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Annamalai J, Seetharaman B, Sellamuthu I. Nanomaterials in the environment and their pragmatic voyage at various trophic levels in an ecosystem. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 364:121307. [PMID: 38870799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
In the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials (NMs) have a huge credential in advancing the existing follow-ups of analytical and diagnosis techniques, drug designing, agricultural science, electronics, cosmetics, sports, textiles and water purification. However, NMs have also grasped attention of researchers onto their toxicity. In the present review, initially the development of notable NMs such as metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles (NPs), magnetic NPs, carbon-based NMs and quantum dots intended to be commercialized along with their applications are discussed. This is followed by the current scenario of NMs in the environment to widen the outlook on the concentration of NPs in the environmental compartments and the frequency of organism exposed to NPs at varied trophic levels. In order to understand the physiochemical and morphological significance of NPs in exhibiting toxicity, fate of NPs in the environment is briefly deliberated. This is further geared-up to glance in-sightedly on the organisms starting from primary producer to primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer and decomposers encountering NPs in their habitual niche. The state of NPs to which organisms are exposed, mechanism of NP uptake and toxicity, anomalies faced at each trophic level, concentration of NPs that is liable to cause toxicity and, biotransfer of NPs to the next generation and trophic level are detailed. Finally, the future prospects on bioaccumulation and biomagnification of NP-based products are conversed. Thus, the review would be noteworthy in unveiling the significance of NPs in forthcoming years combined with threat towards each organism in an ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayshree Annamalai
- Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Toxicology (EDART) Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.
| | - Barathi Seetharaman
- Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Toxicology (EDART) Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.
| | - Iyappan Sellamuthu
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.
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2
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Castel R, Tassistro V, Claeys-Bruno M, Malleret L, Orsière T. In Vitro Genotoxicity Evaluation of PAHs in Mixtures Using Experimental Design. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050470. [PMID: 37235284 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Settled dusts are sinks for environmental pollutants, including Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are ubiquitous, persistent, and carcinogenic. To assess their toxicity in mixtures, Toxic Equivalent Factors (TEFs) are routinely used and based on the hypothesis of additive effects, although PAH interactions may occur and remain an open issue. This study investigated genotoxic binary interaction effects for six PAHs in mixtures using two in vitro assays and estimated Genotoxic Equivalent Factors (GEFs) to roughly predict the genotoxicity of PAH in mixtures. The Design of the Experiment approach was used with the micronucleus assay for cytostasis and micronuclei frequency and the alkaline comet assay for DNA damage. GEFs were determined for each PAH independently and in a mixture. For the cytostasis endpoint, no PAHs interaction was noted. BbF and BaP had a synergistic effect on DNA damage. All the PAH interacted between them regarding chromosomal damage. Although the calculated GEFs were similar to the TEFs, the latter may underestimate the genotoxic potential of a PAH mixture. GEFs calculated for PAH alone were lower than GEFs for PAHs in mixtures; thus, mixtures induce greater DNA/chromosomal damage than expected. This research helps to advance the challenging issue of contaminant mixtures' effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Castel
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et Ecologie, Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, 13005 Marseille, France
- Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCE, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Virginie Tassistro
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et Ecologie, Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Magalie Claeys-Bruno
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et Ecologie, Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laure Malleret
- Laboratoire Chimie Environnement, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCE, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Thierry Orsière
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et Ecologie, Aix Marseille University, Avignon University, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, FR ECCOREV, ITEM, 13005 Marseille, France
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3
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El-Kady MM, Ansari I, Arora C, Rai N, Soni S, Kumar Verma D, Singh P, El Din Mahmoud A. Nanomaterials: A Comprehensive Review of Applications, Toxicity, Impact, and Fate to Environment. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Landsiedel R, Honarvar N, Seiffert SB, Oesch B, Oesch F. Genotoxicity testing of nanomaterials. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1833. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Landsiedel
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology BASF SE Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
- Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Free University of Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Naveed Honarvar
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology BASF SE Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
| | | | - Barbara Oesch
