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Szabelski J, Karpiński R. Short-Term Hydrolytic Degradation of Mechanical Properties of Absorbable Surgical Sutures: A Comparative Study. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:273. [PMID: 39330248 PMCID: PMC11432777 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15090273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical sutures play a crucial role in wound closure, facilitating the tissue-healing process across various fields of medicine. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of seasoning time during the initial days/weeks of seasoning in Ringer's solution on the mechanical properties of five commercial absorbable sutures: SafilQuick+®, Novosyn®, MonosynQuick®, Monosyn® and Monoplus®, each with different absorption periods. The results demonstrated that the SafilQuick+ and MonosynQuick sutures lost strength within 9-12 days, as evidenced by statistically significant changes in tensile strength. In contrast, the Novosyn and Monoplus sutures did not exhibit significant changes in strength during the study period. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in the behaviour of the individual sutures, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate suture material in the context of the specific medical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Szabelski
- Department of Computerization and Production Robotization, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Karpiński
- Department of Machine Design and Mechatronics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
- I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland
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Lear W, Blattner CM, Mustoe TA, Kruzic JJ. In vivo stress relaxation of human scalp. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 97:85-89. [PMID: 31102983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Conduct a first in vivo study on the large deformation stress relaxation behavior of the human scalp. METHODS This study was conducted during Mohs micrographic surgery of the scalp of 14 patients aged 59-90 with wounds initially ranging from 9 to 41 mm wide. The initial wound diameter was measured under zero applied force. Then, the force required to close each wound using a single size 1 nylon suture and a SUTUREGARD suture retention device was measured, after which the suture was then locked in the retention device at fixed displacement. At time points of 300 s, 600 s, and 1800 s, the suture retention device was released, and the wound opening was again recorded at zero force, and the force required to close the wound was recorded. RESULTS The average wound closure force relaxed by 44% and 65% after 300 s and 1800 s, respectively. Average wound width decreased 30% and 42%, after 300 s and 1800 s, respectively, due to creep deformation. Furthermore, all wounds relaxed to be below 15 N of closure force after 600 s, which is considered the maximum clinically acceptable force. A relaxation time of ∼270 s and a threshold force for creep of ∼5 N was found. SIGNIFICANCE Results of this study provide the first quantitative clinical guidance for efficient scalp closure of large wounds by creep deformation and stress relaxation. Furthermore, the methodology developed here can be used as a basis for future in vivo studies of the stress relaxation and creep deformation of human scalp, which in turn can provide data for the development and validation of constitutive models for scalp deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lear
- Departments of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Silver Falls Dermatology, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA
| | - Collin M Blattner
- Departments of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Silver Falls Dermatology, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA
| | - Thomas A Mustoe
- Clinical Faculty, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jamie J Kruzic
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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Im SH, Kim CY, Jung Y, Jang Y, Kim SH. Biodegradable vascular stents with high tensile and compressive strength: a novel strategy for applying monofilaments via solid-state drawing and shaped-annealing processes. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:422-431. [PMID: 28184401 DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monofilaments such as those consisting of polyamide (PA), polydioxanone (PDS), and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), have been commonly used in various industries. However, most are non-biodegradable, which is unfavorable for many biomedical applications. Although biodegradable polymers offer significant benefits, they are still limited by their weak mechanical properties, which is an obstacle for use as a biomaterial that requires high strength. To overcome the current limitations of biodegradable monofilaments, a novel solid-state drawing (SSD) process was designed to significantly improve the mechanical properties of both PA and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) monofilaments in this study. Both PA and PLLA monofilaments exhibited more than two-fold increased tensile strength and a highly reduced thickness using SSD. In X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses, it was determined that SSD could not only promote the α-crystal phase, but also smoothen the surface of PLLA monofilaments. To apply SSD-monofilaments with superior properties to cardiovascular stents, a shaped-annealing (SA) process was designed as the follow-up process after SSD. Using this process, three types of vascular stents could be fabricated, composed of SSD-monofilaments: double-helix, single-spring and double-spring shaped stents. The annealing temperature was optimized at 80 °C to minimize the loss of mechanical and physical properties of SSD-monofilaments for secondary processing. All three types of vascular stents were tested according to ISO 25539-2. Consequently, it was confirmed that spring-shaped stents had good recovery rate values and a high compressive modulus. In conclusion, this study showed significantly improved mechanical properties of both tensile and compressive strength simultaneously and extended the potential for biomedical applications of monofilaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyuk Im
