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Liu Q, Bao H, Zhang S, Li C, Sun G, Sun X, Fu T, Wang Y, Liang P. MicroRNA-522-3p promotes brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer by targeting Tensin 1 and modulating blood-brain barrier permeability. Exp Cell Res 2024; 442:114199. [PMID: 39103070 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Brain metastases account for more than 50 % of intracranial central nervous system tumors. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is mainly composed of endothelial cells, which exhibit low endocytosis and high efflux pumps. Although they are connected by continuous tight junctions and serve as a protective insulation, the BBB does not prevent the development of brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Improving understanding on the mechanisms underlying the development of brain metastasis and the differential molecular characteristics relative to the primary tumor are therefore key in the treatment of brain metastases. This study evaluated the differential expression of miR-522-3p in NSCLC and brain metastases using the Gene Expression Omnibus database. NSCLC brain metastasis model was constructed to screen for cell lines that demonstrated high potential for brain metastasis; We also observed differential expression of miRNA-522-3p in the paraffin-embedded specimens of non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastases from our hospital. The molecular biological functions of miRNA-522-3p were verified using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) proliferation assay and Transwell invasion assays. RNA-seq was employed to identify downstream target proteins, and the dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed Tensin 1 (TNS1), a protein that links the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix, as the downstream regulatory target protein. In vitro blood-brain barrier models and co-culture models were constructed to further identify the role of miRNA-522-3p and TNS1; the expression of BBB-related proteins (ZO-1 and OLCN) was also identified. In vivo experiments were performed to verify the effects of miRNA-522-3p on the time and incidence of NSCLC brain metastasis. The results showed significantly high expression in GSE51666; consistent results were obtained in brain metastasis cells and paraffin samples. RNA-seq combined with miRNA target protein prediction demonstrated TNS1 to be directly downstream of miR-522-3p and to be associated with cell proliferation and invasion. By regulating ZO-1 and OCLN expression, mi-522-3p/TNS1 may increase tumor cell penetration through the BBB while decreasing its permeability. In vivo, miR-522-3p was further demonstrated to significantly promote the formation of brain metastases. miR-522-3p/TNS1 can affect BBB permeability and encourage the growth of brain metastases by modifying the BBB TJ proteins. This axis offers new therapeutic targets for the prevention of brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbo Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Sibin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chenlong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Tianjiao Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.
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Das P, San Martin R, Hong T, McCord RP. Rearrangement of 3D genome organization in breast cancer epithelial - mesenchymal transition and metastasis organotropism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.23.609227. [PMID: 39229150 PMCID: PMC11370564 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.23.609227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer cells exhibit organotropism during metastasis, showing preferential homing to certain organs such as bone, lung, liver, and brain. One potential explanation for this organotropic behavior is that cancer cells gain properties that enable thriving in certain microenvironments. Such specific metastatic traits may arise from gene regulation at the primary tumor site. Spatial genome organization plays a crucial role in oncogenic transformation and progression, but the extent to which chromosome architecture contributes to organ-specific metastatic traits is unclear. This work characterizes chromosome architecture changes associated with organotropic metastatic traits. By comparing a collection of genomic data from different subtypes of localized and lung metastatic breast cancer cells with both normal and cancerous lung cells, we find important trends of genomic reorganization. The most striking differences in 3D genome compartments segregate cell types according to their epithelial vs. mesenchymal status. This EMT compartment signature occurs at genomic regions distinct from transcription-defined EMT signatures, suggesting a separate layer of regulation. Specifically querying organotropism, we find 3D genome changes consistent with adaptations needed to survive in a new microenvironment, with lung metastatic breast cells exhibiting compartment switch signatures that shift the genome architecture to a lung cell-like conformation and brain metastatic prostate cancer cells showing compartment shifts toward a brain-like state. TCGA patient data reveals gene expression changes concordant with these organ-permissive compartment changes. These results suggest that genome architecture provides an additional level of cell fate specification informing organotropism and enabling survival at the metastatic site. SIGNIFICANCE Computational analysis of a cohort of cancer cell lines reveals 3D genome spatial compartment changes are associated with transitions in cancer cell state that favor metastasis (EMT) and enable survival in a new organ context.
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Lei KF, Pai PC, Liu H. Development of a Folding Paper System To Enable the Analysis of Gene Profile of Short- and Long-Distance Cancer Cell Migration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:38931-38941. [PMID: 38959088 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In cancer metastasis, where mortality rates remain high despite advancements in medical treatments, understanding the molecular pathways and cellular dynamics underlying tumor spread is critical for devising more effective therapeutic strategies. Here, a folding paper system was proposed and developed to mimic native tumor microenvironment. This system, composed of 7 stacked layers of paper enclosed in a holder, allows for the culture of cancer cells under conditions mimicking those found in solid tumors, including limited oxygen and nutrients. Because of the migratory capabilities of cancer cells, the cells in the center layer could migrated to outer layers of the paper stack, enabling the differentiation of cells based on their migratory potential. Subsequent gene expression analysis, conducted through RT-PCR and RNA sequencing, revealed significant correlations between cancer cell migration distance and the expression of genes associated with hypoxia, metabolism, ATP production, and cellular process. Moreover, our study identified cells with aggressive phenotypic traits from the outer layers of the paper stack, highlighting the potential of this system for enabling the study of aggressive cancer cell characteristics. Validation of the folding paper system against clinical carcinoma tissue demonstrated its ability to faithfully mimic the native tumor microenvironment. Overall, our findings underscore the utility of the folding paper system as a valuable tool for investigating and identifying critical molecular pathways involved in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Fong Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ping-Ching Pai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
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Guo J, Miao J, Sun W, Li Y, Nie P, Xu W. Predicting bone metastasis-free survival in non-small cell lung cancer from preoperative CT via deep learning. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:161. [PMID: 39068240 PMCID: PMC11283482 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate prediction of bone metastasis-free survival (BMFS) after complete surgical resection in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may facilitate appropriate follow-up planning. The aim of this study was to establish and validate a preoperative CT-based deep learning (DL) signature to predict BMFS in NSCLC patients. We performed a retrospective analysis of 1547 NSCLC patients who underwent complete surgical resection, followed by at least 36 months of monitoring at two hospitals. We constructed a DL signature from multiparametric CT images using 3D convolutional neural networks, and we integrated this signature with clinical-imaging factors to establish a deep learning clinical-imaging signature (DLCS). We evaluated performance using Harrell's concordance index (C-index) and the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic. We also assessed the risk of bone metastasis (BM) in NSCLC patients at different clinical stages using DLCS. The DL signature successfully predicted BM, with C-indexes of 0.799 and 0.818 for the validation cohorts. DLCS outperformed the DL signature with corresponding C-indexes of 0.806 and 0.834. Ranges for area under the curve at 1, 2, and 3 years were 0.820-0.865 for internal and 0.860-0.884 for external validation cohorts. Furthermore, DLCS successfully stratified patients with different clinical stages of NSCLC as high- and low-risk groups for BM (p < 0.05). CT-based DL can predict BMFS in NSCLC patients undergoing complete surgical resection, and may assist in the assessment of BM risk for patients at different clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266001, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianguo Miao
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Weikai Sun
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Third department of medical oncology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Pei Nie
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266001, Qingdao, China.
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 266001, Qingdao, China.
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Okorafor CC, Shastri S, Wen K, Ebong EE. Mechanisms of triple-negative breast cancer extravasation: Impact of the physical environment and endothelial glycocalyx. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23785. [PMID: 38949120 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400380r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death for those afflicted with cancer. In cancer metastasis, the cancer cells break off from the primary tumor, penetrate nearby blood vessels, and attach and extravasate out of the vessels to form secondary tumors at distant organs. This makes extravasation a critical step of the metastatic cascade. Herein, with a focus on triple-negative breast cancer, the role that the prospective secondary tumor microenvironment's mechanical properties play in circulating tumor cells' extravasation is reviewed. Specifically, the effects of the physically regulated vascular endothelial glycocalyx barrier element, vascular flow factors, and subendothelial extracellular matrix mechanical properties on cancer cell extravasation are examined. The ultimate goal of this review is to clarify the physical mechanisms that drive triple-negative breast cancer extravasation, as these mechanisms may be potential new targets for anti-metastasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinedu C Okorafor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanjana Shastri
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ke Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eno E Ebong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Saqi A, Liu Y, Politis MG, Salvatore M, Jambawalikar S. Combined expert-in-the-loop-random forest multiclass segmentation U-net based artificial intelligence model: evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer in fibrotic and non-fibrotic microenvironments. J Transl Med 2024; 22:640. [PMID: 38978066 PMCID: PMC11232199 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in lung cancer initiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Artificial intelligence (AI) methods could potentially accelerate TME analysis. The aims of this study were to (1) assess the feasibility of using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained whole slide images (WSI) to develop an AI model for evaluating the TME and (2) to characterize the TME of adenocarcinoma (ADCA) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) in fibrotic and non-fibrotic lung. METHODS The cohort was derived from chest CT scans of patients presenting with lung neoplasms, with and without background fibrosis. WSI images were generated from slides of all 76 available pathology cases with ADCA (n = 53) or SCCA (n = 23) in fibrotic (n = 47) or non-fibrotic (n = 29) lung. Detailed ground-truth annotations, including of stroma (i.e., fibrosis, vessels, inflammation), necrosis and background, were performed on WSI and optimized via an expert-in-the-loop (EITL) iterative procedure using a lightweight [random forest (RF)] classifier. A convolution neural network (CNN)-based model was used to achieve tissue-level multiclass segmentation. The model was trained on 25 annotated WSI from 13 cases of ADCA and SCCA within and without fibrosis and then applied to the 76-case cohort. The TME analysis included tumor stroma ratio (TSR), tumor fibrosis ratio (TFR), tumor inflammation ratio (TIR), tumor vessel ratio (TVR), tumor necrosis ratio (TNR), and tumor background ratio (TBR). RESULTS The model's overall classification for precision, sensitivity, and F1-score were 94%, 90%, and 91%, respectively. Statistically significant differences were noted in TSR (p = 0.041) and TFR (p = 0.001) between fibrotic and non-fibrotic ADCA. Within fibrotic lung, statistically significant differences were present in TFR (p = 0.039), TIR (p = 0.003), TVR (p = 0.041), TNR (p = 0.0003), and TBR (p = 0.020) between ADCA and SCCA. CONCLUSION The combined EITL-RF CNN model using only H&E WSI can facilitate multiclass evaluation and quantification of the TME. There are significant differences in the TME of ADCA and SCCA present within or without background fibrosis. Future studies are needed to determine the significance of TME on prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Saqi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, VC14-215, 10032, USA.
