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Halldórsson S, Hillringhaus L, Hojer C, Muranyi A, Schraeml M, Lange MSD, Tabarés G. Development of a first-in-class antibody and a specific assay for α-1,6-fucosylated prostate-specific antigen. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16512. [PMID: 39020051 PMCID: PMC11254934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are widely used to screen for prostate cancer, yet the test has poor sensitivity, specificity and predictive value, which leads to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Alterations in the glycosylation status of PSA, including fucosylation, may offer scope for an improved biomarker. We sought to generate a monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting α-1,6-fucosylated PSA (fuc-PSA) and to develop a tissue-based immunological assay for fuc-PSA detection. Immunogens representing fuc-PSA were used for immunisation and resultant mAbs were extensively characterised. The mAbs reacted specifically with fuc-PSA-specific glycopeptide, but not with aglycosylated PSA or glycan without the PSA peptide. Reactivity was confirmed using high-throughput surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. X-ray crystallography investigations showed that the mAbs bound to an α-helical form of the peptide, whereas the native PSA epitope is linear. Protein unfolding was required for detection of fuc-PSA in patient samples. Peptide inhibition of fuc-PSA mAbs was observed with positive screening reagents, and target epitope specificity was observed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. This research introduces a well-characterised, first-in-class antibody targeting fuc-PSA and presents the first crystal structure of an antibody demonstrating glycosylation-specific binding to a peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steinar Halldórsson
- Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Kekki H, Montoya Perez I, Taimen P, Boström PJ, Gidwani K, Pettersson K. Lectin-nanoparticle concept for free PSA glycovariant providing superior cancer specificity. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 559:119689. [PMID: 38677453 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using lectins to target cancer-associated modifications of PSA glycostructure for identification of clinically significant prostate cancers, e.g., Gleason score (GS) ≥ 7, from benign and indolent cancers (GS 6), is highly promising yet technically challenging. From previous findings to quantify increased PSA fucosylation in urine, we set out to construct a robust, specific test concept suitable for plasma samples. METHODS Macrophage galactose-binding lectin (MGL) coupled to 100 nm Eu3 + -nanoparticles was used to probe PSA captured from cancer cell lines, seminal plasma, and plasma samples from 249 patients with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer onto 3 mm dense spots of free PSA antibody fab fragments. Results were compared to four kallikrein tests: tPSA, fPSA, iPSA and hK2. RESULTS The fPSAMGLglycovariant provided superior discrimination of the GS ≥ 7 and benign + GS 6 groups (p 0.0003) compared to fPSA (NS). The corresponding AUC in ROC analysis was 0.70 compared to 0.66 for tPSA. In contrast to all four kallikrein tests, the fPSAMGLGV was independent of prostate gland volume. Using a logistic regression analysis the fPSAMGLGV significantly improved on the four-kallikrein model. CONCLUSIONS Due to Eu-nanoparticles and a dense fPSA capture spot, the fPSAMGL glycovariant identifies an fPSA subform with the highest cancer specificity compared to the four conventional kallikreins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kekki
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Finland.
| | - I Montoya Perez
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - P Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - P J Boström
- Department of Urology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - K Gidwani
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Finland
| | - K Pettersson
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Finland
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3
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Zhu Q, Geng D, Li J, Zhang J, Sun H, Fan Z, He J, Hao N, Tian Y, Wen L, Li T, Qin W, Chu X, Wang Y, Yi W. A Computational and Chemical Design Strategy for Manipulating Glycan-Protein Recognition. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308522. [PMID: 38582526 PMCID: PMC11199974 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Glycans are complex biomolecules that encode rich information and regulate various biological processes, such as fertilization, host-pathogen binding, and immune recognition, through interactions with glycan-binding proteins. A key driving force for glycan-protein recognition is the interaction between the π electron density of aromatic amino acid side chains and polarized C─H groups of the pyranose (termed the CH-π interaction). However, the relatively weak binding affinity between glycans and proteins has hindered the application of glycan detection and imaging. Here, computational modeling and molecular dynamics simulations are employed to design a chemical strategy that enhances the CH-π interaction between glycans and proteins by genetically incorporating electron-rich tryptophan derivatives into a lectin PhoSL, which specifically recognizes core fucosylated N-linked glycans. This significantly enhances the binding affinity of PhoSL with the core fucose ligand and enables sensitive detection and imaging of core fucosylated glycans in vitro and in xenograft tumors in mice. Further, the study showed that this strategy is applicable to improve the binding affinity of GafD lectin for N-acetylglucosamine-containing glycans. The approach thus provides a general and effective way to manipulate glycan-protein recognition for glycoscience applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Departments of Biochemistry & BiophysicsCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
