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Liu L, Wu D, Tu H, Cao M, Li M, Peng L, Yang J. Applications of Hydrogels in Drug Delivery for Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020146. [PMID: 36826316 PMCID: PMC9956178 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial diseases have an important impact on local function, facial appearance, and general health. As a multifunctional platform, hydrogels are widely used in the biomedical field due to their excellent physicochemical properties. In recent years, a large number of studies have been conducted to adapt hydrogels to the complex oral and maxillofacial environment by modulating their pore size, swelling, degradability, stimulus-response properties, etc. Meanwhile, many studies have attempted to use hydrogels as drug delivery carriers to load drugs, cytokines, and stem cells for antibacterial, anticancer, and tissue regeneration applications in oral and maxillofacial regions. This paper reviews the application and research progress of hydrogel-based drug delivery systems in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases such as caries, endodontic diseases, periodontal diseases, maxillofacial bone diseases, mucosal diseases, oral cancer, etc. The characteristics and applications of hydrogels and drug-delivery systems employed for the treatment of different diseases are discussed in order to provide a reference for further research on hydrogel drug-delivery systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Heng Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengjiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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Polyphosphazene-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415993. [PMID: 36555633 PMCID: PMC9781794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, synthetic polymers have attracted great interest in the field of biomedical science. Among these, polyphosphazenes (PPZs) are regarded as one of the most promising materials, due to their structural flexibility and biodegradability compared to other materials. PPZs have been developed through numerous studies. In particular, multi-functionalized PPZs have been proven to be potential biomaterials in various forms, such as nanoparticles (NPs) and hydrogels, through the introduction of various functional groups. Thus, PPZs have been applied for the delivery of therapeutic molecules (low molecular weight drugs, genes and proteins), bioimaging, phototherapy, bone regeneration, dental liners, modifiers and medical devices. The main goal of the present review is to highlight the recent and the most notable existing PPZ-based biomaterials for aforementioned applications, with future perspectives in mind.
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Cyclo- and Polyphosphazenes for Biomedical Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238117. [PMID: 36500209 PMCID: PMC9736570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic and polyphosphazenes are extremely interesting and versatile substrates characterized by the presence of -P=N- repeating units. The chlorine atoms on the P atoms in the starting materials can be easily substituted with a variety of organic substituents, thus giving rise to a huge number of new materials for industrial applications. Their properties can be designed considering the number of repetitive units and the nature of the substituent groups, opening up to a number of peculiar properties, including the ability to give rise to supramolecular arrangements. We focused our attention on the extensive scientific literature concerning their biomedical applications: as antimicrobial agents in drug delivery, as immunoadjuvants in tissue engineering, in innovative anticancer therapies, and treatments for cardiovascular diseases. The promising perspectives for their biomedical use rise from the opportunity to combine the benefits of the inorganic backbone and the wide variety of organic side groups that can lead to the formation of nanoparticles, polymersomes, or scaffolds for cell proliferation. In this review, some aspects of the preparation of phosphazene-based systems and their characterization, together with some of the most relevant chemical strategies to obtain biomaterials, have been described.
