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Girardin L, Stokes C, Thet MS, Oo AY, Balabani S, Díaz-Zuccarini V. Patient-Specific Haemodynamic Analysis of Virtual Grafting Strategies in Type-B Aortic Dissection: Impact of Compliance Mismatch. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024; 15:290-304. [PMID: 38438692 PMCID: PMC11239731 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-024-00713-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compliance mismatch between the aortic wall and Dacron Grafts is a clinical problem concerning aortic haemodynamics and morphological degeneration. The aortic stiffness introduced by grafts can lead to an increased left ventricular (LV) afterload. This study quantifies the impact of compliance mismatch by virtually testing different Type-B aortic dissection (TBAD) surgical grafting strategies in patient-specific, compliant computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A post-operative case of TBAD was segmented from computed tomography angiography data. Three virtual surgeries were generated using different grafts; two additional cases with compliant grafts were assessed. Compliant CFD simulations were performed using a patient-specific inlet flow rate and three-element Windkessel outlet boundary conditions informed by 2D-Flow MRI data. The wall compliance was calibrated using Cine-MRI images. Pressure, wall shear stress (WSS) indices and energy loss (EL) were computed. RESULTS Increased aortic stiffness and longer grafts increased aortic pressure and EL. Implementing a compliant graft matching the aortic compliance of the patient reduced the pulse pressure by 11% and EL by 4%. The endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) differed the most within the aneurysm, where the maximum percentage difference between the reference case and the mid (MDA) and complete (CDA) descending aorta replacements increased by 16% and 20%, respectively. CONCLUSION This study suggests that by minimising graft length and matching its compliance to the native aorta whilst aligning with surgical requirements, the risk of LV hypertrophy may be reduced. This provides evidence that compliance-matching grafts may enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Girardin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, 43-45 Foley Street, London, W1W 7TS, UK
| | - Catriona Stokes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, 43-45 Foley Street, London, W1W 7TS, UK
| | - Myat Soe Thet
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Aung Ye Oo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Stavroula Balabani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, 43-45 Foley Street, London, W1W 7TS, UK
| | - Vanessa Díaz-Zuccarini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, 43-45 Foley Street, London, W1W 7TS, UK.
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Li MX, Wei QQ, Mo HL, Ren Y, Zhang W, Lu HJ, Joung YK. Challenges and advances in materials and fabrication technologies of small-diameter vascular grafts. Biomater Res 2023; 27:58. [PMID: 37291675 PMCID: PMC10251629 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The arterial occlusive disease is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases, often requiring revascularization. Lack of suitable small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs), infection, thrombosis, and intimal hyperplasia associated with synthetic vascular grafts lead to a low success rate of SDVGs (< 6 mm) transplantation in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The development of fabrication technology along with vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine technology allows biological tissue-engineered vascular grafts to become living grafts, which can integrate, remodel, and repair the host vessels as well as respond to the surrounding mechanical and biochemical stimuli. Hence, they potentially alleviate the shortage of existing vascular grafts. This paper evaluates the current advanced fabrication technologies for SDVGs, including electrospinning, molding, 3D printing, decellularization, and so on. Various characteristics of synthetic polymers and surface modification methods are also introduced. In addition, it also provides interdisciplinary insights into the future of small-diameter prostheses and discusses vital factors and perspectives for developing such prostheses in clinical applications. We propose that the performance of SDVGs can be improved by integrating various technologies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Xian Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Qian-Qi Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Xizang, China
| | - Hui-Lin Mo
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yu Ren
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Huan-Jun Lu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Fortin W, Bouchet M, Therasse E, Maire M, Héon H, Ajji A, Soulez G, Lerouge S. Negative In Vivo Results Despite Promising In Vitro Data With a Coated Compliant Electrospun Polyurethane Vascular Graft. J Surg Res 2022; 279:491-504. [PMID: 35842974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing need for small-diameter (<6 mm) off-the-shelf synthetic vascular conduits for different surgical bypass procedures, with actual synthetic conduits showing unacceptable thrombosis rates. The goal of this study was to build vascular grafts with better compliance than standard synthetic conduits and with an inner layer stimulating endothelialization while remaining antithrombogenic. METHODS Tubular vascular conduits made of a scaffold of polyurethane/polycaprolactone combined with a bioactive coating based on chondroitin sulfate (CS) were created using electrospinning and plasma polymerization. In vitro testing followed by a comparative in vivo trial in a sheep model as bilateral carotid bypasses was performed to assess the conduits' performance compared to the actual standard. RESULTS In vitro, the novel small-diameter (5 mm) electrospun vascular grafts coated with chondroitin sulfate (CS) showed 10 times more compliance compared to commercial expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) conduits while maintaining adequate suturability, burst pressure profiles, and structural stability over time. The subsequent in vivo trial was terminated after electrospun vascular grafts coated with CS showed to be inferior compared to their expanded polytetrafluoroethylene counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The inability of the experimental conduits to perform well in vivo despite promising in vitro results may be related to the low porosity of the grafts and the lack of rapid endothelialization despite the presence of the CS coating. Further research is warranted to explore ways to improve electrospun polyurethane/polycaprolactone scaffold in order to make it prone to transmural endothelialization while being resistant to strenuous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Fortin
