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Alburquerque-González B, Montoro-García S, Bernabé-García Á, Bernabé-García M, Campioni-Rodrigues P, Rodríguez-Martínez A, Luque I, Salo T, Pérez-Garrido A, Pérez-Sánchez H, Cayuela ML, Luengo-Gil G, Luchinat E, Postigo-Corrales F, Staderini T, Nicolás FJ, Conesa-Zamora P. Monastrol suppresses invasion and metastasis in human colorectal cancer cells by targeting fascin independent of kinesin-Eg5 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116785. [PMID: 38781869 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton is a prerequisite for carcinoma cells to develop cellular protrusions, which are required for migration, invasion, and metastasis. Fascin is a key protein involved in actin bundling and is expressed in aggressive and invasive carcinomas. Additionally, fascin appears to be involved in tubulin-binding and microtubule rearrangement. Pharmacophoric-based in silico screening was performed to identify compounds with better fascin inhibitory properties than migrastatin, a gold-standard fascin inhibitor. We hypothesized that monastrol displays anti-migratory and anti-invasive properties via fascin blocking in colorectal cancer cell lines. Biophysical (thermofluor and ligand titration followed by fluorescence spectroscopy), biochemical (NMR), and cellular assays (MTT, invasion of human tissue), as well as animal model studies (zebrafish invasion) were performed to characterize the inhibitory effect of monastrol on fascin activity. In silico analysis revealed that monastrol is a potential fascin-binding compound. Biophysical and biochemical assays demonstrated that monastrol binds to fascin and interferes with its actin-bundling activity. Cell culture studies, including a 3D human myoma disc model, showed that monastrol inhibited fascin-driven cytoplasmic protrusions as well as invasion. In silico, confocal microscopy, and immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that monastrol disrupted fascin-tubulin interactions. These anti-invasive effects were confirmed in vivo. In silico confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation assays were carried out to test whether monastrol disrupted the fascin-tubulin interaction. This study reports, for the first time, the in vitro and in vivo anti-invasive properties of monastrol in colorectal tumor cells. The number and types of interactions suggest potential binding of monastrol across actin and tubulin sites on fascin, which could be valuable for the development of antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ángel Bernabé-García
- Regeneración, Oncología Molecular y TGF-ß. IMIB-Arrixaca, Carretera Madrid-Cartagena, El Palmar 30120, Spain
| | - Manuel Bernabé-García
- Research group "Telomerasa, Envejecimiento y Cáncer", CIBERER, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Priscila Campioni-Rodrigues
- ECM and Hypoxia research unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland; Microelectronic Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90570, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez-Martínez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology and Excellence Unit in Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and Environment, School of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Structural Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing (BIO-HPC) Research Group, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Irene Luque
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology and Excellence Unit in Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and Environment, School of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Tuula Salo
- Oral Medicine and Pathology, Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, Aapistie 3, Oulu FI-90220, Finland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki FI-0014, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM) and iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alfonso Pérez-Garrido
- Structural Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing (BIO-HPC) Research Group, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Structural Bioinformatics and High-Performance Computing (BIO-HPC) Research Group, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | - María Luisa Cayuela
- Research group "Telomerasa, Envejecimiento y Cáncer", CIBERER, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ginés Luengo-Gil
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain; Pathology and Clinical Analysis Department, Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Enrico Luchinat
- CERM - Magnetic Resonance Center and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine - CIRMMP, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Staderini
- CERM - Magnetic Resonance Center and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Francisco José Nicolás
- Regeneración, Oncología Molecular y TGF-ß. IMIB-Arrixaca, Carretera Madrid-Cartagena, El Palmar 30120, Spain
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain; Pathology and Clinical Analysis Department, Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain.
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Gallardo-Gómez M, Costas-Ríos L, Garcia-Prieto CA, Álvarez-Rodríguez L, Bujanda L, Barrero M, Castells A, Balaguer F, Jover R, Esteller M, Tardío Baiges A, González-Carreró Fojón J, Cubiella J, De Chiara L. Serum DNA methylome of the colorectal cancer serrated pathway enables non-invasive detection. Mol Oncol 2023. [PMID: 38129291 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical relevance of the colorectal cancer serrated pathway is evident, but the screening of serrated lesions remains challenging. We aimed to characterize the serum methylome of the serrated pathway and to evaluate circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylomes as a potential source of biomarkers for the non-invasive detection of serrated lesions. We collected serum samples from individuals with serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC), traditional serrated adenomas, sessile serrated lesions, hyperplastic polyps and individuals with no colorectal findings. First, we quantified cfDNA methylation with the MethylationEPIC array. Then, we compared the methylation profiles with tissue and serum datasets. Finally, we evaluated the utility of serum cfDNA methylation biomarkers. We identified a differential methylation profile able to distinguish high-risk serrated lesions from no serrated neoplasia, showing concordance with tissue methylation from SAC and sessile serrated lesions. Serum methylation profiles are pathway-specific, clearly separating serrated lesions from conventional adenomas. The combination of ninjurin 2 (NINJ2) and glutamate-rich 1 (ERICH1) methylation discriminated high-risk serrated lesions and SAC with 91.4% sensitivity (64.4% specificity), while zinc finger protein 718 (ZNF718) methylation reported 100% sensitivity for the detection of SAC (96% specificity). This is the first study exploring the serum methylome of serrated lesions. Differential methylation of cfDNA can be used for the non-invasive detection of colorectal serrated lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gallardo-Gómez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Spain
| | - Lara Costas-Ríos
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
| | - Carlos A Garcia-Prieto
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Spain
- Life Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Spain
| | - Lara Álvarez-Rodríguez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maialen Barrero
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Antoni Castells
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Balaguer
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Jover
- Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis ISABIAL, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Spain
| | - Antoni Tardío Baiges
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Galicia Sur, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Cubiella
- Department of Gastroenterology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Ourense, Spain
| | - Loretta De Chiara
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Spain
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Asensi-Cantó A, Rodríguez-Braun E, Beltrán-Videla A, Hurtado AM, Conesa-Zamora P. Effects of imipramine on cancer patients over-expressing Fascin1; description of the HITCLIF clinical trial. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1238464. [PMID: 37841433 PMCID: PMC10570506 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1238464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor invasion and metastasis are responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths. The identification of molecules involved in these processes is crucial to design effective treatments that can halt the progression of cancer. To spread and metastasize, tumor cells must restructure their cytoskeleton and emit protrusions. A key molecule in this process of creating these invading structures is Fascin1, the main protein involved in the formation of actin cytoskeleton bundles and a consistent marker of bad prognosis in several types of cancer. Recent studies have shown that imipramine, an FDA- and EMA-approved antidepressant, can block Fascin1and prevent the formation of actin bundles, making it a promising candidate for the treatment of Fascin1-expressing cancers. As a result, a clinical trial will be conducted to assess the efficacy of imipramine being the first experimental clinical study selecting patients based on Fascin1 expression. Methods The HITCLIF trial is a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized and non-commercial phase II clinical trial conducted in parallel groups to evaluate the effectiveness of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine as anti-invasive agent in the treatment of localized colon, rectal and triple negative breast cancer patients with overexpression of Fascin1. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive imipramine or placebo. Patients will be stratified into 2 groups according to whether administration of imipramine is concomitant with neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen. Group A will receive imipramine alone without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, while Group B will receive imipramine treatment along with the standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen. The primary endpoint of the trial is the grade of alteration in the prognostic histopathological features at invasive margins (tumor budding, cytoplasmic pseudo-fragments, tumor growth pattern, and peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration). Discussion Fascin1 is an interesting therapeutical target as it plays a causative role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Moreover, its expression is virtually absent in normal epithelia but highly expressed in cancer with bad prognosis. In silico, in vitro and in vivo studies by our group have demonstrated that the antidepressant imipramine has Fascin1-dependant anti-invasive and anti-metastatic effects in colorectal cancer cells. Now we are recruiting patients in a clinical trial based on Fascin1 over-expression in which administration of imipramine will be carried out during the period between the diagnosis biopsy and surgical resection to explore the drug effects on tumor invasive front. Clinical trial registration https:///www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2021-001328-17/ES, identifier 2021-001328-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Asensi-Cantó
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
- Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | - Asunción Beltrán-Videla
- Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Ana María Hurtado
- Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
- Innmunobiology for Aquaculture Research Group, Cellular Biology and Histology Department, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
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Li CH, Chan MH, Liang SM, Chang YC, Hsiao M. Fascin-1: Updated biological functions and therapeutic implications in cancer biology. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100052. [PMID: 37082587 PMCID: PMC10074911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2022.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Filopodia are cellular protrusions that respond to a variety of stimuli. Filopodia are formed when actin is bound to the protein Fascin, which may play a crucial role in cellular interactions and motility during cancer metastasis. Significantly, the noncanonical features of Fascin-1 are gradually being clarified, including the related molecular network contributing to metabolic reprogramming, chemotherapy resistance, stemness ac-tivity, and tumor microenvironment events. However, the relationship between biological characteristics and pathological features to identify effective therapeutic strategies needs to be studied further. The pur-pose of this review article is to provide a broad overview of the latest molecular networks and multiomics research regarding fascins and cancer. It also highlights their direct and indirect effects on available cancer treatments. With this multidisciplinary approach, researchers and clinicians can gain the most relevant in-formation on the function of fascins in cancer progression, which may facilitate clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiu Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Shu-Mei Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Corresponding authors.
