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Yamagishi M, Miyata K, Kamatani T, Kabata H, Baba R, Tanaka Y, Suzuki N, Matsusaka M, Motomura Y, Kiniwa T, Koga S, Goda K, Ohara O, Funatsu T, Fukunaga K, Moro K, Uemura S, Shirasaki Y. Quantitative live-cell imaging of secretion activity reveals dynamic immune responses. iScience 2024; 27:109840. [PMID: 38779479 PMCID: PMC11109006 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantification of cytokine secretion has facilitated advances in the field of immunology, yet the dynamic and varied secretion profiles of individual cells, particularly those obtained from limited human samples, remain obscure. Herein, we introduce a technology for quantitative live-cell imaging of secretion activity (qLCI-S) that enables high-throughput and dual-color monitoring of secretion activity at the single-cell level over several days, followed by transcriptome analysis of individual cells based on their phenotype. The efficacy of qLCI-S was demonstrated by visualizing the characteristic temporal pattern of cytokine secretion of group 2 innate lymphoid cells, which constitute less than 0.01% of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and by revealing minor subpopulations with enhanced cytokine production. The underlying mechanism of this feature was linked to the gene expression of stimuli receptors. This technology paves the way for exploring gene expression signatures linked to the spatiotemporal dynamic nature of various secretory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Yamagishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Live Cell Diagnosis, Ltd., Saitama 351-0022, Japan
| | - Kaede Miyata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamatani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of AI Technology Development, M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
- Division of Precision Cancer Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kabata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Rie Baba
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yumiko Tanaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nobutake Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masako Matsusaka
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Motomura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kiniwa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koga
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Keisuke Goda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Osamu Ohara
- KAZUSA DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Takashi Funatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Moro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Sotaro Uemura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Shirasaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Suckert C, Zosel C, Schaefer M. Simultaneous TIRF imaging of subplasmalemmal Ca 2+ dynamics and granule fusions in insulin-secreting INS-1 cells reveals coexistent synchronized and asynchronous release. Cell Calcium 2024; 120:102883. [PMID: 38643716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells is a tightly regulated process that is triggered in a Ca2+-dependent fashion and further positively modulated by substances that raise intracellular levels of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) or by certain antidiabetic drugs. In a previous study, we have temporally resolved the subplasmalemmal [Ca2+]i dynamics in beta cells that are characterized by trains of sharply delimited spikes, reaching peak values up to 5 µM. Applying total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and synaptopHluorin to visualize fusion events of individual granules, we found that several fusion events can coincide within 50 to 150 ms. To test whether subplasmalemmal [Ca2+]i microdomains around single or clustered Ca2+ channels may cause a synchronized release of insulin-containing vesicles, we applied simultaneous dual-color TIRF microscopy and monitored Ca2+ fluctuations and exocytotic events in INS-1 cells at high frame rates. The results indicate that fusions can be triggered by subplasmalemmal Ca2+ spiking. This, however, does account for a minority of fusion events. About 90 %-95 % of fusion events either happen between Ca2+ spikes or incidentally overlap with subplasmalemmal Ca2+ spikes. We conclude that only a fraction of exocytotic events in glucose-induced and tolbutamide- or forskolin-enhanced insulin release from INS-1 cells is tightly coupled to Ca2+ microdomains around voltage-gated Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Suckert
- Leipzig University, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig 04107, Germany
| | - Carolin Zosel
- Leipzig University, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig 04107, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Leipzig University, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig 04107, Germany.
