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Rigalli JP, Gagliardi A, Diester K, Bajraktari-Sylejmani G, Blank A, Burhenne J, Lenard A, Werntz L, Huppertz A, Münch L, Wendt JM, Sauter M, Haefeli WE, Weiss J. Extracellular Vesicles as Surrogates for the Regulation of the Drug Transporters ABCC2 (MRP2) and ABCG2 (BCRP). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4118. [PMID: 38612927 PMCID: PMC11012658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug efflux transporters of the ATP-binding-cassette superfamily play a major role in the availability and concentration of drugs at their site of action. ABCC2 (MRP2) and ABCG2 (BCRP) are among the most important drug transporters that determine the pharmacokinetics of many drugs and whose overexpression is associated with cancer chemoresistance. ABCC2 and ABCG2 expression is frequently altered during treatment, thus influencing efficacy and toxicity. Currently, there are no routine approaches available to closely monitor transporter expression. Here, we developed and validated a UPLC-MS/MS method to quantify ABCC2 and ABCG2 in extracellular vesicles (EVs) from cell culture and plasma. In this way, an association between ABCC2 protein levels and transporter activity in HepG2 cells treated with rifampicin and hypericin and their derived EVs was observed. Although ABCG2 was detected in MCF7 cell-derived EVs, the transporter levels in the vesicles did not reflect the expression in the cells. An analysis of plasma EVs from healthy volunteers confirmed, for the first time at the protein level, the presence of both transporters in more than half of the samples. Our findings support the potential of analyzing ABC transporters, and especially ABCC2, in EVs to estimate the transporter expression in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Rigalli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Anna Gagliardi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Klara Diester
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Gzona Bajraktari-Sylejmani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Antje Blank
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Alexander Lenard
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Lars Werntz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Andrea Huppertz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
- MVZ Diaverum Remscheid, Rosenhügelstraße 4a, 42859 Remscheid, Germany
| | - Lena Münch
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Janica Margrit Wendt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Max Sauter
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Walter Emil Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Johanna Weiss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (W.E.H.); (J.W.)
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Ijaz S, Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Tufail A, Yaseen T, Uddin S, Usman K, Ullah R, Bibi H, Inam P, Sagindykova E, Gürer ES, Habtemariam S, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J. Current stage of preclinical and clinical development of guggulsterone in cancers: Challenges and promises. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:128-142. [PMID: 38148708 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Throughout human history, the utilization of medicinal herbs has been recognized as a crucial defense against various ailments, including cancer. Natural products with potential anticancer properties, capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, have garnered substantial attention. One such agent under investigation is guggulsterone (GS), a phytosterol derived from the gum resin of the Commiphora mukul tree. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of recent studies elucidating the anticancer molecular mechanisms and molecular targets of GS, guiding future research and potential applications as an adjuvant drug in cancer therapy. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies have explored the biological activities of the active ingredients in Commiphora mukul. Specifically, GS emerges as a potential cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic agent. The investigations delve into the impact of GS on constitutively activated survival pathways, including Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), and PI3-kinase/AKT signaling pathways. These pathways regulate antiapoptotic and proinflammatory genes, exerting control over growth and inflammatory responses. The findings highlight the potential of GS in disrupting survival pathways crucial for cancer cell viability. The inhibition of JAK/STAT, NF-kB, and PI3-kinase/AKT signaling pathways positions GS as a promising candidate for cancer therapy. The review synthesizes evidence from diverse studies, underscoring the multifaceted biological activities of GS in cancer prevention and treatment. To advance our understanding, future clinical and translational studies are imperative to determine effective doses in humans. Additionally, there is a need for the development of new pharmaceutical forms of GS to optimize therapeutic effects. This comprehensive review provides a foundation for ongoing research, offering insights into the potential of GS as a valuable addition to the armamentarium against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Ijaz
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Aasma Tufail
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Siraj Uddin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Usman
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Rafi Ullah
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Haseena Bibi
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Palwasha Inam
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Elvira Sagindykova
- Faculty of Science and Technology, The Caspian University of Technology and Engineering Named after Sh.Yessenov, Aktau, Kazakhstan
| | - Eda Sönmez Gürer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
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Liu L, Jiang D, Bai S, Zhang X, Kang Y. Research progress of exosomes in drug resistance of breast cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1214648. [PMID: 38239920 PMCID: PMC10794616 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1214648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Since breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, there are currently a variety of treatment methods available, including chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, etc. Breast cancer recurrence and metastasis, despite many treatment modalities, constitute a considerable threat to patients' survival time and pose a clinical challenge that is difficult to tackle precisely. Exosomes have a very special and crucial role in the treatment of drug resistance in breast cancer as a carrier of intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment. Exosomes and breast cancer treatment resistance have been linked in a growing number of clinical investigations in recent years. This paper covers the status of research on exosomes in the treatment of breast cancer drug resistance and offers theoretical guidance for investigating new strategies to treat breast cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Daqing Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi Bai
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Bukva M, Dobra G, Gyukity-Sebestyen E, Boroczky T, Korsos MM, Meckes DG, Horvath P, Buzas K, Harmati M. Machine learning-based analysis of cancer cell-derived vesicular proteins revealed significant tumor-specificity and predictive potential of extracellular vesicles for cell invasion and proliferation - A meta-analysis. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:333. [PMID: 37986165 PMCID: PMC10658864 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although interest in the role of extracellular vesicles (EV) in oncology is growing, not all potential aspects have been investigated. In this meta-analysis, data regarding (i) the EV proteome and (ii) the invasion and proliferation capacity of the NCI-60 tumor cell lines (60 cell lines from nine different tumor types) were analyzed using machine learning methods. METHODS On the basis of the entire proteome or the proteins shared by all EV samples, 60 cell lines were classified into the nine tumor types using multiple logistic regression. Then, utilizing the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, we constructed a discriminative protein panel, upon which the samples were reclassified and pathway analyses were performed. These panels were validated using clinical data (n = 4,665) from Human Protein Atlas. RESULTS Classification models based on the entire proteome, shared proteins, and discriminative protein panel were able to distinguish the nine tumor types with 49.15%, 69.10%, and 91.68% accuracy, respectively. Invasion and proliferation capacity of the 60 cell lines were predicted with R2 = 0.68 and R2 = 0.62 (p < 0.0001). The results of the Reactome pathway analysis of the discriminative protein panel suggest that the molecular content of EVs might be indicative of tumor-specific biological processes. CONCLUSION Integrating in vitro EV proteomic data, cell physiological characteristics, and clinical data of various tumor types illuminates the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential of EVs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matyas Bukva
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Dobra
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Edina Gyukity-Sebestyen
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Timea Boroczky
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Marietta Margareta Korsos
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - David G Meckes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Peter Horvath
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Buzas
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Maria Harmati
- Department of Immunology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
- Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
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Wandrey M, Jablonska J, Stauber RH, Gül D. Exosomes in Cancer Progression and Therapy Resistance: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2033. [PMID: 37895415 PMCID: PMC10608050 DOI: 10.3390/life13102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of therapy resistance still represents a major hurdle in treating cancers, leading to impaired treatment success and increased patient morbidity. The establishment of minimally invasive liquid biopsies is a promising approach to improving the early diagnosis, as well as therapy monitoring, of solid tumors. Because of their manifold functions in the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated small extracellular vesicles, referred to as exosomes, have become a subject of intense research. Besides their important roles in cancer progression, metastasis, and the immune response, it has been proposed that exosomes also contribute to the acquisition and transfer of therapy resistance, mainly by delivering functional proteins and RNAs, as well as facilitating the export of active drugs or functioning as extracellular decoys. Extensive research has focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence of resistance and translating these into strategies for early detection. With this review, we want to provide an overview of the current knowledge about the (patho-)biology of exosomes, as well as state-of-the-art methods of isolation and analysis. Furthermore, we highlight the role of exosomes in tumorigenesis and cancer treatment, where they can function as therapeutic agents, biomarkers, and/or targets. By focusing on their roles in therapy resistance, we will reveal new paths of exploiting exosomes for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madita Wandrey
- Nanobiomedicine/ENT Department, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.W.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Translational Oncology/ENT Department, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Roland H. Stauber
- Nanobiomedicine/ENT Department, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.W.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Désirée Gül
- Nanobiomedicine/ENT Department, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.W.); (R.H.S.)