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Bouché M, Dong YC, Sheikh S, Taing K, Saxena D, Hsu JC, Chen MH, Salinas RD, Song H, Burdick JA, Dorsey J, Cormode DP. Novel Treatment for Glioblastoma Delivered by a Radiation Responsive and Radiopaque Hydrogel. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3209-3220. [PMID: 34160196 PMCID: PMC8411482 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Successful treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) is hampered by primary tumor recurrence after surgical resection and poor prognosis, despite adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In search of improved outcomes for this disease, quisinostat appeared as a lead compound in drug screening. A delivery system was devised for this drug and to exploit current clinical methodology: an injectable hydrogel, loaded with both the quisinostat drug and radiopaque gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as contrast agent, that can release these payloads as a response to radiation. This hydrogel grants high local drug concentrations, overcoming issues with current standards of care. Significant hydrogel degradation and quisinostat release were observed due to the radiation trigger, providing high in vitro anticancer activity. In vivo, the combination of radiotherapy and the radiation-induced delivery of quisinostat from the hydrogel, successfully inhibited tumor growth in a mice model bearing xenografted human GBM tumors with a total response rate of 67%. Long-term tolerability was observed after intratumoral injection of the quisinostat loaded hydrogel. The AuNP payload enabled precise image-guided radiation delivery and the monitoring of hydrogel degradation using computed tomography (CT). These exciting results highlight this hydrogel as a versatile imageable drug delivery platform that can be activated simultaneously to radiation therapy and potentially offers improved treatment for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bouché
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yuxi C Dong
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Saad Sheikh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard Atrium, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kimberly Taing
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Deeksha Saxena
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard Atrium, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jessica C Hsu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Minna H Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ryan D Salinas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jay Dorsey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard Atrium, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David P Cormode
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Silverstein Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Mehrotra D, Dwivedi R, Nandana D, Singh RK. From injectable to 3D printed hydrogels in maxillofacial tissue engineering: A review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 10:680-689. [PMID: 33072505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This review aims at describing different types of hydrogels in context to their composition, fabrication techniques and other specific features along with an insight into the latest advancements including smart hydrogels, 3D printed, programmable, shape memory and self-healing hydrogels for their applicability as scaffold in maxillofacial bone and cartilage tissue regeneration. Methods Electronic database searches were undertaken on PubMed, Ovid, Medline, Embase, ProQuest and science direct for English language literature, published for application of hydrogels in maxillofacial bone and cartilage tissue engineering. The search items used in this article were hydrogel, bone and cartilage tissue engineering, maxillofacial, clinical trials. Reviews and in vitro studies were excluded. Results Search for injectable hydrogel showed 4955 articles, when restricted to bone tissue engineering results were reduced to 463 and for cartilage engineering to 335; when we limited it to maxillofacial bone and cartilage tissue engineering, search results showed 49 articles to which 9 additional articles were included from references, after exclusion of in-vitro studies and duplicates 16 articles were obtained for our study. Similarly, for 3D printed hydrogels, result showed 1126 articles, which got restricted to 19 when searched for maxillofacial bone and cartilage engineering, then 2 additional articles were included directly from references, and finally after exclusion of the invitro studies and duplicates, a total of 5 articles were obtained. Conclusion Modifications in hydrogel can improve the mechanical properties, biocompatibility and unique chemistries for its use in bone and cartilage tissue engineering for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mehrotra
- Professor, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ruby Dwivedi
- Research Student, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepti Nandana
- Research Student, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - R K Singh
- Professor, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Overcoming barriers confronting application of protein therapeutics in bone fracture healing. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 11:842-865. [PMID: 32783153 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone fracture is a major contributor to debilitation and death among patients with bone diseases. Thus, osteogenic protein therapeutics and their delivery to bone have been extensively researched as strategies to accelerate fracture healing. To prevent morbidity and mortality of fractures, which occur frequently in the aging population, there is a critical need for development of first-line therapeutics. Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been at the forefront of bone regeneration research for its potent osteoinduction, despite safety concerns and biophysiological obstacles of delivery to bone. However, continued pursuit of osteoinductive proteins as a therapeutic option is largely aided by drug delivery systems, playing an imperative role in enhancing safety and efficacy. In this work, we highlighted several types of drug delivery platforms and their biomaterials, to evaluate the suitability in overcoming challenges of therapeutic protein delivery for bone regeneration. To showcase the clinical considerations for each type of platform, we have assessed the most common route of administration strategies for bone regeneration, classifying the platforms as implantable or injectable. Additionally, we have analyzed the commonly utilized models and methodology for safety and efficacy evaluation of these osteogenic protein-loaded systems, to present clinical opinions for future directions of research in this field. It is hoped that this review will promote research and development of clinically translatable osteogenic protein therapeutics, while targeting first-line treatment status for achieving desired outcomes of fracture healing. Graphical abstract.