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Raudszus R, Paulig A, Urban N, Deckers A, Gräßle S, Vanderheiden S, Jung N, Bräse S, Schaefer M, Hill K. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPV2 attenuates phagocytosis and lipopolysaccharide-induced migration of primary macrophages. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2736-2749. [PMID: 37254803 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In macrophages, transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channel contributes to various cellular processes such as cytokine production, differentiation, phagocytosis and migration. Due to a lack of selective pharmacological tools, its function in immunological processes is not well understood and the identification of novel and selective TRPV2 modulators is highly desirable. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Novel and selective TRPV2 modulators were identified by screening a compound library using Ca2+ influx assays with human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells heterologously expressing rat TRPV2. Hits were further characterized and validated with Ca2+ influx and electrophysiological assays. Phagocytosis and migration of macrophages were analysed and the contribution of TRPV2 to the generation of Ca2+ microdomains was studied by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM). KEY RESULTS The compound IV2-1, a dithiolane derivative (1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-4-methyl-5-phenylpentan-2-one), is a potent inhibitor of heterologously expressed TRPV2 channels (IC50 = 6.3 ± 0.7 μM) but does not modify TRPV1, TRPV3 or TRPV4 channels. IV2-1 also inhibits TRPV2-mediated Ca2+ influx in macrophages. IV2-1 inhibits macrophage phagocytosis along with valdecoxib and after siRNA-mediated knockdown. Moreover, TRPV2 inhibition inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced migration of macrophages whereas TRPV2 activation promotes migration. After activation, TRPV2 shapes Ca2+ microdomains predominantly at the margin of macrophages, which are important cellular regions to promote phagocytosis and migration. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS IV2-1 is a novel TRPV2-selective blocker and underline the role of TRPV2 in macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and migration. Furthermore, we provide evidence that TRPV2 activation generates Ca2+ microdomains, which may be involved in phagocytosis and migration of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Raudszus
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Paulig
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Urban
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Deckers
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Simone Gräßle
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sylvia Vanderheiden
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hill
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Zi J, Bi H. Fluorescence microscope light source based on integrated LED. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:224. [PMID: 37696803 PMCID: PMC10495340 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
An LED-integrated excitation cube (LEC) was designed to address the limitations of conventional fluorescence lamps. The LEC has a decentralized structure, high optical power density, and efficient illumination. The optical efficiency of LECs is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of mercury lamps, enabling high-quality fluorescence imaging with spectral coverage from UV to red. LECs can be easily installed on commercial fluorescence microscopes by replacing conventional fluorescence filter cubes, and a built-in LEC driver can identify the types of LEDs in different spectral bands to adopt optimal operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchen Zi
- Jihua Laboratory, No.28 Huandao South Road, Nanhai district, 528200, Foshan, China
| | - Hai Bi
- Jihua Laboratory, No.28 Huandao South Road, Nanhai district, 528200, Foshan, China.
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Kogel A, Fecher-Trost C, Wissenbach U, Flockerzi V, Schaefer M. Ca2+ transport via TRPV6 is regulated by rapid internalization of the channel. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102634. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Maier M, Olthoff S, Hill K, Zosel C, Magauer T, Wein LA, Schaefer M. KS0365, a novel activator of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) channel, accelerates keratinocyte migration. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:5290-5304. [PMID: 35916168 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ca2+ signalling mediated by the thermosensitive, non-selective, Ca2+ -permeable transient receptor potential channel TRPV3 is assumed to play a critical role in regulating several aspects of skin functions, such as keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, skin barrier formation and wound healing. Studying the function of TRPV3 in skin homeostasis, however, is still constrained by a lack of potent and selective pharmacological modulators of TRPV3. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH By screening an in-house compound library using fluorometric intracellular Ca2+ assays, we identified two chemically related hits. The more potent and efficient TRPV3 activator KS0365 was further evaluated in fluo-4-assisted Ca2+ assays, different Ca2+ imaging approaches, electrophysiological studies, cytotoxicity and migration assays. KEY RESULTS KS0365 activated recombinant and native mouse TRPV3 more potently and with a higher efficacy compared to 2-APB and did not activate TRPV1, TRPV2 or TRPV4 channels. The activation of TRPV3 by KS0365 super-additively accelerated the EGF-induced keratinocyte migration, which was inhibited by the TRP channel blocker ruthenium red or by siRNA-mediated TRPV3 knockdown. Moreover, KS0365 induced strong Ca2+ responses in migrating front cells and in leading edges of keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The selective TRPV3 activator KS0365 triggers increases in [Ca2+ ]i with most prominent signals in the leading edge, and accelerates migration of keratinocytes. TRPV3 activators may promote reepithelialization upon skin wounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Maier