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Mattioli R, Ilari A, Colotti B, Mosca L, Fazi F, Colotti G. Doxorubicin and other anthracyclines in cancers: Activity, chemoresistance and its overcoming. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 93:101205. [PMID: 37515939 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Anthracyclines have been important and effective treatments against a number of cancers since their discovery. However, their use in therapy has been complicated by severe side effects and toxicity that occur during or after treatment, including cardiotoxicity. The mode of action of anthracyclines is complex, with several mechanisms proposed. It is possible that their high toxicity is due to the large set of processes involved in anthracycline action. The development of resistance is a major barrier to successful treatment when using anthracyclines. This resistance is based on a series of mechanisms that have been studied and addressed in recent years. This work provides an overview of the anthracyclines used in cancer therapy. It discusses their mechanisms of activity, toxicity, and chemoresistance, as well as the approaches used to improve their activity, decrease their toxicity, and overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mattioli
- Dept. Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ilari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council IBPM-CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Colotti
- Dept. Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Dept. Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council IBPM-CNR, Rome, Italy.
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Ríos Medrano MA, Bigi MM, Martínez Ponce P, Podesta EJ, Orlando UD. Exposure to anticancer drugs modulates the expression of ACSL4 and ABCG2 proteins in adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20769. [PMID: 37867801 PMCID: PMC10585233 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and malignant disease, with more than 50 % of patients developing hormone-secreting tumors. These tumors are genetically heterogeneous and potentially lethal, as metastasis is often underway at the time of diagnosis. While chemoresistance can be multifactorial, Acyl CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) is known to contribute to the generation of highly aggressive cellular phenotypes, while increased expression and activity of multidrug transporters such as ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) are known to play a key role. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine changes in the expression of ACSL4 and ABCG2 in ACC cell lines after exposure to antitumor drugs. Bioinformatics analysis of public database GSE140818 revealed higher ACSL4 and ABCG2 expression in HAC15 cells resistant to mitotane when compared to wild type cells. In addition, our studies revealed an increase in ACSL4 and ABCG2 expression in lowly aggressive H295R cells undergoing early treatment with non-lethal concentrations of mitotane, doxorubicin and cisplatin. Comparable results were obtained in lowly aggressive breast cancer cells MCF-7. The increase in ACSL4 and ABCG2 expression favored tumor cell viability, proliferation and compound efflux, an effect partially offset by ACSL4 and ABCG2 inhibitors. These results provide relevant data on the undesired molecular effects of antitumor drugs and may fuel future studies on patients' early response to antitumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Agustina Ríos Medrano
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED). Buenos Aires. Argentina
| | - María Mercedes Bigi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED). Buenos Aires. Argentina
| | - Paloma Martínez Ponce
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED). Buenos Aires. Argentina
| | - Ernesto Jorge Podesta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED). Buenos Aires. Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Bioquímica Humana. Buenos Aires. Argentina
| | - Ulises Daniel Orlando
- Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED). Buenos Aires. Argentina
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Hegde M, Girisa S, Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Mohan CD, Warrier S, Hui KM, Rangappa KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting nuclear receptors for effective cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:765-822. [PMID: 36482154 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of forty-eight transcription factors that modulate gene expression both spatially and temporally. Numerous biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, immune modulation, development, reproduction, and aging are extensively orchestrated by different NRs. The involvement of dysregulated NRs and NR-mediated signaling pathways in driving cancer cell hallmarks has been thoroughly investigated. Targeting NRs has been one of the major focuses of drug development strategies for cancer interventions. Interestingly, rapid progress in molecular biology and drug screening reveals that the naturally occurring compounds are promising modern oncology drugs which are free of potentially inevitable repercussions that are associated with synthetic compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to draw our attention to the potential therapeutic effects of various classes of natural compounds that target NRs such as phytochemicals, dietary components, venom constituents, royal jelly-derived compounds, and microbial derivatives in the establishment of novel and safe medications for cancer treatment. This review also emphasizes molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are leveraged to promote the anti-cancer effects of these natural compounds. We have also critically reviewed and assessed the advantages and limitations of current preclinical and clinical studies on this subject for cancer prophylaxis. This might subsequently pave the way for new paradigms in the discovery of drugs that target specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Nikunj Naliyadhara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, Michael Atiyah Building, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712, Gamasa, Egypt
| | | | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Bucci-Muñoz M, Gola AM, Rigalli JP, Ceballos MP, Ruiz ML. Extracellular Vesicles and Cancer Multidrug Resistance: Undesirable Intercellular Messengers? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1633. [PMID: 37629489 PMCID: PMC10455762 DOI: 10.3390/life13081633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main mechanisms contributing to therapy failure and mortality. Overexpression of drug transporters of the ABC family (ATP-binding cassette) is a major cause of MDR. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by most cells of the organism involved in cell-cell communication. Their cargo mainly comprises, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, which are transferred from a donor cell to a target cell and lead to phenotypical changes. In this article, we review the scientific evidence addressing the regulation of ABC transporters by EV-mediated cell-cell communication. MDR transfer from drug-resistant to drug-sensitive cells has been identified in several tumor entities. This was attributed, in some cases, to the direct shuttle of transporter molecules or its coding mRNA between cells. Also, EV-mediated transport of regulatory proteins (e.g., transcription factors) and noncoding RNAs have been indicated to induce MDR. Conversely, the transfer of a drug-sensitive phenotype via EVs has also been reported. Additionally, interactions between non-tumor cells and the tumor cells with an impact on MDR are presented. Finally, we highlight uninvestigated aspects and possible approaches to exploiting this knowledge toward the identification of druggable processes and molecules and, ultimately, the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Bucci-Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
| | - Aldana Magalí Gola
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
| | - Juan Pablo Rigalli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - María Paula Ceballos
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
| | - María Laura Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
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10
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Tian W, Niu X, Feng F, Wang X, Wang J, Yao W, Zhang P. The promising roles of exosomal microRNAs in osteosarcoma: A new insight into the clinical therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114771. [PMID: 37119740 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone sarcoma in children. Chemotherapy drugs resistance significantly hinders the overall survival of patients. Due to high biocompatibility and immunocompatibility, exosomes have been explored extensively. Multiple parent cells can actively secrete numerous exosomes, and the membrane structure of exosomes can protect miRNAs from degradation. Based on these characteristics, exosomal miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence, development, drug resistance. Therefore, in-depth exploration of exosome biogenesis and role of exosomal miRNAs will provide new strategies and targets for understanding the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma and overcoming chemotherapy drug resistance. Moreover, advancing evidences have showed that engineering modification could attribute stronger targeting to exosomes to deliver cargos to recipient cells more effectively. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs on the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma and the potential to function as tumor biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis prediction. In addition, we also summarize recent advances in the clinical application values of engineering exosomes to provide novel ideas and directions for overcoming the chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tian
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Xiaoying Niu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Weitao Yao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
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11
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Tolue Ghasaban F, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of autophagy-mediated cisplatin response in tumor cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:80. [PMID: 37098542 PMCID: PMC10127417 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the most common therapeutic methods in advanced and metastatic tumors. Cisplatin (CDDP) is considered as one of the main first-line chemotherapy drugs in solid tumors. However, there is a high rate of CDDP resistance in cancer patients. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) as one of the main therapeutic challenges in cancer patients is associated with various cellular processes such as drug efflux, DNA repair, and autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that protects the tumor cells toward the chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, autophagy regulatory factors can increase or decrease the chemotherapy response in tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a pivotal role in regulation of autophagy in normal and tumor cells. Therefore, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in CDDP response through the regulation of autophagy. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly increased the CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells by inhibition of autophagy. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and autophagy-related genes (ATGs) were the main targets of miRNAs in the regulation of autophagy-mediated CDDP response in tumor cells. This review can be an effective step to introduce the miRNAs as efficient therapeutic options to increase autophagy-mediated CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Tolue Ghasaban
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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12
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Lee Y, Graham P, Li Y. Extracellular vesicles as a novel approach for breast cancer therapeutics. Cancer Lett 2023; 555:216036. [PMID: 36521658 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) still lacks effective management approaches to control metastatic and therapy-resistant disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), with a diameter of 50-1000 nm, are secreted by all types of living cells, are protected by a lipid bilayer and encapsulate biological cargos including RNAs, proteins and lipids. They play an important role in intercellular communications and are significantly associated with pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer cells secrete EVs and communicate with neighboring cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), which plays an important role in BC metastasis, immune escape and chemoresistance, thus providing a new therapeutic window. EVs can stimulate angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling, establish premetastatic niches, inhibit immune response and promote cancer metastasis. Recent advances have demonstrated that EVs are a potential therapeutic target or carrier and have emerged as promising strategies for BC treatment. In this review, we summarize the role of EVs in BC metastasis, chemoresistance and immune escape, which provides the foundation for developing novel therapeutic approaches. We also focus on current EV-based drug delivery strategies in BC and EV cargo-targeted BC therapy and discuss the limitations and future perspectives of EV-based drug delivery in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Lee
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia; Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Peter Graham
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia; Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Yong Li
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia; Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.
