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Galati L, Gupta P, Tufaro A, Marinaro M, Saponaro C, Escobar Marcillo DI, Loisi D, Sen R, Robitaille A, Brancaccio RN, Cuenin C, McKay-Chopin S, Paradiso AV, Liška V, Souček P, Zito FA, Hughes DJ, Tommasino M, Gheit T. Evaluation of human papillomavirus DNA in colorectal cancer and adjacent mucosal tissue samples. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:71. [PMID: 37941001 PMCID: PMC10634082 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the role of viral agents, such as human papillomavirus (e.g. HPV16, HPV18) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has been previously investigated, results remain inconclusive. METHODS To further evaluate the involvement of oncogenic HPV types in CRC, 40 frozen neoplastic and 40 adjacent colonic tissues collected from Italian patients were analyzed by Luminex-based assays that detect a broad spectrum of HPV types, i.e. Alpha (n = 21), Beta (n = 46) and Gamma HPVs (n = 52). In addition, 125 frozen CRC samples and 70 surrounding mucosal tissues were collected from Czech patients and analyzed by broad spectrum PCR protocols: (i) FAP59/64, (ii) FAPM1 and (iii) CUT combined with Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). RESULTS Using Luminex-basedassays, DNA from HPV16 was detected in 5% (2/40) CRC tissues from Italian patients. One HPV16 DNA-positive CRC case was subsequently confirmed positive for E6*I mRNA. Cutaneous beta HPV types were detected in 10% (4/40) adjacent tissues only, namely HPV111 (n = 3) and HPV120 (n = 1), while gamma HPV168 (n = 1) and HPV199 (n = 1) types were detected in adjacent and in tumor tissues, respectively. The NGS analysis of the CRC Czech samples identified HPV sequences from mucosal alpha-3 (HPV89), alpha-7 (HPV18, 39, 68 and 70) and alpha-10 species (HPV11), as well as cutaneous beta-1 (HPV20, 24, 93, 98, 105,124) beta-2 (HPV23), beta-3 (HPV49) and gamma-1 species (HPV205). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that HPV types belonging to the mucosal alpha, and the 'cutaneous' beta and gamma genera can be detected in the colonic mucosal samples with a low prevalence rate and a low number of HPV reads by Luminex and NGS, respectively. However, additional studies are required to corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Purnima Gupta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Antonio Tufaro
- Institutional BioBank, Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", IRCCS, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Marinaro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Donato Loisi
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Rajdip Sen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Alexis Robitaille
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
- Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rosario N Brancaccio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | | | - Václav Liška
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Souček
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | - David J Hughes
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Group, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 25 Avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627, 69366, Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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Jafari Maskouni E, Jamalvandi T, Tabatabaei F, Bourenjan Shirazi S, Saadati H, Letafati A, Hosseini M, Motlaghzadeh S, Khalesi Z, Moradi P, Saeb S, Sheikh N, Fozouni E, Khatami A, Baker AH, Keyvanlou Z, Tamrchi V, Tavakoli A, Ghorbani S. Association between Epstein-Bar virus and colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 2023; 179:106087. [PMID: 37003501 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and any potential association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS A systematic literature search was performed by finding relevant cross-sectional and case-control studies from main online databases. Heterogeneity, odds ratio (OR), and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied to all studies through meta-analysis and forest plots. The analysis was performed using STATA Software v.14.1. RESULTS Twenty-three articles were included in the meta-analysis, eight of them were case/control and 15 were cross-sectional. The pooled prevalence of EBV among 1954 CRC patients was 18% (95% CI: 12%-26%; I2 = 93.14%). Furthermore, in geographical regions, the highest and lowest prevalence of EBV was observed in South America 30% (95% CI: 18%-43%) and Africa 0% (95% CI: 0%-5%), respectively. An association was found between EBV infection and CRC [OR = 3.4 (95% CI (1.13-10.27); I2 = 72.3%)]. CONCLUSION EBV infection is associated with CRC and can be considered a potential risk factor for the development of CRC. Although the exact molecular mechanism of EBV infection in the development of CRC is still unknown, it seems that latent infection by EBV, intestinal damage, and inflammation can be important factors in the induction of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jafari Maskouni
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tasnim Jamalvandi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Tabatabaei
- Faculty of Converting Sciences and Technologies, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Bourenjan Shirazi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Saadati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Arash Letafati
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Hosseini
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Motlaghzadeh
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Khalesi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Moradi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Saeb
- Department of Virology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sheikh
- Department of Virology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Fozouni
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Khatami
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Keyvanlou
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Tamrchi
- Department of Microbiology of Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golesatn, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tavakoli
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saied Ghorbani
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Deniz Z, Uraz S, Holem R, Ozaras R, Tahan V. Human Papillomavirus Infection and Oropharyngeal and Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Causal Relationship? Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10040094. [PMID: 36278593 PMCID: PMC9589929 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. The risk of being infected at least once in a lifetime among both men and women is estimated to be 50%. Although the majority of HPV infections are asymptomatic and improve within 2 years, approximately 10% of individuals develop a persistent infection and have an increased risk of developing carcinomas. The association of HPV and genital cancer is well established. However, there is evidence that HPV may also be associated with other cancers, including those of the gastrointestinal system. The aim of this review is to organize the current evidence of associations between HPV infections and oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal cancers, including the following: oropharyngeal, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and anal cancers. A comprehensive review of the most up-to-date medical literature concluded that an HPV infection might have a role in the oncogenesis of gastrointestinal tract cancers. HPV may have a causal relationship with oropharyngeal and esophageal squamous cell cancers. However, the association between HPV and gastric and colorectal cancers is weaker. The development of cancer in the oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal tract is usually multifactorial, with HPV having a role in at least a subset of these cancers. HPV infections pose a big challenge due to their burden of infection and their oncogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Deniz
- School of Medicine, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Uraz
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul 34394, Turkey
| | - Ryan Holem
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Resat Ozaras
- Infectious Diseases Department, Medilife Hospital, Yakuplu Mah, Hurriyet Bulvari, No: 5, TR-34524 Beylikduzu, Istanbul 34523, Turkey
- Correspondence:
| | - Veysel Tahan
