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Xu L, Fan YH, Zhang XJ, Bai L. Unraveling the relationship between histone methylation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:703-715. [PMID: 38818286 PMCID: PMC11135277 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses a significant health challenge in modern societies due to shifts in lifestyle and dietary habits. Its complexity stems from genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and metabolic factors. Epigenetic processes govern various cellular functions such as transcription, chromatin structure, and cell division. In NAFLD, these epigenetic tendencies, especially the process of histone methylation, are intricately intertwined with fat accumulation in the liver. Histone methylation is regulated by different enzymes like methyltransferases and demethylases and influences the expression of genes related to adipogenesis. While early-stage NAFLD is reversible, its progression to severe stages becomes almost irreversible. Therefore, early detection and intervention in NAFLD are crucial, and understanding the precise role of histone methylation in the early stages of NAFLD could be vital in halting or potentially reversing the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases; Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yu-Hong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases; Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases, Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of New Targets Discovery and Drug Development for Major Diseases; Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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2
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Abraham E, Athapaththu AMGK, Atanasova KR, Chen QY, Corcoran TJ, Piloto J, Wu CW, Ratnayake R, Luesch H, Choe KP. Chemical Genetics in C. elegans Identifies Anticancer Mycotoxins Chaetocin and Chetomin as Potent Inducers of a Nuclear Metal Homeostasis Response. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:1180-1193. [PMID: 38652683 PMCID: PMC11102292 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
C. elegans numr-1/2 (nuclear-localized metal-responsive) is an identical gene pair encoding a nuclear protein previously shown to be activated by cadmium and disruption of the integrator RNA metabolism complex. We took a chemical genetic approach to further characterize regulation of this novel metal response by screening 41,716 compounds and extracts for numr-1p::GFP activation. The most potent activator was chaetocin, a fungal 3,6-epidithiodiketopiperazine (ETP) with promising anticancer activity. Chaetocin activates numr-1/2 strongly in the alimentary canal but is distinct from metal exposure, because it represses canonical cadmium-responsive metallothionine genes. Chaetocin has diverse targets in cancer cells including thioredoxin reductase, histone lysine methyltransferase, and acetyltransferase p300/CBP; further work is needed to identify the mechanism in C. elegans as genetic disruption and RNAi screening of homologues did not induce numr-1/2 in the alimentary canal and chaetocin did not affect markers of integrator dysfunction. We demonstrate that disulfides in chaetocin and chetomin, a dimeric ETP analog, are required to induce numr-1/2. ETP monomer gliotoxin, despite possessing a disulfide linkage, had almost no effect on numr-1/2, suggesting a dimer requirement. Chetomin inhibits C. elegans growth at low micromolar levels, and loss of numr-1/2 increases sensitivity; C. elegans and Chaetomiaceae fungi inhabit similar environments raising the possibility that numr-1/2 functions as a defense mechanism. There is no direct orthologue of numr-1/2 in humans, but RNaseq suggests that chaetocin affects expression of cellular processes linked to stress response and metal homeostasis in colorectal cancer cells. Our results reveal interactions between metal response gene regulation and ETPs and identify a potential mechanism of resistance to this versatile class of preclinical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Abraham
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | - Kalina R. Atanasova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Qi-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Taylor J. Corcoran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Juan Piloto
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Cheng-Wei Wu
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S&N 5B4 Canada
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Keith P. Choe
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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3
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Xin DE, Liao Y, Rao R, Ogurek S, Sengupta S, Xin M, Bayat AE, Seibel WL, Graham RT, Koschmann C, Lu QR. Chaetocin-mediated SUV39H1 inhibition targets stemness and oncogenic networks of diffuse midline gliomas and synergizes with ONC201. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:735-748. [PMID: 38011799 PMCID: PMC10995509 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG/DMG) are devastating pediatric brain tumors with extraordinarily limited treatment options and uniformly fatal prognosis. Histone H3K27M mutation is a common recurrent alteration in DIPG and disrupts epigenetic regulation. We hypothesize that genome-wide H3K27M-induced epigenetic dysregulation makes tumors vulnerable to epigenetic targeting. METHODS We performed a screen of compounds targeting epigenetic enzymes to identify potential inhibitors for the growth of patient-derived DIPG cells. We further carried out transcriptomic and genomic landscape profiling including RNA-seq and CUT&RUN-seq as well as shRNA-mediated knockdown to assess the effects of chaetocin and SUV39H1, a target of chaetocin, on DIPG growth. RESULTS High-throughput small-molecule screening identified an epigenetic compound chaetocin as a potent blocker of DIPG cell growth. Chaetocin treatment selectively decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of DIPG cells and significantly extended survival in DIPG xenograft models, while restoring H3K27me3 levels. Moreover, the loss of H3K9 methyltransferase SUV39H1 inhibited DIPG cell growth. Transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling indicated that SUV39H1 loss or inhibition led to the downregulation of stemness and oncogenic networks including growth factor receptor signaling and stemness-related programs; however, D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) signaling adaptively underwent compensatory upregulation conferring resistance. Consistently, a combination of chaetocin treatment with a DRD2 antagonist ONC201 synergistically increased the antitumor efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal a therapeutic vulnerability of DIPG cells through targeting the SUV39H1-H3K9me3 pathway and compensatory signaling loops for treating this devastating disease. Combining SUV39H1-targeting chaetocin with other agents such as ONC201 may offer a new strategy for effective DIPG treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhuan Eric Xin
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Yunfei Liao
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Rohit Rao
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sean Ogurek
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Soma Sengupta
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mei Xin
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Arman Esshaghi Bayat
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - William L Seibel
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Richard T Graham
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Q Richard Lu
- Brain Tumor Center, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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4
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Wu X, Shen Y, Meng Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zeng S, Xu H. Suv39h1 contributes to activation of hepatic stellate cells in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by enabling anaerobic glycolysis. Life Sci 2024; 341:122498. [PMID: 38340980 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global epidemic. Excessive fibrogenesis, characterized by activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), is a hallmark event in late stages of NAFLD. HSC activation is metabolically programmed by anaerobic glycolysis. In the present study we investigated the involvement of suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (Suv39h1), a lysine methyltransferase, in NAFLD-associated liver fibrosis. METHODS AND MATERIALS Liver fibrosis was induced by feeding the mice with a methionine-and-choline deficient (MCD) diet for 8 weeks. RESULTS We report that germline deletion of Suv39h1 attenuated liver fibrosis in mice fed an MCD diet. In addition, HSC conditional deletion of Suv39h1 similarly ameliorated liver fibrosis in the NAFLD mice. Interestingly, co-culturing with hepatocytes exposed to palmitate promoted glycolysis in wild type HSCs but not in Suv39h1 deficient HSCs. Mechanistically, Suv39h1 facilitated the recruitment of hypoxia induced factor (HIF-1α) to stimulate the transcription of hexokinase 2 (HK2) in HSCs thereby enhancing glycolysis. Importantly, a positive correlation between Suv39h1, HK2, and myofibroblast markers was identified in liver specimens from NAFLD patients. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, our data identify a novel pathway that contributes to the liver fibrosis and points to the possibility of targeting Suv39h1 for the intervention of liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzhou Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan Third People's Hospital, Kunshan, China
| | - Yufei Meng
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinsi Chen
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchen Zhang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Zeng
- Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Huihui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Phoyen S, Sanpavat A, Ma-on C, Stein U, Hirankarn N, Tangkijvanich P, Jindatip D, Whongsiri P, Boonla C. H4K20me3 upregulated by reactive oxygen species is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22589. [PMID: 38144275 PMCID: PMC10746411 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alteration by oxidative stress is vitally involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Previously, we demonstrated that oxidative stress was increased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and associated with tumor aggressiveness. Herein, we immunohistochemically investigated whether histone methylation, specifically H4K20me3, was upregulated in human hepatic tissues obtained from HCC patients (n = 100). Also, we experimentally explored if the H4K20me3 was upregulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contributed to tumor progression in HCC cell lines. We found that H4K20me3 level was increased in HCC tissues compared with the adjacent noncancerous liver tissues. H3K9me3 and H3K4me3 levels were also increased in HCC tissues. Cox regression analysis revealed that the elevated H4K20me3 level was associated with tumor recurrence and short survival in HCC patients. Experimentally, H2O2 provoked oxidative stress and induced H4K20me3 formation in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Transcript expression of histone methyltransferase Suv420h2 (for H4K20me3), Suv39h1 (for H3K9me3), and Smyd3 (for H3K4me3) were upregulated in H2O2-treated HCC cells. H2O2 also induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC cells, indicated by decreased E-cadherin but increased α-SMA and MMP-9 mRNA expression. Migration, invasion, and colony formation in HCC cells were markedly increased following the H2O2 exposure. Inhibition of H4K20me3 formation by A196 (a selective inhibitor of Suv420h2) attenuated EMT and reduced tumor migration in H2O2-treated HCC cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that H4K20me3 level was increased in human HCC tissues, and it was independently associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. ROS upregulated H4K20me3 formation, induced mRNA expression of EMT markers, and promoted tumor progression in human HCC cells. Inhibition of H4K20me3 formation reduced EMT and tumor aggressive phenotypes in ROS-treated HCC cells. Possibly, ROS-induced EMT and tumor progression in HCC cells was epigenetically mediated through an increased formation of repressive chromatin H4K20me3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchittra Phoyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anapat Sanpavat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chakriwong Ma-on
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Depicha Jindatip
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharawalai Whongsiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanchai Boonla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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6