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13
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Hua F, Xiao YY, Qu XH, Li SS, Zhang K, Zhou C, He JL, Zhu Y, Wan YY, Jiang LP, Tou FF, Han XJ. Baicalein sensitizes triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells to doxorubicin via autophagy-mediated down-regulation of CDK1. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:1519-1531. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04597-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Li Y, Zhao W, Wang Y, Wang H, Liu S. Extracellular vesicle-mediated crosstalk between pancreatic cancer and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:208. [PMID: 35501802 PMCID: PMC9063273 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) interacts closely with the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is remodeled by crosstalk between pancreatic cancer cells and stromal cells, and is critical for cancer progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, help facilitate an exchange of information both within the TME and to distant organs. EVs have also been identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and drug carriers for pancreatic cancer treatment. Thus, understanding the selective packaging of EVs cargo and its mechanistic impact will increase our understanding of cancer biology. In this review, we collect and analyze recent findings of the pancreatic cancer-stromal cell interactions mediated by EVs and the mechanisms involved in cancer-related immunity and chemoresistance. These studies demonstrate the vital role of EVs in pancreatic cancer reprogramming and TME remodeling. We also summarize the EVs identified as potential PDAC diagnostic biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets. This greater understanding is a promising avenue for transitioning EVs from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Operating Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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15
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Multifunctional Role of Lipids in Modulating the Tumorigenic Properties of 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084240. [PMID: 35457057 PMCID: PMC9024985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth and progression are linked to an altered lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME), including tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). A growing number of lipid metabolism targeting drugs have shown efficacy in anti-tumor therapy. In addition, exogenously applied lipids and lipid analogues have demonstrated anti-tumor activities in several cancers, including breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor efficacies of the natural lipids palmitic acid (PA), sphingomyelin (SM), ceramide (Cer) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on breast cancer cells. All tested lipids reduced the malignancy of breast cancer cells in vitro by impairing cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness. PA showed superior anti-tumor properties, as it additionally impaired cancer cell viability by inducing apoptosis, without affecting healthy cells. Co-culture experiments further demonstrated that Cer and PA reduced the immunosuppressive phenotype of M2 macrophages and the M2 macrophage-promoted the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of breast cancer cells. At the molecular level, this coincided with the up-regulation of E-cadherin. Our results highlight a powerful role for exogenously applied PA and Cer in reducing breast cancer tumorigenicity by simultaneously targeting cancer cells and M2 macrophages. Our findings support the notion that lipids represent alternative biocompatible therapeutic agents for breast cancer.
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16
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Brena D, Huang MB, Bond V. Extracellular vesicle-mediated transport: Reprogramming a tumor microenvironment conducive with breast cancer progression and metastasis. Transl Oncol 2021; 15:101286. [PMID: 34839106 PMCID: PMC8636863 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles’ (EVs) role in breast tumor microenvironment and pre-metastatic niche development. Breast cancer EV-mediated transmission of pro-metastatic and drug-resistant phenotypes. Precision medicine with EVs as biomarkers and delivery vehicles for drug and anticancer genetic material.
Breast cancer metastatic progression to critical secondary sites is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. While existing therapies are highly effective in combating primary tumors, metastatic disease is generally deemed incurable with a median survival of only 2, 3 years. Extensive efforts have focused on identifying metastatic contributory targets for therapeutic antagonism and prevention to improve patient survivability. Excessive breast cancer release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), whose contents stimulate a metastatic phenotype, represents a promising target. Complex breast cancer intercellular communication networks are based on EV transport and transference of molecular information is in bulk resulting in complete reprogramming events within recipient cells. Other breast cancer cells can acquire aggressive phenotypes, endothelial cells can be induced to undergo tubule formation, and immune cells can be neutralized. Recent advancements continue to implicate the critical role EVs play in cultivating a tumor microenvironment tailored to cancer proliferation, metastasis, immune evasion, and conference of drug resistance. This literature review serves to frame the role of EV transport in breast cancer progression and metastasis. The following five sections will be addressed: (1) Intercellular communication in developing a tumor microenvironment & pre-metastatic niche. (2) Induction of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (3). Immune suppression & evasion. (4) Transmission of drug resistance mechanisms. (5) Precision medicine: clinical applications of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Brena
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
| | - Ming-Bo Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States.
| | - Vincent Bond
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
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17
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Hariharan H, Kesavan Y, Raja NS. Impact of native and external factors on exosome release: understanding reactive exosome secretion and its biogenesis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7559-7573. [PMID: 34626311 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06733-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are minuscule vesicles secreted in the endolytic region of most mammalian cells. The release of exosomes from the cell engenders cell-to-cell signaling between cellular-compartments. The trading of exosomes between tumor and yonder cells plays a hypercritical role in tumor growth and progression. The exosome released from each tumor cell sequestrates a unique biogenetic pathway reflecting its cellular origin depending on the tumor type. However, treatment of tumor cells with certain physiological factors like drugs, chemotherapy, radiation, etc., enhance the release of exosomes and alters its biogenetic pathway compared with untreated tumor cells. In this review, we will discuss how the non-native physiological factors influence the release of exosomes and how these reactive exosomes orchestrate a unique patterning of a cargo sorting mechanism. We will also discuss the role of reactively secreted exosomes in mediating tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Hariharan
- MPI Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, India
| | - Yasodha Kesavan
- MPI Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, India
| | - Natesan Sella Raja
- MPI Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, India.
