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He L. Biomaterials for Regenerative Cranioplasty: Current State of Clinical Application and Future Challenges. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:84. [PMID: 38667541 PMCID: PMC11050949 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acquired cranial defects are a prevalent condition in neurosurgery and call for cranioplasty, where the missing or defective cranium is replaced by an implant. Nevertheless, the biomaterials in current clinical applications are hardly exempt from long-term safety and comfort concerns. An appealing solution is regenerative cranioplasty, where biomaterials with/without cells and bioactive molecules are applied to induce the regeneration of the cranium and ultimately repair the cranial defects. This review examines the current state of research, development, and translational application of regenerative cranioplasty biomaterials and discusses the efforts required in future research. The first section briefly introduced the regenerative capacity of the cranium, including the spontaneous bone regeneration bioactivities and the presence of pluripotent skeletal stem cells in the cranial suture. Then, three major types of biomaterials for regenerative cranioplasty, namely the calcium phosphate/titanium (CaP/Ti) composites, mineralised collagen, and 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) composites, are reviewed for their composition, material properties, and findings from clinical trials. The third part discusses perspectives on future research and development of regenerative cranioplasty biomaterials, with a considerable portion based on issues identified in clinical trials. This review aims to facilitate the development of biomaterials that ultimately contribute to a safer and more effective healing of cranial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhe He
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
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2
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Szwed-Georgiou A, Płociński P, Kupikowska-Stobba B, Urbaniak MM, Rusek-Wala P, Szustakiewicz K, Piszko P, Krupa A, Biernat M, Gazińska M, Kasprzak M, Nawrotek K, Mira NP, Rudnicka K. Bioactive Materials for Bone Regeneration: Biomolecules and Delivery Systems. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5222-5254. [PMID: 37585562 PMCID: PMC10498424 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Novel tissue regeneration strategies are constantly being developed worldwide. Research on bone regeneration is noteworthy, as many promising new approaches have been documented with novel strategies currently under investigation. Innovative biomaterials that allow the coordinated and well-controlled repair of bone fractures and bone loss are being designed to reduce the need for autologous or allogeneic bone grafts eventually. The current engineering technologies permit the construction of synthetic, complex, biomimetic biomaterials with properties nearly as good as those of natural bone with good biocompatibility. To ensure that all these requirements meet, bioactive molecules are coupled to structural scaffolding constituents to form a final product with the desired physical, chemical, and biological properties. Bioactive molecules that have been used to promote bone regeneration include protein growth factors, peptides, amino acids, hormones, lipids, and flavonoids. Various strategies have been adapted to investigate the coupling of bioactive molecules with scaffolding materials to sustain activity and allow controlled release. The current manuscript is a thorough survey of the strategies that have been exploited for the delivery of biomolecules for bone regeneration purposes, from choosing the bioactive molecule to selecting the optimal strategy to synthesize the scaffold and assessing the advantages and disadvantages of various delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szwed-Georgiou
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Przemysław Płociński
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Barbara Kupikowska-Stobba
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Mateusz M. Urbaniak
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
- The
Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes
of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University
of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Paulina Rusek-Wala
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
- The
Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes
of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University
of Lodz, Lodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Konrad Szustakiewicz
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Paweł Piszko
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krupa
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
| | - Monika Biernat
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gazińska
- Department
of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw 50-370, Poland
| | - Mirosław Kasprzak
- Biomaterials
Research Group, Lukasiewicz Research Network
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Krakow 31-983, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nawrotek
- Faculty
of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz 90-924, Poland
| | - Nuno Pereira Mira
- iBB-Institute
for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de
Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
- Instituto
Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Karolina Rudnicka
- Department
of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental
Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Poland
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Hu Q, Wu J, Zhang H, Dong W, Gu Y, Liu S. Designing Double-Layer Multi-Material Composite Patch Scaffold with Adhesion Resistance for Hernia Repair. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100510. [PMID: 35471592 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hernia repair mesh is associated with a number of complications, including adhesions and limited mobility, due to insufficient mechanical strength and non-resorbability. Among them, visceral adhesions are one of the most serious complications of patch repair. In this study, a degradable patch with an anti-adhesive layer was prepared for hernia repair by 3D printing and electrospinning techniques using polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and soybean peptide (SP). The study into the physicochemical properties of the patch was found that it had adequate mechanical strength requirements (16 N cm-1 ) and large elongation at break, which were superior than commercial polypropylene (PP) patches. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) proliferated well on composite patches, and showed excellent biocompatibility with the host and little adhesion through a rat abdominal wall defect model. In conclusion, the results of this study show that composite patch can effectively reduce the occurrence of adhesions, while the addition of SP in the patch further enhances its biocompatibility. We believe that a regenerative biological patch with great potential in hernia repair provides a new strategy for the development of new biomimetic biodegradable patches. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Hu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Engineering Training Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Haiguang Zhang
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Engineering Training Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wenpei Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Suihong Liu
- Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center, School of Mechatronical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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Petretta M, Gambardella A, Boi M, Berni M, Cavallo C, Marchiori G, Maltarello MC, Bellucci D, Fini M, Baldini N, Grigolo B, Cannillo V. Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050398. [PMID: 34064398 PMCID: PMC8147831 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a bioresorbable and biocompatible polymer that has been widely used in long-term implants. However, when it comes to regenerative medicine, PCL suffers from some shortcomings such as a slow degradation rate, poor mechanical properties, and low cell adhesion. The incorporation of ceramics such as bioactive glasses into the PCL matrix has yielded a class of hybrid biomaterials with remarkably improved mechanical properties, controllable degradation rates, and enhanced bioactivity, which are suitable for bone tissue engineering. The use of conventional approaches (such as solvent casting and particulate leaching, phase separation, electrospinning, freeze drying, etc.) in realizing these composite scaffolds strongly affects the control of both the internal and the external architecture of scaffolds, including pore size, pore morphology, and overall structure porosity. Accordingly, 3D printing was used in this study because of the benefits offered over conventional methods, such as high flexibility in shape and size, high reproducibility, capabilities of precise control over internal architecture down to the microscale level, and a customized design that can be tailored to specific patient needs. The optimization of the scaffold structure was previously investigated in terms of architecture through the combination of the Taguchi method and CAD drawing, and, in this study, it was investigated by varying the composition of the composite material. Abstract Polycaprolactone (PCL) is widely used in additive manufacturing for the construction of scaffolds for tissue engineering because of its good bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and processability. Nevertheless, its use is limited by its inadequate mechanical support, slow degradation rate and the lack of bioactivity and ability to induce cell adhesion and, thus, bone tissue regeneration. In this study, we fabricated 3D PCL scaffolds reinforced with a novel Mg-doped bioactive glass (Mg-BG) characterized by good mechanical properties and biological reactivity. An optimization of the printing parameters and scaffold fabrication was performed; furthermore, an extensive microtopography characterization by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy was carried out. Nano-indentation tests accounted for the mechanical properties of the scaffolds, whereas SBF tests and cytotoxicity tests using human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were performed to evaluate the bioactivity and in vitro viability. Our results showed that a 50/50 wt% of the polymer-to-glass ratio provides scaffolds with a dense and homogeneous distribution of Mg-BG particles at the surface and roughness twice that of pure PCL scaffolds. Compared to pure PCL (hardness H = 35 ± 2 MPa and Young’s elastic modulus E = 0.80 ± 0.05 GPa), the 50/50 wt% formulation showed H = 52 ± 11 MPa and E = 2.0 ± 0.2 GPa, hence, it was close to those of trabecular bone. The high level of biocompatibility, bioactivity, and cell adhesion encourages the use of the composite PCL/Mg-BG scaffolds in promoting cell viability and supporting mechanical loading in the host trabecular bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Petretta
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory RAMSES, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (B.G.)
- RegenHU LTD, Z.I. Du Vivier 22, CH-1690 Villaz-St-Pierre, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Gambardella
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Surgical Sciences and Technologies Complex Structure, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Boi
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Nanobiotechnology-NaBi, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0516366715
| | - Matteo Berni
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory Complex Structure, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Carola Cavallo
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory RAMSES, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (B.G.)
| | - Gregorio Marchiori
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Surgical Sciences and Technologies Complex Structure, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Maria Cristina Maltarello
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, BST Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Devis Bellucci
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (D.B.); (V.C.)