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Department of Radiation Physics, Atlantic Health System, New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Michelle Garlin Politis
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, VC14-215, 10032, USA
| | - Mary Salvatore
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sachin Jambawalikar
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Ding DY, Jiang SY, Zu YX, Yang Y, Gan XJ, Yuan SX, Zhou WP. Collagen in hepatocellular carcinoma: A novel biomarker and therapeutic target. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0489. [PMID: 38967581 PMCID: PMC11227359 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
HCC is globally recognized as a major health threat. Despite significant progress in the development of treatment strategies for liver cancer, recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance remain key factors leading to a poor prognosis for the majority of liver cancer patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. Collagen, the most abundant and diverse protein in the tumor microenvironment, is highly expressed in various solid tumors and plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of tumors. Recent studies have shown that abnormal expression of collagen in the tumor microenvironment is closely related to the occurrence, development, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and treatment of liver cancer, making it a potential therapeutic target and a possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC. This article provides a comprehensive review of the structure, classification, and origin of collagen, as well as its role in the progression and treatment of HCC and its potential clinical value, offering new insights into the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-yang Ding
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shu-ya Jiang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yun-xi Zu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-jie Gan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-xian Yuan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wei-ping Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Alshehri AM, Wilson OC. Biomimetic Hydrogel Strategies for Cancer Therapy. Gels 2024; 10:437. [PMID: 39057460 PMCID: PMC11275631 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in biomimetic hydrogel research have expanded the scope of biomedical technologies that can be used to model, diagnose, and treat a wide range of medical conditions. Cancer presents one of the most intractable challenges in this arena due to the surreptitious mechanisms that it employs to evade detection and treatment. In order to address these challenges, biomimetic design principles can be adapted to beat cancer at its own game. Biomimetic design strategies are inspired by natural biological systems and offer promising opportunities for developing life-changing methods to model, detect, diagnose, treat, and cure various types of static and metastatic cancers. In particular, focusing on the cellular and subcellular phenomena that serve as fundamental drivers for the peculiar behavioral traits of cancer can provide rich insights into eradicating cancer in all of its manifestations. This review highlights promising developments in biomimetic nanocomposite hydrogels that contribute to cancer therapies via enhanced drug delivery strategies and modeling cancer mechanobiology phenomena in relation to metastasis and synergistic sensing systems. Creative efforts to amplify biomimetic design research to advance the development of more effective cancer therapies will be discussed in alignment with international collaborative goals to cure cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awatef M. Alshehri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Department of Nanomedicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdelaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Otto C. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
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Qi Y, Wang Y, Yuan J, Xu Y, Pan H. Unveiling the therapeutic promise: exploring Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA) signaling in malignant bone tumors for novel cancer treatments. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:204. [PMID: 38943207 PMCID: PMC11212261 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant bone tumors, including primary bone cancer and metastatic bone tumors, are a significant clinical challenge due to their high frequency of presentation, poor prognosis and lack of effective treatments and therapies. Bone tumors are often accompanied by skeletal complications such as bone destruction and cancer-induced bone pain. However, the mechanisms involved in bone cancer progression, bone metastasis and skeletal complications remain unclear. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), an intercellular lipid signaling molecule that exerts a wide range of biological effects mainly through specifically binding to LPA receptors (LPARs), has been found to be present at high levels in the ascites of bone tumor patients. Numerous studies have suggested that LPA plays a role in primary malignant bone tumors, bone metastasis, and skeletal complications. In this review, we summarize the role of LPA signaling in primary bone cancer, bone metastasis and skeletal complications. Modulating LPA signaling may represent a novel avenue for future therapeutic treatments for bone cancer, potentially improving patient prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Qi
- Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Yukai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Yuan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China
| | - Haili Pan
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, No. 266 Fenghe North Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330038, P. R. China.
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Nguyen HTM, Das N, Ricks M, Zhong X, Takematsu E, Wang Y, Ruvalcaba C, Mehadji B, Roncali E, Chan CKF, Pratx G. Ultrasensitive and multiplexed tracking of single cells using whole-body PET/CT. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk5747. [PMID: 38875333 PMCID: PMC11177933 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk5747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
In vivo molecular imaging tools are crucially important for elucidating how cells move through complex biological systems; however, achieving single-cell sensitivity over the entire body remains challenging. Here, we report a highly sensitive and multiplexed approach for tracking upward of 20 single cells simultaneously in the same subject using positron emission tomography (PET). The method relies on a statistical tracking algorithm (PEPT-EM) to achieve a sensitivity of 4 becquerel per cell and a streamlined workflow to reliably label single cells with over 50 becquerel per cell of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). To demonstrate the potential of the method, we tracked the fate of more than 70 melanoma cells after intracardiac injection and found they primarily arrested in the small capillaries of the pulmonary, musculoskeletal, and digestive organ systems. This study bolsters the evolving potential of PET in offering unmatched insights into the earliest phases of cell trafficking in physiological and pathological processes and in cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu T. M. Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Neeladrisingha Das
- School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Ricks
- School of Medicine, Department of Radiological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaoxu Zhong
- School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eri Takematsu
- School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carlos Ruvalcaba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Brahim Mehadji
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Emilie Roncali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Charles K. F. Chan
- School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Guillem Pratx
- School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Ahmadpour S, Habibi MA, Ghazi FS, Molazadeh M, Pashaie MR, Mohammadpour Y. The effects of tumor-derived supernatants (TDS) on cancer cell progression: A review and update on carcinogenesis and immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2024; 40:100823. [PMID: 38875884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Tumors can produce bioactive substances called tumor-derived supernatants (TDS) that modify the immune response in the host body. This can result in immunosuppressive effects that promote the growth and spread of cancer. During tumorigenesis, the exudation of these substances can disrupt the function of immune sentinels in the host and reinforce the support for cancer cell growth. Tumor cells produce cytokines, growth factors, and proteins, which contribute to the progression of the tumor and the formation of premetastatic niches. By understanding how cancer cells influence the host immune system through the secretion of these factors, we can gain new insights into cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ahmadpour
- Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Habibi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mikaeil Molazadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pashaie
- Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadpour
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Miyata T, Shinden Y, Motoyama S, Sannomiya Y, Tamezawa H, Nagayama T, Nishiki H, Hashimoto A, Kaida D, Fujita H, Ueda N, Takamura H. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease May Be a Risk Factor for Liver Metastasis After Radical Surgery for Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:932-939. [PMID: 38502514 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Distant metastasis develops in approximately one-third of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who undergo radical surgery, and colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is the most common form of distant metastasis in CRC. Hepatectomy is the only potentially curative treatment for CRLM, but few patients with metastatic CRC meet the criteria for this radical resection, and the 5-year survival rate is poor. Identifying risk factors for CRLM is critical. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an independent risk factor for CRC. However, the effect of NAFLD on CRC liver metastasis after radical surgery remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the impact of NAFLD-associated hepatic fibrosis on liver metastasis after radical surgery for CRC. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 388 patients who underwent curative surgery for CRC at our hospital between April 2008 and March 2015. The patients' clinical results, surgical procedures, postoperative course, and pathological and survival data were collected from the hospital records. The NAFLD fibrosis score was calculated and used to divide the patients into two groups (NAFLD and non-NAFLD). RESULTS Recurrence was observed in 83/388 (21.4%) patients after a mean follow-up of 65.6 ± 15.1 months. Twenty-five patients had liver metastasis: 8 in the NAFLD group (8/45; 17.8%) and 17 in the non-NALFD group (17/343; 5.0%) (p = 0.004). Liver metastasis-free survival was significantly worse in the NAFLD than non-NAFLD group (p < 0.001). NAFLD and cancer stage were independent risk factors for liver metastasis recurrence. CONCLUSION NAFLD may be a risk factor for liver metastasis in patients with CRC who undergo curative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miyata
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Yuki Shinden
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Shota Motoyama
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuta Sannomiya
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hozumi Tamezawa
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Taigo Nagayama
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hisashi Nishiki
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Akifumi Hashimoto
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kaida
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hideto Fujita
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ueda
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takamura
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Thakur C, Qiu Y, Pawar A, Chen F. Epigenetic regulation of breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:597-619. [PMID: 37857941 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Recurrent metastasis is associated with poor patient outcomes and poses a significant challenge in breast cancer therapies. Cancer cells adapting to a new tissue microenvironment is the key event in distant metastasis development, where the disseminating tumor cells are likely to acquire genetic and epigenetic alterations during the process of metastatic colonization. Despite several decades of research in this field, the exact mechanisms governing metastasis are not fully understood. However, emerging body of evidence indicates that in addition to genetic changes, epigenetic reprogramming of cancer cells and the metastatic niche are paramount toward successful metastasis. Here, we review and discuss the latest knowledge about the salient attributes of metastasis and epigenetic regulation in breast cancer and crucial research domains that need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Thakur
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Yiran Qiu
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Aashna Pawar
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Fei Chen
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Lauterbur Drive, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
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14
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Ye Z, Chen W, Li G, Huang J, Lei J. Tissue-derived extracellular vesicles in cancer progression: mechanisms, roles, and potential applications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:575-595. [PMID: 37851319 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles that mediate vital cellular communication by transferring cargo between cells. Among these, tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (Ti-EVs) stand out due to their origin from the tissue microenvironment, providing a more accurate reflection of changes in this setting. This unique advantage makes Ti-EVs valuable in investigating the intricate relationship between extracellular vesicles and cancer progression. Despite considerable research efforts exploring the association between Ti-EVs and cancers, a comprehensive clustering or grouping of these studies remains lacking. In this review, we aim to fill this gap by presenting a comprehensive synthesis of the mechanisms underlying Ti-EV generation, release, and transport within cancer tissues. Moreover, we delve into the pivotal roles that Ti-EVs play in cancer progression, shedding light on their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The review culminates in the construction of a comprehensive functional spectrum of Ti-EVs, providing a valuable reference for future research endeavors. By summarizing the current state of knowledge on Ti-EVs and their significance in tumor biology, this work contributes to a deeper understanding of cancer microenvironment dynamics and opens up avenues for harnessing Ti-EVs in diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Ye
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Genpeng Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianyong Lei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Zhang W, Ling J, Xu B, Wang J, Chen Z, Li G. Gut microbiome-mediated monocytes promote liver metastasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:111877. [PMID: 38608440 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays an important role in tumor growth by regulating immune cell function. However, the role of the gut microbiome-mediated monocytes in liver metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we found that fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) from the stool of patients with liver metastasis (LM) significantly promoted liver metastasis compared with healthy donors (HD). Monocytes were upregulated in liver tissues by the CCL2/CCR2 axis in LM patients' stool transplanted mouse model. CCL2/CCR2 inhibition and monocyte depletion significantly suppress liver metastasis. FMT using LM patients' stool enhanced the plasma lipopolysaccharides (LPS) concentration. The LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway is crucial for gut microbiome-mediated liver metastasis. These results indicated that monocytes contribute to liver metastasis via the CCL2/CCR2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Jie Ling
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Baiying Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Zexu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201200, China.