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5
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Turpín-Sevilla MDC, Pérez-Sanz F, García-Solano J, Sebastián-León P, Trujillo-Santos J, Carbonell P, Estrada E, Tuomisto A, Herruzo I, Fennell LJ, Mäkinen MJ, Rodríguez-Braun E, Whitehall VLJ, Conesa A, Conesa-Zamora P. Global Methylome Scores Correlate with Histological Subtypes of Colorectal Carcinoma and Show Different Associations with Common Clinical and Molecular Features. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205165. [PMID: 34680315 PMCID: PMC8533997 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The typical methylation patterns associated with cancer are hypermethylation at gene promoters and global genome hypomethylation. Aberrant CpG island hypermethylation at promoter regions and global genome hypomethylation have not been associated with histological colorectal carcinomas (CRC) subsets. Using Illumina's 450 k Infinium Human Methylation beadchip, the methylome of 82 CRCs were analyzed, comprising different histological subtypes: 40 serrated adenocarcinomas (SAC), 32 conventional carcinomas (CC) and 10 CRCs showing histological and molecular features of microsatellite instability (hmMSI-H), and, additionally, 35 normal adjacent mucosae. Scores reflecting the overall methylation at 250 bp, 1 kb and 2 kb from the transcription starting site (TSS) were studied. RESULTS SAC has an intermediate methylation pattern between CC and hmMSI-H for the three genome locations. In addition, the shift from promoter hypermethylation to genomic hypomethylation occurs at a small sequence between 250 bp and 1 Kb from the gene TSS, and an asymmetric distribution of methylation was observed between both sides of the CpG islands (N vs. S shores). CONCLUSION These findings show that different histological subtypes of CRC have a particular global methylation pattern depending on sequence distance to TSS and highlight the so far underestimated importance of CpGs aberrantly hypomethylated in the clinical phenotype of CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Carmen Turpín-Sevilla
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda, Km 1800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.C.T.-S.); (I.H.)
| | - Fernando Pérez-Sanz
- Biomedical Informatics & Bioinformatics Platform, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB)/Foundation for Healthcare Training & Research of the Region of Murcia (FFIS), Calle Luis Fontes Pagán 9, 30003 Murcia, Spain;
| | - José García-Solano
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus Los Jerónimos, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
- Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Institute for Biomedical Research from Murcia (IMIB), HGUSL, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Patricia Sebastián-León
- IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Javier Trujillo-Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain;
| | - Pablo Carbonell
- Biochemistry and Clinical Genetic Center, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Eduardo Estrada
- Department of Social Psychology and Methodology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Anne Tuomisto
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (A.T.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Irene Herruzo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda, Km 1800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (M.d.C.T.-S.); (I.H.)
| | - Lochlan J. Fennell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; (L.J.F.); (V.L.J.W.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Pathology Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Markus J. Mäkinen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (A.T.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Edith Rodríguez-Braun
- Clinical Oncology Department, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL). C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain;
| | - Vicki L. J. Whitehall
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; (L.J.F.); (V.L.J.W.)
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Pathology Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ana Conesa
- Microbiology and Cell Sciences Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus Los Jerónimos, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
- Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Institute for Biomedical Research from Murcia (IMIB), HGUSL, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
- Clinical Oncology Department, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL). C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain;
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968128600 (ext. 951615)
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6
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Alburquerque-González B, Bernabé-García Á, Bernabé-García M, Ruiz-Sanz J, López-Calderón FF, Gonnelli L, Banci L, Peña-García J, Luque I, Nicolás FJ, Cayuela-Fuentes ML, Luchinat E, Pérez-Sánchez H, Montoro-García S, Conesa-Zamora P. The FDA-Approved Antiviral Raltegravir Inhibits Fascin1-Dependent Invasion of Colorectal Tumor Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040861. [PMID: 33670655 PMCID: PMC7921938 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) has been recently recognized by the WHO as a histological CRC with bad prognosis. Consistent with previous evidence, our group identified Fascin1 as a protein directly related to the invasiveness of tumor cells, overexpressed and positively correlated with worse survival in various carcinomas, including SAC. Therefore, Fascin1 has emerged as an ideal target for cancer treatment. In the present study, virtual screening has been carried out from a library of 9591 compounds, thus identifying the FDA-approved anti-retroviral raltegravir (RAL) as a potential Fascin1 blocker. In vitro and in vivo results show that RAL exhibits Fascin1-binding activity and Fascin1-dependent anti-invasive and anti-metastatic properties against CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Abstract Background: Fascin1 is the key actin-bundling protein involved in cancer invasion and metastasis whose expression is associated with bad prognosis in tumor from different origins. Methods: In the present study, virtual screening (VS) was performed for the search of Fascin1 inhibitors and RAL, an FDA-approved inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) integrase, was identified as a potential Fascin1 inhibitor. Biophysical techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) were carried out in order to confirm RAL as a Fascin1 blocker. The effect of RAL on actin-bundling activity Fascin1 was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence, migration, and invasion assays on two human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines: HCT-116 and DLD-1. In addition, the anti-metastatic potential of RAL was in vivo evaluated by using the zebrafish animal model. Results: NMR and DSF confirmed in silico predictions and TEM demonstrated the RAL-induced disorganization of the actin structure compared to control conditions. The protrusion of lamellipodia in cancer cell line overexpressing Fascin1 (HCT-116) was abolished in the presence of this drug. By following the addition of RAL, migration of HCT-116 and DLD-1 cell lines was significantly inhibited. Finally, using endogenous and exogenous models of Fascin1 expression, the invasive capacity of colorectal tumor cells was notably impaired in the presence of RAL in vivo assays; without undesirable cytotoxic effects. Conclusion: The current data show the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the antiretroviral drug RAL in inhibiting human colorectal cancer cells invasion and metastasis in a Fascin1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Alburquerque-González
- Department of Pathology and Histology, Campus de los Jerónimos, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, s/n, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (B.A.-G.); (F.F.L.-C.)
| | - Ángel Bernabé-García
- Laboratorio de Regeneración, Oncología Molecular y TGF-ß, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Carretera Madrid-Cartagena, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (Á.B.-G.); (F.J.N.)
| | - Manuel Bernabé-García
- Telomerase, Cancer and Aging Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.B.-G.); (M.L.C.-F.)
| | - Javier Ruiz-Sanz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology and Excellence Research Unit of “Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment, Spain Campus Fuentenueva s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.R.-S.); (I.L.)
| | - Fernando Feliciano López-Calderón
- Department of Pathology and Histology, Campus de los Jerónimos, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, s/n, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (B.A.-G.); (F.F.L.-C.)
| | - Leonardo Gonnelli
- CERM—Magnetic Resonance Center, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.G.); (L.B.); (E.L.)
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- CERM—Magnetic Resonance Center, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.G.); (L.B.); (E.L.)
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Jorge Peña-García
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing (BIO-HPC) Research Group, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (H.P.-S.)
| | - Irene Luque
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology and Excellence Research Unit of “Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment, Spain Campus Fuentenueva s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.R.-S.); (I.L.)
| | - Francisco José Nicolás
- Laboratorio de Regeneración, Oncología Molecular y TGF-ß, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Carretera Madrid-Cartagena, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (Á.B.-G.); (F.J.N.)
| | - María Luisa Cayuela-Fuentes
- Telomerase, Cancer and Aging Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.B.-G.); (M.L.C.-F.)
| | - Enrico Luchinat
- CERM—Magnetic Resonance Center, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (L.G.); (L.B.); (E.L.)
- Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase—CSGI, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing (BIO-HPC) Research Group, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (H.P.-S.)
| | - Silvia Montoro-García
- Cell Culture Lab, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.-G.); (P.C.-Z.); Tel.: +34-9681-286-02 (Ext. 951615) (P.C.-Z.)
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Biomedical Research Institute from Murcia (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, c/Mezquita sn, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.M.-G.); (P.C.-Z.); Tel.: +34-9681-286-02 (Ext. 951615) (P.C.-Z.)