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Hsu CH, Lin YJ, Chen YC, Liu IL, You SL, Hu JM, Lin TC, Chang PK, Chen CY, Chou YC, Sun CA. Human Papillomavirus and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: An Analysis of Nationwide Claims Data. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58101461. [PMID: 36295621 PMCID: PMC9610003 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major etiology of cervical and anogenital cancers, whether it is associated with colorectal carcinogenesis is yet undetermined. Materials and Methods: The longitudinal association of HPV infection with colorectal cancer (CRC) was evaluated using 2000-2013 data from a nationwide Taiwanese claims database. In this retrospective cohort study, 358 patients with primary HPV diagnoses (HPV-infected cohort) and 1432 patients without such a diagnosis (HPV-uninfected cohort) were recruited between 2000 and 2006. Both cohorts were followed up to identify CRC incidences from 2006 to 2013. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between HPV and CRC risk. Results: The HPV-infected cohort had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of CRC than the HPV-uninfected cohort. The presence of HPV was associated with an increased risk of CRC (adjusted HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.02-3.62). Furthermore, the significant HPV-CRC risk association was evident in both sexes. Conclusions: This population-based cohort study reveals longitudinal evidence that HPV is associated with an increased risk of CRC. Further studies are required to verify the role of HPV in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsiung Hsu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jyun Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Chen Chen
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Data Science Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - I-Lan Liu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - San-Lin You
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Data Science Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ming Hu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Kai Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yang Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.C.); (C.-A.S.)
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Data Science Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.C.); (C.-A.S.)
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5
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Fang CY, Chen SY, Hsiao BX, Huang HY, Chen YJ, Tung CL, Fang CY. Unusually high incidence of polyomavirus JC infection in the higher grade of colorectal cancer tissues in Taiwan. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:127. [PMID: 35859146 PMCID: PMC9301828 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The human JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) has been detected in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and is suggested to contribute to CRC tumorigenesis. The rearrangement of the JCPyV regulatory region is supposedly associated with CRC development. The progression of CRC involves the stepwise accumulation of mutations. The large tumor antigen (LT) of JCPyV can trigger uncontrolled cell cycle progression by targeting oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes, and causing chromosome instability. Few studies have focused on the presence of JCPyV DNA in the higher grade of CRC tissues. Methods We collected 95 tissue blocks from samples of stages I, II, III, and IV CRC. Nested PCR targeting the regulatory region of the viral genome was performed to determine the presence of JCPyV DNA in the various stages of colorectal cancer tissues. Results The nested PCR results showed that the positive rate of JCPyV DNA increased with the progression of CRC stages. The archetypal-like, non-rearrangement genotype of JCPyV with subtle mutations was the major genotype found in CRC samples. Conclusions This finding in our study suggests that there may be an association between JCPyV and CRC progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40001-022-00756-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yin Fang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, 621, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Sports Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Xiu Hsiao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, 539, Chung Hsiao Road, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Tung
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. .,Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asian University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Yao Fang
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, 539, Chung Hsiao Road, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan.
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Oleynikova NA, Danilova NV, Grimuta MO, Malkov PG. Epstein-Barr Virus in the Development of Colorectal Cancer (Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 13:82-91. [PMID: 34603767 PMCID: PMC8482827 DOI: 10.17691/stm2021.13.4.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the influence of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) on the development of colorectal cancer is of current interest, particularly in light of the active discussion of the participation of this virus in the carcinogenesis of stomach cancer. In this review, aimed at a fundamental understanding of the processes associated with the impact of EBV on the human body, attention is paid to the issues of the life cycle of the virus, its phases (latent and lytic), as well as proteins that may be detected in each of the phases. The papers reporting on the role of EBV in the development of colorectal cancer have been analyzed. A summary table indicating the population under study, the number of samples, the method, and the result obtained is provided. Given that the primary cells affected by EBV are lymphocytes, it is logical to assume the involvement of this virus in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases. The review cites studies which confirm the presence of virus DNA in tissues in the inflammatory diseases of the colon, including microscopic and ulcerative colitis. To confirm the direct impact of EBV on the development of colorectal cancer, large studies with applying various methods for detecting the virus and the mandatory description of its localization are required. Besides, it is necessary to correlate these data with the clinical and morphological characteristics of EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Oleynikova
- Researcher, Department of Clinical Pathology; Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosov Prospect, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - N V Danilova
- Senior Researcher, Department of Clinical Pathology; Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosov Prospect, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - M O Grimuta
- Student; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - P G Malkov
- Head of the Department of Clinical Pathology; Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosov Prospect, Moscow, 119192, Russia
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Copresence of High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr Virus in Colorectal Cancer: A Tissue Microarray and Molecular Study from Lebanon. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158118. [PMID: 34360884 PMCID: PMC8347509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been reported to be present in different types of human cancers, including CRCs, where they can play a key role in the onset and/or progression of these cancers. Thus, we herein explored the prevalence of high-risk HPVs and EBV in a cohort of 94 CRC tissue samples and 13 colorectal normal tissues from the Lebanese population using polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and tissue microarray methodologies. We found that high-risk HPVs are present in 64%, while EBV is present in 29% of our CRC samples. Additionally, our data showed that high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 35, 58, 51, 45, 52, 31, and 33) are the most frequent in CRC in the Lebanese cohort, respectively. Our data point out that HPVs and EBV are copresent in 28% of the samples. Thus, this study clearly suggests that high-risk HPVs and EBV are present/copresent in CRCs, where they could play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, further investigations using a larger cohort are needed to elucidate the possible cooperation between these oncoviruses in the development of CRC.
