1
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Pound BG. Pit initiation on biomedical alloys-A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35367. [PMID: 38247250 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Biomedical alloys, like many engineering alloys, have chemical or physical heterogeneities at the surface, and such heterogeneities can potentially act as sites for pit initiation. Alloys of particular interest are 316/316L (and 316LVM) stainless steel, nitinol, and CoCr alloys. This review focuses on the sites-generally inclusions-that have been associated with pitting in various studies of biomedical alloys in simulated physiological solutions. The effect of these sites is discussed in relation to factors such as type and size. For both 316/316L stainless steel and nitinol, pitting has been found to initiate at two different types of inclusions: sulfide and oxide inclusions in stainless steel, and carbide and oxide inclusions in nitinol. Sulfide inclusions tend to be the predominant sites for pitting on 316/316L stainless steel, while there is some evidence to suggest that carbide inclusions may be more effective than oxide inclusions for pitting on nitinol. CoCrMo alloys differ from the other two alloys in that, although particles can be present in the form of carbides, the carbides typically do not provide sites for pit initiation except possibly for alloys with a high-C content, certain heat treatments, and when anodically polarized to high potentials. CoNiCrMo differs further in that TiN inclusions can be present in the vicinity of pits and might be associated with them, but irrespective of the initiation site, any pits are unlikely to grow because of repassivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G Pound
- Materials and Corrosion Engineering, Exponent, Menlo Park, California, USA
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2
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Zhang L, Tan Z, Wu T, Zhang L, Hao B. Investigation on the Corrosion Resistance Properties of Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloy Artificial Human Body Components with Robust Biomimetic Superhydrophobic and Slippery Surfaces Based on Laser Texturing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14996-15013. [PMID: 37782749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy is used as a material for artificial human body components such as artificial hip joint and artificial denture and is often affected by electrochemical corrosion in human body fluids and saliva, which leads to inflammatory reactions and damage to the surrounding tissues as well as loosening and failure of the body components themselves. Few studies have been conducted to prepare corrosion-resistant coatings on the surface of Co28Cr6Mo. In this study, we used laser texturing to process a bionic 3D micronanocomposite structure on the surface of Co28Cr6Mo and quickly prepared a superhydrophobic and slippery surface coating with excellent corrosion resistance using polydimethylsiloxane solution and silicone oil modification. This surface had ultralow surface adhesion and good robustness of durability and abrasion resistance, reducing bacterial colonization or tissue adhesion and solving the problem of the lack of stability of the superhydrophobic surface. Microgrid grooves and layered nanoparticles were structurally responsible for the variation in wettability. The formation mechanism and composition of the prepared coatings were further analyzed. Electrochemical corrosion experiments were conducted on the surface in simulating body fluid and saliva environments, which showed the enhanced corrosion resistance of the prepared surface in the human body. These findings can further develop the surface functional modification of Co28Cr6Mo, accelerating basic and applied research studies on artificial human components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zheng Tan
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Tianci Wu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Lulin Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Bo Hao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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3
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Mani G, Porter D, Grove K, Collins S, Ornberg A, Shulfer R. Surface finishing of Nitinol for implantable medical devices: A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:2763-2778. [PMID: 35729868 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitinol (NiTi), a nickel-titanium alloy, has been used for various cardiovascular, orthopedic, fracture fixation, and orthodontic devices. As with most other metallic biomaterials, the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of NiTi are primarily determined by the properties of the surface oxide layer such as thickness, chemical composition, structure, uniformity, and stability. Currently, a number of finishing methods are used to improve the properties of surface oxide of NiTi with an ultimate goal to produce a defect-free, impurity-free, thin homogeneous oxide layer that is stable and composed of only titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) with negligible amount of Ni species. This review discusses the effects of various surface finishing methods such as mechanical polishing, electropolishing, magnetoelectropolishing, heat treatments at different temperatures, passivation, chemical etching, boiling in water, hydrogen peroxide treatment, and sterilization techniques (steam autoclave, ethylene oxide, dry heat, peracetic acid, and plasma-based treatments) on the properties of a surface oxide layer and how it impacts the corrosion resistance of NiTi. Considering the findings of the literature review, a checklist has been provided to assist with choosing finishing/sterilization methods and relevant rationale and recommendations to consider when selecting a surface finishing process for NiTi used in implantable medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Mani
