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Kernan WD. Health-related impediments to learning among dental and oral surgery students. J Prev Interv Community 2020; 47:32-44. [PMID: 30806191 DOI: 10.1080/10852352.2018.1547307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Dental education is a challenging experience that places significant demands on students' intellectual, financial, and psychosocial well-being. Dental students who simultaneously experience physical illness, emotional upset, or interpersonal difficulty may be at greater risk of experiencing negative academic consequences. It is well documented that stress affects student learning, however, the impact of other health concerns on academic success is less understood. The purpose of this manuscript is to document the prevalence and perceived academic impact of 24 health concerns on the academic performance of a sample of 130 undergraduate dental students as measured by the National College Health Assessment (NCHA). Health concerns that were most prevalent among dental students were generally also perceived to be most detrimental to their learning. These included upper respiratory infections (cold, flu, sore throat), interpersonal concerns (concerns about a troubled friend or family member, and relationship difficulty), and mental health issues (depression/anxiety/seasonal affective disorder, and stress).
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Kernan
- a Department of Public Health , William Paterson University , Wayne , NJ , USA
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Gambetta-Tessini K, Mariño R, Morgan M, Evans W, Anderson V. Stress and Health-Promoting Attributes in Australian, New Zealand, and Chilean Dental Students. J Dent Educ 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2013.77.6.tb05532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Gambetta-Tessini
- Department of Population Oral Health and Periodontics; Melbourne Dental School University of Melbourne; Australia
| | - Rodrigo Mariño
- Melbourne Dental School University of Melbourne; Australia
| | - Mike Morgan
- School of Dental Science Melbourne Dental School University of Melbourne; Australia
| | - Wendell Evans
- Department of Community Oral Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Dentistry; University of Sydney; Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- David Francis Adams
- University Counseling Service; University of Iowa College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics; Social Sciences and Business Division; Eureka College
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AlFaris E, Irfan F, Qureshi R, Naeem N, Alshomrani A, Ponnamperuma G, Al Yousufi N, Al Maflehi N, Al Naami M, Jamal A, van der Vleuten C. Health professions' students have an alarming prevalence of depressive symptoms: exploration of the associated factors. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 16:279. [PMID: 27769235 PMCID: PMC5073730 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0794-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need to better understand the depression phenomenon and to clarify why some students become depressed and others don't. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of depressive symptoms among health professions' (HP) students, and to explore the association between socio-demographic factors (e.g. year of study, discipline, gender) and depressive symptoms. METHODS In this descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional study, stratified proportionate sampling strategy was used to select the study sample during the academic year 2012-2013. The students from four health professions' schools situated within a large, public university located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were screened for depressive symptoms using the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II). Chi-square test, student t-test and ANOVA were used to compare different categorical variables. RESULTS The overall response rate was 79.0 %, the highest among dental students 86.1 %, and lowest among nursing (49.7 %). The overall prevalence rate of depressive symptoms was 47.0 %; it was highest among dentistry students (51.6 %), followed by medicine (46.2 %), applied medical sciences (AMS) (45.7 %) and lowest among nursing students (44.2 %). A statistically significant association was found between the presence and severity of depressive symptoms on one hand and the female gender (p = 0.000) and year of study on the other hand. CONCLUSION This study seems to indicate an alarming rate of depressive symptoms. Female gender, dentistry, the third year for all schools and fifth year for medicine and dentistry have the highest association with depressive symptoms. Future studies may be needed to explore further the reasons and explanations for the variation in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among these groups. The factors that deserve exploration include curricular variables and personal factors such as the students' study skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiad AlFaris
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhana Irfan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riaz Qureshi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naghma Naeem
- Medical Education Department, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alshomrani
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, PO Box 7544, Riyadh, 13317-4233 Saudi Arabia
| | - Gominda Ponnamperuma
- Medical Education, Medical Education Development and Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Nada Al Yousufi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasr Al Maflehi
- Biostatistical Consultant CDRC, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al Naami
- General Surgery Division, KKUH, KSU, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cees van der Vleuten
- Department of Educational Development and Research, School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Elani HW, Allison PJ, Kumar RA, Mancini L, Lambrou A, Bedos C. A Systematic Review of Stress in Dental Students. J Dent Educ 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2014.78.2.tb05673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hawazin W. Elani
- Oral Health and Society Unit, Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University at the time of this study
| | | | | | - Laura Mancini
- Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University at the time of this study
| | | | - Christophe Bedos
- Oral Health and Society Unit, Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University
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Divaris K, Polychronopoulou A, Villa-Torres L, Mafla AC, Moya GA, González-Martínez F, Vila-Sierra LA, Fortich-Mesa N, Gómez-Scarpetta RÁ, Duque-Restrepo LM. Extracurricular Factors Influence Perceived Stress in a Large Cohort of Colombian Dental Students. J Dent Educ 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2014.78.2.tb05672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Divaris
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry; School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; United States
| | - Argy Polychronopoulou
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry; University of Athens School of Dentistry; Athens Greece
| | - Laura Villa-Torres
- Department of Health Behavior; Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; United States
| | - Ana Cristina Mafla
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia-Pasto School of Dentistry; Pasto Colombia
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Lopez N, Johnson S, Black N. Does Peer Mentoring Work? Dental Students Assess Its Benefits as an Adaptive Coping Strategy. J Dent Educ 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2010.74.11.tb04993.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Johnson