| | - Didi Geng
- Departments of Biochemistry & BiophysicsCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
| | - Jingchao Li
- Departments of Biochemistry & BiophysicsCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
| | - Jinqiu Zhang
- Departments of Biochemistry & BiophysicsCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
| | - Haofan Sun
- National Center for Protein Sciences BeijingState Key Laboratory of ProteomicsBeijing Proteome Research CenterBeijing Institute of LifeomicsBeijing100026China
| | - Zhiya Fan
- National Center for Protein Sciences BeijingState Key Laboratory of ProteomicsBeijing Proteome Research CenterBeijing Institute of LifeomicsBeijing100026China
| | - Jiahui He
- Departments of Biochemistry & BiophysicsCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
| | - Ninghui Hao
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering BiologyShanghai Institute for Advanced StudyInstitute of Quantitative BiologyInternational Campus of Zhejiang UniversityHaining314499China
| | - Yinping Tian
- Carbohydrate‐Based Drug Research CenterShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Liuqing Wen
- Carbohydrate‐Based Drug Research CenterShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Tiehai Li
- Carbohydrate‐Based Drug Research CenterShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Weijie Qin
- National Center for Protein Sciences BeijingState Key Laboratory of ProteomicsBeijing Proteome Research CenterBeijing Institute of LifeomicsBeijing100026China
| | - Xiakun Chu
- Advanced Materials ThrustFunction HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyGuangzhou511400China
| | - Yong Wang
- Departments of Biochemistry & BiophysicsCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering BiologyShanghai Institute for Advanced StudyInstitute of Quantitative BiologyInternational Campus of Zhejiang UniversityHaining314499China
| | - Wen Yi
- Departments of Biochemistry & BiophysicsCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
- Cancer CentreZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310012China
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4
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Liu Y, Hatano K, Nonomura N. Liquid Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Current Status and Emerging Prospects. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:42.e45. [PMID: 38772530 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.230386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major health concern that necessitates appropriate diagnostic approaches for timely intervention. This review critically evaluates the role of liquid biopsy techniques, focusing on blood- and urine-based biomarkers, in overcoming the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods. The 4Kscore test and Prostate Health Index have demonstrated efficacy in distinguishing PCa from benign conditions. Urinary biomarker tests such as PCa antigen 3, MyProstateScore, SelectMDx, and ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore test have revolutionized risk stratification and minimized unnecessary biopsies. Emerging biomarkers, including non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor DNA, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) glycosylation, offer valuable insights into PCa biology, enabling personalized treatment strategies. Advancements in non-invasive liquid biomarkers for PCa diagnosis may facilitate the stratification of patients and avoid unnecessary biopsies, particularly when PSA is in the gray area of 4 to 10 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liu
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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5
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He K, Baniasad M, Kwon H, Caval T, Xu G, Lebrilla C, Hommes DW, Bertozzi C. Decoding the glycoproteome: a new frontier for biomarker discovery in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:12. [PMID: 38515194 PMCID: PMC10958865 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer early detection and treatment response prediction continue to pose significant challenges. Cancer liquid biopsies focusing on detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and DNA (ctDNA) have shown enormous potential due to their non-invasive nature and the implications in precision cancer management. Recently, liquid biopsy has been further expanded to profile glycoproteins, which are the products of post-translational modifications of proteins and play key roles in both normal and pathological processes, including cancers. The advancements in chemical and mass spectrometry-based technologies and artificial intelligence-based platforms have enabled extensive studies of cancer and organ-specific changes in glycans and glycoproteins through glycomics and glycoproteomics. Glycoproteomic analysis has emerged as a promising tool for biomarker discovery and development in early detection of cancers and prediction of treatment efficacy including response to immunotherapies. These biomarkers could play a crucial role in aiding in early intervention and personalized therapy decisions. In this review, we summarize the significant advance in cancer glycoproteomic biomarker studies and the promise and challenges in integration into clinical practice to improve cancer patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai He
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
| | | | - Hyunwoo Kwon
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Gege Xu
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, USA
| | - Carlito Lebrilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, USA
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6
