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Stepanov YK, Speidel JD, Herrmann C, Schmid N, Behr R, Köhn FM, Stöckl JB, Pickl U, Trottmann M, Fröhlich T, Mayerhofer A, Welter H. Profound Effects of Dexamethasone on the Immunological State, Synthesis and Secretion Capacity of Human Testicular Peritubular Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193164. [PMID: 36231125 PMCID: PMC9562650 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions of human testicular peritubular cells (HTPCs), forming a small compartment located between the seminiferous epithelium and the interstitial areas of the testis, are not fully known but go beyond intratesticular sperm transport and include immunological roles. The expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) indicates that they may be regulated by glucocorticoids (GCs). Herein, we studied the consequences of the GC dexamethasone (Dex) in cultured HTPCs, which serves as a unique window into the human testis. We examined changes in cytokines, mainly by qPCR and ELISA. A holistic mass-spectrometry-based proteome analysis of cellular and secreted proteins was also performed. Dex, used in a therapeutic concentration, decreased the transcript level of proinflammatory cytokines, e.g., IL6, IL8 and MCP1. An siRNA-mediated knockdown of GR reduced the actions on IL6. Changes in IL6 were confirmed by ELISA measurements. Of note, Dex also lowered GR levels. The proteomic results revealed strong responses after 24 h (31 significantly altered cellular proteins) and more pronounced ones after 72 h of Dex exposure (30 less abundant and 42 more abundant cellular proteins). Dex also altered the composition of the secretome (33 proteins decreased, 13 increased) after 72 h. Among the regulated proteins were extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement membrane components (e.g., FBLN2, COL1A2 and COL3A1), as well as PTX3 and StAR. These results pinpoint novel, profound effects of Dex in HTPCs. If transferrable to the human testis, changes specifically in ECM and the immunological state of the testis may occur in men upon treatment with Dex for medical reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Dominik Speidel
- Biomedical Center, Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Carola Herrmann
- Biomedical Center, Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nina Schmid
- Biomedical Center, Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Behr
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Jan Bernd Stöckl
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU München, 81377 München, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Artur Mayerhofer
- Biomedical Center, Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.W.); Tel.: +49-89218075859 (A.M.); +49-89218071882 (H.W.)
| | - Harald Welter
- Biomedical Center, Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (H.W.); Tel.: +49-89218075859 (A.M.); +49-89218071882 (H.W.)
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Rego J, Crisp J, Moura A, Nouwens A, Li Y, Venus B, Corbet N, Corbet D, Burns B, Boe-Hansen G, McGowan M. Seminal plasma proteome of electroejaculated Bos indicus bulls. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 148:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Silván U, Díez-Torre A, Jiménez-Rojo L, Aréchaga J. Vascularization of testicular germ cell tumours: evidence from experimental teratocarcinomas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 33:765-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2010.01068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Gao Y, Fang X, Sun H, Wang Y, Yao LJ, Li JP, Tong Y, Zhang B, Liu Y. Toll-like receptor 4-mediated myeloid differentiation factor 88-dependent signaling pathway is activated by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in hippocampal CA1 region in mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 32:1665-71. [PMID: 19801825 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.32.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent signaling pathway plays an essential role in inflammation resulting from invading microbes. However, whether the signaling pathway is activated in the inflammatory reaction of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and its mechanism is still unclear. In this experiment mice were randomly divided into sham group, ischemia/reperfusion group and TLR4-blocked group with different time points of reperfusion at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h . Mice cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of common carotid arteries (CCA) bilaterally. TLR4 signaling pathway was inhibited using specific anti-TLR4 binding protein to prevent TLR4 from interacting with its receptors. We determined the result of TLR4 antibodies-blocking and mice cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries by Western blot, and evaluated neuronal damage in the hippocampus. We also determined expression of TLR4 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA by in situ hybridization (ISH), activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB by electrophoretic mobility-shift analysis (EMSA), and expression of interrleukin (IL)-1beta protein by Western blot. The results demonstrated that TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway activated by ischemia-reperfusion may be involved in the mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion through upregulation of NF-kappaB, IL-1beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Zhou N, Fan W, Li M. Angiogenin is expressed in human dermal papilla cells and stimulates hair growth. Arch Dermatol Res 2008; 301:139-49. [PMID: 18936943 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-008-0907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2008] [Revised: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The perifollicular vasculature undergoes hair-cycle dependent expansion and degeneration. Multiple soluble factors derived from dermal papilla cells (DPCs) may act on surrounding blood vessels to influence angiogenesis, growth and differentiation, and thereby regulate cyclic hair growth. The goal of this study was to examine the expression of angiogenin, a potent angiogenic factor, in human DPCs, and to determine its role in hair growth. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, immunofluorescence and ELISA analyzes were used to investigate the expression of angiogenin in human DPCs, while semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to assess angiogenin mRNA expression in murine skin phased at different stages of the hair cycle. We detected angiogenin expression in DPCs, where it was found to be localized to the cytoplasm. Angiogenin mRNA was expressed in murine skin in a hair-cycle dependent manner, with maximum levels observed at the late anagen. Local injection of angiogenin promoted skin angiogenesis and induced anagen VI. In vitro studies showed that angiogenin significantly enhanced the elongation of hair follicles, and stimulated DPCs and ORS keratinocytes to proliferate. Taken together, these findings show that angiogenin is expressed in human DPCs, where it might contribute to hair growth directly, by stimulating DPCs and ORS keratinocytes to proliferate, or indirectly, by inducing local vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihui Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road 300, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Gao Y, Fang X, Tong Y, Liu Y, Zhang B. TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway is activated by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in cortex in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2008; 63:442-50. [PMID: 18804339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2008.