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Li Y, Zhu X, Li L, Bao C, Liu Q, Zhang N, He Z, Ji Y, Bao J. Construction and applications of the EOMA spheroid model of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. J Biol Eng 2024; 18:21. [PMID: 38486263 PMCID: PMC10941415 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-024-00417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare intermediate vascular tumor with unclear pathogenesis. Recently, three dimensional (3D) cell spheroids and organoids have played an indispensable role in the study of many diseases, such as infantile hemangioma and non-involuting congenital hemangiomas. However, few research on KHE are based on the 3D model. This study aims to evaluate the 3D superiority, the similarity with KHE and the ability of drug evaluation of EOMA spheroids as an in vitro 3D KHE model. RESULTS After two days, relatively uniform morphology and high viability of EOMA spheroids were generated by the rotating cell culture system (RCCS). Through transcriptome analysis, compared with 2D EOMA cells, focal adhesion-related genes such as Itgb4, Flt1, VEGFC, TNXB, LAMA3, VWF, and VEGFD were upregulated in EOMA spheroids. Meanwhile, the EOMA spheroids injected into the subcutaneous showed more obvious KMP than 2D EOMA cells. Furthermore, EOMA spheroids possessed the similar characteristics to the KHE tissues and subcutaneous tumors, such as diagnostic markers (CD31 and LYVE-1), cell proliferation (Ki67), hypoxia (HIF-1α) and cell adhesion (E-cadherin and N-cadherin). Based on the EOMA spheroid model, we discovered that sirolimus, the first-line drug for treating KHE, could inhibit EOMA cell proliferation and downregulate the VEGFC expression. Through the extra addition of VEGFC, the effect of sirolimus on EOMA spheroid could be weakened. CONCLUSION With a high degree of similarity of the KHE, 3D EOMA spheroids generated by the RCCS can be used as a in vitro model for basic researches of KHE, generating subcutaneous tumors and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Division of Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinglong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chunjuan Bao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Division of Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ziyan He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Division of Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Ji
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Division of Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ji Bao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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Bello A, Alikhan MB, Subramaniam A, Yusuf ZI, Brockstein B, Ravi V. Adult-onset multifocal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma in the bone marrow, lung, liver, and brain: a case report. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1322684. [PMID: 38454925 PMCID: PMC10917883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1322684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE), a rare form of vascular neoplasm, is typically seen in children. In this paper, we report a unique case of KHE replacing bone marrow tissue mimicking myeloproliferative neoplasm with additional involvement in the lung, liver, and brain in a 60-year-old Caucasian woman. The patient was initially seen in the hematology department for the chief complaint of epigastric pain and anemia. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed mild splenomegaly with iron deposition secondary to extramedullary hematopoiesis. Additional workup was inconclusive. Subsequent bone marrow and lung biopsies eventually revealed bone marrow with extensive grade 3 fibrosis and multiple foci of low-grade vasoformative neoplasm in the lung suggestive of KHE. Although rare, KHE can present as an aggressive disease with indolent behavior in adults and can be distinguished from other vascular malignancies based on histopathology and imaging findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Bello
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mir B. Alikhan
- Department of Pathology, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Aparna Subramaniam
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zenab I. Yusuf
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bruce Brockstein
- Division of Hematology / Oncology, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Vinod Ravi
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Yin CG, Qi WW, Wang S, Pan D, Chen XL, Li SY. Efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with sirolimus for treating Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon in infants, a retrospective study. Ann Med 2023; 55:2196090. [PMID: 37038342 PMCID: PMC10101661 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2196090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aimed to observe the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sirolimus in the treatment of haemangioma combined with the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP). METHODS A total of 11 infants with KMP who were treated at our hospital from January 2016 to September 2021 were selected and treated with arteriosclerosis embolotherapy using a microsphere emulsion formed by bleomycin + ultra-fluid lipiodol + dexamethasone + contrast agent or bleomycin mixed microspheres as the embolising agent. The patients were administered sirolimus orally after TACE. The clinical efficacy and examination indicators before and after treatment were observed and compared. RESULTS The 11 infants underwent TACE treatment by arteriosclerosis embolotherapy a total of 21 times; of these cases, 10 were cured, and 1 showed a moderate response. There were no cases of non-response or death. The platelet count rose from 10.0 (7.0, 18.0) x 109/L before TACE to 236.0 (188.0, 275.0) x 109/L six months after the first TACE, and the tumour size decreased from 49.0 (43.0, 111.7) cm3 before TACE to 7.0 (3.5, 17.0) cm3 six months after the first TACE. The differences were statistically significant (the Z values were -2.943 and -2.934, respectively, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The combination of TACE and sirolimus has significant efficacy on critical children with KMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Gao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Wei Qi
- Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Li Chen
- Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Shi-Yu Li
- Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
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Zhao Y, Cheng J. Medical and interventional therapy of Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon associated with Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: A case report. J Interv Med 2023; 6:130-133. [PMID: 37846341 PMCID: PMC10577064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jimed.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An infant with Kasabach-Merritt Phenomenon (KMP) presented with a giant subcutaneous mass in the right lower limb, severe hypofibrinogenemia, and thrombocytopenia. Glucocorticoids, along with supportive treatments including transfusion of blood products and clotting factors, were administered to reverse fatal disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute hemolysis. The glucocorticoid dose was tapered slowly, and sirolimus was added to treat the hemangiomas. The patient subsequently underwent interventional therapy. After 6 months of medical and interventional therapy, the patient was doing well with a normal platelet count, the tumor volume was markedly reduced, and the primary cutaneous lesion became pale pink. Currently, the patient remains on sirolimus, and no recurrence of thrombocytopenia or further growth of the mass was observed after six months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Cardiovascular Center, Tianjin Chlidren's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Cheng
- Tianjin Chlidren's Hospital, 225 Machang Road, Tianjin, China
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Zhou J, Li Y, Qiu T, Gong X, Yang K, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Lan Y, Hu F, Peng Q, Zhang Y, Kong F, Chen S, Ji Y. Long-term outcomes of sirolimus treatment for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: Continuing successes and ongoing challenges. Int J Cancer 2023. [PMID: 36916140 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with sirolimus, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, has improved the prognosis of patients with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE). However, the efficacy, durability and tolerability of long-term sirolimus treatment in patients with KHE have not been well elucidated. We performed efficacy and safety assessments based on more than 4.5 years of follow-up in patients receiving sirolimus therapy for KHE. One hundred sixty-seven patients were analyzed, including 102 (61.1%) patients with the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP). Follow-up was conducted after a median of 56.0 months. A total of 154 (92.2%) patients had a durable response to sirolimus treatment. No difference in durable response was found between patients without KMP and patients with KMP (95.4% vs 90.2%; difference, 5.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.0% to 13.1%). Rebound growth occurred in 17.3% of patients upon sirolimus discontinuation. Early treatment discontinuation (odds ratio [OR]: 3.103; 95% CI: 1.529-6.299; P = .002) and mixed lesion type (OR: 2.271; 95% CI: 0.901-5.727; P = .047) were associated with tumor rebound growth. No KHE-related deaths occurred in this cohort. At the last follow-up, approximately 17.4% of patients had active disease and/or changes in body structures to a variable extent. Serious adverse events occurred most commonly during the first year of sirolimus therapy. Follow-up of almost 4.5 years demonstrated that the efficacy of sirolimus persisted over time and that long-term treatment with sirolimus was not associated with unacceptable cumulative toxicities. However, nonresponse, tumor relapse and long-term sequelae remained challenges despite intensified and prolonged sirolimus therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyuan Zhou
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Qiu
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiying Yang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuru Lan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongbo Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Feiteng Kong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sichuan Women and Children's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Ji
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery and Med-X Center for Informatics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huo J, Chen S, Li J, Liu C. Retroperitoneal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with kasabach-merritt phenomenon in children: A case report and review of the literature. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1138689. [PMID: 37009272 PMCID: PMC10064051 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1138689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment methods and prognosis of retroperitoneal Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (R-KHE) in children. Methods The clinical data of an infant with R-KHE was retrospectively analyzed. Literature on R-KHE in pediatrics were retrieved in databases including Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed as of April 2022. Results A 1 month and 6 days female infant with R-KHE was reported. After the diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and pathological examination, the patient was treated by interventional embolization, and a combined therapy with glucocorticoid, vincristine, sirolimus and propranolol. The patient has been followed up for 1 year and 2 months, and is still alive with tumor. Through literature search, a total of 15 children, together with the case in our report, were included. The main manifestations were diversity among those patients. 14 cases have combined Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP). 6 cases accepted surgery plus drug therapy. 4 cases accepted only surgery, and 4 cases only accepted drug therapy. While drug therapy plus radiotherapy were employed to 1 case. Improvement was observed in 11 cases, with significantly reduced tumor and survival with tumor. Tumor disappeared completely in 2 cases. While 2 cases suffered death. Conclusion R-KHE has diverse clinical presentations and non-specificity in symptoms and imaging examinations, and most cases accompanied with KMP. Methods for R-KHE treatment include surgical resection, interventional embolization and drug therapy. Close attention needs to be paid to the adverse reactions of the drug during the course of treatment.
