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Peleg O, Idan M, Katz R. Exploring the relationship between binge eating and differentiation of self: the mediating role of emotional distress and work stress. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1368995. [PMID: 39040923 PMCID: PMC11260811 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1368995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is a prevalent eating disorder outlined in the DSM-5. Emotional distress (including stress, anxiety, and depression) stands out as a critical risk factor for developing eating disorders, and specifically BED. Recent studies have identified differentiation of self- a family pattern involving the ability to balance emotions and cognitions, as well as intimacy and autonomy-as a factor that exacerbates emotional distress. This relationship highlights the importance of addressing both emotional distress and family dynamics in understanding BED. While associations have been found between work-related factors and family dynamics with emotional distress, there has been limited investigation into the specific risk factors that are uniquely linked to BED. It was hypothesized that differentiation of self would relate to BED symptoms through the mediation of emotional distress and work stress. A systematic sampling method was applied to select a total of 275 participants for this study, with 60% women and 40% men (aged 20-45, M = 32.71, SD = 7.50). The findings suggest that low differentiation of self may increase vulnerability to BED symptoms by increasing susceptibility to emotional distress, including stress in the workplace. In addition, the analyses indicated that women reported higher levels of BED symptoms, while men reported higher levels of differentiation of self. The study sheds light on the contribution of unregulated family and emotional patterns to BED, providing valuable insights for organizations seeking to promote healthier work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ora Peleg
- Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Emek Yezreel, Israel
| | - Meirav Idan
- Department of Human Services, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ruth Katz
- Department of Human Services, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Becerra MD, Botero MO, Velez ICB, Silva ASS, S Garcia LM, Posada DSO. El Ser del Terapeuta: A narrative examination into family-of-origin influence on the professional self of students in family therapy training in Colombia. JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2023; 49:481-498. [PMID: 36786525 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative narrative study aimed to examine how a family of origin influenced the professional self of Colombian students pursuing a profession in family therapy. Few research studies have investigated the development of self among native Spanish speakers from Colombia. Undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in clinical psychology and family therapy internships (N = 16) from the Colombian cities of Medellín, Pereira, and Santa Marta participated in this study. Data collection using personal diaries, family albums, autobiographies, and in-depth interviews served as sources for narrative analysis. Two themes and four subthemes representing positive and negative aspects of influences of families of origin helped organize the findings. Student experiences illustrate abilities, skills, and potentialities in the narratives. Implications for clinical training and future research recommendations highlight a path forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Damon Becerra
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mireya O Botero
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Catolica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Isabel C Bernal Velez
- Social Work Program - Centro de Familia, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana S S Silva
- Centro de Formación Clínica y Psicosocial, Fliligrana Caribe, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Luisa Maria S Garcia
- Marriage and Family Therapy Program, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - David S O Posada
- Marriage and Family Therapy Program, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
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The structure of self-concept and mental well-being in university students in China: A HiCLAS analysis. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Alfayumi-Zeadna S, Gnaim-Abu Touma L, Weinreich M, O’Rourke N. COVID-19 and Mental Health of Minority Arab Higher-Education Students in Israel: Social, Economic, and Academic Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13466. [PMID: 36294042 PMCID: PMC9602490 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The mental health and well-being of higher-education students is a topic of growing interest. COVID-19 impacted higher education in many ways and the challenges were especially pronounced for minority students. This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of Arab minority students in Israel in relation to social, academic, and financial factors. We recruited 420 Arab higher-education students enrolled in academic colleges or universities in Israel who completed a battery of online questionnaires. Mental health status was measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21). Moderate to severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were reported by 49.3%, 45.2%, and 54% of Arab students, respectively. Analyses indicate that low quality of online learning, academic difficulties, and negative economic effects of COVID-19 predicted stress, anxiety, and depression. Women reported higher levels of depression and stress; job loss predicted depression and anxiety; low income predicted depression; and COVID-19-related health concerns predicted anxiety. This study highlights the unique and multiple challenges faced by minority students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Campus programs are needed to address the emotional needs of students. Longitudinal research is needed to more fully understand the impact of COVID-19 on higher-education students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Alfayumi-Zeadna
- Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon 78211, Israel
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Lena Gnaim-Abu Touma
- Department of Education, Al-Qasemi Academic College of Education, Baqa-El-Gharbia 30100, Israel
| | - Maya Weinreich
- Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Norm O’Rourke