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Zhang Y, Lao W, Yang K, Kong X, Li Y, Yu X, Wang X, Liu Y, Li Z, Deng Y, Nie S, Bi C, Wu C, Zhai A. SUV39H1 is a novel biomarker targeting oxidative phosphorylation in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1159. [PMID: 38017386 PMCID: PMC10683103 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a histone methyltransferase, suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer. To explore the mechanism and biological function of SUV39H1 in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) can gain an insight into the pathogenesis of HBV-HCC. METHODS The effect of HBV infection on SUV39H1 in hepatoma cells was detected. CCK-8, colony growth assay and wound healing assay were used to assess the proliferation and migration of HBV-positive hepatoma cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was applied to find differential genes and enriched pathways. The serum SUV39H1 level in HBV-HCC patients was detected and its correlation with clinical indicators was analyzed. RESULTS SUV39H1 was increased by HBV infection and promoted the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells. SUV39H1 could upregulate the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway-related genes. OXPHOS pathway inhibitors could reduce the capacity of proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells after overexpressing SUV39H1. Serum SUV39H1 levels were higher in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients than in healthy controls and higher in HBV-HCC patients than in CHB patients. In the diagnosis of HCC, the predictive value of SUV39H1 combined with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was better than that of AFP alone. CONCLUSION SUV39H1 is regulated by HBV infection and promotes the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells by targeting OXPHOS pathway. It indicates that SUV39H1 may be a new biomarker of the diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wanwen Lao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Kaming Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xinyi Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yuetong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xumeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yilin Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Shuping Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Changlong Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Aixia Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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7
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Gaggioli V, Lo CSY, Reverón-Gómez N, Jasencakova Z, Domenech H, Nguyen H, Sidoli S, Tvardovskiy A, Uruci S, Slotman JA, Chai Y, Gonçalves JGSCS, Manolika EM, Jensen ON, Wheeler D, Sridharan S, Chakrabarty S, Demmers J, Kanaar R, Groth A, Taneja N. Dynamic de novo heterochromatin assembly and disassembly at replication forks ensures fork stability. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1017-1032. [PMID: 37414849 PMCID: PMC10344782 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin is dynamically reorganized when DNA replication forks are challenged. However, the process of epigenetic reorganization and its implication for fork stability is poorly understood. Here we discover a checkpoint-regulated cascade of chromatin signalling that activates the histone methyltransferase EHMT2/G9a to catalyse heterochromatin assembly at stressed replication forks. Using biochemical and single molecule chromatin fibre approaches, we show that G9a together with SUV39h1 induces chromatin compaction by accumulating the repressive modifications, H3K9me1/me2/me3, in the vicinity of stressed replication forks. This closed conformation is also favoured by the G9a-dependent exclusion of the H3K9-demethylase JMJD1A/KDM3A, which facilitates heterochromatin disassembly upon fork restart. Untimely heterochromatin disassembly from stressed forks by KDM3A enables PRIMPOL access, triggering single-stranded DNA gap formation and sensitizing cells towards chemotherapeutic drugs. These findings may help in explaining chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis observed in patients with cancer displaying elevated levels of G9a/H3K9me3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gaggioli
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Calvin S Y Lo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nazaret Reverón-Gómez
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zuzana Jasencakova
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heura Domenech
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hong Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, VILLUM Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences and Centre for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Andrey Tvardovskiy
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, VILLUM Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences and Centre for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics (IFE), Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sidrit Uruci
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan A Slotman
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Optical Imaging Centre, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yi Chai
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Eleni Maria Manolika
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ole N Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, VILLUM Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences and Centre for Epigenetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - David Wheeler
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sriram Sridharan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Jeroen Demmers
- Proteomics Center and Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Kanaar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anja Groth
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nitika Taneja
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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8
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Wang L, Jiang Q, Chen S, Wang S, Lu J, Gao X, Zhang D, Jin X. Natural epidithiodiketopiperazine alkaloids as potential anticancer agents: Recent mechanisms of action, structural modification, and synthetic strategies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 137:106642. [PMID: 37276722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has become a grave health crisis that threatens the lives of millions of people worldwide. Because of the drawbacks of the available anticancer drugs, the development of novel and efficient anticancer agents should be encouraged. Epidithiodiketopiperazine (ETP) alkaloids with a 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) ring equipped with transannular disulfide or polysulfide bridges or S-methyl moieties constitute a special subclass of fungal natural products. Owing to their privileged sulfur units and intriguing architectural structures, ETP alkaloids exhibit excellent anticancer activities by regulating multiple cancer proteins/signaling pathways, including HIF-1, NF-κB, NOTCH, Wnt, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, or by inducing cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. Furthermore, a series of ETP alkaloid derivatives obtained via structural modification showed more potent anticancer activity than natural ETP alkaloids. To solve supply difficulties from natural resources, the total synthetic routes for several ETP alkaloids have been designed. In this review, we summarized several ETP alkaloids with anticancer properties with particular emphasis on their underlying mechanisms of action, structural modifications, and synthetic strategies, which will offer guidance to design and innovate potential anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- China Medical University-Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- The 1st Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xun Gao
- Jiangsu Institute Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Zhou J, Xie H, Liu J, Huang R, Xiang Y, Tian D, Bian E. PIWI-interacting RNAs: Critical roles and therapeutic targets in cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 562:216189. [PMID: 37076042 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a novel class of small regulatory RNAs (approximately 24-31 nucleotides in length) that often bind to members of the PIWI protein family. piRNAs regulate transposons in animal germ cells; piRNAs are also specifically expressed in many human tissues and regulate pivotal signaling pathways. Additionally, the abnormal expression of piRNAs and PIWI proteins has been associated with various malignant tumours, and multiple mechanisms of piRNA-mediated target gene dysregulation are involved in tumourigenesis and progression, suggesting that they have the potential to serve as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumours. However, the functions and potential mechanisms of action of piRNAs in cancer have not yet been elucidated. This review summarises the current findings on the biogenesis, function, and mechanisms of piRNAs and PIWI proteins in cancer. We also discuss the clinical significance of piRNAs as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools for cancer. Finally, we present some critical questions regarding piRNA research that need to be addressed to provide insight into the future development of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medical, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Ruixiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yufei Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Dasheng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Fu Rong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China; Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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10
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Zhang Y, Qian S, Wen Q, Lei Y, Ge J, Kong X, Wang W, Wang Z, Hou H, Tang C, Wu S, Wang G, Li W, Zhang M, Zhang X, Chen Q. SUV39H1 is a prognosis and immune microenvironment-related biomarker in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03128-2. [PMID: 37029239 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the oncogenesis and treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The H3K9me3-specific histone methyltransferase Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) is a significant gene that promotes the progression of various malignancies. However, the specific expression of SUV39H1 in DLBCL remains unclear. METHODS By retrieving data from GEPIA, UCSC XENA and TCGA public databases, we observed the high expression of SUV39H1 in DLBCL. Combined with an immunohistochemical validation assay, we analyzed our hospital's clinical characteristics and prognosis of 67 DLBCL patients. The results showed that high SUV39H1 expression was closely associated with age over 50 years (P = 0.014) and low albumin levels (P = 0.023) of patients. Furthermore, the experiments in vitro were deployed to evaluate the regulation of SUV39H1 on the DLBCL immune microenvironment. RESULTS The results showed that high SUV39H1 expression was closely associated with age over 50 years (P = 0.014) and low albumin levels (P = 0.023) of patients. The prognostic analysis showed that the high SUV39H1 expression group had a lower disease-free survival (DFS) rate than the low SUV39H1 expression group (P < 0.05). We further discovered that SUV39H1 upregulated the expression of CD86+ and CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages by DLBCL patients' tissues and cell experiments in vitro (P < 0.05). And SUV39H1-associated T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines IL-6/CCL-2 were downregulated in DLBCL (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In summary, SUV39H1 might be not only a potential target for treating DLBCL but also a clinical indicator for doctors to evaluate the trend of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Siyu Qian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yaxin Lei
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jingjing Ge
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Kong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zeyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huting Hou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, China
| | - Canwei Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, China
| | - Shaoxuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wencai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Qingjiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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11
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Ji L, Zhang Q, Cao Y, Liu L. A prognostic risk model, tumor immune environment modulation, and drug prediction of ferroptosis and amino acid metabolism-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1173-1189. [PMID: 36892792 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is challenging due to its heterogeneity. Ferroptosis and amino acid metabolism have been shown to be closely related to HCC. We obtained HCC-related expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. We then crossed differentially expressed genes (DEGs), amino acid metabolism genes, and ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) to obtain amino acid metabolism-ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (AAM-FR DEGs). Moreover, we developed a prognostic model using Cox analysis, followed by a correlation analysis of risk scores with clinical characteristics. We also performed an immune microenvironment analysis and drug sensitivity analysis. Finally, the expression levels of model genes were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical assays. We found that the 18 AAM-FR DEGs were mainly enriched to the alpha-amino acid metabolic process and amino acid biosynthesis pathways. Cox analysis identified CBS, GPT2, SUV39H1, and TXNRD1 as prognostic biomarkers for the risk model construction. Our results showed that the risk scores differed between pathology stage, pathology T stage, and HBV, and the number of HCC patients in the two groups. In addition, the expression of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 was high in the high-risk group, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sorafenib also differed between the two groups. Finally, the experimental validation demonstrated that the expression of biomarkers was consistent with the study analysis. Therefore, in this study, we constructed and validated a prognostic model (CBS, GPT2, SUV39H1, and TXNRD1) related to ferroptosis and amino acid metabolism and examined their prognostic value for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury and Digestive System Neoplasms, Provincial Committee of the Medical and Health, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Center, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury and Digestive System Neoplasms, Provincial Committee of the Medical and Health, Taiyuan, China
- Experimental Center of Science and Research, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yumeng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury and Digestive System Neoplasms, Provincial Committee of the Medical and Health, Taiyuan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury and Digestive System Neoplasms, Provincial Committee of the Medical and Health, Taiyuan, China.