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Kapp FG, Schneider C, Holm A, Glonnegger H, Niemeyer CM, Rößler J, Zieger B. Comprehensive Analyses of Coagulation Parameters in Patients with Vascular Anomalies. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121840. [PMID: 36551267 PMCID: PMC9775116 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular anomalies comprise a diverse group of rare diseases with altered blood flow and are often associated with coagulation disorders. The most common example is a localized intravascular coagulopathy in venous malformations leading to elevated D-dimers. In severe cases, this may progress to a disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with subsequent consumption of fibrinogen and thrombocytes predisposing to serious bleeding. A separate coagulopathy is the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon in kaposiform hemangioendothelioma characterized by platelet trapping leading to thrombocytopenia and eventually consumptive coagulopathy. Our previous work showed impaired von Willebrand factor and platelet aggregometry due to abnormal blood flow, i.e., in ventricular assist devices or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. With altered blood flow also present in vascular anomalies, we hypothesized that, in particular, the von Willebrand factor parameters and the platelet function may be similarly impacted. METHODS We prospectively recruited 73 patients with different vascular anomaly entities and analyzed their coagulation parameters. RESULTS Acquired von Willebrand syndrome was observed in both of our patients with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon. In six out of nine patients with complex lymphatic anomalies, both the vWF antigen and activity were upregulated. Platelet aggregometry was impaired in both patients with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon and in seven out of eight patients with an arteriovenous malformation. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of coagulation parameters in our patients with vascular anomalies advanced our understanding of the underlying pathophysiologies of the observed coagulopathies. This may lead to new treatment options for the, in part, life-threatening bleeding risks in these patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich G. Kapp
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- VASCERN VASCA European Reference Centre, 75108 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Cedric Schneider
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- VASCERN VASCA European Reference Centre, 75108 Paris, France
| | - Annegret Holm
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- VASCERN VASCA European Reference Centre, 75108 Paris, France
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hannah Glonnegger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- VASCERN VASCA European Reference Centre, 75108 Paris, France
| | - Charlotte M. Niemeyer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- VASCERN VASCA European Reference Centre, 75108 Paris, France
| | - Jochen Rößler
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- VASCERN VASCA European Reference Centre, 75108 Paris, France
- Division of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Zieger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- VASCERN VASCA European Reference Centre, 75108 Paris, France
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Villarreal EG, Gonzalez-Moctezuma K, Rodríguez-Mendoza DI, Jiménez-Antolínez YV, Ramos-Gómez LI, Ortega Alonzo SE. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon successfully treated with sirolimus: A case report and literature review on pharmacological treatment. PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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9
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Sidipratomo P, Pandelaki J, Ramandika H, Dewi DK, Christanto AG, Widowati CP. Digital subtraction angiography and trans arterial embolization in preventing massive hemorrhage of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: A case report. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:4392-4398. [PMID: 36188091 PMCID: PMC9520427 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Zhang L, Liu L, Luo H, Xu W, Chen H, Yan M, Wang Y. Combination therapy for pediatric patients with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon: A single-center retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30296. [PMID: 36042656 PMCID: PMC9410585 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to in the management of Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), a severe thrombocytopenic coagulopathy that occurs in the presence of an enlarging vascular tumor. Here, we retrospectively evaluated 12 patients with KMP in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, from 2017 to 2021. 12 patients, including 7 females and 5 males, were identified. Tumors were located in the leg (n = 4), neck (n = 1), face (n = 3), chest wall (n = 1), back (n = 2), and retroperitoneum (n = 1). A plaque-like lesion with ecchymosis was the most common cutaneous manifestation. All the patients underwent embolization therapy. Nine patients received steroid treatment and 7 patients were administered with sirolimus. The mean duration of treatment was 1.6 months. All the patients reported in this study were alive when discharged. Embolization combined with steroid and sirolimus appears effective in patients with KMP, as well as in those who experienced disease recurrence. However, a long-term follow-up of the children cured of KMP will be necessary to monitor its recurrence and improve the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Anomalies, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanmin Luo