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Surgery, Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélusine Bouchet
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Therasse
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Quebec, Canada; Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marion Maire
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hélène Héon
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdellah Ajji
- CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gilles Soulez
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Quebec, Canada; Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Radiology, Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Nazemi MM, Khodabandeh A, Hadjizadeh A. Near-Field Electrospinning: Crucial Parameters, Challenges, and Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:394-412. [PMID: 34995437 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Near-field electrospinning (NFES) is a micro- or nanofiber production technology based on jetting molten polymer or polymer solution. Thanks to the programmable collector and nozzle movement, it can generate designed patterns in the presence of an electric field. Despite a few shortcomings of NFES, its high resolution, simplicity, precision, high throughput, reproducibility, and low costs have convinced researchers to employ it for various purposes. Furthermore, as the paradigm of fiber-based structures shifts from random textures toward delicate designs, NFES can bridge the gap between existing inefficient processes and aspired technologies for precise patterning. NFES facilitates the production of ultrafine nanofibers because it can be used to fabricate them in every laboratory. These robust fibers are convenient tools for small and additive manufacturing. As such, NFES is considered a potent additive fabrication technology that facilitates the production of complicated patterns as well. It is suggested that near-field electrospun fibers exhibit outstanding results in various applications, owing to their precise and controllable positioning. Meanwhile, the ongoing development of NFES has yet to reach its climax, making it attractive for further research. In this review, the basic principles of NFES, derivatives, limitations, and applications in nanomanufacturing, tissue engineering, microscale electronics, biosensors, and optics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Nazemi
- Department of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 159163-4311, Iran
| | - Alireza Khodabandeh
- Department of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 159163-4311, Iran
| | - Afra Hadjizadeh
- Department of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 159163-4311, Iran
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Abdoltajedini F, Hadjizadeh A, Ajji A. Fabrication and characterization of polymeric nano/micro fibers containing silver nanoparticles for biomedical applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1990059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abdoltajedini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afra Hadjizadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdellah Ajji
- CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- IndustrialMaterials Institute, National Research Council Canada, Boucherville, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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Yogi A, Rukhlova M, Charlebois C, Tian G, Stanimirovic DB, Moreno MJ. Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells for Tissue Engineering Applications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070797. [PMID: 34356861 PMCID: PMC8301460 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic grafts have been developed for vascular bypass surgery, however, the risks of thrombosis and neointimal hyperplasia still limit their use. Tissue engineering with the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has shown promise in addressing these limitations. Here we further characterized and optimized the ASC differentiation into smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by TGF-β and BMP-4. TGF-β and BMP-4 induced a time-dependent expression of SMC markers in ASC. Shortening the differentiation period from 7 to 4 days did not impair the functional property of contraction in these cells. Stability of the process was demonstrated by switching cells to regular growth media for up to 14 days. The role of IGFBP7, a downstream effector of TGF-β, was also examined. Finally, topographic and surface patterning of a substrate is recognized as a powerful tool for regulating cell differentiation. Here we provide evidence that a non-woven PET structure does not affect the differentiation of ASC. Taken together, our results indicate that VSMCs differentiated from ASCs are a suitable candidate to populate a PET-based vascular scaffolds. By employing an autologous source of cells we provide a novel alternative to address major issues that reduces long-term patency of currently vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Yogi
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada; (M.R.); (C.C.); (D.B.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.Y.); (M.J.M.); Tel.: +1-613-990-0891 (A.Y.); +1-613-990-0829 (M.J.M.)
| | - Marina Rukhlova
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada; (M.R.); (C.C.); (D.B.S.)
| | - Claudie Charlebois
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada; (M.R.); (C.C.); (D.B.S.)
| | - Ganghong Tian
- Medical Devices Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 435 Ellice Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3B 1Y6, Canada;
| | - Danica B. Stanimirovic
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada; (M.R.); (C.C.); (D.B.S.)
| | - Maria J. Moreno
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A0R6, Canada; (M.R.); (C.C.); (D.B.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.Y.); (M.J.M.); Tel.: +1-613-990-0891 (A.Y.); +1-613-990-0829 (M.J.M.)