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Olthoff
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hill
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carolin Zosel
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Magauer
- Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Anton Wein
- Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
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Langlhofer G, Kogel A, Schaefer M. Glucose-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations in β cells are composed of trains of spikes within a subplasmalemmal microdomain. Cell Calcium 2021; 99:102469. [PMID: 34509871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrical activity and oscillations of cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) that trigger insulin release in response to glucose are key functions of pancreatic β cells. Although oscillatory Ca2+ signals have been intensively studied in β cells, their lower frequency did not match that of electrical activity. In addition, the measured peak [Ca2+]i did not reach levels that are typically required by synaptotagmins to elicit the release of insulin-containing vesicles in live-cell experiments. We therefore sought to resolve the Ca2+ dynamics in the subplasmalemmal microdomain that is critical for triggering fast exocytosis. Applying total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy in insulin-producing INS-1E and primary mouse β cells, we resolved extraordinary fast trains of Ca2+ spiking (frequency > 3 s-1) in response to glucose exposure. Using a low-affinity [Ca2+]i indicator dye, we provide experimental evidence that Ca2+ spikes reach low micromolar apparent concentrations in the vicinity of the plasma membrane. Analysis of Ca2+ spikes evoked by repeated depolarization for 10 ms closely matched the Ca2+ dynamics observed upon glucose application. To our knowledge, this is the first study that experimentally demonstrates Ca2+ spikes in β cells with velocities that resemble those of bursting or continuously appearing trains of action potentials (APs) in non-patched cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Langlhofer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Kogel
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Croop B, Tang J, Han KY. Single-shot, shadowless total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy via annular fiber bundle. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:6470-6473. [PMID: 33258839 PMCID: PMC8323474 DOI: 10.1364/ol.411296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method of generating instantaneous and uniform total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) excitation by using an annular fiber bundle and spatially incoherent light sources. We show the flexibility of our method in that it can generate TIRF excitation with either a laser light source or an LED of different wavelengths, and facilitate switching between TIRF and epi illumination. In this report we detail the design of the fiber bundle, then demonstrate the performance via single-molecule imaging in the presence of high background and high throughput, and uniform TIRF imaging of cells over a large field of view. Our versatile method will enable quantitative shadowless TIRF imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Croop
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA
| | - Jialei Tang
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA
| | - Kyu Young Han
- CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA
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Schaefer M, Kalwa H. Theoretical background of light-emitting diode total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and photobleaching lifetime analysis of membrane-associated proteins-Part II. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960181. [PMID: 31965728 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The selective microscopic imaging of the plasma membrane and adjacent structures by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is a versatile and frequently used technique in cell biology. A reduction of imaging artifacts in objective-type TIRF microscopy can be achieved by circular or multi-spot laser illumination or by using noncoherent light sources that are projected into the back focal plane as a light annulus. Light-emitting diode (LED)-based TIRF excitation is a recent advancement of the latter strategy. While some basic principles of LED-TIRF remain the same as in laser-based methods, the calculation of penetration depth, the flatness of illumination and the amount of available illumination power differ. This study provides the theoretical framework for the construction and adjustment of LED-TIRF. Using state-of-the art high power LED emitters, LED-TIRF achieves excitation efficiencies that are comparable to laser-based systems and homogenously illuminate the entire field of view, thus, allowing variation of the penetration depth or quantitative photobleaching-assisted imaging protocols. Using autofluorescent transmembrane, soluble and membrane-attached fusion proteins, we provide examples for a photobleaching-based assessment of the exchange kinetics of proteins within living human endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hermann Kalwa
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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