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Salih T, Caputo M, Ghorbel MT. Recent Advances in Hydrogel-Based 3D Bioprinting and Its Potential Application in the Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease. Biomolecules 2024; 14:861. [PMID: 39062575 PMCID: PMC11274841 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect, requiring invasive surgery often before a child's first birthday. Current materials used during CHD surgery lack the ability to grow, remodel, and regenerate. To solve those limitations, 3D bioprinting is an emerging tool with the capability to create tailored constructs based on patients' own imaging data with the ability to grow and remodel once implanted in children with CHD. It has the potential to integrate multiple bioinks with several cell types and biomolecules within 3D-bioprinted constructs that exhibit good structural fidelity, stability, and mechanical integrity. This review gives an overview of CHD and recent advancements in 3D bioprinting technologies with potential use in the treatment of CHD. Moreover, the selection of appropriate biomaterials based on their chemical, physical, and biological properties that are further manipulated to suit their application are also discussed. An introduction to bioink formulations composed of various biomaterials with emphasis on multiple cell types and biomolecules is briefly overviewed. Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis of prefabricated 3D-bioprinted structures and novel 4D printing technology are also summarized. Finally, we discuss several restrictions and our perspective on future directions in 3D bioprinting technologies in the treatment of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Salih
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK; (T.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimo Caputo
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK; (T.S.); (M.C.)
- Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Mohamed T. Ghorbel
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK; (T.S.); (M.C.)
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2
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Li ZL, Lu Q, Honiball JR, Wan SHT, Yeung KWK, Cheung KMC. Mechanical characterization and design of biomaterials for nucleus pulposus replacement and regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1888-1902. [PMID: 37555381 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials for nucleus pulposus (NP) replacement and regeneration have great potential to restore normal biomechanics in degenerated intervertebral discs following nucleotomy. Mechanical characterizations are essential for assessing the efficacy of biomaterial implants for clinical applications. While traditional compression tests are crucial to quantify various modulus values, relaxation behaviors and fatigue resistance, rheological measurements should also be conducted to investigate the viscoelastic properties, injectability, and overall stability upon deformation. To recapitulate the physiological in vivo environment, the use of spinal models is necessary to evaluate the risk of implant extrusion and the restoration of biomechanics under different loading conditions. When designing devices for NP replacement, injectable materials are ideal to fully fill the nucleus cavity and prevent implant migration. In addition to achieving biocompatibility and desirable mechanical characteristics, biomaterial implants should be optimized to avoid implant extrusion or re-herniation post-operatively. This review discusses the most commonly used testing protocols for assessing mechanical properties of biomaterial implants and serves as reference material for enabling researchers to characterize NP implants through a unified approach whereby newly developed biomaterials may be compared and contrasted to existing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqi Lucas Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiuji Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - John Robert Honiball
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sandra Hiu-Tung Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin Wai-Kwok Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kenneth Man-Chee Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Jarrah RM, Potes MDA, Vitija X, Durrani S, Ghaith AK, Mualem W, Zamanian C, Bhandarkar AR, Bydon M. Alginate hydrogels: A potential tissue engineering intervention for intervertebral disc degeneration. J Clin Neurosci 2023; 113:32-37. [PMID: 37159956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of low back pain and disability, affecting millions of people worldwide. Current treatments for IVD degeneration are limited to invasive surgery or pain management. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the use of biomaterials, such as alginate hydrogels, for the treatment of IVD degeneration. Alginate hydrogels are an example of such a biomaterial that is biocompatible and can be tailored to mimic the native extracellular matrix of the IVD. Derived from alginate, a naturally derived polysaccharide from brown seaweed that can be transformed into a gelatinous solution, alginate hydrogels are emerging in the field of tissue engineering. They can be used to deliver therapeutic agents, such as growth factors or cells, to the site of injury, providing a localized and sustained release that may enhance treatment outcomes. This paper provides an overview on the use of alginate hydrogels for the treatment of IVD degeneration. We discuss the properties of alginate hydrogels and their potential applications for IVD regeneration, including the mechanism against IVD degeneration. We also highlight the research outcomes to date along with the challenges and limitations of using alginate hydrogels for IVD regeneration, including their mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and surgical compatibility. Overall, this review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on alginate hydrogels for IVD degeneration and to identify future directions for research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Jarrah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Maria D Astudillo Potes
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xheneta Vitija
- Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sulaman Durrani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abdul Karim Ghaith
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William Mualem
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cameron Zamanian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Archis R Bhandarkar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Lupu A, Gradinaru LM, Gradinaru VR, Bercea M. Diversity of Bioinspired Hydrogels: From Structure to Applications. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050376. [PMID: 37232968 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks with a variety of structures and functions that have a remarkable ability to absorb huge amounts of water or biological fluids. They can incorporate active compounds and release them in a controlled manner. Hydrogels can also be designed to be sensitive to external stimuli: temperature, pH, ionic strength, electrical or magnetic stimuli, specific molecules, etc. Alternative methods for the development of various hydrogels have been outlined in the literature over time. Some hydrogels are toxic and therefore are avoided when obtaining biomaterials, pharmaceuticals, or therapeutic products. Nature is a permanent source of inspiration for new structures and new functionalities of more and more competitive materials. Natural compounds present a series of physico-chemical and biological characteristics suitable for biomaterials, such as biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. Thus, they can generate microenvironments comparable to the intracellular or extracellular matrices in the human body. This paper discusses the main advantages of the presence of biomolecules (polysaccharides, proteins, and polypeptides) in hydrogels. Structural aspects induced by natural compounds and their specific properties are emphasized. The most suitable applications will be highlighted, including drug delivery, self-healing materials for regenerative medicine, cell culture, wound dressings, 3D bioprinting, foods, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lupu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luiza Madalina Gradinaru
