1
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Huo Q, Wang T, Wang T, Zhang R. Acetazolamide attenuates cardiac fibrosis induced by aortic constriction through inhibiting transforming growth factor-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway in mice. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2317-2321. [PMID: 30867716 PMCID: PMC6395962 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect and mechanism of acetazolamide on cardiac fibrosis induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) were investigated. C57BL/6 mice were subjected to TAC or sham operation and then were orally gavaged with acetazolamide (20 mg/kg/day). After 4 weeks of operation, cardiac function was detected by echocardiography. Interstitial fibrosis was stained with Masson's trichrome. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and Smad2 were measured by western blotting. The TAC mice displayed significant cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. The expression of α-SMA, collagen I, TGF-β1 and p-Smad2 in the TAC group was higher than those in the sham group. By contrast, acetazolamide administration inhibited interstitial fibrosis, as well as improved cardiac dysfunction induced by TAC. Acetazolamide also reduced the expression of α-SMA, collagen I, TGF-β1 and p-Smad2 in the TAC mice. Acetazolamide was able to attenuate cardiac fibrosis and improve cardiac dysfunction. The molecular mechanism involved in the anti-fibrotic effect of acetazolamide possibly was through inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Jining Νo. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zoucheng People's Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong 273500, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiyang People's Hospital, Jiyang, Shandong 251400, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, P.R. China
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2
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Gyöngyösi M, Winkler J, Ramos I, Do QT, Firat H, McDonald K, González A, Thum T, Díez J, Jaisser F, Pizard A, Zannad F. Myocardial fibrosis: biomedical research from bench to bedside. Eur J Heart Fail 2017; 19:177-191. [PMID: 28157267 PMCID: PMC5299507 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis refers to a variety of quantitative and qualitative changes in the interstitial myocardial collagen network that occur in response to cardiac ischaemic insults, systemic diseases, drugs, or any other harmful stimulus affecting the circulatory system or the heart itself. Myocardial fibrosis alters the architecture of the myocardium, facilitating the development of cardiac dysfunction, also inducing arrhythmias, influencing the clinical course and outcome of heart failure patients. Focusing on myocardial fibrosis may potentially improve patient care through the targeted diagnosis and treatment of emerging fibrotic pathways. The European Commission funded the FIBROTARGETS consortium as a multinational academic and industrial consortium with the primary aim of performing a systematic and collaborative search of targets of myocardial fibrosis, and then translating these mechanisms into individualized diagnostic tools and specific therapeutic pharmacological options for heart failure. This review focuses on those methodological and technological aspects considered and developed by the consortium to facilitate the transfer of the new mechanistic knowledge on myocardial fibrosis into potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isbaal Ramos
- Innovative Technologies in Biological Systems SL (INNOPROT), Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Germany.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Frédéric Jaisser
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Anne Pizard
- UMRS U1116 Inserm, CIC 1433, Pierre Drouin, CHU, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- UMRS U1116 Inserm, CIC 1433, Pierre Drouin, CHU, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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3
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Association between an indel polymorphism in the 3′UTR of COL1A2 and the risk of sudden cardiac death in Chinese populations. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2017; 28:22-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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4