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18
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Bondhopadhyay B, Sisodiya S, Alzahrani FA, Bakhrebah MA, Chikara A, Kasherwal V, Khan A, Rani J, Dar SA, Akhter N, Tanwar P, Agrawal U, Hussain S. Exosomes: A Forthcoming Era of Breast Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4672. [PMID: 34572899 PMCID: PMC8464658 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent advancements in therapeutics and personalized medicine, breast cancer remains one of the most lethal cancers among women. The prognostic and diagnostic aids mainly include assessment of tumor tissues with conventional methods towards better therapeutic strategies. However, current era of gene-based research may influence the treatment outcome particularly as an adjunct to diagnostics by exploring the role of non-invasive liquid biopsies or circulating markers. The characterization of tumor milieu for physiological fluids has been central to identifying the role of exosomes or small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). These exosomes provide necessary communication between tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The manipulation of exosomes in TME may provide promising diagnostic/therapeutic strategies, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer patients. This review has described and highlighted the role of exosomes in breast carcinogenesis and how they could be used or targeted by recent immunotherapeutics to achieve promising intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banashree Bondhopadhyay
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida 201301, India; (B.B.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (V.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Sandeep Sisodiya
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida 201301, India; (B.B.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (V.K.); (J.R.)
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 411004, India
| | - Faisal Abdulrahman Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Embryonic Stem Cells Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammed A. Bakhrebah
- Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Atul Chikara
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida 201301, India; (B.B.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (V.K.); (J.R.)
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune 411004, India
| | - Vishakha Kasherwal
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida 201301, India; (B.B.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (V.K.); (J.R.)
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201313, India
| | - Asiya Khan
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, India;
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. Bheem Rao Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. BRA-IRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110023, India;
| | - Jyoti Rani
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida 201301, India; (B.B.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (V.K.); (J.R.)
| | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naseem Akhter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha 65411, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. Bheem Rao Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (Dr. BRA-IRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110023, India;
| | - Usha Agrawal
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Showket Hussain
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida 201301, India; (B.B.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (V.K.); (J.R.)
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19
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Xiang H, Jin S, Tan F, Xu Y, Lu Y, Wu T. Physiological functions and therapeutic applications of neutral sphingomyelinase and acid sphingomyelinase. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111610. [PMID: 33957567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) can be converted into ceramide (Cer) by neutral sphingomyelinase (NSM) and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). Cer is a second messenger of lipids and can regulate cell growth and apoptosis. Increasing evidence shows that NSM and ASM play key roles in many processes, such as apoptosis, immune function and inflammation. Therefore, NSM and ASM have broad prospects in clinical treatments, especially in cancer, cardiovascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis), nervous system diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease), respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and the phenotype of dwarfisms in adolescents, playing a complex regulatory role. This review focuses on the physiological functions of NSM and ASM and summarizes their roles in certain diseases and their potential applications in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenglang Tan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Tallon C, Hollinger KR, Pal A, Bell BJ, Rais R, Tsukamoto T, Witwer KW, Haughey NJ, Slusher BS. Nipping disease in the bud: nSMase2 inhibitors as therapeutics in extracellular vesicle-mediated diseases. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1656-1668. [PMID: 33798648 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are indispensable mediators of intercellular communication, but they can also assume a nefarious role by ferrying pathological cargo that contributes to neurological, oncological, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. The canonical pathway for generating EVs involves the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery, but an alternative pathway is induced by the enrichment of lipid membrane ceramides generated by neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2). Inhibition of nSMase2 has become an attractive therapeutic strategy for inhibiting EV biogenesis, and a growing number of small-molecule nSMase2 inhibitors have shown promising therapeutic activity in preclinical disease models. This review outlines the function of EVs, their potential role in disease, the discovery and efficacy of nSMase2 inhibitors, and the path to translate these findings into therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Tallon
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kristen R Hollinger
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Arindom Pal
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Benjamin J Bell
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Takashi Tsukamoto
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Norman J Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Chemotherapy represents the current mainstay therapeutic approach for most types of cancer. Despite the development of targeted chemotherapeutic strategies, the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs is severely limited by the development of drug resistance. Multidrug resistance (MDR) consists of the simultaneous resistance to various unrelated cytotoxic drugs and is one of the main causes of anticancer treatment failure. One of the principal mechanisms by which cancer cells become MDR involves the overexpression of ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), mediating the active efflux of cytotoxic molecules from the cytoplasm. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are submicron lipid-enclosed vesicles that are released by all cells and which play a fundamental role in intercellular communication in physiological and pathological contexts. EVs have fundamental function at each step of cancer development and progression. They mediate the transmission of MDR through the transfer of vesicle cargo including functional ABC transporters as well as nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Furthermore, EVs mediate MDR by sequestering anticancer drugs and stimulate cancer cell migration and invasion. EVs also mediate the communication with the tumour microenvironment and the immune system, resulting in increased angiogenesis, metastasis and immune evasion. All these actions contribute directly and indirectly to the development of chemoresistance and treatment failure. In this chapter, we describe the many roles EVs play in the acquisition and spread of chemoresistance in cancer. We also discuss possible uses of EVs as pharmacological targets to overcome EV-mediated drug resistance and the potential that the analysis of tumour-derived EVs offers as chemoresistance biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele De Rubis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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22
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Dong X, Bai X, Ni J, Zhang H, Duan W, Graham P, Li Y. Exosomes and breast cancer drug resistance. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:987. [PMID: 33203834 PMCID: PMC7673022 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03189-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a daunting challenge in the treatment of breast cancer (BC). Exosomes, as intercellular communicative vectors in the tumor microenvironment, play an important role in BC progression. With the in-depth understanding of tumor heterogeneity, an emerging role of exosomes in drug resistance has attracted extensive attention. The functional proteins or non-coding RNAs contained in exosomes secreted from tumor and stromal cells mediate drug resistance by regulating drug efflux and metabolism, pro-survival signaling, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, stem-like property, and tumor microenvironmental remodeling. In this review, we summarize the underlying associations between exosomes and drug resistance of BC and discuss the unique biogenesis of exosomes, the change of exosome cargo, and the pattern of release by BC cells in response to drug treatment. Moreover, we propose exosome as a candidate biomarker in predicting and monitoring the therapeutic drug response of BC and as a potential target or carrier to reverse the drug resistance of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Dong
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Xupeng Bai
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Jie Ni
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology and Department of Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Peter Graham
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Yong Li
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia. .,School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Henan, China.