- Oesch‐Tox Toxicological Consulting and Expert Opinions, GmbH & Co KG Ingelheim Germany
| | - Franz Oesch
- Oesch‐Tox Toxicological Consulting and Expert Opinions, GmbH & Co KG Ingelheim Germany
- Institute of Toxicology Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany
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5
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Andreoli C, Prota V, De Angelis I, Facchini E, Zijno A, Meccia E, Barletta B, Butteroni C, Corinti S, Chatgilialoglu C, Krokidis MG, Masi A, Condello M, Meschini S, Di Felice G, Barone F. A harmonized and standardized in vitro approach produces reliable results on silver nanoparticles toxicity in different cell lines. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:1980-1997. [PMID: 33982300 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in different fields and the amount of investigations available, to date, there are many contradictory results on their potential toxicity. In the present study, extensively characterized 20-nm AgNPs were investigated using optimized protocols and standardized methods to test several toxicological endpoints in different cell lines. The agglomeration/aggregation state of AgNPs in culture media was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). DNA and chromosomal damage on BEAS-2B and RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated by comet and micronucleus assays, while oxidative DNA damage by modified comet assay and 8-oxodG/8-oxodA detection. We also investigated immunotoxicity and immunomodulation by cytokine release and NO production in RAW 264.7 and MH-S cells, with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis was used to analyze cellular uptake of AgNPs. Our results indicate different values of AgNPs hydrodynamic diameter depending on the medium, some genotoxic effect just on BEAS-2B and no or slight effects on function of RAW 264.7 and MH-S in absence or presence of LPS stimulus. This study highlights the relevance of using optimized protocols and multiple endpoints to analyze the potential toxicity of AgNPs and to obtain reliable and comparable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Andreoli
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Prota
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella De Angelis
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Facchini
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Zijno
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Meccia
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Barletta
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Butteroni
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Corinti
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marios G Krokidis
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Annalisa Masi
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy.,Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Condello
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Meschini
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Felice
- National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Barone
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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6
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Malakar A, Kanel SR, Ray C, Snow DD, Nadagouda MN. Nanomaterials in the environment, human exposure pathway, and health effects: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 759:143470. [PMID: 33248790 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs), both natural and synthetic, are produced, transformed, and exported into our environment daily. Natural NMs annual flux to the environment is around 97% of the total and is significantly higher than synthetic NMs. However, synthetic NMs are considered to have a detrimental effect on the environment. The extensive usage of synthetic NMs in different fields, including chemical, engineering, electronics, and medicine, makes them susceptible to be discharged into the atmosphere, various water sources, soil, and landfill waste. As ever-larger quantities of NMs end up in our environment and start interacting with the biota, it is crucial to understand their behavior under various environmental conditions, their exposure pathway, and their health effects on human beings. This review paper comprises a large portion of the latest research on NMs and the environment. The article describes the natural and synthetic NMs, covering both incidental and engineered NMs and their behavior in the natural environment. The review includes a brief discussion on sampling strategies and various analytical tools to study NMs in complex environmental matrices. The interaction of NMs in natural environments and their pathway to human exposure has been summarized. The potential of NMs to impact human health has been elaborated. The nanotoxicological effect of NMs based on their inherent properties concerning to human health is also reviewed. The knowledge gaps and future research needs on NMs are reported. The findings in this paper will be a resource for researchers working on NMs all over the world to understand better the challenges associated with NMs in the natural environment and their human health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Malakar
- Nebraska Water Center, part of the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute 2021 Transformation Drive, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0844, USA
| | - Sushil R Kanel
- Nebraska Water Center, part of the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute 2021 Transformation Drive, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0844, USA; Department of Chemistry, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
| | - Chittaranjan Ray
- Nebraska Water Center, part of the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute 2021 Transformation Drive, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0844, USA
| | - Daniel D Snow
- School of Natural Resources and Nebraska Water Center, part of the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, 202 Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844, USA