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To study whether the signaling pathway is activated in the inflammatory reaction of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and its mechanism. The mice were randomly divided into sham group, ischemia-reperfusion group and TLR4-blocked group with different time points of reperfusion 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h group. We observed the different expression of TLR4 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA, activation of NF-kappaB and the TNF-alpha and IL-1beta protein levels in each group at different time point after ischemia-reperfusion. Mice cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of common carotid arteries (CCA) bilaterally. TLR4 signaling pathway could be inhibited by specific anti-TLR4 binding protein to prevent TLR4 from interacting with its receptors. We determined the result of TLR4 antibodies-blocking and mice cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries by Western blot, and evaluated neuronal damage in cortex. We also determined the expression of TLR4 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA by in situ hybridization (ISH), the activation of NF-kappaB by EMSA, and the expression of TNF-alpha protein by Western blot. Anti-TLR4 binding TLR4 receptors before reperfusion was effective; There was distinct difference among each group respecting neuronal damage; The expression of TLR4 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA, the activation of NF-kappaB, and the expression of TNF-alpha protein showed clear difference as well. LR4-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway activated by ischemia-reperfusion may be involved in the mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion through upregulation of NF-kappaB and TNF-alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Basic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Hirota Y, Osuga Y, Nose E, Koga K, Yoshino O, Hirata T, Yano T, Tsutsumi O, Sakuma S, Muramatsu T, Taketani Y. The presence of midkine and its possible implication in human ovarian follicles. Am J Reprod Immunol 2007; 58:367-73. [PMID: 17845207 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2007.00522.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Ovarian follicles undergo a dynamic change to provide a mature ovum, and the process involves angiogenesis, follicular cell proliferation and leukocyte recruitment. Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor that has angiogenic, mitogenic, and chemotactic activities. In the present study, we investigated the presence of MK and its possible role in human ovarian follicles. METHOD OF STUDY Follicular fluid (FF) and luteinized granulosa cells (LGC) were collected from women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Expression of MK protein in FF was examined by Western blotting. Concentrations of MK, estradiol and oxygen in FF were measured. 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay was performed in LGC. Normal ovarian tissues were obtained surgically and used in in-situ hybridization of MK mRNA. RESULTS The presence of MK protein was verified in FF. MK mRNA was expressed in both granulosa cells and theca cells of large follicles. There is a significant negative correlation between the concentrations of MK and oxygen in FF, and a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of MK and estradiol. MK promoted BrdU uptake in LGC. CONCLUSION The present findings imply that hypoxic condition, a characteristic of growing follicles, associates with the production of MK. Given that MK is involved in granulosa cell proliferation and estradiol production in developing follicles, MK may play a role as a local regulator in the human ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Hirata T, Osuga Y, Hamasaki K, Hirota Y, Nose E, Morimoto C, Harada M, Takemura Y, Koga K, Yoshino O, Tajima T, Hasegawa A, Yano T, Taketani Y. Expression of toll-like receptors 2, 3, 4, and 9 genes in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle. J Reprod Immunol 2007; 74:53-60. [PMID: 17292969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2006.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2006] [Revised: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Innate immunity in the endometrium has fundamental significance for reproduction. Although toll-like receptors (TLRs) play central roles in innate immune responses, their expression in the human endometrium remains to be fully elucidated. We have examined the gene expression of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9 in endometrial tissues by real-time quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization. The expression levels of the four genes in endometrial tissues varied in a similar pattern during the menstrual cycle; the levels were high in the perimenstrual period and low in the periovulatory period. Expression of the four genes was detected in both epithelial cells and stromal cells throughout the menstrual cycle. Expression levels were higher in epithelial cells for TLR3 and in stromal cells for TLR4, while they were comparable in epithelial cells and stromal cells for TLR2 and TLR9. These findings imply that differential spatio-temporal expression patterns of TLRs subserve proper innate immunity of the endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hirata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Rajashekhar G, Loganath A, Roy AC, Chong SS, Wong YC. Hypoxia up-regulated angiogenin and down-regulated vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and secretion in human placental trophoblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 12:310-9. [PMID: 15979542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsgi.2005.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many processes that are involved in cellular invasion, including blastocyst implantation, placental development, and rapidly growing tumors, occur in reduced oxygen environments. It has been surmised that oxygen tension could regulate the cytotrophoblast ability to differentiate and, as a consequence, to express proteins that are critical for placentation. The objective of the current investigation was therefore to test the hypothesis that placental tissues and trophoblast cells in culture, under low oxygen tension, release angiogenic factors that could affect vascular behavior and invasive potential, thus providing a link between abnormal placentation and maternal vascular abnormality. METHODS Functionally active term placental explant culture and trophoblast cultures were used to demonstrate the secretion profiles of angiogenin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and the real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was employed to demonstrate the mRNA expression under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. RESULTS A significant increase in the secretion (P <.01) and mRNA expression (P <.01) of angiogenin and a significant decrease in the secretion (P <.04) and mRNA expression (P <.03) of VCAM-1 from both term placental explants and trophoblast cultures subjected to hypoxia in vitro were observed. CONCLUSION Because the primary defect in uteroplacental insufficiency is placental maldevelopment probably associated with hypoxia in situ, this study provides molecular evidence to indicate that the differential expression and secretion of angiogenic factors may play an important role in these pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rajashekhar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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