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Surgical Sciences and Technologies Complex Structure, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Nicola Baldini
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Nanobiotechnology-NaBi, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, BST Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- IRCCS–Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory RAMSES, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (C.C.); (B.G.)
| | - Valeria Cannillo
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (D.B.); (V.C.)
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Garot C, Bettega G, Picart C. Additive Manufacturing of Material Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration: Toward Application in the Clinics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2006967. [PMID: 33531885 PMCID: PMC7116655 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202006967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) allows the fabrication of customized bone scaffolds in terms of shape, pore size, material type and mechanical properties. Combined with the possibility to obtain a precise 3D image of the bone defects using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, it is now possible to manufacture implants for patient-specific bone regeneration. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the different materials and AM techniques used for the fabrication of 3D-printed scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering. Their advantages and drawbacks are highlighted. For materials, specific criteria, were extracted from a literature study: biomimetism to native bone, mechanical properties, biodegradability, ability to be imaged (implantation and follow-up period), histological performances and sterilization process. AM techniques can be classified in three major categories: extrusion-based, powder-based and liquid-base. Their price, ease of use and space requirement are analyzed. Different combinations of materials/AM techniques appear to be the most relevant depending on the targeted clinical applications (implantation site, presence of mechanical constraints, temporary or permanent implant). Finally, some barriers impeding the translation to human clinics are identified, notably the sterilization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Garot
- CEA, Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ERL 5000, IRIG Institute, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Georges Bettega
- Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Annecy-Genevois, 1 avenue de l’hôpital, F-74370 Epagny Metz-Tessy, France
- INSERM U1209, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- CEA, Université de Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ERL 5000, IRIG Institute, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble, France
- CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Engineering, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
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Kobbe P, Laubach M, Hutmacher DW, Alabdulrahman H, Sellei RM, Hildebrand F. Convergence of scaffold-guided bone regeneration and RIA bone grafting for the treatment of a critical-sized bone defect of the femoral shaft. Eur J Med Res 2020; 25:70. [PMID: 33349266 PMCID: PMC7754593 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-020-00471-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical-sized bone defects, mainly from trauma, infection or tumor resection are a challenging condition, often resulting in prolonged, complicated course of treatment. Autografts are considered as the gold standard to replace lost bone. However, limited amount of bone graft volume and donor-site morbidity have established the need for the development of alternative methods such as scaffold-based tissue engineering (TE). The emerging market of additive manufacturing (3D-printing) has markedly influenced the manufacturing of scaffolds out of a variety of biodegradable materials. Particularly medical-grade polycaprolactone and tricalcium phosphate (mPCL-TCP) scaffolds show appropriate biocompatibility and osteoconduction with good biomechanical strength in large preclinical animal models. This case report aims to show first evidence of the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of mPCL-TCP scaffolds applied in a patient with a long bone segmental defect. CASE PRESENTATION The presented case comprises a 29-year-old patient who has suffered a left-sided II° open femoral shaft fracture. After initial external fixation and subsequent conversion to reamed antegrade femoral nailing, the patient presented with an infection in the area of the formerly open fracture. Multiple revision surgeries followed to eradicate microbial colonization and attempt to achieve bone healing. However, 18 months after the index event, still insufficient diaphyseal bone formation was observed with circumferential bony defect measuring 6 cm at the medial and 11 cm at the lateral aspect of the femur. Therefore, the patient received a patient-specific mPCL-TCP scaffold, fitting the exact anatomical defect and the inserted nail, combined with autologous bone graft (ABG) harvested with the Reamer-Irrigator-Aspirator system (RIA-Synthes®) as well as bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Radiographic follow-up 12 months after implantation of the TE scaffold shows advanced bony fusion and bone formation inside and outside the fully interconnected scaffold architecture. CONCLUSION This case report shows a promising translation of scaffold-based TE from bench to bedside. Preliminary evidence indicates that the use of medical-grade scaffolds is safe and has the potential to improve bone healing. Further, its synergistic effects when combined with ABG and BMP-2 show the potential of mPCL-TCP scaffolds to support new bone formation in segmental long bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kobbe
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Markus Laubach
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Hatem Alabdulrahman
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard M Sellei
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopaedics, Sana Klinikum, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Bou‐Francis A, Piercey M, Al‐Qatami O, Mazzanti G, Khattab R, Ghanem A. Polycaprolactone blends for fracture fixation in low load‐bearing applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Bou‐Francis
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied ScienceDalhousie University Halifax Canada
| | - Marta Piercey
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied ScienceDalhousie University Halifax Canada
| | - Omar Al‐Qatami
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied ScienceDalhousie University Halifax Canada
| | - Gianfranco Mazzanti
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied ScienceDalhousie University Halifax Canada
| | - Rabie Khattab
- Clinical Nutrition DepartmentImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amyl Ghanem
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied ScienceDalhousie University Halifax Canada
- School of Biomedical EngineeringDalhousie University Halifax Canada
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Kosorn W, Sakulsumbat M, Lertwimol T, Thavornyutikarn B, Uppanan P, Chantaweroad S, Janvikul W. Chondrogenic phenotype in responses to poly(ɛ-caprolactone) scaffolds catalyzed by bioenzymes: effects of surface topography and chemistry. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:128. [PMID: 31776772 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6335-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) has been increasingly investigated as a promising scaffolding material for articular cartilage tissue repair. However, its use can be limited due to its surface hydrophobicity and topography. In this study, 3D porous PCL scaffolds fabricated by a fused deposition modeling (FDM) machine were enzymatically hydrolyzed using two different biocatalysts, namely Novozyme®435 and Amano lipase PS, at varied treatment conditions in a pH 8.0 phosphate buffer solution. The improved surface topography and chemistry of the PCL scaffolds were anticipated to ultimately boost the growth of porcine articular chondrocytes and promote the chondrogenic phenotype during cell culture. Alterations in surface roughness, wettability, and chemistry of the PCL scaffolds after enzymatic treatment were thoroughly investigated using several techniques, e.g., SEM, AFM, contact angle and surface energy measurement, and XPS. With increasing enzyme content, incubation time, and incubation temperature, the surfaces of the PCL scaffolds became rougher and more hydrophilic. In addition, Novozyme®435 was found to have a higher enzyme activity than Amano lipase PS when both were used in the same enzymatic treatment condition. Interestingly, the enzymatic degradation process rarely induced the deterioration of compressive strength of the bulk porous PCL material and slightly reduced the molecular weight of the material at the filament surface. After 28 days of culture, both porous PCL scaffolds catalyzed by Novozyme®435 and Amano lipase PS could facilitate the chondrocytes to not only proliferate properly, but also function more effectively, compared with the non-modified porous PCL scaffold. Furthermore, the enzymatic treatments with 50 mg of Novozyme®435 at 25 °C from 10 min to 60 min were evidently proven to provide the optimally enhanced surface roughness and hydrophilicity most significantly favorable for induction of chondrogenic phenotype, indicated by the greatest expression level of cartilage-specific gene and the largest production of total glycosaminoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasana Kosorn
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Morakot Sakulsumbat
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Tareerat Lertwimol
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Boonlom Thavornyutikarn
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Paweena Uppanan
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Surapol Chantaweroad
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wanida Janvikul
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
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Reconstruction of Medial Wall Blowout Fracture Defect with a Combination of Resorbable Meshed Plate and Cancellous Bone Allograft. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2656503. [PMID: 31737658 PMCID: PMC6815640 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2656503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Various materials are available for the reconstruction of bone defects in cases of medial wall blowout fracture. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of the combination of a resorbable meshed plate and cancellous bone allograft. Methods From March 2014 to March 2017, a total of 111 patients were evaluated. Sixty-three patients received reconstruction surgery with porous polyethylene plates (control group) and the other forty-eight patients underwent operation with a resorbable meshed plate plus allogenic cancellous bone (combined group). The results were assessed by exophthalmometric measurements, width, and volume discrepancies as compared with the unaffected orbit, and operation time. Results The difference in exophthalmometric measurements between the affected and unaffected orbits were 0.94 ± 0.70 mm in the control group and 1.05 ± 0.73 mm in the combined group without statistical significance (p = 0.425). In the analysis of computed tomography images, the width discrepancy was 1.55 ± 0.86 mm and 1.08 ± 0.69 mm, respectively (p = 0.003); however, the volume discrepancy demonstrated no statistically significant difference (2.58 ± 1.40 cm3 versus 2.20 ± 1.80 cm3; p = 0.209). Operation time was significantly shorter in the combined group as compared with the control group (43.0 ± 7.0 versus 38.3 ± 7.0 minutes; p = 0.001). Conclusion The combination material composed of resorbable meshed plate and cancellous bone allograft made reconstruction surgery of medial wall blowout fracture easier and quicker to perform with long-lasting results.