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23
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Girisa S, Parama D, Harsha C, Banik K, Kunnumakkara AB. Potential of guggulsterone, a farnesoid X receptor antagonist, in the prevention and treatment of cancer. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2020; 1:313-342. [PMID: 36046484 PMCID: PMC9400725 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most dreadful diseases in the world with a mortality of 9.6 million annually. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment during the last couple of decades, it still remains a serious concern due to the limitations associated with currently available cancer management strategies. Therefore, alternative strategies are highly required to overcome these glitches. The importance of medicinal plants as primary healthcare has been well-known from time immemorial against various human diseases, including cancer. Commiphora wightii that belongs to Burseraceae family is one such plant which has been used to cure various ailments in traditional systems of medicine. This plant has diverse pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antimutagenic, and antitumor which mostly owes to the presence of its active compound guggulsterone (GS) that exists in the form of Z- and E-isomers. Mounting evidence suggests that this compound has promising anticancer activities and was shown to suppress several cancer signaling pathways such as NF-κB/ERK/MAPK/AKT/STAT and modulate the expression of numerous signaling molecules such as the farnesoid X receptor, cyclin D1, survivin, caspases, HIF-1α, MMP-9, EMT proteins, tumor suppressor proteins, angiogenic proteins, and apoptotic proteins. The current review is an attempt to summarize the biological activities and diverse anticancer activities (both in vitro and in vivo) of the compound GS and its derivatives, along with its associated mechanism against various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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24
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Mohapatra P, Singh P, Sahoo SK. Phytonanomedicine: a novel avenue to treat recurrent cancer by targeting cancer stem cells. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1307-1321. [PMID: 32554061 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that tumor relapse and metastasis is caused by minor population of tumor-initiating cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which exhibit self-renewability, quiescence, antiapoptosis, and drug resistance. Conventional chemotherapeutics target rapidly proliferating cells but fail to exert cytotoxic effects on CSCs, thus enriching them and driving metastasis and relapse. Hence, targeting CSCs is essential for developing novel therapies for effective cancer treatment. Pertaining to this, several phytochemicals have been identified that exhibit anti-CSC activity. However, poor pharmacokinetics prevents their clinical translation. Hence, developing phytonanomedicine can help to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of these biologically active molecules. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art of phytonanomedicine in the context of CSCs and their clinical status in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priya Singh
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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25
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Khatoon E, Banik K, Harsha C, Sailo BL, Thakur KK, Khwairakpam AD, Vikkurthi R, Devi TB, Gupta SC, Kunnumakkara AB. Phytochemicals in cancer cell chemosensitization: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:306-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Dominiak A, Chełstowska B, Olejarz W, Nowicka G. Communication in the Cancer Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1232. [PMID: 32422889 PMCID: PMC7281160 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex system composed of multiple cells, such as non-cancerous fibroblasts, adipocytes, immune and vascular cells, as well as signal molecules and mediators. Tumor cells recruit and reprogram other cells to produce factors that maintain tumor growth. Communication between cancerous and surrounding cells is a two-way process and engages a diverse range of mechanisms that, in consequence, can lead to rapid proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance, or can serve as a tumors-suppressor, e.g., through tumor-immune cell interaction. Cross-talk within the cancer microenvironment can be direct by cell-to-cell contact via adhesion molecules, electrical coupling, and passage through gap junctions, or indirect through classical paracrine signaling by cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles. Therapeutic approaches for modulation of cell-cell communication may be a promising strategy to combat tumors. In particular, integrative approaches targeting tumor communication in combination with conventional chemotherapy seem reasonable. Currently, special attention is paid to suppressing the formation of open-ended channels as well as blocking exosome production or ablating their cargos. However, many aspects of cell-to-cell communication have yet to be clarified, and, in particular, more work is needed in regard to mechanisms of bidirectional signal transfer. Finally, it seems that some interactions in TEM can be not only cancer-specific, but also patient-specific, and their recognition would help to predict patient response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Dominiak
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.N.)
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Chełstowska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-140 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wioletta Olejarz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.N.)
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.N.)
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Hallmarks of Cancer and Drug Resistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051141. [PMID: 32384712 PMCID: PMC7290603 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular signaling and communication, allowing the intercellular exchange of proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Their recognized role in the maintenance of the physiological balance and homeostasis seems to be severely disturbed throughout the carcinogenesis process. Indeed, the modus operandi of cancer implies the highjack of the EV signaling network to support tumor progression in many (if not all) human tumor malignancies. We have reviewed the current evidence for the role of EVs in affecting cancer hallmark traits by: (i) promoting cell proliferation and escape from apoptosis, (ii) sustaining angiogenesis, (iii) contributing to cancer cell invasion and metastasis, (iv) reprogramming energy metabolism, (v) transferring mutations, and (vi) modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) by evading immune response and promoting inflammation. Special emphasis was given to the role of EVs in the transfer of drug resistant traits and to the EV cargo responsible for this transfer, both between cancer cells or between the microenvironment and tumor cells. Finally, we reviewed evidence for the increased release of EVs by drug resistant cells. A timely and comprehensive understanding of how tumor EVs facilitate tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and drug resistance is instrumental for the development of innovative EV-based therapeutic approaches for cancer.
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28
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Roychoudhury S, Kumar A, Bhatkar D, Sharma NK. Molecular avenues in targeted doxorubicin cancer therapy. Future Oncol 2020; 16:687-700. [PMID: 32253930 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent, intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity is seen as one of key factors behind success and failure of chemotherapy. Incessant use of doxorubicin (DOX) drug is associated with numerous post-treatment debacles including cardiomyopathy, health disorders, reversal of tumor and formation of secondary tumors. The module of cancer treatment has undergone evolutionary changes by achieving crucial understanding on molecular, genetic, epigenetic and environmental adaptations by cancer cells. Therefore, there is a paradigm shift in cancer therapeutic by employing amalgam of peptide mimetic, small RNA mimetic, DNA repair protein inhibitors, signaling inhibitors and epigenetic modulators to achieve targeted and personalized DOX therapy. This review summarizes on recent therapeutic avenues that can potentiate DOX effects by removing discernible pitfalls among cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantani Roychoudhury
- Cancer & Translational Lab, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Cancer & Translational Lab, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Devyani Bhatkar
- Cancer & Translational Lab, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Cancer & Translational Lab, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India
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29
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Recent advances in novel drug delivery systems and approaches for management of breast cancer: A comprehensive review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Abstract
Sphingosine, ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and other related sphingolipids have emerged as important bioactive molecules involved in a variety of key cellular processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, exosome release, and inter- and intracellular cell communication, making the pathways of sphingolipid metabolism a key domain in maintaining cell homeostasis (Hannun and Obeid, Trends Biochem Sci 20:73-77, 1995; Hannun and Obeid, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:139-150, 2008; Kosaka et al., J Biol Chem 288:10849-10859, 2013). Various studies have determined that these pathways play a central role in regulating intracellular production of ceramide and the other bioactive sphingolipids and hence are an important component of signaling in various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases (Chaube et al., Biochim Biophys Acta 1821:313-323, 2012; Clarke et al., Adv Enzyme Regul 51:51-58, 2011b; Horres and Hannun, Neurochem Res 37:1137-1149, 2012). In this chapter, we discuss one of the major enzyme classes in producing ceramide, sphingomyelinases (SMases), from a biochemical and structural perspective with an emphasis on their applicability as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Shanbhogue
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Stony Brook University Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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31
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Ma Y, Yuwen D, Chen J, Zheng B, Gao J, Fan M, Xue W, Wang Y, Li W, Shu Y, Xu Q, Shen Y. Exosomal Transfer Of Cisplatin-Induced miR-425-3p Confers Cisplatin Resistance In NSCLC Through Activating Autophagy. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8121-8132. [PMID: 31632022 PMCID: PMC6790351 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s221383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exosomes are important mediators of intercellular communication. Previously, we characterized circulating exosomal miR-425-3p as a non-invasive prognostic marker for predicting clinical response to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Circulating exosomal miR-425-3p was validated by qRT-PCR in paired serum samples from NSCLC patients during the course of platinum-based chemotherapy. Cell coculture was performed to examine the effects of exosomal miR-425-3p on the sensitivity of recipient A549 cells to cisplatin. Using bioinformatics, ChIP and luciferase reporter assays, the transcription factor essential for miR-425-3p expression was identified. Autophagic activity in the recipient cells was determined by Western blot and fluorescence microscopy. Results Higher levels of exosomal miR-425-3p were found in serum samples from the patients in tolerance versus those at baseline. An upward trend in the expression of circulating exosomal miR-425-3p was revealed during chemotherapy. Furthermore, the expression of exosomal miR-425-3p could be induced by cisplatin in NSCLC cells. Exosomes isolated from either cisplatin-treated or cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells conferred chemoresistance to sensitive A549 cells in a miR-425-3p-dependent manner. Cisplatin-induced c-Myc was found to directly bind the miR-425-3p promoter and transactivated its expression. Exosomal miR-425-3p facilitated autophagic activation in the recipient cells by targeting AKT1, eventually leading to chemoresistance. Discussion Our results suggest that apart from a prognostic marker of treatment response, exosomal miR-425-3p might be a potential dynamic biomarker to tailor cisplatin resistance in NSCLC patients during the treatment and represent a promising therapeutic target for therapy-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Daolu Yuwen
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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Wang HX, Gires O. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in breast cancer: From bench to bedside. Cancer Lett 2019; 460:54-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Inhibiting exosomal MIC-A and MIC-B shedding of cancer cells to overcome immune escape: new insight of approved drugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:879-884. [PMID: 31435903 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the role of innate immunity in protecting against cancers has expanded greatly in recent years. An early focus was on the adoptive transfer of natural killer (NK) cells and, although this approach has demonstrated promising results in many patients, a few limitations including immune escape of tumors from cytotoxic killing by NK cells have caused treatment failures. Downregulation of the expression of activating ligands on the surface of cancer cells and prevention of the activity of soluble factors are among the mechanisms employed by cancer cells to overcome NK-mediated immunity. It has become evident that a class of small membranous structures of endosomal origin known as exosomes play a key role in regulating the local tumor microenvironment. Here we hypothesize that exosome secretion by cancer cells, which is greater than that of normal cells, is an important escape mechanism employed by cancer cells. Interruption of exosome release by various inhibitory agents in combination with the adoptive transfer of NK cells may overcome, at least in part, the treatment failures that occur with adoptive NK cell transfer. In this regard, repositioning of approved drugs with previously shown effects on exosome release may be a good strategy to bypass the safety issues of newly identified agents and will also dramatically reduce the huge costs of drug approval process.