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7
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Kondelova A, Alburquerque-González B, Vychytilova-Faltejskova P, García-Solano J, Prochazka V, Kala Z, Pérez F, Slaby O, Conesa-Zamora P. miR-181a-2* expression is different amongst carcinomas from the colorectal serrated route. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:233-241. [PMID: 31784758 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) and colorectal carcinomas showing histological and molecular features of high-level of microsatellite instability (hmMSI-H) are both end points of the serrated pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis. Despite common features (right-sided location, CpG island methylation phenotype and BRAF mutation) there are no studies comparing the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in SACs and hmMSI-H. The microtranscriptome from 12 SACs and 8 hmMSI-H were analysed using Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA 3.0 arrays and differentially enriched functions involving immune response were observed from this comparison. miR-181a-2* was found significantly more expressed in hmMSI-H than in SAC and higher expression of this miRNA in microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer were corroborated by Real-Time PCR in an extended series (61 SAC, 21 hmMSI-H). An analysis of genes possibly regulated by miR-181a-2* was carried out and, amongst these, an inverse correlation of NAMPT with miR-181a-2* expression was observed, whereas, for TRAF1 and SALL1, additional regulation mechanisms involving CpG island methylation were observed. miR-181a-2* is associated with particular histological and molecular features of colorectal carcinomas within the serrated pathological pathway and might play a role in the immune responses of microsatellite instability carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kondelova
- Pathology Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Begoña Alburquerque-González
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Avda. Los Jerónimos, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José García-Solano
- Pathology Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain.,Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Avda. Los Jerónimos, Murcia, Spain.,Research Group on Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Institute for Bio-health Research of Murcia, Santa Lucia University Hospital, C/ Mezquita sn 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Brno-Bohunice-Brno-Starý Lískovec, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Brno-Bohunice-Brno-Starý Lískovec, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando Pérez
- Biomedical Informatics and Bioinformatics Platform, Institute for Bio-health Research of Murcia/Foundation for Healthcare Training and Research of the Region of Murcia, Calle Luis Fontes Pagán 9, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 340/20, Brno-Bohunice-Brno-Starý Lískovec, Czech Republic
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Avda. Los Jerónimos, Murcia, Spain.,Research Group on Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Institute for Bio-health Research of Murcia, Santa Lucia University Hospital, C/ Mezquita sn 30202 Cartagena, Spain.,Clinical Analysis Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
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8
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Lin L, Lin K, Wu X, Liu J, Cheng Y, Xu LY, Li EM, Dong G. Potential Inhibitors of Fascin From A Database of Marine Natural Products: A Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Study. Front Chem 2021; 9:719949. [PMID: 34692638 PMCID: PMC8529705 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.719949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine nature products are unique compounds that are produced by the marine environment including plants, animals, and microorganisms. The wide diversity of marine natural products have great potential and are versatile in terms of drug discovery. In this paper, we use state-of-the-art computational methods to discover inhibitors from marine natural products to block the function of Fascin, an overexpressed protein in various cancers. First, virtual screening (pharmacophore model and molecular docking) was carried out based on a marine natural products database (12015 molecules) and provided eighteen molecules that could potentially inhibit the function of Fascin. Next, molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) calculations were conducted and indicated that four molecules have higher binding affinities than the inhibitor NP-G2-029, which was validated experimentally. ADMET analyses of pharmacokinetics demonstrated that one of the four molecules does not match the criterion. Finally, ligand Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (LiGaMD) simulations were carried out to validate the three inhibitors binding to Fascin stably. In addition, dynamic interactions between protein and ligands were analyzed systematically. Our study will accelerate the development of the cancer drugs targeting Fascin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirui Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kai Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yinwei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Yan Xu, ; En-Min Li, ; Geng Dong,
| | - En-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Yan Xu, ; En-Min Li, ; Geng Dong,
| | - Geng Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Yan Xu, ; En-Min Li, ; Geng Dong,
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9
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Mucke HA. Drug Repurposing Patent Applications April–June 2020. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2020; 18:385-390. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2020.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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10
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Lin S, Taylor MD, Singh PK, Yang S. How does fascin promote cancer metastasis? FEBS J 2020; 288:1434-1446. [PMID: 32657526 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fascin is an F-actin-bundling protein that cross-links individual actin filaments into straight and stiff bundles. Fascin overexpression in cancer is strongly associated with poor prognosis and metastatic progression across different cancer types. It is well established that fascin plays a causative role in promoting metastatic progression. We will review the recent progress in our understanding of mechanisms underlying fascin-mediated cancer metastasis. This review will cover the biochemical basis for fascin-bundling activity, the mechanisms by which cancer cells upregulate fascin expression and the mechanism underlying fascin-mediated cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastatic colonization. We propose that fascin has broad roles in both metastatic dissemination and metastatic colonization. Understanding these mechanisms will be crucial to the development of anti-metastasis therapeutics targeting fascin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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11
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Marquet B, Marchal Bressenot A, Fichel C, Bouland N, Barbe C, Bouché O, Kianmanesh R, Diebold MD, Boulagnon-Rombi C. Expression of the Serrated Markers Annexin A10 or Gremlin1 in Colonic Adenocarcinomas: Morphology and Prognostic Values. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2509-2521. [PMID: 32583331 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Describe clinical, histological and molecular charatcteristics and prognosis values of the serrated candidate markers AnnexinA10 and Gremlin1 in colon adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical expression of AnnexinA10 and Gremlin1 was evaluated on 346 colonic adenocarcinomas. Clinicopathological, molecular features and prognostic characteristics were then evaluated. A total of 40 colonic adenocarcinomas expressed AnnexinA10 (11.6%) and, 115 expressed Gremlin1 (40.4%). AnnexinA10 expression was significantly associated, on univariate analyses, with female gender (p = 0.03), right tumor location (p < 0.001), differentiation grade 3 (p < 0.001), serrated adenocarcinoma subtype (p < 0.001), serrated (p < 0.001), medullary (p = 0.005), and mucinous component (p = 0.004), cytoplasmic eosinophilia (p < 0.001), discernible nuclei (p = 0.001), preserved polarity (p < 0.001), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.01), BRAFV600E mutation (p < 0.001), MSI-H status (p < 0.001) and CIMP-H status (p = 0.019). Multivariate analyses revealed that mucinous component (p = 0.002), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.02) and BRAFV600E mutation (p < 0.001) were independently associated with AnnexinA10 expression. In addition, AnnexinA10 was an indicator of poorer overall survival (OS) in UICC stage IV adenocarcinomas (p = 0.01) only. Gremlin1 expression was neither associated with serrated adenocarcinoma subtype (p = 0.51) nor with AnnexinA10 expression (p = 0,31), but was significantly associated, in univariate analysis with male gender (p = 0.002), younger age (p = 0.002), left tumor location (p = 0.04), and MSS status (p = 0.03). Gremlin1 expression was associated with better OS only in UICC stage III colon adenocarcinomas (p = 0.006). Colon adenocarcinomas expressing AnnexinA10 have distinct clinico-pathological and molecular features. AnnexinA10 expression is an indicator of poorer OS in UICC stage IV patients. Gremlin1 expression is not associated with serrated adenocarcinomas subtype. Its expression was associated with better OS in UICC Stage III patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Marquet
- Department of Biopathology, Academic Hospital, rue du Général Koenig, 51100, Reims, France. .,Department of Pathology, Medicine University, Reims, France.
| | - Aude Marchal Bressenot
- Department of Biopathology, Academic Hospital, rue du Général Koenig, 51100, Reims, France.,Department of Pathology, Medicine University, Reims, France
| | | | - Nicole Bouland
- Department of Pathology, Medicine University, Reims, France
| | - Coralie Barbe
- Clinical Research Unit, Academic Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Olivier Bouché
- Gatroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Academic Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Reza Kianmanesh
- Digestive Surgery Department, Academic hospital, Reims, France
| | - Marie-Danièle Diebold
- Department of Biopathology, Academic Hospital, rue du Général Koenig, 51100, Reims, France.,Department of Pathology, Medicine University, Reims, France
| | - Camille Boulagnon-Rombi
- Department of Biopathology, Academic Hospital, rue du Général Koenig, 51100, Reims, France.,Department of Pathology, Medicine University, Reims, France.,UMR CNRS/URCA 7369 MEDyC, Medicine University, Reims, France
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12
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Biology and Therapeutic Targets of Colorectal Serrated Adenocarcinoma; Clues for a Histologically Based Treatment against an Aggressive Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061991. [PMID: 32183342 PMCID: PMC7139914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) is a tumor recognized by the WHO as a histological subtype accounting for around 9% of colorectal carcinomas. Compared to conventional carcinomas, SACs are characterized by a worse prognosis, weak development of the immune response, an active invasive front and a frequent resistance to targeted therapy due to a high occurrence of KRAS or BRAF mutation. Nonetheless, several high-throughput studies have recently been carried out unveiling the biology of this cancer and identifying potential molecular targets, favoring a future histologically based treatment. This review revises the current evidence, aiming to propose potential molecular targets and specific treatments for this aggressive tumor.