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Dolci M, Signorini L, Toumi W, Basile G, D'Alessandro S, Ferrante P, Delbue S. Human polyomaviruses genomes in clinical specimens of colon cancer patients. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6333-6339. [PMID: 33547809 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is the third cause of cancer death in the developed countries. Some environmental factors are involved in its pathogenesis, including viral infections. The possible involvement of human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) in colon cancer pathogenesis has been previously reported, leading to inconsistent conclusions. Clinical specimens were collected from 125 colon cancer patients. Specifically, 110 tumor tissues, 55 negative surgical margins, and 39 peripheral blood samples were analyzed for the presence of six HPyVs: JC polyomavirus (JCPyV), BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), Merkel cell PyV (MCPyV), HPyV -6, -7, and -9 by means of DNA isolation and subsequent duplex Real Time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HPyVs genome was detected in 33/204 samples (16.2%): the significant higher positivity was found in tumor tissues (26/110, 23.6%), followed by negative surgical margins (3/55, 5.5%, p < .05), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (4/39; 10.3%). HPyVs load was statistically higher only in the tumor tissues compared to negative surgical margins (p < .05). Specifically, MCPyV was detected in 19.1% (21/110) of tumor tissues, 3.6% (2/55) of negative surgical margins (p < .05), and 7.7% (3/39) of PBMCs; HPyV-6 in 2.7% (3/110) of tumor tissues, and 1.8% (1/55) of negative surgical margins; one tumor tissue (1/110, 0.9%) and one PBMCs sample (1/39, 2.6%) were positive for BKPyV; JCPyV was present in 0.9% (1/110) of tumor tissues. HPyV-7 and 9 were not detected in any sample. High prevalence and load of MCPyV genome in the tumor tissues might be indicative of a relevant rather than bystander role of the virus in the colon tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dolci
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Signorini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Wafa Toumi
- Viral and Molecular Tumor Diagnostics Unit, Laboratory Services, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Giuseppe Basile
- Service of Legal Medicine, San Siro Clinical Insitute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah D'Alessandro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ferrante
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Delbue
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Usman M, Hameed Y, Ahmad M. Does human papillomavirus cause human colorectal cancer? Applying Bradford Hill criteria postulates. Ecancermedicalscience 2020; 14:1107. [PMID: 33144875 PMCID: PMC7581335 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in human colorectal cancer (CRC) has already been widely investigated worldwide with conflicting results. Although researchers have tried to establish the link between HPV and CRC through a statistical meta-analysis of the previous studies associating HPV with CRC, they failed to establish a more reliable link due to the shortcomings of the statistical meta-analysis. In the present study, we identified population-wide studies relating HPV with CRC through the PubMed search engine. Then, we examined the available data of HPV prevalence in CRC and normal/benign samples and applied the postulates of Bradford Hill criteria on the available evidence to investigate the association between HPV and CRC. The Bradford Hill criteria are very old, reliable and widely accepted for establishing a link between the cause and disease. In addition, to further enhance the reliability of the outcomes, we have also evaluated the methodologies of the previous studies to address the possibility of false-negative and false-positive results. After a careful evaluation of the extracted data against the postulates of Bradford Hill criteria, it was observed that none of the studies fulfil all the major postulates of Bradford Hill criteria for causation including temporality, consistency, biological gradient, experiment, coherence, specificity and analogy. Hence, no causal relationship has been suggested between HPV and CRC patients of the any included population. The results failed to prove the causal relationship between HPV and CRC and suggested HPV as a coparticipant in the pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Gock M, Kordt M, Matschos S, Mullins CS, Linnebacher M. Patient-individual cancer cell lines and tissue analysis delivers no evidence of sequences from DNA viruses in colorectal cancer cells. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:260. [PMID: 32762707 PMCID: PMC7409650 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several DNA viruses are highly suspicious to have oncogenic effects in humans. This study investigates the presence of potentially oncogenic viruses such as SV40, JCV, BKV and EBV in patient-derived colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells typifying all molecular subtypes of CRC. Methods Sample material (gDNA and cDNA) of a total of 49 patient-individual CRC cell lines and corresponding primary material from 11 patients, including normal, tumor-derived and metastasis-derived tissue were analyzed for sequences of SV40, JVC, BKV and EBV using endpoint PCR. In addition, the susceptibility of CRC cells to JCV and BKV was examined using a long-term cultivation approach of patient-individual cells in the presence of viruses. Results No virus-specific sequences could be detected in all specimens. Likewise, no morphological changes were observed and no evidence for viral infection or integration could be provided after long term CRC cell cultivation in presence of viral particles. Conclusions In summary, the presented data suggest that there is no direct correlation between tumorigenesis and viral load and consequently no evidence for a functional role of the DNA viruses included into this analysis in CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gock
- Department of General Surgery, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Marcel Kordt
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stephanie Matschos
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina S Mullins
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Linnebacher
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, D-18057, Rostock, Germany.