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Robert Gradinaru
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 11 Carol I Bd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Bercea
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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Vanaclocha A, Vanaclocha V, Atienza CM, Clavel P, Jordá-Gómez P, Barrios C, Vanaclocha L. Bionate ® nucleus disc replacement: bench testing comparing two different designs. J Orthop Traumatol 2023; 24:13. [PMID: 37041425 PMCID: PMC10090247 DOI: 10.1186/s10195-023-00692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc nucleus degeneration initiates a degenerative cascade and can induce chronic low back pain. Nucleus replacement aims to replace the nucleus while the annulus is still intact. Over time, several designs have been introduced, but the definitive solution continues to be elusive. Therefore, we aimed to create a new nucleus replacement that replicates intact intervertebral disc biomechanics, and thus has the potential for clinical applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two implants with an outer ring and one (D2) with an additional midline strut were compared. Static and fatigue tests were performed with an INSTRON 8874 following the American Society for Testing and Materials F2267-04, F2346-05, 2077-03, D2990-01, and WK4863. Implant stiffness was analyzed at 0-300 N, 500-2000 N, and 2000-6000 N and implant compression at 300 N, 1000 N, 2000 N, and 6000 N. Wear tests were performed following ISO 18192-1:2008 and 18192-2:2010. GNU Octave software was used to calculate movement angles and parameters. The statistical analysis package R was used with the Deducer user interface. Statistically significant differences between the two designs were analyzed with ANOVA, followed by a post hoc analysis. RESULTS D1 had better behavior in unconfined compression tests, while D2 showed a "jump." D2 deformed 1 mm more than D1. Sterilized implants were more rigid and deformed less. Both designs showed similar behavior under confined compression and when adding shear. A silicone annulus minimized differences between the designs. Wear under compression fatigue was negligible for D1 but permanent for D2. D1 suffered permanent height deformation but kept its width. D2 suffered less height loss than D1 but underwent a permanent width deformation. Both designs showed excellent responses to compression fatigue with no breaks, cracks, or delamination. At 10 million cycles, D2 showed 3-times higher wear than D1. D1 had better and more homogeneous behavior, and its wear was relatively low. It showed good mechanical endurance under dynamic loading conditions, with excellent response to axial compression fatigue loading without functional failure after long-term testing. CONCLUSION D1 performed better than D2. Further studies in cadaveric specimens, and eventually in a clinical setting, are recommended. Level of evidence 2c.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos M Atienza
- Instituto de Biomecánica (IBV), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Grupo de Tecnología Sanitaria (GTS-IBV), Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia-CIBER BBN, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Clavel
- Instituto Clavel, Hospital Quironsalud Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Barrios
- Catholic University of Valencia, Saint Vincent Martyr, Valencia, Spain
| | - Leyre Vanaclocha
- Catholic University of Valencia, Saint Vincent Martyr, Valencia, Spain
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Vanaclocha A, Vanaclocha V, Atienza CM, Clavel P, Jordá-Gómez P, Barrios C, Saiz-Sapena N, Vanaclocha L. Bionate Lumbar Disc Nucleus Prosthesis: Biomechanical Studies in Cadaveric Human Spines. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46501-46514. [PMID: 36570209 PMCID: PMC9774399 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
DESIGN cadaveric spine nucleus replacement study. OBJECTIVE determining Bionate 80A nucleus replacement biomechanics in cadaveric spines. METHODS in cold preserved spines, with ligaments and discs intact, and no muscles, L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 nucleus implantation was done. Differences between customized and overdimensioned implants were compared. Flexion, extension, lateral bending, and torsion were measured in the intact spine, nucleotomy, and nucleus implantation specimens. Increasing load or bending moment was applied four times at 2, 4, 6, and 8 Nm, twice in increasing mode and twice in decreasing mode. Spine motion was recorded using stereophotogrammetry. Expulsion tests: cyclic compression of 50-550 N for 50,000 cycles, increasing the load until there was extreme flexion, implant extrusion, or anatomical structure collapse. Subsidence tests were done by increasing the compression to 6000 N load. RESULTS nucleotomy increased the disc mobility, which remained unchanged for the adjacent upper level but increased for the lower adjacent one, particularly in lateral bending and torsion. Nucleus implantation, compared to nucleotomy, reduced disc mobility except in flexion-extension and torsion, but intact mobility was no longer recovered, with no effect on upper or lower adjacent segments. The overdimensioned implant, compared to the customized implant, provided equal or sometimes higher mobility. Lamina, facet joint, and annulus removal during nucleotomy caused more damaged than that restored by nucleus implantation. No implant extrusion was observed under compression loads of 925-1068 N as anatomical structures collapsed before. No subsidence or vertebral body fractures were observed under compression loads of 6697.8-6812.3 N. CONCLUSIONS nucleotomized disc and L1-S1 mobility increased moderately after cadaveric spine nucleus implantation compared to the intact status, partly due to operative anatomical damage. Our implant had shallow expulsion and subsidence risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Vanaclocha
- Biomechanical
Engineer, Biomechanics Institute of Valencia, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | | | - Carlos M. Atienza
- Biomechanical
Engineer, Biomechanics Institute of Valencia, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Pablo Clavel
- Instituto
Clavel, Hospital Quironsalud Barcelona, Barcelona 08023, Spain
| | - Pablo Jordá-Gómez
- Hospital
General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón de la Plana 12004, Spain
| | - Carlos Barrios
- Catholic
University of Valencia, Saint Vincent Martyr, Valencia 46001, Spain
| | | | - Leyre Vanaclocha
- Medius
Klinik, Ostfildern-Ruit Klinik für Urologie, Hedelfinger Strasse 166, Ostfildern 73760, Germany
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Jarrah R, Sammak SE, Onyedimma C, Ghaith AK, Moinuddin F, Bhandarkar AR, Siddiqui A, Madigan N, Bydon M. The Role of Alginate Hydrogels as a Potential Treatment Modality for Spinal Cord Injury: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Neurospine 2022; 19:272-280. [PMID: 35793929 PMCID: PMC9260541 DOI: 10.14245/ns.2244186.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To comprehensively characterize the utilization of alginate hydrogels as an alternative treatment modality for spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods An extensive review of the published literature on studies using alginate hydrogels to treat SCI was performed. The review of the literature was performed using electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and OVID MEDLINE electronic databases. The keywords used were “alginate,” “spinal cord injury,” “biomaterial,” and “hydrogel.”
Results In the literature, we identified a total of 555 rat models that were treated with alginate scaffolds for regenerative biomarkers. Alginate hydrogels were found to be efficient and promising substrates for tissue engineering, drug delivery, neural regeneration, and cellbased therapies for SCI repair. With its ability to act as a pro-regenerative and antidegenerative agent, the alginate hydrogel has the potential to improve clinical outcomes.