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13
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New role of the antidepressant imipramine as a Fascin1 inhibitor in colorectal cancer cells. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:281-292. [PMID: 32080340 PMCID: PMC7062870 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) is more invasive, has worse outcomes than conventional colorectal carcinoma (CRC), and is characterized by frequent resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and overexpression of fascin1, a key protein in actin bundling that plays a causative role in tumor invasion and is overexpressed in different cancer types with poor prognosis. In silico screening of 9591 compounds, including 2037 approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), was performed, and selected compounds were analyzed for their fascin1 binding affinity by differential scanning fluorescence. The results were compared with migrastatin as a typical fascin1 inhibitor. In silico screening and differential scanning fluorescence yielded the FDA-approved antidepressant imipramine as the most evident potential fascin1 blocker. Biophysical and different in vitro actin-bundling assays confirm this activity. Subsequent assays investigating lamellipodia formation and migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells in vitro using 3D human tissue demonstrated anti-fascin1 and anti-invasive activities of imipramine. Furthermore, expression profiling suggests the activity of imipramine on the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, in vivo studies using a zebrafish invasion model showed that imipramine is tolerated, its anti-invasive and antimetastatic activities are dose-dependent, and it is associated with both constitutive and induced fascin1 expression. This is the first study that demonstrates an antitumoral role of imipramine as a fascin1 inhibitor and constitutes a foundation for a molecular targeted therapy for SAC and other fascin1-overexpressing tumors. The antidepressant drug imipramine can block the activity of a protein that contributes to the progression of certain aggressive tumors. Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) is a form of colorectal cancer with a poor prognosis. A key factor in SAC development is the overexpression of the protein fascin1, which promotes the formation of structures that help cancer cells move around, thereby leading to metastasis. Pablo Conesa-Zamora at Santa Lucia University Hospital in Cartagena, Horacio Pérez-Sánchez at the Universidad Católica de Murcia in Guadalupe, Spain, and coworkers demonstrated that imipramine shows promise in binding to fascin1 and blocking its activity. The team analyzed over 9500 compounds as potential fascin1 blockers, identifying imipramine as a possible option. In tests on human tissues and in vivo studies using zebrafish, the drug reduced cancer invasion and metastasis.
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14
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Montoro-García S, Alburquerque-González B, Bernabé-García Á, Bernabé-García M, Rodrigues PC, den-Haan H, Luque I, Nicolás FJ, Pérez-Sánchez H, Cayuela ML, Salo T, Conesa-Zamora P. Novel anti-invasive properties of a Fascin1 inhibitor on colorectal cancer cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:383-394. [PMID: 31996952 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tumor invasion and metastasis involve processes in which actin cytoskeleton rearrangement induced by Fascin1 plays a crucial role. Indeed, Fascin1 has been found overexpressed in tumors with worse prognosis. Migrastatin and its analogues target Fascin1 and inhibit its activity. However, there is need for novel and smaller Fascin1 inhibitors. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of compound G2 in colorectal cancer cell lines and compare it to migrastatin in in vitro and in vivo assays. Molecular modeling, actin-bundling, cell viability, inmunofluorescence, migration, and invasion assays were carried out in order to test anti-migratory and anti-invasive properties of compound G2. In addition, the in vivo effect of compound G2 was evaluated in a zebrafish model of invasion. HCT-116 cells exhibited the highest Fascin1 expression from eight tested colorectal cancer cell lines. Compound G2 showed important inhibitory effects on actin bundling, filopodia formation, migration, and invasion in different cell lines. Moreover, compound G2 treatment resulted in significant reduction of invasion of DLD-1 overexpressing Fascin1 and HCT-116 in zebrafish larvae xenografts; this effect being less evident in Fascin1 known-down HCT-116 cells. This study proves, for the first time, the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumoral activity of compound G2 on colorectal cancer cells and guides to design improved compound G2-based Fascin1 inhibitors. KEY MESSAGES: • Fascin is crucial for tumor invasion and metastasis and is overexpressed in bad prognostic tumors. • Several adverse tumors overexpress Fascin1 and lack targeted therapy. • Anti-fascin G2 is for the first time evaluated in colorectal carcinoma and compared with migrastatin. • Filopodia formation, migration activity, and invasion in vitro and in vivo assays were performed. • G2 blocks actin structures, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells as fascin-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Montoro-García
- Cell Culture Lab. Health Faculty, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Begoña Alburquerque-González
- Pathology and Histology Department. Heatlh Faculty, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ángel Bernabé-García
- Molecular Oncology and TGF-ß Lab, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Carretera Madrid-Cartagena. El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Bernabé-García
- Telomerase, Cancer and Aging Group, University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Priscila Campioni Rodrigues
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Helena den-Haan
- Eurofins Villapharma Research, Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo. Ctra. El Estrecho-Lobosillo, Km 2,5. Av. Azul E, 30320, Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Luque
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n 18071 Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco José Nicolás
- Molecular Oncology and TGF-ß Lab, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Carretera Madrid-Cartagena. El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Structural Bioinformatics and High Performance Computing (BIO-HPC) Research Group, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
| | - María Luisa Cayuela
- Telomerase, Cancer and Aging Group, University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Institute of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Pathology and Histology Department. Heatlh Faculty, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, s/n, Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain. .,Clinical Analysis Department, Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Biomedical Research Institute from Murcia (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, c/Mezquita sn, 30202, Cartagena, Spain.
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15
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Esteban-Gil A, Pérez-Sanz F, García-Solano J, Alburquerque-González B, Parreño-González MA, Legaz-García MDC, Fernández-Breis JT, Rodriguez-Braun E, Pimentel P, Tuomisto A, Mäkinen M, Slaby O, Conesa-Zamora P. ColPortal, an integrative multiomic platform for analysing epigenetic interactions in colorectal cancer. Sci Data 2019; 6:255. [PMID: 31672979 PMCID: PMC6823353 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Different pathological pathways and molecular drivers have been described and some of the associated markers are used to select effective anti-neoplastic therapy. More recent evidence points to a causal role of microbiota and altered microRNA expression in CRC carcinogenesis, but their relationship with pathological drivers or molecular phenotypes is not clearly established. Joint analysis of clinical and omics data can help clarify such relations. We present ColPortal, a platform that integrates transcriptomic, microtranscriptomic, methylomic and microbiota data of patients with colorectal cancer. ColPortal also includes detailed information of histological features and digital histological slides from the study cases, since histology is a morphological manifestation of a complex molecular change. The current cohort consists of Caucasian patients from Europe. For each patient, demographic information, location, histology, tumor staging, tissue prognostic factors, molecular biomarker status and clinical outcomes are integrated with omics data. ColPortal allows one to perform multiomics analyses for groups of patients selected by their clinical data. Measurement(s) | miRNA • methylation • clinical history • histology • transcription profiling assay • microbiome | Technology Type(s) | DNA sequencing • clinical monitoring • RNA sequencing • amplicon sequencing • ex vivo photography with digital image analysis • methylation profiling by array | Factor Type(s) | tumor status | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Homo sapiens |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9785795
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Esteban-Gil
- Biomedical Informatics & Bioinformatics Platform, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB)/Foundation for Healthcare Training & Research of the Region of Murcia (FFIS), Calle Luis Fontes Pagán 9, 30003, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Fernando Pérez-Sanz
- Biomedical Informatics & Bioinformatics Platform, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB)/Foundation for Healthcare Training & Research of the Region of Murcia (FFIS), Calle Luis Fontes Pagán 9, 30003, Murcia, Spain
| | - José García-Solano
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), Calle Mezquita sn, 30202, Cartagena, Spain.,Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.,Research Group on Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB), Calle Mezquita sn, 30202, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Begoña Alburquerque-González
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Antonia Parreño-González
- Biomedical Informatics & Bioinformatics Platform, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB)/Foundation for Healthcare Training & Research of the Region of Murcia (FFIS), Calle Luis Fontes Pagán 9, 30003, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Legaz-García
- Biomedical Informatics & Bioinformatics Platform, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB)/Foundation for Healthcare Training & Research of the Region of Murcia (FFIS), Calle Luis Fontes Pagán 9, 30003, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Paola Pimentel
- Department of Oncology, HGUSL, Calle Mezquita sn, 30202, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Anne Tuomisto
- Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Aapistie, 9, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markus Mäkinen
- Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Aapistie, 9, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University/Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain. .,Research Group on Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB), Calle Mezquita sn, 30202, Cartagena, Spain. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, HGUSL, Cartagena, Spain.