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11
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Dalla Libera LS, de Siqueira T, Santos IL, Porto Ramos JE, Milhomen AX, de Alencar RDCG, Rabelo Santos SH, dos Santos Carneiro MA, Figueiredo Alves RR, Saddi VA. Detection of Human papillomavirus and the role of p16INK4a in colorectal carcinomas. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235065. [PMID: 32584870 PMCID: PMC7316293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with the development of anogenital and head and neck cancers. In recent years a potential role of HPV in colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested. OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of HPV in colorectal carcinomas and to study the role of p16INK4a as a marker of transcriptionally active HPV infection. In addition, to investigate the correlation between these findings and the CRC prognostic factors. METHODS Case control study with 92 cases of colorectal cancers, 75 controls of normal tissue adjacent to the tumor, and 30 controls of precursor lesions, including polyps and colorectal adenomas. Paraffinized samples were used, HPV detection and genotyping were performed by PCR and reverse hybridization by using the INNO LIPA kit, with SPF10 plus primers. The expression of the p16INK4a protein was investigated using immunohistochemistry. Data analysis was performed using descriptive, univariate statistics and survival curves were calculated by using the Kaplan Meier and log-rank method. RESULTS HPV was detected in 13% of the cases and the most prevalent genotype was HPV 16. HPV DNA was not detected in either control groups. The high expression of p16INK4a was observed in 30% of the cases, but it was not associated to the presence of HPV. The overall survival was 53.3% and was influenced by prognostic factors such as later stage, lymph node and distant metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, HPV is unlikely to be involved in colorectal carcinogenesis and p16INK4a expression is not a relevant marker of transcriptionally active HPV infection in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisse Silva Dalla Libera
- Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Faculdade de Medicina (FM) e Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Thalita de Siqueira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC/GO), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde (MCAS) e Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas (ECMFB), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Igor Lopes Santos
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC/GO), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde (MCAS) e Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas (ECMFB), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Jéssica Enocencio Porto Ramos
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC/GO), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde (MCAS) e Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas (ECMFB), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Amanda Xavier Milhomen
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC/GO), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde (MCAS) e Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas (ECMFB), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - Silvia Helena Rabelo Santos
- Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Faculdade de Medicina (FM) e Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Megmar Aparecida dos Santos Carneiro
- Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Faculdade de Medicina (FM) e Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Rosane Ribeiro Figueiredo Alves
- Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Faculdade de Medicina (FM) e Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Vera Aparecida Saddi
- Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Faculdade de Medicina (FM) e Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC/GO), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde (MCAS) e Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas (ECMFB), Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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12
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Gupta I, Al Farsi H, Jabeen A, Skenderi F, Al-Thawadi H, AlAhmad YM, Abdelhafez I, Al Moustafa AE, Vranic S. High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr Virus in Colorectal Cancer and Their Association with Clinicopathological Status. Pathogens 2020; 9:E452. [PMID: 32521661 PMCID: PMC7350373 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy with a high mortality rate worldwide. It is a complex, multifactorial disease that is strongly impacted by both hereditary and environmental factors. The role of microbes (e.g., viruses) in the pathogenesis of CRC is poorly understood. In the current study, we explored the status of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in a well-defined CRC cohort using immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction assays. Our data showed that high-risk HPVs were common (~80%) and EBV had a low presence (14-25%) in the CRC samples. The most common high-risk HPVs are HPV16, 31, 18, 51, 52 and 45 genotypes. The co-presence of high-risk HPV and EBV was observed in ~16% of the sample population without any significant association with the clinicopathological variables. We conclude that high-risk HPVs are very prevalent in CRC samples while EBV positivity is relatively low. The co-expression of the two viruses was observed in a minority of cases and without any correlation with the studied parameters. Further studies are necessary to confirm the clinical relevance and potential therapeutic (preventive) effects of the observations reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Halema Al Farsi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ayesha Jabeen
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Faruk Skenderi
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Hamda Al-Thawadi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Yaman M. AlAhmad
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ibrahim Abdelhafez
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar; (I.G.); (H.A.F.); (A.J.); (H.A.-T.); (Y.M.A.); (I.A.)