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Barallobre-Barreiro J, Lynch M, Yin X, Mayr M. Systems biology-opportunities and challenges: the application of proteomics to study the cardiovascular extracellular matrix. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:626-636. [PMID: 27635058 PMCID: PMC5157133 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems biology approaches including proteomics are becoming more widely used in cardiovascular research. In this review article, we focus on the application of proteomics to the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM remodelling is a hallmark of many cardiovascular diseases. Proteomic techniques using mass spectrometry (MS) provide a platform for the comprehensive analysis of ECM proteins without a priori assumptions. Proteomics overcomes various constraints inherent to conventional antibody detection. On the other hand, studies that use whole tissue lysates for proteomic analysis mask the identification of the less abundant ECM constituents. In this review, we first discuss decellularization-based methods that enrich for ECM proteins in cardiac tissue, and how targeted MS allows for accurate protein quantification. The second part of the review will focus on post-translational modifications including hydroxylation and glycosylation and on the release of matrix fragments with biological activity (matrikines), all of which can be interrogated by proteomic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Lynch
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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5
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Asiatic Acid Attenuates the Progression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Heart Failure Induced by Pressure Overload by Inhibiting Myocardial Remodeling in Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 66:558-68. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Dupuis LE, Berger MG, Feldman S, Doucette L, Fowlkes V, Chakravarti S, Thibaudeau S, Alcala NE, Bradshaw AD, Kern CB. Lumican deficiency results in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy with altered collagen assembly. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 84:70-80. [PMID: 25886697 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The ability of the heart to adapt to increased stress is dependent on the modification of its extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture that is established during postnatal development as cardiomyocytes differentiate, a process that is poorly understood. We hypothesized that the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) lumican (LUM), which binds collagen and facilitates collagen assembly in other tissues, may play a critical role in establishing the postnatal murine myocardial ECM. Although previous studies suggest that LUM deficient mice (lum(-/-)) exhibit skin anomalies consistent with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, lum(-/-) hearts have not been evaluated. These studies show that LUM was immunolocalized to non-cardiomyocytes of the cardiac ventricles and its expression increased throughout development. Lumican deficiency resulted in significant (50%) perinatal death and further examination of the lum(-/-) neonatal hearts revealed an increase in myocardial tissue without a significant increase in cell proliferation. However cardiomyocytes from surviving postnatal day 0 (P0), 1 month (1 mo) and adult (4 mo) lum(-/-) hearts were significantly larger than their wild type (WT) littermates. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the increased cardiomyocyte size in the lum(-/-) hearts correlated with alteration of the cardiomyocyte pericellular ECM components collagenα1(I) and the class I SLRP decorin (DCN). Western blot analysis demonstrated that the ratio of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) decorated DCN to core DCN was reduced in P0 and 1 mo lum(-/-) hearts. There was also a reduction in the β and γ forms of collagenα1(I) in lum(-/-) hearts. While the total insoluble collagen content was significantly reduced, the fibril size was increased in lum(-/-) hearts, indicating that LUM may play a role in collagen fiber stability and lateral fibril assembly. These results suggest that LUM controls cardiomyocyte growth by regulating the pericellular ECM and also indicates that LUM may coordinate multiple factors of collagen assembly in the murine heart. Further investigation into the role of LUM may yield novel therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren E Dupuis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Matthew G Berger
- Honors College, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29401, United States
| | - Samuel Feldman
- Honors College, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29401, United States
| | - Lorna Doucette
- Honors College, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29401, United States
| | - Vennece Fowlkes
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Shukti Chakravarti
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Sarah Thibaudeau
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Nicolas E Alcala
- Honors College, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29401, United States
| | - Amy D Bradshaw
- Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Christine B Kern
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States.