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Kim SY. Application of the three-dimensionally printed biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) mesh in repair of orbital wall fractures. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2019; 47:1065-1071. [PMID: 30935850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to investigate the surface characteristics and biomechanical properties of 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) mesh and present the clinical outcomes of this implant in the treatment of orbital wall fractures. PATIENTS AND METHOD A retrospective review of patients who underwent surgery for medial, inferior and inferomedial orbital wall fractures using PCL mesh was performed between April 2017 and June 2018. Two clinical outcomes were investigated: functional recovery and anatomical accuracy of reduction detected in image. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the microscopic morphology, surface characteristics, and porosity of the PCL mesh. RESULTS Among a total of 22 patients with a mean age of 41.3 years, the most common cause of injury was assault (54.5%). Fourteen patients (63.6%) had isolated orbital floor fractures. At postoperative 1-week follow-up, three patients (13.6%) exhibited diplopia and a further three patients (13.6%) showed restriction in ocular motility, but these patients had completely recovered by their 6-month postoperative follow-up. Ideal repair of orbital fracture was almost achieved in 21 patients (95.4%) and there were no cases of implant infection, inflammatory response, migration of implant, or hemorrhage. Microscopic imaging of PCL mesh surface revealed fully interconnected micropores with 50% porosity. CONCLUSIONS The repair of orbital wall fracture using PCL mesh offers reliable stabilization of orbital wall defects with a low complication rate, leading to outstanding functional and aesthetic outcomes. Therefore, PCL mesh is a good alternative for bioresorbable implants in the treatment of orbital wall fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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11
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Surmenev RA, Shkarina S, Syromotina DS, Melnik EV, Shkarin R, Selezneva II, Ermakov AM, Ivlev SI, Cecilia A, Weinhardt V, Baumbach T, Rijavec T, Lapanje A, Chaikina MV, Surmeneva MA. Characterization of biomimetic silicate- and strontium-containing hydroxyapatite microparticles embedded in biodegradable electrospun polycaprolactone scaffolds for bone regeneration. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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González-Gil AB, Lamo-Espinosa JM, Muiños-López E, Ripalda-Cemboráin P, Abizanda G, Valdés-Fernández J, López-Martínez T, Flandes-Iparraguirre M, Andreu I, Elizalde MR, Stuckensen K, Groll J, De-Juan-Pardo EM, Prósper F, Granero-Moltó F. Periosteum-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells in engineered implants promote fracture healing in a critical-size defect rat model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:742-752. [PMID: 30785671 DOI: 10.1002/term.2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An attractive alternative to bone autografts is the use of autologous mesenchymal progenitor cells (MSCs) in combination with biomaterials. We compared the therapeutic potential of different sources of mesenchymal stem cells in combination with biomaterials in a bone nonunion model. A critical-size defect was created in Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were divided into six groups, depending on the treatment to be applied: bone defect was left empty (CTL); treated with live bone allograft (LBA); hrBMP-2 in collagen scaffold (CSBMP2 ); acellular polycaprolactone scaffold (PCL group); PCL scaffold containing periosteum-derived MSCs (PCLPMSCs ) and PCL containing bone marrow-derived MSCs (PCLBMSCs ). To facilitate cell tracking, both MSCs and bone graft were isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic rats. CTL group did not show any signs of healing during the radiological follow-up (n = 6). In the LBA group, all the animals showed bone bridging (n = 6) whereas in the CSBMP2 group, four out of six animals demonstrated healing. In PCL and PCLPMSCs groups, a reduced number of animals showed radiological healing, whereas no healing was detected in the PCLBMSCs group. Using microcomputed tomography, the bone volume filling the defect was quantified, showing significant new bone formation in the LBA, CSBMP2 , and PCLPMSCs groups when compared with the CTL group. At 10 weeks, GFP positive cells were detected only in the LBA group and restricted to the outer cortical bone in close contact with the periosteum. Tracking of cellular implants demonstrated significant survival of the PMSCs when compared with BMSCs. In conclusion, PMSCs improve bone regeneration being suitable for mimetic autograft design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B González-Gil
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José M Lamo-Espinosa
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Emma Muiños-López
- Cell Therapy Area, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Gloria Abizanda
- Cell Therapy Area, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Valdés-Fernández
- Cell Therapy Area, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tania López-Martínez
- Cell Therapy Area, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Ion Andreu
- TECNUN, Universidad de Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María Reyes Elizalde
- TECNUN, Universidad de Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain.,CEIT, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Kai Stuckensen
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elena M De-Juan-Pardo
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Cell Therapy Area, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Hematology and Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Froilán Granero-Moltó
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Cell Therapy Area, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, IDISNA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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13
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Advances in additive manufacturing for bone tissue engineering scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:631-644. [PMID: 30948100 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the current state of the art of additive manufacturing techniques for the production of bone tissue engineering (BTE) scaffolds. The most well-known of these techniques include: stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modelling and three-dimensional printing. This review analyses in detail the basic physical principles and main applications of these techniques and presents a list of biomaterials for BTE applications, including commercial trademarks. It also describes and compares the main advantages and disadvantages and explains the highlights of each additive manufacturing technique and their evolution. Finally, is discusses both their capabilities and limitations and proposes potential strategies to improve this field.
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14
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Schaller B, Matthias Burkhard JP, Chagnon M, Beck S, Imwinkelried T, Assad M. Fracture Healing and Bone Remodeling With Human Standard-Sized Magnesium Versus Polylactide-Co-Glycolide Plate and Screw Systems Using a Mini-Swine Craniomaxillofacial Osteotomy Fixation Model. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 76:2138-2150. [PMID: 29684308 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared the degradation profile, safety, and efficacy of bioresorbable magnesium alloy and polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) polymer osteosynthesis systems for the treatment of fractures in a load-sharing maxillofacial environment using a new mini-swine fracture fixation model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two types of clinically relevant situations were evaluated in 5 Yucatan miniature pigs. Defined porcine midface osteotomies of the supraorbital rim and zygoma were created and fixed with either a coated magnesium (test animals) or PLGA plate and screw osteosynthesis system (control animals). After surgery, the mini-pigs were able to recover for either 1 or 9 months with continuous in vivo post-implantation monitoring. Standardized computed tomography (CT) imaging was taken immediately postoperatively and at termination for all animals. The 9-month cohort also underwent CT at 2, 4, and 6 months after surgery. At necropsy, osteotomy sites and bone-implant units were harvested, and healing was evaluated by micro-CT, histopathology, and histomorphometry. RESULTS After clinical and radiologic follow-up examination, all fracture sites healed well for both the magnesium and polymer groups regardless of time point. Complete bone union and gradually disappearing osteotomy lines were observed across all implantation sites, with no major consistency change in periprosthetic soft tissue or in soft tissue calcification. Macroscopic and microscopic examination showed no negative influence of gas formation observed with magnesium during the healing process. Histopathologic analysis showed similar fracture healing outcomes for both plating systems with good biocompatibility as evidenced by a minimal or mild tissue reaction. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that WE43 magnesium alloy exhibited excellent fracture healing properties before its full degradation without causing any substantial inflammatory reactions in a long-term porcine model. Compared with PLGA implants, magnesium represents a promising new biomaterial with reduced implant sizes and improved mechanical properties to support fracture healing in a load-sharing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Schaller
- Senior Physician, Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Stefan Beck
- Senior Scientist, Materials Group, Synthes Biomaterials, Oberdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Michel Assad
- Director, Orthopedics and Biomaterials, AccelLAB, Boisbriand, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Meshram M, Anchlia S, Shah H, Vyas S, Dhuvad J, Sagarka L. Buccal Fat Pad-Derived Stem Cells for Repair of Maxillofacial Bony Defects. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2018; 18:112-123. [PMID: 30728702 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-018-1106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of buccal fat pad-derived stem cells (BFPSCs) as a source for full thickness bone defect repair secondary to pathology in maxilla or mandible. Methods Fat-derived stem cells were isolated from buccal fat pad, differentiated into osteocytes in osteogenic medium, and seeded onto human bone defects. Autologous buccal fat pad was harvested and BFPSCs cultured within 4-6 weeks. Bone defects secondary to enucleation of pathologic cyst or tumors were reconstructed with osteogenically differentiated fat-derived stem cells. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining for osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase and genotypic and phenotypic marker analysis, and histomorphometric measurements of new bone were performed. Results Maxillofacial bone defects were successfully reconstructed by BFPSCs, which after implantation at an in vivo site yielded faster osseous regeneration. BFPSCs were associated with superior bone density formation, better blending of margins with enhanced bone trabecular formation, well-organized and well-vascularized lamellar bone with Haversian channels and osteocytes resulting in superior functional and cosmetic results with better quality of life and with significant decrease in secondary complications. Conclusion Buccal fat pad is an ideal tool in the hands of an oral and maxillofacial surgeon for tissue engineering and clinical use requiring bone tissue growth and repair, secondary to large osseous defects. This study demonstrates the feasibility of reconstructing bony defects with fat-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsu Meshram
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Sonal Anchlia
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Harsh Shah
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Siddharth Vyas
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Jigar Dhuvad
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
| | - Lalit Sagarka
- 117, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government of Dental College and Hospital, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad-16, India
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16
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Patient-Specific Surgical Implants Made of 3D Printed PEEK: Material, Technology, and Scope of Surgical Application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4520636. [PMID: 29713642 PMCID: PMC5884234 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4520636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly gaining acceptance in the healthcare sector. Three-dimensional (3D) virtual surgical planning, fabrication of anatomical models, and patient-specific implants (PSI) are well-established processes in the surgical fields. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been used, mainly in the reconstructive surgeries as a reliable alternative to other alloplastic materials for the fabrication of PSI. Recently, it has become possible to fabricate PEEK PSI with Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology. 3D printing of PEEK using FFF allows construction of almost any complex design geometry, which cannot be manufactured using other technologies. In this study, we fabricated various PEEK PSI by FFF 3D printer in an effort to check the feasibility of manufacturing PEEK with 3D printing. Based on these preliminary results, PEEK can be successfully used as an appropriate biomaterial to reconstruct the surgical defects in a “biomimetic” design.