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7
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Spadaccio C, Hu H, Li C, Qiao Z, Ge Y, Tie Z, Zhu J, Moon MR, Danton M, Sun L, Gaudino MF. Thoracic aortic surgery: status and upcoming novelties. Minerva Cardioangiol 2020; 68:518-531. [PMID: 32319269 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4725.20.05263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several novel technological developments and surgical approaches have characterized the field of aortic surgery in the recent decade. The progressive introduction of endovascular procedures, minimally invasive surgical techniques and hybrid approaches have changed the practice in aortic surgery and generated new trends and questions. Also, the advancements in the manufacturing of tissue engineered vascular grafts as substitutes for aortic replacements are enlightening new avenues in the treatment of aortic disease. This review will provide an overview of the current novel perspectives, debates and trends in major thoracic aortic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Spadaccio
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK - .,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, UK - .,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China -
| | - Haiou Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengnan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yipeng Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Tie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Marc R Moon
- School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MI, USA
| | - Mark Danton
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Scottish Pediatric Cardiac Services, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lizhong Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Aortic Disease Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Vascular Prostheses, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mario F Gaudino
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Akbari S, Mohebbi-Kalhori D, Samimi A. Effect of corrugated structure on the collapsing of the small-diameter vascular scaffolds. J Biomater Appl 2020; 34:1355-1367. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328220910021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Akbari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Abdolreza Samimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Rogalski JJ, Botto L, Bastiaansen CWM, Peijs T. A study of rheological limitations in rotary jet spinning of polymer nanofibers through modeling and experimentation. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James J. Rogalski
- School of Engineering and Materials ScienceQueen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Lorenzo Botto
- School of Engineering and Materials ScienceQueen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
- Process & Energy Department3ME Faculty, TU Delft, 2628 CB, Delft The Netherlands
| | - Cees W. M. Bastiaansen
- School of Engineering and Materials ScienceQueen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ton Peijs
- Materials Engineering CentreWMG, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
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Jafari S, Hosseini Salekdeh SS, Solouk A, Yousefzadeh M. Electrospun polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanofibrous conduit for biomedical application. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Jafari
- Biomedical Engineering DepartmentAmirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Solouk
- Biomedical Engineering DepartmentAmirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Yousefzadeh
- Textile Engineering DepartmentAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
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Patient JD, Hajiali H, Harris K, Abrahamsson B, Tannergren C, White LJ, Ghaemmaghami AM, Williams PM, Roberts CJ, Rose FRAJ. Nanofibrous Scaffolds Support a 3D in vitro Permeability Model of the Human Intestinal Epithelium. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:456. [PMID: 31133850 PMCID: PMC6524416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in drug research not only depend on high throughput screening to evaluate large numbers of lead compounds but also on the development of in vitro models which can simulate human tissues in terms of drug permeability and functions. Potential failures, such as poor permeability or interaction with efflux drug transporters, can be identified in epithelial Caco-2 monolayer models and can impact a drug candidate's progression onto the next stages of the drug development process. Whilst monolayer models demonstrate reasonably good prediction of in vivo permeability for some compounds, more developed in vitro tools are needed to assess new entities that enable closer in vivo in vitro correlation. In this study, an in vitro model of the human intestinal epithelium was developed by utilizing nanofibers, fabricated using electrospinning, to mimic the structure of the basement membrane. We assessed Caco-2 cell response to these materials and investigated the physiological properties of these cells cultured on the fibrous supports, focusing on barrier integrity and drug-permeability properties. The obtained data illustrate that 2D Caco-2 Transwell® cultures exhibit artificially high trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) compared to cells cultured on the 3D nanofibrous scaffolds which show TEER values similar to ex vivo porcine tissue (also measured in this study). Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the 3D nanofibrous scaffolds influence the barrier integrity of the Caco-2 monolayer to confer drug-absorption properties that more closely mimic native gut tissue particularly for studying passive epithelial transport. We propose that this 3D model is a suitable in vitro model for investigating drug absorption and intestinal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie D. Patient
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hadi Hajiali
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Lisa J. White
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amir M. Ghaemmaghami
- School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Philip M. Williams
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Clive J. Roberts
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Towards compliant small-diameter vascular grafts: Predictive analytical model and experiments. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:715-723. [PMID: 30948109 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The search for novel, more compliant vascular grafts for the replacement of blood vessels is ongoing, and predictive tools are needed to identify the most promising biomaterials. A simple analytical model was designed that enables the calculation of the ratio between the ultimate stress (σult) and the elastic modulus (E). To reach both the compliance of small-diameter coronary arteries (0.0725%/mmHg) and a burst pressure of 2031 mmHg, a material with a minimum σult/E ratio of 1.78 is required. Based on this result and on data from the literature, random electrospun Polyurethane/Polycaprolactone (PU/PCL) tubular scaffolds were fabricated and compared to commercial ePTFE prostheses. PU/PCL grafts showed mechanical properties close to those of native arteries, with a circumferential elastic modulus of 4.8 MPa and a compliance of 0.036%/mmHg at physiological pressure range (80-120 mmHg) for a 145 μm-thick prosthesis. In contrast, commercial expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts presented a high Young's modulus (17.4 MPa) and poor compliance of 0.0034%/mmHg. The electrospun PU/PCL did not however reach the target values as its σult/E ratio was lower than expected, at 1.54, well below the calculated threshold (1.78). The model tended to overestimate both the compliance and burst pressure, with the differences between the analytical and experimental results ranging between 13 and 34%, depending on the pressure range tested. This can be explained by the anisotropy of random electrospun PU/PCL and its slightly non-linear elastic behavior, in contrast to the hypotheses of our model. Impermeability tests showed that the electrospun scaffolds were impermeable to blood for all thicknesses above 50 μm. In conclusion, this analytical model allows to select materials with suitable mechanical properties for the design of small-diameter vascular grafts. The novel electrospun PU/PCL tubular scaffolds showed strongly improved compliance as compared to commercial ePTFE prostheses.