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea. and Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Chang Yong Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea. and Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea and Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea. and Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea and Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Park D, Yong IS, Cho KJ, Cheng J, Jung Y, Kim SH, Lee SH. Thae use of microfluic spinning fiber as an ophthalmology suture showing the good anastomotic strength control. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16264. [PMID: 29176617 PMCID: PMC5701120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adjusting the mechanical strength of a biomaterial to suit its intended application is very important for realizing beneficial outcomes. Microfluidic spinning fiber have been attracting attention recently due to their various advantages, but their mechanical strength has unfortunately not been a subject of concentrated research, and this lack of research has severely limited their applications. In the current work, we showed the mechanical properties of microfibers can be tuned easily and provided a mathematical explanation for how the microfluidic spinning method intrinsically controls the mechanical properties of a microfluidic spinning fiber. But we were also able to adjust the mechanical properties of such fibers in various other ways, including by using biomolecules to coat the fiber or mixing the biomolecules with the primary component of the fiber and by using a customized twisting machine to change the number of single microfiber strands forming the fiber. We used the bundle fiber as an ophthalmology suture that resulted in a porcine eye with a smoother post-operative surface than did a nylon suture. The results showed the possibility that the proposed method can solve current problems of the microfibers in practical applications, and can thus extend the range of applications of these microfibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- DoYeun Park
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sung Yong
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Jin Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Danaeo-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Debbabi F, Gargoubi S, Hadj Ayed MA, Abdessalem SB. Development and characterization of antibacterial braided polyamide suture coated with chitosan-citric acid biopolymer. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:384-398. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328217721868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Braided polyamide sutures are frequently used in dermatologic surgery for wound closure. However, braided sutures promote bacteria proliferation. In order to prevent wound complications due to this effect, antibacterial sutures should be used. The main objective of this study is the development of new non-absorbable antibacterial polyamide braided suture. This paper suggests new coating process that leads to obtain suture uniformly covered by antibacterial film enclosing chitosan, which is known for its antibacterial benefit. Mechanical properties and surface morphology of developed sutures were investigated by using mechanical tests. Sutures surfaces were also examined by scanning electron microscope, to perceive spreading of coating product on suture surface. In order to identify potential reactions between chemical compounds present in coating solution and suture material, sutures were analyzed by ATR-IF spectroscopy. It has been demonstrated that many eventual bonds between compounds present in coating solutions and polyamide macromolecular chain may occur. The existence of these bonds implies the fixation of biopolymer coating on suture surface. It has been demonstrated that uniform surface may be obtained by progressively applying coating solution containing little amount of chitosan on suture surface. We have also found that developed coating process has not affected mechanical properties of suture, which still meet United States Pharmacopeia requirement. Finally, antibacterial effects against four colonies, very widespread in hospitals, were studied. Prominent antibacterial effects of braided polyamide suture against two gram-positive ( S Aureus, S epidermidis) and two gram-negative ( E coli and P aeruginosa) colonies are presented. Optimal result of best properties is obtained by applying three layers of biopolymer coating comprising 1% chitosan and 10% citric acid. The new developed suture coating process appears as a promising method for obtaining important antibacterial effect with smooth suture surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Debbabi
- Textile Engineering Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Gargoubi
- Textile Engineering Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Adnene Hadj Ayed
- Laboratory of chemical, pharmaceutical and pharmacological development of drugs, Faculte de Pharmacie de Monastir, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Saber Ben Abdessalem
- Textile Material and Process Research Unit, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
- National Engineering School of Monastir, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
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