Conclusion The emerging developments of alginate hydrogels as treatment modalities may support current and future tissue regenerative strategies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Jarrah
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sally El Sammak
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chiduziem Onyedimma
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abdul Karim Ghaith
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - F.M. Moinuddin
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Archis R. Bhandarkar
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ahad Siddiqui
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Corresponding Author Mohamad Bydon Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Fatimi A, Okoro OV, Podstawczyk D, Siminska-Stanny J, Shavandi A. Natural Hydrogel-Based Bio-Inks for 3D Bioprinting in Tissue Engineering: A Review. Gels 2022; 8:179. [PMID: 35323292 PMCID: PMC8948717 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is well acknowledged to constitute an important technology in tissue engineering, largely due to the increasing global demand for organ replacement and tissue regeneration. In 3D bioprinting, which is a step ahead of 3D biomaterial printing, the ink employed is impregnated with cells, without compromising ink printability. This allows for immediate scaffold cellularization and generation of complex structures. The use of cell-laden inks or bio-inks provides the opportunity for enhanced cell differentiation for organ fabrication and regeneration. Recognizing the importance of such bio-inks, the current study comprehensively explores the state of the art of the utilization of bio-inks based on natural polymers (biopolymers), such as cellulose, agarose, alginate, decellularized matrix, in 3D bioprinting. Discussions regarding progress in bioprinting, techniques and approaches employed in the bioprinting of natural polymers, and limitations and prospects concerning future trends in human-scale tissue and organ fabrication are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fatimi
- Department of Chemistry, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, P.O. Box 592 Mghila, Beni-Mellal 23000, Morocco
- ERSIC, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, P.O. Box 592 Mghila, Beni-Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- 3BIO-BioMatter, École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50-CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (O.V.O.); (J.S.-S.)
| | - Daria Podstawczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Julia Siminska-Stanny
- 3BIO-BioMatter, École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50-CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (O.V.O.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Amin Shavandi
- 3BIO-BioMatter, École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50-CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (O.V.O.); (J.S.-S.)
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Yamada K, Iwasaki N, Sudo H. Biomaterials and Cell-Based Regenerative Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration with a Focus on Biological and Biomechanical Functional Repair: Targeting Treatments for Disc Herniation. Cells 2022; 11:602. [PMID: 35203253 PMCID: PMC8870062 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common cause of low back pain and most spinal disorders. As IVD degeneration is a major obstacle to the healthy life of so many individuals, it is a major issue that needs to be overcome. Currently, there is no clinical treatment for the regeneration of degenerated IVDs. However, recent advances in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering suggest the potential of cell-based and/or biomaterial-based IVD regeneration therapies. These treatments may be indicated for patients with IVDs in the intermediate degenerative stage, a point where the number of viable cells decreases, and the structural integrity of the disc begins to collapse. However, there are many biological, biomechanical, and clinical challenges that must be overcome before the clinical application of these IVD regeneration therapies can be realized. This review summarizes the basic research and clinical trials literature on cell-based and biomaterial-based IVD regenerative therapies and outlines the important role of these strategies in regenerative treatment for IVD degenerative diseases, especially disc herniation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhisa Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (K.Y.); (N.I.)
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Spine and Spinal Cord Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (K.Y.); (N.I.)
| | - Hideki Sudo
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Spine and Spinal Cord Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Zamanian C, Bhandarkar AR, Monie DD, Moinuddin FM, Vile RG, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Bydon M. Systems neuroimmunology: a review of multiomics methodologies to characterize neuroimmunological interactions in spinal and cranial diseases. Neurosurg Focus 2022; 52:E9. [PMID: 35104798 DOI: 10.3171/2021.11.focus21571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimmunology plays a critical role in our understanding of the pathophysiological processes that underlie a variety of diseases treated by neurosurgeons, including degenerative disc disease (DDD), glioblastoma (GBM), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and others. Compared with traditional methods in neuroimmunology, which study one pathway or gene at a time, emerging multiomics methodologies allow for holistic interrogation of multiple immune-signaling pathways to test hypotheses and the effects of therapeutics at a systems level. In this review, the authors summarize key concepts for gathering and analyzing multiomics data so that neurosurgeons can contribute to the emerging field of systems neuroimmunology. Additionally, they describe 3 use cases, based on original research published by their group and others, that utilize transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses to study immune-signaling pathways in DDD, aSAH, and GBM. Through these use cases, techniques for performing machine learning and network-based analyses to generate new clinical insights from multiomics data are shared. The authors hope that neurosurgeons might use this review as a summary of common tools and principles in systems immunology to better engage in creating the immunotherapies of tomorrow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Archis R Bhandarkar
- 1Neuro-Informatics Laboratory.,2Department of Neurosurgery.,5Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Dileep D Monie
- 2Department of Neurosurgery.,4Department of Immunology, and.,5Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - F M Moinuddin
- 1Neuro-Informatics Laboratory.,2Department of Neurosurgery
| | | | | | - Mohamad Bydon
- 1Neuro-Informatics Laboratory.,2Department of Neurosurgery
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Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Na0.67MnO2 Cathode for Na-Ion Batteries Prepared with Novel Tetrabutylammonium Alginate Binder. BATTERIES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/batteries8010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Both the binder and solid–electrolyte interface play an important role in improving the cycling stability of electrodes for Na-ion batteries. In this study, a novel tetrabutylammonium (TBA) alginate binder is used to prepare a Na0.67MnO2 electrode for sodium-ion batteries with improved electrochemical performance. The ageing of the electrodes is characterized. TBA alginate-based electrodes are compared to polyvinylidene fluoride- (PVDF) and Na alginate-based electrodes and show favorable electrochemical performance, with gravimetric capacity values of up to 164 mAh/g, which is 6% higher than measured for the electrode prepared with PVDF binder. TBA alginate-based electrodes also display good rate capability and improved cyclability. The solid–electrolyte interface of TBA alginate-based electrodes is similar to that of PVDF-based electrodes. As the only salt of alginic acid soluble in non-aqueous solvents, TBA alginate emerges as a good alternative to PVDF binder in battery applications where the water-based processing of electrode slurries is not feasible, such as the demonstrated case with Na0.67MnO2.
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Qu P, Li Y, Huang H, Chen J, Yu Z, Huang J, Wang H, Gao B. Urea formaldehyde modified alginate beads with improved stability and enhanced removal of Pb 2+, Cd 2+, and Cu 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122664. [PMID: 32339875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Urea formaldehyde (UF) was grafted onto the backbone of alginate to prepare microbeads as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The expensive alginate was crosslinked with cheaper UF at different ratios (1: 2.5∼1: 12.5) to produce sturdy alginate-UF beads at lower cost. Characterization results showed that UF modification enhanced the pore network and structural stability of the beads, which can be attributed to the reduced intermolecular forces and plentiful of nitrogen and oxygen donor atoms of the beads. The swelling of air-dried alginate-UF beads in different solutions was much lower than that of the unmodified alginate beads, confirming the improved stability. The replacement of alginate with UF at different ratios either did not affect or increased the adsorption of heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+) on the beads. For example, the adsorption capacities of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ on air-dried alginate-UF (1: 2.5) beads were 1.66, 0.61, and 0.80 mmol/g, which were 39.88%, 9.29%, and 9.52% higher than those of the corresponding unmodified alginate beads, respectively. The adsorption of heavy metals on the alginate-UF beads was mainly controlled by ion exchange, complexation, and electrostatic interaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qu
- Recycling Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Crop and livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210014, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32606, USA; Soil and Water Science Department, Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA
| | - Yuncong Li
- Soil and Water Science Department, Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA
| | - Hongying Huang
- Recycling Agriculture Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Crop and livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210014, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research & Education Center, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, 32703, USA
| | - Zebin Yu
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Hualan Design & Consulting Group Co. Ltd., Nanning, 530011, China; College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32606, USA.