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7
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Paolini P, Pick D, Lapira J, Sannino G, Pasqualini L, Ludka C, Sprague LJ, Zhang X, Bartolotta EA, Vazquez-Hidalgo E, Barba DT, Bazan C, Hardiman G. Developmental and extracellular matrix-remodeling processes in rosiglitazone-exposed neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 15:759-74. [PMID: 24897284 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of rosiglitazone (Avandia(®)) on gene expression in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. MATERIALS & METHODS Myocytes were exposed to rosiglitazone ex vivo. The two factors examined in the experiment were drug exposure (rosiglitazone and dimethyl sulfoxide vs dimethyl sulfoxide), and length of exposure to drug (½ h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h, 18 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h). RESULTS Transcripts that were consistently expressed in response to the drug were identified. Cardiovascular system development, extracellular matrix and immune response are represented prominently among the significantly modified gene ontology terms. CONCLUSION Hmgcs2, Angptl4, Cpt1a, Cyp1b1, Ech1 and Nqo1 mRNAs were strongly upregulated in cells exposed to rosiglitazone. Enrichment of transcripts involved in cardiac muscle cell differentiation and the extracellular matrix provides a panel of biomarkers for further analysis in the context of adverse cardiac outcomes in humans. Original submitted 15 November 2013; Revision submitted 14 February 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Paolini
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, CA, USA
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8
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Voorhees AP, Han HC. A model to determine the effect of collagen fiber alignment on heart function post myocardial infarction. Theor Biol Med Model 2014; 11:6. [PMID: 24456675 PMCID: PMC3914851 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4682-11-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse remodeling of the left ventricle (LV) following myocardial infarction (MI) leads to heart failure. Recent studies have shown that scar anisotropy is a determinant of cardiac function post-MI, however it remains unclear how changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and structure contribute to changes in LV function. The objective of this study is to develop a model to identify potential mechanisms by which collagen structure and organization affect LV function post-MI. METHODS A four-region, multi-scale, cylindrical model of the post-MI LV was developed. The mechanical properties of the infarct region are governed by a constitutive equation based on the uncrimping of collagen fibers. The parameters of this constitutive equation include collagen orientation, angular dispersion, fiber stiffness, crimp angle, and density. Parametric variation of these parameters was used to elucidate the relationship between collagen properties and LV function. RESULTS The mathematical model of the LV revealed several factors that influenced cardiac function post-MI. LV function was maximized when collagen fibers were aligned longitudinally. Increased collagen density was also found to improve stroke volume for longitudinal alignments while increased fiber stiffness decreased stroke volume for circumferential alignments. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that cardiac function post-MI is best preserved through increased circumferential compliance. Further, this study identifies several collagen fiber-level mechanisms that could potentially regulate both infarct level and organ level mechanics. Improved understanding of the multi-scale relationships between the ECM and LV function will be beneficial in the design of new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Voorhees
- Biomedical Engineering Program, UTSA-UTHSCSA 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Hai-Chao Han
- Biomedical Engineering Program, UTSA-UTHSCSA 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio Biomedical Engineering Program, UTSA-UTHSCSA, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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9
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Dupuis LE, Kern CB. Small leucine-rich proteoglycans exhibit unique spatiotemporal expression profiles during cardiac valve development. Dev Dyn 2014; 243:601-11. [PMID: 24272803 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small Leucine Rich Proteoglycans (SLRPs) play a role in collagen fiber formation and also function as signaling molecules. Given the importance of collagen synthesis to the cardiovascular extracellular matrix (ECM), we examined the spatiotemporal expression of SLRPs, not previously investigated in the murine heart. RESULTS Cardiac expression using antibodies specific for biglycan (BGN), decorin (DCN), fibromodulin (FMOD), and lumican (LUM) revealed distinct patterns among the SLRPs in mesenchymal-derived tissues. DCN showed the most intense localization within the developing valve cusps, while LUM was evident primarily in the hinge region of postnatal cardiac valves. BGN, DCN, and FMOD were