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Dhungel N, Dragoi AM. Exploring the multifaceted role of direct interaction between cancer cells and fibroblasts in cancer progression. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1379971. [PMID: 38863965 PMCID: PMC11165130 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1379971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the cancer cells is a complex and mutually beneficial system that leads to rapid cancer cells proliferation, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. It is now recognized that cancer cells are not isolated, and tumor progression is governed among others, by many components of the TME. The reciprocal cross-talk between cancer cells and their microenvironment can be indirect through the secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and paracrine signaling through exosomes, cytokines, and growth factors, or direct by cell-to-cell contact mediated by cell surface receptors and adhesion molecules. Among TME components, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are of unique interest. As one of the most abundant components of the TME, CAFs play key roles in the reorganization of the extracellular matrix, facilitating metastasis and chemotherapy evasion. Both direct and indirect roles have been described for CAFs in modulating tumor progression. In this review, we focus on recent advances in understanding the role of direct contact between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in driving tumor development and metastasis. We also summarize recent findings on the role of direct contact between cancer cells and CAFs in chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilu Dhungel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSUHSC, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Ana-Maria Dragoi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSUHSC, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, INLET Core, LSUHSC, Shreveport, LA, United States
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Jia Y, Zhang F, Meng X, Andreev D, Lyu P, Zhang W, Lai C, Schett G, Bozec A. Osteocytes support bone metastasis of melanoma cells by CXCL5. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216866. [PMID: 38589005 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a common complication of certain cancers such as melanoma. The spreading of cancer cells into the bone is supported by changes in the bone marrow environment. The specific role of osteocytes in this process is yet to be defined. By RNA-seq and chemokines screening we show that osteocytes release the chemokine CXCL5 when they are exposed to melanoma cells. Osteocytes-mediated CXCL5 secretion enhanced the migratory and invasive behaviour of melanoma cells. When the expression of the CXCL5 receptor, CXCR2, was down-regulated in melanoma cells in vitro, we observed a significant decrease in melanoma cell migration in response to osteocytes. Furthermore, melanoma cells with down-regulated CXCR2 expression showed less bone metastasis and less bone loss in the bone metastasis model in vivo. Furthermore, when simultaneously down-regulating CXCL5 in osteocytes and CXCR2 in melanoma cells, melanoma progression was abrogated in vivo. In summary, these data suggest a significant role of osteocytes in bone metastasis of melanoma, which is mediated through the CXCL5-CXCR2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewei Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fulin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xianyi Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Darja Andreev
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pang Lyu
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wenshuo Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chaobo Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
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18
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Jalil SMA, Henry JC, Cameron AJM. Targets in the Tumour Matrisome to Promote Cancer Therapy Response. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1847. [PMID: 38791926 PMCID: PMC11119821 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of complex fibrillar proteins, proteoglycans, and macromolecules, generated by stromal, immune, and cancer cells. The components and organisation of the matrix evolves as tumours progress to invasive disease and metastasis. In many solid tumours, dense fibrotic ECM has been hypothesised to impede therapy response by limiting drug and immune cell access. Interventions to target individual components of the ECM, collectively termed the matrisome, have, however, revealed complex tumour-suppressor, tumour-promoter, and immune-modulatory functions, which have complicated clinical translation. The degree to which distinct components of the matrisome can dictate tumour phenotypes and response to therapy is the subject of intense study. A primary aim is to identify therapeutic opportunities within the matrisome, which might support a better response to existing therapies. Many matrix signatures have been developed which can predict prognosis, immune cell content, and immunotherapy responses. In this review, we will examine key components of the matrisome which have been associated with advanced tumours and therapy resistance. We have primarily focussed here on targeting matrisome components, rather than specific cell types, although several examples are described where cells of origin can dramatically affect tumour roles for matrix components. As we unravel the complex biochemical, biophysical, and intracellular transduction mechanisms associated with the ECM, numerous therapeutic opportunities will be identified to modify tumour progression and therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angus J. M. Cameron
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.M.A.J.); (J.C.H.)
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Jiang M, Chen R, Hu B, Xiong S, Li S, Fu B, Liu X. FATP2 activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by inhibiting ATF3 and promotes the occurrence and development of bladder cancer. Cell Signal 2024; 117:111087. [PMID: 38316266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is ranked among the main causes of mortality in male cancer patients, and research into targeted therapies guided by its genomics and molecular biology has been a prominent focus in BLCA studies. Fatty acid transporter protein 2 (FATP2), a member of the FATPs family,is a key contributor to the progression of cancers such as hepatocellular carcinomas and melanomas.However,its role in BLCA remains poorly understand. This study delved into the function of FATP2 in BLCA through a succession of experiments in vivo and in vitro, employing techniques as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), RNA sequencing, transwell assays, immunofluorescence, western blot,and others to dissect its mechanistic actions. The findings revealed that an oncogenic function is executed by FATP2 in bladder cancer, significantly impacting the proliferation and migration capabilities, thereby affecting the prognosis of BLCA patients. Furthermore, A suppression that relies on both time and concentration of BLCA proliferation and migration, trigger of apoptosis, and blockage of the cell cycle at the G2/M phase were observed when the inhibitor of FATP2, Lipofermata, was applied. It was unveiled through subsequent investigations that ATF3 expression is indirectly promoted by Lipofermata through the inhibition of FATP2, ultimately inhibiting the signal transduction of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. This effect was also responsible for the inhibitory impact on BLCA proliferation. Therefore, FATP2 emerges as an auspicious and emerging molecular target with potential applications in precision therapy in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi,China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital of Fujian Medical Unerversity, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Situ Xiong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi,China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi,China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi,China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi,China.