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13
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Fernandes Q, Gupta I, Vranic S, Al Moustafa AE. Human Papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr Virus Interactions in Colorectal Cancer: A Brief Review. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9040300. [PMID: 32325943 PMCID: PMC7238043 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9040300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are the most common oncoviruses, contributing to approximately 10%-15% of all malignancies. Oncoproteins of high-risk HPVs (E5 and E6/E7), as well as EBV (LMP1, LMP2A and EBNA1), play a principal role in the onset and progression of several human carcinomas, including head and neck, cervical and colorectal. Oncoproteins of high-risk HPVs and EBV can cooperate to initiate and/or enhance epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) events, which represents one of the hallmarks of cancer progression and metastasis. Although the role of these oncoviruses in several cancers is well established, their role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is still nascent. This review presents an overview of the most recent advances related to the presence and role of high-risk HPVs and EBV in colorectal cancer, with an emphasis on their cooperation in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Queenie Fernandes
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (A.-E.A.M.); Tel.:+974-4403-7873 (S.V.); +974-4403-7817 (A.-E.A.M.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (Q.F.); (I.G.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (A.-E.A.M.); Tel.:+974-4403-7873 (S.V.); +974-4403-7817 (A.-E.A.M.)
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14
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Malki MI, Gupta I, Fernandes Q, Aboulkassim T, Yasmeen A, Vranic S, Al Moustafa AE, Al-Thawadi HA. Co-presence of Epstein-Barr virus and high-risk human papillomaviruses in Syrian colorectal cancer samples. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:2403-2407. [PMID: 32186955 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1726680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently performed two studies exploring the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35 in human colorectal cancers from the Syrian population. Herein, we report that EBV and high-risk HPVs are co-present in colorectal cancers from Syria. We reveal that 17 (~17%) of 102 cancer samples are positive for both EBV and high-risk HPVs and their co-presence is associated with high/intermediate grade invasive carcinomas. These data suggest that EBV and high-risk HPVs are co-present in human colorectal cancers where they might cooperate on the initiation and/or progression of these cancers. Thus, we believe that future studies are necessary to confirm the co-presence of these oncoviruses and their cooperative role in human colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
| | - Tahar Aboulkassim
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University , Doha, Qatar
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15
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Biesaga B, Janecka-Widła A, Kołodziej-Rzepa M, Słonina D, Darasz Z, Gasińska A. The prevalence of HPV infection in rectal cancer - Report from South - Central Poland (Cracow region). Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152513. [PMID: 31301877 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Some studies suggest that HPV infection may be important carcinogenic factor in development of some part of colorectal cancers. However, in the worldwide literature concerning this type of tumours, the great variability in HPV frequency is noticed. In Poland, the incidence of HPV infection in colorectal cancers was examined in five studies so far and their results are also conflicting. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the HPV presence in the group of 120 patients with adenocarcinomas of rectum. HPV infection was assessed on the basis of DNA extracted from collected formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumour specimens. Viral presence was evaluated using two PCR based methods: nested PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) with primers specific for HPV16. All HPV positive samples were subjected to virus genotyping using AmoyDx® Human papillomavirus (HPV) Genotyping Detection Kit and P16 immunostaining. Among 120 evaluated colorectal tumours, HPV DNA was detected in 2 cancers (1.67%) by nested PCR and in 2 (1.67%) tumours by qPCR, including 1 sample diagnosed as HPV positive on the basis of both PCR variants. Two HPV positive cancers had HPV16 infection and other one HPV18. All three tumours with positivity of HPV DNA were P16 negative. In south - central Poland, HPV infection in rectal cancers probably has not influence on rectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Biesaga
- Department of Tumour Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute- Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Poland.
| | - Anna Janecka-Widła
- Department of Tumour Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute- Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Poland
| | - Marta Kołodziej-Rzepa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute- Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Poland
| | - Dorota Słonina
- Department of Tumour Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute- Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Darasz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute- Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Poland
| | - Annna Gasińska
- Department of Tumour Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute- Oncology Center, Cracow Branch, Poland
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16
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Sarvari J, Mahmoudvand S, Pirbonyeh N, Safaei A, Hosseini SY. The Very Low Frequency of Epstein-Barr JC and BK Viruses DNA in Colorectal Cancer Tissues in Shiraz, Southwest Iran. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 67:73-79. [PMID: 30015427 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0011.6146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), JCV and BKV have been reported to be associated with some cancers. The association of these viruses with colorectal cancers remains controversial. Our objective was to investigate their infections association with adenocarcinoma and adenomatous polyps of the colon. Totally, 210 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens encompassing 70 colorectal adenocarcinoma, 70 colorectal adenomatous and 70 colorectal normal tissues were included. The total DNA was extracted, then qualified samples introduced to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The EBV, JCV and BKV genome sequences were detected using specific primers by 3 different in-house PCR assays. Out of 210 subjects, 98 cases were female and the rest were male. The mean age of the participants was 52 ± 1.64 years. EBV and JCV DNA was detected just in one (1.42%) out of seventy adenocarcinoma colorectal tissues. All adenomatous polyp and normal colorectal tissues were negative for EBV and JCV DNA sequences. Moreover, all the patients and healthy subjects were negative for BKV DNA sequences. The results suggested that EBV and JCV genomes were not detectable in the colorectal tissue of patients with colorectal cancer in our population. Hence, BKV might not be necessitated for the development of colorectal cancer. The findings merit more investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz,Iran.,Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz,Iran