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17
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Mendes LF, Katagiri H, Tam WL, Chai YC, Geris L, Roberts SJ, Luyten FP. Advancing osteochondral tissue engineering: bone morphogenetic protein, transforming growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor signaling drive ordered differentiation of periosteal cells resulting in stable cartilage and bone formation in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:42. [PMID: 29467016 PMCID: PMC5822604 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chondrogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have not yet been used to address the clinical demands of large osteochondral joint surface defects. In this study, self-assembling tissue intermediates (TIs) derived from human periosteum-derived stem/progenitor cells (hPDCs) were generated and validated for stable cartilage formation in vivo using two different animal models. Methods hPDCs were aggregated and cultured in the presence of a novel growth factor (GF) cocktail comprising of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2, growth differentiation factor (GDF)5, BMP6, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to study in vitro differentiation. Aggregates were then implanted ectopically in nude mice and orthotopically in critical-size osteochondral defects in nude rats and evaluated by microcomputed tomography (µCT) and immunohistochemistry. Results Gene expression analysis after 28 days of in vitro culture revealed the expression of early and late chondrogenic markers and a significant upregulation of NOGGIN as compared to human articular chondrocytes (hACs). Histological examination revealed a bilayered structure comprising of chondrocytes at different stages of maturity. Ectopically, TIs generated both bone and mineralized cartilage at 8 weeks after implantation. Osteochondral defects treated with TIs displayed glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production, type-II collagen, and lubricin expression. Immunostaining for human nuclei protein suggested that hPDCs contributed to both subchondral bone and articular cartilage repair. Conclusion Our data indicate that in vitro derived osteochondral-like tissues can be generated from hPDCs, which are capable of producing bone and cartilage ectopically and behave orthotopically as osteochondral units. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0787-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Mendes
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Katagiri
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - W L Tam
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y C Chai
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Geris
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Liege, Chemin des Chevreuils 1 - BAT 52/3, 4000, Liege 1, Belgium.,Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300C bus 2419, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S J Roberts
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - F P Luyten
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, O&N 1, Herestraat 49, bus 813, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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18
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Saveleva MS, Ivanov AN, Kurtukova MO, Atkin VS, Ivanova AG, Lyubun GP, Martyukova AV, Cherevko EI, Sargsyan AK, Fedonnikov AS, Norkin IA, Skirtach AG, Gorin DA, Parakhonskiy BV. Hybrid PCL/CaCO 3 scaffolds with capabilities of carrying biologically active molecules: Synthesis, loading and in vivo applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 85:57-67. [PMID: 29407157 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Designing advanced biomaterials for tissue regeneration with drug delivery and release functionalities remains a challenge in regenerative medicine. In this research, we have developed novel composite scaffolds based on polymeric polycaprolactone fibers coated with porous calcium carbonate structures (PCL/CaCO3) for tissue engineering and have shown their drug delivery and release in rats. In vivo biocompatibility tests of PCL/CaCO3 scaffolds were complemented with in vivo drug release study, where tannic acid (TA) was used as a model drug. Release of TA from the scaffolds was realized by recrystallization of the porous vaterite phase of calcium carbonate into the crystalline calcite. Cell colonization and tissue vascularization as well as transplantability of developed PCL/CaCO3+TA scaffolds were observed. Detailed study of scaffold transformations during 21-day implantation period was followed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies before and after in vivo implantation. The presented results demonstrate that PCL/CaCO3 scaffolds are attractive candidates for implants in bone regeneration and tissue engineering with a possibility of loading biologically active molecules and controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Saveleva
- Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov 410012, Russia; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - A N Ivanov
- Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, Saratov State Medical University, Chernyshevskogo 148, Saratov 410002, Russia; Department of Histology, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachya 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - M O Kurtukova
- Department of Histology, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachya 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - V S Atkin
- Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - A G Ivanova
- FSRC Crystallography and Photonics RAS, Leninskiy prospect 59, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | - G P Lyubun
- Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - A V Martyukova
- Department of Histology, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachya 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - E I Cherevko
- Department of Histology, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachya 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - A K Sargsyan
- Department of Histology, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachya 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - A S Fedonnikov
- Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, Saratov State Medical University, Chernyshevskogo 148, Saratov 410002, Russia
| | - I A Norkin
- Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, Saratov State Medical University, Chernyshevskogo 148, Saratov 410002, Russia
| | - A G Skirtach
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - D A Gorin
- Skoltech center of Photonics & Quantum Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Building 3, Moscow 143026, Russia; Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - B V Parakhonskiy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium; FSRC Crystallography and Photonics RAS, Leninskiy prospect 59, Moscow 119333, Russia.
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Lee SH, Cho YS, Hong MW, Lee BK, Park Y, Park SH, Kim YY, Cho YS. Mechanical properties and cell-culture characteristics of a polycaprolactone kagome-structure scaffold fabricated by a precision extruding deposition system. Biomed Mater 2017; 12:055003. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa8357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Tissue Engineering in Ophthalmology: Implications for Eyelid Reconstruction. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 33:157-162. [PMID: 27749619 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bioengineering aims to produce functional tissue replacements to repair defects and has been widely investigated over the past few decades. We aimed to review the available literature on the application of tissue engineering in ophthalmology, with a particular focus on ophthalmic plastic surgery and potential applications for eyelid reconstruction. METHODS A literature search was performed on the MEDLINE database using the keywords "bioengineering," "tissue engineering," and "ophthalmology." Articles written in English were included. RESULTS There is a substantial body of work on tissue engineering of the cornea. Other structures in ophthalmology investigated include the conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, and orbital bone. We also discuss the potential application of tissue engineering in eyelid reconstruction. CONCLUSION Tissue engineering represents the future of regenerative and reconstructive medicine, with significant potential applications in ophthalmic plastic surgery.
