1
|
Application of biomolecules modification strategies on PEEK and its composites for osteogenesis and antibacterial properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 215:112492. [PMID: 35430485 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As orthopedic and dental implants, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is expected to be a common substitute material of titanium (Ti) and its alloys due to its good biocompatibility, chemical stability, and elastic modulus close to that of bone tissue. It could avoid metal allergy and bone resorption caused by the stress shielding effect of Ti implants, widely studied in the medical field. However, the lack of biological activity is not conducive to the clinical application of PEEK implants. Therefore, the surface modification of PEEK has increasingly become one of the research hotspots. Researchers have explored various biomolecules modification methods to effectively enhance the osteogenic and antibacterial activities of PEEK and its composites. Therefore, this review mainly summarizes the recent research of PEEK modified by biomolecules and discusses the further research directions to promote the clinical transformation of PEEK implants.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang S, Yan H, Fang B, Gu C, Guo J, Qiu P, Song N, Xu W, Zhang J, Lin X, Fang X. A myogenic niche with a proper mechanical stress environment improves abdominal wall muscle repair by modulating immunity and preventing fibrosis. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121519. [PMID: 35552116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) healing is often complicated by fibrosis, which impairs muscle regeneration and function. Adjusting mechanical stress in the repair environment may modulate immunity and reduce fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to create a biomaterial with suitable tension conditions and bidirectional tissue-inducing abilities to prevent fibrosis thus promote muscle regeneration and induce aponeurosis-like structures to restore muscle force transmission. A protocol was developed to manufacture decellularized muscle aponeurosis (D-MA) patches with an intact extracellular matrix (ECM) and low cytotoxicity. D-MA optimized the mechanical stress distribution in muscle injury sites and decreased the number of proinflammatory macrophages and myofibroblasts, thereby attenuating muscle fibrosis. Muscle and aponeurosis ECM environments had different microstructures and mechanical properties, which specifically enhanced stem cell differentiation into muscle-like cells on muscle ECM and tenocyte-like cells on aponeurosis ECM in vitro. Four weeks after orthotopic implantation, the biphasic muscle-aponeurosis-like tissue was successfully regenerated by the D-MA scaffold. The regenerated muscle fibers in D-MA were more abundant than those in the fibrotic decellularized muscle (D-M) scaffold. D-MA can be used to repair abdominal defects, which significantly improves the repair outcomes. Our results suggest D-MA as a promising material for VML repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huige Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenhui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiandong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pengchen Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Nan Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenbing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xianfeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Decell Biotechnology Co. LTD, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiangqian Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nambiar J, Jana S, Nandi SK. Strategies for Enhancing Vascularization of Biomaterial-Based Scaffold in Bone Regeneration. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200008. [PMID: 35352873 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in reconstructive orthopedics; fracture union is a challenge to bone regeneration. Concurrent angiogenesis is a complex process governed by events, delicately entwined with osteogenesis. However, poorly perfused scaffolds have lower success rates; necessitating the need for a better vascular component, which is important for the delivery of nutrients, oxygen, waste elimination, recruitment of cells for optimal bone repair. This review highlights the latest strategies to promote biomaterial-based scaffold vascularization by incorporation of cells, growth factors, inorganic ions, etc. into natural or synthetic polymers, ceramic materials, or composites of organic and inorganic compounds. Furthermore, it emphasizes structural modifications, biophysical stimuli, and natural molecules to fabricate scaffolds aiding the genesis of dense vascularization following their implantation to manifest a compatible regenerative microenvironment without graft rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Nambiar
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, India
| | - Sonali Jana
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, India
| | - Samit Kumar Nandi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700037, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li W, Huang C, Ma T, Wang J, Liu W, Yan J, Sheng G, Zhang R, Wu H, Liu C. Low-frequency electromagnetic fields combined with tissue engineering techniques accelerate intervertebral fusion. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:143. [PMID: 33597006 PMCID: PMC7890873 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral fusion is the most common surgery to treat lumbar degenerative disease (LDD). And the graft material used in the operation is derived from the iliac crest to promote fusion. However, autografts possess the fatal disadvantage of lack of source. Therefore, economical and practical bone substitutes are urgently needed to be developed. Sinusoidal electromagnetic fields (EMF) combined with tissue engineering techniques may be an appropriate way to promote intervertebral fusion. Methods In this research, porous scaffolds made of polycaprolactone (PCL) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) were used as cell carriers. Then, the scaffolds loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with sinusoidal electromagnetic field and the osteogenic capability of BMSCs was tested later. In addition, an intervertebral disc of the tail vertebra of the rat was removed to construct a spinal intervertebral fusion model with a cell-scaffold implanted. The intervertebral fusion was observed and analyzed by X-ray, micro-CT, and histological methods. Results BMSCs stimulated by EMF possess splendid osteogenic capability under an osteogenic medium (OM) in vitro. And the conditioned medium of BMSCs treated with EMF can further promote osteogenic differentiation of the primitive BMSCs. Mechanistically, EMF regulates BMSCs via BMP/Smad and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-associated p38 signaling pathways. In vivo experiments revealed that the scaffold loaded with BMSCs stimulated by EMF accelerated intervertebral fusion successfully. Conclusion In summary, EMF accelerated intervertebral fusion by improving the osteogenic capacity of BMSCs seeded on scaffolds and might boost the paracrine function of BMSCs to promote osteogenic differentiation of the homing BMSCs at the injured site. EMF combined with tissue engineering techniques may become a new clinical treatment for LDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chunwei Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Gaohong Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ruizhuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jing X, Xie B, Li X, Dai Y, Nie L, Li C. Peptide decorated demineralized dentin matrix with enhanced bioactivity, osteogenic differentiation via carboxymethyl chitosan. Dent Mater 2020; 37:19-29. [PMID: 33257086 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To improve the biocompatibility and osteogenic activity of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) by grafting peptides on its surface. METHODS DDM was obtained by pulverizing extracted human teeth that had been systematically demineralized and dried. Four groups of materials were evaluated: DDM, DDM/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), DDM/CMC/bone forming peptide-1 (BFP-1), and blank. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and fluorescence localization were used to characterize the surface of the DDM materials. Cell viability was assessed using a CCK8 assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in vitro osteogenesis was analyzed using real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) and Alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase staining. Three different materials were implanted into mandibular bone defects in rats. After 8 weeks, bone regeneration was assessed by histomorphometry of HE-stained slides. RESULTS FT-IR, XPS, and fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that the DDM surfaces were successfully modified with BFP-1. The CCK8 assay indicated that the proliferation of cells is higher on the DDM/CMC/BFP-1 material than on DDM or DDM/CMC (P < 0.05). Cells were more likely to adhere to DDM/CMC/BFP-1, as observed by SEM. Greater in vitro osteogenesis was observed in the DDM/CMC/BFP-1 group which displayed stronger alkaline phosphatase activity, more alizarin red-stained nodules, and higher target gene expression, as detected by RT-qPCR (P<0.05). HE staining of in vivo explants indicated that greater quantities of new bone had formed in the DDM/CMC/BFP-1 group. SIGNIFICANCE Compared with DDM, DDM/CMC/BFP-1 exhibited superior biocompatibility and osteogenesis, using a method of surface modification that has great potential for future clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Jing
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingwu Xie
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xinyue Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Youli Dai
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Nie
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Conghua Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Effects of electromagnetic fields treatment on rat critical-sized calvarial defects with a 3D-printed composite scaffold. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:433. [PMID: 33023631 PMCID: PMC7542469 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01954-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current strategies for craniofacial defect are faced with unmet outcome. Combining 3D-printing with safe, noninvasive magnetic therapy could be a promising breakthrough. METHODS In this study, polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite (PLA/HA) composite scaffold was fabricated. After seeding rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on scaffolds, the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMSCs were investigated. Additionally, 6-mm critical-sized calvarial defect was created in rats. BMSC-laden scaffolds were implanted into the defects with or without EMF treatment. RESULTS Our results showed that PLA/HA composite scaffolds exhibited uniform porous structure, high porosity (~ 70%), suitable compression strength (31.18 ± 4.86 MPa), modulus of elasticity (10.12 ± 1.24 GPa), and excellent cyto-compatibility. The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMSCs cultured on the scaffolds were enhanced with EMF treatment. Mechanistically, EMF exposure functioned partly by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or MAPK-associated ERK and JNK pathways. In vivo, significantly higher new bone formation and vascularization were observed in groups involving scaffold, BMSCs, and EMF treatment, compared to scaffold alone. Furthermore, after 12 weeks of implanting, craniums in groups including scaffold, BMSCs, and EMF exposure showed the greatest biomechanical properties. CONCLUSION In conclusion, EMF treatment combined with 3D-printed scaffold has great potential applications in craniofacial regeneration.