| | - Shahab Mahmoudvand
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz,Iran
| | - Neda Pirbonyeh
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz,Iran.,Burn and Wound Healing Research Center - Microbiology Department - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz,Iran
| | - Akbar Safaei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz
| | - Seyed Younes Hosseini
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences,Shiraz,Iran
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17
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Bedri S, Sultan AA, Alkhalaf M, Al Moustafa AE, Vranic S. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in colorectal cancer: a mini review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 15:603-610. [PMID: 30380978 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1543525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a well-characterized oncovirus, associated with several malignancies. The complex and heterogeneous nature of colorectal cancer (CRC) has led to many epidemiological causal associations with CRC. However, a direct causal link between microbial infections and CRC has not been established yet. Our review indicates that the current evidence for the presence and role in EBV in CRC is insufficient and contradictory. The design of the analyzed studies, sample size as well as methodology used for EBV detection varied markedly and consequently may not lead to meaningful conclusions. The presence of EBV in other colorectal tumors (lymphomas, smooth muscle tumors) is in line with their status at other anatomic locations and may have therapeutic implications with EBV-specific vaccines. On the other hand, studies exploring EBV in colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and its molecular genetic characteristics are largely missing and may significantly contribute to a better understanding of the role of EBV in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali A Sultan
- b Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar , Cornell University, Qatar Foundation - Education City , Doha , Qatar
| | | | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- d College of Medicine , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar.,e Syrian Research Cancer Centre of the Syrian Society against Cancer , Aleppo , Syria.,f Oncology Department , McGill University , Quebec , Montreal , Canada
| | - Semir Vranic
- d College of Medicine , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
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18
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Abstract
The involvement of human papillomavirus in carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer is a contentious issue. The presented meta-analysis was performed to systematize the currently available research results on the matter. The analysis was based on the data from 19 studies to assess the association of HPV infection with colorectal cancer. According to the obtained data, researchers determined the statistically significant level of HPV infection in tumor tissue of CRC and the resulting relative risk of developing CRC with HPV infection to be RR (95% CI) = 2.97 (1.42-6.22) with p = 0.0039.
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19
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Costa NR, Gil da Costa RM, Medeiros R. A viral map of gastrointestinal cancers. Life Sci 2018; 199:188-200. [PMID: 29476768 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancers of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are expected to account for approximately 20% of all cancers in 2017. Apart from their high incidence, GIT cancers show high mortality rates, placing these malignancies among the most prominent public health issues of our time. Cancers of the GIT are the result of a complex interplay between host genetic factors and environmental factors and frequently arise in the context of a continued active inflammatory response. Several tumor viruses are able to elicit such chronic inflammatory responses. In fact, several viruses have an impact on GIT tumor initiation and progression, as well as on patients' response to therapy and prognosis, through direct and indirect mechanisms. In this review, we have gathered information on different viruses' rates of infection, viral-driven specific carcinogenesis mechanisms and viral-related impact on the prognosis of cancers of the GIT (specifically in organs that have an interface with the environment - esophagus, stomach, intestines and anus). Overall, while some viral infections show a strong causal relation with specific gastrointestinal cancers, these represent a relatively small fraction of GIT malignancies. Other types of cancer, like Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, require further studies to confirm the carcinogenic role of some viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália R Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui M Gil da Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal; LEPABE, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal; CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal; Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro-Núcleo Regional do Norte), Porto, Portugal
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20
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Rhee YY, Kim KJ, Kang GH. CpG Island Methylator Phenotype-High Colorectal Cancers and Their Prognostic Implications and Relationships with the Serrated Neoplasia Pathway. Gut Liver 2017; 11:38-46. [PMID: 27885175 PMCID: PMC5221859 DOI: 10.5009/gnl15535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of a CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) was first introduced by Toyota and Issa to describe a subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs) with concurrent hypermethylation of multiple CpG island loci. The concept of CIMP as a molecular carcinogenesis mechanism was consolidated by the identification of the serrated neoplasia pathway, in which CIMP participates in the initiation and progression of serrated adenomas. Distinct clinicopathological and molecular features of CIMP-high (CIMP-H) CRCs have been characterized, including proximal colon location, older age of onset, female preponderance, and frequent associations of high-level microsatellite instability and BRAF mutations. CIMP-H CRCs arise in sessile or traditional serrated adenomas and thus tend to display the morphological characteristics of serrated adenomas, including epithelial serration, vesicular nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm. Both the frequent association of CIMP and poor prognosis and different responses of CRCs to adjuvant therapy depending on CIMP status indicate clinical implications. In this review, we present an overview of the literature documenting the relevant findings of CIMP-H CRCs and their relationships with the serrated neoplasia pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Young Rhee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ju Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Khabaz MN, Nedjadi T, Gari MA, Al-Maghrabi JA, Atta HM, Basuni AA, Elderwi DA, Bakarman M. Simian virus 40 is not likely involved in the development of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Future Virol 2016. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2015-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of simian virus 40 (SV40) in colorectal cancer development by assessing the presence of DNA and protein product of SV40 in colorectal cancer. Materials & methods: Extracted DNA from 83 archival colorectal adenocarcinoma samples and 35 control samples of noncancerous colon tissue was analyzed for SV40 using PCR-based techniques. The expression of the protein product was assessed using immunohistochemical staining. Results: All tested tumors and control cases failed to detect SV40 DNA in PCR assays. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining did not show any viral proteins in both cancer and control cases. Conclusion: These results indicated that there is no association between SV40 and the development of colorectal adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Nidal Khabaz