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Su X, Liu J, Tu Z, Ji Q, Li J, Liu F. DNMT3A promotes glioma growth and malignancy via TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:1786-1806. [PMID: 38737693 PMCID: PMC11082822 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Background DNMT3A is the main molecule responsible for DNA methylation in cells. DNMT3A affects the progression of inflammation, degenerative diseases, and malignant tumors, and exhibits significant aberrantly expression in tumor tissues. Methods Transcriptome data and relevant clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Differential expression analysis and prognostic analysis were conducted based on above statistics. We constructed a clinical prognostic model and identified DNMT3A as an independent prognostic factor to accurately predict patient prognosis. Differential gene enrichment analysis revealed that DNMT3A affects the progression of glioma through multiple pathways, among which the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway shows a strong correlation. Immunological analysis also revealed a certain correlation between DNMT3A and tumor immunity. We demonstrated through gene editing that DNMT3A can affect the release of TNF-α in cells, thereby affecting the progression of glioma. Functional experiments have also demonstrated that DNMT3A plays a crucial role in tumors. Results RNA-sequencing and survival analyses of lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients in TCGA, CGGA, and GEO cohorts showed that high DNMT3A expression correlated with poor prognosis of LGG patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that DNMT3A expression was an independent prognostic indicator in LGG. The prognosis prediction nomogram with age, World Health Organization (WHO) grading, and DNMT3A expression showed reliable performance in predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) of LGG patients. Functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and ESTIMATE algorithm analyses showed that DNMT3A expression was associated with the tumor infiltration of immune cells and predicted response to immunotherapy in two immunotherapy cohorts of pan-cancer patients. Furthermore, short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of DNMT3A in the LGG cell lines suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of LGG cells by downregulating the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions Our data showed that DNMT3A was a potential prognostic biomarker in glioma. DNMT3A promoted proliferation and malignancy of LGG cells through the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway. DNMT3A is a promising therapeutic target for treating patients with LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Su
- Department of Pathology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junzhe Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neurological Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zewei Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Neurological Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiankun Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
| | - Jingying Li
- Department of Comprehensive Intensive Care Unit, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fanrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Russo A, Patanè V, Fusco L, Faggioni L, Boschetti CE, Santagata M, Neri E, Cappabianca S, Reginelli A. Reliability of Ultrasonographic Assessment of Depth of Invasion and Tumor Thickness in Intraoral Mucosa Lesions: A Preliminary Experience. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2595. [PMID: 38731124 PMCID: PMC11084595 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the progress made in multidisciplinary care, there has been little improvement in the oncologic outcomes of oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). In the latest edition of the TNM staging, "depth of invasion" (DOI) has recently been introduced as one of the criteria for determining the T stage, alongside other factors. DOI is widely recognized as an independent risk factor for nodal metastases and is a crucial consideration in the preoperative staging of OSCCs, along with measurements of tumor thickness (TT). While various diagnostic methods exist for assessing DOI, intraoral ultrasonography (IOUS) has gained popularity for its efficacy in evaluating OSCCs. Methods: This study sought to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) in assessing oral cavity lesions compared to histopathological analysis. Results: The results revealed strong reliability in ultrasonographic measurements (ICC TT: 0.94; ICC DOI: 0.97) and distinct ultrasonographic features specific to different oral pathologies. This highlights the potential of UHFUS as a non-invasive imaging tool for precise diagnostic evaluations. Conclusions: Despite limitations such as a small sample size and focus on specific lesions, these promising results suggest that UHFUS could significantly enhance oral lesion diagnostics. Further research involving larger cohorts is necessary to validate and build upon these initial findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Russo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vittorio Patanè
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigia Fusco
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Faggioni
- Department of Translational Research, Academic Radiology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.F.)
| | - Ciro Emiliano Boschetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Santagata
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Neri
- Department of Translational Research, Academic Radiology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.F.)
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Reginelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy
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22
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Liu R, Zhao Y, Su S, Kwabil A, Njoku PC, Yu H, Li X. Unveiling cancer dormancy: Intrinsic mechanisms and extrinsic forces. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216899. [PMID: 38649107 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Tumor cells disseminate in various distant organs at early stages of cancer progression. These disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can stay dormant/quiescent without causing patient symptoms for years or decades. These dormant tumor cells survive despite curative treatments by entering growth arrest, escaping immune surveillance, and/or developing drug resistance. However, these dormant cells can reactivate to proliferate, causing metastatic progression and/or relapse, posing a threat to patients' survival. It's unclear how cancer cells maintain dormancy and what triggers their reactivation. What are better approaches to prevent metastatic progression and relapse through harnessing cancer dormancy? To answer these remaining questions, we reviewed the studies of tumor dormancy and reactivation in various types of cancer using different model systems, including the brief history of dormancy studies, the intrinsic characteristics of dormant cells, and the external cues at the cellular and molecular levels. Furthermore, we discussed future directions in the field and the strategies for manipulating dormancy to prevent metastatic progression and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010070, China; Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Yawei Zhao
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Shang Su
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Augustine Kwabil
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Prisca Chinonso Njoku
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Haiquan Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010070, China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
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23
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Booijink R, Terstappen LWMM, Dathathri E, Isebia K, Kraan J, Martens J, Bansal R. Identification of functional and diverse circulating cancer-associated fibroblasts in metastatic castration-naïve prostate cancer patients. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38634185 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer (PCa), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumor progression, drug resistance, and metastasis. Although circulating tumor cells are studied as prognostic and diagnostic markers, little is known about other circulating cells and their association with PCa metastasis. Here, we explored the presence of circulating CAFs (cCAFs) in metastatic castration-naïve prostate cancer (mCNPC) patients. cCAFs were stained with fibroblast activation protein (FAP), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), and receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (CD45), then FAP+EpCAM- cCAFs were enumerated and sorted using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. FAP+EpCAM- cCAFs ranged from 60 to 776 (389 mean ± 229 SD) per 2 × 108 mononuclear cells, whereas, in healthy donors, FAP+ EpCAM- cCAFs ranged from 0 to 71 (28 mean ± 22 SD). The mCNPC-derived cCAFs showed positivity for vimentin and intracellular collagen-I. They were viable and functional after sorting, as confirmed by single-cell collagen-I secretion after 48 h of culturing. Two cCAF subpopulations, FAP+CD45- and FAP+CD45+, were identified, both expressing collagen-I and vimentin, but with distinctly different morphologies. Collectively, this study demonstrates the presence of functional and viable circulating CAFs in mCNPC patients, suggesting the role of these cells in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richell Booijink
- Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Department of Bioengineering Technologies, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Leon W M M Terstappen
- Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Germany
| | - Eshwari Dathathri
- Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Khrystany Isebia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco Kraan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Department of Bioengineering Technologies, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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24
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Gupta S, Singh B, Abhishek R, Gupta S, Sachan M. The emerging role of liquid biopsy in oral squamous cell carcinoma detection: advantages and challenges. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:311-331. [PMID: 38607339 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2340997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), the sixth most widespread malignancy in the world, accounts for 90% of all cases of oral cancer. The primary risk factors are tobacco chewing, alcohol consumption, viral infection, and genetic modifications. OSCC has a high morbidity rate due to the lack of early diagnostic methods. Nowadays, liquid biopsy plays a vital role in the initial diagnosis of oral cancer. ctNAs extracted from saliva and serum/plasma offer meaningful insights into tumor genetics and dynamics. The interplay of these elements in saliva and serum/plasma showcases their significance in advancing noninvasive, effective OSCC detection and monitoring. AREAS COVERED This review mainly focused on the role of liquid biopsy as an emerging point in the diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC and the current advancements and challenges associated with liquid biopsy. EXPERT OPINION Liquid biopsy is regarded as a new, minimally invasive, real-time monitoring tool for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Many biomolecules found in bodily fluids, including ctDNA, ctRNA, CTCs, and EVs, are significant biomarkers to identify cancer in its early stages. Despite these groundbreaking strides, challenges persist. Standardization of sample collection, isolation, processing, and detection methods is imperative for ensuring result reproducibility across diverse studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Brijesh Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Rajul Abhishek
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Motilal Nehru Medical College, Prayagraj, India
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Manisha Sachan
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
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25
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Zolotykh MA, Mingazova LA, Filina YV, Blatt NL, Nesterova AI, Sabirov AG, Rizvanov AA, Miftakhova RR. Cancer of unknown primary and the «seed and soil» hypothesis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104297. [PMID: 38350543 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The worldwide incidence rate of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) reaches 5% (Kang et al, 2021; Lee, Sanoff, 2020; Yang et al, 2022). CUP has an alarmingly high mortality rate, with 84% of patients succumbing within the first year following diagnosis (Registration and Service, 2018). Under normal circumstances, tumor cell metastasis follows the «seed and soil» hypothesis, displaying a tissue-specific pattern of cancer cell homing behavior based on the microenvironment composition of secondary organs. In this study, we questioned whether seed and soil concept applies to CUP, and whether the pattern of tumor and metastasis manifestations for cancer of known primary (CKP) can be used to inform diagnostic strategies for CUP. We compared data from metastatic and primary CUP foci to the metastasis patterns observed in CKP. Furthermore, we evaluated several techniques for identifying the tissue-of-origin (TOO) in CUP profiling, including DNA, RNA, and epigenetic TOO techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya A Zolotykh
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Leysan A Mingazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Yuliya V Filina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Nataliya L Blatt
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Alfiya I Nesterova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation; Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after prof. M.Z.Sigal, Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexey G Sabirov
- Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after prof. M.Z.Sigal, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Regina R Miftakhova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
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26
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Valenzuela Alvarez MJP, Gutierrez LM, Bayo JM, Cantero MJ, Garcia MG, Bolontrade MF. Osteosarcoma cells exhibit functional interactions with stromal cells, fostering a lung microenvironment conducive to the establishment of metastatic tumor cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:467. [PMID: 38551765 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09315-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) stands out as the most common bone tumor, with approximately 20% of the patients receiving a diagnosis of metastatic OS at their initial assessment. A significant challenge lies in the frequent existence of undetected metastases during the initial diagnosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess unique abilities that facilitate tumor growth, and their interaction with OS cells is crucial for metastatic spread. METHODS AND RESULTS We demonstrated that, in vitro, MSCs exhibited a heightened migration response toward the secretome of non-metastatic OS cells. When challenged to a secretome derived from lungs preloaded with OS cells, MSCs exhibited greater migration toward lungs colonized with metastatic OS cells. Moreover, in vivo, MSCs displayed preferential migratory and homing behavior toward lungs colonized by metastatic OS cells. Metastatic OS cells, in turn, demonstrated an increased migratory response to the MSCs' secretome. This behavior was associated with heightened cathepsin D (CTSD) expression and the release of active metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) by metastatic OS cells. CONCLUSIONS Our assessment focused on two complementary tumor capabilities crucial to metastatic spread, emphasizing the significance of inherent cell features. The findings underscore the pivotal role of signaling integration within the niche, with a complex interplay of migratory responses among established OS cells in the lungs, prometastatic OS cells in the primary tumor, and circulating MSCs. Pulmonary metastases continue to be a significant factor contributing to OS mortality. Understanding these mechanisms and identifying differentially expressed genes is essential for pinpointing markers and targets to manage metastatic spread and improve outcomes for patients with OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías J P Valenzuela Alvarez
- Remodeling Processes and cellular niches laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB)-CONICET-Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA)-Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), 4240, C1199ACL, Potosí, CABA, Argentina
| | - Luciana M Gutierrez
- Remodeling Processes and cellular niches laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB)-CONICET-Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA)-Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), 4240, C1199ACL, Potosí, CABA, Argentina
| | - Juan M Bayo
- IIMT-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Perón 1500, EPB1629AHJ, Pilar, Argentina
| | - María J Cantero
- IIMT-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Perón 1500, EPB1629AHJ, Pilar, Argentina
| | - Mariana G Garcia
- IIMT-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Av. Perón 1500, EPB1629AHJ, Pilar, Argentina
| | - Marcela F Bolontrade
- Remodeling Processes and cellular niches laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB)-CONICET-Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires (HIBA)-Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), 4240, C1199ACL, Potosí, CABA, Argentina.
