1
|
Zheng Y, Yang W, Gao W, Zhang X, Wu Z, Wang M. A Bioartificial Pancreas with "Immune Stealth" and Continuous Oxygen Supply for Islet Transplantation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300383. [PMID: 37673078 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of microencapsulated islet cells remains a promising strategy for the normalization of glucose metabolism control in type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, vigorous host immunologic rejection, fibrotic overgrowth around the microcapsules, and poor oxygen supply often lead to graft failure. Herein, a bioartificial pancreas is constructed, which incorporates the "stealth effect" based on polyethylene glycol copolymers and the high oxygen-carrying performance of fluorinated nanoparticles. Polycationic poly(l-lysine)-grafted-poly(ethylene glycol) is successfully coated on the surface of alginate microcapsules through electrostatic interaction, which can not only resist fibrinogen adhesion and avoid excessive fibrosis around the microcapsules but also isolate the host immune system from attacking, achieving a "stealth effect" of microencapsulated islet cells. Furthermore, the coloading of fluoride-based O2 nanocarriers gives them enhanced oxygen-carrying and continuous oxygen supply capabilities, thereby effectively prolonging the survival of islet cells. The intracapsular islet cells still display similar cell viability and almost normal insulin secretion function even in long-term culture under hypoxic conditions. Collectively, here a new approach is opened for microencapsulated islets to efficiently evade host immune attack and improve oxygen supply and a promising strategy is provided for islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wenyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Weisong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose and Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Vascular Surgury, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Terasawa M, Zang L, Hiramoto K, Shimada Y, Mitsunaka M, Uchida R, Nishiura K, Matsuda K, Nishimura N, Suzuki K. Oral Administration of Rhamnan Sulfate from Monostroma nitidum Suppresses Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Cells 2023; 12:2666. [PMID: 37998401 PMCID: PMC10670814 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral administration of rhamnan sulfate (RS), derived from the seaweed Monostroma nitidum, markedly suppresses inflammatory damage in the vascular endothelium and organs of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. This study aimed to analyze whether orally administered RS inhibits the development of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammation of the arteries. ApoE-deficient female mice were fed a normal or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without RS for 12 weeks. Immunohistochemical and mRNA analyses of atherosclerosis-related genes were performed. The effect of RS on the migration of RAW264.7 cells was also examined in vitro. RS administration suppressed the increase in blood total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In the aorta of HFD-fed mice, RS reduced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, macrophage accumulation, and elevation of VCAM-1 and inhibited the reduction of Robo4. Increased mRNA levels of Vcam1, Mmp9, and Srebp1 in atherosclerotic areas of HFD-fed mice were also suppressed with RS. Moreover, RS directly inhibited the migration of RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Thus, in HFD-fed ApoE-deficient mice, oral administration of RS ameliorated abnormal lipid metabolism and reduced vascular endothelial inflammation and hyperpermeability, macrophage infiltration and accumulation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation in the arteries leading to atherosclerosis. These results suggest that RS is an effective functional food for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Terasawa
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Mari Mitsunaka
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Ryota Uchida
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Kaoru Nishiura
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Konan Chemical Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kitagomizuka, Kusu-cho, Yokkaichi 510-0103, Japan; (M.T.); (R.U.); (K.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Minamitamagaki-cho, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Estes Bright LM, Griffin L, Mondal A, Hopkins S, Ozkan E, Handa H. Biomimetic gasotransmitter-releasing alginate beads for biocompatible antimicrobial therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:911-921. [PMID: 36030716 PMCID: PMC9728620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Alginate is widely used in biomedical applications due to its high biocompatibility as well as structural and mechanical similarities to human tissue. Further, simple ionic crosslinking of alginate allows for the formation of alginate beads capable of drug delivery. S-nitrosoglutathione is a water-soluble molecule that releases nitric oxide in physiological conditions, where it acts as a potent antimicrobial gas, among other functions. As macrophages and endothelial cells endogenously produce nitric oxide, incorporating nitric oxide donors into polymers and hydrogels introduces a biomimetic approach to mitigate clinical infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. The incorporation of S-nitrosoglutathione into macro-scale spherical alginate beads is reported for the first time and shows exciting potential for biomedical applications. EXPERIMENTS Herein, nitric oxide-releasing crosslinked alginate beads were fabricated and characterized for surface and cross-sectional morphology, water uptake, size distribution, and storage stability. In addition, the NO release was quantified by chemiluminescence and its biological effects against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were investigated. The biocompatibility of the alginate beads was tested against 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. FINDINGS Overall, nitric oxide-releasing alginate beads demonstrate biologically relevant activities without eliciting a cytotoxic response, revealing their potential use as an antimicrobial material with multiple mechanisms of bacterial killing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori M Estes Bright
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Lauren Griffin
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Arnab Mondal
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Sean Hopkins
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Ekrem Ozkan