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Yue S, He H, Li B, Hou T. Hydrogel as a Biomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1511. [PMID: 32752105 PMCID: PMC7466535 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe bone damage from diseases, including extensive trauma, fractures, and bone tumors, cannot self-heal, while traditional surgical treatment may bring side effects such as infection, inflammation, and pain. As a new biomaterial with controllable mechanical properties and biocompatibility, hydrogel is widely used in bone tissue engineering (BTE) as a scaffold for growth factor transport and cell adhesion. In order to make hydrogel more suitable for the local treatment of bone diseases, hydrogel preparation methods should be combined with synthetic materials with excellent properties and advanced technologies in different fields to better control drug release in time and orientation. It is necessary to establish a complete method to evaluate the hydrogel's properties and biocompatibility with the human body. Moreover, establishment of standard animal models of bone defects helps in studying the therapeutic effect of hydrogels on bone repair, as well as to evaluate the safety and suitability of hydrogels. Thus, this review aims to systematically summarize current studies of hydrogels in BTE, including the mechanisms for promoting bone synthesis, design, and preparation; characterization and evaluation methods; as well as to explore future applications of hydrogels in BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Hui He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 43000, China
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Gong Y, Zhang Y, Cao Z, Ye F, Lin Z, Li Y. Development of CaCO 3 microsphere-based composite hydrogel for dual delivery of growth factor and Ca to enhance bone regeneration. Biomater Sci 2020; 7:3614-3626. [PMID: 31210206 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00463g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Injectable scaffolds have attracted much attention because of their minimum surgical invasiveness. However, limited osteogenic induction property and low mechanical properties hampered their application in bone tissue engineering. CaCO3 microspheres, which possess osteoinductivity, rough surfaces and specific binding sites for BMP-2, were first fabricated; after BMP-2 uploading, microspheres were further entrapped in fibrin-glue hydrogel. CaCO3 microspheres were co-functionalized with casein and heparin. To obtain a high encapsulation of heparin and thus BMP-2 uploading, along with controlled release and simultaneous maintenance of the presence of vaterite which had osteogenic induction property, fabrication parameters were optimized and microspheres were characterized using XRD, FITR and SEM. The formed CaCO3 had a microsphere morphology of ∼1 μm. Both vaterite and calcite phases were present and the relative amount of calcite phase increased with the amount of heparin. Sample 25 mM_4-1Hep with the highest loading amount of heparin was selected as carrier for BMP-2 and BMP-2 loaded CaCO3 microspheres were further entrapped in fibrin-glue hydrogel (FC-B). For the as-prepared composite hydrogel, mechanical properties were characterized and the presence of CaCO3 significantly elevated the tensile strength; controlled release of BMP-2 was sustained until day 21. Based on ALP activity, alizarin red staining and RT-PCR, in vitro osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was found to be significantly enhanced under induction of FC-B. Rabbit tibia bone defect model was applied to evaluate its in vivo performance. After implantation for 4 weeks, presence of composite hydrogel was observed in defects. After 8 weeks, bone defects of FC-B group were nearly completely healed. Using the fact that autologous scaffolds can be derived based on fibrin-glue hydrogel, the well-designed BMP-2 loaded fibrin-glue composite hydrogel demonstrated good potential in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