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27
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Luo Q, Quan Y, Liu W, Wu Z, Qiu W, Liang W, Yang P, Huang Q, Li G, Wei J, Wang Q, Shen F, Li W, He F, Cao J. Seed and Soil: Consensus Molecular Subgroups (CMS) and Tumor Microenvironment Features Between Primary Lesions and Metastases of Different Organ Sites in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2024; 16:225-243. [PMID: 38525373 PMCID: PMC10961079 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s441675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) are mainly used for biological interpretability and clinical stratification of colorectal cancer (CRC) in primary tumors (PT) but few in metastases. The heterogeneity of CMS distribution in metastases and the concordance of CMS between PT and metastases still lack sufficient study. We used CMS to classify CRC metastases and combine it with histopathological analysis to explore differences between PT and distant metastases. Patients and Methods We obtained gene expression profiles for 942 PT samples from TCGA database (n=376) and GEO database (n=566), as well as 442 metastasis samples from GEO database. Among these, 765 PT samples and 442 metastasis samples were confidently identified with CMS using the "CMS classifier" and enrolled for analysis. Clinicopathological manifestation and CMS classification of CRC metastases were assessed with data from GEO, TCGA, and cBioPortal. Overall, 105 PT-metastasis pairs were extracted from 10 GEO datasets to assess CMS concordance. Tumor microenvironment (TME) features between PT and metastases were analyzed by immune-stromal infiltration with ESTIMATE and xCell algorithms. Finally, TME features were validated with multiplex immunohistochemistry in 27 PT-metastasis pairs we retrospectively collected. Results Up to 64% of CRC metastases exhibited concordant CMS groups with matched PT, and the TME of metastases was similar to that of PT. For most common distant metastases, liver metastases were predominantly CMS2 and lung and peritoneal metastases were mainly CMS4, highlighting "seed" of tumor cells of different CMS groups had a preference for metastasis to "soil" of specific organs. Compared with PT, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) reduced in liver metastases, CD4+T cells and M2-like macrophages increased in lung metastases, and M2-like macrophages and CAF increased in peritoneal metastases. Conclusion Our findings underscore the importance of CMS-guided specific organ monitoring and treatment post-primary tumor surgery for patients. Differences in immune-stromal infiltration among different metastases provide targeted therapeutic opportunities for metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibo Quan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixin Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Qiu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanwei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianchang Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanglin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng He
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Christ SM, Pohl K, Willmann J, Heesen P, Heusel A, Ahmadsei M, Kühnis A, Vlaskou Badra E, Muehlematter UJ, Mayinger M, Balermpas P, Andratschke N, Zaorsky N, Huellner M, Guckenberger M. Patterns of metastatic spread and tumor burden in unselected cancer patients using PET imaging: Implications for the oligometastatic spectrum theory. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 45:100724. [PMID: 38288311 PMCID: PMC10823052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and background Metastatic disease has been proposed as a continuum, with no clear cut-off between oligometastatic and polymetastatic disease. This study aims to quantify tumor burden and patterns of spread in unselected metastatic cancer patients referred for PET-based staging, response assessment of restaging. Materials and methods All oncological fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA-) positron emission tomography (PET) scans conducted at a single academic center in 2020 were analyzed. Imaging reports of all patients with metastatic disease were reviewed and assessed. Results For this study, 7,000 PET scans were screened. One third of PET scans (n = 1,754; 33 %) from 1,155 unique patients showed presence of metastatic disease from solid malignancies, of which 601 (52 %) and 554 (48 %) were classified as oligometastatic (maximum 5 metastases) and polymetastatic (>5 metastases), respectively. Lung and pleural cancer, skin cancer, and breast cancer were the most common primary tumor histologies with 132 (23.8 %), 88 (15.9 %), and 72 (13.0 %) cases, respectively. Analysis of the number of distant metastases showed a strong bimodal distribution of the metastatic burden with 26 % of patients having one solitary metastasis and 43 % of patients harboring >10 metastases. Yet, despite 43 % of polymetastatic patients having >10 distant metastases, their pattern of distribution was restricted to one or two organs in about two thirds of patients, and there was no association between the number of distant metastases and the number of involved organs. Conclusion The majority of metastatic cancer patients are characterized by either a solitary metastasis or a high tumor burden with >10 metastases, the latter was often associated with affecting a limited number of organs. These findings support both the spectrum theory of metastasis and the seed and soil hypothesis and can support in designing the next generation of clinical trials in the field of oligometastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian M. Christ
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar Pohl
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Willmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, ETH Domain, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Philip Heesen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Heusel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maiwand Ahmadsei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Kühnis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Vlaskou Badra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs J. Muehlematter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Mayinger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolaus Andratschke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas Zaorsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Martin Huellner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Mun S, Lee HJ, Kim P. Rebuilding the microenvironment of primary tumors in humans: a focus on stroma. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:527-548. [PMID: 38443595 PMCID: PMC10984944 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional tumor models have critical shortcomings in that they lack the complexity of the human stroma. The heterogeneous stroma is a central compartment of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that must be addressed in cancer research and precision medicine. To fully model the human tumor stroma, the deconstruction and reconstruction of tumor tissues have been suggested as new approaches for in vitro tumor modeling. In this review, we summarize the heterogeneity of tumor-associated stromal cells and general deconstruction approaches used to isolate patient-specific stromal cells from tumor tissue; we also address the effect of the deconstruction procedure on the characteristics of primary cells. Finally, perspectives on the future of reconstructed tumor models are discussed, with an emphasis on the essential prerequisites for developing authentic humanized tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwon Mun
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Pilnam Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
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30
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Tutzauer J, Larsson AM, Aaltonen K, Bergenfelz C, Bendahl PO, Rydén L. Gene expression in metastatic breast cancer-patterns in primary tumors and metastatic tissue with prognostic potential. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1343979. [PMID: 38449790 PMCID: PMC10916684 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1343979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is the main cause of breast cancer-related death. The outcome of MBC varies, and there is a lack of biomarkers to aid in prognostication. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of gene expression (GEX) signatures in the primary tumor (PT) and distant metastasis (DM) for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The secondary aim was to describe GEX changes through MBC evolution and to identify MBC subtypes. Methods: RNA was extracted from the PT, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and DM from MBC patients in a prospective observational study (n = 142; CTC-MBC NCT01322893) and was subjected to GEX analysis retrospectively using the NanoString Breast Cancer 360™ panel. 31 continuous GEX variables in DMs and PTs were analyzed for PFS and OS by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier estimates. Multivariable Cox regressions were adjusted for number of DM sites and CTCs, visceral metastasis, ECOG status, age at MBC diagnosis and, in additional analyses, PAM50 subtype. Differential GEX analyses and Euclidean distances were used to describe subgroup differences and visualize within-patient heterogeneity. Results: Compared to DM GEX, GEX of the PT was at least equally useful for predicting MBC outcome. The strongest marker for a favorable PFS, both when expressed in the PT and the DM was AR, even after adjustment for prognostic markers including PAM50. GEX signatures related to hormone responsiveness, including ESR1, FOXA1, PGR, and AR were favorable prognostic markers, and the p53 signature was unfavorable for PFS when expressed in PT or DM. The previously published PAM50MET signature was prognostic for both PFS and OS. We established five distinct DM GEX profiles where two associated with liver and bone metastases, respectively. Finally, we identified four DM GEX profiles able to identify MBCs with poor OS in this cohort. Conclusion: GEX of both DM and PT are useful in MBC prognostication. GEX of AR adds prognostic information for MBC. Our descriptive analyses illuminate the biological differences between MBCs in relation to outcome and metastatic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tutzauer
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna-Maria Larsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Aaltonen
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Caroline Bergenfelz
- Division of Experimental Infection Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Pär-Ola Bendahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lisa Rydén
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Surgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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31
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Bandini S, Ulivi P, Rossi T. Extracellular Vesicles, Circulating Tumor Cells, and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Hints and Promises. Cells 2024; 13:337. [PMID: 38391950 PMCID: PMC10887032 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, in particular lung cancer, while the introduction of predictive biomarkers from liquid biopsies has emerged as a promising tool to achieve an effective and personalized therapy response. Important progress has also been made in the molecular characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), highlighting their tremendous potential in modulating the tumor microenvironment, acting on immunomodulatory pathways, and setting up the pre-metastatic niche. Surface antigens on EVs and CTCs have proved to be particularly useful in the case of the characterization of potential immune escape mechanisms through the expression of immunosuppressive ligands or the transport of cargos that may mitigate the antitumor immune function. On the other hand, novel approaches, to increase the expression of immunostimulatory molecules or cargo contents that can enhance the immune response, offer premium options in combinatorial clinical strategies for precision immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the identification of immune checkpoints using EVs and CTCs, their potential applications as predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy, and their prospective use as innovative clinical tools, considering that CTCs have already been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use, but providing good reasons to intensify the research on both.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (S.B.); (T.R.)
