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Deng J, Gao C. Recent advances in interactions of designed nanoparticles and cells with respect to cellular uptake, intracellular fate, degradation and cytotoxicity. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:412002. [PMID: 27609340 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/41/412002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The unique features of nanomaterials have led to their rapid development in the biomedical field. In particular, functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used in the delivery of drugs and genes, bio-imaging and diagnosis. Hence, the interaction between NPs and cells is one of the most important issues towards understanding the true nature of the NP-mediated biological effects. Moreover, the intracellular safety concern of the NPs as a result of intracellular NP degradation remains to be clarified in detail. This review presents recent advances in the interactions of designed NPs and cells. The focus includes the governing factors on cellular uptake and the intracellular fate of NPs, and the degradation of NPs and its influence on nanotoxicity. Some basic consideration is proposed for optimizing the NP-cell interaction and designing NPs of better biocompatiblity for biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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Wei W, Liu C, Liu J, Liu X, Zou L, Cai S, Shi H, Cao YC. Do the cations in clay and the polymer matrix affect quantum dot fluorescent properties? LUMINESCENCE 2015; 31:1020-4. [PMID: 26663530 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper studied the effects of cations and polymer matrix on the fluorescent properties of quantum dots (QDs). The results indicated that temperature has a greater impact on fluorescence intensity than clay cations (mainly K(+) and Na(+) ). Combined fluorescence lifetime and steady-state spectrometer tests showed that QD lifetimes all decreased when the cation concentration was increased, but the quantum yields were steady at various cation concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.5 and 1 M. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and diepoxy resin were used to study the effects of polymers on QD lifetime and quantum yield. The results showed that the lifetime for QDs 550 nm in PEO and PVA was 17.33 and 17.12 ns, respectively; for the epoxy resin, the lifetime was 0.74 ns, a sharp decrease from 24.47 ns. The quantum yield for QDs 550 nm changed from 34.22% to 7.45% and 7.81% in PEO and PVA, respectively; for the epoxy resin the quantum yield was 2.25%. QDs 580 nm and 620 nm showed the same results as QDs 550 nm. This study provides useful information on the design, synthesis and application of QDs-polymer luminescent materials. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Cui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Jiyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Linling Zou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Shaojun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Hong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Jianghan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China
- Flexible Display Materials and Technology Co-Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
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Soenen SJ, Parak WJ, Rejman J, Manshian B. (Intra)cellular stability of inorganic nanoparticles: effects on cytotoxicity, particle functionality, and biomedical applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:2109-35. [PMID: 25757742 DOI: 10.1021/cr400714j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan J Soenen
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Medicine, KULeuven , B3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Rizvi SB, Yildirimer L, Ghaderi S, Ramesh B, Seifalian AM, Keshtgar M. A novel POSS-coated quantum dot for biological application. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3915-27. [PMID: 22915843 PMCID: PMC3418109 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s28577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals that have the potential for
major advancements in the field of nanomedicine through their unique photophysical
properties. They can potentially be used as fluorescent probes for various biomedical
imaging applications, including cancer localization, detection of micrometastasis, image
guided surgery, and targeted drug delivery. Their main limitation is toxicity, which
requires a biologically compatible surface coating to shield the toxic core from the
surrounding environment. However, this leads to an increase in QD size that may lead to
problems of excretion and systemic sequestration. We describe a one pot synthesis,
characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity of a novel polyhedral oligomeric
silsesquioxane (POSS)-coated CdTe-cored QD using mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) and
D-cysteine as stabilizing agents. Characterization was performed using transmission
electron microscopy Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and photoluminescence
studies. POSS-coated QDs demonstrated high colloidal stability and enhanced photostability
on high degrees of ultraviolet (UV) excitation compared to QDs coated with MSA and
D-cysteine alone (P value < 0.05). In vitro toxicity studies showed
that both POSS and MSA-QDs were significantly less toxic than ionized salts of
Cd+2 and Te−2. Confocal microscopy confirmed high
brightness of POSS-QDs in cells at both 1 and 24 hours, indicating that these QDs are
rapidly taken up by cells and remain photostable in a biological environment. We therefore
conclude that a POSS coating confers biological compatibility, photostability, and
colloidal stability while retaining the small size and unique photophysical properties of
the QDs. The amphiphilic nature of the coating allows solubility in aqueous solutions and
rapid transfer across cell membranes, enabling the use of lower concentrations of the QDs
for an overall reduced toxicity particularly for prolonged live cell and in vivo imaging
applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat B Rizvi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, United Kingdom