immunolocalized to regions where cardiac valves anchor into adjacent tissues. Medial (BGN) and adventitial (BGN, DCN, FMOD and LUM) layers of the pulmonary and aortic arteries also showed intense staining of SLRPs but this spatiotemporal expression varied with developmental age. CONCLUSIONS The unique expression patterns of SLRPs suggest they have adapted to specialized roles in the cardiovascular ECM. SLRP expression patterns overlap with areas where TGFβ signaling is critical to the developing heart. Therefore, we speculate that SLRPs may not only be required to facilitate collagen fiber formation but may also regulate TGFβ signaling in the murine heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren E Dupuis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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10
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Al-Rubaiee M, Gangula PR, Millis RM, Walker RK, Umoh NA, Cousins VM, Jeffress MA, Haddad GE. Inotropic and lusitropic effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 304:H1525-37. [PMID: 23585136 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00874.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated positive-inotropic effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), but the mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, two experiments were performed to determine the physiological correlates of the positive-inotropic effects of CGRP. Treatments designed to antagonize the effects of physiologically active CGRP₁₋₃₇ included posttreatment with CGRP₈₋₃₇ and pretreatment with LY-294002 (LY, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase), 17β-estradiol (E), and progesterone (P) were also used to modulate the effects of CGRP₁₋₃₇. Experiment 1 was in vitro studies on sarcomeres and cells of isolated adult rat cardiac myocytes. CGRP₁₋₃₇, alone and in combination with E and P, decreased sarcomere shortening velocities and increased shortening percentages, effects that were antagonized by CGRP₈₋₃₇, but not by LY. CGRP₁₋₃₇ increased resting intracellular calcium ion concentrations and Ca(2+) influxes, effects that were also antagonized by both CGRP₈₋₃₇ and LY. Experiment 2 was in vivo studies on left ventricular pressure-volume (PV) loops. CGRP₁₋₃₇ increased end-systolic pressure, ejection fraction, and velocities of contraction and relaxation while decreasing stroke volume, cardiac output, stroke work, PV area, and compliance. After partial occlusion of the vena cava, CGRP₁₋₃₇ increased the slope of the end-systolic PV relationship. CGRP₈₋₃₇ and LY attenuated most of the CGRP-induced changes. These findings suggest that CGRP-induced positive-inotropic effects may be increased by treatments with estradiol and progesterone and inhibited by LY. The physiological correlates of CGRP-induced positive inotropy observed in rat sarcomeres, cells, and intact hearts are likely to reveal novel mechanisms of heart failure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Al-Rubaiee
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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11
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Rasi K, Piuhola J, Czabanka M, Sormunen R, Ilves M, Leskinen H, Rysä J, Kerkelä R, Janmey P, Heljasvaara R, Peuhkurinen K, Vuolteenaho O, Ruskoaho H, Vajkoczy P, Pihlajaniemi T, Eklund L. Collagen XV Is Necessary for Modeling of the Extracellular Matrix and Its Deficiency Predisposes to Cardiomyopathy. Circ Res 2010; 107:1241-52. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.222133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Rationale:
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major determinant of the structural integrity and functional properties of the myocardium in common pathological conditions, and changes in vasculature contribute to cardiac dysfunction. Collagen (Col) XV is preferentially expressed in the ECM of cardiac muscle and microvessels.
Objective:
We aimed to characterize the ECM, cardiovascular function and responses to elevated cardiovascular load in mice lacking Col XV (
Col15a1
−/−
) to define its functional role in the vasculature and in age- and hypertension-associated myocardial remodeling.
Methods and Results:
Cardiac structure and vasculature were analyzed by light and electron microscopy. Cardiac function, intraarterial blood pressure, microhemodynamics, and gene expression profiles were studied using echocardiography, telemetry, intravital microscopy, and PCR, respectively. Experimental hypertension was induced with angiotensin II or with a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor. Under basal conditions, lack of Col XV resulted in increased permeability and impaired microvascular hemodynamics, distinct early-onset and age-dependent defects in heart structure and function, a poorly organized fibrillar collagen matrix with marked interstitial deposition of nonfibrillar protein aggregates, increased tissue stiffness, and irregularly organized cardiomyocytes. In response to experimental hypertension,
Col15a1
gene expression was increased in the left ventricle of wild-type mice, and mRNA expression of natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) and ECM modeling were abnormal in
Col15a1
−/−
mice.