| | - Mallikarjuna N Nadagouda
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy., Dayton, OH 45435, USA
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7
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Kermanizadeh A, Powell LG, Stone V. A review of hepatic nanotoxicology - summation of recent findings and considerations for the next generation of study designs. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2020; 23:137-176. [PMID: 32321383 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1751756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The liver is one of the most important multi-functional organs in the human body. Amongst various crucial functions, it is the main detoxification center and predominantly implicated in the clearance of xenobiotics potentially including particulates that reach this organ. It is now well established that a significant quantity of injected, ingested or inhaled nanomaterials (NMs) translocate from primary exposure sites and accumulate in liver. This review aimed to summarize and discuss the progress made in the field of hepatic nanotoxicology, and crucially highlight knowledge gaps that still exist.Key considerations include In vivo studies clearly demonstrate that low-solubility NMs predominantly accumulate in the liver macrophages the Kupffer cells (KC), rather than hepatocytes.KCs lining the liver sinusoids are the first cell type that comes in contact with NMs in vivo. Further, these macrophages govern overall inflammatory responses in a healthy liver. Therefore, interaction with of NM with KCs in vitro appears to be very important.Many acute in vivo studies demonstrated signs of toxicity induced by a variety of NMs. However, acute studies may not be that meaningful due to liver's unique and unparalleled ability to regenerate. In almost all investigations where a recovery period was included, the healthy liver was able to recover from NM challenge. This organ's ability to regenerate cannot be reproduced in vitro. However, recommendations and evidence is offered for the design of more physiologically relevant in vitro models.Models of hepatic disease enhance the NM-induced hepatotoxicity.The review offers a number of important suggestions for the future of hepatic nanotoxicology study design. This is of great significance as its findings are highly relevant due to the development of more advanced in vitro, and in silico models aiming to improve physiologically relevant toxicological testing strategies and bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kermanizadeh
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Medical Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Leagh G Powell
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vicki Stone
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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9
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Rodriguez-Garraus A, Azqueta A, Vettorazzi A, López de Cerain A. Genotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E251. [PMID: 32023837 PMCID: PMC7075128 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in diverse sectors such as medicine, food, cosmetics, household items, textiles and electronics. Given the extent of human exposure to AgNPs, information about the toxicological effects of such products is required to ensure their safety. For this reason, we performed a bibliographic review of the genotoxicity studies carried out with AgNPs over the last six years. A total of 43 articles that used well-established standard assays (i.e., in vitro mouse lymphoma assays, in vitro micronucleus tests, in vitro comet assays, in vivo micronucleus tests, in vivo chromosome aberration tests and in vivo comet assays), were selected. The results showed that AgNPs produce genotoxic effects at all DNA damage levels evaluated, in both in vitro and in vivo assays. However, a higher proportion of positive results was obtained in the in vitro studies. Some authors observed that coating and size had an effect on both in vitro and in vivo results. None of the studies included a complete battery of assays, as recommended by ICH and EFSA guidelines, and few of the authors followed OECD guidelines when performing assays. A complete genotoxicological characterization of AgNPs is required for decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (A.V.); (A.L.d.C.)
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (A.V.); (A.L.d.C.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (A.V.); (A.L.d.C.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adela López de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (A.V.); (A.L.d.C.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Wang X, Li T, Su X, Li J, Li W, Gan J, Wu T, Kong L, Zhang T, Tang M, Xue Y. Genotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles with/without coating in human liver HepG2 cells and in mice. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 39:908-918. [PMID: 30701584 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid expansion of human exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the genotoxicity screening is critical to the biosafety evaluation of nanosilver. This study assessed DNA damage and chromosomal aberration in the human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) as well as the effects on the micronucleus of bone marrow in mice induced by 20 nm polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated nanosilver (PVP-AgNPs) and 20 nm bare nanosilver (AgNPs). Our results showed that the two types of AgNPs, in doses of 20-160 μg/mL, could cause genetic toxicological changes on HepG2 cells. The DNA damage degree of HepG2 cells in 20 nm AgNPs was higher than that in 20 nm PVP-AgNPs, while the 20 nm PVP-AgNPs caused more serious chromosomal aberration than 20 nm AgNPs. Both kinds of AgNPs caused genetic toxicity in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. In the micronucleus test on mouse bone marrow cells, in doses of 10, 50 and 250 mg/kg body weight administered orally for 28 days once a day, the two kinds of AgNPs have no obvious inhibitory effect on the mouse bone marrow cells, and the effect of chromosome aberration could be documented at the high dose of 250 mg/kg. These results suggest that AgNPs have genotoxic effects in HepG2 cells and limited effects on bone marrow in mice; both in vitro and in vivo tests could be of great importance on the evaluation of genotoxicity of nanosilver. These findings can provide useful toxicological information that can help to assess genetic toxicity of nanosilver in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xuerong Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Junying Gan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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11