- Division of Science and Technology, Abbott, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Deanna Porter
- Division of Science and Technology, Abbott, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kent Grove
- Division of Science and Technology, Abbott, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shell Collins
- Division of Science and Technology, Abbott, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andreas Ornberg
- Division of Science and Technology, Abbott, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert Shulfer
- Division of Science and Technology, Abbott, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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4
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Zhang L, Tan Z, Zhang C, Tang J, Yao C, You X, Hao B. Research on Metal Corrosion Resistant Bioinspired Special Wetting Surface Based on Laser Texturing Technology: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1431. [PMID: 36144054 PMCID: PMC9500750 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal substrates are widely used in engineering production. However, material life reduction and economic loss due to chemical and electrochemical corrosion are a major problem facing people. Electrochemical corrosion is the main corrosion mode of metals, such as seawater corrosion. It is found that the superhydrophobic surface treated by laser texturing plays an important role in the corrosion resistance of the substrate, with the laser texturing process and post-treatment affecting the corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance is positively correlated with the superhydrophobic property of the surface. For the mechanism of corrosion resistance, this paper summarizes the effect of micro-nano structure, surface-modified coating, oxidation layer or new product layer, surface inhomogeneity, crystal structure, and slippery surface on corrosion resistance. Superhydrophobic surface and slippery surface are two common types of bioinspired, special wetting surfaces. In order to prepare better superhydrophobic and corrosion-resistant surfaces, this paper summarizes the selection and optimization of laser parameters, surface structure, processing media, and post-treatment from the point of view of mechanism and law. In addition, after summarizing the corrosion resistance mechanism, this paper introduces a series of characterization experiments that can measure the corrosion resistance, providing a reference for preparation and evaluation of the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zheng Tan
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jingrong Tang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Chi Yao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xiangyu You
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Bo Hao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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5
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Veverkova J, Bartkova D, Weiser A, Dlouhy A, Babula P, Stepka P, Pavkova Goldbergova M. Effect of Ni ion release on the cells in contact with NiTi alloys. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7934-7942. [PMID: 31893362 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nickel-titanium alloys have been used in medical applications for several years; however, biocompatibility of the material remains controversial. In the present study, the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in contact with the nitinol used in two different heat treatment surface modifications-helium and hydrogen. The amount of Ni ions released from these alloys in contact with HUVEC was measured in media and in the cells by ICP-MS. An increased release of Ni ions was detected in He alloy compared with H2 alloy modification with an elevation with the metal exposition duration (24 h vs. 72 h). The cells contained the Ni ions in both selected alloy modifications with the lower levels in H2 alloys. To evaluate the potential of multiple metal applications, similar values were observed in media and in cell suspension for all surface modification combinations. The model analysis of effect of metal ion release on distant cells in the body showed that the concentration is interestingly similar to concentrations in cells in direct contact with the metal alloy. The cells are able to regulate the concentration of Ni ions within the cell. According to our best knowledge, the study for the first time describes the presence of Ni ions released from nitinol directly in the cells. In the case of the H2 modification, the lowest levels of Ni ions were detected both in medium and in the cells, which likely increases the biocompatibility of the nitinol alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Veverkova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Bartkova
- Academy of Sciences CR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Zizkova 22, 616 62, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Weiser