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Shanbhogue P, Hoffmann RM, Airola MV, Maini R, Hamelin DJ, Garcia-Diaz M, Burke JE, Hannun YA. The juxtamembrane linker in neutral sphingomyelinase-2 functions as an intramolecular allosteric switch that activates the enzyme. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7488-7502. [PMID: 30890560 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) produces the bioactive lipid ceramide and has important roles in neurodegeneration, cancer, and exosome formation. Although nSMase2 has low basal activity, it is fully activated by phosphatidylserine (PS). Previous work showed that interdomain interactions within nSMase2 are needed for PS activation. Here, we use multiple approaches, including small angle X-ray scattering, hydrogen-deuterium exchange-MS, circular dichroism and thermal shift assays, and membrane yeast two-hybrid assays, to define the mechanism mediating this interdomain interactions within nSMase2. In contrast to what we previously assumed, we demonstrate that PS binding at the N-terminal and juxtamembrane regions of nSMase2 rather acts as a conformational switch leading to interdomain interactions that are critical to enzyme activation. Our work assigns a unique function for a class of linkers of lipid-activated, membrane-associated proteins. It indicates that the linker actively participates in the activation mechanism via intramolecular interactions, unlike the canonical linkers that typically aid protein dimerization or localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Shanbhogue
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology.,the Stony Brook University Cancer Center, Stony Brook, New York 11794, and
| | - Reece M Hoffmann
- the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8N 1A1, Canada
| | | | - Rohan Maini
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology
| | - David J Hamelin
- the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8N 1A1, Canada
| | - Miguel Garcia-Diaz
- Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - John E Burke
- the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8N 1A1, Canada
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, .,the Stony Brook University Cancer Center, Stony Brook, New York 11794, and.,Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794.,Medicine, and
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35
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Orlando UD, Castillo AF, Medrano MAR, Solano AR, Maloberti PM, Podesta EJ. Acyl-CoA synthetase-4 is implicated in drug resistance in breast cancer cell lines involving the regulation of energy-dependent transporter expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 159:52-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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36
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Meng Y, Sun J, Wang X, Hu T, Ma Y, Kong C, Piao H, Yu T, Zhang G. Exosomes: A Promising Avenue for the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 18:1533033818821421. [PMID: 30760122 PMCID: PMC6373987 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818821421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, despite the advances in individualized treatment, breast cancer still remains the deadliest form of cancer in women. Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapy-predictive methods are mainly based on the evaluation of tumor tissue samples and are aimed to improve the overall therapeutic level. Therefore, the exploration of a series of circulating biomarkers, which serve as the information source of tumors and could be obtained by peripheral blood samples, represents a high field of interest. Apart from classical biomarkers, exosomes, which are nanovesicles, are emerging as an accessible and efficient source of cell information. The purpose of this review is to summarize the peculiarities of the presently available breast cancer exosomal biomarkers; the review also provides the prediction of a multitude of potential target genes of exosomal microRNAs using 4 databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Meng
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Immunology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Blood Bank, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yushu Ma
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cuicui Kong
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Medical Image, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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37
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Namee NM, O'Driscoll L. Extracellular vesicles and anti-cancer drug resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:123-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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38
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Bieberich E. Sphingolipids and lipid rafts: Novel concepts and methods of analysis. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 216:114-131. [PMID: 30194926 PMCID: PMC6196108 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
About twenty years ago, the functional lipid raft model of the plasma membrane was published. It took into account decades of research showing that cellular membranes are not just homogenous mixtures of lipids and proteins. Lateral anisotropy leads to assembly of membrane domains with specific lipid and protein composition regulating vesicular traffic, cell polarity, and cell signaling pathways in a plethora of biological processes. However, what appeared to be a clearly defined entity of clustered raft lipids and proteins became increasingly fluid over the years, and many of the fundamental questions about biogenesis and structure of lipid rafts remained unanswered. Experimental obstacles in visualizing lipids and their interactions hampered progress in understanding just how big rafts are, where and when they are formed, and with which proteins raft lipids interact. In recent years, we have begun to answer some of these questions and sphingolipids may take center stage in re-defining the meaning and functional significance of lipid rafts. In addition to the archetypical cholesterol-sphingomyelin raft with liquid ordered (Lo) phase and the liquid-disordered (Ld) non-raft regions of cellular membranes, a third type of microdomains termed ceramide-rich platforms (CRPs) with gel-like structure has been identified. CRPs are "ceramide rafts" that may offer some fresh view on the membrane mesostructure and answer several critical questions for our understanding of lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhard Bieberich
- Department of Physiology at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
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Yang YN, Zhang R, Du JW, Yuan HH, Li YJ, Wei XL, Du XX, Jiang SL, Han Y. Predictive role of UCA1-containing exosomes in cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:164. [PMID: 30377411 PMCID: PMC6196422 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary or acquired resistance to cetuximab often occurs during targeted therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. In many cancers, the key role of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) in anticancer drug resistance has been confirmed. Emerging evidence has shown that specific exosomal lncRNAs may serve as meaningful biomarkers. In this study, we hypothesize that exosomal UCA1 might predict the response to cetuximab in CRC patients. Methods First, acquired cetuximab-resistant cell lines were generated, and UCA1 expressions in these cells and their exosomes were compared. We also systematically evaluate the stability of exosomal UCA1. Thereafter, the predictive value of exosomal UCA1 in CRC patients treated with cetuximab was evaluated. Finally, through cell apoptosis assays and immunofluorescence staining, we analyzed the role of UCA1-containing exosomes in conferring cetuximab resistance. Results UCA1 expression was markedly higher in cetuximab-resistant cancer cells and their exosomes. Exosomal UCA1 was shown to be detectable and stable in serum from CRC patients. In addition, circulating UCA1-containing exosomes could predict the clinical outcome of cetuximab therapy in CRC patients, and UCA1 expression was considerably higher in the progressive disease/stable disease patients than in the partial response/complete response patients. Furthermore, exosomes derived from cetuximab-resistant cells could alter UCA1 expression and transmit cetuximab resistance to sensitive cells. Conclusions We discovered a novel role of UCA1-containing exosomes, showed their capability to transmit drug resistance and investigated their potential clinical use in predicting cetuximab resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Nan Yang
- 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Rui Zhang
- 2Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Jing-Wen Du
- 3Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 # Haping Road, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
| | - Heng-Heng Yuan
- 3Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 # Haping Road, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
| | - Yan-Jing Li
- 3Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 # Haping Road, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
| | - Xiao-Li Wei
- 3Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 # Haping Road, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
| | - Xiao-Xue Du
- 3Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 # Haping Road, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
| | - Shu-Lin Jiang
- 4Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 # Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Yu Han
- 3Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 # Haping Road, Harbin, 150081 Heilongjiang China