- Department of Pathology, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taoufik Nedjadi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdooh A Gari
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaudah A Al-Maghrabi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Atta
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A Basuni
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Liver Institute, Menofiya University, Egypt
| | - Douaa A Elderwi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwan Bakarman
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Barzon L, Cappellesso R, Peta E, Militello V, Sinigaglia A, Fassan M, Simonato F, Guzzardo V, Ventura L, Blandamura S, Gardiman M, Palù G, Fassina A. Profiling of expression of human papillomavirus-related cancer miRNAs in penile squamous cell carcinomas. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:3376-83. [PMID: 25455689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a rare tumor associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in 30% to 60% of cases. Altered expression of miRNAs has been reported in HPV-related cervical and head and neck cancers, but such data have not been available for PSCC. We analyzed a series of 59 PSCCs and 8 condylomata for presence of HPV infection, for p16(INK4a), Ki-67, and p53 immunohistochemical expression, and for expression of a panel of cellular miRNAs (let-7c, miR-23b, miR-34a, miR-145, miR-146a, miR-196a, and miR-218) involved in HPV-related cancer. HR-HPV DNA (HPV16 in most cases) was detected in 17/59 (29%) PSCCs; all penile condylomata (8/8) were positive for low-risk HPV6 or HPV11. HR-HPV(+) PSCCs overexpressed p16(INK4a) in 88% cases and p53 in 35% of cases, whereas HR-HPV(-) PSCCs were positive for p16(INK4a) and p53 immunostaining in 9% and 44% of cases, respectively. Among the miRNAs investigated, expression of miR-218 was lower in PSCCs with HR-HPV infection and in p53(-) cancers. Hypermethylation of the promoter of the SLIT2 gene, which contains miR-218-1 in its intronic region, was frequently observed in PSCCs, mainly in those with low miR-218 expression. Epigenetic silencing of miR-218 is a common feature in HR-HPV(+) PSCCs and in HR-HPV(-) PSCCs without immunohistochemical detection of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Barzon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Elektra Peta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Militello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Virology Unit, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sinigaglia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Veneto Region Oncology Institute (Istituto Oncologico Veneto-IRCCS), Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Ventura
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Giorgio Palù
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Fiorina L, Ricotti M, Vanoli A, Luinetti O, Dallera E, Riboni R, Paolucci S, Brugnatelli S, Paulli M, Pedrazzoli P, Baldanti F, Perfetti V. Systematic analysis of human oncogenic viruses in colon cancer revealed EBV latency in lymphoid infiltrates. Infect Agent Cancer 2014; 9:18. [PMID: 24936208 PMCID: PMC4058445 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-9-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental factors may play a role in colon cancer. In this view, several studies investigated tumor samples for the presence of various viral DNA with conflicting results. Findings We undertook a systematic DNA analysis of 44 consecutive, prospectively collected primary tumor samples by real time and qualitative PCR for viruses of known or potential oncogenic role in humans, including polyomavirus (JCV, BKV, Merkel cell polyomavirus), HPV, HTLV, HHV-8 and EBV. Negative controls consisted of surgical resection margins. No evidence of genomic DNA fragments from tested virus were detected, except for EBV, which was found in a significant portion of tumors (23/44, 52%). Real-time PCR showed that EBV DNA was present at a highly variable content (median 258 copies in 105 cells, range 15–4837). Presence of EBV DNA had a trend to be associated with high lymphocyte infiltration (p = 0.06, χ2 test), and in situ hybridization with EBER1-2 probes revealed latency in a fraction of these lymphoid cells, with just a few scattered plasma cells positive for BZLF-1, an immediate early protein expressed during lytic replication. LMP-1 expression was undetectable by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions These results argue against a significant involvement of the tested oncogenic viruses in established colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Fiorina
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Molecular Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mattia Ricotti
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Oncology Section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, V.le Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Anatomic Pathology section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ombretta Luinetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Anatomic Pathology section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Dallera
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Anatomic Pathology section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Riboni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Anatomic Pathology section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Paolucci
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Molecular Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Brugnatelli
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Oncology Section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, V.le Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Paulli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Anatomic Pathology section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Oncology Section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, V.le Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Molecular Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Perfetti
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Oncology Section, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, V.le Camillo Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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24