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Deo KA, Singh KA, Peak CW, Alge DL, Gaharwar AK. Bioprinting 101: Design, Fabrication, and Evaluation of Cell-Laden 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:318-338. [PMID: 32079490 PMCID: PMC7480731 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting is an additive manufacturing technique that recapitulates the native architecture of tissues. This is accomplished through the precise deposition of cell-containing bioinks. The spatiotemporal control over bioink deposition permits for improved communication between cells and the extracellular matrix, facilitates fabrication of anatomically and physiologically relevant structures. The physiochemical properties of bioinks, before and after crosslinking, are crucial for bioprinting complex tissue structures. Specifically, the rheological properties of bioinks determines printability, structural fidelity, and cell viability during the printing process, whereas postcrosslinking of bioinks are critical for their mechanical integrity, physiological stability, cell survival, and cell functions. In this review, we critically evaluate bioink design criteria, specifically for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting techniques, to fabricate complex constructs. The effects of various processing parameters on the biophysical and biochemical characteristics of bioinks are discussed. Furthermore, emerging trends and future directions in the area of bioinks and bioprinting are also highlighted. Graphical abstract [Figure: see text] Impact statement Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting is an emerging additive manufacturing approach for fabricating cell-laden tissue engineered constructs. This review critically evaluates bioink design criteria to fabricate complex tissue constructs. Specifically, pre- and post-printing evaluation approaches are described, as well as new research directions in the field of bioink development and functional bioprinting are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaivalya A. Deo
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kanwar Abhay Singh
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Charles W. Peak
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Daniel L. Alge
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Akhilesh K. Gaharwar
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Superabsorbent polymers: A review on the characteristics and applications of synthetic, polysaccharide-based, semi-synthetic and ‘smart’ derivatives. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Raheem HM, Bay B, Rochefort S. Viscoelastic properties of a novel hydrogel/foam composites for nucleus pulposus replacement. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0855-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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16
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Fredrick R, Podder A, Viswanathan A, Bhuniya S. Synthesis and characterization of polysaccharide hydrogel based on hydrophobic interactions. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Fredrick
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials ScienceAmrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore, 641112 India
| | - Arup Podder
- Amrita Centre for Industrial Research and InnovationAmrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore, 641112 India
| | - Aparna Viswanathan
- Center for Nanoscience and Molecular medicineAmrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Ponekkara Cochin, 682041 Kerala India
| | - Sankarprasad Bhuniya
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials ScienceAmrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore, 641112 India
- Amrita Centre for Industrial Research and InnovationAmrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore, 641112 India
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17
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Fatimi A. Chitosan-based embolizing hydrogel for the treatment of endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2018.1525729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fatimi
- Department of Chemistry, Facuté Polydisciplinaire, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Béni-Mellal, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Béni-Mellal, Morocco
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18
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Leone G, Consumi M, Lamponi S, Bonechi C, Tamasi G, Donati A, Rossi C, Magnani A. Thixotropic PVA hydrogel enclosing a hydrophilic PVP core as nucleus pulposus substitute. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 98:696-704. [PMID: 30813074 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A thixotropic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, containing a hydrophilic poly-vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) core, was obtained in order to develop a preformed 3D network able to maintain injectability. PVA was mixed with PVP in two different molar ratios (1:1 and 1:3) and chemically cross-linked using trisodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), which is able to react only with PVA component. A combination of Time of Flight- Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), elemental analysis and UV spectroscopy permitted to determine both the cross-linking arm length and the crosslinking degree. Hydrogels were characterized in terms of swelling pressurization, rheological and mechanical behaviour. In particular, the viscoelastic behaviour of the hydrogel was analysed in shear and compression stress under dynamic conditions and compared with the performance of healthy human nucleus pulposus. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that the scaffold obtained mixing PVA and PVP in a molar ratio 1:1 can be considered a promising material to be utilised in the replacement of nucleus pulposus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Leone
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Marco Consumi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefania Lamponi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudia Bonechi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tamasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Donati
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudio Rossi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Agnese Magnani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy; INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy.
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19
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Bernardini G, Leone G, Millucci L, Consumi M, Braconi D, Spiga O, Galderisi S, Marzocchi B, Viti C, Giorgetti G, Lupetti P, Magnani A, Santucci A. Homogentisic acid induces morphological and mechanical aberration of ochronotic cartilage in alkaptonuria. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6696-6708. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Gemma Leone
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Lia Millucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Marco Consumi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Daniela Braconi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Silvia Galderisi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Barbara Marzocchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
- UOC Patologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese Siena Italy
| | - Cecilia Viti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Giovanna Giorgetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Pietro Lupetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Agnese Magnani
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy
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20
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Leone G, Consumi M, Lamponi S, Bonechi C, Tamasi G, Donati A, Rossi C, Magnani A. Hybrid PVA-xanthan gum hydrogels as nucleus pulposus substitutes. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2018.1482468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Leone
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- INSTM, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Consumi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- INSTM, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Lamponi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- INSTM, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Bonechi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- CSGI, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tamasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- CSGI, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Donati
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- CSGI, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudio Rossi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- CSGI, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Operative Unit, University of Siena, Calabria, Italy
| | - Agnese Magnani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- INSTM, Florence, Italy
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21
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Thermo-sensitive injectable glycol chitosan-based hydrogel for treatment of degenerative disc disease. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 184:342-353. [PMID: 29352928 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of injectable hydrogel formulations have been suggested as a promising strategy for the treatment of degenerative disc disease to both restore the biomechanical function and reduce low back pain. In this work, a new thermo-sensitive injectable hydrogels with tunable thermo-sensitivity and enhanced stability were developed with N-hexanoylation of glycol chitosan (GC) for treatment of degenerative disc disease, and their physico-chemical and biological properties were evaluated. The sol-gel transition temperature of the hydrogels was controlled in a range of 23-56 °С, depending on the degree of hexanoylation and the polymer concentration. In vitro and in vivo tests showed no cytotoxicity and no adverse effects in a rat model. The hydrogel filling of the defective IVD site in an ex vivo porcine model maintained its stability for longer than 28 days. These results suggest that the hydrogel can be used as an alternative material for treatment of disc herniation.