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Designing of macroporous magnetic bioscaffold based on functionalized methacrylate network covered by hydroxyapatites and doped with nano-MgFe 2 O 4 for potential cancer hyperthermia therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:901-911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zheng P, Yao Q, Mao F, Liu N, Xu Y, Wei B, Wang L. Adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in 3D printed poly-ε-caprolactone/hydroxyapatite scaffolds combined with bone marrow clots. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5078-5084. [PMID: 28849142 PMCID: PMC5647033 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a stem cell population capable of multi‑lineage differentiation, bound to porous biomaterial scaffolds, are widely used for bone tissue regeneration. However, there is evidence to suggest that MSC collection from bone marrow and expansion in vitro may result in phenotypic changes including a loss of differentiation potential and cell senescence. The aim of the present study was to find a facile and efficient approach to enable MSC adhesion and proliferation to scaffolds with osteogenic differentiation. Unprocessed bone marrow blood from the condyle of the distal femur in the rabbits were added to three‑dimensional (3D) printed porous poly-ε-caprolactone/hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) scaffolds with bone marrow clots (MC) formed, using two different methods for Group A (MC enriched scaffolds) and Group B (MC combined scaffolds), and then were cultured in osteogenic medium for 4 weeks. The scaffolds were assessed macroscopically and microscopically. Scaffold bioactivity and the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of seeded MSCs were measured. Higher cellular viability and greater cell numbers in the scaffolds at later phases of culture were observed in Group B compared with Group A. In addition, Group B was associated with greater osteoinductivity, alkaline phosphatase activity and bony nodule formation, as assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that more osteogenic differentiation was present in Group B, compared with Group A. MC combined scaffolds proved to be a highly efficient, reliable and simple novel method for MSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. The MC combined PCL‑HA multi‑scale porosity scaffold may represent a candidate for future bone regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Fengyong Mao
- Digital Medicine Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Nancy Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
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Youssef A, Hollister SJ, Dalton PD. Additive manufacturing of polymer melts for implantable medical devices and scaffolds. Biofabrication 2017; 9:012002. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa5766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Triblock Copolymers Based on ε-Caprolactone and Trimethylene Carbonate for the 3D Printing of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 40:176-184. [DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Biodegradable PCL- b-PTMC- b-PCL triblock copolymers based on trimethylene carbonate (TMC) and ε-caprolactone (CL) were prepared and used in the 3D printing of tissue engineering scaffolds. Triblock copolymers of various molecular weights containing equal amounts of TMC and CL were prepared. These block copolymers combine the low glass transition temperature of amorphous PTMC (approximately -20°C) and the semi-crystallinity of PCL (glass transition approximately -60°C and melting temperature approximately 60°C). Methods PCL- b-PTMC- b-PCL triblock copolymers were synthesized by sequential ring opening polymerization (ROP) of TMC and ε-CL. From these materials, films were prepared by solvent casting and porous structures were prepared by extrusion-based 3D printing. Results Films prepared from a polymer with a relatively high molecular weight of 62 kg/mol had a melting temperature of 58°C and showed tough and resilient behavior, with values of the elastic modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break of approximately 120 MPa, 16 MPa and 620%, respectively. Porous structures were prepared by 3D printing. Ethylene carbonate was used as a crystalizable and water-extractable solvent to prepare structures with microporous strands. Solutions, containing 25 wt% of the triblock copolymer, were extruded at 50°C then cooled at different temperatures. Slow cooling at room temperature resulted in pores with widths of 18 ± 6 μm and lengths of 221 ± 77 μm, rapid cooling with dry ice resulted in pores with widths of 13 ± 3 μm and lengths of 58 ± 12 μm. These PCL- b-PTMC- b-PCL triblock copolymers processed into porous structures at relatively low temperatures may find wide application as designed degradable tissue engineering scaffolds. Conclusions In this preliminary study we prepared biodegradable triblock copolymers based on 1,3-trimethylene carbonate and ε-caprolactone and assessed their physical characteristics. Furthermore, we evaluated their potential as melt-processable thermoplastic elastomeric biomaterials in 3D printing of tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
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Jain KG, Mohanty S, Ray AR, Malhotra R, Airan B. Culture & differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell into osteoblast on degradable biomedical composite scaffold: In vitro study. Indian J Med Res 2016; 142:747-58. [PMID: 26831424 PMCID: PMC4774072 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.174568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: There is a significant bone tissue loss in patients from diseases and traumatic injury. The current autograft transplantation gold standard treatment has drawbacks, namely donor site morbidity and limited supply. The field of tissue engineering has emerged with a goal to provide alternative sources for transplantations to bridge this gap between the need and lack of bone graft. The aim of this study was to prepare biocomposite scaffolds based on chitosan (CHT), polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) by freeze drying method and to assess the role of scaffolds in spatial organization, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in vitro, in order to achieve bone graft substitutes with improved physical-chemical and biological properties. Methods: Pure chitosan (100CHT) and composites (40CHT/HAP, 30CHT/HAP/PCL and 25CHT/HAP/PCL scaffolds containing 40, 30, 25 parts per hundred resin (phr) filler, respectively) in acetic acid were freeze dried and the porous foams were studied for physicochemical and in vitro biological properties. Results: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the scaffolds showed porous microstructure (20-300 μm) with uniform pore distribution in all compositions. Materials were tested under compressive load in wet condition (using phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4). The in vitro studies showed that all the scaffold compositions supported mesenchymal stem cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation as visible from SEM images, [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR. Interpretation & conclusions: Scaffold composition 25CHT/HAP/PCL showed better biomechanical and osteoinductive properties as evident by mechanical test and alkaline phosphatase activity and osteoblast specific gene expression studies. This study suggests that this novel degradable 3D composite may have great potential to be used as scaffold in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Brunelli M, Perrault CM, Lacroix D. Mechanical response of 3D Insert ® PCL to compression. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 65:478-489. [PMID: 27665083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
3D polymeric scaffolds are increasingly used for in vitro experiments aiming to mimic the environment found in vivo, to support for cellular growth and to induce differentiation through the application of external mechanical cues. In research, experimental results must be shown to be reproducible to be claimed as valid and the first clause to ensure consistency is to provide identical initial experimental conditions between trials. As a matter of fact, 3D structures fabricated in batch are supposed to present a highly reproducible geometry and consequently, to give the same bulk response to mechanical forces. This study aims to measure the overall mechanical response to compression of commercially available 3D Insert PCL scaffolds (3D PCL) fabricated in series by fuse deposition and evaluate how small changes in the architecture of scaffolds affect the mechanical response. The apparent elastic modulus (Ea) was evaluated by performing quasi-static mechanical tests at various temperatures showing a decrease in material stiffness from 5MPa at 25°C to 2.2MPa at 37°C. Then, a variability analysis revealed variations in Ea related to the repositioning of the sample into the testing machine, but also consistent differences comparing different scaffolds. To clarify the source of the differences measured in the mechanical response, the same scaffolds previously undergoing compression, were scanned by micro computed tomography (μCT) to identify any architectural difference. Eventually, to clarify the contribution given by differences in the architecture to the standard deviation of Ea, their mechanical response was qualitatively compared to a compact reference material such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This study links the geometry, architecture and mechanical response to compression of 3D PCL scaffolds and shows the importance of controlling such parameters in the manufacturing process to obtain scaffolds that can be used in vitro or in vivo under reproducible conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brunelli
- INSIGNEO Institute for in Silico Medicine, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
| | - C M Perrault
- INSIGNEO Institute for in Silico Medicine, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
| | - D Lacroix
- INSIGNEO Institute for in Silico Medicine, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
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Rai A, Senapati S, Saraf SK, Maiti P. Biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) as a controlled drug delivery vehicle of vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA infection. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5151-5160. [PMID: 32263513 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01623e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is developed as a controlled drug delivery vehicle of vancomycin (VMC) with the advantage of avoiding a second surgery. The PCL-VMC hybrid, prepared through a solution route, is used as a delivery vehicle for vancomycin for controlling MRSA osteomyelitis as well as healing the cavity simultaneously in an experimental study. An in vitro study is conducted to optimize vancomycin impregnation in the PCL-VMC hybrid. An in vitro study on drug release from the hybrid material is investigated in phosphate buffer saline showing steady and sustained release of the drug. The release kinetics is fitted with several models and a non-Fickian nature is established following the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Spectroscopic techniques and morphology observations reveal the cause of sustained release to be the strong interaction between the drug and the polymer. The results of the antibacterial assay show that the loading of vancomycin into the PCL matrix is able to maintain the activity of the pure drug. For the in vivo study, a unicortical defect is created in the metaphysis of the distal femur in rabbits. After contaminating the defect with MRSA, the 1st group of rabbits were treated with pure polymer, the 2nd group of rabbits were treated with normal saline (PBS), the 3rd group of rabbits were treated with pure VMC and in the last group of rabbits PCL-VMC was placed. Rabbits are assessed by clinical, radiological, histological, gross examination and bacterial load assays. Infection persisted throughout the period of study for both the pure polymer and PBS treated rabbits while rabbits treated with the PCL-VMC hybrid do not show any sign of infection. The VMC treated group rabbits show mild infection for the 1st week of the study; however, the infection becomes gradually more severe with time. Serial histology confirms the formation of new bone without any inflammation and necrosis for the rabbits treated with PCL-VMC. Importantly, the PCL-VMC hybrid bioadsorbs after delivery of the drug and thereby avoids the second surgery to remove the conventional implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Rai
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
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Recha-Sancho L, Moutos FT, Abellà J, Guilak F, Semino CE. Dedifferentiated Human Articular Chondrocytes Redifferentiate to a Cartilage-Like Tissue Phenotype in a Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Self-Assembling Peptide Composite Scaffold. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9060472. [PMID: 28773609 PMCID: PMC5456812 DOI: 10.3390/ma9060472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adult articular cartilage has a limited capacity for growth and regeneration and, with injury, new cellular or biomaterial-based therapeutic platforms are required to promote repair. Tissue engineering aims to produce cartilage-like tissues that recreate the complex mechanical and biological properties found in vivo. In this study, a unique composite scaffold was developed by infiltrating a three-dimensional (3D) woven microfiber poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold with the RAD16-I self-assembling nanofibers to obtain multi-scale functional and biomimetic tissue-engineered constructs. The scaffold was seeded with expanded dedifferentiated human articular chondrocytes and cultured for four weeks in control and chondrogenic growth conditions. The composite constructs were compared to control constructs obtained by culturing cells with 3D woven PCL scaffolds or RAD16-I independently. High viability and homogeneous cell distribution were observed in all three scaffolds used during the term of the culture. Moreover, gene and protein expression profiles revealed that chondrogenic markers were favored in the presence of RAD16-I peptide (PCL/RAD composite or alone) under chondrogenic induction conditions. Further, constructs displayed positive staining for toluidine blue, indicating the presence of synthesized proteoglycans. Finally, mechanical testing showed that constructs containing the PCL scaffold maintained the initial shape and viscoelastic behavior throughout the culture period, while constructs with RAD16-I scaffold alone contracted during culture time into a stiffer and compacted structure. Altogether, these results suggest that this new composite scaffold provides important mechanical requirements for a cartilage replacement, while providing a biomimetic microenvironment to re-establish the chondrogenic phenotype of human expanded articular chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Recha-Sancho
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, IQS School of Engineering, Ramon Llull University, Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain.