- Experimental Center of Science and Research, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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12
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Histone methylation in pre-cancerous liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma: recent overview. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:1594-1605. [PMID: 36650321 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the prevalent form of liver cancer in adults and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC predominantly arises in the context of cirrhosis as a result of chronic liver disease, injury and inflammation. Full-blown HCC has poor prognosis because it is highly aggressive and resistant to therapy. Consequently, interventions that can prevent or restrain HCC emergence from pre-cancerous diseased liver are a desirable strategy. Histone methylation is a dynamic, reversible epigenetic modification involving the addition or removal of methyl groups from lysine, arginine or glutamine residues. Aberrant activity of histone methylation writers, erases and readers has been implicated in several cancer types, including HCC. In this review, we provide an overview of research on the role of histone methylation in pre-cancerous and cancerous HCC published over the last 5 years. In particular, we present the evidence linking environmental factors such as diet, viral infections and carcinogenic agents with dysregulation of histone methylation during liver cancer progression with the aim to highlight future therapeutic possibilities.
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13
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Tao S, Liang S, Zeng T, Yin D. Epigenetic modification-related mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1043667. [PMID: 36685594 PMCID: PMC9845774 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1043667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes most primary liver cancers and is one of the most lethal and life-threatening malignancies globally. Unfortunately, a substantial proportion of HCC patients are identified at an advanced stage that is unavailable for curative surgery. Thus, palliative therapies represented by multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sorafenib remained the front-line treatment over the past decades. Recently, the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially targeting the PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 axis, has achieved an inspiring clinical breakthrough for treating unresectable solid tumors. However, many HCC patients with poor responses lead to limited benefits in clinical applications, which has quickly drawn researchers' attention to the regulatory mechanisms of immune checkpoints in HCC immune evasion. Evasion of immune surveillance by cancer is attributed to intricate reprogramming modulation in the tumor microenvironment. Currently, more and more studies have found that epigenetic modifications, such as chromatin structure remodeling, DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNA levels, may contribute significantly to remodeling the tumor microenvironment to avoid immune clearance, affecting the efficacy of immunotherapy for HCC. This review summarizes the rapidly emerging progress of epigenetic-related changes during HCC resistance to ICIs and discusses the mechanisms of underlying epigenetic therapies available for surmounting immune resistance. Finally, we summarize the clinical advances in combining epigenetic therapies with immunotherapy, aiming to promote the formation of immune combination therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuhang Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Taofei Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dalong Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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14
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Chaetocin attenuates atherosclerosis progression and inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:1270-1282. [PMID: 35428928 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the effect of chaetocin on atherosclerosis and its possible mechanism. In vitro, we observed that chaetocin treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs in concentration- and time-dependent manner. We also found that chaetocin suppressed the migration of VSMCs. Moreover, chaetocin treatment induced a contractile phenotype in VSMCs by increasing α-SMA and SM22α expression. In addition, chaetocin treatment attenuated the accumulation of H3K9me3 on VSMCs contractile gene promoters, which promoted the expression of α-SMA and SM22α. In vivo, chaetocin treatment decreased the H3K9me3 expression, diminished atherosclerotic plaque formation, and increased plaque stability by decreasing necrotic core area and lipid accumulation and increasing collagen content and contractile VSMC phenotype. We demonstrated a new function of chaetocin in inhibiting atherosclerosis progression and increasing plaque stability partly by inhibiting pathological phenotypic switching of VSMCs. These newly identified roles of chaetocin might provide a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
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15
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Yang S, Chen W, Jin S, Luo G, Jing X, Liu Q, Reinach PS, Qu J, Yan D. SUV39H1 regulates corneal epithelial wound healing via H3K9me3-mediated repression of p27. EYE AND VISION 2022; 9:4. [PMID: 35101125 PMCID: PMC8805298 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Corneal epithelial wound healing (CEWH) is vital for maintaining the integrity and barrier function of the cornea. Although histone modifications mediating gene expression patterns is fundamental in some other tissues, it remains unclear whether these gene regulation patterns underlie CEWH. Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) plays a vital role in mediating gene silencing via histone H3 trimethylation of lysine 9 (H3K9me3). This study aims to characterize the comprehensive signature of epigenetic modifiers and determine the role of SUV39H1 in CEWH. Methods NanoString nCounter technology was used to detect the differentially expressed epigenetic modifiers during CEWH. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to reveal their involvement in this process. After knockdown of SUV39H1 with siRNA transfection, we determined the function of SUV39H1 on cell proliferation and migration in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) via MTS, EdU, and wound-healing assay, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis further confirmed the effect of SUV39H1 on the cell cycle of HCECs. Loss-of-function assays for SUV39H1 with siRNA injection or chaetocin assessed the role of SUV39H1 on CEWH in vivo. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting characterized the expression of SUV39H1 and its target genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to evaluate the distributions of H3K9me3 marks at the promoters of SUV39H1 target genes. Results We first identified 92 differentially expressed epigenetic modifiers and revealed their involvement during CEWH. SUV39H1 was confirmed to be upregulated in response to corneal injury. Its downregulation significantly inhibited HCEC proliferation and retarded in vivo CEWH. Furthermore, knockdown of SUV39H1 upregulated the p27 expression level and reduced H3K9me3 marks at p27 promoter in HCECs. In addition, p27 was remarkably downregulated with elevated H3K9me3 marks at its promoter during in vivo CEWH. Conclusions SUV39H1 plays a critical role in regulating corneal epithelial cell proliferation via H3K9me3-mediated suppression of p27 during CEWH. Our findings suggest that epigenetic modifiers such as SUV39H1 can be potential therapeutic approaches to accelerate corneal repair. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40662-022-00275-5.
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Peng T, He Y, Wang T, Yu J, Ma X, Zhou Z, Sheng Y, Li L, Peng H, Li S, Zou J, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Shi H, Li F, Liu W, Hu K, Lu X, Zhang G, Wang F. Discovery of a Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor Disrupting TRBP-Dicer Interaction against Hepatocellular Carcinoma via the Modulation of microRNA Biogenesis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11010-11033. [PMID: 35695407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. Therefore, small molecules targeting components of miRNA biogenesis may provide new therapeutic means for HCC treatment. By a high-throughput screening and structural simplification, we identified a small molecule, CIB-3b, which suppresses the growth and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo by modulating expression profiles of miRNAome and proteome in HCC cells. Mechanistically, CIB-3b physically binds to transactivation response (TAR) RNA-binding protein 2 (TRBP) and disrupts the TRBP-Dicer interaction, thereby altering the activity of Dicer and mature miRNA production. Structure-activity relationship study via the synthesis of 45 CIB-3b derivatives showed that some compounds exhibited a similar inhibitory effect on miRNA biogenesis to CIB-3b. These results support TRBP as a potential therapeutic target in HCC and warrant further development of CIB-3b along with its analogues as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Peng
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujiao He
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,Antibiotics Research and Re-Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jialing Yu
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zongyuan Zhou
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuwen Sheng
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huipan Peng
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiawei Zou
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongyun Zhao
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hailong Shi
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fu Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaoxia Lu
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,Xiongan Institute of Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hebei 071700, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.,Xiongan Institute of Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hebei 071700, China
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17
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Yang D, Fan L, Song Z, Fang S, Huang M, Chen P. The KMT1A/TIMP3/PI3K/AKT circuit regulates tumor growth in cervical cancer. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100644. [PMID: 35661980 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The epigenetic mechanism of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3), a well-known tumor suppressor, in cervical cancer (CC) is still unclear. Integrated GEO database, protein interaction network, and a pan-cancer analysis revealed a KMT1A/TIMP3 axis in CC. KMT1A was highly expressed, and TIMP3 was poorly expressed in CC tissues and cells. KMT1A inhibited the activity of TIMP3. Silencing of KMT1A hampered the proliferation, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis and metastases of CC cells in vivo, and increased the apoptosis of cells. TIMP3 downregulation promoted the malignant phenotype and in vivo tumorigenesis and metastasis of CC cells. KMT1A downregulation impaired PI3K/AKT pathway in cells, while TIMP3 silencing promoted PI3K/AKT pathway activity. We propose a novel perspective that KMT1A involves in the growth and metastases via the TIMP3/PI3K/AKT axis in CC. In summary, our study identified a vital role played by KMT1A in the development of CC and the epigenetic mechanism, indicating that targeting KMT1A-related pathways could be conducive to the therapies for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degui Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Leilei Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhenkun Song
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Su Fang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Miaoyu Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Piji Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantian People's Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong, PR China.