- Admissions and Diversity-all at the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry
| | - Nicki Black
- Admissions and Diversity-all at the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donna Kritz-Silverstein
- Division of Epidemiology; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine; University of California, San Diego; School of Medicine
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Affiliation(s)
- Wes R. Cardall
- Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health; A.T. Still University; Provo UT
| | - R. Chad Rowan
- University of California; Los Angeles School of Dentistry; St. Louis University
| | - Curt Bay
- Biostatistics; Arizona School of Health Sciences; A.T. Still University
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Thornton LJ, Barr AE, Stuart-Buttle C, Gaughan JP, Wilson ER, Jackson AD, Wyszynski TC, Smarkola C. Perceived musculoskeletal symptoms among dental students in the clinic work environment. ERGONOMICS 2008; 51:573-586. [PMID: 18357542 DOI: 10.1080/00140130701728277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal symptoms are a major concern among dental practitioners. Dental students perform the same clinical tasks as dentists in private practice, yet only recently has scientific evidence suggested a relationship between the tasks and musculoskeletal symptoms. This study investigates the clinical tasks that place students at physical risk and the relationship between the tasks and musculoskeletal symptoms. Student perceptions of physical symptoms were established with a questionnaire identifying variables on general health, tasks, physical demands, workload and environment. A total of 61% (358/590) reported that during the past year they experienced musculoskeletal symptoms related to work at dental school (second year (n = 212), third year (n = 201) and fourth year (n = 177)). Of those students, the neck represented 48%, shoulder 31%, back 44% and hands 20% (p < 0.001). Third year students reported the highest occurrence of symptoms in every body area (p < 0.001). Third and fourth year students reported significant relationships between the occurrence of symptoms and equipment utilisation, work efficiency and general health. Further studies are recommended to evaluate types and levels of potential risk factors. A total of 75% of dental practitioners are at risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Results from this study have found that dental students were no exception. Third year dental students reported the highest level of musculoskeletal symptoms with the prevalence of pain in the neck, shoulder and lower back.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Thornton
- Temple University School of Dentistry, Temple University College of Allied Health Professions, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Abstract
This study was conducted as a systematic review of all modern literature describing the prevalence of tobacco smoking among dental students. An electronic keyword search of appropriate terms was initially undertaken to identify relevant material, after which the reference lists of manuscripts were also examined to locate additional publications. A total of 27 studies from 19 countries were identified. The earliest manuscripts appeared in 1970, with the most recent being published in 2006. From a global perspective, our review suggests that tobacco smoking is relatively uncommon among contemporary dental students in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Great Britain and the United States. This is not surprising however, as it has previously been noted that dentists generally smoke at one of the lowest rates among all health professionals, and much lower than that of the communities in which they live. Somewhat discouragingly, we did find that smoking remains quite common among dental students in countries such as Greece, Serbia, Romania and Hungary. Given the fact that some of the student body continue to smoke tobacco, it is clear that more aggressive tobacco-specific measures should become a mandatory component of global dental education in future years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R Smith
- International Centre for Research Promotion and Informatics, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan.
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Sofola OO, Jeboda SO. Perceived sources of stress in Nigerian dental students. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2006; 10:20-3. [PMID: 16436080 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0579.2006.00391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify sources of stress among dental students at the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. A modified Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire was used to study the 137 students in years 3-6, of which 105 (76.6%) responded. Results show that the year 5 students indicated the highest level of stress overall on items relating to pre-clinical training with 21 (70%) recording aggregate DES score over the cut-off point for high stress. For clinical items, nearly all the students - 27(90%) of year 5 and 24 (100%) of year 6 recorded aggregates over the cut-off point. The most important stressors were those related to the lack of provision of a well-supported system of dental education in Nigeria in terms of availability of materials for clinical training and study materials. There were no significant differences in stress perception between genders. However, students who chose Medicine as their first choice for admission with Dentistry as an alternative experienced significantly higher overall mean and higher mean scores for most items. In conclusion, it appears there is a need to improve support for dental education in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Sofola
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
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Burk DT, Bender DJ. Use and Perceived Effectiveness of Student Support Services in a First-Year Dental Student Population. J Dent Educ 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2005.69.10.tb04016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy T. Burk
- Department of Anatomy; University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry
| | - Daniel J. Bender
- University of the Pacific; Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry
- University of San Francisco
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Thornton LJ, Stuart-Buttle C, Wyszynski TC, Wilson ER. Physical and psychosocial stress exposures in US dental schools: the need for expanded ergonomics training. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2004; 35:153-157. [PMID: 15105077 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2003.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2003] [Revised: 10/31/2003] [Accepted: 11/14/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Dental students train in an environment similar to dentists in private practice. The literature reveals that physical and psychosocial stressors in dental schools are associated with adverse health outcomes. While dental educators have provided resources to address psychosocial factors and ergonomics training at the didactic level, the reinforcement of biomechanics at the clinic level has been overlooked. In this article the authors introduce a descriptive analysis of an ergonomics awareness program that expands the ergonomic training by including an assessment of the physical work performed by dental students in the clinic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Thornton
- Temple University School of Dentistry, Room 2E13, 3223 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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