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Alallam B, Doolaanea AA, Kyaw Oo M, Mohd Nasir MH, Taher M. Influence of nanoparticles surface coating on physicochemical properties for CRISPR gene delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Electrosprayed Alginate Nanoparticles as CRISPR Plasmid DNA Delivery Carrier: Preparation, Optimization, and Characterization. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13080158. [PMID: 32707857 PMCID: PMC7465179 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic gene editing is becoming more feasible with the emergence of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system. However, the successful implementation of CRISPR/Cas9-based therapeutics requires a safe and efficient in vivo delivery of the CRISPR components, which remains challenging. This study presents successful preparation, optimization, and characterization of alginate nanoparticles (ALG NPs), loaded with two CRISPR plasmids, using electrospray technique. The aim of this delivery system is to edit a target gene in another plasmid (green fluorescent protein (GFP)). The effect of formulation and process variables were evaluated. CRISPR ALG NPs showed mean size and zeta potential of 228 nm and −4.42 mV, respectively. Over 99.0% encapsulation efficiency was achieved while preserving payload integrity. The presence of CRISPR plasmids in the ALG NPs was confirmed by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The tests revealed that the nanoparticles were cytocompatible and successfully introduced the Cas9 transgene in HepG2 cells. Nanoparticles-transfected HepG2 was able to edit its target plasmid by introducing double-strand break (DSB) in GFP gene, indicating the bioactivity of CRISPR plasmids encapsulated in alginate nanoparticles. This suggests that this method is suitable for biomedical application in vitro or ex vivo. Future investigation of theses nanoparticles might result in nanocarrier suitable for in vivo delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 system.
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Shen H, Huang X, Min J, Le S, Wang Q, Wang X, Dogan AA, Liu X, Zhang P, Draz MS, Xiao J. Nanoparticle Delivery Systems for DNA/RNA and their Potential Applications in Nanomedicine. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2507-2523. [PMID: 31775591 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191024170212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology has a great influence on the fields of biology, physiology, and medicine. Over recent years, nanoparticles have been widely presented as nanocarriers to help the delivery of gene, drugs, and other therapeutic agents with cellular targeting ability. Advances in the understanding of gene delivery and RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapy have brought increasing attention to understanding and tackling complex genetically related diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, autoimmune diseases and infections. The combination of nanocarriers and DNA/RNA delivery may potentially improve their safety and therapeutic efficacy. However, there still exist many challenges before this approach can be practiced in the clinic. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary on the types of nanoparticle systems used as nanocarriers, highlight the current use of nanocarriers in recombinant DNA and RNAi molecules delivery, and the current landscape of gene-based nanomedicine-ranging from diagnosis to therapeutics. Finally, we briefly discuss the biosafety concerns and limitations in the preclinical and clinical development of nanoparticle gene systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Changhai Road 168#, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shiguan Le
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Asli Aybike Dogan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed S Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.,Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
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Liu Y, Sun C, Li W, Adu-Frimpong M, Wang Q, Yu J, Xu X. Preparation and Characterization of Syringic Acid-Loaded TPGS Liposome with Enhanced Oral Bioavailability and In Vivo Antioxidant Efficiency. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:98. [PMID: 30719694 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, syringic acid-loaded TPGS liposome (SA-TPGS-Ls) was successfully prepared to improve oral bioavailability of syringic acid (SA). SA is a natural and notable antioxidant activity compound with its limited bioavailability ascribable to its poor aqueous solubility and fast elimination. Recently, TPGS has become a perfect molecular biomaterial in developing several carrier systems with sustained, controlled, and targeted the drug delivery. SA-TPGS-Ls was prepared via thin-film dispersion method and characterized in terms of particle size, stability, morphology, and encapsulation efficiency (EE). The results showed that SA-TPGS-Ls had regular spherical-shaped nanoparticles with EE of 96.48 ± 0.76%. The pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated a delayed MRT and prolonged t1/2, while relative oral bioavailability increased by 2.8 times. Tissue distribution showed that SA-TPGS-Ls maintained liver drug concentration while delayed elimination was also observed in the kidney. In CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity study, the activities of hepatic T-AOC, GSH-Px, CAT, GSH, and SOD were greatly elevated, while serum biological markers ALT, AST, and AKP were reduced after treatment of mice with SA-TPGS-Ls. Histopathological studies confirmed that SA-TPGS-Ls could remarkably improve the status of hepatic tissues. Collectively, SA-TPGS-Ls significantly improved the drug encapsulation efficiency, stability coupled with bioavailability of SA, hence increasing in vivo antioxidant activity of the drug.