Collapse
|
7
|
Cerebrospinal Fluid Pulsation Stress Promotes the Angiogenesis of Tissue-Engineered Laminae. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8026362. [PMID: 32714396 PMCID: PMC7352145 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8026362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis is a prerequisite step to achieve the success of bone regeneration by tissue engineering technology. Previous studies have shown the role of cerebrospinal fluid pulsation (CSFP) stress in the reconstruction of tissue-engineered laminae. In this study, we investigated the role of CSFP stress in the angiogenesis of tissue-engineered laminae. Methods For the in vitro study, a CSFP bioreactor was used to investigate the impact of CSFP stress on the osteogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). For the in vivo study, forty-eight New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into the CSFP group and the Non-CSFP group. Tissue-engineered laminae (TEL) was made by hydroxyapatite-collagen I scaffold and osteogenic MSCs and then implanted into the lamina defect in the two groups. The angiogenic and osteogenic abilities of newborn laminae were examined with histological staining, qRT-PCR, and radiological analysis. Results The in vitro study showed that CSFP stress could promote the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) expression levels of osteogenic MSCs. In the animal study, the expression levels of angiogenic markers in the CSFP group were higher than those in the Non-CSFP group; moreover, in the CSFP group, their expression levels on the dura mater surface, which are closer to the CSFP stress stimulation, were also higher than those on the paraspinal muscle surface. The expression levels of osteogenic markers in the CSFP group were also higher than those in the Non-CSFP group. Conclusion CSFP stress could promote the angiogenic ability of osteogenic MSCs and thus promote the angiogenesis of tissue-engineered laminae. The pretreatment of osteogenic MSC with a CSFP bioreactor may have important implications for vertebral lamina reconstruction with a tissue engineering technique.
Collapse
|
8
|
Menger MM, Laschke MW, Orth M, Pohlemann T, Menger MD, Histing T. Vascularization Strategies in the Prevention of Nonunion Formation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:107-132. [PMID: 32635857 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Delayed healing and nonunion formation are major challenges in orthopedic surgery, which require the development of novel treatment strategies. Vascularization is considered one of the major prerequisites for successful bone healing, providing an adequate nutrient supply and allowing the infiltration of progenitor cells to the fracture site. Hence, during the last decade, a considerable number of studies have focused on the evaluation of vascularization strategies to prevent or to treat nonunion formation. These involve (1) biophysical applications, (2) systemic pharmacological interventions, and (3) tissue engineering, including sophisticated scaffold materials, local growth factor delivery systems, cell-based techniques, and surgical vascularization approaches. Accumulating evidence indicates that in nonunions, these strategies are indeed capable of improving the process of bone healing. The major challenge for the future will now be the translation of these strategies into clinical practice to make them accessible for the majority of patients. If this succeeds, these vascularization strategies may markedly reduce the incidence of nonunion formation. Impact statement Delayed healing and nonunion formation are a major clinical problem in orthopedic surgery. This review provides an overview of vascularization strategies for the prevention and treatment of nonunions. The successful translation of these strategies in clinical practice is of major importance to achieve adequate bone healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M Menger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Orth
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tim Pohlemann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tina Histing
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Role of biomechanics in vascularization of tissue-engineered bones. J Biomech 2020; 110:109920. [PMID: 32827778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial based reconstruction is still the most commonly employed method of small bone defect reconstruction. Bone tissue-engineered techniques are improving, and adjuncts such as vascularization technologies allow re-evaluation of traditional reconstructive methods for healingofcritical-sized bone defect. Slow infiltration rate of vasculogenesis after cell-seeded scaffold implantation limits the use of clinically relevant large-sized scaffolds. Hence, in vitro vascularization within the tissue-engineered bone before implantation is required to overcome the serious challenge of low cell survival rate after implantation which affects bone tissue regeneration and osseointegration. Mechanobiological interactions between cells and microvascular mechanics regulate biological processes regarding cell behavior. In addition, load-bearing scaffolds demand mechanical stability properties after vascularization to have adequate strength while implanted. With the advent of bioreactors, vascularization has been greatly improved by biomechanical regulation of stem cell differentiation through fluid-induced shear stress and synergizing osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation in multispecies coculture cells. The benefits of vascularization are clear: avoidance of mass transfer limitation and oxygen deprivation, a significant decrease in cell necrosis, and consequently bone development, regeneration and remodeling. Here, we discuss specific techniques to avoid pitfalls and optimize vascularization results of tissue-engineered bone. Cell source, scaffold modifications and bioreactor design, and technique specifics all play a critical role in this new, and rapidly growing method for bone defect reconstruction. Given the crucial importance of long-term survival of vascular network in physiological function of 3D engineered-bone constructs, greater knowledge of vascularization approaches may lead to the development of new strategies towards stabilization of formed vascular structure.