| | | | - Jordi Abellà
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Ramon Llull University, Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain.
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Cytex Therapeutics Inc., Durham, NC 27705, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University and Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Carlos E Semino
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, IQS School of Engineering, Ramon Llull University, Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain.
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Transformation of Breast Reconstruction via Additive Biomanufacturing. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28030. [PMID: 27301425 PMCID: PMC4908382 DOI: 10.1038/srep28030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue engineering offers a promising alternative to current breast reconstruction options. However, the conventional approach of using a scaffold in combination with adipose-derived precursor cells poses several problems in terms of scalability and hence clinical feasibility. Following the body-as-a-bioreactor approach, this study proposes a unique concept of delayed fat injection into an additive biomanufactured and custom-made scaffold. Three study groups were evaluated: Empty scaffold, Scaffold containing 4 cm3 lipoaspirate and Empty scaffold +2-week prevascularisation period. In group 3, of prevascularisation, 4 cm3 of lipoaspirate was injected into scaffolds after 2 weeks. Using a well-characterised additive biomanufacturing technology platform, patient-specific scaffolds made of medical-grade-polycaprolactone were designed and fabricated. Scaffolds were implanted in subglandular pockets in immunocompetent minipigs (n = 4) for 24-weeks. Angiogenesis and adipose tissue regeneration were observed in all constructs. Histological evaluation showed that the prevascularisation + lipoaspirate group had the highest relative area of adipose tissue (47.32% ± 4.12) which was significantly higher than both lipoaspirate-only (39.67% ± 2.04) and empty control group (8.31% ± 8.94) and similar to native breast tissue (44.97% ± 14.12). This large preclinical animal study provides proof-of-principle that the clinically applicable prevascularisation and delayed fat-injection techniques can be used for regeneration of large volumes of adipose tissue.
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Yao Q, Wei B, Liu N, Li C, Guo Y, Shamie AN, Chen J, Tang C, Jin C, Xu Y, Bian X, Zhang X, Wang L. Chondrogenic regeneration using bone marrow clots and a porous polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite scaffold by three-dimensional printing. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 21:1388-97. [PMID: 25530453 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffolds play an important role in directing three-dimensional (3D) cartilage regeneration. Our recent study reported the potential advantages of bone marrow clots (MC) in promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold chondrogenic regeneration. The aim of this study is to build a new scaffold for MC, with improved characteristics in mechanics, shaping, and biodegradability, compared to our previous study. To address this issue, this study prepared a 3D porous polycaprolactone (PCL)-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold combined with MC (Group A), while the control group (Group B) utilized a bone marrow stem cell seeded PCL-HA scaffold. The results of in vitro cultures and in vivo implantation demonstrated that although an initial obstruction of nutrient exchange caused by large amounts of fibrin and erythrocytes led to a decrease in the ratio of live cells in Group A, these scaffolds also showed significant improvements in cell adhesion, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation with porous recanalization in the later culture, compared to Group B. After 4 weeks of in vivo implantation, Group A scaffolds have a superior performance in DNA content, Sox9 and RunX2 expression, cartilage lacuna-like cell and ECM accumulation, when compared to Group B. Furthermore, Group A scaffold size and mechanics were stable during in vitro and in vivo experiments, unlike the scaffolds in our previous study. Our results suggest that the combination with MC proved to be a highly efficient, reliable, and simple new method that improves the biological performance of 3D PCL-HA scaffold. The MC-PCL-HA scaffold is a candidate for future cartilage regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiang Yao
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
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Dubois L, Steenen S, Gooris P, Bos R, Becking A. Controversies in orbital reconstruction—III. Biomaterials for orbital reconstruction: a review with clinical recommendations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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In vitro and in vivo bone formation potential of surface calcium phosphate-coated polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone/bioactive glass composite scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2016; 30:319-333. [PMID: 26563472 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL)-based composite scaffolds containing 50wt% of 45S5 Bioglass(®) (45S5) or strontium-substituted bioactive glass (SrBG) particles were fabricated into scaffolds using an additive manufacturing technique for bone tissue engineering purposes. The PCL scaffolds were surface coated with calcium phosphate (CaP) to enable further comparison of the osteoinductive potential of different scaffolds: PCL (control), PCL/CaP-coated, PCL/50-45S5 and PCL/50-SrBG scaffolds. The PCL/50-45S5 and PCL/50-SrBG composite scaffolds were reproducibly manufactured with a morphology highly resembling that of PCL only scaffolds. However, 50wt% loading of the bioactive glass (BG) particles into the PCL bulk decreased the scaffold's compressive Young's modulus. Coating of PCL scaffolds with CaP had a negligible effect on the scaffold's porosity and compressive Young's modulus. When immersed in culture media, BG dissolution ions (Si and Sr) were detected for up to 10weeks in the immersion media and surface precipitates were formed on both PCL/50-45S5 and PCL/50-SrBG scaffolds' surfaces, indicating good in vitro bioactivity. In vitro cell studies were conducted using sheep bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) under non-osteogenic or osteogenic conditioned media, and under static or dynamic culture environments. All scaffolds were able to support cell adhesion, growth and proliferation. However, when cultured in non-osteogenic media, only PCL/CaP, PCL/50-45S5 and PCL/50-SrBG scaffolds showed an up-regulation of osteogenic gene expression. Additionally, under a dynamic culture environment, the rate of cell growth, proliferation and osteoblast-related gene expression was enhanced across all scaffold groups. Subsequently, PCL/CaP, PCL/50-45S5 and PCL/50-SrBG scaffolds, with or without seeded cells, were implanted subcutaneously into nude rats for the evaluation of osteoinductivity potential. After 8 and 16weeks, host tissue infiltrated well into the scaffolds, but no mature bone formation was observed in any scaffolds groups. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This novelty of this research work is that it provide a comprehensive comparison, both in vitro and in vivo, between 3 different composite materials widely used in the field of bone tissue engineering for their bone regeneration capabilities. The materials used in this study include polycaprolactone, 45S5 Bioglass, strontium-substituted bioactive glass and calcium phosphate. Additionally, the composite materials were fabricated into the form of 3D scaffolds using additive manufacturing technique, a widely used technique in tissue engineering.