Conclusions:
Col XV is necessary for ECM organization in the heart, and for the structure and functions of microvessels. Col XV deficiency leads to a complex cardiac phenotype and predisposes the subject to pathological responses under cardiac stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Rasi
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Jarkko Piuhola
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Marcus Czabanka
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Raija Sormunen
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Mika Ilves
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Hanna Leskinen
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Jaana Rysä
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Paul Janmey
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Ritva Heljasvaara
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Keijo Peuhkurinen
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Olli Vuolteenaho
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Taina Pihlajaniemi
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
| | - Lauri Eklund
- From the Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (K.R., R.H., T.P., L.E.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.P., H.L., J.R., R.K., H.R.); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.P.); Biocenter Oulu and Department of Pathology (R.S.); and Department of Physiology (M.I., O.V.), University of Oulu, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery (M.C., P.V.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin
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Creemers EE, Pinto YM. Molecular mechanisms that control interstitial fibrosis in the pressure-overloaded heart. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 89:265-72. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Extracellular matrix turnover and signaling during cardiac remodeling following MI: causes and consequences. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2009; 48:558-63. [PMID: 19559709 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The concept that extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover occurs during cardiac remodeling is a well-accepted paradigm. To date, a multitude of studies document that remodeling is accompanied by increases in the synthesis and deposition of ECM components as well as increases in extracellular proteases, especially matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which break down ECM components. Further, soluble ECM fragments generated from enzymatic action serve to stimulate cell behavior and have been proposed as candidate plasma biomarkers of cardiac remodeling. This review briefly summarizes our current knowledge base on cardiac ECM turnover following myocardial infarction (MI), but more importantly extends discussion by defining avenues that remain to be explored to drive the ECM remodeling field forward. Specifically, this review will discuss cause and effect roles for the ECM changes observed following MI and the potential role of the ECM changes that may serve as trigger points to regulate remodeling. While the pattern of remodeling following MI is qualitatively similar but quantitatively different from various types of injury, the basic theme in remodeling is repeated. Therefore, while we use the MI model as the prototype injury model, the themes discussed here are also relevant to cardiac remodeling due to other types of injury.
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Lin J, Lopez EF, Jin Y, Van Remmen H, Bauch T, Han HC, Lindsey ML. Age-related cardiac muscle sarcopenia: Combining experimental and mathematical modeling to identify mechanisms. Exp Gerontol 2007; 43:296-306. [PMID: 18221848 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2007.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2007] [Revised: 11/19/2007] [Accepted: 12/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Age-related skeletal muscle sarcopenia has been extensively studied and smooth muscle sarcopenia has been recently described, but age-related cardiac sarcopenia has not been previously examined. Therefore, we evaluated adult (7.5+/-0.5 months; n = 27) and senescent (31.8+/-0.4 months; n = 26) C57BL/6J mice for cardiac sarcopenia using physiological, histological, and biochemical assessments. Mice do not develop hypertension, even into senescence, which allowed us to decouple vascular effects and monitor cardiac-dependent variables. We then developed a mathematical model to describe the relationship between age-related changes in cardiac muscle structure and function. Our results showed that, compared to adult mice, senescent mice demonstrated increased left ventricular (LV) end diastolic dimension, decreased wall thickness, and decreased ejection fraction, indicating dilation and reduced contractile performance. Myocyte numbers decreased, and interstitial fibrosis was punctated but doubled in the senescent mice, indicating reparative fibrosis. Electrocardiogram analysis showed