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Contino KF, Cook KL, Shiozawa Y. Bones and guts - Why the microbiome matters. J Bone Oncol 2024; 44:100523. [PMID: 38274305 PMCID: PMC10808965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of the gut microbiota in human health has become increasingly apparent in recent years, especially when the relationship between microbiota and host is no longer symbiotic. It has long been appreciated that gut dysbiosis can be detrimental to human health and is associated with numerous disease states. Only within the last decade, however, was the gut microbiota implicated in bone biology. Dubbed osteomicrobiology, this emerging field aims to understand the relationship between the gut microbiome and the bone microenvironment in both health and disease. Importantly, the key to one of the major clinical challenges facing both bone and cancer biologists: bone metastasis, may lie in the field of osteomicrobiology; however the link between gut bacteria and bone metastasis is only beginning to be explored. This review will discuss (i) osteomicrobiology as an emerging field, and (ii) the current understanding of osteomicrobiology in the context of cancer in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly F. Contino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Katherine L. Cook
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Tripathi S, Bhirud DP, Singh M, Singh V, Choudhary GR, Navriya S, Jena R, Sandhu AS. Early port site and peritoneal metastasis following robot-assisted radical cystectomy: a rare case report. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:32. [PMID: 38270652 PMCID: PMC10811027 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection is the recommended treatment for managing muscle-invasive carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Early recurrence is observed in only about 4.1% of cases. Port-site metastasis following robot-assisted radical cystectomy is extremely rare. We encountered a challenging and a rare case of bladder cancer that manifested with port-site and peritoneal metastasis within 6 weeks of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Tripathi
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Prakash Bhirud
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mahendra Singh
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Gautam Ram Choudhary
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shivcharan Navriya
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rahul Jena
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Arjun Singh Sandhu
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Winter J, Jepsen S. Role of innate host defense proteins in oral cancerogenesis. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38265172 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
It is nowadays well accepted that chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression. Under this aspect, the oral cavity is predestined to examine this connection because periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease and oral squamous cell carcinomas are the most common oral malignant lesions. In this review, we describe how particular molecules of the human innate host defense system may participate as molecular links between these two important chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Specific focus is directed toward antimicrobial polypeptides, such as the cathelicidin LL-37 and human defensins, as well as S100 proteins and alarmins. We report in which way these peptides and proteins are able to initiate and support oral tumorigenesis, showing direct mechanisms by binding to growth-stimulating cell surface receptors and/or indirect effects, for example, inducing tumor-promoting genes. Finally, bacterial challenges with impact on oral cancerogenesis are briefly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Winter
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Ligan C, Ma XH, Zhao SL, Zhao W. The regulatory role and mechanism of mast cells in tumor microenvironment. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1-15. [PMID: 38323271 PMCID: PMC10839313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) have emerged as pivotal contributors to both the defensive immune response and immunomodulation. They also exhibit regulatory functions in modulating pathological processes across various allergic diseases. The impact of MC presence within tumor tissues has garnered considerable attention, yielding conflicting findings. While some studies propose that MCs within tumor tissues promote tumor initiation and progression, others advocate an opposing perspective. Notably, evidence emphasizes the dual role of MCs in cancer, both as promoters and suppressors, is crucial for optimizing cancer treatment strategies. These conflicting viewpoints have generated substantial controversy, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of MC's role in tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryl Ligan
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Hua Ma
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu-Li Zhao
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Reinecke JB, Gross AC, Cam M, Garcia LJ, Cannon MV, Dries R, Gryder BE, Roberts RD. Aberrant activation of wound healing programs within the metastatic niche facilitates lung colonization by osteosarcoma cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.10.575008. [PMID: 38260361 PMCID: PMC10802507 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.575008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Lung metastasis is responsible for nearly all deaths caused by osteosarcoma, the most common pediatric bone tumor. How malignant bone cells coerce the lung microenvironment to support metastatic growth is unclear. This study delineates how osteosarcoma cells educate the lung microenvironment during metastatic progression. Experimental design Using single-cell transcriptomics (scRNA-seq), we characterized genome- and tissue-wide molecular changes induced within lung tissues by disseminated osteosarcoma cells in both immunocompetent murine models of metastasis and patient samples. We confirmed transcriptomic findings at the protein level and determined spatial relationships with multi-parameter immunofluorescence. We evaluated the ability of nintedanib to impair metastatic colonization and prevent osteosarcoma-induced education of the lung microenvironment in both immunocompetent murine osteosarcoma and immunodeficient human xenograft models. Results Osteosarcoma cells induced acute alveolar epithelial injury upon lung dissemination. scRNA-seq demonstrated that the surrounding lung stroma adopts a chronic, non-resolving wound-healing phenotype similar to that seen in other models of lung injury. Accordingly, metastasis-associated lung demonstrated marked fibrosis, likely due to the accumulation of pathogenic, pro-fibrotic, partially-differentiated epithelial intermediates. Inhibition of fibrotic pathways with nintedanib prevented metastatic progression in multiple murine and human xenograft models. Conclusions Our work demonstrates that osteosarcoma cells co-opt fibrosis to promote metastatic outgrowth. When harmonized with data from adult epithelial cancers, our results support a generalized model wherein aberrant mesenchymal-epithelial interactions are critical for promoting lung metastasis. Adult epithelial carcinomas induce fibrotic pathways in normal lung fibroblasts, whereas osteosarcoma, a pediatric mesenchymal tumor, exhibits fibrotic reprogramming in response to the aberrant wound-healing behaviors of an otherwise normal lung epithelium, which are induced by tumor cell interactions. Statement of translational relevance Therapies that block metastasis have the potential to save the majority of lives lost due to solid tumors. Disseminated tumor cells must educate the foreign, inhospitable microenvironments they encounter within secondary organs to facilitate metastatic colonization. Our study elucidated that disseminated osteosarcoma cells survive within the lung by co-opting and amplifying the lung's endogenous wound healing response program. More broadly, our results support a model wherein mesenchymal-epithelial cooperation is a key driver of lung metastasis. Osteosarcoma, a pediatric mesenchymal tumor, undergoes lung epithelial induced fibrotic activation while also transforming normal lung epithelial cells towards a fibrosis promoting phenotype. Conversely, adult epithelial carcinomas activate fibrotic signaling in normal lung mesenchymal fibroblasts. Our data implicates fibrosis and abnormal wound healing as key drivers of lung metastasis across multiple tumor types that can be targeted therapeutically to disrupt metastasis progression.
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Sun Y, Chen S, Lu Y, Xu Z, Fu W, Yan W. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of tumor microenvironment and molecular reprograming landscape of metastatic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Commun Biol 2024; 7:63. [PMID: 38191598 PMCID: PMC10774275 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a malignant tumor with a high probability of metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. To gain insights into the TME of LSCC, we conducted single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) on samples collected from LSCC patients with or without lymphatic metastasis. The stem and immune cell signatures in LSCC suggest their roles in tumor invasion and metastasis. Infiltration of a large number of regulatory T cells, dysplastic plasma cells, and macrophages that are at the early development stage in the cancerous tissue indicates an immunosuppressive state. Abundant neutrophils detected at the cancer margins reflect the inflammatory microenvironment. In addition to dynamic ligand-receptor interactions between the stromal and myeloid cells, the enhanced autophagy in endothelial cells and fibroblasts implies a role in nutrient supply. Taken together, the comprehensive atlas of LSCC obtained allowed us to identify a complex yet unique TME of LSCC, which may help identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yongping Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Zhenming Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang City, Shenyang, 110031, China.
| | - Weineng Fu
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Wei Yan
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA.
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Atallah O, Almealawy YF, Awuah WA, Conti A, Chaurasia B. Is simultaneous occurrence of meningioma and glioblastoma a mere coincidence? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 236:108099. [PMID: 38215500 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is extremely unusual for multiple tumors to arise from different cell types and occur at the same time inside the brain. It is still unknown whether or not the coexistence of meningioma and glioblastoma is connected in any way or if their simultaneous appearance is merely a coincidence. OBJECTIVE We conduct a comprehensive literature review on cases of concurrent meningioma and glioblastoma occurrence to elucidate the underlying concepts that may constitute this coexistence. METHODS We searched for articles on the topic of glioblastoma coexisting with meningioma in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. First, the initial literature searches were conducted for study selection and the data collection processes. After evaluating the title and abstract, the papers were selected. RESULTS We analyzed 21 studies describing 23 patients who had both glioblastoma and meningioma. There were ten male patients (47.6 %) and thirteen female patients (61.9 %). The mean age of patients at diagnosis was 61 years old (the range 30 to 86). In 17 cases, both tumors were in the same hemisphere (80.9 %). In 5 cases, they were in the other hemisphere (23.8 %), and in one case, the glioblastoma was in the left hemisphere and the olfactory meningioma was In 5 cases, they were in the other hemisphere (23.8 %), and in one case, the glioblastoma was in the left hemisphere and the olfactory meningioma was in the anterior cranial fossa. In 61.9 % of cases, headache was the predominant symptom. CONCLUSION Understanding the unique challenges posed by the coexistence of glioblastoma and meningioma is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies. Further investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms and genetic factors involved in this rare occurrence could pave the way for personalized therapies tailored to each patient's specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oday Atallah
- Departemnt of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Yasser F Almealawy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq; Department of Neurosurgery,Global Neurosurgical Alliance, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | | | - Alfredo Conti
- Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum Universit_a di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Bipin Chaurasia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Clinic, Birgunj, Nepal.
