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Song HJ, Kim YH, Choi HN, Kim T, Kim SJ, Kang MW, Lee SD. TonEBP/NFAT5 expression is associated with cisplatin resistance and migration in macrophage-induced A549 cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:6. [PMID: 38438872 PMCID: PMC10913585 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-024-00502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance in several cancers. Similarly, TonEBP/NFAT5 induces metastasis in renal carcinoma and colon cancer cells. However, the role of this transcription factor and that of macrophages in lung cancer cells remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of macrophages and TonEBP/NFAT5 expression on cisplatin resistance and migration in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. RESULTS A549 cells were cultured alone or indirectly co-cultured with THP-1-derived macrophages using a transwell culture chamber. Cisplatin-induced cell death was markedly decreased and migration increased in co-cultured A549 cells. Macrophage-conditioned media (CM) showed a similar effect on drug resistance and migration. Cisplatin-induced apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, and cleaved apoptotic proteins PARP and caspase-3 were markedly reduced in macrophage CM-induced A549 cells. Here, ERK, p38, JNK, and NF-κB activities were increased by macrophage CM. Furthermore, the proteins involved in cisplatin resistance and cancer cell migration were identified using specific inhibitors of each protein. ERK and NF-κB inhibition considerably reduced cisplatin resistance. The increase in macrophage CM-induced migration was partially reduced by treatment with ERK, JNK, and NF-κB inhibitors. TonEBP/NFAT5 expression was increased by macrophages, resulting in increased cisplatin resistance, cell migration, and invasion. Moreover, RNAi-mediated knockdown of TonEBP/NFAT5 reduced cisplatin resistance, migration, and invasion in macrophage CM-induced A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that paracrine factors secreted from macrophages can change A549 cells, resulting in the induction of drug resistance against cisplatin and migration. In addition, the TonEBP/NFAT5 ratio, increased by macrophages, is an important regulator of the malignant transformation of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Ju Song
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Na Choi
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woong Kang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Do Lee
- Department of Physiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Yao N, Li Y, Han J, Wu S, Liu X, Wang Q, Li Z, Shi FD. Microglia-derived CCL20 deteriorates neurogenesis following intraventricular hemorrhage. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114561. [PMID: 37802382 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) commonly occurs as an extension of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) into the brain ventricular system, leading to worse outcomes without effective management. Using a mouse model of IVH, we found that impaired neurogenesis is evident in the subventricular zone (SVZ), along with persistent microglia activation, leukocyte infiltration and cell death. Pharmacological depletion of microglia using PLX3397, an inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), promotes neurogenesis, and alleviated delayed functional impairments in IVH mice. Meanwhile, an elevated level of microglia-derived CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) is observed in the SVZ following IVH, which can induce the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors in microglia and impair the proliferation and survival of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro. Blocking CCL20 in microglia leads to downregulation of protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which may contribute to CCL20-dependent pro-inflammatory responses and neural injury. These findings demonstrate a detrimental role of microglia in the neurogenesis and neurorepair after IVH in which CCL20 likely plays a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinrui Han
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Siting Wu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fu-Dong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Nurzat Y, Dai D, Hu J, Zhang F, Lin Z, Huang Y, Gang L, Ji H, Zhang X. Prognostic biomarker CCR6 and its correlation with immune infiltration in cutaneous melanoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1162406. [PMID: 37182147 PMCID: PMC10166847 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1162406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an aggressive type of skin cancer. Even after standard treatment, the recurrence and malignant progression of CM were almost inevitable. The overall survival (OS) of patients with CM varied widely, making it critical for prognostic prediction. Based on the correlation between CCR6 and melanoma incidence, we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of CCR6 and its relationship with immune infiltration in CM. Methods We obtained RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to analyze the CM expression. Functional enrichment analyses, immune infiltration analyses, immune checkpoint analyses, and clinicopathology analyses were performed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors. A nomogram model had been developed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used to estimate the relationship between OS and CCR6 expression. Results CCR6 was significantly upregulated in CM. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that CCR6 was correlated with immune response. Most immune cells and immune checkpoints were positively correlated with CCR6 expression. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that high CCR6 expression was associated with a good outcome in CM and its subtypes. Cox regression showed that CCR6 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with CM (HR = 0.550, 95% CI = 0.332-0.912, p<0.05). Conclusions CCR6 is considered to be a new prognostic biomarker for patients with CM, and our study provides a potential therapeutic target for CM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeltai Nurzat
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Damao Dai
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Julong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaihuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Operating Room, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Gang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Ji