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16
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García-Solano J, Turpin-Sevilla MDC, García-García F, Carbonell-Muñoz R, Torres-Moreno D, Conesa A, Conesa-Zamora P. Differences in gene expression profiling and biomarkers between histological colorectal carcinoma subsets from the serrated pathway. Histopathology 2019; 75:496-507. [PMID: 31025430 DOI: 10.1111/his.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To discern the differences in expression profiling of two histological subtypes of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) arising from the serrated route (serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) and CRC showing histological and molecular features of a high level of microsatellite instability (hmMSI-H) both sharing common features (female gender, right-sided location, mucinous histology, and altered CpG methylation), but dramatically differing in terms of prognosis, development of an immune response, and treatment options. METHODS AND RESULTS Molecular signatures of SAC and hmMSI-H were obtained by the use of transcriptomic arrays; quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to validate differentially expressed genes. An over-representation of innate immunity functions (granulomonocytic recruitment, chemokine production, Toll-like receptor signalling, and antigen processing and presentation) was obtained from this comparison, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) was more highly expressed in hmMSI-H, whereas two genes [those encoding calcitonin gene-related peptide-receptor component protein and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14)] were more highly expressed in SAC. These array results were subsequently validated by qPCR, and by IHC for CXCL14 and ICAM1. Information retrieved from public databanks confirmed our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight specific functions and genes that provide a better understanding of the role of the immune response in the serrated pathological route and may be of help in identifying actionable molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- José García-Solano
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Francisco García-García
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Carbonell-Muñoz
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Santa Lucía General University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Daniel Torres-Moreno
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Conesa
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Santa Lucía General University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
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17
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Remo A, Fassan M, Vanoli A, Bonetti LR, Barresi V, Tatangelo F, Gafà R, Giordano G, Pancione M, Grillo F, Mastracci L. Morphology and Molecular Features of Rare Colorectal Carcinoma Histotypes. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071036. [PMID: 31340478 PMCID: PMC6678907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several histopathological variants of colorectal carcinoma can be distinguished, some associated with specific molecular profiles. However, in routine practice, ninety/ninety-five percent of all large bowel tumors are diagnosed as conventional adenocarcinoma, even though they are a heterogeneous group including rare histotypes, which are often under-recognized. Indeed, colorectal cancer exhibits differences in incidence, location of tumor, pathogenesis, molecular pathways and outcome depending on histotype. The aim is therefore to review the morphological and molecular features of these rare variants of intestinal carcinomas which may hold the key to differences in prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Remo
- Pathology Unit, Services Department, ULSS9 "Scaligera", 37122 Verona, Italy.
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Reggiani Bonetti
- Department of Diagnostic, Clinic and Public Health Medicine, Anatomic Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Valeria Barresi
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Fabiana Tatangelo
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Gafà
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara and S. Anna University Hospital, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Guido Giordano
- U.O.C. Oncologia Medica, Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Pancione
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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18
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The Molecular Hallmarks of the Serrated Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071017. [PMID: 31330830 PMCID: PMC6678087 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. It includes different subtypes that differ in their clinical and prognostic features. In the past decade, in addition to the conventional adenoma-carcinoma model, an alternative multistep mechanism of carcinogenesis, namely the “serrated pathway”, has been described. Approximately, 15 to 30% of all CRCs arise from neoplastic serrated polyps, a heterogeneous group of lesions that are histologically classified into three morphologic categories: hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, and the traditional serrated adenomas/polyps. Serrated polyps are characterized by genetic (BRAF or KRAS mutations) and epigenetic (CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)) alterations that cooperate to initiate and drive malignant transformation from normal colon mucosa to polyps, and then to CRC. The high heterogeneity of the serrated lesions renders their diagnostic and pathological interpretation difficult. Hence, novel genetic and epigenetic biomarkers are required for better classification and management of CRCs. To date, several molecular alterations have been associated with the serrated polyp-CRC sequence. In addition, the gut microbiota is emerging as a contributor to/modulator of the serrated pathway. This review summarizes the state of the art of the genetic, epigenetic and microbiota signatures associated with serrated CRCs, together with their clinical implications.
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19
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García-Solano J, Turpin MC, Torres-Moreno D, Huertas-López F, Tuomisto A, Mäkinen MJ, Conesa A, Conesa-Zamora P. Two histologically colorectal carcinomas subsets from the serrated pathway show different methylome signatures and diagnostic biomarkers. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:141. [PMID: 30413173 PMCID: PMC6230233 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0571-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered methylation patterns are driving forces in colorectal carcinogenesis. The serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) and sporadic colorectal carcinoma showing histological and molecular features of microsatellite instability (hmMSI-H) are two endpoints of the so-called serrated pathological route sharing some characteristics but displaying a totally different immune response and clinical outcome. However, there are no studies comparing the methylome of these two subtypes of colorectal carcinomas. The methylation status of 450,000 CpG sites using the Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip array was investigated in 48 colorectal specimens, including 39 SACs and 9 matched hmMSI-H. RESULTS Microarray data comparing SAC and hmMSI-H showed an enrichment in functions related to morphogenesis, neurogenesis, cytoskeleton, metabolism, vesicle transport and immune response and also significant differential methylation of 1540 genes, including CD14 and HLA-DOA which were more methylated in hmMSI-H than in SAC and subsequently validated at the CpG, mRNA and protein level using pyrosequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate particular epigenetic regulation patterns in SAC which may help to define key molecules responsible for the characteristic weak immune response of SAC and identify potential targets for treating SAC, which lacks molecular targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José García-Solano
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202, Cartagena, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - María C Turpin
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Carretera Pozuelo-Majadahonda km. 1.800 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Torres-Moreno
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Francisco Huertas-López
- Microbiology and Cell Sciences Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Anne Tuomisto
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Department of Pathology, and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markus J Mäkinen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Department of Pathology, and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ana Conesa
- Microbiology and Cell Sciences Department, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Genomics of Gene Expression Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain.,Genetics Institute, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain. .,Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias (IMIB), Murcia, Spain. .,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202, Cartagena, Spain.
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20
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Loo SK, Ch'ng ES, Lawrie CH, Muruzabal MA, Gaafar A, Pomposo MP, Husin A, Md Salleh MS, Banham AH, Pedersen LM, Møller MB, Green TM, Wong KK. DNMT1 is predictive of survival and associated with Ki-67 expression in R-CHOP-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Pathology 2017; 49:731-739. [PMID: 29074044 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
DNMT1 is a target of approved anti-cancer drugs including decitabine. However, the prognostic value of DNMT1 protein expression in R-CHOP-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) remains unexplored. Here we showed that DNMT1 was expressed in the majority of DLBCL cases (n = 209/230, 90.9%) with higher expression in germinal centre B-cell-like (GCB)-DLBCL subtype. Low and negative DNMT1 expression (20% cut-off, n = 33/230, 14.3%) was predictive of worse overall survival (OS; p < 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS; p < 0.001). Nonetheless, of the 209 DNMT1 positive patients, 33% and 42% did not achieve 5-year OS and PFS, respectively, indicating that DNMT1 positive patients showed considerably heterogeneous outcomes. Moreover, DNMT1 was frequently expressed in mitotic cells and significantly correlated with Ki-67 or BCL6 expression (r = 0.60 or 0.44, respectively; p < 0.001). We demonstrate that DNMT1 is predictive of DLBCL patients' survival, and suggest that DNMT1 could be a DLBCL therapeutic target due to its significant association with Ki-67.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet Kee Loo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ewe Seng Ch'ng
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oncology Department, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Ayman Gaafar
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Azlan Husin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Md Salzihan Md Salleh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Alison H Banham
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lars M Pedersen
- Department of Haematology, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael B Møller
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tina M Green
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kah Keng Wong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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21
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Wong KK, Hussain FA, Loo SK, López JI. Cancer/testis antigen SPATA19 is frequently expressed in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. APMIS 2017; 125:1092-1101. [PMID: 28972294 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis-associated 19 (SPATA19) is a cancer/testis antigen overexpressed in various cancers. However, its protein expression profile in malignant or non-malignant tissues remains unknown. Thus, in this study, we investigated SPATA19 protein expression patterns in a panel of non-malignant human samples and primary prostate cancer (PCa) with or without benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues. SPATA19 was absent in all non-malignant tissues investigated (n=14) except testis and prostate tissues. In terms of malignancies, all PCa cases were positive for SPATA19 exhibiting frequency between 20 and 100% (median 85%) with 63 (52.5%) and 57 (47.5%) cases demonstrating weak/moderate and strong intensities, respectively. Thirty-nine PCa cases (32.5%) contained BPH, and all BPH glands were SPATA19 positive (frequency between 20 and 100%; median 90%) with 13 (33.3%) demonstrating strong SPATA19 expression. Higher SPATA19 expression (higher frequency, intensity, or H-score) was not associated with overall survival or disease-specific survival (DFS) in all PCa cases. However, biochemical recurrence (BR) was associated with worse DFS (p = 0.005) in this cohort of 120 patients, and cases with strong SPATA19 intensity were associated with BR (p = 0.020). In conclusion, we showed that SPATA19 protein was frequently expressed in both BPH and PCa glands, and this warrants future investigations on its pathogenic roles in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Keng Wong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Faezahtul Arbaeyah Hussain
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Suet Kee Loo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - José I López
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces Institute, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
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22
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Barh D, García-Solano ME, Tiwari S, Bhattacharya A, Jain N, Torres-Moreno D, Ferri B, Silva A, Azevedo V, Ghosh P, Blum K, Conesa-Zamora P, Perry G. BARHL1 Is Downregulated in Alzheimer's Disease and May Regulate Cognitive Functions through ESR1 and Multiple Pathways. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100245. [PMID: 28956815 PMCID: PMC5664095 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transcription factor BarH like homeobox 1 (BARHL1) is overexpressed in medulloblastoma and plays a role in neurogenesis. However, much about the BARHL1 regulatory networks and their functions in neurodegenerative and neoplastic disorders is not yet known. In this study, using a tissue microarray (TMA), we report for the first time that BARHL1 is downregulated in hormone-negative breast cancers and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Furthermore, using an integrative bioinformatics approach and mining knockout mouse data, we show that: (i) BARHL1 and Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) may constitute a network that regulates Neurotrophin 3 (NTF3)- and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)-mediated neurogenesis and neural survival; (ii) this is probably linked to AD pathways affecting aberrant post-translational modifications including SUMOylation and ubiquitination; (iii) the BARHL1-ESR1 network possibly regulates β-amyloid metabolism and memory; and (iv) hsa-mir-18a, having common key targets in the BARHL1-ESR1 network and AD pathway, may modulate neuron death, reduce β-amyloid processing and might also be involved in hearing and cognitive decline associated with AD. We have also hypothesized why estrogen replacement therapy improves AD condition. In addition, we have provided a feasible new mechanism to explain the abnormal function of mossy fibers and cerebellar granule cells related to memory and cognitive decline in AD apart from the Tau and amyloid pathogenesis through our BARHL1-ESR1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal 721172, India.