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbiao Xu
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huishan Chen
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muxia Yan
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yiqian Wang, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China (e-mail: )
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Sirolimus plus prednisolone vs sirolimus monotherapy for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: a randomized clinical trial. Blood 2022; 139:1619-1630. [PMID: 35030255 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) in kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is characterized by life-threatening thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy. This study compared the efficacy and safety of sirolimus plus prednisolone versus sirolimus monotherapy as treatment strategies for KHE with KMP in the largest cohort to date. Participants were randomized to receive either sirolimus in combination with a short course of prednisolone or sirolimus monotherapy for at least 12 months. The primary outcome was defined as achievement of a durable platelet response (platelet count >100×109/L) at week 4. Participants completed efficacy assessments 2 years after the initial treatment. At week 4, a durable platelet response was achieved by 35 of 37 patients given sirolimus and prednisolone compared with 24 of 36 patients given sirolimus monotherapy (difference 27.9%; 95% CI, 10.0% to 44.7%). Compared with the sirolimus monotherapy group, the combination treatment group showed improvements in terms of measures of durable platelet responses at all points during the initial 3-week treatment period, median platelet counts during weeks 1 to 4, increased numbers of patients achieving fibrinogen stabilization at week 4, and objective lesion responses at month 12. Patients receiving combination therapy had fewer blood transfusions and a lower total incidence of disease sequelae than patients receiving sirolimus alone. The frequencies of total adverse events and grade 3-4 adverse events during treatment were similar in both groups. The responses seen in patients with KHE with KMP were profound and encouraging, suggesting that sirolimus plus prednisolone should be considered a valid treatment for KHE with KMP. ClinicalTrial.gov, number NCT03188068.
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Wang L, Li J, Wu C, Song D, Liu Z, Niu Y, Zhou J, Guo L. Case report: Experience of a rare case of rebound of the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon during sirolimus treatment in kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:949950. [PMID: 35990005 PMCID: PMC9391052 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.949950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm associated with the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), which is a consumptive coagulopathy with associated potentially life-threatening thrombocytopenia. There are no standardized treatment protocols for the management of KHE with KMP. Moreover, there are limited reports regarding the treatment of cases of rebound. Herein, we describe a rare case of rebound of KHE/KMP, during systemic sirolimus treatment, successfully treated with embolization and vincristine infusion combined with microwave ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Changhua Wu
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanli Niu
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Vascular Anomalies and Interventional Radiology, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Disease, Jinan, China
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13
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Wang H, Guo Z. Commentary: Transarterial Embolization in Neonatal Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:846207. [PMID: 35795336 PMCID: PMC9251004 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.846207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huaijie Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengtuan Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
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14
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Kuo C, Warren M, Malvar J, Miller JM, Shah R, Navid F, Luu M, Anselmo DM, Mascarenhas L. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma of the bone in children and adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29392. [PMID: 34606171 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare, locally aggressive vascular tumor that mainly occurs during infancy or early childhood. Approximately 70% of cases are complicated by Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon. Although osseous extension of the primary lesion is relatively common, primary bone involvement by KHE is rare. Given the paucity of literature on primary KHE of the bone, we report a case series of primary KHE of the bone treated at our institution and describe the clinical presentation, radiologic and pathologic findings, management and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kuo
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mikako Warren
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jemily Malvar
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joseph M Miller