- Academy of Sciences CR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Zizkova 22, 616 62, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Dlouhy
- Academy of Sciences CR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Zizkova 22, 616 62, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stepka
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Pavkova Goldbergova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Nasakina EO, Sudarchikova MA, Sergienko KV, Konushkin SV, Sevost’yanov MA. Ion Release and Surface Characterization of Nanostructured Nitinol during Long-Term Testing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1569. [PMID: 31694335 PMCID: PMC6915401 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The corrosion resistance of nanostructured nitinol (NiTi) was investigated using long-term tests in solutions simulating physiological fluids at static conditions, reflecting the material structure and metal concentration in the solutions. Mechanical polishing reduced the ion release by a factor of two to three, whereas annealing deteriorated the corrosion resistance. The depassivation and repassivation of nitinol surfaces were considered. We found that nanostructured nitinol might increase the corrosion leaching of titanium into solutions, although the nickel release decreased. Metal dissolution did not occur in the alkaline environment or artificial plasma. A Ni-free surface with a protective 25 nm-thick titanium oxide film resulted from soaking mechanically treated samples of the NiTi wire in a saline solution for two years under static conditions. Hence, the medical application of nanostructured NiTi, such as for the production of medical devices and implants such as stents, shows potential compared with microstructured NiTi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena O. Nasakina
- Laboratory of Durability and Plasticity of Metal and Composite Materials and Nanomaterials, Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS (IMET RAS), Leninsky Prospect 49, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.S.); (K.V.S.); (S.V.K.); (M.A.S.)
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7
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Yuan B, Zhu M, Chung CY. Biomedical Porous Shape Memory Alloys for Hard-Tissue Replacement Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1716. [PMID: 30217097 PMCID: PMC6164106 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Porous shape memory alloys (SMAs), including NiTi and Ni-free Ti-based alloys, are unusual materials for hard-tissue replacements because of their unique superelasticity (SE), good biocompatibility, and low elastic modulus. However, the Ni ion releasing for porous NiTi SMAs in physiological conditions and relatively low SE for porous Ni-free SMAs have delayed their clinic applications as implantable materials. The present article reviews recent research progresses on porous NiTi and Ni-free SMAs for hard-tissue replacements, focusing on two specific topics: (i) synthesis of porous SMAs with optimal porous structure, microstructure, mechanical, and biological properties; and, (ii) surface modifications that are designed to create bio-inert or bio-active surfaces with low Ni releasing and high biocompatibility for porous NiTi SMAs. With the advances of preparation technique, the porous SMAs can be tailored to satisfied porous structure with porosity ranging from 30% to 85% and different pore sizes. In addition, they can exhibit an elastic modulus of 0.4⁻15 GPa and SE of more than 2.5%, as well as good cell and tissue biocompatibility. As a result, porous SMAs had already been used in maxillofacial repairing, teeth root replacement, and cervical and lumbar vertebral implantation. Based on current research progresses, possible future directions are discussed for "property-pore structure" relationship and surface modification investigations, which could lead to optimized porous biomedical SMAs. We believe that porous SMAs with optimal porous structure and a bioactive surface layer are the most competitive candidate for short-term and long-term hard-tissue replacement materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chi Yuen Chung
- Department of Physics & Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Weaver JD, Gutierrez EJ, Nagaraja S, Stafford PR, Sivan S, Di Prima M. Sodium Hypochlorite Treatment and Nitinol Performance for Medical Devices. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE 2017; 26:4245-4254. [PMID: 30774284 PMCID: PMC6374772 DOI: 10.1007/s11665-017-2880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Processing of nitinol medical devices has evolved over the years as manufacturers have identified methods of reducing surface defects such as inclusions. One recent method proposes to soak nitinol medical devices in a 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution as a means of identifying surface inclusions. Devices with surface inclusions could in theory then be removed from production because inclusions would interact with NaClO to form a visible black material on the nitinol surface. To understand the effects of an NaClO soak on performance, we compared as-received and NaClO-soaked nitinol wires with two different surface finishes (black oxide and electropolished). Pitting corrosion susceptibility was equivalent between the as-received and NaClO-soaked groups for both surface finishes. Nickel ion release increased in the