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Yu Q, Chen J, Deng W, Cao X, Adu-Frimpong M, Yu J, Xu X. Neural differentiation of fibroblasts induced by intracellular co-delivery of Ascl1, Brn2 and FoxA1 via a non-viral vector of cationic polysaccharide. Biomed Mater 2017; 13:015022. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa8962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yu Q, Chen J, Deng W, Cao X, Wang Y, Zhou J, Xu W, Du P, Wang Q, Yu J, Xu X. Direct reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts into neural cells via Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide based high efficient gene co-delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:82. [PMID: 29137640 PMCID: PMC5686901 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cell source for transplantation therapy is always a prerequisite question to be solved in clinical applications. Neural cells are considered non-regenerable, which highly restrict their application in the treatment for nerve injury. Therefore, neural trans-differentiation based on gene transfection provides a new solution to this issue. Compared to viral strategy, non-viral gene delivery systems are considered as a more promising way to achieve this aim. This study centers on a novel application of Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide as a non-viral gene carrier for the neural trans-differentiation of mouse fibroblasts. RESULTS Ethanediamine modified P. yezoensis polysaccharide (Ed-PYP) served as a gene carrier and a group of plasmids that encode Ascl1, Brn4, and Tcf3 (pABT) self-assembled into nanoparticles. Results demonstrated that Ed-PYP-pABT nanoparticles at Ed-PYP: pABT weight ratio of 40:1 was the optimal candidate for gene delivery. ELISA assay revealed the highest expression levels of NGF, BDNF and SHH at 14 days after last transfection. Immunofluorescence and western blot assays also showed robust expression of neural markers including Nestin, GFAP, β-3tubulin, NF200, GAP43 and MAP2, in induced 3T6 cells at this time point. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings indicated that the P. yezoensis polysaccharide-based non-viral gene co-delivery system is a promising strategy for the generation of neural cells, which might facilitate the developments in the recovery of neural injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtong Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 People’s Republic of China
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Wu L, Xie J, Li T, Mai Z, Wang L, Wang X, Chen T. Gene delivery ability of polyethylenimine and polyethylene glycol dual-functionalized nanographene oxide in 11 different cell lines. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:170822. [PMID: 29134085 PMCID: PMC5666268 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We recently developed a polyethylenimine (PEI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) dual-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (GO) (PEG-nrGO-PEI, RGPP) for high-efficient gene delivery in HepG2 and Hela cell lines. To evaluate the feasibility and applicability of RGPP as a gene delivery carrier, we here assessed the transfection efficiency of RGPP on gene plasmids and siRNA in 11 different cell lines. Commercial polyalkyleneimine cation transfection reagent (TR) was used as comparison. In HepG2 cells, RGPP exhibited much stronger delivery ability for siRNA and large size plasmids than TR. For green fluorescent protein (GFP) plasmid, RGPP showed about 47.1% of transfection efficiency in primary rabbit articular chondrocytes, and about 27% of transfection efficiency in both SH-SY5Y and A549 cell lines. RGPP exhibited about 37.2% of GFP plasmid transfection efficiency in EMT6 cells and about 26.0% of GFP plasmid transfection efficiency in LO2 cells, but induced about 33% of cytotoxicity in both cell lines. In 4T1 and H9C2 cell lines, RGPP had less than 10% of GFP plasmid transfection efficiency. Collectively, RGPP is a potential nano-carrier for high-efficiency gene delivery, and needs to be further optimized for different cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshan Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Mai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongsheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Wang HX, Li M, Lee CM, Chakraborty S, Kim HW, Bao G, Leong KW. CRISPR/Cas9-Based Genome Editing for Disease Modeling and Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities for Nonviral Delivery. Chem Rev 2017. [PMID: 28640612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genome editing offers promising solutions to genetic disorders by editing DNA sequences or modulating gene expression. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology can be used to edit single or multiple genes in a wide variety of cell types and organisms in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we review the rapidly developing CRISPR/Cas9-based technologies for disease modeling and gene correction and recent progress toward Cas9/guide RNA (gRNA) delivery based on viral and nonviral vectors. We discuss the relative merits of delivering the genome editing elements in the form of DNA, mRNA, or protein, and the opportunities of combining viral delivery of a transgene encoding Cas9 with nonviral delivery of gRNA. We highlight the lessons learned from nonviral gene delivery in the past three decades and consider their applicability for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery. We also include a discussion of bioinformatics tools for gRNA design and chemical modifications of gRNA. Finally, we consider the extracellular and intracellular barriers to nonviral CRISPR/Cas9 delivery and propose strategies that may overcome these barriers to realize the clinical potential of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Ciaran M Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Syandan Chakraborty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) and Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University , Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
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9