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Guan LY, Li YQ, Lin S, Zhang MZ, Chen J, Ma ZY, Zhao YD. Characterization of CdTe/CdSe quantum dots-transferrin fluorescent probes for cellular labeling. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 741:86-92. [PMID: 22840708 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we prepared three types of transferrin-quantum dots conjugates (QDs-Tf) using three different methods (electrostatic interaction, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) coupling, denatured transferrin (dTf) coating). Fluorescence emission spectra, surface characteristics, zeta potentials of quantum dots (QDs) and QDs-Tf fluorescent probes were characterized by spectrophotometer, capillary electrophoresis, and dynamic light scattering. Fluorescent imaging of HeLa cells was also performed by QDs and QDs-Tf fluorescent probes. It was found that the fluorescence imaging performances of QDs-Tf probes prepared by electrostatic interaction and EDC coupling were better compared with the one prepared by dTf coating. Then a real-time single cell detection system was established to quantitatively evaluate cell labeling effects of QDs-Tf fluorescent probes. It was found that for cell labeling efficiency, the proportion of cells labeled by quantum dot probes to a group of cells, QDs-Tf probe prepared by EDC coupling showed the highest labeling efficiency (85.55±3.88%), followed by electrostatic interaction (78.86±9.57%), and dTf coating showed the lowest (40.09±10.2%). This efficiency order was confirmed by flow cytometry results. This study demonstrated the relationship between conjugation methods and the resultant QDs-Tf probes and provided a foundation for choosing appropriate QDs-Tf probes in cell labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Guan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan, HuBei 430074, PR China
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Abstract
Cell based therapeutics are emerging as powerful regimens. To better understand the migration and proliferation mechanisms of implanted cells, a means to track cells in living subjects is essential, and to achieve that, a number of cell labeling techniques have been developed. Nanoparticles, with their superior physical properties, have become the materials of choice in many investigations along this line. Owing to inherent magnetic, optical or acoustic attributes, these nanoparticles can be detected by corresponding imaging modalities in living subjects at a high spatial and temporal resolution. These features allow implanted cells to be separated from host cells; and have advantages over traditional histological methods, as they permit non-invasive, real-time tracking in vivo. This review attempts to give a summary of progress in using nanotechnology to monitor cell trafficking. We will focus on direct cell labeling techniques, in which cells ingest nanoparticles that bear traceable signals, such as iron oxide or quantum dots. Ferritin and MagA reporter genes that can package endogenous iron or iron supplement into iron oxide nanoparticles will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwinkumar Bhirde
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Zhang HL, Li YQ, Zhang MZ, Zhao YD. Real-time observation of the effect of iron on receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin conjugated with quantum dots. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2010; 15:045003. [PMID: 20799798 DOI: 10.1117/1.3465595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of antiphotobleaching and the advantage of long-term fluorescence observation of quantum dots are fully adopted to study the effects of iron on the endocytosis of transferrin. Quantum dots are labeled for transferrin and endocytosis of transferrin in HeLa cells is observed under the normal state, iron overloading, and an iron-deficient state. In these three states, the fluorescence undergoes a gradual process of first dark, then light, and finally dark, indicating the endocytosis of transferrin. The fluorescence intensity analysis shows that a platform emerges when fluorescence changes to a certain degree in the three states. Experienced a same period of time after platform, the fluorescence strength of cells in the normal state is 1.2 times the first value, and the iron-deficiency state is 1.4 times, but the iron overloading state was 0.85 times. We also find that the average fluorescence intensity in cells detected by the spectrophotometer in the iron-deficiency state is almost 7 times than that in a high iron state. All this proves that iron overloading would slow the process, but iron deficiency would accelerate endocytosis. We advance a direct observational method that may contribute to further study of the relationship of iron and transferrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Li Zhang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Xiong R, Li Z, Mi L, Wang PN, Chen JY, Wang L, Yang WL. Study on the intracellular fate of Tat peptide-conjugated quantum dots by spectroscopic investigation. J Fluoresc 2010; 20:551-6. [PMID: 20084437 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-009-0579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of water-soluble thiol-capped CdTe quantum dots (QDs) conjugated with Tat peptide in solution showed a remarkable redshift as compared to that of unconjugated QDs. After cellular uptake of the Tat-QDs conjugates, the micro-PL spectrum of Tat-QDs in lysosomes showed a spectral blueshift, which was most probably due to the fact that Tat peptide was digested by the enzymes, leaving the Tat-detached QDs in lysosomes. The reasons for the spectral changes have been discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongling Xiong
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Obonyo O, Fisher E, Edwards M, Douroumis D. Quantum dots synthesis and biological applications as imaging and drug delivery systems. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 30:283-301. [PMID: 20528252 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2010.487184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) synthesized by metal ions and colloid stabilizers have been explored as promising probes in advanced imaging techniques, tumor diagnostic agents, and drug delivery systems. The ability to modulate QDs surface chemistry through particle--shape control, surface coating, and surface functionalization-has rendered them a valuable tool in biological sciences. The tremendous advances in nanotechnology revealed the unique properties of QD crystals in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In this review, we summarize the recent trends in QD synthesis, surface modification, and biological applications particularly for cancer targeting and treatment.
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Quantum dots - characterization, preparation and usage in biological systems. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:656-73. [PMID: 19333427 PMCID: PMC2660652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10020656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of fluorescent nanoparticles as probes for bioanalytical applications is a highly promising technique because fluorescence-based techniques are very sensitive. Quantum dots (QDs) seem to show the greatest promise as labels for tagging and imaging in biological systems owing to their impressive photostability, which allow long-term observations of biomolecules. The usage of QDs in practical applications has started only recently, therefore, the research on QDs is extremely important in order to provide safe and effective biosensing materials for medicine. This review reports on the recent methods for the preparation of quantum dots, their physical and chemical properties, surface modification as well as on some interesting examples of their experimental use.
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