NaClO-soaked group for black oxide nitinol, but was equivalent for electropolished nitinol. Fatigue testing revealed a lower fatigue life for NaClO-soaked black oxide nitinol at all alternating strains. With the exception of 0.83% alternating strain, NaClO-soaked and as-received electropolished nitinol had similar average fatigue life, but the NaClO-soaked group showed higher variability. NaClO-soaked electropolished nitinol had specimens with the lowest number of cycles to fracture for all alternating strains tested with the exception of the highest alternating strain 1.2%. The NaClO treatment identified only one specimen with surface inclusions and caused readily identifiable surface damage to the black oxide nitinol. Damage from the NaClO soak to electropolished nitinol surface also appears to have occurred and is likely the cause of the increased variability of the fatigue results. Overall, the NaClO soak appears to not lead to an improvement in nitinol performance and seems to be damaging to the nitinol surface in ways that may not be detectable with a simple visual inspection for black material on the nitinol surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Weaver
- Division of Applied Mechanics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - E J Gutierrez
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - S Nagaraja
- Division of Applied Mechanics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - P R Stafford
- Winchester Engineering and Analytical Center, Office of Regulatory Affairs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Winchester, MA
| | - S Sivan
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - M Di Prima
- Division of Applied Mechanics, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
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9
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Pound BG. Pit initiation on nitinol in simulated physiological solutions. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:1605-1610. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G. Pound
- Exponent, 149 Commonwealth Drive, Menlo Park; California 94025
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10
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Biocompatibility of NiTi alloys in the cell behaviour. Biometals 2017; 30:163-169. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-017-0002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Gill P, Musaramthota V, Munroe N, Datye A, Dua R, Haider W, McGoron A, Rokicki R. Surface modification of Ni-Ti alloys for stent application after magnetoelectropolishing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 50:37-44. [PMID: 25746243 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The constant demand for new implant materials and the multidisciplinary design approaches for stent applications have expanded vastly over the past decade. The biocompatibility of these implant materials is a function of their surface characteristics such as morphology, surface chemistry, roughness, surface charge and wettability. These surface characteristics can directly influence the material's corrosion resistance and biological processes such as endothelialization. Surface morphology affects the thermodynamic stability of passivating oxides, which renders corrosion resistance to passivating alloys. Magnetoelectropolishing (MEP) is known to alter the morphology and composition of surface films, which assist in improving corrosion resistance of Nitinol alloys. This work aims at analyzing the surface characteristics of MEP Nitinol alloys by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The wettability of the alloys was determined by contact angle measurements and the mechanical properties were assessed by Nanoindentation. Improved mechanical properties were observed with the addition of alloying elements. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed to determine the corrosion susceptibility. Further, the alloys were tested for their cytotoxicity and cellular growth with endothelial cells. Improved corrosion resistance and cellular viability were observed with MEP surface treated alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Gill
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Vishal Musaramthota
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Norman Munroe
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Amit Datye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA
| | - Rupak Dua
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
| | - Waseem Haider
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas-Pan American, TX, USA
| | - Anthony McGoron
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
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Electrochemical Investigation of Nitinol/Tantalum Hybrid Surfaces Modified by Alkylphosphonic Self-Assembled Monolayers. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Maho A, Delhalle J, Mekhalif Z. Study of the formation process and the characteristics of tantalum layers electrodeposited on Nitinol plates in the 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquid. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Bai Z, Rotermund HH. The intrinsically high pitting corrosion resistance of mechanically polished nitinol in simulated physiological solutions. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 99:1-13. [PMID: 21648066 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Bai
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada.