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Part I: Minicircle vector technology limits DNA size restrictions on ex vivo gene delivery using nanoparticle vectors: Overcoming a translational barrier in neural stem cell therapy. J Control Release 2016; 238:289-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Part II: Functional delivery of a neurotherapeutic gene to neural stem cells using minicircle DNA and nanoparticles: Translational advantages for regenerative neurology. J Control Release 2016; 238:300-310. [PMID: 27369863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Both neurotrophin-based therapy and neural stem cell (NSC)-based strategies have progressed to clinical trials for treatment of neurological diseases and injuries. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in particular can confer neuroprotective and neuro-regenerative effects in preclinical studies, complementing the cell replacement benefits of NSCs. Therefore, combining both approaches by genetically-engineering NSCs to express BDNF is an attractive approach to achieve combinatorial therapy for complex neural injuries. Current genetic engineering approaches almost exclusively employ viral vectors for gene delivery to NSCs though safety and scalability pose major concerns for clinical translation and applicability. Magnetofection, a non-viral gene transfer approach deploying magnetic nanoparticles and DNA with magnetic fields offers a safe alternative but significant improvements are required to enhance its clinical application for delivery of large sized therapeutic plasmids. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of using minicircles with magnetofection technology to safely engineer NSCs to overexpress BDNF. Primary mouse NSCs overexpressing BDNF generated increased daughter neuronal cell numbers post-differentiation, with accelerated maturation over a four-week period. Based on our findings we highlight the clinical potential of minicircle/magnetofection technology for therapeutic delivery of key neurotrophic agents.
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Yu Q, Cao J, Chen B, Deng W, Cao X, Chen J, Wang Y, Wang S, Yu J, Xu X, Gao X. Efficient gene delivery to human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by cationized Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7097-107. [PMID: 26604758 PMCID: PMC4655959 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s93122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study centered on an innovative application of Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide (PPS) with cationic modification as a safe and efficient nonviral gene vector to deliver a plasmid encoding human Wnt3a (pWnt3a) into human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs). After modification with branched low-molecular-weight (1,200 Da) polyethylenimine, the cationized PPS (CPPS) was combined with pWnt3a to form spherical nanoscale particles (CPPS-pWnt3a nanoparticles). Particle size and distribution indicated that the CPPS-pWnt3a nanoparticles at a CPPS:pWnt3a weight ratio of 40:1 might be a potential candidate for DNA plasmid transfection. A cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the nanoparticles prepared at a CPPS:pWnt3a weight ratio of 40:1 were nontoxic to HUMSCs compared to those of Lipofectamine 2000 and polyethylenimine (25 kDa). These nanoparticles were further transfected to HUMSCs. Western blotting demonstrated that the nanoparticles (CPPS:pWnt3a weight ratio 40:1) had the greatest transfection efficiency in HUMSCs, which was significantly higher than that of Lipofectamine 2000; however, when the CPPS:pWnt3a weight ratio was increased to 80:1, the nanoparticle-treated group showed no obvious improvement in translation efficiency over Lipofectamine 2000. Therefore, CPPS, a novel cationic polysaccharide derived from P. yezoensis, could be developed into a safe, efficient, nonviral gene vector in a gene-delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtong Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoding Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shicheng Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Oliveira AVV, Silva GA, Chung DC. Enhancement of chitosan-mediated gene delivery through combination with phiC31 integrase. Acta Biomater 2015; 17:89-97. [PMID: 25600399 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Gene transfer efficiency and expression stability are key factors to a successful gene therapy approach. In the present work we have developed a combined system for gene transfer that integrates well established non-viral polymeric vectors based on chitosan particles with the properties of phiC31-integrase that promotes a relatively non-immunogenic, site-specific integration, with sustained gene expression. Simultaneously, to overcome one of the major limitations in adeno-associated virus mediated gene transfer--the delivery of large genes--we have tested the capacity of our non-viral vectors to incorporate a large (8 Kb) transgene. Polyplexes were extensively characterized for their size, surface charge, morphology, pDNA complexation, transfection efficiency and transgene expression in vitro using HEK293 cells. Co-transfection with integrase was done by complexation in a single polyplex preparation or the use of two separate polyplex preparations. Transgene expression, GFP and CEP290 (1Kb and 8 Kb, respectively), was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. DNA complexation efficiency, particle size and morphology were consistent with gene delivery for all formulations. In contrast, transfection efficiency and transgene expression varied with polymer and polyplex size. Following delivery by chitosan polyplexes, high levels of GFP expression were still visible 16 weeks post-transfection and over-expression of the large transgene was detected at least 6 weeks post-transfection. Polyplexes incorporating phiC1 integrase demonstrate prolonged gene expression of both small (GFP, 1 Kb) and large genes (CEP290, 8Kb). This approach, using a combined strategy of polymers and integrase may overcome the size limitation found in commonly used adeno-associated virus mediated gene transfer techniques, while maintaining a high safety profile and prolonged, sustained gene expression, thus constituting an alternative for gene delivery.