- School of Public Health and Multidisciplinary Center for Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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Werner P, Kim S. How Are Sociodemographic, Health, Psychological, and Cognitive Factors Associated with Dementia Worry? An Online Survey Study among Israeli and Australian Laypeople. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11313. [PMID: 36141584 PMCID: PMC9516982 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia worry is a widespread phenomenon and the most common emotional reaction elicited by the threat of developing dementia in the future. The cultural factors of dementia worry have not been examined widely, although dementia can be perceived differently between cultures and lead to varying levels of dementia worry. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of dementia worry and factors associated with it cross-nationally in Israel and Australia. METHODS A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted with two age-matched adult samples (447 participants in Israel and 290 in Australia). The primary outcome measure was the 12-item Dementia Worry Scale. RESULTS Israeli participants (mean age = 42.5 years; 50.1% female) reported statistically significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of concern about developing dementia in comparison to Australian participants (mean age = 43.7 years; 49.8% female). Increased ageism and increased perceptions about the likelihood of developing dementia were the most important factors associated with increased worry. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that country may not be the best criterion to assess cultural differences and should be accompanied by the participants' assessment of their cultural tendencies. Our study also stresses the importance of conceptualizing and assessing affective and cognitive aspects of dementia worry, as people from different cultures might perceive dementia worry cognitively differently but affectively similar and vice-versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Werner
- Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Sarang Kim
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick 2031, Australia
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Adaptation of Chabot emotional differentiation scale to Turkish language and examination of emotional differentiation levels of married people. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mozas-Alonso M, Oliver J, Berástegui A. Differentiation of self and its relationship with marital satisfaction and parenting styles in a Spanish sample of adolescents' parents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265436. [PMID: 35320300 PMCID: PMC8942213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to test some of the assumptions of Bowen's Family Systems Theory, specifically, to assess the relationships between differentiation of self (DoS), marital satisfaction and parenting styles, as well as the gender differences in these variables in a Spanish sample. The sample includes 140 Spanish non-single adults, over 30 years old, who have at least one adolescent son or daughter, aged between 12 and 19 years old. The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Differentiation of Self Scale, the Warmth Scale-Parents, the Rules and Demands Scale-Parents and the Satisfaction subscale of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. The results show DoS is related to marital satisfaction, and parenting styles' dimensions. Regarding gender, women show higher emotional reactivity and warmth-communication than men do. Furthermore, marital satisfaction mediates the relationship between DoS and parental warmth-communication, criticism-rejection and inductive form. Finally, implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mozas-Alonso
- Department of Psychology, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Oliver
- Department of Psychology, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Berástegui
- Department of Psychology, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de la Familia, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
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Tamanaeifar S, Pirkashani NG, Nooripour R. How Mindfulness and Acceptance Could Help Psychiatrists Predict Alexithymia Among Students. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021; 209:297-301. [PMID: 33476108 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Mindfulness and acceptance have demonstrated associations with alexithymia facets. As a very limited body of research has explored the predictive strength among alexithymia-related constructs, this study aimed to investigate the prediction of alexithymia based on acceptance and mindfulness among students. The study group consisted of 586 university students, 237 (40.9%) females and 349 (59.1%) males. As for data collection, the five-factor mindfulness questionnaire, Acceptance and Commitment Questionnaire, and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-2 were applied. A stepwise multiple linear regression was calculated to predict alexithymia based on components of commitment and action, mindfulness facets, and demographic variables (F[5,578] = 77.26, p ≤ 0.001), with an R2 of 0.41. The predictive variables including description (B = -0.59, t = -8.02, p < 0.001), commitment and action (B = -0.13, t = -4.38, p < 0.001), observation (B = -0.15, t = -2.94, p < 0.01), and no judgment (B = -0.16, t = -2.56, p < 0.05) exhibited significant prediction effects on the adjusted index of alexithymia. The findings contribute to the potential mechanism between mindfulness and alexithymia in intervention that seeks to improve mindfulness and acceptance skills and could prove more effective in treating patients with alexithymia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Tamanaeifar
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan
| | - Nikzad Ghanbari Pirkashani
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran
| | - Roghieh Nooripour
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhu C, Zhu M, Gao X, Liu X. How Does Self-Concept Differentiation Work in Chinese Retirees: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:555339. [PMID: 33679502 PMCID: PMC7930060 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.555339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-concept differentiation (SCD) is a sign of fragmentation of the self rather than specialization of role identities for its robust relationship with psychological adjustment. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the relationship between SCD and psychological adjustment. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of self-consistency and congruence (SCC) in the association between SCD and psychological adjustment (psychological well-being, depression, and anxiety), and the moderating role of age in the relationship between SCD and SCC. This moderated mediation model was examined among 158 Chinese retirees (mean age = 71.12, SD = 9.13), who completed measurements regarding SCD, SCC, psychological well-being, anxiety, and depression. The results showed that SCC partially mediated the links between SCD and the indices of psychological adjustment. Furthermore, age moderated this mediation effect, which was found in mean and high-age participants, but not in low-age ones. Our findings indicate that, at different age stages, the internal mechanisms of SCD affecting psychological adaptation are not the same, and a low differentiated or highly integrated self can serve as an adaptive resource to maintain high subjective well-being of the elderly and protect them from anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Social Work and Management, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangping Gao
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoshi Liu
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Peleg O, Yaniv I, Katz R, Tzischinsky O. Does Trait Anxiety Mediate the Relationship Between Family Patterns and Quality of Life? THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FAMILY THERAPY 2018; 46:341-355. [DOI: 10.1080/01926187.2018.1540282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ora Peleg
- The Max Stern Yezreel Academic College, Emek Yezreel, Israel
| | - Iris Yaniv
- The Max Stern Yezreel Academic College, Emek Yezreel, Israel
| | - Ruth Katz
- The Max Stern Yezreel Academic College, Emek Yezreel, Israel
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