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dos Santos T, Galipeau M, Schukarucha Gomes A, Greenberg M, Larsen M, Lee D, Maghera J, Mulchandani CM, Patton M, Perera I, Polishevska K, Ramdass S, Shayeganpour K, Vafaeian K, Van Allen K, Wang Y, Weisz T, Estall JL, Mulvihill EE, Screaton RA. Islet Biology during COVID-19: Progress and Perspectives. Can J Diabetes 2021; 46:419-427. [PMID: 35589534 PMCID: PMC8608413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant impact on research directions and productivity in the past 2 years. Despite these challenges, since 2020, more than 2,500 peer-reviewed articles have been published on pancreatic islet biology. These include updates on the roles of isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase and incretin hormones in insulin secretion, as well as the discovery of inceptor and signalling by circulating RNAs. The year 2020 also brought advancements in in vivo and in vitro models, including a new transgenic mouse for assessing beta-cell proliferation, a “pancreas-on-a-chip” to study glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and successful genetic editing of primary human islet cells. Islet biologists evaluated the functionality of stem-cell–derived islet-like cells coated with semipermeable biomaterials to prevent autoimmune attack, revealing the importance of cell maturation after transplantation. Prompted by observations that COVID-19 symptoms can worsen for people with obesity or diabetes, researchers examined how islets are directly affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Herein, we highlight novel functional insights, technologies and therapeutic approaches that emerged between March 2020 and July 2021, written for both scientific and lay audiences. We also include a response to these advancements from patient stakeholders, to help lend a broader perspective to developments and challenges in islet research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Dos Santos
- Alberta Diabetes Institute & Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maria Galipeau
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Cardiometabolic Disease Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Amanda Schukarucha Gomes
- Alberta Diabetes Institute & Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Daniel Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jasmine Maghera
- Alberta Diabetes Institute & Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Megan Patton
- Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ineli Perera
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kateryna Polishevska
- Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Kasra Shayeganpour
- Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Kyle Van Allen
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yufeng Wang
- University Health Network, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tom Weisz
- Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Cardiometabolic Disease Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- Energy Substrate Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert A Screaton
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Strategies to address mesenchymal stem/stromal cell heterogeneity in immunomodulatory profiles to improve cell-based therapies. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:114-125. [PMID: 33857693 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have gained immense attention over the past two decades due to their multipotent differentiation potential and pro-regenerative and immunomodulatory cytokine secretory profiles. Their ability to modulate the host immune system and promote tolerance has prompted several allogeneic and autologous hMSC-based clinical trials for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease and several other immune-induced disorders. However, clinical success beyond safety is still controversial and highly variable, with inconclusive therapeutic benefits and little mechanistic explanation. This clinical variability has been broadly attributed to inconsistent MSC sourcing, phenotypic characterization, variable potency, and non-standard isolation protocols, leading to functional heterogeneity among administered MSCs. Homogeneous MSC populations are proposed to yield more predictable, reliable biological responses and clinically meaningful properties relevant to cell-based therapies. Limited comparisons of heterogeneous MSCs with homogenous MSCs are reported. This review addresses this gap in the literature with a critical analysis of strategies aimed at decreasing MSC heterogeneity concerning their reported immunomodulatory profiles. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review collates, summarizes, and critically analyzes published strategies that seek to improve homogeneity in immunomodulatory functioning MSC populations intended as cell therapies to treat immune-based disorders, such as graft-vs-host-disease. No such review for MSC therapies, immunomodulatory profiles and cell heterogeneity analysis is published. Since MSCs represent the most clinically studied experimental cell therapy platform globally for which there remains no US domestic marketing approval, insights into MSC challenges in therapeutic product development are imperative to providing solutions for immunomodulatory variabilities.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lopez-Mendez TB, Santos-Vizcaino E, Pedraz JL, Orive G, Hernandez RM. Cell microencapsulation technologies for sustained drug delivery: Latest advances in efficacy and biosafety. J Control Release 2021; 335:619-636. [PMID: 34116135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of cell microencapsulation systems began several decades ago. However, today few systems have been tested in clinical trials. For this reason, in the last years, researchers have directed efforts towards trying to solve some of the key aspects that still limit efficacy and biosafety, the two major criteria that must be satisfied to reach the clinical practice. Regarding the efficacy, which is closely related to biocompatibility, substantial improvements have been made, such as the purification or chemical modification of the alginates that normally form the microspheres. Each of the components that make up the microcapsules has been carefully selected to avoid toxicities that can damage the encapsulated cells or generate an immune response leading to pericapsular fibrosis. As for the biosafety, researchers have developed biological circuits capable of actively responding to the needs of the patients to precisely and accurately release the demanded drug dose. Furthermore, the structure of the devices has been subject of study to adequately protect the encapsulated cells and prevent their spread in the body. The objective of this review is to describe the latest advances made by scientist to improve the efficacy and biosafety of cell microencapsulation systems for sustained drug delivery, also highlighting those points that still need to be optimized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania B Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Edorta Santos-Vizcaino
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore.