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Kunnumakkara AB, Banik K, Bordoloi D, Harsha C, Sailo BL, Padmavathi G, Roy NK, Gupta SC, Aggarwal BB. Googling the Guggul (Commiphora and Boswellia) for Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:686. [PMID: 30127736 PMCID: PMC6087759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research during last 2 decades has revealed that most drugs discovered today, although costs billions of dollars for discovery, and yet they are highly ineffective in their clinical response. For instance, the European Medicines Agency has approved 68 anti-cancer drugs, and out of which 39 has reached the market level with no indication of increased survival nor betterment of quality of life. Even when drugs did improve survival rate compared to available treatment strategies, most of these were found to be clinically insignificant. This is a fundamental problem with modern drug discovery which is based on thinking that most chronic diseases are caused by alteration of a single gene and thus most therapies are single gene-targeted therapies. However, extensive research has revealed that most chronic diseases are caused by multiple gene products. Although most drugs designed by man are mono-targeted therapies, however, those designed by "mother nature" and have been used for thousands of years, are "multi-targeted" therapies. In this review, we examine two agents that have been around for thousands of years, namely "guggul" from Commiphora and Boswellia. Although we are all familiar with the search engine "google," this is another type of "guggul" that has been used for centuries and being explored for its various biological activities. The current review summarizes the traditional uses, chemistry, in vitro and in vivo biological activities, molecular targets, and clinical trials performed with these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bethsebie L. Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ganesan Padmavathi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Nand K. Roy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Subash C. Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Moloudizargari M, Asghari MH, Abdollahi M. Modifying exosome release in cancer therapy: How can it help? Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:246-256. [PMID: 29990623 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The reciprocal interactions of cancer cells with their microenvironment constitute an inevitable aspect of tumor development, progression and response to treatment in all cancers. Such bilateral transactions also serve as the key scenario underlying the development of drug resistance in many cases finally determining the fate of the disease and survival. In this view, a class of extracellular vesicles (EV) known as exosomes (EX) have been shown in the past few years to be important mediators of local and remote cell-to-cell contact changing the activity of their target cells by introducing their content of proteins, non-coding RNAs, and membrane-associated small molecules. In addition to the direct targeting of cancer cells, which has been routinely undertaken by different means to date, parallel attempts to change the signaling network governed by tumor-derived exosomes (TDE) may offer a promising potential to be utilized in cancer therapy. TDE drive diverse functions in the body, most of which have been shown to act to the advantage of tumor progression; however, there are also several studies that report the good aspects of TDE the interruption of which may result in undesirable outcomes. In the present paper, we made an effort to address this important issue by reviewing the very recent literature on different aspects of EX biogenesis and regulation and the various bodily effects of TDE which have been uncovered to date. Moreover, we have reviewed the possible interventions that can be made in TDE release as an important stage of EX biogenesis. Finally, keeping a criticizing view, the advantages and disadvantages of such interventions have been discussed and the future prospect in the field has been outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
Exosomes are secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry micro RNAs and other factors to reprogram cancer cells and tissues affected by cancer. Exosomes are exchanged between cancer cells and other tissues, often to prepare a premetastatic niche, escape immune surveillance, or spread multidrug resistance. Only a few studies investigated the function of lipids in exosomes although their lipid composition is different from that of the secreting cells. Ceramide is one of the lipids critical for exosome formation, and it is also enriched in these EVs. New research suggests that lipids in the exosomal membrane may organize and transmit "mobile rafts" that turn exosomes into extracellular signalosomes spreading activation of cell signaling pathways in oncogenesis and metastasis. Ceramide may modulate the function of mobile rafts and their effect on these cell signaling pathways. The critical role of lipids and, in particular, ceramide for formation, secretion, and function of exosomes may lead to a radically new understanding of cancer biology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elsherbini
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Erhard Bieberich
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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43
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Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance, inherent or acquired, represents a serious barrier to the successful treatment of cancer. Although drug efflux, conducted by plasma membrane-resident proteins, detoxification enzymes, cell death inhibition, and DNA damage repair are ensemble players in this unwanted biology, a full understanding of the many in concert molecular mechanisms driving drug resistance is lacking. Recent discoveries in sphingolipid (SL) metabolism have provided significant insight into the role of these lipids in cancer growth; however, considerably less is known with respect to SLs and the drug-resistant phenotype. One exception here is enhanced ceramide glycosylation, a hallmark of multidrug resistance that is believed responsible, in part, for diminishing ceramides tumor-suppressor potential. This chapter will review various aspects of SL biology that relate to chemotherapy resistance and extend this topic to acknowledge the role of chemotherapy selection pressure in promoting dysregulated SL metabolism, a characteristic in cancer and an exploitable target for therapy.
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44
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Abak A, Abhari A, Rahimzadeh S. Exosomes in cancer: small vesicular transporters for cancer progression and metastasis, biomarkers in cancer therapeutics. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4763. [PMID: 29868251 PMCID: PMC5983002 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is a polygenic procedure in which the exosomes can function as substantial roles. Exosomes are tiny, phospholipid bilayer membrane nanovesicles of endocytic derivation with a diameter of 40-100 nm. These nanovesicles can transport bioactive molecules containing mRNAs, proteins, DNA fragments, and non-coding RNAs from a donor cell to recipient cells, and cause the alteration in genetic and epigenetic factors and reprogramming of the target cells. Many diverse cell types such as mesenchymal cells, immune cells, and cancer cells can induce the release of exosomes. Increasing evidence illustrated that the exosomes derived from tumor cells might trigger the tumor initiation, tumor cell growth and progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. The secreted nanovesicles of exosomes can play significant roles in cells communicate via shuttling the nucleic acid molecules and proteins to target cells and tissues. In this review, we discussed multiple mechanisms related to biogenesis, load, and shuttle of the exosomes. Also, we illustrated the diverse roles of exosomes in several types of human cancer development, tumor immunology, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The exosomes may act as the promising biomarkers for the prognosis of various types of cancers which suggested a new pathway for anti-tumor therapeutic of these nanovesicles and promoted exosome-based cancer for clinical diagnostic and remedial procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Abhari
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevda Rahimzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
For many years, neutral sphingomyelinases (N-SMases) were long thought to be anticancer enzymes owing to their roles as key producers of ceramide linked to apoptosis, growth arrest, and the chemotherapeutic response. However, in recent years, with the cloning of multiple isoforms and with new information on their cellular roles, particularly for nSMase2, a more complex picture is emerging suggesting that N-SMases have both pro- and anticancer roles. In this chapter, we will summarize current knowledge on N-SMase expression in cancer and the roles of N-SMase activity and specific isoforms in cancer-relevant biologies. We will also discuss what we see as the major challenges ahead for research into N-SMases in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Clarke
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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46
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Cheng Q, Li X, Wang Y, Dong M, Zhan FH, Liu J. The ceramide pathway is involved in the survival, apoptosis and exosome functions of human multiple myeloma cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:561-568. [PMID: 28858294 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells and refractoriness to traditional therapies. It has been shown that exosomes are involved in modulating the progression and the metastasis of cancers through microRNAs (miRs). Ceramide is a type of sphingolipid; the ceramide pathway of exosomal secretion has been shown to affect the apoptosis of cancer cells. But the role of this pathway in MM cell function, exosome function and miR regulation remains unknown. In this study, we showed that C6 ceramide (an exogenous ceramide supplement, 1.25-40 μmol/L) dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis in human MM OPM2 cell line, which were associated with elevated caspase 3/9 and PARP cleavage. We also found that C6 ceramide (5-20 μmol/L) dose-dependently stimulated exosome secretion and increased exosomal levels of tumor-suppressive miRs (miR 202, miR 16, miR 29b and miR 15a). Of note, exosomes from C6 ceramide-treated OPM2 cells could influence the proliferation and apoptosis of the recipient OPM2 cells, which correlated with increased tumor-suppressive exosomal miRs. In contrast, GW4869 (a ceramide inhibitor, 5-20 μmol/L) exerted the opposite effects on the regulation of MM function, exosome secretion and miR levels in MM exosomes. However, exosomes from GW4869-treated OPM2 cells had no effect on these miRs and the survival of targeted OPM2 cells. Taken together, our findings reveal that the ceramide pathway modulates MM survival, probably directly via the caspase pathway and indirectly via exosomal miR mechanisms.