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Jirofti N, Mohebbi-Kalhori D, Samimi A, Hadjizadeh A, Kazemzadeh GH. Small-diameter vascular graft using co-electrospun composite PCL/PU nanofibers. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:055014. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aad4b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Antoniou A, Bashir M, Harky A, Di Salvo C. Redo proximal thoracic aortic surgery: challenges and controversies. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 67:118-126. [DOI: 10.1007/s11748-018-0941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Jenkins TL, Meehan S, Pourdeyhimi B, Little D. * Meltblown Polymer Fabrics as Candidate Scaffolds for Rotator Cuff Tendon Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 23:958-967. [PMID: 28816097 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Various biomaterial technologies are promising for tissue engineering, including electrospinning, but commercial scale-up of throughput is difficult. The goal of the study was to evaluate meltblown fabrics as candidate scaffolds for rotator cuff tendon tissue engineering. Meltblown poly(lactic acid) fabrics were produced with several polymer crystallinities and airflow velocities [500(low), 900(medium) or 1400(high) m3air/h/m fabric]. Fiber diameter, alignment, and baseline bidirectional tensile mechanical properties were evaluated. Attachment and spreading of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) were evaluated over 3 days immediately following seeding. After initial screening, the fabric with the greatest Young's modulus and yield stress was selected for 28-day in vitro culture and for evaluation of tendon-like extracellular matrix production and development of mechanical properties. As expected, airflow velocity of the polymer during meltblowing demonstrated an inverse relationship with fiber diameter. All fabrics exhibited fiber alignment parallel to the direction of collector rotation. All fabrics demonstrated mechanical anisotropy at baseline. Cells attached, proliferated, and spread on all fabrics over the initial three-day culture period. Consistent with the observed loss of integrity of the unseeded biomaterial, hASC-seeded scaffolds demonstrated a significant decrease in Young's modulus over 28 days of culture. However, dsDNA, sulfated glycosaminoglycan, and collagen content increased significantly over 28 days. Histology and polarized light microscopy demonstrated collagen deposition and alignment throughout the thickness of the scaffolds. While fiber diameters approximated an order of magnitude greater than those previously reported for electrospun scaffolds intended for tendon tissue engineering, they were still within the range of collagen fiber diameters found in healthy tendon. The extent of matrix production and alignment was similar to that previously observed for multilayered electrospun scaffolds. While the Young's modulus of scaffolds after 28 days of culture was lower than native rotator cuff tendon, it approximated that reported previously following culture of electrospun scaffolds and was on the same order of magnitude as of current Food and Drug Administration-approved patches for rotator cuff augmentation. Together, these data suggest that with minor polymer and parameter modifications, meltblown scaffolds could provide an economical, high-throughput production alternative method to electrospinning for use in rotator cuff tendon tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Jenkins
- 1 Department of Basic Medical Science, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Weldon School of Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sean Meehan
- 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Behnam Pourdeyhimi
- 3 The Nonwovens Institute, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Dianne Little
- 1 Department of Basic Medical Science, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Weldon School of Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina
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16
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Vatankhah E, Prabhakaran MP, Ramakrishna S. Biomimetic microenvironment complexity to redress the balance between biodegradation and de novo matrix synthesis during early phase of vascular tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 81:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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17
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Khodadoust M, Mohebbi-Kalhori D, Jirofti N. Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Bi-Hybrid PU/PET Scaffolds for Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts Applications. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2017; 9:73-83. [PMID: 29196952 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-017-0338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In spite of advances have been made during the past decades, the problems associated with small-diameter vascular grafts, including low patency and compliance mismatch and in consequence of that thrombosis, aneurysm and intimal hyperplasia are still challenges. To address these problems, net polyurethane (PU) and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) polymers and hybrid PU/PET were electrospun to create three different types of small-diameter vascular scaffolds due to their unique physicochemical characteristics: PU, PET, and novel hybrid PU/PET scaffolds. The results show that the PU and PET composite can improve the mechanical properties of the tissue-engineered vascular scaffolds in the range of the native vessels where the non-cytotoxicity characteristic of these well-known polymers is still immutable. The compliance and stiffness factor of the fabricated hybrid scaffolds were 4.468 ± 0.177 and 22.718 ± 0.896%/0.01 mmHg, respectively, which were significantly different with that of the net PU and PET electrospun scaffolds. Other properties such as ultimate tensile stress (UTS) (3.56 ± 1.21 MPa) were also in good accordance with the native vessels. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis testified the presence of both PU and PET in the hybrid scaffolds. Overall, we were able to fabricate a hybrid scaffold as a small-diameter vascular graft that mechanically matched the gold standard of blood vessel substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Khodadoust
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. .,Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. .,University of Sistan and Baluchestan Central Laboratory, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Nafiseh Jirofti
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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18
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Pezzoli D, Cauli E, Chevallier P, Farè S, Mantovani D. Biomimetic coating of cross-linked gelatin to improve mechanical and biological properties of electrospun PET: A promising approach for small caliber vascular graft applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:2405-2415. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pezzoli