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In vitro percutaneous penetration of silver nanoparticles in pig and human skin. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 95:314-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Pietroiusti A, Bergamaschi E, Campagna M, Campagnolo L, De Palma G, Iavicoli S, Leso V, Magrini A, Miragoli M, Pedata P, Palombi L, Iavicoli I. The unrecognized occupational relevance of the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the gastro-intestinal tract: a consensus paper from a multidisciplinary working group. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:47. [PMID: 29178961 PMCID: PMC5702111 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a fundamental gap of knowledge on the health effects caused by the interaction of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) with the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). This is partly due to the incomplete knowledge of the complex physical and chemical transformations that ENM undergo in the GIT, and partly to the widespread belief that GIT health effects of ENM are much less relevant than pulmonary effects. However, recent experimental findings, considering the role of new players in gut physiology (e.g. the microbiota), shed light on several outcomes of the interaction ENM/GIT. Along with this new information, there is growing direct and indirect evidence that not only ingested ENM, but also inhaled ENM may impact on the GIT. This fact, which may have relevant implications in occupational setting, has never been taken into consideration. This review paper summarizes the opinions and findings of a multidisciplinary team of experts, focusing on two main aspects of the issue: 1) ENM interactions within the GIT and their possible consequences, and 2) relevance of gastro-intestinal effects of inhaled ENMs. Under point 1, we analyzed how luminal gut-constituents, including mucus, may influence the adherence of ENM to cell surfaces in a size-dependent manner, and how intestinal permeability may be affected by different physico-chemical characteristics of ENM. Cytotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and inflammatory effects on different GIT cells, as well as effects on microbiota, are also discussed. Concerning point 2, recent studies highlight the relevance of gastro-intestinal handling of inhaled ENM, showing significant excretion with feces of inhaled ENM and supporting the hypothesis that GIT should be considered an important target of extrapulmonary effects of inhaled ENM. CONCLUSIONS In spite of recent insights on the relevance of the GIT as a target for toxic effects of nanoparticles, there is still a major gap in knowledge regarding the impact of the direct versus indirect oral exposure. This fact probably applies also to larger particles and dictates careful consideration in workers, who carry the highest risk of exposure to particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pietroiusti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Sciences and Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy
| | - Veruscka Leso
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Magrini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Miragoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Pedata
- Department of Experimental Medicine- Section of Hygiene, Occupational Medicine and Forensic Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Palombi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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13
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Sahu SC, Hayes AW. Toxicity of nanomaterials found in human environment. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/2397847317726352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The US National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) defines nanotechnology as “the understanding and control of matter at dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nm, where unique phenomena enable novel applications.” Recent scientific reports available in the literature clearly demonstrate the potential benefits of nanotechnology in consumer and industrial products. More and more nanomaterials are expected to be used in consumer products. This is expected to lead to increased human exposure to nanomaterials in their daily lives. Therefore, the effect of nanomaterials present in human environment is an area of increasing scientific interest. The information presented in this review is obtained from the current literature. It indicates that nanomaterials found in human environment may have potential for toxicological effects. However, the current literature on toxicological effects of nanomaterials is diverse. The current data are presented from studies without harmonization. These studies have used different in vitro and in vivo test models, different sources of test nanomaterials, different methods for nanomaterial characterization, and different experimental conditions. Therefore, these data are hard to interpret. More research on nanomaterial characterization, biological interaction, toxicity, and health effects is needed. The test methods need to be validated. Positive and negative controls for nanotoxicity need to be identified. Toxicity data harmonization needs to be done. Therefore, general information is not currently available for risk evaluation of certain nanomaterials that might be present in consumer products or that may enter into the market in future. Standardized and validated methods are necessary for toxicity assessment of nanomaterials. Therefore, in the absence of standardized validated methods any specific regulatory testing requirements for nanomaterials are currently premature. We conclude that the benefits of nanomaterials found currently in human environment are many, but their overall adverse effects on human health are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saura C Sahu
