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Liu H, Jiang H, Liu X, Wang X. Physicochemical understanding of biomineralization by molecular vibrational spectroscopy: From mechanism to nature. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20230033. [PMID: 38264681 PMCID: PMC10742219 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The process and mechanism of biomineralization and relevant physicochemical properties of mineral crystals are remarkably sophisticated multidisciplinary fields that include biology, chemistry, physics, and materials science. The components of the organic matter, structural construction of minerals, and related mechanical interaction, etc., could help to reveal the unique nature of the special mineralization process. Herein, the paper provides an overview of the biomineralization process from the perspective of molecular vibrational spectroscopy, including the physicochemical properties of biomineralized tissues, from physiological to applied mineralization. These physicochemical characteristics closely to the hierarchical mineralization process include biological crystal defects, chemical bonding, atomic doping, structural changes, and content changes in organic matter, along with the interface between biocrystals and organic matter as well as the specific mechanical effects for hardness and toughness. Based on those observations, the special physiological properties of mineralization for enamel and bone, as well as the possible mechanism of pathological mineralization and calcification such as atherosclerosis, tumor micro mineralization, and urolithiasis are also reviewed and discussed. Indeed, the clearly defined physicochemical properties of mineral crystals could pave the way for studies on the mechanisms and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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2
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Kichou H, Bonnier F, Dancik Y, Bakar J, Michael-Jubeli R, Caritá AC, Perse X, Soucé M, Rapetti L, Tfayli A, Chourpa I, Munnier E. Strat-M® positioning for skin permeation studies: A comparative study including EpiSkin® RHE, and human skin. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123488. [PMID: 37805151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
In the development and optimization of dermatological products, In Vitro Permeation Testing (IVPT) is pivotal for controlled study of skin penetration. To enhance standardization and replicate human skin properties reconstructed human skin and synthetic membranes are explored as alternatives. Strat-M® is a membrane designed to mimic the multi-layered structure of human skin for IVPT. For instance, in Strat-M®, the steady-state fluxes (JSS) of resorcinol in formulations free of permeation enhancers were found to be 41 ± 5 µg/cm2·h for the aqueous solution, 42 ± 6 µg/cm2·h for the hydrogel, and 40 ± 6 µg/cm2·h for the oil-in-water emulsion. These results were closer to excised human skin (5 ± 3, 9 ± 2, 13 ± 6 µg/cm2·h) and surpassed the performance of EpiSkin® RHE (138 ± 5, 142 ± 6, and 162 ± 11 µg/cm2·h). While mass spectrometry and Raman microscopy demonstrated the qualitative molecular similarity of EpiSkin® RHE to human skin, it was the porous and hydrophobic polymer nature of Strat-M® that more faithfully reproduced the skin's diffusion-limiting barrier. Further validation through similarity factor analysis (∼80-85%) underscored Strat-M®'s significance as a reliable substitute for human skin, offering a promising approach to enhance realism and reproducibility in dermatological product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Kichou
- Université de Tours, EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Franck Bonnier
- LVMH Recherche, 185 Av. de Verdun, 45800 Saint-Jean-de-Braye, France
| | - Yuri Dancik
- Certara UK Ltd., Simcyp Division, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2B1, UK
| | - Joudi Bakar
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lip(sys)(2) « Lipides, Systèmes Analytiques et Biologiques », 17 avenue des sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Rime Michael-Jubeli
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lip(sys)(2) « Lipides, Systèmes Analytiques et Biologiques », 17 avenue des sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Amanda C Caritá
- Université de Tours, EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Xavier Perse
- Université de Tours, EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Martin Soucé
- Université de Tours, EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Laetitia Rapetti
- Alphenyx, 430 avenue du Maréchal Lattre de Tassigny, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Ali Tfayli
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lip(sys)(2) « Lipides, Systèmes Analytiques et Biologiques », 17 avenue des sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Igor Chourpa
- Université de Tours, EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Emilie Munnier
- Université de Tours, EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France.