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Celik MA, Erdem H, Cankaya S, Arici YK. Differences in SUV39H1 and androgen receptor distribution in adenomyomatous hyperplasia and prostatic adenocarcinoma. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1387-1392. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_61_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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19
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Tsuge M. The association between hepatocarcinogenesis and intracellular alterations due to hepatitis B virus infection. Liver Int 2021; 41:2836-2848. [PMID: 34559952 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem leading to severe liver dysfunction, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although current antiviral therapies for chronic HBV infection have been improved and can lead to a strong suppression of viral replication, it is difficult to completely eliminate the virus with these therapies once chronic HBV infection is established in the host. Furthermore, chronic HBV infection alters intracellular metabolism and signalling pathways, resulting in the activation of carcinogenesis in the liver. HBV produces four viral proteins: hepatitis B surface-, hepatitis B core-, hepatitis B x protein, and polymerase; each plays an important role in HBV replication and the intracellular signalling pathways associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. In vitro and in vivo experimental models for analyzing HBV infection and replication have been established, and gene expression analyses using microarrays or next-generation sequencing have also been developed. Thus, it is possible to clarify the molecular mechanisms for intracellular alterations, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and epigenetic modifications. In this review, the impact of HBV viral proteins and intracellular alterations in HBV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Tsuge
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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20
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Jiang H, Li Y, Xiang X, Tang Z, Liu K, Su Q, Zhang X, Li L. Chaetocin: A review of its anticancer potentials and mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174459. [PMID: 34464601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chaetocin is a natural metabolite product with various biological activities and pharmacological functions isolated from Chaetomium species fungi belonging to the thiodiketopyrazines. Numerous studies have demonstrated a wide range of antitumor activities of chaetocin in vitro and in vivo. Several studies have demonstrated that chaetocin suppresses the growth and proliferation of various tumour cells by regulating multiple signalling pathways related to tumour initiation and progression, inducing cancer cell apoptosis (intrinsic and extrinsic), enhancing autophagy, inducing cell cycle arrest, and inhibiting tumour angiogenesis, invasion, and migration. The antitumor effects and molecular mechanisms of chaetocin are reviewed and analysed in this paper, and the prospective applications of chaetocin in cancer prevention and therapy are also discussed. This review aimed to summarize the recent advances in the antitumor activity of chaetocin and to provide a rationale for further exploring the potential application of chaetocin in overcoming cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China; School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China; School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaocong Xiang
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhili Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaofen Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
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21
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Sanceau J, Gougelet A. Epigenetic mechanisms of liver tumor resistance to immunotherapy. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:979-1002. [PMID: 34630870 PMCID: PMC8473495 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i9.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor, which stands fourth in rank of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The incidence of HCC is constantly increasing in correlation with the epidemic in diabetes and obesity, arguing for an urgent need for new treatments for this lethal cancer refractory to conventional treatments. HCC is the paradigm of inflammation-associated cancer, since more than 80% of HCC emerge consecutively to cirrhosis associated with a vast remodeling of liver microenvironment. In the recent decade, immunomodulatory drugs have been developed and have given impressive results in melanoma and later in several other cancers. In the present review, we will discuss the recent advancements concerning the use of immunotherapies in HCC, in particular those targeting immune checkpoints, used alone or in combination with other anti-cancers agents. We will address why these drugs demonstrate unsatisfactory results in a high proportion of liver cancers and the mechanisms of resistance developed by HCC to evade immune response with a focus on the epigenetic-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Sanceau
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Paris 75006, France
| | - Angélique Gougelet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Paris 75006, France
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22
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Tsuge M. Are Humanized Mouse Models Useful for Basic Research of Hepatocarcinogenesis through Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection? Viruses 2021; 13:v13101920. [PMID: 34696350 PMCID: PMC8541657 DOI: 10.3390/v13101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem that can lead to liver dysfunction, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current antiviral therapies can control viral replication in patients with chronic HBV infection; however, there is a risk of HCC development. HBV-related proteins may be produced in hepatocytes regardless of antiviral therapies and influence intracellular metabolism and signaling pathways, resulting in liver carcinogenesis. To understand the mechanisms of liver carcinogenesis, the effect of HBV infection in human hepatocytes should be analyzed. HBV infects human hepatocytes through transfer to the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP). Although the NTCP is expressed on the hepatocyte surface in several animals, including mice, HBV infection is limited to human primates. Due to this species-specific liver tropism, suitable animal models for analyzing HBV replication and developing antivirals have been lacking since the discovery of the virus. Recently, a humanized mouse model carrying human hepatocytes in the liver was developed based on several immunodeficient mice; this is useful for analyzing the HBV life cycle, antiviral effects of existing/novel antivirals, and intracellular signaling pathways under HBV infection. Herein, the usefulness of human hepatocyte chimeric mouse models in the analysis of HBV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Tsuge
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Department of Biomedical Science, Research and Development Division, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-82-257-1510
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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23
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Qiao ZB, Lu JZ, Zhang L, Cao HX, Bai ZH, Qi YY, Zhu HY, Zhang SM, Bao Y, Jia WW, Liu ZM. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated generation of a iPSC line EHTJUi005-A-1 with homozygous knockout of the SUV39H1 gene. Stem Cell Res 2021; 56:102519. [PMID: 34464854 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
SUV39H1 is a histone methyltransferase involve numerous biological processes, including of aging, embryo development, tumor growth and mitosis via catalysis of dimethylation and trimethylation of lysine 9 of histone H3. Here we report a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (EHTJUi005-A-1) which is generated from a wildtype human iPSC previously established in our laboratory, and this iPSC has a homozygous knockout of 8 bp in Exon 2 of SUV39H1. This iPSC model provides a valuable resource to study epigenetic regulation in extensive biological processes as mentioned above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Qiao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ji-Zhen Lu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong-Xia Cao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Bai
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yi-Yao Qi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Han-Yu Zhu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shou-Mei Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Bao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wen-Wen Jia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhong-Min Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Stem Cell Translational Resource Center, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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24
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Wang TY, Chang MM, Li YSJ, Huang TC, Chien S, Wu CC. Maintenance of HDACs and H3K9me3 Prevents Arterial Flow-Induced Venous Endothelial Damage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:642150. [PMID: 33898431 PMCID: PMC8063156 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition of flow microenvironments from veins to arteries in vein graft surgery induces “peel-off” of venous endothelial cells (vECs) and results in restenosis. Recently, arterial laminar shear stress (ALS) and oscillatory shear stress (OS) have been shown to affect the cell cycle and inflammation through epigenetic controls such as histone deacetylation by histone deacetylases (HDACs) and trimethylation on lysine 9 of histone 3 (H3K9me3) in arterial ECs. However, the roles of H3K9me3 and HDAC in vEC damage under ALS are not known. We hypothesized that the different responses of HDACs and H3K9me3 might cause vEC damage under the transition of venous flow to arterial flow. We found that arterial ECs showed high expression of H3K9me3 protein and were retained in the G0 phase of the cell cycle after being subjected to ALS. vECs became round under ALS with a decrease in the expression of H3K9me3, HDAC3, and HDAC5, and an increase in the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). Inhibition of HDACs activity by a specific inhibitor, phenylbutyrate, in arterial ECs caused similar ALS-induced inflammation and cell loss as observed in vECs. Activation of HDACs and H3K9me3 by ITSA-1, an HDAC activator, could prevent ALS-induced peel-off and reduced VCAM-1 expression in vECs. Moreover, shear stress modulates EC morphology by the regulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression. ITSA-1 or EGF could increase phosphorylated (p)-FAK expression in vECs under ALS. We found that perturbation of the activity of p-FAK and increase in p-FAK expression restored ALS-induced H3K9me3 expression in vECs. Hence, the abnormal mechanoresponses of H3K9me3 and HDAC in vECs after being subjected to ALS could be reversed by ITSA-1 or EGF treatment: this offers a strategy to prevent vein graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Min Chang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shuan Julie Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tzu-Chieh Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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25
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Takeuchi Y, Tsuge M, Tsushima K, Suehiro Y, Fujino H, Ono A, Yamauchi M, Makokha GN, Nakahara T, Murakami E, Abe-Chayama H, Kawaoka T, Miki D, Imamura M, Aikata H, Hayes CN, Tateno C, Chayama K. Signal Activation of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocarcinogenesis by Up-regulation of SUV39h1. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:2061-2070. [PMID: 32514521 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) X (HBx) protein is associated with hepatocellular carcinogenesis via the induction of malignant transformation and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the association between HBx and histone methyltransferase in carcinogenesis has not been fully clarified. In the current study, we analyzed the association between HBx and the histone methyltransferase suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39h1) using HBV replication models. METHODS We constructed several HBx and SUV39h1 expression plasmids and analyzed the association between HBx and SUV39h1 with respect to HBV replication and hepatocarcinogenesis. RESULTS SUV39h1 up-regulation was observed in HBV-infected humanized mouse livers and clinical HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, indicating that SUV39h1 expression might be regulated by HBV infection. Through in vitro analysis, we determined that the coactivator domain of HBx interacts with the PSET (PostSET) and SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domains of SUV39h1. The expression levels of 4 genes, activating transcription factor 6, α-fetoprotein, growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45a, and dual-specificity phosphatase 1, known to induce carcinogenesis via HBx expression, were up-regulated by HBx and further up-regulated in the presence of both HBx and SUV39h1. Furthermore, histone methyltransferase activity, the main function of SUV39h1, was enhanced in the presence of HBx. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that SUV39h1 and HBx enhance each other's activity, leading to HBx-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis. We propose that regulation of this interaction could help suppress development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasue Takeuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ken Tsushima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suehiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Grace Naswa Makokha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Abe-Chayama