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - María E García-Solano
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain.
- Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Sandeep Tiwari
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal 721172, India.
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Antaripa Bhattacharya
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal 721172, India.
| | - Neha Jain
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal 721172, India.
| | - Daniel Torres-Moreno
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain.
- Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Belén Ferri
- Department of Pathology, Virgen Arrixaca University Hospital (HUVA), Ctra. Madrid Cartagena sn, 30120 El Palmar, Spain.
| | - Artur Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01-Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal 721172, India.
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Kenneth Blum
- Department of Psychiatry & McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain.
- Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - George Perry
- UTSA Neurosciences Institute and Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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23
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Zhao R, Wang Y, Zhang M, Gu X, Wang W, Tan J, Wei X, Jin N. Screening of potential therapy targets for prostate cancer using integrated analysis of two gene expression profiles. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5361-5369. [PMID: 29113170 PMCID: PMC5662906 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze potential therapy targets for prostate cancer using integrated analysis of two gene expression profiles. First, gene expression profiles GSE38241 and GSE3933 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between prostate cancer and normal control samples were identified using the Linear Models for Microarray Data package. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed using Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of DEGs were constructed, on the basis of the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database. The Molecular Complex Detection was utilized to perform module analysis of the PPI networks. In addition, transcriptional regulatory networks were constructed on the basis of the associations between transcription factors (TFs) and target genes. A total of 529 DEGs were identified, including 129 upregulated genes that were primarily associated with to the cell cycle. Additionally, 400 downregulated genes were identified, which were principally enriched in the pathways associated with vascular smooth muscle contraction and focal adhesion. Cell Division Cycle Associated 8, Cell Division Cycle 45, Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme E2 C and Thymidine Kinase 1 were identified as hub genes in the upregulated sub-network. Furthermore, the upregulated TF E2F, and the downregulated TF Early Growth Response 1, were identified to be critical in the transcriptional regulatory networks. The identified DEGs and TFs may have critical roles in the progression of prostate cancer, and may be used as target molecules for treating prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Muchun Zhang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Xinquan Gu
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Jiufeng Tan
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Ning Jin
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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24
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Loo SK, Ch'ng ES, Md Salleh MS, Banham AH, Pedersen LM, Møller MB, Green TM, Wong KK. TRPM4 expression is associated with activated B cell subtype and poor survival in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Histopathology 2017; 71:98-111. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suet K Loo
- Department of Immunology; School of Medical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Ewe S Ch'ng
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Bertam Malaysia
| | - Md Salzihan Md Salleh
- Department of Pathology; School of Medical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Alison H Banham
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences; Radcliffe Department of Medicine; University of Oxford; John Radcliffe Hospital; Oxford UK
| | - Lars M Pedersen
- Department of Haematology; Herlev University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Michael B Møller
- Department of Pathology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - Tina M Green
- Department of Pathology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - Kah K Wong
- Department of Immunology; School of Medical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Kelantan Malaysia
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25
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HIF-1α expression and high microvessel density are characteristic features in serrated colorectal cancer. Virchows Arch 2016; 469:395-404. [PMID: 27421843 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-1988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Serrated colorectal adenocarcinoma (SAC) is a morphologically distinct subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC), in which increased HIF-1α mRNA expression and HIF-1α protein stabilization are typical features. Here we aimed to further elucidate HIF-1α protein expression in serrated and non-serrated colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) and their precursor lesions and its association with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvascular density (MVD). HIF-1α and VEGF expressions were determined immunohistochemically in 134 serrated polyps (SPs), 104 non-serrated adenomas (NSAs), 81 SACs, and 74 matched conventional adenocarcinomas (CCs) and were correlated with morphology, clinicopathological features, and MVD. In premalignant lesions, both HIF-1α and VEGF were expressed in the vast majority of SPs and NSAs. In CRCs, HIF-1α protein was also present in 77.8 % of SACs, while only 20.3 % of CCs were HIF-1α proficient. MVD was significantly higher in SACs, but the serrated morphology was the only significant predictor of MVD in CRC in multivariate analyses. HIF-1α protein is often stabilized in well-vascularized SACs, suggesting hypoxia-independent stabilization of HIF-1α. Moreover, HIF-1α stabilization did not associate with oncogenic activation of BRAF or KRAS or Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutation. Prevalent HIF-1α expression in SAC and its precursors support the importance of HIF-1α-mediated pathways for the serrated route of colorectal carcinogenesis.
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26
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Kanth P, Bronner MP, Boucher KM, Burt RW, Neklason DW, Hagedorn CH, Delker DA. Gene Signature in Sessile Serrated Polyps Identifies Colon Cancer Subtype. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:456-65. [PMID: 27026680 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sessile serrated colon adenoma/polyps (SSA/P) are found during routine screening colonoscopy and may account for 20% to 30% of colon cancers. However, differentiating SSA/Ps from hyperplastic polyps (HP) with little risk of cancer is challenging and complementary molecular markers are needed. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of colon cancer development from SSA/Ps are poorly understood. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on 21 SSA/Ps, 10 HPs, 10 adenomas, 21 uninvolved colon, and 20 control colon specimens. Differential expression and leave-one-out cross-validation methods were used to define a unique gene signature of SSA/Ps. Our SSA/P gene signature was evaluated in colon cancer RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify a subtype of colon cancers that may develop from SSA/Ps. A total of 1,422 differentially expressed genes were found in SSA/Ps relative to controls. Serrated polyposis syndrome (n = 12) and sporadic SSA/Ps (n = 9) exhibited almost complete (96%) gene overlap. A 51-gene panel in SSA/P showed similar expression in a subset of TCGA colon cancers with high microsatellite instability. A smaller 7-gene panel showed high sensitivity and specificity in identifying BRAF-mutant, CpG island methylator phenotype high, and MLH1-silenced colon cancers. We describe a unique gene signature in SSA/Ps that identifies a subset of colon cancers likely to develop through the serrated pathway. These gene panels may be utilized for improved differentiation of SSA/Ps from HPs and provide insights into novel molecular pathways altered in colon cancer arising from the serrated pathway. Cancer Prev Res; 9(6); 456-65. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kanth
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Mary P Bronner
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kenneth M Boucher
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah. Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Randall W Burt
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Deborah W Neklason
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Curt H Hagedorn
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. The Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Don A Delker
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Biomarkers for the identification of precursor polyps of colorectal serrated adenocarcinomas. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:243-52. [PMID: 26832730 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast to conventional colorectal carcinomas (CCs), which develop through a so-called chromosome instability or suppressor phenotype pathway, the sequence of events leading from precursor polyps/adenomas to serrated adenocarcinomas (SACs), which are more aggressive and exhibit a poorer survival than CCs, is as yet not clearly defined. Here, we aimed at detecting protein and DNA biomarkers for SAC in a series of primary colorectal polyps. METHODS In total 303 colorectal polyps were included: 121 serrated polyps (33 hyperplastic polyps, 37 sessile serrated adenomas (SSA), 51 traditional serrated adenomas (TSA)), 143 conventional polyps (72 tubular polyps, 34 tubulovillous polyps, 37 villious adenomas), and 39 bi-phenotypic serrated-conventional polyps. The protein biomarkers tested were deduced from previously published SAC and CC expression profiling studies. A representative subset of 106 polyps was selected for DNA biomarker analyses, i.e., proto-oncogene mutation and microsatellite instability (MSI) status. In order to confer proper weight to each biomarker, a multivariate logistic regression model was employed. RESULTS We found that serrated and conventional polyps differed in most of the SAC biomarkers tested. Of these biomarkers, FSCN1 showed the largest difference in expression (p = 0.0001). Despite sharing a serrated morphology, we found that SSAs and TSAs differed considerably with respect to anatomical location, expression of EPHB2 and PTCH1, presence of the V600E BRAF mutation and MSI status. Logistic regression analysis revealed that SSA was the polyp type that shared most biomarkers with SAC. CONCLUSION Based on the shared presence of protein and molecular biomarkers, especially FSCN1 expression, SSA may serve as a precursor lesion of SAC. Biomarker assessment may help in discerning colorectal carcinogenic routes with distinct prognostic implications.