that PR interval and QRS interval increased and R amplitude decreased in the senescent mice, indicating prolonged conduction times consistent with increased fibrosis. Intracellular lipid accumulation was accompanied by a decrease in glycogen stores in the senescent mice. Mathematical simulation indicated that changes in LV dimension, collagen deposition, wall stress, and wall stiffness precede LV dysfunction. We conclude that age-related cardiac sarcopenia occurs in mice and that LV remodeling due to increased end diastolic pressure could be an underlying mechanism for age-related LV dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Camp TM, Tyagi SC, Senior RM, Hayden MR, Tyagi SC. Gelatinase B(MMP-9) an apoptotic factor in diabetic transgenic mice. Diabetologia 2003; 46:1438-45. [PMID: 12928773 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-003-1200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2003] [Revised: 05/05/2003] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Although matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is specifically induced and apoptosis of endothelial cells is evidenced in diabetes mellitus, the mechanism of endocardial endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus is not clear. The increase in MMP-9 activity is associated with endocardial endothelial apoptosis and dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. METHODS Diabetes was created by injecting 65 mg/kg alloxan in tail vein of MMP-9 knockout (-/-) and wild-type (WT, C57BL/J6) mice. At 8 weeks mice were grouped: (i) WT+saline; (ii) WT+alloxan; (iii) MMP+saline; (iv) MMP+alloxan. The MMP-9 genotype was determined by observing single PCR product of different mobility than the PCR product from wild-type in blood from tail vein. RESULTS MMP-9 activity, measured by zymography, increased in plasma and in the left ventricle of alloxan-induced diabetic wild-type mice. The concentrations of cardiac inhibitor of metalloproteinase, that blocks MMP-9 activity, were decreased in diabetic MMP-9 knockouts as well as in wild-type mice. Diabetes induced apoptosis, detected by TUNEL assays, in wild-type but not in MMP-9 knockouts. Endocardial endothelial function was severely impaired in diabetic wild-type mice compared with normoglycaemic animals, while non-diabetic MMP-9 knockout mice showed partial endocardial endothelial dysfunction which was not further exacerbated by the developments of diabetes. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION The results suggest an association between increased MMP-9 activity and endocardial endothelial apoptosis in diabetic mice, while genetic ablation of MMP-9 correlated with amelioration of endocardial endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Camp
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, 500 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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Sood HS, Hunt MJ, Tyagi SC. Peroxisome proliferator ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in a murine model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2003; 284:L333-41. [PMID: 12533311 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00183.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that endothelial dysfunction in hyperhomocysteinemia was due to increased levels of nitrotyrosine and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in response to antagonism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha), cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) -/+ mice were bred, tail tissue was analyzed for genotype by PCR, and tail vein blood was analyzed for homocysteine (Hcy) by spectrofluorometry. To induce PPAR-alpha, mice were administered 8 microg/ml of ciprofibrate (CF) and grouped: 1) wild type (WT), 2) WT + CF, 3) CBS, 4) CBS + CF (n = 6 in each group). In these four groups of mice, plasma Hcy was 3.0 +/- 0.2, 2.5 +/- 1.2, 15.2 +/- 2.6 (P < 0.05 compared with WT), 11.0 +/- 2.9 micromol/l. Mouse urinary protein was 110 +/- 11, 86 +/- 6, 179 +/- 13, 127 +/- 9 microg.day(-1). kg(-1) by Bio-Rad dye binding assay. Aortic nitrotyrosine was 0.099 +/- 0.012, 0.024 +/- 0.004, 0.132 +/- 0.024 (P < 0.01 compared with WT), 0.05 +/- 0.01 (scan unit) by Western analysis. MMP-2 activity was 0.053 +/- 0.010, 0.024 +/- 0.002, 0.039 +/- 0.009, 0.017 +/- 0.006 (scan unit) by zymography. MMP-9 was specifically induced in CBS -/+ mice and inhibited by CF treatment. Systolic blood pressure (SPB) was 90 +/- 2, 88 +/- 16, 104 +/- 8 (P < 0.05 compared with WT), 96 +/- 3 mmHg. Aortic wall stress [(SPB. radius(2)/wall thickness)/2(radius + wall thickness)] was 10.2 +/- 1.9, 9.7 +/- 0.2, 16.6 +/- 0.8 (P < 0.05 compared with WT), 13.1 +/- 2.1 dyn/cm(2). The results suggest that Hcy increased aortic wall stress by increasing nitrotyrosine and MMP-9 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet S Sood
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 No. State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA
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