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Jia SN, Han YB, Yang R, Yang ZC. Chemokines in colon cancer progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:400-407. [PMID: 35183412 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is a major human cancer accounting for about a tenth of all cancer cases thus making it among the top three cancers in terms of incidence as well as mortality. Metastasis to distant organs, particularly to liver, is the primary reason for associated mortality. Chemokines, the chemo-attractants for various immune cells, have increasingly been reported to be involved in cancer initiation and progression, including in colon cancer. Here we discuss the available knowledge on the role of several chemokines, such as, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8 in colon cancer progression. CCL20 is one chemokine with emerging evidence for its role in influencing colon cancer tumor microenvironment through the documents effects on fibroblasts, macrophages and immune cells. We focus on CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 as promising factors that affect multiple levels of colon cancer progression. They interact with several cytokines and TLR receptors leading to increased aggressiveness, as supported by multitude of evidence from in vitro, in vivo studies as well as human patient samples. CCL20-CCR6 bring about their biological effects through regulation of several signaling pathways, including, ERK and NF-κB pathways, in addition to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Signaling involving CCL20-CCR6 has profound effect on colon cancer hepatic metastasis. Combined with elevated CCL20 levels in colon tumors and metastatic patients, the above information points to a need for further evaluation of chemokines as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nan Jia
- Department of HepatoPancreatoBiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ying-Bo Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ze-Cheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
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Esteves P, Allard B, Celle A, Dupin I, Maurat E, Ousova O, Thumerel M, Dupuy JW, Leste-Lasserre T, Marthan R, Girodet PO, Trian T, Berger P. Asthmatic bronchial smooth muscle increases rhinovirus replication within the bronchial epithelium. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110571. [PMID: 35354045 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinovirus (RV) infection of the bronchial epithelium is implicated in the vast majority of severe asthma exacerbations. Interestingly, the susceptibility of bronchial epithelium to RV infection is increased in persons with asthma. Bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) remodeling is an important feature of severe asthma pathophysiology, and its reduction using bronchial thermoplasty has been associated with a significant decrease in the exacerbation rate. We hypothesized that asthmatic BSM can play a role in RV infection of the bronchial epithelium. Using an original co-culture model between bronchial epithelium and BSM cells, we show that asthmatic BSM cells increase RV replication in bronchial epithelium following RV infection. These findings are related to the increased production of CCL20 by asthmatic BSM cells. Moreover, we demonstrate an original downregulation of the activity of the epithelial protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR) antiviral pathway. Finally, we identify a direct bottom-up effect of asthmatic BSM cells on bronchial epithelium susceptibility to RV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Esteves
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Benoit Allard
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexis Celle
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Dupin
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elise Maurat
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Olga Ousova
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Matthieu Thumerel
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de pharmacologie, CIC 1401, Service de chirurgie thoracique, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Thierry Leste-Lasserre
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Roger Marthan
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de pharmacologie, CIC 1401, Service de chirurgie thoracique, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Girodet
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de pharmacologie, CIC 1401, Service de chirurgie thoracique, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Thomas Trian
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Patrick Berger
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Département de Pharmacologie, CIC 1401, 33000 Bordeaux, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux U1045, Plateforme Transcriptome Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Functionnal Genomics Center (CGFB) Proteomics Facility, CIC 1401, PTIB - Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 PESSAC, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, Service de pharmacologie, CIC 1401, Service de chirurgie thoracique, 33604 Pessac, France
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Ranasinghe R, Mathai M, Zulli A. A synopsis of modern - day colorectal cancer: Where we stand. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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CCL20 induces colorectal cancer neoplastic epithelial cell proliferation, migration, and further CCL20 production through autocrine HGF-c-Met and MSP-MSPR signaling pathways. Oncotarget 2021; 12:2323-2337. [PMID: 34853656 PMCID: PMC8629403 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CCL20-CCR6 interactions promote colorectal cancer through direct effects on neoplastic epithelial cells and through modulating the tumor microenvironment. The mechanism of these effects on neoplastic epithelial cells is poorly understood. This study demonstrates that CCL20 induces secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and phosphorylation of HGF’s cognate receptor c-Met in HT29 and HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines both in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Similar to CCL20, HGF induces migration, autofeedback CCL20 secretion, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the colon cancer cells. CCL20-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation is blocked by HGF inhibition, and CCL20-dependent migration and CCL20 secretion are blocked by inhibition of HGF or ERK. Interestingly, unlike CCL20, HGF does not induce proliferation of colon cancer cells, and CCL20-dependent cell proliferation is not blocked by direct HGF inhibition. CCL20-dependent proliferation, however, is blocked by the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib. Exploring this effect, it was found that CCL20 also induces production of MSP and phosphorylation of MSP’s receptor MSPR by the colorectal cancer cells. CCL20-dependent cell proliferation is inhibited by directly blocking MSP-MSPR interactions. Thus, CCL20-mediated migration and CCL20 secretion are regulated through a pathway involving HGF, c-Met, and ERK, while CCL20-mediated proliferation is instead regulated through MSP and its receptor MSPR.