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15
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Halwani DO, Anderson PG, Brott BC, Anayiotos AS, Lemons JE. Clinical device-related article surface characterization of explanted endovascular stents: Evidence of in vivo corrosion. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 95:225-38. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Chu C, Wang R, Hu T, Yin L, Pu Y, Lin P, Wu S, Chung C, Yeung K, Chu PK. Surface structure and biomedical properties of chemically polished and electropolished NiTi shape memory alloys. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Shabalovskaya S, Anderegg J, Van Humbeeck J. Critical overview of Nitinol surfaces and their modifications for medical applications. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:447-67. [PMID: 18328796 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitinol, a group of nearly equiatomic shape memory and superelastic NiTi alloys, is being extensively explored for medical applications. Release of Ni in the human body, a potential problem with Nitinol implant devices, has stimulated a great deal of research on its surface modifications and coatings. In order to use any of the developed surfaces in implant designs, it is important to understand whether they really have advantages over bare Nitinol. This paper overviews the current situation, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of new surfaces as well as the limitations of the studies performed. It presents a comprehensive analysis of surface topography, chemistry, corrosion behavior, nickel release and biological responses to Nitinol surfaces modified mechanically or using such methods as etching in acids and alkaline solutions, electropolishing, heat and ion beam treatments, boiling in water and autoclaving, conventional and ion plasma implantations, laser melting and bioactive coating deposition. The analysis demonstrates that the presently developed surfaces vary in thickness from a few nanometers to micrometers, and that they can effectively prevent Ni release if the surface integrity is maintained under strain and if no Ni-enriched sub-layers are present. Whether it is appropriate to use various low temperature pre-treatment protocols (< or = 160 degrees C) developed originally for pure titanium for Nitinol surface modifications and coatings is also discussed. The importance of selection of original Nitinol surfaces with regard to the performance of coatings and comparative performance of controls in the studies is emphasized. Considering the obvious advantages of bare Nitinol surfaces for superelastic implants, details of their preparation are also outlined.
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18
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Clarke B, Carroll W, Rochev Y, Hynes M, Bradley D, Plumley D. Influence of Nitinol wire surface treatment on oxide thickness and composition and its subsequent effect on corrosion resistance and nickel ion release. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 79:61-70. [PMID: 16758455 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Medical implants and devices are now used successfully in surgical procedures on a daily basis. Alloys of nickel and titanium, and in particular Nitinol are of special interest in the medical device industry, because of their shape memory and superelastic properties. The corrosion behavior of nitinol in the body is also of critical importance because of the known toxicological effects of nickel. The stability of a NiTi alloy in the physiological environment is dependant primarily on the properties of the mostly TiO(2) oxide layer that is present on the surface. For the present study, a range of nitinol wires have been prepared using different drawing processes and a range of surface preparation procedures. It is clear from the results obtained that the wire samples with very thick oxides also contain a high nickel content in the oxide layer. The untreated samples with the thicker oxides show the lowest pitting potential values and greater nickel release in both long and short-term experiments. It was also found that after long-term immersion tests breakdown potentials increased for samples that exhibited lower values initially. From these results it would appear that surface treatment is essential for the optimum bioperformance of nitinol.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Clarke
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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Gall K, Tyber J, Brice V, Frick CP, Maier HJ, Morgan N. Tensile deformation of NiTi wires. J Biomed Mater Res A 2005; 75:810-23. [PMID: 16138359 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We examine the structure and properties of cold drawn Ti-50.1 at % Ni and Ti-50.9 at % Ni shape memory alloy wires. Wires with both compositions possess a strong <111> fiber texture in the wire drawing direction, a grain size on the order of micrometers, and a high dislocation density. The more Ni rich wires contain fine second phase precipitates, while the wires with lower Ni content are relatively free of precipitates. The wire stress-strain response depends strongly on composition through operant deformation mechanisms, and cannot be explained based solely on measured differences in the transformation temperatures. We provide fundamental connections between the material structure, deformation mechanisms, and resulting stress-strain responses. The results help clarify some inconsistencies and common misconceptions in the literature. Ramifications on materials selection and design for emerging biomedical applications of NiTi shape memory alloys are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Gall
- Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
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