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Borlongan MC, Saha D, Wang H. Tumor Microenvironment: A Niche for Cancer Stem Cell Immunotherapy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:3-24. [PMID: 37861969 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumorigenic Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), often called tumor-initiating cells (TICs), represent a unique subset of cells within the tumor milieu. They stand apart from the bulk of tumor cells due to their exceptional self-renewal, metastatic, and differentiation capabilities. Despite significant progress in classifying CSCs, these cells remain notably resilient to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, contributing to cancer recurrence. In this review, our objective is to explore novel avenues of research that delve into the distinctive characteristics of CSCs within their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). We will start with an overview of the defining features of CSCs and then delve into their intricate interactions with cells from the lymphoid lineage, namely T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Furthermore, we will discuss their dynamic interplay with myeloid lineage cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Moreover, we will illuminate the crosstalk between CSCs and cells of mesenchymal origin, specifically fibroblasts, adipocytes, and endothelial cells. Subsequently, we will underscore the pivotal role of CSCs within the context of the tumor-associated extracellular matrix (ECM). Finally, we will highlight pre-clinical and clinical studies that target CSCs within the intricate landscape of the TME, including CAR-T therapy, oncolytic viruses, and CSC-vaccines, with the ultimate goal of uncovering novel avenues for CSC-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia C Borlongan
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA
| | - Dipongkor Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA.
| | - Hongbin Wang
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA.
- Master Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Graduate Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Science College of Medicine, California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA.
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Castillo SP, Rebolledo RA, Arim M, Hochberg ME, Marquet PA. Metastatic cells exploit their stoichiometric niche in the network of cancer ecosystems. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi7902. [PMID: 38091399 PMCID: PMC10848726 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi7902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a nonrandom process with varying degrees of organotropism-specific source-acceptor seeding. Understanding how patterns between source and acceptor tumors emerge remains a challenge in oncology. We hypothesize that organotropism results from the macronutrient niche of cells in source and acceptor organs. To test this, we constructed and analyzed a metastatic network based on 9303 records across 28 tissue types. We found that the topology of the network is nested and modular with scale-free degree distributions, reflecting organotropism along a specificity/generality continuum. The variation in topology is significantly explained by the matching of metastatic cells to their stoichiometric niche. Specifically, successful metastases are associated with higher phosphorus content in the acceptor compared to the source organ, due to metabolic constraints in proliferation crucial to the invasion of new tissues. We conclude that metastases are codetermined by processes at source and acceptor organs, where phosphorus content is a limiting factor orchestrating tumor ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P. Castillo
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando A. Rebolledo
- Instituto de Ingeniería Biológica y Médica (IIBM), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Unit, Surgery Service, Complejo Asistencial Dr. Sótero Del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Arim
- Departamento de Ecologia y Gestion Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional Este (CURE), Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Michael E. Hochberg
- ISEM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Pablo A. Marquet
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Centro de Modelamiento Matemático, Universidad de Chile, International Research Laboratory 2807, CNRS, C.P. 8370456, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Valparaíso (ISCV), Valparaíso, Chile
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Minegishi M, Kuchimaru T, Nishikawa K, Isagawa T, Iwano S, Iida K, Hara H, Miura S, Sato M, Watanabe S, Shiomi A, Mabuchi Y, Hamana H, Kishi H, Sato T, Sawaki D, Sato S, Hanazono Y, Suzuki A, Kohro T, Kadonosono T, Shimogori T, Miyawaki A, Takeda N, Shintaku H, Kizaka-Kondoh S, Nishimura S. Secretory GFP reconstitution labeling of neighboring cells interrogates cell-cell interactions in metastatic niches. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8031. [PMID: 38052804 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43855-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells inevitably interact with neighboring host tissue-resident cells during the process of metastatic colonization, establishing a metastatic niche to fuel their survival, growth, and invasion. However, the underlying mechanisms in the metastatic niche are yet to be fully elucidated owing to the lack of methodologies for comprehensively studying the mechanisms of cell-cell interactions in the niche. Here, we improve a split green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based genetically encoded system to develop secretory glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored reconstitution-activated proteins to highlight intercellular connections (sGRAPHIC) for efficient fluorescent labeling of tissue-resident cells that neighbor on and putatively interact with cancer cells in deep tissues. The sGRAPHIC system enables the isolation of metastatic niche-associated tissue-resident cells for their characterization using a single-cell RNA sequencing platform. We use this sGRAPHIC-leveraged transcriptomic platform to uncover gene expression patterns in metastatic niche-associated hepatocytes in a murine model of liver metastasis. Among the marker genes of metastatic niche-associated hepatocytes, we identify Lgals3, encoding galectin-3, as a potential pro-metastatic factor that accelerates metastatic growth and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Minegishi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kuchimaru
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama, Japan.
- Graduate School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
- Data Science Center, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
| | | | - Takayuki Isagawa
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Data Science Center, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwano
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Institute for Tenure Track Promotion, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kei Iida
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hara
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shizuka Miura
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Marika Sato
- MediGear International Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Yo Mabuchi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamana
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Sato
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Daigo Sawaki
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Clinical Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sato
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hanazono
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahide Kohro
- Data Science Center, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kadonosono
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Norihiko Takeda
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishimura
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Huang W, Tao Z, Younis MH, Cai W, Kang L. Nuclear medicine radiomics in digestive system tumors: Concept, applications, challenges, and future perspectives. VIEW 2023; 4:20230032. [PMID: 38179181 PMCID: PMC10766416 DOI: 10.1002/viw.20230032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiomics aims to develop novel biomarkers and provide relevant deeper subvisual information about pathology, immunophenotype, and tumor microenvironment. It uses automated or semiautomated quantitative analysis of high-dimensional images to improve characterization, diagnosis, and prognosis. Recent years have seen a rapid increase in radiomics applications in nuclear medicine, leading to some promising research results in digestive system oncology, which have been driven by big data analysis and the development of artificial intelligence. Although radiomics advances one step further toward the non-invasive precision medical analysis, it is still a step away from clinical application and faces many challenges. This review article summarizes the available literature on digestive system tumors regarding radiomics in nuclear medicine. First, we describe the workflow and steps involved in radiomics analysis. Subsequently, we discuss the progress in clinical application regarding the utilization of radiomics for distinguishing between various diseases and evaluating their prognosis, and demonstrate how radiomics advances this field. Finally, we offer our viewpoint on how the field can progress by addressing the challenges facing clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Tao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muhsin H. Younis
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Capuozzo M, Ferrara F, Santorsola M, Zovi A, Ottaiano A. Circulating Tumor Cells as Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Solid Tumors. Cells 2023; 12:2590. [PMID: 37998325 PMCID: PMC10670669 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as pivotal biomarkers with significant predictive and prognostic implications in solid tumors. Their presence in peripheral blood offers a non-invasive window into the dynamic landscape of cancer progression and treatment response. This narrative literature review synthesizes the current state of knowledge surrounding the multifaceted role of CTCs in predicting clinical outcomes and informing prognosis across a spectrum of solid tumor malignancies. This review delves into the evolving landscape of CTC-based research, emphasizing their potential as early indicators of disease recurrence, metastatic potential, and therapeutic resistance. Moreover, we have underscored the dynamic nature of CTCs and their implications for personalized medicine. A descriptive and critical analysis of CTC detection methodologies, their clinical relevance, and their associated challenges is also presented, with a focus on recent advancements and emerging technologies. Furthermore, we examine the integration of CTC-based liquid biopsies into clinical practice, highlighting their role in guiding treatment decisions, monitoring treatment efficacy, and facilitating precision oncology. This review highlights the transformative impact of CTCs as predictive and prognostic biomarkers in the management of solid tumors by promoting a deeper understanding of the clinical relevance of CTCs and their role in advancing the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Andrea Zovi
- Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Lin YS, Kuan CH, Lo C, Tsai LW, Wu CH, Huang CH, Yeong EK, Tai HC, Huang CS. Is Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction on Breast Cancer Patients Oncologically Safe? A Preliminary Study. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e5385. [PMID: 37941816 PMCID: PMC10629743 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Background In breast cancer patients receiving axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), immediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR) with lymphovenous anastomosis is an emerging technique for reducing the risk of arm lymphedema. However, the oncologic safety of surgically diverting lymphatic ducts directly into venules in a node-positive axilla is still a concern of inadvertently inducing metastasis of remaining cancer cells. This study aimed to assess the oncologic safety of ILR. Methods From January 2020 to January 2022, 95 breast cancer patients received ALND, and 45 of them also received ILR. Patients with recurrent cancer, with follow-up less than 12 months, and with missed data were excluded. Variables were compared between ILR and non-ILR groups, and the outcome of interest was the rate of distant recurrence after follow-up for at least 1 year. Results Thirty-four patients in the ILR group and 32 patients in the non-ILR group fulfilled the inclusion criteria for analysis. No statistically significant difference was noted between groups in terms of age, body mass index, type of breast surgery, pathologic cancer staging, histologic type and grade of breast cancer, molecular subtypes, frequency of axillary lymph node metastasis, or adjuvant therapy. For the patients receiving follow-up for at least 1 year, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of distant recurrence rates between ILR and non-ILR groups (P = 0.44). Conclusion For breast cancer patients receiving ALND, ILR with lymphovenous anastomosis is oncologically safe, within an average follow-up period of 21 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Sheng Lin
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Kuan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao Lo
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Tsai
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Huei Huang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eng-Kean Yeong
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chih Tai
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Sheng Huang