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center for Medical Specialist Graduate Education and Research, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daiki Miki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - C Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chise Tateno
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,PhoenixBio, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Laboratory for Digestive Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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26
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Wang J, Yin X, He W, Xue W, Zhang J, Huang Y. SUV39H1 deficiency suppresses clear cell renal cell carcinoma growth by inducing ferroptosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:406-419. [PMID: 33643820 PMCID: PMC7893126 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common kidney malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis. Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1), which encodes a histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase, has been reported to act as an oncogene in many cancers. However, it is unclear whether SUV39H1 is involved in ccRCC. Here, we report that SUV39H1 expression is frequently upregulated in ccRCC tumors and is significantly correlated with ccRCC progression. SUV39H1 expression level is an independent risk factor for cancer prognosis, and integration with several known prognostic factors predicted ccRCC patient prognosis with improved accuracy than the conventional SSIGN (stage, size, grade and necrosis) prognostic model. Mechanistically, we discovered that siRNA knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of SUV39H1 induced iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, leading to ferroptosis that disrupted ccRCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We also show that SUV39H1 deficiency modulated the H3K9me3 status of the DPP4 (dipeptidyl-peptidase-4) gene promoter, resulting in upregulation of its expression that contributes to ferroptosis. Taken together, our findings provide the mechanistic insight into SUV39H1-dependent epigenetic control of ccRCC tumor growth and indicate that SUV39H1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaomao Yin
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yiran Huang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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27
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Noberini R, Robusti G, Bonaldi T. Mass spectrometry-based characterization of histones in clinical samples: applications, progresses, and challenges. FEBS J 2021; 289:1191-1213. [PMID: 33415821 PMCID: PMC9291046 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the last 15 years, increasing evidence linking epigenetics to various aspects of cancer biology has prompted the investigation of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and histone variants in the context of clinical samples. The studies performed so far demonstrated the potential of this type of investigations for the discovery of both potential epigenetic biomarkers for patient stratification and novel epigenetic mechanisms potentially targetable for cancer therapy. Although traditionally the analysis of histones in clinical samples was performed through antibody-based methods, mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a more powerful tool for the unbiased, comprehensive, and quantitative investigation of histone PTMs and variants. MS has been extensively used for the analysis of epigenetic marks in cell lines and animal tissue and, thanks to recent technological advances, is now ready to be applied also to clinical samples. In this review, we will provide an overview on the quantitative MS-based analysis of histones, their PTMs and their variants in cancer clinical samples, highlighting current achievements and future perspectives for this novel field of research. Among the different MS-based approaches currently available for histone PTM profiling, we will focus on the 'bottom-up' strategy, namely the analysis of short proteolytic peptides, as it has been already successfully employed for the analysis of clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Noberini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Robusti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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28
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Saha N, Muntean AG. Insight into the multi-faceted role of the SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188498. [PMID: 33373647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence implicates histone H3 lysine 9 methylation in tumorigenesis. The SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases, which include G9a, GLP, SETDB1, SETDB2, SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 deposit H3K9me1/2/3 marks at euchromatic and heterochromatic regions, catalyzed by their conserved SET domain. In cancer, this family of enzymes can be deregulated by genomic alterations and transcriptional mis-expression leading to alteration of transcriptional programs. In solid and hematological malignancies, studies have uncovered pro-oncogenic roles for several H3K9 methyltransferases and accordingly, small molecule inhibitors are being tested as potential therapies. However, emerging evidence demonstrate onco-suppressive roles for these enzymes in cancer development as well. Here, we review the role H3K9 methyltransferases play in tumorigenesis focusing on gene targets and biological pathways affected due to misregulation of these enzymes. We also discuss molecular mechanisms regulating H3K9 methyltransferases and their influence on cancer. Finally, we describe the impact of H3K9 methylation on therapy induced resistance in carcinoma. Converging evidence point to multi-faceted roles for H3K9 methyltransferases in development and cancer that encourages a deeper understanding of these enzymes to inform novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Saha
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Andrew G Muntean
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America.
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29
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Xie SC, Zhang JQ, Jiang XL, Hua YY, Xie SW, Qin YA, Yang YJ. LncRNA CRNDE facilitates epigenetic suppression of CELF2 and LATS2 to promote proliferation, migration and chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:676. [PMID: 32826865 PMCID: PMC7442829 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02853-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the expression, functional significance, and related mechanism of long noncoding RNA CRNDE (colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. The resulted revealed that CRNDE was significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues and cell lines, and was statistically correlated with poor clinical outcome. CRNDE knockdown markedly decreased HCC cell proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance. In addition, in vivo experiments confirmed the suppressive effect of CRNDE knockdown on HCC progression. Mechanically, CRNDE directly bound to EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog), SUZ12 (suppressor of zeste 12), SUV39H1, and mediated their inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, including CUGBP Elav-like family member 2 (CELF2) and large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2). CELF2 exerted tumor suppressive effect in HCC and was involved in CRNDE-mediated oncogenic effect. In addition, the oncogenic effects of CRNDE on HCC proliferation, migration and tumorigenesis, as well as its inhibition of Hippo pathway were abolished by LATS2 overexpression. Together, our work demonstrated the importance of CRNDE in HCC progression and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. These findings provided new insights into HCC pathogenesis and chemoresistance mediated by CRNDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Cai Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital /Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Quan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital /Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Li Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province/Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Yong Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital /Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Wei Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital /Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Ang Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital /Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital /Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Ghazi T, Nagiah S, Dhani S, Chuturgoon AA. Fusaric acid-induced epigenetic modulation of hepatic H3K9me3 triggers apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Epigenomics 2020; 12:955-972. [PMID: 32762452 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the effect of the food-borne mycotoxin, fusaric acid (FA) on miR-200a, SUV39H1-mediated H3K9me3, genome integrity and apoptosis in human liver (HepG2) cells and C57BL/6 mice livers. Materials & methods: MiR-200a, Sirt1, SUV39H1-mediated H3K9me3, genome integrity and apoptosis was measured in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6 mice livers using qPCR, western blot, DNA electrophoresis and luminometry. Results: FA: upregulated miR-200a and decreased Sirt1 expression in HepG2 cells and mice livers; decreased expression of SUV39H1 and KDM4B, thus decreasing H3K9me3 and increasing H3K9me1; increased cell mortality via apoptosis. Conclusion: FA induced apoptosis by upregulating miR-200a and decreasing SUV39H1-mediated H3K9me3 in HepG2 cells and mice livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terisha Ghazi
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry & Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Savania Nagiah
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry & Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Shanel Dhani
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry & Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry & Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
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Jeong PS, Sim BW, Park SH, Kim MJ, Kang HG, Nanjidsuren T, Lee S, Song BS, Koo DB, Kim SU. Chaetocin Improves Pig Cloning Efficiency by Enhancing Epigenetic Reprogramming and Autophagic Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144836. [PMID: 32650566 PMCID: PMC7402317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient epigenetic reprogramming is crucial for the in vitro development of mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. The aberrant levels of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) is an epigenetic barrier. In this study, we evaluated the effects of chaetocin, an H3K9me3-specific methyltransferase inhibitor, on the epigenetic reprogramming and developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos. The SCNT embryos showed abnormal levels of H3K9me3 at the pronuclear, two-cell, and four-cell stages compared to in vitro fertilized embryos. Moreover, the expression levels of H3K9me3-specific methyltransferases (suv39h1 and suv39h2) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b) were higher in SCNT embryos. Treatment with 0.5 nM chaetocin for 24 h after activation significantly increased the developmental competence of SCNT embryos in terms of the cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, hatching rate, cell number, expression of pluripotency-related genes, and cell survival rate. In particular, chaetocin enhanced epigenetic reprogramming by reducing the H3K9me3 and 5-methylcytosine levels and restoring the abnormal expression of H3K9me3-specific methyltransferases and DNA methyltransferases. Chaetocin induced autophagic activity, leading to a significant reduction in maternal mRNA levels in embryos at the pronuclear and two-cell stages. These findings revealed that chaetocin enhanced the developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos by regulating epigenetic reprogramming and autophagic activity and so could be used to enhance the production of transgenic pigs for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Tsevelmaa Nanjidsuren
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
| | - Deog-Bon Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-B.K.); (S.-U.K.); Tel.: +82-43-240-6321 (S.-U.K.); Fax: +82-43-240-6309 (S.-U.K.)
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Korea; (P.-S.J.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-H.P.); (M.J.K.); (H.-G.K.); (T.N.); (S.L.); (B.-S.S.)
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-B.K.); (S.-U.K.); Tel.: +82-43-240-6321 (S.-U.K.); Fax: +82-43-240-6309 (S.-U.K.)