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen J, Tu C, Tang X, Li H, Yan J, Ma Y, Wu H, Liu C. The combinatory effect of sinusoidal electromagnetic field and VEGF promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis of mesenchymal stem cell-laden PCL/HA implants in a rat subcritical cranial defect. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:379. [PMID: 31842985 PMCID: PMC6915868 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restoration of massive bone defects remains a huge challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Insufficient vascularization and slow bone regeneration limited the application of tissue engineering in bone defect. The effect of electromagnetic field (EMF) on bone defect has been reported for many years. However, sinusoidal EMF (SEMF) combined with tissue engineering in bone regeneration remains poorly investigated. METHODS In the present study, we investigated the effect of SEMF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on osteogenic and vasculogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). Furthermore, pretreated rBMSC- laden polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) scaffold was constructed and implanted into the subcritical cranial defect of rats. The bone formation and vascularization were evaluated 4 and 12 weeks after implantation. RESULTS It was shown that SEMF and VEGF could enhance the protein and mRNA expression levels of osteoblast- and endothelial cell-related markers, respectively. The combinatory effect of SEMF and VEGF slightly promoted the angiogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. The proteins of Wnt1, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP-6), and β-catenin increased in all inducted groups, especially in SEMF + VEGF group. The results indicated that Wnt/β-catenin pathway might participate in the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Histological evaluation and reconstructed 3D graphs revealed that tissue-engineered constructs significantly promoted the new bone formation and angiogenesis compared to other groups. CONCLUSION The combinatory effect of SEMF and VEGF raised an efficient approach to enhance the osteogenesis and vascularization of tissue-engineered constructs, which provided a useful guide for regeneration of bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chang Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yongzhuang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang H, Tang X, Li W, Chen J, Li H, Yan J, Yuan X, Wu H, Liu C. Enhanced osteogenesis of bone marrow stem cells cultured on hydroxyapatite/collagen I scaffold in the presence of low-frequency magnetic field. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:89. [PMID: 31342178 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a non-invasive biophysical therapy, electromagnetic fields (EMF) have been widely used to promote the healing of fractures. In the present study, hydroxyapatite/collagen I (HAC) loaded with rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured in a dynamic perfusion bioreactor and exposed to EMF of 15 Hz/1mT. Osteogenic differentiation of the seeded cells was analyzed through the evaluation of ALP activity and osteogenesis-related genes expression in vitro. The in vivo osteogenesis efficacy of the cell laden HAC constructs treated with/without EMF was evaluated through a rabbit femur condyle defect model. The results showed that EMF of 15 Hz/1mT could enhance the osteogenic differentiation of the cells seeded on HAC scaffold. Furthermore, the in vivo experiments demonstrated that EMF exposure could promote bone regeneration within the defect and bone integration between the graft and host bone. Taking together, the MSCs seeded HAC scaffold combined with EMF exposure could be a promising approach for bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaixi Wang
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu road, 450003, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenkai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, 430030, Wuhan, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee SJ, Won JE, Han C, Yin XY, Kim HK, Nah H, Kwon IK, Min BH, Kim CH, Shin YS, Park SA. Development of a three-dimensionally printed scaffold grafted with bone forming peptide-1 for enhanced bone regeneration with in vitro and in vivo evaluations. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 539:468-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
13
|
Wang W, Wan Y, Fu T, Zhou T, Tang X, Wu H, Liu C, Jagodzinski M. Effect of cyclic compression on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in tissue engineered cartilage scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1294-1302. [PMID: 30707490 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this current study, a novel multilayer porous composite scaffold was fabricated with chitosan (CS), silk fibrin (SF) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA). Scanning electron microscope was utilized to detect the characteristics of the composed scaffold. Rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSC) were loaded onto the CS/SF/n-HA scaffold and cultured in a bioreactor under an on-off dynamic compression (10% compressive strain, 0.5 Hz, [2 h action + 4 h pause]/cycle, 4 cycles/day). Metabolism of the loaded rBMSC was assessed through CCK-8 test. Qualitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were applied to assess the chondrogenic differentiation of the seeded cells. Compressive modulus of the cell/scaffold constructs was analyzed. Additionally, a pig model was employed to evaluate the effect of the tissue-engineered cartilage on repairing of cartilage defect. Results showed that the four layers within the scaffold were tightly connected without gaps between porous interfaces of the layers. Scaffold porosity was 92.20% ± 1.30%. The cyclic compression upregulated chondrogenesis markers (Aggrecan, Sox-9, and collagen II). Increased compressive modulus of the cell/scaffold complex was detected after dynamic compression. The pig bone marrow stromal cells/scaffold complex exposed to cyclic compression presented most favorable reparative effect on the mini pig femoral condyle cartilage defects. Our study suggested that the on-off dynamic compression might be a promising approach to fabricate tissue-engineered cartilage in vitro. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1294-1302, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ying Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Michael Jagodzinski