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Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang L, Bryant J, Kheradmand T, Hering BJ, Miller SD, Luo X. Preemptive Tolerogenic Delivery of Donor Antigens for Permanent Allogeneic Islet Graft Protection. Cell Transplant 2014; 24:1155-65. [PMID: 24759564 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x681027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously developed a robust regimen for tolerance induction in murine models of islet cell transplantation using pre- and posttransplant infusions of donor splenocytes (SPs) treated with a chemical cross-linker ethylcarbodiimide (ECDI). However, the requirement for large numbers of fresh donor SPs for ECDI coupling impairs its clinical feasibility, and additionally, the compatibility of this tolerance regimen with commonly used immunosuppressive drugs is largely unknown. In the current study, we demonstrate that equivalent tolerance efficacy for islet cell transplantation can be successfully achieved not only with a significantly lower dose of ECDI-SPs than originally established but also with culture-expanded donor B-cells or with soluble donor antigens in the form of donor cell lysate, which is ECDI coupled to recipient SPs. We further demonstrate that tolerance induced by donor ECDI-SPs is dependent on a favorable apoptotic-to-necrotic cell ratio post-ECDI coupling and is not affected by a transient course of conventional immunosuppressive drugs including tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. While splenic antigen-presenting cells of the recipient play an important role in mediating the tolerogenic effects of donor ECDI-SPs, splenectomized recipients can be readily tolerized and appear to employ liver Kupffer cells for uptaking and processing of the ECDI-SPs. We conclude that infusion of donor ECDI-SPs is a versatile tolerance strategy that has a high potential for adaptation to clinically feasible regimens for tolerance trials for human islet cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen Wang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hallaj-Nezhadi S, Valizadeh H, Baradaran B, Dobakhti F, Lotfipour F. Preparation and characterization of gelatin nanoparticles containing pDNA encoding IL-12 and their expression in CT-26 carcinoma cells. Future Oncol 2013; 9:1195-206. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Gelatin as a biodegradable, nontoxic and biocompatible natural protein is a good candidate for gene delivery. In this study, pDNA-loaded gelatin nanoparticles were prepared and characterized for the expression of the cytokine IL-12 and anti-tumor effects. Materials & methods: Gelatin–pUMVC3–hIL-12 nanoparticles were prepared by the ethanol precipitation technique and evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, cytotoxiciy and transfection efficiency. Results: The prepared particles were spherical in shape with sizes varying from 344.27 to 826.23 nm, ζ-potentials between -944 and -165 mV, and greater than 97% encapsulation efficiency. The particles were nontoxic to CT-26 carcinoma cells. The nanoparticles prepared using 0.5% gelatin solution (G14) with a mean particle size of 816.87 nm (polydispersity index = 0.56 ± 0.01) demonstrated maximum transfection efficiency with 2.5-times higher expression compared with the naked plasmid. Conclusion: Gelatin–DNA nanoparticles using 0.5% gelatin solution had minimal cytotoxicity and can be used as a suitable candidate for further gene delivery studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Hallaj-Nezhadi
- Drug Applied Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center & Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faramarz Dobakhti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Hematology Oncology Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Deng W, Fu M, Cao Y, Cao X, Wang M, Yang Y, Qu R, Li J, Xu X, Yu J. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide nanoparticles as novel non-viral carriers for gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:1181-91. [PMID: 23727125 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study centers on the use of a nanoparticle based on the polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis (ASP) as an efficient and safe non-viral gene vector. After modification with branched low molecular weight polyethylenimine (1200 Da), the cationized ASP (cASP) was combined with the plasmid encoding transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) to form a spherical nano-scaled particle (i.e., cASP-pTGF-β1 nanoparticle). This nanoparticle was applied to transfect rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. As a result, nanoparticles (cASP/pDNA weight ratio 10:1) had the greatest transfection efficiency in both cells, which was significantly higher than those of Lipofectamine2000 and PEI (25 kDa). This was in agreement with the findings of the semi-quantitative RT-PCR and live cell imaging. These nanoparticles were also less toxic than Lipofectamine2000 and PEI (25 kDa). Therefore, cASP could be a potential candidate for a novel non-viral gene vector. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR These authors demonstrate the use of a nanoparticle-based efficient and safe non-viral gene vector delivery system via a spherical nanoparticle based on a polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis, with parameters superior to Lipofectamine2000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