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22
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Rahmani V, Elshereef R, Sheardown H. Optimizing electrostatic interactions for controlling the release of proteins from anionic and cationically modified alginate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 117:232-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Axpe E, Oyen ML. Applications of Alginate-Based Bioinks in 3D Bioprinting. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1976. [PMID: 27898010 PMCID: PMC5187776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17121976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is on the cusp of permitting the direct fabrication of artificial living tissue. Multicellular building blocks (bioinks) are dispensed layer by layer and scaled for the target construct. However, only a few materials are able to fulfill the considerable requirements for suitable bioink formulation, a critical component of efficient 3D bioprinting. Alginate, a naturally occurring polysaccharide, is clearly the most commonly employed material in current bioinks. Here, we discuss the benefits and disadvantages of the use of alginate in 3D bioprinting by summarizing the most recent studies that used alginate for printing vascular tissue, bone and cartilage. In addition, other breakthroughs in the use of alginate in bioprinting are discussed, including strategies to improve its structural and degradation characteristics. In this review, we organize the available literature in order to inspire and accelerate novel alginate-based bioink formulations with enhanced properties for future applications in basic research, drug screening and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneko Axpe
- Nanoscience Centre, Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK.
| | - Michelle L Oyen
- Nanoscience Centre, Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK.
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24
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Yeh MK, Liang YM, Hu CS, Cheng KM, Hung YW, Young JJ, Hong PD. Studies on a novel gelatin sponge: preparation and characterization of cross-linked gelatin scaffolds using 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide as a zero-length cross-linker. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 23:973-90. [PMID: 21549037 DOI: 10.1163/092050611x568430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We prepared a novel porous gelatin (GEL) sponge which was cross-linked (CL) with a zero-length crosslinker of 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide (CMPI), and compared CPMI with 1-ethyl-3,3-dimethylaminoproplycarbodiimide (EDC). The ninhydrin assay indicated that the CMPI-CL-GEL sponge had a higher degree of cross-linking than the EDC-CL-GEL sponge at cross-linking saturation. In contrast, the EDC-CL-GEL sponge demonstrated poor water uptake and a much slower enzymatic degradation rate than the CMPI-CL-GEL sponge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the gelatin sponge fabricated using a gradient frozen-lyophilization method showed uniformly distributed and interconnected pores. Human 3T3 fibroblasts were successfully seeded onto the scaffolds, and cell proliferation was sustained on all CL-GEL sponges. CMPI-CL-GEL sponges demonstrated significantly increased cell numbers after day 1, and cell numbers steadily rose from day 1 to 12. Meanwhile, the CMPI-CL-GEL sponge had a higher cell number than the EDC-CL-GEL sponge (P < 0.05) by day 4. In vitro studies with 3T3 fibroblasts demonstrated an increased cell viability for those cells grown on sponges cross-linked with CMPI compared to those cross-linked with EDC. SEM images revealed attachment and spreading of cells, the CMPI-CL-GEL sponges had more cells that had elongated, migrated, and formed interconnected networks with neighboring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kung Yeh
- a Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, PO Box 90048-700, Sanhsia, Taipei 237, Taiwan, ROC
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25
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Schleeh T, Madau M, Roessner D. Two competing reactions of tetrabutylammonium alginate in organic solvents: Amidation versus γ-lactone synthesis. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 138:244-51. [PMID: 26794759 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatibility and thickening properties predetermine alginates as ingredients in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Further chemical modifications are often desired for a product optimization. The introduction of hydrophobic groups can be realized by employing organic tetrabutylammonium alginate (TBA-Alg) solutions. The synthesis of alginic acid alkyl amides from TBA-Alg with 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide (CMPI) as a coupling agent, however, has so far not resulted in a high degree of amidation. The analysis of the coupling reaction revealed the formation of mannuronic acid γ-lactone structures, which required a conformation change from (1)C4 to (4)C1. The opening of the γ-lactone required a high excess of butylamine. In the case of CMPI, triethylamine had to be added prior to the coupling agent in order to suppress the assumed alginic acid formation. The degrees of amidation achieved were up to 0.8, and for propylphosphonic anhydride as the coupling agent up to 1. The molecular weights of the alginic acid butyl amide were ≥35kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schleeh
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Mathieu Madau
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Dierk Roessner
- Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 12a, D-56307 Dernbach, Germany
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26
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Sivashanmugam A, Arun Kumar R, Vishnu Priya M, Nair SV, Jayakumar R. An overview of injectable polymeric hydrogels for tissue engineering. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Nair MB, Baranwal G, Vijayan P, Keyan KS, Jayakumar R. Composite hydrogel of chitosan-poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) with chondroitin sulfate nanoparticles for nucleus pulposus tissue engineering. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:84-92. [PMID: 26363270 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration, occurring mainly in nucleus pulposus (NP), is a leading cause of low back pain. In seeking to mitigate this condition, investigators in the field of NP tissue engineering have increasingly studied the use of hydrogels. However, these hydrogels should possess appropriate mechanical strength and swelling pressure, and concurrently support the proliferation of chondrocyte-like cells. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a composite hydrogel for NP tissue engineering, made of chitosan-poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (CP) with chondroitin sulfate (CS) nanoparticles, without using a cross linker. The water uptake ability, as well as the viscoelastic properties of this composite hydrogel, was similar to native tissue, as reflected in the complex shear modulus and stress relaxation values. The hydrogel could withstand varying stress corresponding to daily activities like lying down (0.01 MPa), sitting (0.5 MPa) and standing (1.0 MPa) under dynamic conditions. The hydrogels were stable in PBS for 2 weeks and its stiffness, elastic and viscous modulus did not alter significantly during this period. Both CP and CP-CS hydrogels could assist the viability and adhesion of adipose derived rat mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). The viability and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs was significantly enhanced in presence of CS nanoparticles. Thus, CS nanoparticles-incorporated chitosan-PHBV hydrogels offer great potential for NP tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manitha B Nair
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India.
| | - Gaurav Baranwal
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Prajuna Vijayan
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Kripa S Keyan
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - R Jayakumar
- Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India.