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Sun M, Chen M, Wang M, Hansen J, Baatrup A, Dagnaes-Hansen F, Rölfing JHD, Jensen J, Lysdahl H, Li H, Johannsen M, Le DQS, Kjems J, Bünger CE. In vivo drug release behavior and osseointegration of a doxorubicin-loaded tissue-engineered scaffold. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05351c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This pre-clinical study presented a dual function of a doxorubicin-loaded scaffold for both chemotherapeutic agent delivery and bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Sun
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - M. Chen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - M. Wang
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - J. Hansen
- Department of Forensic Medicine
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - A. Baatrup
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | | | | | - J. Jensen
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - H. Lysdahl
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - H. Li
- Spine Section
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- Aarhus University Hospital
- Denmark
| | - M. Johannsen
- Department of Forensic Medicine
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - D. Q. S. Le
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - J. Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
| | - C. E. Bünger
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory
- Aarhus University
- Denmark
- Spine Section
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
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Application of Additive Manufacturing in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 73:2408-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Liu X, Wei D, Zhong J, Ma M, Zhou J, Peng X, Ye Y, Sun G, He D. Electrospun Nanofibrous P(DLLA-CL) Balloons as Calcium Phosphate Cement Filled Containers for Bone Repair: in Vitro and in Vivo Studies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:18540-18552. [PMID: 26258872 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The spinal surgeon community has expressed significant interest in applying calcium phosphate cement (CPC) for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and minimizing its disadvantages, such as its water-induced collapsibility and poor mechanical properties, limiting its clinical use. In this work, novel biodegradable electrospun nanofibrous poly(d,l-lactic acid-ϵ-caprolactone) balloons (ENPBs) were prepared, and the separation, pressure, degradation, and new bone formation behaviors of the ENPBs when used as CPC-filled containers in vitro and in vivo were systematically analyzed and compared. CPC could be separated from surrounding bone tissues by ENPBs in vitro and in vivo. ENPB-CPCs (ENPBs serving as CPC-filled containers) exerted pressure on the surrounding bone microenvironment, which was enough to crush trabecular bone. Compared with the CPC implantation, ENPB-CPCs delayed the degradation of CPC (i.e., its water-induced collapsilibity). Finally, possible mechanisms behind the in vivo effects caused by ENPB-CPCs implanted into rabbit thighbones and pig vertebrae were proposed. This work suggests that ENPBs can be potentially applied as CPC-filled containers in vivo and provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of ENPBs for the treatment of VCFs. In addition, this work will be of benefit to the development of polymer-based medical implants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunwei Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan Military General Hospital , No. 25 Shifan Road, Jinan 200050, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Daixu Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology , No. 28 East Jiangchuang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology , No. 28 East Jiangchuang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjia Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , No. 800 Dongchuang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology , No. 28 East Jiangchuang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangtao Peng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan Military General Hospital , No. 25 Shifan Road, Jinan 200050, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ye
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan Military General Hospital , No. 25 Shifan Road, Jinan 200050, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan Military General Hospital , No. 25 Shifan Road, Jinan 200050, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dannong He
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology , No. 28 East Jiangchuang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , No. 800 Dongchuang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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Fox CB, Kim J, Le LV, Nemeth CL, Chirra HD, Desai TA. Micro/nanofabricated platforms for oral drug delivery. J Control Release 2015; 219:431-444. [PMID: 26244713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The oral route of drug administration is most preferred due to its ease of use, low cost, and high patient compliance. However, the oral uptake of many small molecule drugs and biotherapeutics is limited by various physiological barriers, and, as a result, drugs suffer from issues with low solubility, low permeability, and degradation following oral administration. The flexibility of micro- and nanofabrication techniques has been used to create drug delivery platforms designed to address these barriers to oral drug uptake. Specifically, micro/nanofabricated devices have been designed with planar, asymmetric geometries to promote device adhesion and unidirectional drug release toward epithelial tissue, thereby prolonging drug exposure and increasing drug permeation. Furthermore, surface functionalization, nanotopography, responsive drug release, motion-based responses, and permeation enhancers have been incorporated into such platforms to further enhance drug uptake. This review will outline the application of micro/nanotechnology to specifically address the physiological barriers to oral drug delivery and highlight technologies that may be incorporated into these oral drug delivery systems to further enhance drug uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cade B Fox
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jean Kim
- UC Berkeley & UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UCSF Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Long V Le
- UC Berkeley & UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UCSF Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Cameron L Nemeth
- UC Berkeley & UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UCSF Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hariharasudhan D Chirra
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UC Berkeley & UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UCSF Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Li Y, Chen SK, Li L, Qin L, Wang XL, Lai YX. Bone defect animal models for testing efficacy of bone substitute biomaterials. J Orthop Translat 2015; 3:95-104. [PMID: 30035046 PMCID: PMC5982383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Large bone defects are serious complications that are most commonly caused by extensive trauma, tumour, infection, or congenital musculoskeletal disorders. If nonunion occurs, implantation for repairing bone defects with biomaterials developed as a defect filler, which can promote bone regeneration, is essential. In order to evaluate biomaterials to be developed as bone substitutes for bone defect repair, it is essential to establish clinically relevant in vitro and in vivo testing models for investigating their biocompatibility, mechanical properties, degradation, and interactional with culture medium or host tissues. The results of the in vitro experiment contribute significantly to the evaluation of direct cell response to the substitute biomaterial, and the in vivo tests constitute a step midway between in vitro tests and human clinical trials. Therefore, it is essential to develop or adopt a suitable in vivo bone defect animal model for testing bone substitutes for defect repair. This review aimed at introducing and discussing the most available and commonly used bone defect animal models for testing specific substitute biomaterials. Additionally, we reviewed surgical protocols for establishing relevant preclinical bone defect models with various animal species and the evaluation methodologies of the bone regeneration process after the implantation of bone substitute biomaterials. This review provides an important reference for preclinical studies in translational orthopaedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu-Kui Chen
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Long Li
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin-Luan Wang
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Lai
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yao Q, Wei B, Guo Y, Jin C, Du X, Yan C, Yan J, Hu W, Xu Y, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Wang L. Design, construction and mechanical testing of digital 3D anatomical data-based PCL-HA bone tissue engineering scaffold. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:5360. [PMID: 25596860 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the techniques of design and construction of CT 3D reconstructional data-based polycaprolactone (PCL)-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold. Femoral and lumbar spinal specimens of eight male New Zealand white rabbits were performed CT and laser scanning data-based 3D printing scaffold processing using PCL-HA powder. Each group was performed eight scaffolds. The CAD-based 3D printed porous cylindrical stents were 16 piece × 3 groups, including the orthogonal scaffold, the Pozi-hole scaffold and the triangular hole scaffold. The gross forms, fiber scaffold diameters and porosities of the scaffolds were measured, and the mechanical testing was performed towards eight pieces of the three kinds of cylindrical scaffolds, respectively. The loading force, deformation, maximum-affordable pressure and deformation value were recorded. The pore-connection rate of each scaffold was 100 % within each group, there was no significant difference in the gross parameters and micro-structural parameters of each scaffold when compared with the design values (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the loading force, deformation and deformation value under the maximum-affordable pressure of the three different cylinder scaffolds when the load was above 320 N. The combination of CT and CAD reverse technology could accomplish the design and manufacturing of complex bone tissue engineering scaffolds, with no significant difference in the impacts of the microstructures towards the physical properties of different porous scaffolds under large load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Hospital, Nanjing, 210006, China
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Ali Akbari Ghavimi S, Ebrahimzadeh MH, Solati-Hashjin M, Abu Osman NA. Polycaprolactone/starch composite: Fabrication, structure, properties, and applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2482-98. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Ali Akbari Ghavimi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; University of Malaya; 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | - Mehran Solati-Hashjin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; University of Malaya; 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology; 15914 Tehran Iran
| | - Noor Azuan Abu Osman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; University of Malaya; 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Cao X, Chen Y, Chai W, Zhang W, Wang Y, Fu PF. Thermoresponsive self-assembled nanovesicles based on amphiphilic triblock copolymers and their potential applications as smart drug release carriers. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cao
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yunxiang Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Wenchao Chai
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yudong Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Peng-Fei Fu
- Dow Corning Corporation; Midland Michigan 48686
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ECM inspired coating of embroidered 3D scaffolds enhances calvaria bone regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:217078. [PMID: 25013767 PMCID: PMC4072022 DOI: 10.1155/2014/217078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Resorbable polymeric implants and surface coatings are an emerging technology to treat bone defects and increase bone formation. This approach is of special interest in anatomical regions like the calvaria since adults lose the capacity to heal large calvarial defects. The present study assesses the potential of extracellular matrix inspired, embroidered polycaprolactone-co-lactide (PCL) scaffolds for the treatment of 13 mm full thickness calvarial bone defects in rabbits. Moreover the influence of a collagen/chondroitin sulfate (coll I/cs) coating of PCL scaffolds was evaluated. Defect areas filled with autologous bone and empty defects served as reference. The healing process was monitored over 6 months by combining a novel ultrasonographic method, radiographic imaging, biomechanical testing, and histology. The PCL coll I/cs treated group reached 68% new bone volume compared to the autologous group (100%) and the biomechanical stability of the defect area was similar to that of the gold standard. Histological investigations revealed a significantly more homogenous bone distribution over the whole defect area in the PCL coll I/cs group compared to the noncoated group. The bioactive, coll I/cs coated, highly porous, 3-dimensional PCL scaffold acted as a guide rail for new skull bone formation along and into the implant.