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Wang W, de Nier CR, Wuhrer M, Lageveen-Kammeijer GS. In-Depth Glycoproteomic Assay of Urinary Prostatic Acid Phosphatase. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2024; 4:117-126. [PMID: 38404489 PMCID: PMC10885330 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a well-known clinical biomarker in prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, but a better test is still needed, as the serum-level-based PSA quantification exhibits limited specificity and comes with poor predictive value. Prior to PSA, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was used, but it was replaced by PSA because PSA improved the early detection of PCa. Upon revisiting PAP and its glycosylation specifically, it appears to be a promising new biomarker candidate. Namely, previous studies have indicated that PAP glycoforms differ between PCa and non-PCa individuals. However, an in-depth characterization of PAP glycosylation is still lacking. In this study, we established an in-depth glycoproteomic assay for urinary PAP by characterizing both the micro- and macroheterogeneity of the PAP glycoprofile. For this purpose, PAP samples were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry after affinity purification from urine and proteolytic digestion. The developed urinary PAP assay was applied on a pooled DRE (digital rectal examination) urine sample from nine individuals. Three glycosylation sites were characterized, namely N94, N220, and N333, via N-glycopeptide analysis. Taking sialic acid linkage isomers into account, a total of 63, 27, and 4 N-glycan structures were identified, respectively. The presented PAP glycoproteomic assay will enable the determination of potential glycomic biomarkers for the early detection and prognosis of PCa in cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Leiden
University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics
and Metabolomics, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen R. de Nier
- Leiden
University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics
and Metabolomics, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Leiden
University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics
and Metabolomics, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - Guinevere S.M. Lageveen-Kammeijer
- Leiden
University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics
and Metabolomics, Leiden 2300 RC, The Netherlands
- University
of Groningen, Groningen Research
Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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7
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Peng Z, Wang Y, Wu X, Yang S, Du X, Xu X, Hu C, Liu W, Zhu Y, Dong B, Pan J, Bao Q, Qian K, Dong L, Xue W. Identifying High Gleason Score Prostate Cancer by Prostate Fluid Metabolic Fingerprint-Based Multi-Modal Recognition. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301684. [PMID: 38258603 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in males worldwide. The Gleason scoring system, which classifies the pathological growth pattern of cancer, is considered one of the most important prognostic factors for PCa. Compared to indolent PCa, PCa with high Gleason score (h-GS PCa, GS ≥ 8) has greater clinical significance due to its high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. It is crucial to establish a rapid, non-invasive diagnostic modality to decipher patients with h-GS PCa as early as possible. In this study, ferric nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (FeNPALDI-MS) to extract prostate fluid metabolic fingerprint (PSF-MF) is employed and combined with the clinical features of patients, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), to establish a multi-modal diagnosis assisted by machine learning. This approach yields an impressive area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87 to diagnose patients with h-GS, surpassing the results of single-modal diagnosis using only PSF-MF or PSA, respectively. Additionally, using various screening methods, six key metabolites that exhibit greater diagnostic efficacy (AUC = 0.96) are identified. These findings also provide insights into related metabolic pathways, which may provide valuable information for further elucidation of the pathological mechanisms underlying h-GS PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehong Peng
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Yuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Wu
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Shouzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Du
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Cong Hu
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Wanshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Yinjie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Jiahua Pan
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Qingui Bao
- Fosun Diagnostics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., No. 830, Chengyin Road, Baoshan, Shanghai, 200435, P. R. China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
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8
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Kato T, Morishita K, Tomiyama E, Hayashibara A, Ishizuya Y, Yamamoto Y, Hatano K, Kawashima A, Fukuhara S, Nonomura N, Miyoshi E, Fujita K. Prognostic significance of serum fucosylated pro-haptoglobin in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17239. [PMID: 37821468 PMCID: PMC10567678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With the widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), identifying predictive biomarkers is critical. Recently, serum fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hp) was thought to play an important role in tumour immunity in several types of cancer. Therefore, evaluating serum Fuc-Hp in the peripheral blood can potentially identify non-invasive predictive biomarkers for the clinical efficacy of ICIs. In this study, 31 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with nivolumab were enrolled and defined as responders or non-responders according to RECIST criteria. Serum samples were collected before and 1 month after treatment initiation, and an ELISA assay was performed using Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL) and 10-7G monoclonal antibodies that recognise Fuc-mature Hp (Fuc-mHp) and Fuc-pro Hp (Fuc-pHp), respectively. We first measured AAL-haptoglobin (Fuc-mHp) and total haptoglobin levels before nivolumab and found that neither value could predict the clinical response. Notably, serum 10-7G levels were significantly lower in the responder group (p = 0.035). We also confirmed the use of serum 10-7G levels for predicting progressive disease after nivolumab (area under the curve, 0.816). Accordingly, low 10-7G levels were significantly correlated with better progression-free survival (p = 0.041). In conclusion, serum Fuc-pHp analysis may identify patients with advanced RCC who benefit from ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taigo Kato