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering; CRC-I, Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering and CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Laval University; Quebec City QC G1L 3L5 Canada
| | - Elisa Cauli
- Department of Chemistry; Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano; Milan 20133 Italy
| | - Pascale Chevallier
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering; CRC-I, Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering and CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Laval University; Quebec City QC G1L 3L5 Canada
| | - Silvia Farè
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering; CRC-I, Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering and CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Laval University; Quebec City QC G1L 3L5 Canada
- Local Unit Politecnico di Milano; INSTM, Consorzio Nazionale di Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali; Milan Italy
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering; CRC-I, Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering and CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Laval University; Quebec City QC G1L 3L5 Canada
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Nauta FJH, Lau KD, Arthurs CJ, Eagle KA, Williams DM, Trimarchi S, Patel HJ, Figueroa CA. Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aortic Thrombus Formation Following Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair. Ann Thorac Surg 2017; 103:1914-1921. [PMID: 28063468 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We present the possible utility of computational fluid dynamics in the assessment of thrombus formation and virtual surgical planning illustrated in a patient with aortic thrombus in a kinked ascending aortic graft following thoracic endovascular aortic repair. METHODS A patient-specific three-dimensional model was built from computed tomography. Additionally, we modeled 3 virtual aortic interventions to assess their effect on thrombosis potential: (1) open surgical repair, (2) conformable endografting, and (3) single-branched endografting. Flow waveforms were extracted from echocardiography and used for the simulations. We used the computational index termed platelet activation potential (PLAP) representing accumulated shear rates of fluid particles within a fluid domain to assess thrombosis potential. RESULTS The baseline model revealed high PLAP in the entire arch (119.8 ± 42.5), with significantly larger PLAP at the thrombus location (125.4 ± 41.2, p < 0.001). Surgical repair showed a 37% PLAP reduction at the thrombus location (78.6 ± 25.3, p < 0.001) and a 24% reduction in the arch (91.6 ± 28.9, p < 0.001). Single-branched endografting reduced PLAP in the thrombus region by 20% (99.7 ± 24.6, p < 0.001) and by 14% in the arch (103.8 ± 26.1, p < 0.001), whereas a more conformable endograft did not have a profound effect, resulting in a modest 4% PLAP increase (130.6 ± 43.7, p < 0.001) in the thrombus region relative to the baseline case. CONCLUSIONS Regions of high PLAP were associated with aortic thrombus. Aortic repair resolved pathologic flow patterns, reducing PLAP. Branched endografting also relieved complex flow patterns reducing PLAP. Computational fluid dynamics may assist in the prediction of aortic thrombus formation in hemodynamically complex cases and help guide repair strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foeke J H Nauta
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Thoracic Aortic Research Center, Vascular Surgery, Policlinico San Donato IRCCS, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Kevin D Lau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher J Arthurs
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kim A Eagle
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David M Williams
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Santi Trimarchi
- Thoracic Aortic Research Center, Vascular Surgery, Policlinico San Donato IRCCS, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Himanshu J Patel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carlos A Figueroa
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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20
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Nappi F, Carotenuto AR, Cutolo A, Fouret P, Acar C, Chachques JC, Fraldi M. Compliance mismatch and compressive wall stresses drive anomalous remodelling of pulmonary trunks reinforced with Dacron grafts. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 63:287-302. [PMID: 27442920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic grafts are often satisfactory employed in cardiac and vascular surgery, including expanded poly(ethylene terephthalate) or expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene). However, accumulating evidences suggest the emergence of worrisome issues concerning the long-term fate of prosthetic grafts as large vessel replacement. Disadvantages related to the use of synthetic grafts can be traced in their inability of mimicking the elasto-mechanical characteristics of the native vascular tissue, local suture overstress leading to several prosthesis-related complications and retrograde deleterious effects on valve competence, cardiac function and perfusion. Motivated by this, in the present work it is analyzed - by means of both elemental biomechanical paradigms and more accurate in silico Finite Element simulations - the physical interaction among aorta, autograft and widely adopted synthetic (Dacron) prostheses utilized in transposition of pulmonary artery, highlighting the crucial role played by somehow unexpected stress fields kindled in the vessel walls and around suture regions, which could be traced as prodromal to the triggering of anomalous remodelling processes and alterations of needed surgical outcomes. Theoretical results are finally compared with histological and surgical data related to a significant experimental animal campaign conducted by performing pulmonary artery transpositions in 30 two-month old growing lambs, followed up during growth for six months. The in vivo observations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed biomechanical hypothesis and open the way for possible engineering-guided strategies to support and optimize surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Cardiac Surgery Centre Cardiologique du Nord de Saint-Denis, Paris, France
| | - Angelo Rosario Carotenuto
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering of the University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Arsenio Cutolo
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture of the University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Pierre Fouret
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital de la Salpétriere, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Acar
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hôpital de la Salpétriere, Paris, France
| | - Juan Carlos Chachques
- Laboratory of Biosurgical Research "Carpentier Foundation", Pompidou Hospital, University Paris Descartes, France
| | - Massimiliano Fraldi
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture and Interdisciplinary Research Center for Biomaterials, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy.