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Wang Y, Bi X, Zhou H, Deng Y, Sun J, Xiao C, Gu P, Fan X. Repair of orbital bone defects in canines using grafts of enriched autologous bone marrow stromal cells. J Transl Med 2014; 12:123. [PMID: 24886296 PMCID: PMC4036112 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Bone tissue engineering is a new approach for the repair of orbital defects. The aim of the present study was to explore the feasibility of tissue-engineered bone constructed using bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) that were rapidly isolated and concentrated from bone marrow (BM) by the red cell lysis method, then combined with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) to create grafts used to restore orbital bone defects in canines. Methods In the experimental group, grafts were constructed using BMSCs obtained by red cell lysis from 20 ml bone marrow, combined with β-TCP and BM via the custom-made stem cell-scaffold device, then used to repair 10 mm diameter medial orbital wall bony defects in canines. Results were compared with those in groups grafted with BM/β-TCP or β-TCP alone, or with defects left untreated as controls. The enrichment of BMSCs and nucleated cells (NCs) in the graft was calculated from the number in untreated bone marrow and in suspensions after red cell lysis. Spiral computed tomography (CT) scans were performed 1, 4, 12 and 24 weeks after implantation in all groups. Gross examination, micro-CT and histological measurements were performed 24 weeks after surgery. The results were analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of bone repair. Results The number of NCs and of colony-forming units within the scaffolds were increased 54.8 times and 53.4 times, respectively, compared with untreated bone marrow. In the BMSC-BM/β-TCP group, CT examination revealed that the scaffolds were gradually absorbed and the bony defects were restored. Micro-CT and histological examination confirmed that the implantations led to good repair of the defects, with 6 out 8 orbital defects completely restored in the experimental group, while by contrast, the grafts in the control groups did not fully repair the bony defects, a difference which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Tissue-engineered bone, constructed using BMSCs isolated by red cell lysis of BM, can restore critical-sized orbital wall defects in canines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Henstock JR, Ruktanonchai UR, Canham LT, Anderson SI. Porous silicon confers bioactivity to polycaprolactone composites in vitro. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:1087-1097. [PMID: 24398914 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is an essential element for healthy bone development and supplementation with its bioavailable form (silicic acid) leads to enhancement of osteogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Porous silicon (pSi) is a novel material with emerging applications in opto-electronics and drug delivery which dissolves to yield silicic acid as the sole degradation product, allowing the specific importance of soluble silicates for biomaterials to be investigated in isolation without the elution of other ionic species. Using polycaprolactone as a bioresorbable carrier for porous silicon microparticles, we found that composites containing pSi yielded more than twice the amount of bioavailable silicic acid than composites containing the same mass of 45S5 Bioglass. When incubated in a simulated body fluid, the addition of pSi to polycaprolactone significantly increased the deposition of calcium phosphate. Interestingly, the apatites formed had a Ca:P ratio directly proportional to the silicic acid concentration, indicating that silicon-substituted hydroxyapatites were being spontaneously formed as a first order reaction. Primary human osteoblasts cultured on the surface of the composite exhibited peak alkaline phosphatase activity at day 14, with a proportional relationship between pSi content and both osteoblast proliferation and collagen production over 4 weeks. Culturing the composite with J744A.1 murine macrophages demonstrated that porous silicon does not elicit an immune response and may even inhibit it. Porous silicon may therefore be an important next generation biomaterial with unique properties for applications in orthopaedic tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Henstock
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK,
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Hamlekhan A, Moztarzadeh F, Mozafari M, Azami M, Nezafati N. Preparation of laminated poly(ε-caprolactone)-gelatin-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffold bioengineered via compound techniques for bone substitution. BIOMATTER 2014; 1:91-101. [PMID: 23507731 PMCID: PMC3548252 DOI: 10.4161/biom.1.1.17445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this research, new bioactive nanocomposite scaffolds were successfully developed using poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), cross-linked gelatin and nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) after testing different solvents and methods. First, HAp powder was synthesized via a chemical precipitation technique and characterized. Then, the nanocomposites were prepared through layer solvent casting combined with freeze-drying and lamination techniques. According to the results, the increasing of the PCL weight in the scaffolds led to the improvement of the mechanical properties. The amount of ultimate stress, stiffness and also elastic modulus increased from 8 MPa for 0% wt PCL to 23.5 MPa for 50% wt PCL. The biomineralization study revealed the formation of an apatite layer on the scaffolds after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The Ca-P ratios were in accordance to nonstoichiometric biological apatite, which was approximately 1.67. The in vitro biocompatibility and cytocompatibility of the scaffolds were tested using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the results indicated no sign of toxicity, and cells were found to be attached to the scaffold walls. The in vivo biocompatibility and osteogenesis of these scaffolds in the animal experiments is also under investigation, and the result will be published at the end of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhang Hamlekhan
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering (Center of Excellence), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Weigel T, Schinkel G, Lendlein A. Design and preparation of polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering. Expert Rev Med Devices 2014; 3:835-51. [PMID: 17280547 DOI: 10.1586/17434440.3.6.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering can be prepared with a multitude of different techniques. Many diverse approaches have recently been under development. The adaptation of conventional preparation methods, such as electrospinning, induced phase separation of polymer solutions or porogen leaching, which were developed originally for other research areas, are described. In addition, the utilization of novel fabrication techniques, such as rapid prototyping or solid free-form procedures, with their many different methods to generate or to embody scaffold structures or the usage of self-assembly systems that mimic the properties of the extracellular matrix are also described. These methods are reviewed and evaluated with specific regard to their utility in the area of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Weigel
- Department of Polymer Technology, Institute of Polymer Research, GKSS Research Center Geesthacht, Kantstr 55, D-14513 Teltow, Germany.
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Guarino V, Raucci MG, Ambrosio L. Micro/Nanotexturing and Bioactivation Strategies to Design Composite Scaffolds and ECM-Like Analogues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201300074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials and DSCTM-CNR; P. le Tecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials and DSCTM-CNR; P. le Tecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials and DSCTM-CNR; P. le Tecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy
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Jo S, Kang SM, Park SA, Kim WD, Kwak J, Lee H. Enhanced Adhesion of Preosteoblasts inside 3DPCL Scaffolds by Polydopamine Coating and Mineralization. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:1389-95. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunae Jo
- Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Sung Min Kang
- Department of Marine Bio-materials & Aquaculture; Pukyong National University; Busan 608-737 South Korea
| | - Su A. Park
- Nature-Inspired Mechanical System Team, Nano Convergence and Manufacturing Systems Research Division; Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials; Daejeon 305-343 South Korea
| | - Wan Doo Kim
- Nature-Inspired Mechanical System Team, Nano Convergence and Manufacturing Systems Research Division; Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials; Daejeon 305-343 South Korea
| | - Juhyoun Kwak
- Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience & Technology (WCU), KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
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PROGRESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMEDICAL POLYMER MATERIALS FABRICATED BY 3-DIMENSIONAL PRINTING TECHNOLOGY. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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