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Koichi Morishita
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Eisuke Tomiyama
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayumu Hayashibara
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yu Ishizuya
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsunari Kawashima
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Kindai University Graduate School of Medicine, Sayama, Japan
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9
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Taniguchi N, Okawa Y, Maeda K, Kanto N, Johnson EL, Harada Y. N-glycan branching enzymes involved in cancer, Alzheimer's disease and COPD and future perspectives. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 633:68-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Fucosylation in Urological Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413333. [PMID: 34948129 PMCID: PMC8708646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is an oligosaccharide modification that plays an important role in immune response and malignancy, and specific fucosyltransferases (FUTs) catalyze the three types of fucosylations: core-type, Lewis type, and H type. FUTs regulate cancer proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to chemotherapy by modifying the glycosylation of signaling receptors. Oligosaccharides on PD-1/PD-L1 proteins are specifically fucosylated, leading to functional modifications. Expression of FUTs is upregulated in renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer. Aberrant fucosylation in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) could be used as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer. Furthermore, elucidation of the biological function of fucosylation could result in the development of novel therapeutic targets. Further studies are needed in the field of fucosylation glycobiology in urological malignancies.
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11
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Simultaneous analysis of serum α2,3-linked sialylation and core-type fucosylation of prostate-specific antigen for the detection of high-grade prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 126:764-770. [PMID: 34802050 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered prostate-specific antigen (PSA) glycosylation patterns can be useful biomarkers in detecting high-grade prostate cancer (HGPC). The microfluidic immunoassay system can analyse α2,3-linked sialylated PSA (α2,3-Sia-PSA) and α1,6-linked fucosylated PSA (α1,6-Fuc-PSA) using different lectins, Mackkia amurensis agglutinin and Pholiota squarrosa lectin, respectively. Here, we investigated the diagnostic value of simultaneous analysis of α2,3-Sia-PSA and α1,6-Fuc-PSA for the detection of HGPC. METHODS Men with serum PSA levels of 4-20 ng/mL who underwent prostate biopsy were included. The model to predict HGPC (Gleason grade ≥2) was constructed by multivariate logistic regression analysis, in combination with α2,3-Sia-PSA and α1,6-Fuc-PSA (SF index). RESULTS In the development cohort (n = 150), the SF index showed good discrimination for HGPC (area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) 0.842; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.782-0.903), compared to the single PSA test (AUC 0.632, 95% CI 0.543-0.721), α2,3-Sia-PSA (AUC 0.711, 95% CI 0.629-0.793) and α1,6-Fuc-PSA (AUC 0.738, 95% CI 0.657-0.819). Decision-curve analysis showed the superior benefit of the SF index. In the validation cohort (n = 57), the SF index showed good discrimination for HGPC (AUC 0.769, 95% CI 0.643-0.895). CONCLUSIONS The SF index could differentiate HGPC, providing useful information for decision making for prostate biopsy in men with abnormal PSA levels.
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12
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Lectins applied to diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer and benign hyperplasia: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:543-553. [PMID: 34508719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors, as well as genetic factors, contribute to the increase in prostate cancer cases (PCa), the second leading cause of cancer death in men. This fact calls for the development of more reliable, quick and low-cost early detection tests to distinguish between malignant and benign cases. Abnormal cell glycosylation pattern is a promising PCa marker for this purpose. Proteins, such as lectins can decode the information contained in the glycosylation patterns. Several studies have reported on applications of plant lectins as diagnostic tools for PCa considering the ability to differentiate it from benign cases. In addition, they can be used to detect, separate and differentiate the glycosylation patterns of cells or proteins present in serum, urine and semen. Herein, we present an overview of these studies, showing the lectins that map glycans differentially expressed in PCa, as well as benign hyperplasia (BPH). We further review their applications in biosensors, histochemical tests, immunoassays, chromatography, arrays and, finally, their therapeutic potential. This is the first study to review vegetable lectins applied specifically to PCa.
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