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Zolotas M, Schleusener J, Lademann J, Meinke MC, Kokolakis G, Darvin ME. Altered structure indicating reduced barrier function of lesional compared to non-lesional psoriatic skin-A non-invasive in vivo study of the human stratum corneum with confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1763-1773. [PMID: 37540053 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis, one of the most common skin diseases affecting roughly 2%-3% of the world population, is associated with a reduced skin barrier function (SBF) that might play an important role in its pathophysiology. The SBF is provided primarily by the stratum corneum (SC) of the skin. Previous studies have revealed a higher trans-epidermal water loss, lower hydration, abnormal concentration and composition of intercellular lipids, as well as alterations in secondary keratin structure in the psoriatic SC. We compared on molecular level lesional psoriatic skin (LPS) with non-lesional psoriatic skin (nLPS) from 19 patients non-invasively in vivo, using confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy. By analysing the corresponding Raman spectra, we determined SBF-defining parameters of the SC depth-dependently. Our results revealed a lower total lipid concentration, a shift of lamellar lipid organisation towards more gauche-conformers and an increase of the less dense hexagonal lateral packing of the intercellular lipids in LPS. Furthermore, we observed lower natural moisturising factor concentration, lower total water as well as a strong tendency towards less strongly bound and more weakly bound water molecules in LPS. Finally, we detected a less stable secondary keratin structure with increased β-sheets, in contrast to the tertiary structure, showing a higher degree of folded keratin in LPS. These findings clearly suggest structural differences indicating a reduced SBF in LPS, and are discussed in juxtaposition to preceding outcomes for psoriatic and healthy skin. Understanding the alterations of the psoriatic SC provides insights into the exact pathophysiology of psoriasis and paves the way for optimal future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zolotas
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schleusener
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georgios Kokolakis
- Psoriasis Research and Treatment Centre, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Zolotas M, Schleusener J, Lademann J, Meinke MC, Kokolakis G, Darvin ME. Atopic Dermatitis: Molecular Alterations between Lesional and Non-Lesional Skin Determined Noninvasively by In Vivo Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14636. [PMID: 37834083 PMCID: PMC10572245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD)/atopic eczema is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease affecting nearly 14% of the adult population. An important pathogenetic pillar in AD is the disrupted skin barrier function (SBF). The atopic stratum corneum (SC) has been examined using several methods, including Raman microspectroscopy, yet so far, there is no depth-dependent analysis over the entire SC thickness. Therefore, we recruited 21 AD patients (9 female, 12 male) and compared the lesional (LAS) with non-lesional atopic skin (nLAS) in vivo with confocal Raman microspectroscopy. Our results demonstrated decreased total intercellular lipid and carotenoid concentrations, as well as a shift towards decreased orthorhombic lateral lipid organisation in LAS. Further, we observed a lower concentration of natural moisturising factor (NMF) and a trend towards increased strongly bound and decreased weakly bound water in LAS. Finally, LAS showed an altered secondary and tertiary keratin structure, demonstrating a more folded keratin state than nLAS. The obtained results are discussed in comparison with healthy skin and yield detailed insights into the atopic SC structure. LAS clearly shows molecular alterations at certain SC depths compared with nLAS which imply a reduced SBF. A thorough understanding of these alterations provides useful information on the aetiology of AD and for the development/control of targeted topical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zolotas
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schleusener
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georgios Kokolakis
- Psoriasis Research and Treatment Centre, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Choe C, Schleusener J, Ri J, Choe S, Kim P, Lademann J, Darvin ME. Quantitative determination of concentration profiles of skin components and topically applied oils by tailored multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares using in vivo confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200219. [PMID: 36106843 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The main components of the stratum corneum (SC), water, lipids, and proteins, are non-homogeneously distributed throughout the depth. The quantitative determination of their concentration profiles and penetration depth of topically applied substances are urgent topics of dermatological and cosmetic research. Confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy has distinct advantages when determining semi-quantitative concentrations of SC components and topically applied substances non-invasively and in vivo. In this work, we applied a tailored multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (tMCR-ALS) method to analyze Raman spectra of the SC in the 2000-4000 cm-1 region for quantitatively determining the concentrations of water, lipids, proteins, and topically applied oils using substance-related spectral loadings which were allowed to change depth-dependently from the SC's surface toward its bottom. tMCR-ALS makes matching of depth-dependent signal attenuation, that is, the normalization on keratin, unnecessary and requires only a few additional experiments for calibration - Raman spectra of the pure materials and their densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunSik Choe
