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Olorundare OE, Adeneye AA, Akinsola AO, Ajayi AM, Atolani O, Soyemi SS, Mgbehoma AI, Albrecht RM. Anti-apoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms may underlie the abrogative potential of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. Leaf extract and fractions against trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:200-214. [PMID: 38313815 PMCID: PMC10837095 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical use of trastuzumab (TZM), has been widely associated with increased incidence of cardiotoxicity. Ocimum gratissimum Linn. is a household medicinal plant popularly used for treating inflammatory conditions. In this study, we investigated the abrogative potential of 100 mg/kg/day of the ethanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. (OG) and its petroleum ether (PEOG), ethyl acetate (EAOG) and ethanol (EOG) fractions in TZM intoxicated Wistar rats for 7 days using anthropometric, biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical endpoints. In addition, secondary metabolite constituents in OG and its fractions were determined through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The study results showed that oral pretreatments with OG and OG fractions as well as the fixed dose valsartan-lisinopril (VAL-LSP) combination effectively ameliorated and restore nearly normal levels the TZM-altered plasma cardiac troponin I and antioxidant profile which were corroborated by histopathological and immunohistochemical findings as indicated by the inhibition of TZM-induced activation of caspases-3 and - 9 and profound upregulation of BCL-2 expression. Phytoscan of OG and its fractions showed the presence of thymol and in high amount. Overall, our findings revealed the cardioprotective potentials of OG, OG fractions and fixed dose VAL-LSP combination against TZM-induced cardiotoxicity which probably was mediated via abrogation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke Esan Olorundare
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Adejuwon Adewale Adeneye
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, 1–5 Oba Akinjobi Way, G.R.A., Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Akinyele Olubiyi Akinsola
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Mayowa Ajayi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olubunmi Atolani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Sokunle Soyemi
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, 1–5 Oba Akinjobi Way, G.R.A., Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Alban Ikenna Mgbehoma
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Lagos State University College of Medicine, 1–5 Oba Akinjobi Way, G.R.A., Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ralph Muehl Albrecht
- Animal Sciences, 1675 Observatory Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Ponnian SMP, Stanely SP, Roy AJ. Cardioprotective effects of p-coumaric acid on tachycardia, inflammation, ion pump dysfunction, and electrolyte imbalance in isoproterenol-induced experimental myocardial infarction. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23668. [PMID: 38439645 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases cause a large number of deaths throughout the world. No research was conducted earlier on p-coumaric acid's effect on tachycardia, inflammation, ion pump dysfunction, and electrolyte imbalance. Hence, we appraised the above-said parameters in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. This investigation included 24 male albino Wistar rats in 4 groups. Normal control Group 1, p-coumaric acid (8 mg/kg body weight) alone treated Group 2, Isoproterenol (100 mg/kg body weight) induced myocardial infarcted Group 3, p-coumaric acid (8 mg/kg body weight) pretreated isoproterenol (100 mg/kg body weight) induced Group 4. After 1 day of the last dose of isoproterenol injection (day 10), rats were killed and blood and heart were taken and inflammatory markers, lipid peroxidation, nonenzymatic antioxidants, ion pumps, and electrolytes were measured. The heart rate, serum cardiac troponin-T, serum/plasma inflammatory markers, and heart proinflammatory cytokines were raised in isoproterenol-induced rats. Isoproterenol also enhanced plasma lipid peroxidation, lessened plasma nonenzymatic antioxidants, and altered heart ion pumps and serum and heart electrolytes. In this study, p-coumaric acid pretreatment orally for 7 days to isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats prevented changes in the above-cited parameters. p-Coumaric acid's anti-tachycardial, anti-inflammatory, anti-ion pump dysfunction and anti-electrolyte imbalance properties are the mechanisms for these cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanely Mainzen Prince Ponnian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shervin Prince Stanely