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21
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Old Myths, New Concerns: the Long-Term Effects of Ascending Aorta Replacement with Dacron Grafts. Not All That Glitters Is Gold. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2016; 9:334-42. [PMID: 27245785 PMCID: PMC4990605 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-016-9699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic grafts are widely used in cardiac and vascular surgery since the mid-1970s. Despite their general good performance, inability of mimicking the elastomechanical characteristics of the native arterial tissue, and the consequent lack of adequate compliance, leads to a cascade of hemodynamic and biological alterations deeply affecting cardiovascular homeostasis. Those concerns have been reconsidered in more contemporaneous surgical and experimental reports which also triggered some research efforts in the tissue engineering field towards the realization of biomimetic arterial surrogates. The present review focuses on the significance of the “compliance mismatch” phenomenon occurring after aortic root or ascending aorta replacement with prosthetic grafts and discusses the clinical reflexes of this state of tissue incompatibility, as the loss of the native elastomechanical properties of the aorta can translate into detrimental effects on the normal efficiency of the aortic root complex with impact in the long-term results of patients undergoing aortic replacement.
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22
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Gopichander N, Halini Kumarai K, Vasanthakumar M. Effect of polyester fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties of interim fixed partial dentures. Saudi Dent J 2015; 27:194-200. [PMID: 26644754 PMCID: PMC4642189 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different reinforcements currently available for interim fixed partial denture (FPD) materials do not provide the ideal strength for long-term use. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to develop a more ideal provisional material for long-term use with better mechanical properties. This study evaluated the effectiveness of polyester fiber reinforcement on different interim FPD materials. METHODS Thirty resin-bonded FPDs were constructed from three provisional interim FPD materials. Specimens were tested with a universal testing machine (UTM). The modulus of elasticity and flexural strength were recorded in MPa. The compressive strength and degree of deflection were calculated from the obtained values, and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significance. RESULTS The polyester fiber reinforcement increased the mechanical properties. The modulus of elasticity for heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was 624 MPa, compared to 700.2 MPa for the reinforced heat-cured sample. The flexural strengths of the bis-acrylic and cold-polymerized reinforced samples increased significantly to 2807 MPa and 979.86 MPa, respectively, compared to the nonreinforced samples. The mean compressive strength of the reinforced cold-polymerized PMMA samples was 439.17 MPa; and for the reinforced heat-polymerized PMMA samples, it was 1117.41 MPa. The degree of deflection was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the reinforced bis-acrylic sample (5.03 MPa), compared with the nonreinforced bis-acrylic sample (2.95 MPa). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, polyester fiber reinforcements improved the mechanical properties of heat-polymerized PMMA, cold-polymerized PMMA, and bis-acrylic provisional FPD materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Gopichander
- Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India
| | - K.V. Halini Kumarai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, India
| | - M. Vasanthakumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India
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23
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Noel S, Hachem A, Merhi Y, De Crescenzo G. Development of a Polyester Coating Combining Antithrombogenic and Cell Adhesive Properties: Influence of Sequence and Surface Density of Adhesion Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1682-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Noel
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Groupe de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies
Biomédicales, Bio-P2 Research Unit, École Polytechnique de Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal (QC), Canada H3C 3A7
| | - Ahmed Hachem
- Université de Montréal, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Est, Montréal (QC), Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Yahye Merhi
- Université de Montréal, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger Est, Montréal (QC), Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Gregory De Crescenzo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Groupe de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies
Biomédicales, Bio-P2 Research Unit, École Polytechnique de Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal (QC), Canada H3C 3A7
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24
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Zheng WJ, Liu ZQ, Xu F, Gao J, Chen YM, Gong JP, Osada Y. In Vitro Platelet Adhesion of PNaAMPS/PAAm and PNaAMPS/PDMAAm Double-Network Hydrogels. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang Zheng
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Zhen Qi Liu
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology; MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Yong Mei Chen
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
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25
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Ren X, Feng Y, Guo J, Wang H, Li Q, Yang J, Hao X, Lv J, Ma N, Li W. Surface modification and endothelialization of biomaterials as potential scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5680-742. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00483c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent developments of surface modification and endothelialization of biomaterials in vascular tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Jintang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Haixia Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xuefang Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Juan Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Free University of Berlin
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Wenzhong Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery
- University of Rostock
- D-18057 Rostock
- Germany
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26