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rachana Shah
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fariba Navid
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Minnelly Luu
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dean M Anselmo
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Leo Mascarenhas
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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15
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Demartini Z, Afornali S, Teixeira BCDA, Maeda AK, Carboni EK, Cardoso-Demartini AA. Spinal Kaposiform Hemangioendotheliomas: Is There a Role for Endovascular Treatment? Pediatr Neurosurg 2022; 57:385-388. [PMID: 35696991 DOI: 10.1159/000525455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeferino Demartini
- Complexo Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.,Complexo Hospital Pequeno Principe, Curitiba, Brazil.,Hospital Universitário Cajuru, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sandrieli Afornali
- Hospital Universitário Cajuru, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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16
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Sun X, Xu M, Lv K, Ma X, Wu L, Ouyang T. Comprehensive Therapy for Infant Vascular Tumor Associated With Kasabach-Merritt Phenomenon-Single-Center Primary Experience. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:924422. [PMID: 35813386 PMCID: PMC9257023 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.924422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To introduce our single-center experience of infant vascular tumor associated with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) which received combined medicine treatment with intralesional laser photocoagulation (ILP) and sclerotherapy. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted using medical records of all children with a diagnosis of kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) or tufted angioma (TA) associated with KMP treated with medicine, intralesional laser photocoagulation (ILP), and sclerotherapy between February 2017 and November 2020. Clinical features, response to comprehensive therapy, and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS A total of 23 patients including nine females (39%) and 14 males (61%) were identified. The mean age was 6.9 months (age range, 11 days-2 years) at the time of treatment. Nine children (39%) demonstrated sensitivity to single corticosteroid therapy; 14 children (61%) received combined therapy with intravenous Vincristine (VCR) and corticosteroid therapy. All children had at least two ILP and sclerotherapy performed, with a mean of 3.5 procedures (range: 2-6). Of these 14 children, only one experienced a relapse of thrombocytopenia and the remaining 13 children had no clinical symptoms recurred. CONCLUSION The combined therapy modalities could induce a more rapid tumor response and resolution of KMP and decrease the rebound rates. This research presents a novel and safe multi-modality treatment for infant vascular tumors associated with KMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyang Lv
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorong Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuhui District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiang Ouyang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Karastaneva A, Gasparella P, Tschauner S, Crazzolara R, Kropshofer G, Modl M, Pfleger A, Burmas A, Pocivalnik M, Ulreich R, Zenz W, Schwinger W, Beqo BP, Urban C, Haxhija EQ, Lackner H, Benesch M. Indications and Limitations of Sirolimus in the Treatment of Vascular Anomalies-Insights From a Retrospective Case Series. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:857436. [PMID: 35676905 PMCID: PMC9168223 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.857436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent developments, the role of sirolimus in the heterogeneous spectrum of vascular anomalies is yet to be defined, in terms of indication, dosage, and therapy duration, recognizing both its potential and limitations. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 16 children with vascular anomalies treated with sirolimus in two pediatric centers between 2014 and 2020 [male: n = 7, the median age at diagnosis: 4.6 months (range, 0-281.4)]. In addition, repetitive volumetric analyses of the vascular anomalies were performed when possible (11 cases). RESULTS Ten patients were diagnosed with vascular malformations and 6 with vascular tumors. The mean therapy duration was 27.2 months (range, 3.5-65). The mean sirolimus level was 8.52 ng/ml (range, 5.38-12.88). All patients except one with central conducting lymphatic anomaly responded to sirolimus, with the most noticeable volume reduction in the first 4-6 months. Additional administration of vincristine was needed in five patients with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and yielded a response, even in cases, refractory to sirolimus monotherapy. As a single agent, sirolimus led to impressive improvement in a patient with another vascular tumor-advanced epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Complicated vascular malformations required long-term sirolimus therapy. Side effects of sirolimus included mucositis and laboratory abnormalities. No major infectious episodes were recorded. An infant with COVID-19, diagnosed while on sirolimus therapy, presented with a mild course. CONCLUSION In the current series, we reported limitations of sirolimus as monotherapy, addressing the need to redefine its indications, and explore combination regimens and multimodal treatment strategies. Tools for objective evaluation of response trends over time could serve as a basis for the establishment of future therapeutic algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karastaneva