- Division of Applied Regulatory Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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14
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Roszak J, Domeradzka-Gajda K, Smok-Pieniążek A, Kozajda A, Spryszyńska S, Grobelny J, Tomaszewska E, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Cieślak M, Puchowicz D, Stępnik M. Genotoxic effects in transformed and non-transformed human breast cell lines after exposure to silver nanoparticles in combination with aluminium chloride, butylparaben or di-n-butylphthalate. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 45:181-193. [PMID: 28893613 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present study genotoxic effects after combined exposure of human breast cell lines (MCF-10A, MCF-7 and MDB-MB-231) to silver nanoparticles (AgNP, citrate stabilized, 15 and 45nm by STEM, Ag15 and Ag45, respectively) with aluminium chloride, butylparaben, or di-n-butylphthalate were studied. In MCF-10A cells exposed for 24h to Ag15 at the concentration of 23.5μg/mL a statistically significant increase in DNA damage in comet assay (SSB) was observed. In the presence of the test chemicals the genotoxic effect was decreased to a level comparable to control values. In MCF-7 cells a significant increase in SSB level was observed after exposure to Ag15 at 16.3μg/mL. The effect was also diminished in the presence of the three test chemicals. In MDA-MB-231 cells no significant increase in SSB was observed, however increased level of oxidative DNA damage (incubation with Fpg enzyme) was observed after exposure to combinations of both AgNP with aluminium chloride. No increase in micronuclei formation was observed in neither cell line after the single nor combined treatments. Our results point to a low risk of increased genotoxic effects of AgNP when used in combination with aluminium salts, butylparaben or di-n-butylphthalate in consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Roszak
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland
| | - K Domeradzka-Gajda
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland
| | - A Smok-Pieniążek
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland
| | - A Kozajda
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland
| | - S Spryszyńska
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland
| | - J Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, University of Łódź, Poland
| | - E Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, University of Łódź, Poland
| | - K Ranoszek-Soliwoda
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, University of Łódź, Poland
| | - M Cieślak
- Scientific Department of Unconventional Technologies and Textiles, Textile Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | - D Puchowicz
- Scientific Department of Unconventional Technologies and Textiles, Textile Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
| | - M Stępnik
- Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland.
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15
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Vogel KR, Ainslie GR, Roullet JB, McConnell A, Gibson KM. In vitro toxicological evaluation of NCS-382, a high-affinity antagonist of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) binding. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 40:196-202. [PMID: 28119166 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), a minor metabolite of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, can accumulate to significant concentrations in the heritable disorder of GABA degradation, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency (SSADHD). Moreover, GHB may be employed in therapeutic settings (treatment of narcolepsy), as well as instances of illicit activity, including acquaintance sexual assault and the induction of euphoria. High-affinity binding sites for GHB in the brain have been identified, although the absolute identity of these receptors remains unclear. Pharmacological antagonism of GHB binding may have multiple instances of therapeutic relevance. The high affinity GHB receptor antagonist, NCS-382 (6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-5H-benzo-cyclohept-6-ylideneacetic acid) has not been piloted in humans. To address the potential clinical utility of NCS-382, we have piloted initial studies of its toxicology in HepG2 and primary hepatocyte cells. At high dose (0.5mM), NCS-382 showed no capacity for inhibition of microsomal CYPs (CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4) and minimal potential for activation of xenobiotic nuclear receptors. Additional cellular integrity and functional assays (viability, oxidative stress, apoptosis, ATP production) revealed little evidence for cytotoxicity, and a low degree of dysregulation of >370 genes actively engaged in the mediation of cellular toxicity. In vitro testing indicates a low probability of cellular toxicity associated with NCS-382.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Vogel
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - G R Ainslie
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - J-B Roullet
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | | | - K M Gibson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States.
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