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhro Jyoti Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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Huang M, Du H, Lai J, Huang X, Xie W, Wu Y, Chen B, Li Y, Gao F, Huang W, Li G, Chen D, Liang G, Li Z, Liu Q, Ding B. Clinical efficacy of Kuanxiong aerosol for patients with prehospital chest pain: A randomized controlled trial. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155206. [PMID: 38091825 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kuanxiong Aerosol (KXA)(CardioVent®), consisting of Asarum sieboldii Miq. oil, Santalum album L. oil, Alpinia officinarum Hance oil, Piper longum L. oil and borneol, seems to relieve the symptoms of chest pain and serve as a supplementary treatment for prehospital chest pain in emergency department. STYLE OF THE STUDY This randomized controlled trial aimed to determine the clinical effect and safety of KXA for patients with prehospital chest pain. METHODS A total of 200 patients were recruited from Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and randomly divided into KXA group (n = 100) and Nitroglycerin Aerosol (NA) group (n = 100) by SAS 9.2 software. All patients were treated with standardized Western medicine according to the pre-hospital procedure. The experimental group and NA group was additionally treated with KXA and NA respectively. The primary outcome was the relieving time of prehospital chest pain (presented as relief rate) after first-time treatment. The secondary outcomes included the evaluation of chest pain (NRS scores, degree of chest pain, frequency of chest pain after first-time treatment), efficacy in follow-up time (the frequency of average aerosol use, emergency department visits, 120 calls, medical observations and hospitalization at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks), alleviation of chest pain (Seattle angina questionnaire, chest pain occurrence, and degree of chest pain at 12-weeks treatment) and the change of TCM symptoms before and after 12-weeks treatment. In addition, the safety of KXA was also assessed by the occurrence of adverse events. The database was created using Epidata software, and statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 23.0 software. RESULTS A total of 194 participants finally completed the trial, the results showed that after first-time treatment, KXA had a higher relief rate (72.2%) of chest pain within 30 min than that of NA group (59.4%, p = 0.038), KXA group had a lower degree of chest pain (p = 0.005), lower NRS score (p = 0.011) and higher reduction of NRS score (p = 0.005) than the NA. In the follow-up period, KXA group decreased the frequency of 120 call better than that of NA group at 4 weeks (p = 0.040), but KXA had a similar efficacy as NA in the improvement on the of frequency of chest pain, aerosol use, emergency department visits, 120 call, medical observation and hospitalization at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks (p>0.05). There also had no difference between the two groups on the occurrence of chest pain, degree of chest pain, physical limitation, angina stability, treatment satisfaction, and disease perception between the two groups at 12 weeks (p>0.05). In addition, KXA and NA both improved the patient's chest pain, but not the TCM symptoms. In terms of safety, KXA showed similar safety as NA in this study. CONCLUSIONS KXA relieved prehospital chest pain faster than NA and had a better remission effect on the prehospital chest pain than that of the NA group in short-period. In long-period, KXA showed similar efficacy on the improvement of prehospital chest pain as NA. KXA may be a safe and reliable therapy for prehospital chest pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhua Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongjin Du
- Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahua Lai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyuan Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baijian Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonglin Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guowei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dunfan Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guorong Liang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zunjiang Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanle Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Banghan Ding
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Yovas A, Stanely SP, Issac R, Ponnian SMP. β-caryophyllene blocks reactive oxygen species-mediated hyperlipidemia in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176102. [PMID: 37827479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death. Lipid-lowering interventions have been shown to decrease coronary events and mortality of MI and heart failure. In this investigation, we assessed the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of β-caryophyllene in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. β-Caryophyllene (20 mg/kg body weight) pre-and co-treatment was given to rats orally, daily, for 3 weeks. Isoproterenol (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered to rats to induce MI. The levels of serum cardiac troponins T and I, serum and heart total cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and the levels of serum low-density and very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterols were augmented, and the level of serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was lessened in myocardial infarcted rats. Further, the activity/levels of liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were amplified and the activity/levels of heart glutathione -S- transferase, vitamin C, and vitamin E were lessened by isoproterenol. A down-regulated expression of liver sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and liver low-density lipoprotein-receptor genes was observed by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction study. Moreover, histopathology of Sudan III staining revealed an accumulation of fats in the heart of isoproterenol-induced rats. Nevertheless, β-caryophyllene pre-and co-treatment blocked alterations in all the parameters examined in isoproterenol-induced rats and inhibited the risk of MI. Moreover, the in vitro study revealed the potent free radical scavenging and antioxidant effects of β-caryophyllene. β-Caryophyllene's antioxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic properties are the possible mechanisms for the observed protective effects in this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Yovas
- Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shervin Prince Stanely
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Reya Issac
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Stanely Mainzen Prince Ponnian
- Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Yovas A, Stanely SP, Prince Ponnian SM. Protective effects of β-caryophyllene on mitochondrial damage and cardiac hypertrophy pathways in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175785. [PMID: 37207967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The cardiac mitochondrial damage and cardiac hypertrophy pathways are intimately associated with the pathology of myocardial infarction (MI). The protective effects of β-caryophyllene on mitochondrial damage and cardiac hypertrophy pathways in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats were investigated. Isoproterenol (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered to induce MI. The ST-segment, QT interval, and T wave were widened, and the QRS complex and P wave were shortened in the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the serum cardiac diagnostic markers and heart mitochondrial lipid peroxidation products, calcium ions, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were elevated and the heart mitochondrial antioxidants, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and respiratory chain enzymes were lessened in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. The heart mitochondrial damage was noted in the transmission electron microscopic study. The whole heart weight was increased and the subunits of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate - oxidase 2 (Nox 2) genes such as cybb and p22-phox and cardiac hypertrophy genes such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), β -myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), and actin alpha skeletal muscle-1(ACTA-1) were highly expressed in the rat's heart by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction study. The β-caryophyllene (20 mg/kg body weight) pre- and co-treatment orally, daily for 21 days reversed changes in ECG and lessened cardiac diagnostic markers, ROS, and whole heart weight and ameliorated mitochondrial damage and Nox/ANP/BNP/β-MHC/ACTA-1cardiac hypertrophy pathways in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats. The observed effects might be due to the antioxidant, anti-mitochondrial damaging, and anti-cardiac hypertrophic mechanisms of β-caryophyllene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Yovas
- Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shervin Prince Stanely
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Stanely Mainzen Prince Ponnian
- Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Younis NS. β-Caryophyllene Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide Induced Cardiac Injury: The Association of TLR4/NFκB and Nrf2/HO1/NQO1 Pathways. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9050133. [PMID: 35621844 PMCID: PMC9145742 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9050133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: β-caryophyllene (BCP), a natural sesquiterpene, is extensively present in the essential oils of several plants. Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is an anticancer drug. However, its clinical usage is inadequate due to its cardiotoxicity. The aim of this study was to study the effects of BCP on cardiac injury induced by CYC exposure, and to identify the underlying mechanism of action. Methods: Five groups of Wistar rats were allocated. Group I (Normal), II (BCP), and III (CYC) acted as controls. Group IV, V (CYC + BCP) received BCP in two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg, orally, respectively) for 14 days after CYC challenge. CYC groups received 200 mg/kg, i.p. of the drug once on the first day of experiments. Results: CYC group displayed numerous ECG and histological irregularities and cardiac markers elevation. CYC induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress intensification, as well as inflammatory and apoptotic markers escalation. Treatment with BCP resulted in modified ECG traces and histological sections. BCP mitigated cardiac markers and lipid peroxidation whereas intensified antioxidant capacity. BCP activated Nrf2, with subsequent HO1 and NQO1 amplification. BCP diminished TLR4/NFκB pathway, which consequently lessened the inflammatory and apoptosis responses. Conclusion: BCP administration was associated with activated Nrf2/HO1/NQO1 and inhibited TLR4/NFκB pathways with subsequent enhanced anti-oxidative capacity and diminished inflammatory and apoptosis responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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