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Talvitie E, Leppiniemi J, Mikhailov A, Hytönen VP, Kellomäki M. Peptide-functionalized chitosan–DNA nanoparticles for cellular targeting. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:948-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Deng WW, Cao X, Wang M, Qu R, Su WY, Yang Y, Wei YW, Xu XM, Yu JN. Delivery of a transforming growth factor β-1 plasmid to mesenchymal stem cells via cationized Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:1297-311. [PMID: 22457592 PMCID: PMC3310408 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s28010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the use of cationized Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide (CPEPS) as a nonviral gene delivery vehicle to transfer plasmid DNA encoding transforming growth factor beta-1 (pTGF-β1) into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. Crude P. eryngii polysaccharide was purified, and then cationized by grafting spermine onto the backbone of the polysaccharide. Agarose gel electrophoresis, transmission electron microscopy, and a Nano Sense Zetasizer (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) were used to characterize the CPEPS-pTGF-β1 nanoparticles. The findings of cytotoxicity analysis showed that when the nanoparticles were formulated with a CPEPS/pTGF-β1 weight ratio ≥ 10:1, a greater gel retardation effect was observed during agarose gel electrophoresis. The CPEPS-pTGF-β1 nanoparticles with a weight ratio of 20:1, respectively, possessed an average particle size of 80.8 nm in diameter and a zeta potential of +17.4 ± 0.1 mV. Significantly, these CPEPS-pTGF-β1 nanoparticles showed lower cytotoxicity and higher transfection efficiency than both polyethylenimine (25 kDa) (P = 0.006, Student’s t-test) and LipofectamineTM 2000 (P = 0.002, Student’s t-test). Additionally, the messenger RNA expression level of TGF-β1 in MSCs transfected with CPEPS-pTGF-β1 nanoparticles was significantly higher than that of free plasmid DNA-transfected MSCs and slightly elevated compared with that of Lipofectamine 2000-transfected MSCs. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that 92.38% of MSCs were arrested in the G1 phase after being transfected with CPEPS-pTGF-β1 nanoparticles, indicating a tendency toward differentiation. In summary, the findings of this study suggest that the CPEPS-pTGF-β1 nanoparticles prepared in this work exhibited excellent transfection efficiency and low toxicity. Therefore, they could be developed into a promising nonviral vector for gene delivery in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Deng WW, Cao X, Wang M, Yang Y, Su WY, Wei YW, Ou-Yang Z, Yu JN, Xu XM. Efficient gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells by an ethylenediamine-modified polysaccharide from mulberry leaves. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:441-451. [PMID: 22213679 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201101554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the use of a natural polysaccharide isolated from mulberry leaves as a nonviral gene vector. Ethylenediamine is chemically grafted to the backbone of a polysaccharide from mulberry leaves (MPS) to acquire nucleic acid binding affinity. A particle-size observation indicates that the cationic mulberry leaf polysaccharide (CMPS) can efficiently combine with plasmid transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) to form nanoscaled particles. In addition, the electrophoresis assay indicates a retarded plasmid migration when the CMPS/pTGF-β1 weight ratio is increased to 30:1. The in vitro cell transfection experiment is performed based on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from rat femurs and tibias, and the findings reveal that the complex with a CMPS/pTGF-β1 weight ratio of 50:1 exhibits the highest cell transfection effect, which is significantly higher than that of branched poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) (25 kDa; p = 0.001, Student's t-test) and slightly higher than Lipofectamine 2000. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay also demonstrates that all of these tested complexes and the plasmid TGF-β1 are nontoxic to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The results of the living cell imaging confirm that more of the CMPS/plasmid TGF-β1 nanoparticles can be taken up and at a faster rate by the MSCs than by the positive control Lipofectamine 2000; these data are consistent with the transfection efficiency data. Together, these results suggest that the CMPS/pTGF-β1 nanoparticle can potentially be developed into a promising alternative for the transfer of therapeutic genes into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, PR China