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zheng Y, Zhou R, Cai J, Yang N, Wen Z, Zhang Z, Sun H, Huang G, Guan Y, Huang N, Shi M, Liao Y, Bin J, Liao W. Matrix Stiffness Triggers Lipid Metabolic Cross-talk between Tumor and Stromal Cells to Mediate Bevacizumab Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3577-3592. [PMID: 37610655 PMCID: PMC10618741 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Bevacizumab is an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody that plays an important role in the combination treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. However, resistance remains a major hurdle limiting bevacizumab efficacy, highlighting the importance of identifying a mechanism of antiangiogenic therapy resistance. Here, we investigated biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) related to metabolic processes and acquired resistance to bevacizumab. Evaluation of paired pre- and posttreatment samples of liver metastases from 20 colorectal cancer patients treated with combination bevacizumab therapy, including 10 responders and 10 nonresponders, indicated that ECM deposition in liver metastases and a highly activated fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway were elevated in nonresponders after antiangiogenic therapy compared with responders. In mouse models of liver metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), anti-VEGF increased ECM deposition and FAO in colorectal cancer cells, and treatment with the FAO inhibitor etomoxir enhanced the efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) were essential for matrix stiffness-mediated FAO in colon cancer cells. Matrix stiffness activated lipolysis in HSCs via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway, and free fatty acids secreted by HSCs were absorbed as metabolic substrates and activated FAO in colon cancer cells. Suppressing HSC lipolysis using FAK and YAP inhibition enhanced the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy. Together, these results indicate that bevacizumab-induced ECM remodeling triggers lipid metabolic cross-talk between colon cancer cells and HSCs. This metabolic mechanism of bevacizumab resistance mediated by the physical tumor microenvironment represents a potential therapeutic target for reversing drug resistance. SIGNIFICANCE Extracellular matrix stiffening drives bevacizumab resistance by stimulating hepatic stellate cells to provide fuel for mCRC cells in the liver, indicating a potential metabolism-based therapeutic strategy for overcoming resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianan Cai
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nanyan Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaowei Wen
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiying Sun
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Genjie Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijin Guan
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Sueda T, Tei M, Yasuyama A, Nomura M, Yoshikawa Y, Miyagaki H, Tsujie M, Akamaru Y. Impact of regional lymph node metastasis on pulmonary metastasis as the first recurrence site. Updates Surg 2023; 75:1843-1855. [PMID: 37615847 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-023-01633-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) on the first recurrence sites following curative colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between regional LNM stratified by N status and the first recurrence pattern in patients with stage I-III CRC. We performed a retrospective analysis of 1181 consecutive patients with stage I-III CRC who underwent curative surgery between 2010 and 2018. The total sample size included 1181 patients who underwent elective stage I-III CRC surgery. Median follow-up time was 60 months, and median time to recurrence was 12 months. Overall, the numbers of liver recurrence and pulmonary recurrence were 94 (7.9%) and 70 (5.9%), respectively. Higher N status was significantly associated with increased risk of pulmonary recurrence (N0 vs. N1a, p = 0.02; N0 vs. N1b, p < 0.01; N0 vs. N2a, p < 0.01; N0 vs. N2b, p < 0.01) and worse pulmonary recurrence-free survival, but not other recurrences. In Non-LNM patients, on the other hand, advanced T status was associated with increased risk of pulmonary recurrence. The regional LNM was strongly associated with pulmonary metastasis as the first recurrence site following stage I-III CRC resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Sueda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyoshi Tei
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Akinobu Yasuyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Miyagaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsujie
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
| | - Yusuke Akamaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasone-Kitaku, Sakai, Osaka, 591-8025, Japan
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Caprioli S, Giordano GG, Pennacchi A, Campagnari V, Iandelli A, Parrinello G, Conforti C, Gili R, Giannini E, Marabotto E, Kayali S, Bianchi B, Peretti G, Cittadini G, Marchi F. Can High-Frequency Intraoral Ultrasound Predict Histological Risk Factors in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma? A Preliminary Experience. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4413. [PMID: 37686688 PMCID: PMC10486952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in multidisciplinary care, oncologic outcomes of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not substantially improved: still, one-third of patients affected by stage I and II can develop locoregional recurrences. Imaging plays a pivotal role in preoperative staging of OSCC, providing depth of invasion (DOI) measurements. However, locoregional recurrences have a strong association with adverse histopathological factors not included in the staging system, and any imaging features linked to them have been lacking. In this study, the possibility to predict histological risk factors in OSCC with high-frequency intraoral ultrasonography (IOUS) was evaluated. Thirty-four patients were enrolled. The agreement between ultrasonographic and pathological DOI was evaluated, and ultrasonographic margins' appearance was compared to the Brandwein-Gensler score and the worst pattern of invasion (WPOI). Excellent agreement between ultrasonographic and pathological DOI was found (mean difference: 0.2 mm). A significant relationship was found between ultrasonographic morphology of the front of infiltration and both Brandwein-Gensler score ≥ 3 (p < 0.0001) and WPOI ≥4 (p = 0.0001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the IOUS to predict a Brandwein-Gensler score ≥3 were 93.33%, 89.47%, 87.50%, and 94.44%, respectively. The present study demonstrated the promising role of IOUS in aiding risk stratification for OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Caprioli
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino,16132 Genova, Italy; (S.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy; (R.G.); (G.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Giorgio-Gregory Giordano
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.-G.G.); (A.P.); (V.C.); (G.P.)
- Department of Surgical Science (DISC), University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessia Pennacchi
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.-G.G.); (A.P.); (V.C.); (G.P.)
- Department of Surgical Science (DISC), University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy
| | - Valentina Campagnari
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.-G.G.); (A.P.); (V.C.); (G.P.)
- Department of Surgical Science (DISC), University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Iandelli
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.-G.G.); (A.P.); (V.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Giampiero Parrinello
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.-G.G.); (A.P.); (V.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Cristina Conforti
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino,16132 Genova, Italy; (S.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Riccardo Gili
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy; (R.G.); (G.P.); (F.M.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (E.G.); (E.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Elisa Marabotto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (E.G.); (E.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Stefano Kayali
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (E.G.); (E.M.); (S.K.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bianchi
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Peretti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy; (R.G.); (G.P.); (F.M.)
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.-G.G.); (A.P.); (V.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Cittadini
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino,16132 Genova, Italy; (S.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Filippo Marchi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, 16100 Genova, Italy; (R.G.); (G.P.); (F.M.)
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.-G.G.); (A.P.); (V.C.); (G.P.)
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Nguyen HT, Das N, Wang Y, Ruvalcaba C, Mehadji B, Roncali E, Chan CK, Pratx G. Efficient and multiplexed tracking of single cells using whole-body PET/CT. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.23.554536. [PMID: 37662335 PMCID: PMC10473747 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.23.554536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
In vivo molecular imaging tools are crucially important for elucidating how cells move through complex biological systems, however, achieving single-cell sensitivity over the entire body remains challenging. Here, we report a highly sensitive and multiplexed approach for tracking upwards of 20 single cells simultaneously in the same subject using positron emission tomography (PET). The method relies on a new tracking algorithm (PEPT-EM) to push the cellular detection threshold to below 4 Bq/cell, and a streamlined workflow to reliably label single cells with over 50 Bq/cell of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). To demonstrate the potential of method, we tracked the fate of over 70 melanoma cells after intracardiac injection and found they primarily arrested in the small capillaries of the pulmonary, musculoskeletal, and digestive organ systems. This study bolsters the evolving potential of PET in offering unmatched insights into the earliest phases of cell trafficking in physiological and pathological processes and in cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu T.M. Nguyen
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics
| | - Neeladrisingha Das
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics
| | - Yuting Wang
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Surgery
| | - Carlos Ruvalcaba
- University of California, Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Brahim Mehadji
- University of California, Davis, Department of Radiology
| | - Emilie Roncali
- University of California, Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of California, Davis, Department of Radiology
| | | | - Guillem Pratx
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Physics
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Tufail M, Wu C. RANK pathway in cancer: underlying resistance and therapeutic approaches. J Chemother 2023; 35:369-382. [PMID: 36200617 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2022.2129752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the deadliest diseases despite advances in treatment. Metastatic cancers are the leading cause of death for advanced cancer patients. Those with advanced cancer with osteolytic-type bone metastases have a significantly lower quality of life. A novel treatment plan is needed now more than ever for breast cancer patients with bone metastases. There are shreds of evidence that cancer cells in the bloodstream interact with the bone microenvironment and that this interaction is a contributing component to breast cancer progression. Preventing any stage of this cycle can result in anti-metastasis effects. Since RANKL interacts with its receptor RANK and plays an important role in the vicious cycle, it has proven to be a successful therapeutic target in cancer treatment. As a result, we have presented a complete overview of the RANK pathway in cancer and discussed RANK signaling and tumor microenvironment, and potential therapeutic approaches in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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50
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Edwards DN. Amino Acid Metabolism in Bone Metastatic Disease. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:344-353. [PMID: 37277592 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00797-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Breast and prostate tumors frequently metastasize to the bone, but the underlying mechanisms for osteotropism remain elusive. An emerging feature of metastatic progression is metabolic adaptation of cancer cells to new environments. This review will summarize the recent advances on how cancer cells utilize amino acid metabolism during metastasis, from early dissemination to interactions with the bone microenvironment. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have suggested that certain metabolic preferences for amino acids may be associated with bone metastasis. Once in the bone microenvironment, cancer cells encounter a favorable microenvironment, where a changing nutrient composition of the tumor-bone microenvironment may alter metabolic interactions with bone-resident cells to further drive metastatic outgrowth. Enhanced amino acid metabolic programs are associated with bone metastatic disease and may be further augmented by the bone microenvironment. Additional studies are necessary to fully elucidate the role of amino acid metabolism on bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna N Edwards
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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