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Baandrup L, Thomsen LT, Olesen TB, Andersen KK, Norrild B, Kjaer SK. The prevalence of human papillomavirus in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:1446-61. [PMID: 24560489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in colorectal cancer has been widely studied with conflicting results. We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of HPV in colorectal adenocarcinomas and adenomas, and test the potential association. METHODS The pooled HPV prevalence was estimated using a random effects model and the I(2) statistic was used to describe the amount of heterogeneity. Potential sources of heterogeneity were evaluated by meta-regression and stratified analyses. For the studies on adenocarcinomas including control tissue, random effects estimates of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies were included. Among the 2630 adenocarcinomas, the pooled HPV prevalence was 11.2% (95% CI, 4.9-19.6%) with substantial between-study heterogeneity (I(2)=97.2%). The HPV prevalence varied by geographical region with highest prevalence in South America (45.1%, 95% CI, 21.9-69.4%), Asia (39.2%, 95% CI, 20.3-60.0%) and the Middle East (32.2%, 95% CI, 1.1-79.3%), and by detection method with the highest HPV prevalence in PCR-based studies. In the eight case-control studies, the pooled HPV prevalence was 36.8% (95% CI, 21.3-53.8%) in adenocarcinomas and 1.6% (95% CI, 0.0-9.6%) in controls giving an OR of 6.0 (95% CI, 2.0-17.9%) for the association between HPV and colorectal cancer. Among the 415 adenomas, the pooled HPV prevalence was 5.1% (95% CI, 0.0-17.8%; I(2)=93.7%). CONCLUSIONS HPV may be associated with a subset of colorectal cancers. Future large-scale multicenter case-control studies with data on risk factors such as lifestyle and sexual behaviour are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Baandrup
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise T Thomsen
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Bech Olesen
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Kaae Andersen
- Unit of Statistics, Bioinformatics and Registry, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bodil Norrild
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Gynaecologic Clinic, Juliane Marie Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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25
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Militello V, Lavezzo E, Costanzi G, Franchin E, Di Camillo B, Toppo S, Palù G, Barzon L. Accurate human papillomavirus genotyping by 454 pyrosequencing. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 19:E428-34. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Barzon L, Militello V, Pagni S, Palù G. Comparison of INNO-LiPA Genotyping Extra and Hybrid Capture 2 assays for detection of carcinogenic human papillomavirus genotypes. J Clin Virol 2012; 55:256-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Chiaravalli AM, Longhi E, Vigetti D, De Stefano FI, Deleonibus S, Capella C, Solcia E, Parravicini C. Gastrointestinal cancers reactive for the PAb416 antibody against JCV/SV40 T-Ag lack JCV DNA sequences while showing a distinctive pathologic profile. J Clin Pathol 2012; 66:44-9. [PMID: 23012397 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-200963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Immunohistochemical and molecular studies have suggested an oncogenic role for JCV in gastrointestinal carcinomas, but at least in colorectal cancers, the data are far from being unambiguous. METHODS Two large series of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded gastric and colorectal cancers were analysed for the expression of JCV large T Antigen (T-Ag) with a panel of five antibodies, and for the presence of T-Ag DNA sequences using two PCR systems. RESULTS Intense nuclear staining was observed in 54/116 (46%) colorectal, and in 92/234 (39%) gastric cancers, using the PAb416 monoclonal antibody against large T-Ag. In colorectal cancers, PAb416-positivity was directly related to the presence of chromosomal instability, lymph node metastases and a more advanced tumour stage, and inversely related to proximal tumour site and the presence of microsatellite instability (MSI). In gastric cancers, the glandular histotype, the presence of lymph node metastases, a low frequency of MSI and EBV infection, and a worse prognosis were significantly associated with PAb416 immunoreactivity. Moreover, at both these sites, PAb416 expression was significantly associated with p53 nuclear accumulation. No positivity was obtained with all the other four anti-T-Ag-antibodies, and molecular analysis failed to demonstrate the presence of JCV DNA sequences in tested cases. CONCLUSIONS Our immunohistochemical and molecular results do not support the idea that JCV T-Ag has a role in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. It is possible that PAb416, besides binding the viral protein, may cross-react with a hitherto undefined protein whose expression is associated with a distinct pathological profile and, at least in gastric cancers, with worse prognosis.
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28
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Laroni A, Giacomazzi CG, Grimaldi L, Gallo P, Sormani MP, Bertolotto A, McDermott JL, Gandoglia I, Martini I, Vitello G, Rinaldi F, Barzon L, Militello V, Pizzorno M, Bandini F, Capello E, Palù G, Uccelli A, Mancardi GL, Varnier OE. Urinary JCV-DNA testing during natalizumab treatment may increase accuracy of PML risk stratification. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2012; 7:665-72. [PMID: 22585413 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-012-9366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients treated with natalizumab for multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious concern. The presence of anti-JC virus antibodies is a risk factor for PML development, but 2.5 % of the patients result falsely-negative, while the prognostic relevance of testing JCV-DNA in biological fluids of treated patients is debated. Aim of this work was to evaluate the utility of testing JCV-DNA, together with anti-JCV antibodies, in biological samples of treated patients as a tool for PML risk stratification. 126 subjects from 5 MS Centers in Italy were included in the study. We performed a cross-sectional study in 63 patients testing JCV-DNA in blood, peripheral blood cells and urine. We longitudinally assessed the presence of JCV-DNA in a cohort of 33 subjects, one of which developed PML. We could test retrospectively serum samples from another PML case occurred during natalizumab therapy. Anti-JCV antibodies and urinary JCV-DNA were both tested in 73 patients. No changes in JCV-DNA status occurred during natalizumab treatment. The subject who developed PML in the longitudinal cohort had detectable JCV-DNA in urine at all time-points while serum or blood from both PML patients were always negative before the onset of disease and, in one case, after. Four subjects with JCV-DNA in urine and undetectable anti-JCV antibodies were retested for anti-JCV antibodies and three out of four resulted positive. In conclusion, testing JCV-DNA in urine is complementary to testing anti-JCV antibodies in identifying patients at risk of PML.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Laroni
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Genova, Via De Toni 5, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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Gruppo M, Militello C, Mazzalai F, Martella B, Spirch S, Terranova O. ADVANCED AGE IS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTING FACTOR FOR RECURRENCE IN PATIENTS WITH N0 COLONIC CANCER. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011; 59:1149-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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30
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Campello C, Comar M, Zanotta N, Minicozzi A, Rodella L, Poli A. Detection of SV40 in colon cancer: A molecular case-control study from Northeast Italy. J Med Virol 2010; 82:1197-200. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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