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Yang Z, Wang H, Zhang N, Xing T, Zhang W, Wang G, Li C, Yu C. Chaetocin Abrogates the Self-Renewal of Bladder Cancer Stem Cells via the Suppression of the KMT1A-GATA3-STAT3 Circuit. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:424. [PMID: 32626701 PMCID: PMC7311639 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer stem cells (BCSCs) have the abilities of self-renewal, differentiation, and metastasis; confer drug resistance; and exhibit high tumorigenicity. We previously identified that the KMT1A–GATA3–STAT3 axis drives the self-renewal of BCSCs. However, the therapeutic effect of targeting KMT1A in BCSCs remains unknown. In this study, we confirmed that the expression of KMT1A was remarkably higher in BCSCs (3–5-fold) than those in bladder cancer non-stem cells or normal bladder epithelial cells. Among the six KMT1A inhibitors, chaetocin significantly suppressed the cell propagation (inhibition ratio: 65%–88%, IC50 = 24.4–32.5 nM), induced apoptosis (2–5-fold), and caused G1 phase cell cycle arrest (68.9 vs 55.5%) of bladder cancer (BC) cells, without influencing normal bladder epithelial cells. More importantly, chaetocin abrogated the self-renewal of BCSCs (inhibition ratio: 80.1%) via the suppression of the KMT1A–GATA3–STAT3 circuit and other stemness-related pathways. Finally, intravesical instillation of chaetocin remarkably inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors (inhibition ratio: 71–82%) and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice (70 vs 53 days). In sum, chaetocin abrogated the stemness maintenance and tumor growth of BCSCs via the suppression of the KMT1A–GATA3–STAT3 circuit. Chaetocin is an effective inhibitor targeting KMT1A in BCSCs and could be a promising therapeutic strategy for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianying Xing
- Department of Urology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chong Li
- Core Facility for Protein Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changyuan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Kumari D, Sciascia N, Usdin K. Small Molecules Targeting H3K9 Methylation Prevent Silencing of Reactivated FMR1 Alleles in Fragile X Syndrome Patient Derived Cells. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040356. [PMID: 32230785 PMCID: PMC7230530 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In fragile X syndrome (FXS), expansion of a CGG repeat tract in the 5′-untranslated region of the FMR1 gene to >200 repeats causes transcriptional silencing by inducing heterochromatin formation. Understanding the mechanism of FMR1 silencing is important as gene reactivation is a potential treatment approach for FXS. To date, only the DNA demethylating drug 5-azadeoxycytidine (AZA) has proved effective at gene reactivation; however, this drug is toxic. The repressive H3K9 methylation mark is enriched on the FMR1 gene in FXS patient cells and is thus a potential druggable target. However, its contribution to the silencing process is unclear. Here, we studied the effect of small molecule inhibitors of H3K9 methylation on FMR1 expression in FXS patient cells. Chaetocin showed a small effect on FMR1 gene reactivation and a synergistic effect on FMR1 mRNA levels when used in combination with AZA. Additionally, chaetocin, BIX01294 and 3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) were able to significantly delay the re-silencing of AZA-reactivated FMR1 alleles. These data are consistent with the idea that H3K9 methylation precedes DNA methylation and that removal of DNA methylation is necessary to see the optimal effect of histone methyl-transferase (HMT) inhibitors on FMR1 gene expression. Nonetheless, our data also show that drugs targeting repressive H3K9 methylation marks are able to produce sustained reactivation of the FMR1 gene after a single dose of AZA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daman Kumari
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 8 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.S.); (K.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +01 301-594-5260
| | - Nicholas Sciascia
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 8 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.S.); (K.U.)
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Karen Usdin
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 8 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.S.); (K.U.)
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Özdaş S. Knockdown of SET Domain, Bifurcated 1 suppresses head and neck cancer cell viability and wound-healing ability in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:281-292. [PMID: 31768101 PMCID: PMC6823912 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1903-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and therefore presents a global public health problem. There are no standard algorithms for the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease, and no effective current treatment approaches exist. Therefore, the discovery of new biomolecules and the design of new strategies to aid in early diagnosis is necessary, along with establishing prognostic factors of HNC. In several cancer studies, the upregulation of SET Domain, Bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) has been reported to be tumor-inducing and to indicate a cancer-invasive prognosis, leading to the modulation of genes associated with different signaling pathways; however, the literature is sparse regarding the relationship between SETDB1 and HNC. In our study, three HNC primary cell lines and their corresponding metastatic cell lines were used. The quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting data indicated that the SETDB1 mRNA and protein expression levels were higher in all metastatic cell lines compared to their primary cell lines (P < 0.05 for all). To investigate the role of SETDB1 in HNC biology, in vitro functional analyses were carried out using small interference RNA (siRNA) technology, cell viability, scratch wound-healing, and the caspase-3 activity assay of gene expression of SETDB1 to compare primary and metastatic cell lines of HNC. Metastatic cells were more susceptible to this suppression, which decreased the vitality of cells and their ability of wound-healing and induced level of caspase-3 activity (P < 0.05 for all). This functional study has shown that SETDB1 plays an important role in head and neck carcinogenesis. Therefore, SETDB1 may be an attractive therapeutic target molecule and also a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Özdaş
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Adana Alpaslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
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35
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Investigating the structural features of chromodomain proteins in the human genome and predictive impacts of their mutations in cancers. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:1101-1116. [PMID: 30917913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic readers are specific proteins which recognize histone marks and represents the underlying mechanism for chromatin regulation. Histone H3 lysine methylation is a potential epigenetic code for the chromatin organization and transcriptional control. Recognition of histone methylation is achieved by evolutionary conserved reader modules known as chromodomain, identified in several proteins, and is involved in transcriptional silencing and chromatin remodelling. Genetic perturbations within the structurally conserved chromodomain could potentially mistarget the reader protein and impair their regulatory pathways, ultimately leading to cellular chaos by setting the stage for tumor development and progression. Here, we report the structural conservations associated with diverse functions, prognostic significance and functional consequences of mutations within chromodomain of human proteins in distinct cancers. We have extensively analysed chromodomain containing human proteins in terms of their structural-functional ability to act as a molecular switch in the recognition of methyl-lysine recognition. We further investigated the combinatorial potential, target promiscuity and binding specificity associated with their underlying mechanisms. Indeed, the molecular mechanism of epigenetic silencing significantly underlies a newer cancer therapy approach. We hope that a critical understanding of chromodomains will pave the way for novel paths of research providing newer insights into the designing of effective anti-cancer therapies.
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Patnaik S, Anupriya. Drugs Targeting Epigenetic Modifications and Plausible Therapeutic Strategies Against Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:588. [PMID: 31244652 PMCID: PMC6563763 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations along with epigenetic modifications of DNA are involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. CRC is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Initiation and progression of CRC is the cumulation of a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes in colonic epithelial cells. Colorectal carcinogenesis is associated with epigenetic aberrations including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs. Recently, epigenetic modifications have been identified like association of hypermethylated gene Claudin11 (CLDN11) with metastasis and prognosis of poor survival of CRC. DNA methylation of genes CMTM3, SSTR2, MDF1, NDRG4 and TGFB2 are potential epigenetic biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. Tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) mRNA expression is silenced by promoter methylation, which promotes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and rescues the CRC cells from apoptosis and hence leading to poor survival rate. Previous scientific evidences strongly suggest epigenetic modifications that contribute to anticancer drug resistance. Recent research studies emphasize development of drugs targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors as an emerging anticancer strategy. This review covers potential epigenetic modification targeting chemotherapeutic drugs and probable implementation for the treatment of CRC, which offers a strong rationale to explore therapeutic strategies and provides a basis to develop potent antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anupriya
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
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MacDonald IA, Butler KV, Herring LE, Clinkscales SE, Yelagandula R, Stecher K, Bell O, Graves LM, Jin J, Hathaway NA. Pathway-Based High-Throughput Chemical Screen Identifies Compounds That Decouple Heterochromatin Transformations. SLAS DISCOVERY 2019; 24:802-816. [PMID: 31145866 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219849838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) facilitates the formation of repressive heterochromatin domains by recruiting histone lysine methyltransferase enzymes to chromatin, resulting in increased levels of histone H3K9me3. To identify chemical inhibitors of the HP1-heterochromatin gene repression pathway, we combined a cell-based assay that utilized chemical-mediated recruitment of HP1 to an endogenous active gene with high-throughput flow cytometry. Here we characterized small molecule inhibitors that block HP1-mediated heterochromatin formation. Our lead compounds demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of HP1-stimulated gene repression and were validated in an orthogonal cell-based system. One lead inhibitor was improved by a change in stereochemistry, resulting in compound 2, which was further used to decouple the inverse relationship between H3K9 and H3K4 methylation states. We identified molecular components that bound compound 2, either directly or indirectly, by chemical affinity purification with a biotin-tagged derivative, followed by quantitative proteomic techniques. In summary, our pathway-based chemical screening approach resulted in the discovery of new inhibitors of HP1-mediated heterochromatin formation while identifying exciting new molecular interactions in the pathway to explore in the future. This modular platform can be expanded to test a wide range of chromatin modification pathways yielding inhibitors that are cell permeable and function in a physiologically relevant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A MacDonald
- 1 The Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kyle V Butler
- 2 Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura E Herring
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, UNC Michael Hooker Proteomics Core Facility, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E Clinkscales
- 1 The Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ramesh Yelagandula
- 4 Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Stecher
- 4 Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Bell
- 4 Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.,5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lee M Graves
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, UNC Michael Hooker Proteomics Core Facility, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- 2 Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathaniel A Hathaway