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28
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Xu B, Xu H, Wu Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Ma X, Yang Q. Intervertebral Disc Tissue Engineering with Natural Extracellular Matrix-Derived Biphasic Composite Scaffolds. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124774. [PMID: 25894203 PMCID: PMC4404358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has provided an alternative therapeutic possibility for degenerative disc diseases. However, we lack an ideal scaffold for IVD tissue engineering. The goal of this study is to fabricate a novel biomimetic biphasic scaffold for IVD tissue engineering and evaluate the feasibility of developing tissue-engineered IVD in vitro and in vivo. In present study we developed a novel integrated biphasic IVD scaffold using a simple freeze-drying and cross-linking technique of pig bone matrix gelatin (BMG) for the outer annulus fibrosus (AF) phase and pig acellular cartilage ECM (ACECM) for the inner nucleus pulposus (NP) phase. Histology and SEM results indicated no residual cells remaining in the scaffold that featured an interconnected porous microstructure (pore size of AF and NP phase 401.4 ± 13.1 μm and 231.6 ± 57.2 μm, respectively). PKH26-labeled AF and NP cells were seeded into the scaffold and cultured in vitro. SEM confirmed that seeded cells could anchor onto the scaffold. Live/dead staining showed that live cells (green fluorescence) were distributed in the scaffold, with no dead cells (red fluorescence) being found. The cell-scaffold constructs were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice and cultured for 6 weeks in vivo. IVD-like tissue formed in nude mice as confirmed by histology. Cells in hybrid constructs originated from PKH26-labeled cells, as confirmed by in vivo fluorescence imaging system. In conclusion, the study demonstrates the feasibility of developing a tissue-engineered IVD in vivo with a BMG- and ACECM-derived integrated AF-NP biphasic scaffold. As well, PKH26 fluorescent labeling with in vivo fluorescent imaging can be used to track cells and analyse cell--scaffold constructs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshan Xu
- Department of minimally invasive spine surgery, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jie Fang Nan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Department of minimally invasive spine surgery, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jie Fang Nan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaohong Wu
- Department of minimally invasive spine surgery, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jie Fang Nan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300070, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiulan Li
- Cell Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Cell Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Department of minimally invasive spine surgery, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jie Fang Nan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (QY); (XM)
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of minimally invasive spine surgery, Tianjin Hospital, 406 Jie Fang Nan Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300070, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (QY); (XM)
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Naqvi SM, Buckley CT. Differential Response of Encapsulated Nucleus Pulposus and Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Isolation and Coculture in Alginate and Chitosan Hydrogels. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:288-99. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Masooma Naqvi
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor Timothy Buckley
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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30
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Daemi H, Barikani M. Molecular engineering of manipulated alginate-based polyurethanes. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 112:638-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Jeong CG, Francisco AT, Niu Z, Mancino RL, Craig SL, Setton LA. Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:3421-30. [PMID: 24859415 PMCID: PMC4145863 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications. A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism. The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD). A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD. Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro. Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters. Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels. All cells formed more multi-cell clusters upon any HA-PEG composite hydrogel as compared to gelatin substrates. Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire G Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Zhenbin Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert L Mancino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Lori A Setton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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A simple approach for morphology tailoring of alginate particles by manipulation ionic nature of polyurethanes. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 66:212-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bidarra SJ, Barrias CC, Granja PL. Injectable alginate hydrogels for cell delivery in tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1646-62. [PMID: 24334143 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogels are extremely versatile and adaptable biomaterials, with great potential for use in biomedical applications. Their extracellular matrix-like features have been key factors for their choice as vehicles for cell delivery strategies aimed at tissue regeneration. A variety of strategies to decorate them with biofunctional moieties and to modulate their biophysical properties have been developed recently, which further allow their tailoring to the desired application. Additionally, their potential use as injectable materials offers several advantages over preformed scaffold-based approaches, namely: easy incorporation of therapeutic agents, such as cells, under mild conditions; minimally invasive local delivery; and high contourability, which is essential for filling in irregular defects. Alginate hydrogels have already been explored as cell delivery systems to enhance regeneration in different tissues and organs. Here, the in vitro and in vivo potential of injectable alginate hydrogels to deliver cells in a targeted fashion is reviewed. In each example, the selected crosslinking approach, the cell type, the target tissue and the main findings of the study are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia J Bidarra
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Pedro L Granja
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Vadalà G, Russo F, Di Martino A, Denaro V. Intervertebral disc regeneration: from the degenerative cascade to molecular therapy and tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 9:679-90. [PMID: 23512973 DOI: 10.1002/term.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is one of the major health problems in industrialized countries, as a leading source of disability in the working population. Intervertebral disc degeneration has been identified as its main cause, being a progressive process mainly characterized by alteration of extracellular matrix composition and water content. Many factors are involved in the degenerative cascade, such as anabolism/catabolism imbalance, reduction of nutrition supply and progressive cell loss. Currently available treatments are symptomatic, and surgical procedures consisting of disc removal are often necessary. Recent advances in our understanding of intervertebral disc biology led to an increased interest in the development of novel biological treatments aimed at disc regeneration. Growth factors, gene therapy, stem cell transplantation and biomaterials-based tissue engineering might support intervertebral disc regeneration by overcoming the limitation of the self-renewal mechanism. The aim of this paper is to overview the literature discussing the current status of our knowledge from the degenerative cascade of the intervertebral disc to the latest molecular, cell-based therapies and tissue-engineering strategies for disc regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Vadalà
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Russo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Martino
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
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Leckie SK, Sowa GA, Bechara BP, Hartman RA, Coelho JP, Witt WT, Dong QD, Bowman BW, Bell KM, Vo NV, Kramer BC, Kang JD. Injection of human umbilical tissue-derived cells into the nucleus pulposus alters the course of intervertebral disc degeneration in vivo. Spine J 2013; 13:263-72. [PMID: 23384411 PMCID: PMC4868072 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Patients often present to spine clinic with evidence of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). If conservative management fails, a safe and effective injection directly into the disc might be preferable to the risks and morbidity of surgery. PURPOSE To determine whether injecting human umbilical tissue-derived cells (hUTC) into the nucleus pulposus (NP) might improve the course of IDD. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, blinded placebo-controlled in vivo study. PATIENT SAMPLE Skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits. OUTCOME MEASURES Degree of IDD based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biomechanics, and histology. METHODS Thirty skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits were used in a previously validated rabbit annulotomy model for IDD. Discs L2-L3, L3-L4, and L4-L5 were surgically exposed and punctured to induce degeneration and then 3 weeks later the same discs were injected with hUTC with or without a hydrogel carrier. Serial MRIs obtained at 0, 3, 6, and 12 weeks were analyzed for evidence of degeneration qualitatively and quantitatively via NP area and MRI Index. The rabbits were sacrificed at 12 weeks and discs L4-L5 were analyzed histologically. The L3-L4 discs were fixed to a robotic arm and subjected to uniaxial compression, and viscoelastic displacement curves were generated. RESULTS Qualitatively, the MRIs demonstrated no evidence of degeneration in the control group over the course of 12 weeks. The punctured group yielded MRIs with the evidence of disc height loss and darkening, suggestive of degeneration. The three treatment groups (cells alone, carrier alone, or cells+carrier) generated MRIs with less qualitative evidence of degeneration than the punctured group. MRI Index and area for the cell and the cell+carrier groups were significantly distinct from the punctured group at 12 weeks. The carrier group generated MRI data that fell between control and punctured values but failed to reach a statistically significant difference from the punctured values. There were no statistically significant MRI differences among the three treatment groups. The treated groups also demonstrated viscoelastic properties that were distinct from the control and punctured values, with the cell curve more similar to the punctured curve and the carrier curve and carrier+cells curve more similar to the control curve (although no creep differences achieved statistical significance). There was some histological evidence of improved cellularity and disc architecture in the treated discs compared with the punctured discs. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of degenerating rabbit intervertebral discs with hUTC in a hydrogel carrier solution might help restore the MRI, histological, and biomechanical properties toward those of nondegenerated controls. Treatment with cells in saline or a hydrogel carrier devoid of cells also might help restore some imaging, architectural, and physical properties to the degenerating disc. These data support the potential use of therapeutic cells in the treatment of disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Leckie
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Chan SCW, Bürki A, Bonél HM, Benneker LM, Gantenbein-Ritter B. Papain-induced in vitro disc degeneration model for the study of injectable nucleus pulposus therapy. Spine J 2013; 13:273-83. [PMID: 23353003 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Proteolytic enzyme digestion of the intervertebral disc (IVD) offers a method to simulate a condition of disc degeneration for the study of cell-scaffold constructs in the degenerated disc. PURPOSE To characterize an in vitro disc degeneration model (DDM) of different severities of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and water loss by using papain, and to determine the initial response of the human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) introduced into this DDM. STUDY DESIGN Disc degeneration model of a bovine disc explant with an end plate was induced by the injection of papain at various concentrations. Labeled MSCs were later introduced in this model. METHODS Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS control) or papain in various concentrations (3, 15, 30, 60, and 150 U/mL) were injected into the bovine caudal IVD explants. Ten days after the injection, GAG content of the discs was evaluated by dimethylmethylene blue assay and cell viability was determined by live/dead staining together with confocal microscopy. Overall matrix composition was evaluated by histology, and water content was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. Compressive and torsional stiffness of the DDM were also recorded. In the second part, MSCs were labeled with a fluorescence cell membrane tracker and injected into the nucleus of the DDM or a PBS control. Mesenchymal stem cell viability and distribution were evaluated by confocal microscopy. RESULTS A large drop of GAG and water content of the bovine disc were obtained by injecting >30 U/mL papain. Magnetic resonance imaging showed Grade II, III, and IV disc degeneration by injecting 30, 60, and 150 U/mL papain. A cavity in the center of the disc could facilitate later injection of the nucleus pulposus tissue engineering construct while retaining an intact annulus fibrosus. The remaining disc cell viability was not affected. Mesenchymal stem cells injected into the protease-treated DDM disc showed significantly higher cell viability than when injected into the PBS-injected control disc. CONCLUSIONS By varying the concentration of papain for injection, an increasing amount of GAG and water loss could be induced to simulate the different severities of disc degeneration. MSC suspension introduced into the disc has a very low short-term survival. However, it should be clear that this bovine IVD DDM does not reflect a clinical situation but offers exciting possibilities to test novel tissue engineering protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C W Chan
- Tissue & Organ Mechanobiology, Institute of Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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37
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Chejara DR, Kondaveeti S, Prasad K, Siddhanta AK. Studies on the structure–property relationship of sodium alginate based thixotropic hydrogels. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43070g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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38
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Renani HB, Ghorbani M, Beni BH, Karimi Z, Mirhosseini MM, Zarkesh H, Kabiri A. Determination and comparison of specifics of nucleus pulposus cells of human intervertebral disc in alginate and chitosan-gelatin scaffolds. Adv Biomed Res 2012; 1:81. [PMID: 23326811 PMCID: PMC3544085 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.102996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low back pain is a major economical and social problem nowadays. Intervertebral disc herniation and central degeneration of disc are two major reasons of low back pain that occur because of structural impairment of disc. The intervertebral disc contains three parts as follows : Annulus fibrosus, transitional region, and nucleus pulposus, which forms the central nucleus of the disc. The reduction of cell count and extracellular matrix, especially in nucleus pulposus, causes disc degeneration. Different scaffolds (natural and synthetic) have been used for tissue repairing and regeneration of the intervertebral disc in tissue engineering. Most scaffolds have biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics and also prepare a fine condition for proliferation and migration of cells. In this study, proliferation of NP cells of human intervertebral disc compromised in Chitosan-gelatin scaffold with alginate scaffold was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS NP cells derived from nucleus pulposus by collagenase enzymatic hydrolysis. They were derived from patients who undergoing open surgery for discectomy in the Isfahan Alzahra hospital. Chitosan was blended with gelatin and glutaraldehyde was used for cross linking the two polymers. Then, alginate scaffold was prepared. Cellular suspension with 1 × 10(5) transferred to each scaffold and cultured for 21 days. Cell viability and proliferation investigated by trypan blue and (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to assert the porosity and to survey structure of scaffold. RESULTS MTT assay dem1onstrated that cell viability of third day had significant difference in contrast by first day in both scaffolds. Accordingly, there was a significant decreased in cellular viability from day 3 to 21. Results of the cell count showed a punctual elevation cell numbers for alginate scaffold but there was no similar result for chitosan-gelatin scaffold. CONCLUSION Alginate scaffold prepared a better condition for proliferation of NP cells in comparison with chitosan-gelatin scaffold. Results of this study suggest that alginate scaffold could be useful in in vivo studies and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masood Ghorbani
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan, Iran
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy, New Productions School, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Z Karimi
- Medicine School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - MM Mirhosseini
- Medicine School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - H Zarkesh
- Department of Immunology, Medicine School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - A Kabiri
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan, Iran
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39
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Hydrogel-Based Platforms for the Regeneration of Osteochondral Tissue and Intervertebral Disc. Polymers (Basel) 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/polym4031590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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40
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Alginate derivatization: A review of chemistry, properties and applications. Biomaterials 2012; 33:3279-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 983] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Hu J, Chen B, Guo F, Du J, Gu P, Lin X, Yang W, Zhang H, Lu M, Huang Y, Xu G. Injectable silk fibroin/polyurethane composite hydrogel for nucleus pulposus replacement. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:711-22. [PMID: 22231270 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In degenerative disc disease, an injectable hydrogel can fill a degenerate area completely, reduce the risk of implant migration and subsequent loss of height of the intervertebral disc, and minimise surgical defects. Here, we propose a method of preparing an injectable silk fibroin/polyurethane (SF/PU) composite hydrogel by chemical cross-linking under physiological conditions. Mechanical testing was used to determine the mechanical strength of the hydrogel. The impact of hydrogel height on the biomechanical properties was discussed to estimate the working capacity of the hydrogel for further clinical application. Rheological properties were also examined to assess the practical ability of the hydrogel for clinical application. Hydrogel injection and cell assessment is also of interest for clinical application. An SF/PU composite hydrogel can be injected through a small incision. A cell proliferation assay using bone marrow stromal cells showed positive cell viability and increased proliferation over a seven-day period in culture. Importantly, the hydrogel can be monitored in real-time using X-ray fluoroscopy during and after surgery according to the results of X-ray fluoroscopy examination, and shows good visibility based on X-ray assays. In particular, the hydrogel offers the clinically important advantage of visibility in CT and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Based on the results of the current study, the SF/AU composite hydrogel may offer several advantages for future application in nucleus pulposus replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingen Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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42