- Biomedical Materials Division, Faculty of Material Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Johannes Schleusener
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - JinSong Ri
- Biomedical Materials Division, Faculty of Material Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - SeHyok Choe
- Biomedical Materials Division, Faculty of Material Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
- Clinical Research Division, Pyongyang Cosmetic Research Institute, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - PokSil Kim
- Clinical Research Division, Pyongyang Cosmetic Research Institute, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Lee HJ, Park SR, Kwon DI, Park MS, Lim DH. Depth profiling of epidermal‐hydration inducing improvement of skin roughness and elasticity:
in vivo
study by confocal Raman spectroscopy. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4810-4817. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Darvin ME, Schleusener J, Lademann J, Choe CS. Current views on non-invasive in vivo determination of physiological parameters of the stratum corneum using confocal Raman microspectroscopy. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 35:125-136. [PMID: 35008092 DOI: 10.1159/000521416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Confocal Raman microspectroscopy is widely used in dermatology and cosmetology for analysis of the concentration of skin components (lipids, natural moisturizing factor molecules, water) and the penetration depth of cosmetic/medical formulations in the human stratum corneum (SC) in vivo. In recent years, it was shown that confocal Raman microspectroscopy can also be used for non-invasive in vivo depth-dependent determination of the physiological parameters of the SC, such as lamellar and lateral organization of intercellular lipids, folding properties of keratin, water mobility and hydrogen bonding states. The results showed that the strongest skin barrier function, which is primarily manifested by the orthorhombic organization of intercellular lipids, is provided at ≈20-40% SC depth, which is related to the maximal bonding state of water with surrounding components in the SC. The secondary and tertiary structures of keratin determine water binding in the SC, which is depth-dependent. This paper shows the technical possibility and advantage of confocal Raman microspectroscopy in non-invasive investigation of the skin and summarizes recent results on in vivo investigation of the human SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim E Darvin
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology (CCP), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schleusener
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology (CCP), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology (CCP), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chun-Sik Choe
- Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
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Liendl L, Schosserer M. Raman microspectroscopy: sub-cellular chemical imaging of aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24922-24923. [PMID: 34905502 PMCID: PMC8714148 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Liendl
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Skin Multimodal Imaging of Aging and Senescence, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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Burgess JL, Wyant WA, Abdo Abujamra B, Kirsner RS, Jozic I. Diabetic Wound-Healing Science. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:1072. [PMID: 34684109 PMCID: PMC8539411 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an increasingly prevalent chronic metabolic disease characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia that leads to long-term health consequences. It is estimated that impaired healing of diabetic wounds affects approximately 25% of all patients with diabetes mellitus, often resulting in lower limb amputation, with subsequent high economic and psychosocial costs. The hyperglycemic environment promotes the formation of biofilms and makes diabetic wounds difficult to treat. In this review, we present updates regarding recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic wounds focusing on impaired angiogenesis, neuropathy, sub-optimal chronic inflammatory response, barrier disruption, and subsequent polymicrobial infection, followed by current and future treatment strategies designed to tackle the various pathologies associated with diabetic wounds. Given the alarming increase in the prevalence of diabetes, and subsequently diabetic wounds, it is imperative that future treatment strategies target multiple causes of impaired healing in diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Robert S. Kirsner
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (J.L.B.); (W.A.W.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Ivan Jozic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (J.L.B.); (W.A.W.); (B.A.A.)
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