- 1 The Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Xie W, Huang P, Wu B, Chen S, Huang Z, Wang J, Sun H, Wu J, Xie L, Cheng Y, Xie W, Xu L, Chen LQ, Li E, Zou H. Clinical significance of LOXL4 expression and features of LOXL4-associated protein-protein interaction network in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Amino Acids 2019; 51:813-828. [PMID: 30900087 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4), a member of the LOX family proteins, catalyzes oxidative deamination of lysine residues in collagen and elastin, which are responsible for maintaining extracellular matrix homeostasis. In this study, the mRNA expression of LOXL4 in seven esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines and 15 ESCC pairs of clinical samples were examined. Furthermore, LOXL4 protein levels in the ESCC cell lines were determined using western blotting. With the use of immunofluorescence, LOXL4 was observed to be localized primarily in the cytoplasm, but was also present in the nucleus. In addition, the results indicated that the upregulated expression of LOXL4 was associated with poor survival in patients with ESCC even following curative resection (P = 0.010). Similar Kaplan-Meier estimator curves for proteins that interact with LOXL4, SUV39H1 (P = 0.014) and COL2A1 (P = 0.011), were plotted. The analyses based on the protein-protein interaction network depicted the expression of LOXL4 and its associated proteins as well as their functions, suggesting that LOXL4 and its associated proteins may serve a significant role in the development and progression of ESCC. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that LOXL4 is a potential biomarker for patients with ESCC, as well as SUV39H1 and COL2A1, and high expression levels of these genes are associated with poor prognosis in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqi Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingli Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijie Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinwei Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Medical Bioinformatics Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Enmin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haiying Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Kim AR, Sung JY, Rho SB, Kim YN, Yoon K. Suppressor of Variegation 3-9 Homolog 2, a Novel Binding Protein of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein, Regulates Cancer Cell Proliferation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:231-239. [PMID: 30763986 PMCID: PMC6430221 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of Variegation 3-9 Homolog 2 (SUV39H2) methylates the lysine 9 residue of histone H3 and induces heterochromatin formation, resulting in transcriptional repression or silencing of target genes. SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 have a role in embryonic development, and SUV39H1 was shown to suppress cell cycle progression associated with Rb. However, the function of human SUV39H2 has not been extensively studied. We observed that forced expression of SUV39H2 decreased cell proliferation by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. In addition, SUV39H2 was degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway. Using yeast two-hybrid screening to address the degradation mechanism and function of SUV39H2, we identified translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) as an SUV39H2-interacting molecule. Mapping of the interacting regions indicated that the N-terminal 60 amino acids (aa) of full-length SUV39H2 and the C-terminus of TCTP (120-172 aa) were critical for binding. The interaction of SUV39H2 and TCTP was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining for colocalization. Moreover, depletion of TCTP by RNAi led to up-regulation of SUV39H2 protein, while TCTP overexpression reduced SUV39H2 protein level. The half-life of SUV39H2 protein was significantly extended upon TCTP depletion. These results clearly indicate that TCTP negatively regulates the expression of SUV39H2 post-translationally. Furthermore, SUV39H2 induced apoptotic cell death in TCTP-knockdown cells. Taken together, we identified SUV39H2, as a novel target protein of TCTP and demonstrated that SUV39H2 regulates cell proliferation of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Reum Kim
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Sung
- Division of Clinical Research, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bae Rho
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Nyun Kim
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsil Yoon
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
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Bárcena-Varela M, Caruso S, Llerena S, Álvarez-Sola G, Uriarte I, Latasa MU, Urtasun R, Rebouissou S, Alvarez L, Jimenez M, Santamaría E, Rodriguez-Ortigosa C, Mazza G, Rombouts K, San José-Eneriz E, Rabal O, Agirre X, Iraburu M, Santos-Laso A, Banales JM, Zucman-Rossi J, Prósper F, Oyarzabal J, Berasain C, Ávila MA, Fernández-Barrena MG. Dual Targeting of Histone Methyltransferase G9a and DNA-Methyltransferase 1 for the Treatment of Experimental Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatology 2019; 69:587-603. [PMID: 30014490 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications such as DNA and histone methylation functionally cooperate in fostering tumor growth, including that of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pharmacological targeting of these mechanisms may open new therapeutic avenues. We aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of action of our dual G9a histone-methyltransferase and DNA-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) inhibitor in human HCC cells and their crosstalk with fibrogenic cells. The expression of G9a and DNMT1, along with that of their molecular adaptor ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING finger domains-1 (UHRF1), was measured in human HCCs (n = 268), peritumoral tissues (n = 154), and HCC cell lines (n = 32). We evaluated the effect of individual and combined inhibition of G9a and DNMT1 on HCC cell growth by pharmacological and genetic approaches. The activity of our lead compound, CM-272, was examined in HCC cells under normoxia and hypoxia, human hepatic stellate cells and LX2 cells, and xenograft tumors formed by HCC or combined HCC+LX2 cells. We found a significant and correlative overexpression of G9a, DNMT1, and UHRF1 in HCCs in association with poor prognosis. Independent G9a and DNMT1 pharmacological targeting synergistically inhibited HCC cell growth. CM-272 potently reduced HCC and LX2 cells proliferation and quelled tumor growth, particularly in HCC+LX2 xenografts. Mechanistically, CM-272 inhibited the metabolic adaptation of HCC cells to hypoxia and induced a differentiated phenotype in HCC and fibrogenic cells. The expression of the metabolic tumor suppressor gene fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1), epigenetically repressed in HCC, was restored by CM-272. Conclusion: Combined targeting of G9a/DNMT1 with compounds such as CM-272 is a promising strategy for HCC treatment. Our findings also underscore the potential of differentiation therapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, Inserm U1162, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, IUH, France
| | - Susana Llerena
- Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Álvarez-Sola
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iker Uriarte
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ujue Latasa
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Raquel Urtasun
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sandra Rebouissou
- Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, Inserm U1162, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, IUH, France
| | - Laura Alvarez
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Eva Santamaría
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Ortigosa
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Mazza
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Krista Rombouts
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edurne San José-Eneriz
- Oncohematology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Obdulia Rabal
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Xabier Agirre
- Oncohematology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Iraburu
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Santos-Laso
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jesus M Banales
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Biodonostia Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, Inserm U1162, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris 13, IUH, France
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Oncohematology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julen Oyarzabal
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Berasain
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matías A Ávila
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite G Fernández-Barrena
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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41
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Singh PK. Histone methyl transferases: A class of epigenetic opportunities to counter uncontrolled cell proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:351-368. [PMID: 30735901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With each newly disclosed resistance mechanism, management of cancer with previously established targets have become a "failure" oriented approach. Molecular targets such as kinases did initially provide a ray of hope against cancer but with decades of struggle between novel therapeutic agents and more sophisticated resistance mechanisms, they seem to have saturated as anti-cancer targets. Now, with more exhaustive molecular recognition techniques and approaches, epigenetic targets have accessed the centre stage as anti-cancer targets. Accordingly, several classes of epigenetic enzymes are being studied for this role and histone methyltransferases form one such class. They include a class of epigenetic enzymes which transfer methyl group from histone proteins and maintain genetic homeostasis. In cancer, several reports have deduced upregulation of different members of this family according to the tumor environment, establishing them as one of the novel anti-cancer targets. This compilation provides an updated information on several members of histone methyltransferases family as epigenetic targets for developing novel anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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42
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Nakamura M, Chiba T, Kanayama K, Kanzaki H, Saito T, Kusakabe Y, Kato N. Epigenetic dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma: an up-to-date review. Hepatol Res 2019; 49:3-13. [PMID: 30238570 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to the advances made in research based on next generation sequencers, it is now possible to detect and analyze epigenetic abnormalities associated with cancer. DNA methylation, various histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA-associated gene silencing are considered to be transcriptional regulatory mechanisms associated with gene expression changes. The breakdown of this precise regulatory system is involved in the transition to cancer. The important role of epigenetic regulation can be observed from the high rate of genetic mutations and abnormal gene expression leading to a breakdown in epigenetic gene expression regulation seen in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on an understanding of epigenomic abnormalities associated with pathological conditions, these findings will lead the way to diagnosis and treatment. In particular, in addition to the fact that there are few choices in terms of extant drug therapies aimed at HCC, there are limits to their antitumor effects. The clinical application of epigenetic therapeutic agents for HCC has only just begun, and future developments are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kengo Kanayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kanzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Kusakabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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43
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Natesan R, Aras S, Effron SS, Asangani IA. Epigenetic Regulation of Chromatin in Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1210:379-407. [PMID: 31900918 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32656-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to mitotically/meiotically heritable mechanisms that regulate gene transcription without a need for changes in the DNA code. Covalent modifications of DNA, in the form of methylation, and histone post-translational modifications, in the form of acetylation and methylation, constitute the epigenetic code of a cell. Both DNA and histone modifications are highly dynamic and often work in unison to define the epigenetic state of a cell. Most epigenetic mechanisms regulate gene transcription by affecting localized/genome-wide transitions between heterochromatin and euchromatin states, thereby altering the accessibility of the transcriptional machinery and in turn, reduce/increase transcriptional output. Altered chromatin structure is associated with cancer progression, and epigenetic plasticity primarily governs the resistance of cancer cells to therapeutic agents. In this chapter, we specifically focus on regulators of histone methylation and acetylation, the two well-studied chromatin post-translational modifications, in the context of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Natesan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shweta Aras