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Bron JL, Mulder HW, Vonk LA, Doulabi BZ, Oudhoff MJ, Smit TH. Migration of intervertebral disc cells into dense collagen scaffolds intended for functional replacement. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:813-821. [PMID: 22218929 PMCID: PMC3299969 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Invasion of cells from surrounding tissues is a crucial step for regeneration when using a-cellular scaffolds as a replacement of the nucleus pulposus (NP). The aim of current study was to assess whether NP and surrounding annulus fibrosus (AF) cells are capable of migrating into dense collagen scaffolds. We seeded freshly harvested caprine NP and AF cells onto scaffolds consisting of 1.5 and 3.0% type I collagen matrices, prepared by plastic compression, to assess cell invasion. The migration distance appeared both time and density dependent and was higher for NP (25%) compared to AF (10%) cells after 4 weeks. Migration distance was not enhanced by Hst-2, a peptide derived from saliva known to enhance fibroblast migration, and this was confirmed in a scratch assay. In conclusion, we revealed invasion of cells into dense collagen scaffolds and therewith encouraging first steps towards the use of a-cellular scaffolds for NP replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes L Bron
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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43
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Gupta MS, Cooper ES, Nicoll SB. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 3 Stimulates Cartilage Matrix Elaboration by Human Marrow-Derived Stromal Cells Encapsulated in Photocrosslinked Carboxymethylcellulose Hydrogels: Potential for Nucleus Pulposus Replacement. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:2903-10. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S. Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Elana S. Cooper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Steven B. Nicoll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York
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44
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Pawar SN, Edgar KJ. Chemical Modification of Alginates in Organic Solvent Systems. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:4095-103. [DOI: 10.1021/bm201152a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhesh N. Pawar
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute
Department
of Wood Science and Forest Products Institute for Critical Technology
and Applied Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg,
Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Kevin J. Edgar
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute
Department
of Wood Science and Forest Products Institute for Critical Technology
and Applied Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg,
Virginia 24061, United States
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45
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Cenni E, Scioscia L, Baldini N. Orthopaedic research in italy: state of the art. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011; 24:157-78. [PMID: 21669157 DOI: 10.1177/03946320110241s230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The most significant results in experimental and clinical orthopaedic research in Italy within the last three years have been primarily in major congenital diseases, bone tumors, regenerative medicine, joint replacements, spine, tendons and ligaments. The data presented in the following discussion is comparable with leading international results, highlighting Italian orthopaedic research excellemce as well as its shortcomings.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cenni
- Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Bron JL, Vonk LA, Smit TH, Koenderink GH. Engineering alginate for intervertebral disc repair. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2011; 4:1196-205. [PMID: 21783128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Alginate is frequently studied as a scaffold for intervertebral disc (IVD) repair, since it closely mimics mechanical and cell-adhesive properties of the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the IVD. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between alginate concentration and scaffold stiffness and find preparation conditions where the viscoelastic behaviour mimics that of the NP. In addition, we measured the effect of variations in scaffold stiffness on the expression of extracellular matrix molecules specific to the NP (proteoglycans and collagen) by native NP cells. We prepared sample discs of different concentrations of alginate (1%-6%) by two different methods, diffusion and in situ gelation. The stiffness increased with increasing alginate concentration, while the loss tangent (dissipative behaviour) remained constant. The diffusion samples were ten-fold stiffer than samples prepared by in situ gelation. Sample discs prepared from 2% alginate by diffusion closely matched the stiffness and loss tangent of the NP. The stiffness of all samples declined upon prolonged incubation in medium, especially for samples prepared by diffusion. The biosynthetic phenotype of native cells isolated from NPs was preserved in alginate matrices up to 4 weeks of culturing. Gene expression levels of extracellular matrix components were insensitive to alginate concentration and corresponding matrix stiffness, likely due to the poor adhesiveness of the cells to alginate. In conclusion, alginate can mimic the viscoelastic properties of the NP and preserve the biosynthetic phenotype of NP cells but certain limitations like long-term stability still have to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes L Bron
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Collin EC, Grad S, Zeugolis DI, Vinatier CS, Clouet JR, Guicheux JJ, Weiss P, Alini M, Pandit AS. An injectable vehicle for nucleus pulposus cell-based therapy. Biomaterials 2011; 32:2862-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yeh MK, Liang YM, Cheng KM, Dai NT, Liu CC, Young JJ. A novel cell support membrane for skin tissue engineering: Gelatin film cross-linked with 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gloria A, Borzacchiello A, Causa F, Ambrosio L. Rheological Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid Derivatives as Injectable Materials Toward Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2010; 26:745-59. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328210387174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) is the soft center of the intervertebral disc (IVD), able to resist compressive loads, while the annulus fibrosus withstands tension and gives mechanical strength. NP function may be altered as consequence of several pathologies or injury and when a damaged IVD does not properly play its role. In the past years, a great effort has been devoted to the design of injectable systems as NP substitutes. The different synthetic- and natural hydrogel-based materials proposed, present many drawbacks and, in particular, they do not seem to mimic the required behavior. In the search for natural-based systems a dodecylamide of hyaluronic acid (HA), HYADD3®, has been proved as bioactive and suitable vehicle to carry cells for NP tissue engineering, while a crosslinked HA ester, HYAFF120® showed interesting results if used as injectable acellular material. Even though these derivatives showed appropriate biological behavior up to now, data on mechanical behavior of these derivatives are still missing. In this frame, the aim of this study was to provide a rheological characterization of these HA derivatives to asses their biomechanical compatibility with the NP tissue. To this, the rheological properties of these derivatives were studied through dynamic shear tests before and after injection through needles used in the current surgical procedure. Both HA derivatives showed a ‘gel-like’ rheological behavior similar to the native NP tissue and this behavior was not altered by injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gloria
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Borzacchiello
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Causa
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
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Hsieh AH, Yoon ST. Update on the pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease and new developments in treatment strategies. Open Access J Sports Med 2010; 1:191-9. [PMID: 24198557 PMCID: PMC3781869 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s9057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) continues to be a prevalent condition that afflicts populations on a global scale. The economic impact and decreased quality of life primarily stem from back pain and neurological deficits associated with intervertebral disc degeneration. Although much effort has been invested into understanding the etiology of DDD and its relationship to the onset of back pain, this endeavor is a work in progress. The purpose of this review is to provide focused discussion on several areas in which recent advances have been made. Specifically, we have categorized these advances into early, middle, and late phases of age-related or degenerative changes in the disc and into promising minimally invasive treatments, which aim to restore mechanical and biological functions to the disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Hsieh
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Tim Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Emory University, Chief of Orthopedic Surgery, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
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