| | - Rosa Maria Hernandez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cai X, Daniels O, Cucchiarini M, Madry H. Ectopic models recapitulating morphological and functional features of articular cartilage. Ann Anat 2021; 237:151721. [PMID: 33753232 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Articular cartilage is an extremely specialized connective tissue which covers all diarthrodial joints. Implantation of chondrogenic cells without or with additional biomaterial scaffolds in ectopic locationsin vivo generates substitutes of cartilage with structural and functional characteristics that are used in fundamental investigations while also serving as a basis for translational studies. METHODS Literature search in Pubmed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This narrative review summarizes the most relevant ectopic models, among which subcutaneous, intramuscular, and kidney capsule transplantation and elaborates on implanted cells and biomaterial scaffolds and on their use to recapitulate morphological and functional features of articular cartilage. Although the absence of a physiological joint environment and biomechanical stimuli is the major limiting factor, ectopic models are an established component for articular cartilage research aiming to generate a bridge between in vitro data and the clinically more relevant translational orthotopic in vivo models when their limitations are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cai
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Daniels
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Montanari E, Szabó L, Balaphas A, Meyer J, Perriraz-Mayer N, Pimenta J, Giraud MN, Egger B, Gerber-Lemaire S, Bühler L, Gonelle-Gispert C. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells derived from porcine exocrine pancreas improve insulin secretion from juvenile porcine islet cell clusters. Xenotransplantation 2021; 28:e12666. [PMID: 33538027 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal and juvenile porcine islet cell clusters (ICC) present an unlimited source for islet xenotransplantation to treat type 1 diabetes patients. We isolated ICC from pancreata of 14 days old juvenile piglets and characterized their maturation by immunofluorescence and insulin secretion assays. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells derived from exocrine tissue of same pancreata (pMSC) were characterized for their differentiation potential and ability to sustain ICC insulin secretion in vitro and in vivo. Isolation of ICC resulted in 142 ± 50 × 103 IEQ per pancreas. Immunofluorescence staining revealed increasing presence of insulin-positive beta cells between day 9 and 21 in culture and insulin content per 500IEC of ICC increased progressively over time from 1178.4 ± 450 µg/L to 4479.7 ± 1954.2 µg/L from day 7 to 14, P < .001. Highest glucose-induced insulin secretion by ICC was obtained at day 7 of culture and reached a fold increase of 2.9 ± 0.4 compared to basal. Expansion of adherent cells from the pig exocrine tissue resulted in a homogenous CD90+ , CD34- , and CD45- fibroblast-like cell population and differentiation into adipocytes and chondrocytes demonstrated their multipotency. Insulin release from ICC was increased in the presence of pMSC and dependent on cell-cell contact (glucose-induced fold increase: ICC alone: 1.6 ± 0.2; ICC + pMSC + contact: 3.2 ± 0.5, P = .0057; ICC + pMSC no-contact: 1.9 ± 0.3; theophylline stimulation: alone: 5.4 ± 0.7; pMSC + contact: 8.4 ± 0.9, P = .013; pMSC no-contact: 5.2 ± 0.7). After transplantation of encapsulated ICC using Ca2+ -alginate (alg) microcapsules into streptozotocin-induced diabetic and immunocompetent mice, transient normalization of glycemia was obtained up to day 7 post-transplant, whereas ICC co-encapsulated with pMSC did not improve glycemia and showed increased pericapsular fibrosis. We conclude that pMSC derived from juvenile porcine exocrine pancreas improves insulin secretion of ICC by direct cell-cell contact. For transplantation purposes, the use of pMSC to support beta-cell function will depend on the development of new anti-fibrotic polymers and/or on genetically modified pigs with lower immunogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Montanari
- Surgical Research Unit, CMU-1, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luca Szabó
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Balaphas
- Surgical Research Unit, CMU-1, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Meyer
- Surgical Research Unit, CMU-1, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Perriraz-Mayer
- Surgical Research Unit, CMU-1, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joel Pimenta
- Surgical Research Unit, CMU-1, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Noelle Giraud
- Cardiology, Dpt EMC, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Egger
- Surgical Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leo Bühler
- Surgical Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Gonelle-Gispert
- Surgical Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a novel scientific field that employs the use of stem cells as cell-based therapy for the regeneration and functional restoration of damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells bear characteristics such as the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation towards specific lineages and, therefore, serve as a backup reservoir in case of tissue injuries. Therapeutically, they can be autologously or allogeneically transplanted for tissue regeneration; however, allogeneic stem cell transplantation can provoke host immune responses leading to a host-versus-transplant reaction. A probable solution to this problem is stem cell encapsulation, a technique that utilizes various biomaterials for the creation of a semi-permeable membrane that encases the stem cells. Stem cell encapsulation can be accomplished by employing a great variety of natural and/or synthetic hydrogels and offers many benefits in regenerative medicine, including protection from the host’s immune system and mechanical stress, improved cell viability, proliferation and differentiation, cryopreservation and controlled and continuous delivery of the stem-cell-secreted therapeutic agents. Here, in this review, we report and discuss almost all natural and synthetic hydrogels used in stem cell encapsulation, along with the benefits that these materials, alone or in combination, could offer to cell therapy through functional cell encapsulation.
Collapse
|