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Conesa-Zamora P, García-Solano J, Turpin MDC, Sebastián-León P, Torres-Moreno D, Estrada E, Tuomisto A, Wilce J, Mäkinen MJ, Pérez-Guillermo M, Conesa A. Methylome profiling reveals functions and genes which are differentially methylated in serrated compared to conventional colorectal carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:101. [PMID: 26388956 PMCID: PMC4574063 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) is a recently recognized colorectal cancer (CRC) subtype accounting for 7.5–8.7 % of CRCs. It has been shown that SAC has a worse prognosis and different histological and molecular features compared to conventional carcinoma (CC) but, to date, there is no study analysing its methylome profile. Results The methylation status of 450,000 CpG sites using the Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip array was investigated in 103 colorectal specimens, including 39 SACs and 34 matched CCs, from Spanish and Finnish patients. Microarray data showed a higher representation of morphogenesis-, neurogenesis-, cytoskeleton- and vesicle transport-related functions and also significant differential methylation of 15 genes, including the iodothyronine deiodinase DIO3 and the forkhead family transcription factor FOXD2 genes which were validated at the CpG, mRNA and protein level using pyrosequencing, methylation-specific PCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. A quantification study of the methylation status of CpG sequences in FOXD2 demonstrated a novel region controlling gene expression. Moreover, differences in these markers were also evident when comparing SAC with CRC showing molecular and histological features of high-level microsatellite instability. Conclusions This methylome study demonstrates distinct epigenetic regulation patterns in SAC which are consistent to previous expression profile studies and that DIO3 and FOXD2 might be molecular targets for a specific histology-oriented treatment of CRC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-015-0128-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain ; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - José García-Solano
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain ; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Sebastián-León
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Torres-Moreno
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Eduardo Estrada
- Department of Social Psychology and Methodology, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Tuomisto
- Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jamie Wilce
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Pérez-Guillermo
- Department of Pathology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), C/Mezquita s/n, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Ana Conesa
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain ; Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
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Ito M, Kanno S, Nosho K, Sukawa Y, Mitsuhashi K, Kurihara H, Igarashi H, Takahashi T, Tachibana M, Takahashi H, Yoshii S, Takenouchi T, Hasegawa T, Okita K, Hirata K, Maruyama R, Suzuki H, Imai K, Yamamoto H, Shinomura Y. Association ofFusobacterium nucleatumwith clinical and molecular features in colorectal serrated pathway. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1258-68. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Shinichi Kanno
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Nosho
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Yasutaka Sukawa
- Department of Medical Oncology; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School; Boston MA
| | - Kei Mitsuhashi
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kurihara
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Igarashi
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Taiga Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Mami Tachibana
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology; Keiyukai Sapporo Hospital; Sapporo Japan
| | - Shinji Yoshii
- Department of Gastroenterology; NTT East Sapporo Hospital; Sapporo Japan
| | | | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Kenji Okita
- Department of Surgery; Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Koichi Hirata
- Department of Surgery; Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Reo Maruyama
- Department of Molecular Biology; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiromu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Biology; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Kohzoh Imai
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; St. Marianna University School of Medicine; Kawasaki Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Shinomura
- Department of Gastroenterology; Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
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The molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and its potential application to colorectal cancer screening. Dig Dis Sci 2015; 60:762-72. [PMID: 25492499 PMCID: PMC4779895 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in our understanding of the molecular genetics and epigenetics of colorectal cancer have led to novel insights into the pathogenesis of this common cancer. These advances have revealed that there are molecular subtypes of colon polyps and colon cancer and that these molecular subclasses have unique and discrete clinical and pathological features. Although the molecular characterization of these subgroups of colorectal polyps and cancer is only partially understood at this time, it does appear likely that classifying colon polyps and cancers based on their genomic instability and/or epigenomic instability status will eventually be useful for informing approaches for the prevention and early detection of colon polyps and colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we will discuss our current understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the polyp to cancer sequence and the potential to use this information to direct screening and prevention programs.
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31
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Sajanti SA, Väyrynen JP, Sirniö P, Klintrup K, Mäkelä J, Tuomisto A, Mäkinen MJ. Annexin A10 is a marker for the serrated pathway of colorectal carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2014; 466:5-12. [PMID: 25395067 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC), representing at least 10 % of colorectal carcinomas (CRC), differs from conventional carcinomas not only by its histology, but also by its molecular basis. However, the diagnosis of SAC in poorly differentiated cases and without an adjacent serrated adenoma can be challenging. In this study, we utilized previously described expression data and identified annexin A10 (ANXA10) as a potential marker for SAC. We conducted ANXA10 immunohistochemistry in groups of 146 CRC patients and 131 serrated and conventional polyps. In CRC cases, ANXA10 expression associated with serrated histology (sensitivity 42 % and specificity 98 %). BRAF V600E mutation correlated with ANXA10 expression but also seven BRAF wild-type tumors (5 %) were positive for ANXA10. Immunoreactivity for either ANXA10 or BRAF V600E was an accurate predictor of serrated histology (sensitivity 55 % and specificity 97 %). ANXA10 expression did not associate with tumor stage or grade. Of the 131 colorectal polyps, 30/30 of sessile serrated adenomas, 6/11 traditional serrated adenomas, 20/32 hyperplastic polyps, and 2/27 tubulovillous adenomas were positive for ANXA10, while 31/31 tubular adenomas were negative. In conclusion, the results suggest that ANXA10 is a marker with high specificity for the serrated pathway of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Sajanti
- Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
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32
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Sajanti SA, Väyrynen JP, Sirniö P, Klintrup K, Mäkelä J, Tuomisto A, Mäkinen MJ. Annexin A10 is a marker for the serrated pathway of colorectal carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2014. [PMID: 25395067 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1683-6014-1683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC), representing at least 10 % of colorectal carcinomas (CRC), differs from conventional carcinomas not only by its histology, but also by its molecular basis. However, the diagnosis of SAC in poorly differentiated cases and without an adjacent serrated adenoma can be challenging. In this study, we utilized previously described expression data and identified annexin A10 (ANXA10) as a potential marker for SAC. We conducted ANXA10 immunohistochemistry in groups of 146 CRC patients and 131 serrated and conventional polyps. In CRC cases, ANXA10 expression associated with serrated histology (sensitivity 42 % and specificity 98 %). BRAF V600E mutation correlated with ANXA10 expression but also seven BRAF wild-type tumors (5 %) were positive for ANXA10. Immunoreactivity for either ANXA10 or BRAF V600E was an accurate predictor of serrated histology (sensitivity 55 % and specificity 97 %). ANXA10 expression did not associate with tumor stage or grade. Of the 131 colorectal polyps, 30/30 of sessile serrated adenomas, 6/11 traditional serrated adenomas, 20/32 hyperplastic polyps, and 2/27 tubulovillous adenomas were positive for ANXA10, while 31/31 tubular adenomas were negative. In conclusion, the results suggest that ANXA10 is a marker with high specificity for the serrated pathway of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Sajanti
- Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
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Naito T, Nosho K, Ito M, Igarashi H, Mitsuhashi K, Yoshii S, Aoki H, Nomura M, Sukawa Y, Yamamoto E, Adachi Y, Takahashi H, Hosokawa M, Fujita M, Takenouchi T, Maruyama R, Suzuki H, Baba Y, Imai K, Yamamoto H, Ogino S, Shinomura Y. IGF2 differentially methylated region hypomethylation in relation to pathological and molecular features of serrated lesions. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:10050-10061. [PMID: 25110432 PMCID: PMC4123334 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.10050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) differentially methylated region (DMR)0 hypomethylation in relation to clinicopathological and molecular features in colorectal serrated lesions.
