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Tratwal J, Falgayrac G, During A, Bertheaume N, Bataclan C, Tavakol DN, Campos V, Duponchel L, Daley GQ, Penel G, Chauveau C, Naveiras O. Raman microspectroscopy reveals unsaturation heterogeneity at the lipid droplet level and validates an in vitro model of bone marrow adipocyte subtypes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1001210. [PMID: 36506047 PMCID: PMC9727239 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) constitute the most abundant stromal component of adult human bone marrow. Two subtypes of BMAds have been described, the more labile regulated adipocytes (rBMAds) and the more stable constitutive adipocytes (cBMAds), which develop earlier in life and are more resilient to environmental and metabolic disruptions. In vivo, rBMAds are enriched in saturated fatty acids, contain smaller lipid droplets (LDs) and more readily provide hematopoietic support than their cBMAd counterparts. Mouse models have been used for BMAds research, but isolation of primary BMAds presents many challenges, and thus in vitro models remain the current standard to study nuances of adipocyte differentiation. No in vitro model has yet been described for the study of rBMAds/cBMAds. Here, we present an in vitro model of BM adipogenesis with differential rBMAd and cBMAd-like characteristics. We used OP9 BM stromal cells derived from a (C57BL/6xC3H)F2-op/op mouse, which have been extensively characterized as feeder layer for hematopoiesis research. We observed similar canonical adipogenesis transcriptional signatures for spontaneously-differentiated (sOP9) and induced (iOP9) cultures, while fatty acid composition and desaturase expression of Scd1 and Fads2 differed at the population level. To resolve differences at the single adipocyte level we tested Raman microspectroscopy and show it constitutes a high-resolution method for studying adipogenesis in vitro in a label-free manner, with resolution to individual LDs. We found sOP9 adipocytes have lower unsaturation ratios, smaller LDs and higher hematopoietic support than iOP9 adipocytes, thus functionally resembling rBMAds, while iOP9 more closely resembled cBMAds. Validation in human primary samples confirmed a higher unsaturation ratio for lipids extracted from stable cBMAd-rich sites (femoral head upon hip-replacement surgery) versus labile rBMAds (iliac crest after chemotherapy). As a result, the 16:1/16:0 fatty acid unsaturation ratio, which was already shown to discriminate BMAd subtypes in rabbit and rat marrow, was validated to discriminate cBMAds from rBMAd in both the OP9 model in vitro system and in human samples. We expect our model will be useful for cBMAd and rBMAd studies, particularly where isolation of primary BMAds is a limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Tratwal
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Falgayrac
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 4490 - MABLab- Marrow Adiposity Laboratory, Lille, France
| | - Alexandrine During
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 4490 - MABLab- Marrow Adiposity Laboratory, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Bertheaume
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 4490 - MABLab- Marrow Adiposity Laboratory, Lille, France
| | - Charles Bataclan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel N. Tavakol
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vasco Campos
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludovic Duponchel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRe - Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Lille, France
| | - George Q. Daley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Guillaume Penel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 4490 - MABLab- Marrow Adiposity Laboratory, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Chauveau
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 4490 - MABLab- Marrow Adiposity Laboratory, Lille, France
| | - Olaia Naveiras
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Olaia Naveiras,
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Vohra MS, Ahmad B, Serpell CJ, Parhar IS, Wong EH. Murine in vitro cellular models to better understand adipogenesis and its potential applications. Differentiation 2020; 115:62-84. [PMID: 32891960 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipogenesis has been extensively studied using in vitro models of cellular differentiation, enabling long-term regulation of fat cell metabolism in human adipose tissue (AT) material. Many studies promote the idea that manipulation of this process could potentially reduce the prevalence of obesity and its related diseases. It has now become essential to understand the molecular basis of fat cell development to tackle this pandemic disease, by identifying therapeutic targets and new biomarkers. This review explores murine cell models and their applications for study of the adipogenic differentiation process in vitro. We focus on the benefits and limitations of different cell line models to aid in interpreting data and selecting a good cell line model for successful understanding of adipose biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sufyan Vohra
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Christopher J Serpell
- School of Physical Sciences, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, United Kingdom.
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, PJ 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Eng Hwa Wong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Houhou R, Barman P, Schmitt M, Meyer T, Popp J, Bocklitz T. Deep learning as phase retrieval tool for CARS spectra. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:21002-21024. [PMID: 32680149 DOI: 10.1364/oe.390413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Finding efficient and reliable methods for the extraction of the phase in optical measurements is challenging and has been widely investigated. Although sophisticated optical settings, e.g. holography, measure directly the phase, the use of algorithmic methods has gained attention due to its efficiency, fast calculation and easy setup requirements. We investigated three phase retrieval methods: the maximum entropy technique (MEM), the Kramers-Kronig relation (KK), and for the first time deep learning using the Long Short-Term Memory network (LSTM). LSTM shows superior results for the phase retrieval problem of coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectra in comparison to MEM and KK.
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Karuna A, Masia F, Wiltshire M, Errington R, Borri P, Langbein W. Label-Free Volumetric Quantitative Imaging of the Human Somatic Cell Division by Hyperspectral Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2813-2821. [PMID: 30624901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying the chemical composition of unstained intact tissue and cellular samples with high spatio-temporal resolution in three dimensions would provide a step change in cell and tissue analytics critical to progress the field of cell biology. Label-free optical microscopy offers the required resolution and noninvasiveness, yet quantitative imaging with chemical specificity is a challenging endeavor. In this work, we show that hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy can be used to provide quantitative volumetric imaging of human osteosarcoma cells at various stages through cell division, a fundamental component of the cell cycle progress resulting in the segregation of cellular content to produce two progeny. We have developed and applied a quantitative data analysis method to produce volumetric three-dimensional images of the chemical composition of the dividing cell in terms of water, proteins, DNAP (a mixture of proteins and DNA, similar to chromatin), and lipids. We then used these images to determine the dry masses of the corresponding organic components. The attribution of proteins and DNAP components was validated using specific well-characterized fluorescent probes, by comparison with correlative two-photon fluorescence microscopy of DNA and mitochondria. Furthermore, we map the same chemical components under perturbed conditions, employing a drug that interferes directly with cell division (Taxol), showing its influence on cell organization and the masses of proteins, DNAP, and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnica Karuna
- School of Physics and Astronomy , Cardiff University , The Parade , Cardiff CF24 3AA , United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Masia
- School of Physics and Astronomy , Cardiff University , The Parade , Cardiff CF24 3AA , United Kingdom
| | - Marie Wiltshire
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine , Cardiff University , Heath Park , Cardiff CF14 4XN , United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Errington
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine , Cardiff University , Heath Park , Cardiff CF14 4XN , United Kingdom
| | - Paola Borri
- School of Biosciences , Cardiff University , Museum Avenue , Cardiff CF10 3AX , United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Langbein
- School of Physics and Astronomy , Cardiff University , The Parade , Cardiff CF24 3AA , United Kingdom
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