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Zhong L, Kong JN, Dinkins MB, Leanhart S, Zhu Z, Spassieva SD, Qin H, Lin HP, Elsherbini A, Wang R, Jiang X, Nikolova-Karakashian M, Wang G, Bieberich E. Increased liver tumor formation in neutral sphingomyelinase-2-deficient mice. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:795-804. [PMID: 29567647 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m080879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are key signaling lipids in cancer. Genome-wide studies have identified neutral SMase-2 (nSMase2), an enzyme generating ceramide from SM, as a potential repressor for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, little is known about the sphingolipids regulated by nSMase2 and their roles in liver tumor development. We discovered growth of spontaneous liver tumors in 27.3% (9 of 33) of aged male nSMase2-deficient (fro/fro) mice. Lipidomics analysis showed a marked increase of SM in the tumor. Unexpectedly, tumor tissues presented with more than a 7-fold increase of C16-ceramide, concurrent with upregulation of ceramide synthase 5. The fro/fro liver tumor, but not adjacent tissue, exhibited substantial accumulation of lipid droplets, suggesting that nSMase2 deficiency is associated with tumor growth and increased neutral lipid generation in the tumor. Tumor tissue expressed significantly increased levels of CD133 and EpCAM mRNA, two markers of liver cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and higher levels of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, an essential regulator of stemness. CD133(+) cells showed strong labeling for SM and ceramide. In conclusion, these results suggest that SMase-2 deficiency plays a role in the survival or proliferation of CSCs, leading to spontaneous tumors, which is associated with tumor-specific effects on lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Zhong
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY.,Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Na Kong
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Michael B Dinkins
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Silvia Leanhart
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | - Stefka D Spassieva
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | - Haiyan Qin
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | - Hsuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | - Ahmed Elsherbini
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY.,Rehabilitation Center, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Guanghu Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY
| | - Erhard Bieberich
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY .,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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Hurwitz SN, Rider MA, Bundy JL, Liu X, Singh RK, Meckes DG. Proteomic profiling of NCI-60 extracellular vesicles uncovers common protein cargo and cancer type-specific biomarkers. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86999-87015. [PMID: 27894104 PMCID: PMC5341331 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Packed with biological information, extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer exciting promise for biomarker discovery and applications in therapeutics and non-invasive diagnostics. Currently, our understanding of EV contents is confined by the limited cells from which vesicles have been characterized utilizing the same enrichment method. Using sixty cell lines from the National Cancer Institute (NCI-60), here we provide the largest proteomic profile of EVs in a single study, identifying 6,071 proteins with 213 common to all isolates. Proteins included established EV markers, and vesicular trafficking proteins such as Rab GTPases and tetraspanins. Differentially-expressed proteins offer potential for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Network analysis of vesicle quantity and proteomes identified EV components associated with vesicle secretion, including CD81, CD63, syntenin-1, VAMP3, Rab GTPases, and integrins. Integration of vesicle proteomes with whole-cell molecular profiles revealed similarities, suggesting EVs provide a reliable reflection of their progenitor cell content, and are therefore excellent indicators of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie N Hurwitz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Mark A Rider
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Joseph L Bundy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - David G Meckes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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Maia J, Caja S, Strano Moraes MC, Couto N, Costa-Silva B. Exosome-Based Cell-Cell Communication in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018. [PMID: 29515996 PMCID: PMC5826063 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are not isolated entities, but complex systemic networks involving cell-cell communication between transformed and non-transformed cells. The milieu created by tumor-associated cells may either support or halt tumor progression. In addition to cell-cell contact, cells communicate through secreted factors via a highly complex system involving characteristics such as ligand concentration, receptor expression and integration of diverse signaling pathways. Of these, extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, are emerging as novel cell-cell communication mediators in physiological and pathological scenarios. Exosomes, membrane vesicles of endocytic origin released by all cells (both healthy and diseased), ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm, transport all the main biomolecules, including lipids, proteins, DNAs, messenger RNAs and microRNA, and perform intercellular transfer of components, locally and systemically. By acting not only in tumor cells, but also in tumor-associated cells such as fibroblasts, endothelium, leukocytes and progenitor cells, tumor- and non-tumor cells-derived exosomes have emerged as new players in tumor growth and invasion, tumor-associated angiogenesis, tissue inflammation and immunologic remodeling. In addition, due to their property of carrying molecules from their cell of origin to the peripheral circulation, exosomes have been increasingly studied as sources of tumor biomarkers in liquid biopsies. Here we review the current literature on the participation of exosomes in the communication between tumor and tumor-associated cells, highlighting the role of this process in the setup of tumor microenvironments that modulate tumor initiation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Maia
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sergio Caja
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Nuno Couto
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
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50
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Samuel P, Fabbri M, Carter DRF. Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancer: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles. Proteomics 2017; 17. [PMID: 28941129 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a major barrier to the successful treatment of cancer. The mechanisms by which therapeutic resistance arises are multifactorial. Recent evidence has shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in mediating drug resistance. EVs are small vesicles carrying a variety of macromolecular cargo released by cells into the extracellular space and can be taken up into recipient cells, resulting in transfer of cellular material. EVs can mediate drug resistance by several mechanisms. They can serve as a pathway for sequestration of cytotoxic drugs, reducing the effective concentration at target sites. They can act as decoys carrying membrane proteins and capturing monoclonal antibodies intended to target receptors at the cell surface. EVs from resistant tumor cells can deliver mRNA, miRNA, long noncoding RNA, and protein inducing resistance in sensitive cells. This provides a new model for how resistance that arises can then spread through a heterogeneous tumor. EVs also mediate cross-talk between cancer cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, leading to tumor progression and acquisition of therapeutic resistance. In this review, we will describe what is known about how EVs can induce drug resistance, and discuss the ways in which EVs could be used as therapeutic targets or diagnostic markers for managing cancer treatment. While further characterization of the vesiculome and the mechanisms of EV function are still required, EVs offer an exciting opportunity in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Samuel
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Molecular Immunology University of Southern California-Keck School of Medicine Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Raul Francisco Carter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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