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Chen Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Miao J, Zhao Z, Jin X, Liu L, Yu L, Shen C, Ding J. An injectable thermosensitive hydrogel loaded with an ancient natural drug colchicine for myocardial repair after infarction. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:980-992. [PMID: 31930242 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02523e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Localized administration of anti-inflammatory agents benefits patients after myocardial infarction (MI) by repressing/modulating inflammatory response of the MI region and thus accelerating repair of the impaired tissues. Colchicine (Col), an ancient natural drug, has excellent anti-inflammatory effects; however, its utilization is strictly limited due to its severe systemic toxicity and narrow therapeutic window. In this study, we developed an intramyocardial delivery system of Col using an injectable, thermosensitive poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) polymer hydrogel as the vehicle for the treatment of MI while minimizing its systemic toxicity. The aqueous PLGA-PEG-PLGA solution loaded with Col (Col@Gel) underwent a sol-gel transition at 35 °C and maintained a gel state at body temperature. Col was released from the Col@Gel in an initial burst followed by a sustained release manner for over 8 days. The in vitro cell tests showed that the Col@Gel system significantly inhibited macrophage proliferation and migration. In a mouse model of MI, a single intramyocardial administration of the Col@Gel effectively alleviated cardiac inflammation, inhibited myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis, improved cardiac function and structure, and increased mouse survival without inducing severe systemic toxicity, which was observed following intraperitoneal administration of Col solution. These results suggested that the Col@Gel system is a reliable drug delivery system for the sustained local release of Col and has great potential as an anti-inflammatory therapy for the treat of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Jiayue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Jiajun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Xian Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China. and Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong 51900, China
| | - Chengxing Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China. and Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong 51900, China
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Lin SY. Thermoresponsive gating membranes embedded with liquid crystal(s) for pulsatile transdermal drug delivery: An overview and perspectives. J Control Release 2019; 319:450-474. [PMID: 31901369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the circadian rhythm regulation of almost every biological process in the human body, physiological and biochemical conditions vary considerably over the course of a 24-h period. Thus, optimal drug delivery and therapy should be effectively controlled to achieve the desired therapeutic plasma concentrations and therapeutic drug responses at the required time according to chronopharmacological concepts, rather than continuous maintenance of constant drug concentrations for an extended time period. For many drugs, it is not always necessary to constantly deliver a drug into the human body under disease conditions due to rhythmic variations. Pulsatile drug delivery systems (PDDSs) have been receiving more attention in pharmaceutical development by providing a predetermined lag period, followed by a fast or rate-controlled drug release after application. PDDSs are characterized by a programmed drug release, which may release a drug at repeatable pulses to match the biological and clinical needs of a given disease therapy. This review article focuses on thermoresponsive gating membranes embedded with liquid crystals (LCs) for transdermal drug delivery using PDDS technology. In addition, the principal rationale and the advanced approaches for the use of PDDSs, the marketed products of chronotherapeutic DDSs with pulsatile function designed by various PDDS technologies, pulsatile drug delivery designed with thermoresponsive polymers, challenges and opportunities of transdermal drug delivery, and novel approaches of LC systems for drug delivery are reviewed and discussed. A brief overview of all academic research articles concerning single LC- or binary LC-embedded thermoresponsive membranes with a switchable on-off permeation function through topical application by an external temperature control, which may modulate the dosing interval and administration time according to the therapeutic needs of the human body, is also compiled and presented. In the near future, since thermal-based approaches have become a well-accepted method to enhance transdermal delivery of different water-soluble drugs and macromolecules, a combination of the thermal-assisted approach with thermoresponsive LCs membranes will have the potential to improve PDDS applications but still poses a great challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yang Lin
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, No.306, Yuanpei Street, Hsin Chu 30015, Taiwan.