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Sander Effron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irfan A Asangani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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44
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An MJ, Kim DH, Kim CH, Kim M, Rhee S, Seo SB, Kim JW. Histone demethylase KDM3B regulates the transcriptional network of cell-cycle genes in hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:576-582. [PMID: 30514438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third most lethal cancer worldwide. Although gene mutations associated with HCC development have been intensively studied, how epigenetic factors specifically modulate the functional properties of HCC by regulating target gene expression is unclear. Here we demonstrated the overexpression of KDM3B in liver tissue of HCC patients using public RNA-seq data. Ablation of KDM3B by CRISPR/Cas9 retarded the cell cycle and proliferation of hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. Approximately 30% of KDM3B knockout cells exhibited mitotic spindle multipolarity as a chromosome instability (CIN) phenotype. RNA-seq analysis of KDM3B knockout revealed significantly down-regulated expression of cell cycle related genes, especially cell proliferation factor CDC123. Furthermore, the expression level of Cyclin D1 was reduced in KDM3B knockout by proteosomal degradation without any change in the expression of CCND1, which encodes Cyclin D1. The results implicate KDM3B as a crucial epigenetic factor in cell cycle regulation that manipulates chromatin dynamics and transcription in HCC, and identifies a potential gene therapy target for effective treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jin An
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hong Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Lai X, Deng Z, Guo H, Zhu X, Tu W. HP1α is highly expressed in glioma cells and facilitates cell proliferation and survival. Cancer Biomark 2018; 20:453-460. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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46
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Zhang YM, Gao EE, Wang QQ, Tian H, Hou J. Effects of histone methyltransferase inhibitor chaetocin on histone H3K9 methylation of cultured ovine somatic cells and development of preimplantation cloned embryos. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 79:124-131. [PMID: 29909068 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant hypermethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) is a key barrier to the development of cloned embryos by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The objective of this study was to assess the effects of chaetocin, an inhibitor of H3K9 methyltransferase SUV39 H, in regulating the H3K9 methylation in ovine SCNT embryos. Treatment of sheep fetal fibroblast cells with chaetocin specifically decreased the levels of H3K9 di-and trimethylation, and down-regulated the expression of H3K9 methyltransferases, SUV39H1/2 and G9A. Cloned embryos from chaetocin-treated cells could develop to the blastocyst stage at a similar rate to those derived from non-treated cells. However, direct treatment of SCNT or in vitro fertilized embryos with chaetocin impaired the embryonic development. These results suggest that although chaetocin is a potential agent for modulating H3K9 methylation in cells, it may have an adverse effect on the development of embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - En-En Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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47
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Nishikawaji T, Akiyama Y, Shimada S, Kojima K, Kawano T, Eishi Y, Yuasa Y, Tanaka S. Oncogenic roles of the SETDB2 histone methyltransferase in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67251-67265. [PMID: 27572307 PMCID: PMC5341872 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SETDB2 is a histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) tri-methyltransferase that is involved in transcriptional gene silencing. Since it is still unknown whether SETDB2 is linked to carcinogenesis, we studied alterations and functions of SETDB2 in human gastric cancers (GCs). SETDB2 protein was highly expressed in 30 of 72 (41.7%) primary GC tissues compared with their normal counterparts by immunohistochemistry. SETDB2 overexpression was significantly associated with the late stage of GCs (P<0.05) and poor prognosis of GC patients (P<0.05). The GC cell lines with SETDB2 knockdown and overexpression significantly decreased and increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively (P<0.05). Knockdown of SETDB2 in MKN74 and MKN45 cells reduced global H3K9 tri-methylation (me3) levels. Microarray analysis indicated that expression of WWOX and CADM1, tumor suppressor genes, was significantly enhanced in MKN74 cells after SETDB2 knockdown. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that the H3K9me3 levels at the promoter regions of these two genes corresponded to the SETDB2 expression levels in GC cells. Moreover, ectopic SETDB2 protein was recruited to their promoter regions. Our data suggest that SETDB2 is associated with transcriptional repression of WWOX and CADM1, and hence overexpression of SETDB2 may contribute to GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketo Nishikawaji
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Akiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Shimada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kojima
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Kawano
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Eishi
- Department of Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Yuasa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Kowolik CM, Lin M, Xie J, Overman LE, Horne DA. NT1721, a novel epidithiodiketopiperazine, exhibits potent in vitro and in vivo efficacy against acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86186-86197. [PMID: 27863389 PMCID: PMC5349906 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by heterogeneous genetic and epigenetic changes in hematopoietic progenitors that lead to abnormal self-renewal and proliferation. Despite high initial remission rates, prognosis remains poor for most AML patients, especially for those harboring internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations in the fms-related tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3). Here, we report that a novel epidithiodiketopiperazine, NT1721, potently decreased the cell viability of FLT3-ITD+ AML cell lines, displaying IC50 values in the low nanomolar range, while leaving normal CD34+ bone marrow cells largely unaffected. The IC50 values for NT1721 were significantly lower than those for clinically used AML drugs (i.e. cytarabine, sorafenib) in all tested AML cell lines regardless of their FLT3 mutation status. Moreover, combinations of NT1721 with sorafenib or cytarabine showed better antileukemic effects than the single agents in vitro. Combining cytarabine with NT1721 also attenuated the cytarabine-induced FLT3 ligand surge that has been linked to resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Mechanistically, NT1721 depleted DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) protein levels, leading to the re-expression of silenced tumor suppressor genes and apoptosis induction. NT1721 concomitantly decreased the expression of EZH2 and BMI1, two genes that are associated with the maintenance of leukemic stem/progenitor cells. In a systemic FLT3-ITD+ AML mouse model, treatment with NT1721 reduced tumor burdens by > 95% compared to the control and significantly increased survival times. Taken together, our results suggest that NT1721 may represent a promising novel agent for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Kowolik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Min Lin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Larry E Overman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - David A Horne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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49
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Wang DY, An SH, Liu L, Bai SS, Wu KX, Zhu R, Wang ZJ. Hepatitis B virus X protein influences enrichment profiles of H3K9me3 on promoter regions in human hepatoma cell lines. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84883-84892. [PMID: 27768594 PMCID: PMC5356706 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein (HBx) could promote the trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3) to repress tumor suppressor genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this work, we analyze 23,148 human promoters using ChIP-chip to determine the effects of HBx on H3K9me3 enrichments in hepatoma cells with transfection of HBx-expressing plasmid. Immunohistochemistry for HBx and H3K9me3 was performed in 21 cases of HBV-associated HCC tissues. We identified that H3K9me3 immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with HBx staining in HCC tissues. ChIP-chip data indicated that HBx remarkably altered promoter enrichments of H3K9me3 in hepatoma cells. We identified 25 gene promoters, whose H3K9me3 enrichments are significantly altered in hepatoma cells transfected HBx-expressing plasmid, including 19 gaining H3K9m3, and six losing this mark. Most of these genes have not been previously reported in HCC, and BTBD17, MIR6089, ZNF205-AS1 and ZP1 have not previously been linked to cancer; only two genes (DAB2IP and ZNF185) have been reported in HCC. Genomic analyses suggested that genes with the differential H3K9me3 enrichments function in diverse cellular pathways and many are involved in cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di-Yi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Shu-Hong An
- Department of Human Anatomy, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Shan-Shan Bai
- Department of Pathology, The First people's Hospital of Taian, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Kai-Xiang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhao-Jin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
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Karthik IP, Desai P, Sukumar S, Dimitrijevic A, Rajalingam K, Mahalingam S. E4BP4/NFIL3 modulates the epigenetically repressed RAS effector RASSF8 function through histone methyltransferases. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5624-5635. [PMID: 29467226 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RAS proteins are major human oncogenes, and most of the studies are focused on enzymatic RAS effectors. Recently, nonenzymatic RAS effectors (RASSF, RAS association domain family) have garnered special attention because of their tumor-suppressive properties in contrast to the oncogenic potential of the classical enzymatic RAS effectors. Whereas most members of RASSF family are deregulated by promoter hypermethylation, RASSF8 promoter remains unmethylated in many cancers but the mechanism(s) of its down-regulation remains unknown. Here, we unveil E4BP4 as a critical transcriptional modulator repressing RASSF8 expression through histone methyltransferases, G9a and SUV39H1. In line with these observations, we noticed a negative correlation of RASSF8 and E4BP4 expression in primary breast tumor samples. In addition, our data provide evidence that E4BP4 attenuates RASSF8-mediated anti-proliferation and apoptosis, shedding mechanistic insights into RASSF8 down-regulation in breast cancers. Collectively, our study provides a better understanding on the epigenetic regulation of RASSF8 function and implicates the development of better treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isai Pratha Karthik
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Tissue Biobank, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600 036, India and
| | - Pavitra Desai
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Tissue Biobank, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600 036, India and
| | - Sudarkodi Sukumar
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Tissue Biobank, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600 036, India and
| | - Aleksandra Dimitrijevic
- Molecular Signaling Unit-Forschungszentrum für Immuntherapie, Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Krishnaraj Rajalingam
- Molecular Signaling Unit-Forschungszentrum für Immuntherapie, Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sundarasamy Mahalingam
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Tissue Biobank, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600 036, India and
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