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Hanover Medical School (MHH), Hanover D-30625, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lopes D, Martins-Cruz C, Oliveira MB, Mano JF. Bone physiology as inspiration for tissue regenerative therapies. Biomaterials 2018; 185:240-275. [PMID: 30261426 PMCID: PMC6445367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development, maintenance of healthy bone and regeneration of injured tissue in the human body comprise a set of intricate and finely coordinated processes. However, an analysis of current bone regeneration strategies shows that only a small fraction of well-reported bone biology aspects has been used as inspiration and transposed into the development of therapeutic products. Specific topics that include inter-scale bone structural organization, developmental aspects of bone morphogenesis, bone repair mechanisms, role of specific cells and heterotypic cell contact in the bone niche (including vascularization networks and immune system cells), cell-cell direct and soluble-mediated contact, extracellular matrix composition (with particular focus on the non-soluble fraction of proteins), as well as mechanical aspects of native bone will be the main reviewed topics. In this Review we suggest a systematic parallelization of (i) fundamental well-established biology of bone, (ii) updated and recent advances on the understanding of biological phenomena occurring in native and injured tissue, and (iii) critical discussion of how those individual aspects have been translated into tissue regeneration strategies using biomaterials and other tissue engineering approaches. We aim at presenting a perspective on unexplored aspects of bone physiology and how they could be translated into innovative regeneration-driven concepts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Martins-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
He F, Lu T, Fang X, Qiu C, Tian Y, Li Y, Zuo F, Ye J. Study on Mg xSr 3-x(PO 4) 2 bioceramics as potential bone grafts. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 175:158-165. [PMID: 30530001 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and strontium (Sr), which are essential nutrient elements in the natural bone, positively affect the osteogenic activity even in wide ranges of ion concentrations. However, it remains unknown whether magnesium-strontium phosphates [MgxSr3-x(PO4)2] are potential bone grafts for accelerating bone regeneration. Herein, a serial of MgxSr3-x(PO4)2, including Mg3(PO4)2, Mg2Sr(PO4)2, Mg1.5Sr1.5(PO4)2, MgSr2(PO4)2 and Sr3(PO4)2, were synthesized using a solid-state reaction approach. The physicochemical properties and cell behaviors of MgxSr3-x(PO4)2 bioceramics were characterized and compared with the common bone graft β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). The results indicated that various MgxSr3-x(PO4)2 bioceramics differed in compressive strength and in vitro degradation rate. All the MgxSr3-x(PO4)2 bioceramics had excellent biocompatibility. In contrast to β-TCP, the MgxSr3-x(PO4)2 enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity of mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs), and inhibited osteoclastogenesis-related gene expression of RAW264.7 cells, but did not enhance osteogenesis-related gene expression of mBMSCs which were treated with osteogenesis induction supplements. However, Mg3(PO4)2 stimulated osteogenesis-related gene expression of mBMSCs without the treatment of osteogenesis induction supplements. This work contributes to the design of bone graft and may open a new avenue for the bone regeneration field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fupo He
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Teliang Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Xibo Fang
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Qiu
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Li
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zuo
- School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiandong Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tailoring the mechanical property and cell-biological response of β-tricalcium phosphate composite bioceramics by SrO-P 2O 5-Na 2O based additive. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 86:215-223. [PMID: 29986296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bioceramic, which is a prevalent bone graft, is deficient in mechanical strength and mediating the biological functions. In the present study, β-tricalcium phosphate composite bioceramics (TCP/SPNs) were prepared by introducing SrO-P2O5-Na2O based (SPN) sintering additive. With increasing mole ratio of SrO to P2O5, the SPN tended to crystallize. In the liquid-phase sintering process, β-TCP reacted with SPN, producing new compounds. The difference in characteristic of SPN additive affected the compressive strength and cell-biological response of the fabricated TCP/SPNs. By selecting SPN with appropriate formulation, the TCP/SPNs not only could more than double their compressive strength, but also improved the cell viability, promoted osteogenic differentiation and inhibited osteoclastic activities. Taken together, this work establishes a beneficial strategy to improve the overall performance of calcium phosphate bioceramic for application in bone regeneration.
Collapse
|
17
|
Pan P, Chen X, Metavarayuth K, Su J, Wang Q. Self-assembled supramolecular systems for bone engineering applications. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|