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Kim MG, Kang TW, Park JY, Park SH, Ji YB, Ju HJ, Kwon DY, Kim YS, Kim SW, Lee B, Choi HS, Lee HB, Kim JH, Lee BY, Min BH, Kim MS. An injectable cationic hydrogel electrostatically interacted with BMP2 to enhance in vivo osteogenic differentiation of human turbinate mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109853. [PMID: 31349513 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We have designed and characterized an injectable, electrostatically bonded, in situ-forming hydrogel system consisting of a cationic polyelectrolyte [(methoxy)polyethylene glycol-b-(poly(ε-caprolactone)-ran-poly(L-lactic acid)] (MP) copolymer derivatized with an amine group (MP-NH2) and anionic BMP2. To the best of our knowledge, there have been hardly any studies that have investigated electrostatically bonded, in situ-forming hydrogel systems consisting of MP-NH2 and BMP2, with respect to how they promote in vivo osteogenic differentiation of human turbinate mesenchymal stem cells (hTMSCs). Injectable formulations almost immediately formed an electrostatically loaded hydrogel depot containing BMP2, upon injection into mice. The hydrogel features and stability of BMP2 inside the hydrogel were significantly affected by the electrostatic attraction between BMP2 and MP-NH2. Additionally, the time BMP2 spent inside the hydrogel depot was prolonged in vivo, as evidenced by in vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging. Biocompatibility was demonstrated by the fact that hTMSCs survived in vivo, even after 8 weeks and even though relatively few macrophages were in the hydrogel depot. The osteogenic capacity of the electrostatically loaded hydrogel implants containing BMP2 was higher than that of a hydrogel that was simply loaded with BMP2, as evidenced by Alizarin Red S, von Kossa, and hematoxylin and eosin staining as well as osteonectin, osteopontin, osteocalcin, and type 1α collagen mRNA expression. The results confirmed that our injectable, in situ-forming hydrogel system, electrostatically loaded with BMP2, can enhance in vivo osteogenic differentiation of hTMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mal Geum Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Kang
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yeong Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hun Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Bae Ji
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Ju
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Yeon Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Kim
- The Institute of Biomaterial and Medical Engineering, Cellumed Co., Ltd., Seoul 08589, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Hai Bang Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Bun Yeoul Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Hyun Min
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
This microreview details recent developments in stimuli-responsive polymers with phosphorus in the main-chain, in particular polyphosphazenes and polyphosphoesters. The presence of phosphorus in the polymers endows unique properties onto the macromolecules, which can be utilized for the preparation of materials capable of physically responding to specific stimuli. Achieving the desired responsiveness has been much facilitated by recent developments in synthetic polymer chemistry, in particular controlled synthesis and backbone functionalization phosphorus-based polymers, in order to achieve the required properties and hence responsiveness of the materials. The development of phosphorus-based polymers which respond to the most important stimuli are discussed, namely, pH, oxidation, reduction, temperature and biological triggers. The polymers are placed in the context not just of each other but also with reference to state-of-the-art organic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
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Khan RU, Wang L, Yu H, Zain-ul-Abdin, Akram M, Wu J, Haroon M, Ullah RS, Deng Z, Xia X. Recent progress in the synthesis of poly(organo)phosphazenes and their applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Guided Bone Regeneration Using Collagen Scaffolds, Growth Factors, and Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells for Treatment of Peri-Implant Bone Defects In Vivo. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:3548435. [PMID: 28951742 PMCID: PMC5603746 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3548435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was an evaluation of different approaches for guided bone regeneration (GBR) of peri-implant defects in an in vivo animal model. Materials and Methods In minipigs (n = 15), peri-implant defects around calcium phosphate- (CaP-; n = 46) coated implants were created and randomly filled with (1) blank, (2) collagen/hydroxylapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold (CHT), (3) CHT + growth factor cocktail (GFC), (4) jellyfish collagen matrix, (5) jellyfish collagen matrix + GFC, (6) collagen powder, and (7) collagen powder + periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). Additional collagen membranes were used for coverage of the defects. After 120 days of healing, bone growth was evaluated histologically (bone to implant contact (BIC;%)), vertical bone apposition (VBA; mm), and new bone height (NBH; %). Results In all groups, new bone formation was seen. Though, when compared to the blank group, no significant differences were detected for all parameters. BIC and NBH in the group with collagen matrix as well as the group with the collagen matrix + GFC were significantly less when compared to the collagen powder group (all: p < 0.003). Conclusion GBR procedures, in combination with CaP-coated implants, will lead to an enhancement of peri-implant bone growth. There was no additional significant enhancement of osseous regeneration when using GFC or PDLSC.
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