METHODS: To accurately analyze the association between the histological types and molecular features of each type of serrated lesion, we consecutively collected 1386 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens that comprised all histological types [hyperplastic polyps (HPs, n = 121), sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs, n = 132), traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs, n = 111), non-serrated adenomas (n = 195), and colorectal cancers (CRCs, n = 827)]. We evaluated the methylation levels of IGF2 DMR0 and long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) in HPs (n = 115), SSAs (n = 120), SSAs with cytological dysplasia (n = 10), TSAs (n = 91), TSAs with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) (n = 15), non-serrated adenomas (n = 80), non-serrated adenomas with HGD (n = 105), and CRCs (n = 794). For the accurate quantification of the relative methylation levels (scale 0%-100%) of IGF2 DMR0 and LINE-1, we used bisulfite pyrosequencing method. Tumor specimens were analyzed for microsatellite instability, KRAS (codons 12 and 13), BRAF (V600E), and PIK3CA (exons 9 and 20) mutations; MLH1 and MGMT methylation; and IGF2 expression by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: The distribution of the IGF2 DMR0 methylation level in 351 serrated lesions and 185 non-serrated adenomas (with or without HGD) was as follows: mean 61.7, median 62.5, SD 18.0, range 5.0-99.0, interquartile range 49.5-74.4. The IGF2 DMR0 methylation level was divided into quartiles (Q1 ≥ 74.5, Q2 62.6-74.4, Q3 49.6-62.5, Q4 ≤ 49.5) for further analysis. With regard to the histological type, the IGF2 DMR0 methylation levels of SSAs (mean ± SD, 73.1 ± 12.3) were significantly higher than those of HPs (61.9 ± 20.5), TSAs (61.6 ± 19.6), and non-serrated adenomas (59.0 ± 15.8) (P < 0.0001). The IGF2 DMR0 methylation level was inversely correlated with the IGF2 expression level (r = -0.21, P = 0.0051). IGF2 DMR0 hypomethylation was less frequently detected in SSAs compared with HPs, TSAs, and non-serrated adenomas (P < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis also showed that IGF2 DMR0 hypomethylation was inversely associated with SSAs (P < 0.0001). The methylation levels of IGF2 DMR0 and LINE-1 in TSAs with HGD (50.2 ± 18.7 and 55.7 ± 5.4, respectively) were significantly lower than those in TSAs (61.6 ± 19.6 and 58.8 ± 4.7, respectively) (IGF2 DMR0, P = 0.038; LINE-1, P = 0.024).
CONCLUSION: IGF2 DMR0 hypomethylation may be an infrequent epigenetic alteration in the SSA pathway. Hypomethylation of IGF2 DMR0 and LINE-1 may play a role in TSA pathway progression.
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Claudin-1 Expression Is Elevated in Colorectal Cancer Precursor Lesions Harboring the BRAF V600E Mutation. Transl Oncol 2014; 7:456-63. [PMID: 24954356 PMCID: PMC4202803 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/P) are now recognised precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC) including cancers harbouring somatic BRAF (V600E) mutations. While the morphological diagnostic criteria of SSA/P have been established, distinguishing between small/early SSA/P and microvesicular hyperplastic polyps (MVHP) is challenging and may not be possible in routine practice. METHODS: Gene expression profiling of MVHP (n=5, all BRAF V600E wild-type) and SSA/P (n=5, all BRAF V600E mutant) samples was performed. Quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to verify the expression of claudin 1 (CLDN1) in MVHP and SSA/P. RESULTS: Gene expression profiling studies conducted between MVHP and SSA/P identified CLDN1 as the most statistically significant differentially expressed gene (p<0.05). Validation with qRT-PCR confirmed an up-regulation of CLDN1 in BRAF V600E mutant polyps regardless of polyp type (p<0.0005). Immunohistochemical analysis of CLDN1 expression in BRAF V600E mutant SSA/Ps (n=53) and MVHPs (n=111) and BRAF wild-type MVHPs (n=58), demonstrated a strong correlation between CLDN1 expression and the BRAF V600E mutation in both SSA/P and MVHP samples when compared to wild-type polyps (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates an up regulation of CLDN1 protein in serrated colorectal polyps including MVHP harbouring the BRAF V600E mutation. Our results demonstrated an apparent heterogeneity on the molecular level within the MVHP group and suggest that MVHP with somatic BRAF V600E mutation and up-regulated expression of CLDN1 are closely related to SSA/P and may in fact represent a continuous spectrum of the same neoplastic process within the serrated pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Ito M, Mitsuhashi K, Igarashi H, Nosho K, Naito T, Yoshii S, Takahashi H, Fujita M, Sukawa Y, Yamamoto E, Takahashi T, Adachi Y, Nojima M, Sasaki Y, Tokino T, Baba Y, Maruyama R, Suzuki H, Imai K, Yamamoto H, Shinomura Y. MicroRNA-31 expression in relation to BRAF mutation, CpG island methylation and colorectal continuum in serrated lesions. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:2507-15. [PMID: 24752710 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is a distinct form of epigenomic instability. Many CIMP-high colorectal cancers (CRCs) with BRAF mutation are considered to arise from serrated pathway. We recently reported that microRNA-31 (miR-31) is associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal tumors. Emerging new approaches have revealed gradual changes in BRAF mutation and CIMP-high throughout the colorectum in CRCs. Here, we attempted to identify a possible association between miR-31 and epigenetic features in serrated pathway, and hypothesized that miR-31 supports the "colorectal continuum" concept. We evaluated miR-31 expression, BRAF mutation and epigenetic features including CIMP status in 381 serrated lesions and 222 non-serrated adenomas and examined associations between them and tumor location (rectum; sigmoid, descending, transverse and ascending colon and cecum). A significant association was observed between high miR-31 expression and CIMP-high status in serrated lesions with BRAF mutation (p = 0.0001). In contrast, miR-31 was slightly but insignificantly associated with CIMP status in the cases with wild-type BRAF. miR-31 expression in sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) with cytological dysplasia was higher than that in SSAs, whereas, no significant difference was observed between traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) and TSAs with high-grade dysplasia. The frequency of miR-31, BRAF mutation CIMP-high and MLH1 methylation increased gradually from the rectum to cecum in serrated lesions. In conclusion, miR-31 expression was associated with CIMP-high status in serrated lesions with BRAF mutation. Our data also suggested that miR-31 plays an important role in SSA evolution and may be a molecule supporting the colorectal continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Shia J, Holck S, Depetris G, Greenson JK, Klimstra DS. Lynch syndrome-associated neoplasms: a discussion on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Fam Cancer 2014; 12:241-60. [PMID: 23435936 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-013-9612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
It was a century ago that Warthin, a pathologist, first described the clinical condition now known as Lynch syndrome. One hundred years later, our understanding of this syndrome has advanced significantly. Much of the progress took place over the last 25 years and was marked by a series of interacting developments from the disciplines of clinical oncology, pathology, and molecular genetics, with each development serving to guide or enhance the next. The advancement of our understanding about the pathology of Lynch syndrome associated tumors exemplifies such intimate interplay among disciplines. Today, accumulative knowledge has enabled surgical pathologists to detect tumors that are likely to be associated with Lynch syndrome, and the pathologist is playing an increasingly more important role in the care of these patients. The pathologist's ability is afforded primarily by information gained from tumor histopathology and by DNA mismatch repair protein immunohistochemistry. It is therefore pertinent both for the pathologists to accurately ascertain this morphologic information, and for all that are involved in the care of these patients to thoroughly understand the implications of such information. This article provides an overview of the development of histopathology and immunohistochemistry in Lynch syndrome-associated tumors, particularly in colorectal and endometrial cancers, and outlines the issues and current status of these specific pathologic aspects in not only the major tumors but also those less commonly seen or only newly reported in Lynch syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Shia
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Marin JJG, Briz O, Monte MJ, Blazquez AG, Macias RIR. Genetic variants in genes involved in mechanisms of chemoresistance to anticancer drugs. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2012. [PMID: 22229248 DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0025217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Refractoriness to the pharmacological treatment of cancer is dependent on the expression levels of genes involved in mechanisms of chemoresistance and on the existence of genetic variants that may affect their function. Thus, changes in genes encoding solute carriers may account for considerable inter-individual variability in drug uptake and the lack of sensitivity to the substrates of these transporters. Moreover, changes in proteins involved in drug export can affect their subcellular localization and transport ability and hence may also modify the bioavailability of antitumor agents. Regarding pro-drug activation or drug inactivation, genetic variants are responsible for changes in the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affect drug clearance and may determine the lack of response to anticancer chemotherapy. The presence of genetic variants may also decrease the sensitivity to pharmacological agents acting through molecular targets or signaling pathways. Recent investigations suggest that changes in genes involved in DNA repair may affect the response to platinum-based drugs. Since most anticancer agents activate cell death pathways, the evasion of apoptosis plays an important role in chemoresistance. Several genetic variants affecting death-receptor pathways, the mitochondrial pathway, downstream caspases and their natural modulators, and the p53 pathway, whose elements are mutated in more than half of tumors, and survival pathways, have been reported. The present review summarizes the available data regarding the role of genetic variants in the different mechanisms of chemoresistance and discusses their potential impact in clinical practice and in the development of tools to predict and overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J G Marin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Campus Miguel de Unamuno E.I.D., Salamanca, Spain.
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