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Wang M, Deng W, Fu M, Cao X, Yang Y, Su W, Yu J, Xu X. Efficient gene transfer into rat mesenchymal stem cells with cationized Lycium barbarum polysaccharides nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Duceppe N, Tabrizian M. Advances in using chitosan-based nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo drug and gene delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 7:1191-207. [PMID: 20836623 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2010.514604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD This review aims to provide an overview of state-of-the-art chitosan-based nanosized carriers for the delivery of therapeutic agents. Chitosan nanocarriers are smart delivery systems owing to the possibility of their property alterations with various approaches, which would confer them with the possibility of spatiotemporal delivery features. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW The focus of this review is principally on those aspects that have not often been addressed in other reviews. These include the influence of physicochemical properties of chitosan on delivery mechanisms and chitosan modification with a variety of ligand moieties specific for cell surface receptors to increase recognition and uptake of nanocarriers into cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Multiple examples that demonstrate the advantages of chitosan-based nanocarriers over other delivery systems of therapeutic agents are highlighted. Particular emphasis is given to the alteration of material properties by functionalization or combination with other polymers for their specific applications. Finally, structural and experimental parameters influencing transfection efficiency of chitosan-based nanocarriers are presented for both in vitro and in vivo gene delivery. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN The readers will acquire knowledge of parameters influencing the properties of the chitosan-based nanocarriers for delivery of therapeutic agents (genetic material or drugs) in vitro and in vivo. They will get a better idea of the strategies to be adapted to tune the characteristics of chitosan and chitosan derivatives for specific delivery applications. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Chitosan is prone to chemical and physical modifications, and is very responsive to environmental stimuli such as temperature and pH. These features make chitosan a smart material with great potential for developing multifunctional nanocarrier systems to deliver large varieties of therapeutic agents administrated in multiple ways with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Duceppe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Duff Medical Science Building, 3775 University Street, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Cavallaro G, Licciardi M, Scirè S, Giammona G. Microwave-assisted synthesis of PHEA–oligoamine copolymers as potential gene delivery systems. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2009; 4:291-303. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.09.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To prepare new copolymers, useful for gene delivery, based on α, β-poly-(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D, L-aspartamide (PHEA) as a polymeric backbone and bearing an oligoamine such as diethylenetriamine in the side chain. Moreover, in order to reduce solvent volume and make the reaction faster, microwave-assisted heating was used. Materials & methods: PHEA copolymers bearing different amounts of diethylenetriamine were prepared using bis(4-nitrophenyl) carbonate as a condensing agent with the use of microwaves. Chemical, physico–chemical and biological characterization of PHEA–diethylenetriamine copolymers and their complexes obtained with DNA were performed. Results: Copolymers showed good DNA complexing and condensing abilities depending on the oligoamine derivatization degree and good hemocompatibility. Moreover, plasmid DNA/copolymer polyplexes showed very good cytocompatibility on B16F10 and N2A cell lines. Conclusion: Results support the use of these copolymers as gene delivery systems in the future. Finally, the use of microwaves makes the proposed synthetic method advantageous as time and solvents are saved.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cavallaro
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Licciardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Scirè
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Giammona
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
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Liu Z, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Zhou C, Zhang Z. Polysaccharides-based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2008; 60:1650-62. [PMID: 18848591 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1085] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides, due to their outstanding merits, have received more and more attention in the field of drug delivery systems. In particular, polysaccharides seem to be the most promising materials in the preparation of nanometeric carriers. This review relates to the newest developments in the preparation of polysaccharides-based nanoparticles. In this review, four mechanisms are introduced to prepare polysaccharides-based nanoparticles, that is, covalent crosslinking, ionic crosslinking, polyelectrolyte complex, and the self-assembly of hydrophobically modified polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghua Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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