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Morris GE, Bridge JC, Eltboli OMI, Lewis MP, Knox AJ, Aylott JW, Brightling CE, Ghaemmaghami AM, Rose FRAJ. Human airway smooth muscle maintain in situ cell orientation and phenotype when cultured on aligned electrospun scaffolds. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L38-47. [PMID: 24793171 PMCID: PMC4080283 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00318.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human airway smooth muscle (HASM) contraction plays a central role in regulating airway resistance in both healthy and asthmatic bronchioles. In vitro studies that investigate the intricate mechanisms that regulate this contractile process are predominantly conducted on tissue culture plastic, a rigid, 2D geometry, unlike the 3D microenvironment smooth muscle cells are exposed to in situ. It is increasingly apparent that cellular characteristics and responses are altered between cells cultured on 2D substrates compared with 3D topographies. Electrospinning is an attractive method to produce 3D topographies for cell culturing as the fibers produced have dimensions within the nanometer range, similar to cells' natural environment. We have developed an electrospun scaffold using the nondegradable, nontoxic, polymer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composed of uniaxially orientated nanofibers and have evaluated this topography's effect on HASM cell adhesion, alignment, and morphology. The fibers orientation provided contact guidance enabling the formation of fully aligned sheets of smooth muscle. Moreover, smooth muscle cells cultured on the scaffold present an elongated cell phenotype with altered contractile protein levels and distribution. HASM cells cultured on this scaffold responded to the bronchoconstrictor bradykinin. The platform presented provides a novel in vitro model that promotes airway smooth muscle cell development toward a more in vivo-like phenotype while providing topological cues to ensure full cell alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Morris
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - J C Bridge
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - O M I Eltboli
- NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - A J Knox
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - J W Aylott
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Surface Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - C E Brightling
- NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - A M Ghaemmaghami
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - F R A J Rose
- Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom;
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27
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Savoji H, Hadjizadeh A, Maire M, Ajji A, Wertheimer MR, Lerouge S. Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Plasma Polymerization: A Promising Combination Towards Complete, Stable Endothelial Lining for Vascular Grafts. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1084-95. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Houman Savoji
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV); Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); 900 Saint Denis Street Montreal QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; École Polytechnique de Montréal; Montreal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Afra Hadjizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering; École Polytechnique de Montréal; Montreal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Marion Maire
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV); Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); 900 Saint Denis Street Montreal QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Abdellah Ajji
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; École Polytechnique de Montréal; Montreal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering; École Polytechnique de Montréal; Montreal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Michael R. Wertheimer
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; École Polytechnique de Montréal; Montreal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
- Department of Engineering Physics; École Polytechnique de Montréal; Montreal QC H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV); Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM); 900 Saint Denis Street Montreal QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; École de technologie supérieure; Montreal QC H3C 1K3 Canada
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28
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Ajalloueian F, Lim ML, Lemon G, Haag JC, Gustafsson Y, Sjöqvist S, Beltrán-Rodríguez A, Del Gaudio C, Baiguera S, Bianco A, Jungebluth P, Macchiarini P. Biomechanical and biocompatibility characteristics of electrospun polymeric tracheal scaffolds. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5307-5315. [PMID: 24703872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of tracheal scaffolds fabricated based on electrospinning technique by applying different ratios of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU) is introduced here. Prior to clinical implantation, evaluations of biomechanical and morphological properties, as well as biocompatibility and cell adhesion verifications are required and extensively performed on each scaffold type. However, the need for bioreactors and large cell numbers may delay the verification process during the early assessment phase. Hence, we investigated the feasibility of performing biocompatibility verification using static instead of dynamic culture. We performed bioreactor seeding on 3-dimensional (3-D) tracheal scaffolds (PET/PU and PET) and correlated the quantitative and qualitative results with 2-dimensional (2-D) sheets seeded under static conditions. We found that an 8-fold reduction for 2-D static seeding density can essentially provide validation on the qualitative and quantitative evaluations for 3-D scaffolds. In vitro studies revealed that there was notably better cell attachment on PET sheets/scaffolds than with the polyblend. However, the in vivo outcomes of cell seeded PET/PU and PET scaffolds in an orthotopic transplantation model in rodents were similar. They showed that both the scaffold types satisfied biocompatibility requirements and integrated well with the adjacent tissue without any observation of necrosis within 30 days of implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ajalloueian
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mei Ling Lim
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Greg Lemon
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johannes C Haag
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ylva Gustafsson
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Sjöqvist
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Beltrán-Rodríguez
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Costantino Del Gaudio
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Industrial Engineering, Intrauniversitary Consortium for Material Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Baiguera
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Bianco
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Department of Industrial Engineering, Intrauniversitary Consortium for Material Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Philipp Jungebluth
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Macchiarini
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Chrzanowska O, Struszczyk MH, Krucinska I. Small diameter tubular structure design using solvent-free textile techniques. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Chrzanowska
- Centre of Advanced Technologies of Human-Friendly Textiles “Pro Humano Tex,” Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design; Lodz University of Technology; 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Marcin Henryk Struszczyk
- Centre of Advanced Technologies of Human-Friendly Textiles “Pro Humano Tex,” Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design; Lodz University of Technology; 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Izabella Krucinska
- Centre of Advanced Technologies of Human-Friendly Textiles “Pro Humano Tex,” Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design; Lodz University of Technology; 90-924 Lodz Poland
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30