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Paolo Gasparella
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Roman Crazzolara
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Kropshofer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Modl
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Pfleger
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ante Burmas
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mirjam Pocivalnik
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Raphael Ulreich
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Werner Zenz
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Schwinger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Besiana P Beqo
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Global Clinical Scholars Research Training, Department of Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christian Urban
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Emir Q Haxhija
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herwig Lackner
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Benesch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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18
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McCollum KJ, Al-Rohil RN. Cutaneous Vascular Neoplasms of Uncertain Biological Behavior. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111160. [PMID: 34827153 PMCID: PMC8614966 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Neoplasms of uncertain biological behavior present physicians with a genuine conundrum in practice. Cutaneous vascular neoplasms within this category are exceedingly rare, possessing significant gaps and uncertainty in many facets of clinical practice. Firstly, lesions were selected for review based on their categorization as indeterminate behavior, indicating the potential for local recurrence and rarely metastasize. After identification of the target lesions, a comprehensive review of the literature using national databases produced several landmark studies and case series regarding these neoplasms. Limiting the review to only cutaneous limited tumors narrowed the pool of studies; however, quite a large sum of papers remained. Examination of each paper yielded beneficial results on diagnosing, effective treatments, follow-up findings, and prognosis for each indeterminate lesion discussed. Overall, the literature search combined the molecular, histologic, immunohistochemical, surgical strategies to develop an up-to-date and comprehensive framework to guide physicians when encountering such lesions. The tumors reviewed include: kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, endovascular papillary angioendothelioma, pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma, retiform hemangioendothelioma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, and composite hemangioendothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey J. McCollum
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-0001, USA;
| | - Rami N. Al-Rohil
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-0001, USA;
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-1000, USA
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19
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王 英, 戴 立, 王 丽, 张 健, 汪 松, 左 伟. [Clinical features of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome: an analysis of 16 neonates]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2021; 23:696-701. [PMID: 34266526 PMCID: PMC8292658 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2103146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of neonates with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS), and to provide a reference for optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical and follow-up data of 16 neonates with KMS who were admitted to the Anhui Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, from January 2016 to December 2020. RESULTS Of the 16 neonates, there were 13 boys (81%) and 3 girls (19%), with an age of 1 hour to 10 days on admission. Among these neonates, 13 (81%) had cutaneous hemangioma (2 in the head and face, 5 in the trunk, and 6 in the extremities) and 3 (19%) had liver hemangioma. The main clinical manifestations of bleeding tendency and scattered petechiae and ecchymosis were observed in 10 neonates (62%). All the 16 neonates had varying degrees of thrombocytopenia and coagulation disorders. They all received glucocorticoid treatment after admission and 7 (44%) of them had response, among whom 4 experienced recurrence. Among the neonates with no response to glucocorticoid treatment, 3 received sirolimus treatment, among whom 1 had the tumor volume reduced by 58.8% after 4 weeks of treatment, with platelet count and coagulation function returning to normal, while 2 had no significant reduction in tumor volume or significant increase in platelet count and achieved a tumor volume reduced by (43.7±0.4)% after 4 weeks of combined treatment with bleomycin arterial embolization, with platelet count and coagulation function returning to normal. After 4 weeks of bleomycin arterial embolization alone for 4 neonates, tumor volume was reduced by (52.0±3.4)%, and platelet count and coagulation function returned to normal. Blunt and sharp dissection was performed for 2 neonates. The tumor was removed completely during surgery in the 2 neonates, with no infection or recurrence after surgery, and platelet count and coagulation function returned to normal. The postoperative pathological examination showed Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma in 1 out of the 2 neonates. CONCLUSIONS KMS has characteristic clinical manifestations, histopathological features, and laboratory examination results. The KMS neonates who are not sensitive to glucocorticoids can achieve a good curative effect through arterial embolization and sirolimus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- 英豪 王