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Noel S, Liberelle B, Yogi A, Moreno MJ, Bureau MN, Robitaille L, De Crescenzo G. A non-damaging chemical amination protocol for poly(ethylene terephthalate) – application to the design of functionalized compliant vascular grafts. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:230-238. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00082b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Gustafsson Y, Haag J, Jungebluth P, Lundin V, Lim ML, Baiguera S, Ajalloueian F, Del Gaudio C, Bianco A, Moll G, Sjöqvist S, Lemon G, Teixeira AI, Macchiarini P. Viability and proliferation of rat MSCs on adhesion protein-modified PET and PU scaffolds. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8094-103. [PMID: 22901964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In 2011, the first in-man successful transplantation of a tissue engineered trachea-bronchial graft, using a synthetic POSS-PCU nanocomposite construct seeded with autologous stem cells, was performed. To further improve this technology, we investigated the feasibility of using polymers with a three dimensional structure more closely mimicking the morphology and size scale of native extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers. We therefore investigated the in vitro biocompatibility of electrospun polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU) scaffolds, and determined the effects on cell attachment by conditioning the fibers with adhesion proteins. Rat mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were seeded on either PET or PU fiber-layered culture plates coated with laminin, collagen I, fibronectin, poly-D-lysine or gelatin. Cell density, proliferation, viability, morphology and mRNA expression were evaluated. MSC cultures on PET and PU resulted in similar cell densities and amounts of proliferating cells, with retained MSC phenotype compared to data obtained from tissue culture plate cultures. Coating the scaffolds with adhesion proteins did not increase cell density or cell proliferation. Our data suggest that both PET and PU mats, matching the dimensions of ECM fibers, are biomimetic scaffolds and, because of their high surface area-to-volume provided by the electrospinning procedure, makes them per se suitable for cell attachment and proliferation without any additional coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Gustafsson
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Li J, Lin F, Li L, Li J, Liu S. Surface Engineering of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) for Durable Hemocompatibility via a Surface Interpenetrating Network Technique. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Bashur CA, Venkataraman L, Ramamurthi A. Tissue engineering and regenerative strategies to replicate biocomplexity of vascular elastic matrix assembly. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2012; 18:203-17. [PMID: 22224468 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular tissues exhibit architecturally complex extracellular matrices, of which the elastic matrix forms a major component. The elastic matrix critically maintains native structural configurations of vascular tissues, determines their ability to recoil after stretch, and regulates cell signaling pathways involved in morphogenesis, injury response, and inflammation via biomechanical transduction. The ability to tissue engineer vascular replacements that incorporate elastic matrix superstructures unique to cardiac and vascular tissues is thus important to maintaining vascular homeostasis. However, the vascular elastic matrix is particularly difficult to tissue engineer due to the inherently poor ability of adult vascular cells to synthesize elastin precursors and organize them into mature structures in a manner that replicates the biocomplexity of elastic matrix assembly during development. This review discusses current tissue engineering materials (e.g., growth factors and scaffolds) and methods (e.g., dynamic stretch and contact guidance) used to promote cellular synthesis and assembly of elastic matrix superstructures, and the limitations of these approaches when applied to smooth muscle cells, the primary elastin-generating cell type in vascular tissues. The potential application of these methods for in situ regeneration of disrupted elastic matrix at sites of proteolytic vascular disease (e.g., abdominal aortic aneurysms) is also discussed. Finally, the review describes the potential utility of alternative cell types to elastic tissue engineering and regenerative matrix repair. Future progress in the field is contingent on developing a thorough understanding of developmental elastogenesis and then mimicking the spatiotemporal changes in the cellular microenvironment that occur during that phase. This will enable us to tissue engineer clinically applicable elastic vascular tissue replacements and to develop elastogenic therapies to restore homeostasis in de-elasticized vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris A Bashur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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34
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Diban N, Stamatialis DF. Functional Polymer Scaffolds for Blood Vessel Tissue Engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Mohebbi-Kalhori D, Rukhlova M, Ajji A, Bureau M, Moreno MJ. A novel automated cell-seeding device for tissue engineering of tubular scaffolds: design and functional validation. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2011; 6:710-20. [PMID: 21948700 DOI: 10.1002/term.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Obtaining an efficient, uniform and reproducible cell seeding of porous tubular scaffolds constitutes a major challenge for the successful development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts. In this study, a novel automated cell-seeding device utilizing direct cell deposition, patterning techniques and scaffold rotation was designed to improve the cell viability, uniformity and seeding efficiency of tubular constructs. Quantification methods and imaging techniques were used to evaluate these parameters on the luminal and abluminal sides of fibrous polymer scaffolds. With the automated seeding method, a high cell-seeding efficiency (~89%), viability (~85%) and uniformity (~85-92%) were achieved for both aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) and aortic endothelial cells (AoECs). The duration of the seeding process was < 8 min. Initial cell density, cell suspension in matrix-containing media, duration of seeding process and scaffold rotation were found to affect the seeding efficiency. After few days of culture, a uniform longitudinal and circumferential cell distribution was achieved without affecting cell viability. Both cell types were viable and spread along the fibres after 28 h and 6 days of static incubation. This new automated cell-seeding method for tubular scaffolds is efficient, reliable and meets all the requirements for clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, M54, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.,Industrial Materials Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 75 Boulevard de Mortagne, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada.,Chemical Engineering Departement, École Polytechnique de Montréal, C. P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Marina Rukhlova
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, M54, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Abdellah Ajji
- Chemical Engineering Departement, École Polytechnique de Montréal, C. P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Martin Bureau
- Industrial Materials Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 75 Boulevard de Mortagne, Boucherville, QC J4B 6Y4, Canada.,Biomedical Science and Technology Research Group (GRSTB/FRSQ), École Polytechnique, C. P. 6079, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Maria J Moreno
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, M54, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
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