- 安徽医科大学附属省儿童医院新生儿科, 合肥安徽 230000Department of Neonatology, Anhui Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 立英 戴
- 安徽医科大学附属省儿童医院新生儿科, 合肥安徽 230000Department of Neonatology, Anhui Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 丽丽 王
- 安徽医科大学附属省儿童医院新生儿科, 合肥安徽 230000Department of Neonatology, Anhui Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 健 张
- 安徽医科大学附属省儿童医院新生儿科, 合肥安徽 230000Department of Neonatology, Anhui Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - 松 汪
- 安徽医科大学附属省儿童医院影像中心, 合肥安徽 230000
| | - 伟 左
- 安徽医科大学附属省儿童医院新生儿外科, 合肥安徽 230000
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20
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Qiu T, Yang K, Dai S, Chen S, Ji Y. Case Report: Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma With Spinal Involvement. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:600115. [PMID: 33912518 PMCID: PMC8071878 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.600115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare, locally invasive vascular tumor that mostly appears in infants and adolescents. KHE with spinal involvement is extremely rare. The aim of this study was to review the imaging features, clinical manifestations and treatment of KHE patients with spinal involvement. Materials and Methods: We reviewed patients with KHE who were admitted to Pediatric Surgery of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2014 to August 2020, and the cases were evaluated. Results: Seven patients with spinal involvement were enrolled in the study, including four (57.1%) males and three (42.9%) females. The age at onset ranged from 1.0 day to 4.0 years, with an average of 1.6 years. Five (71.4%) had pain due to bone destruction, three patients (42.9%) had decreased range of motion (ROM), four (57.1%) patients had scoliosis, two (28.6%) patients developed claudication, and three patients (42.9%) presented with a soft tissue mass in the neck of the back. Five patients (71.4%) had the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), with a minimum platelet value of 8 × 109/L. All patients were treated with sirolimus, and showed regression of the lesion and/or normalization of the hematologic parameters. Conclusion: KHE with spinal involvement is difficult to diagnose due to its rarity and variable symptoms, which need to be recognized to start early treatment. The management of KHE with spinal involvement should be performed by a multidisciplinary team. Sirolimus can improve outcomes in patients with KHE with spinal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Qiu
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiying Yang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyi Dai
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Ji
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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21
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Wang Y, Wang S, Wang L, Bi S, Zhang J, Zha P, Dai L. Transarterial Embolization in Neonatal Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:788120. [PMID: 34926356 PMCID: PMC8671612 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.788120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS) is characterized by large hemangiomas and persistent thrombocytopenia, which may result in visceral hemorrhage and disseminated intravascular coagulation. This study aimed to evaluate the value of transarterial embolization (TAE) in neonatal KMS patients. Patients and Methods: The clinical course of 11 neonates with KMS who underwent TAE in the Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincal Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, China, were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Eleven neonates with KMS (nine male and two female) were admitted to our hospital between the age of 1 h and 6 days. All were born with progressively enlarged hemangiomas and persistent thrombocytopenia. The largest lesion had its maximum size reached at 15 × 8 × 8 cm. Eight patients had cutaneous hemangiomas (1 right face, one oropharynx, one left upper arm, two back, one left lumbar, one right lower leg, and one right thigh), and three patients had liver hemangiomas. All 11 patients underwent TAE. Nine patients underwent two TAEs, and two patients underwent only one embolization procedure. They all obtained >80% devascularization of their lesions without a major complication. The platelet count increased at 2-5 days after treatment and reached normal count and coagulation profile at 18-28 days after the TAE. Conclusions: TAE is a safe and effective alternative therapy for neonatal KMS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shaohua Bi
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Zha
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liying Dai
- Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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