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Meng J, Cao L, Song H, Chen L, Qu Z. Integrated analysis of gene expression and DNA methylation datasets identified key genes and a 6-gene prognostic signature for primary lung adenocarcinoma. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20200465. [PMID: 34787244 PMCID: PMC8596225 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the main subtype of non-small cell lung cancer with a poor survival prognosis. In our study, gene expression, DNA methylation, and clinicopathological data of primary LUAD were utilized to identify potential prognostic markers for LUAD, which were recruited from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate regression analysis showed that there were 21 methylation-associated DEGs related to overall survival (OS), including 9 down- and 12 up-regulated genes. The 12 up-regulated genes with hypomethylation may be risky genes, whereas the other 9 down-regulated genes with hypermethylation might be protective genes. By using the Step-wise multivariate Cox analysis, a methylation-associated 6-gene (consisting of CCL20, F2, GNPNAT1, NT5E, B3GALT2, and VSIG2) prognostic signature was constructed and the risk score based on this gene signature classified patients into high- or low-risk groups. Patients of the high-risk group had shorter OS than those of the low-risk group in both the training and validation cohort. Multivariate Cox analysis and the stratified analysis revealed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients. The methylation-associated gene signature may serve as a prognostic factor for LUAD patients and the represent hypermethylated or hypomethylated genes might be potential targets for LUAD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Stomatology, Hohhot, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, Hohhot, China
| | - Huifang Song
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hohhot, China
| | - Lichun Chen
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Stomatology, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhiguo Qu
- Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Department of Stomatology, Hohhot, China
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He J, Zhang W, Li F, Yu Y. Development of metastasis-associated seven gene signature for predicting lung adenocarcinoma prognosis using single-cell RNA sequencing data. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:5959-5977. [PMID: 34517518 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)-related death. This study evaluated the metastasis-associated genes (MAGs) in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from LUAD tissues and developed a MAG signature to predict overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients. The LUAD scRNA-seq data was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Database and MAGs were identified from LUAD scRNA-seq data. The LUAD transcriptomic and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Cox and LASSO regression analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed MAGs (DEMAGs) with prognostic value that were then used to construct a MAG signature and MAG-nomogram model. Finally, a functional enrichment analysis was performed via Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). 414 MAGs and 22 prognostic DEMAGs were revealed in the study. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was utilized to construct a 7-MAG signature for predicting the OS of LUAD patients. Patients with high risk scores had a significantly worse OS than those with low risk scores in the training group (n = 236), and the 7-MAG signature was successfully confirmed in the testing group (n = 232) and the entire TCGA-LUAD cohort (n = 468). Furthermore, univariate and multivariate Cox regression suggested that the 7-MAG signature was an independent prognostic indicator. Additionally, based on the 7-MAG signature, a nomogram was established that could more intuitively help to predict the OS of LUAD patients. The GSEA revealed the underlying molecular mechanisms of the 7-MAG signature in LUAD metastasis. In conclusion, a 7-MAG signature was developed based on LUAD scRNA-seq data that could effectively predict LUAD patient prognosis and provide novel insights for therapeutic targets and the potential molecular mechanism of metastatic LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Hematology Oncology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Faxiang Li
- Department of Hematology Oncology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
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Stock C. Circulating Tumor Cells: Does Ion Transport Contribute to Intravascular Survival, Adhesion, Extravasation, and Metastatic Organotropism? Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 182:139-175. [DOI: 10.1007/112_2021_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Wang N, Wang S, Wang X, Zheng Y, Yang B, Zhang J, Pan B, Gao J, Wang Z. Research trends in pharmacological modulation of tumor-associated macrophages. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e288. [PMID: 33463063 PMCID: PMC7805405 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most abundant immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play important roles in multiple solid malignancies, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. TAMs could contribute to carcinogenesis, neoangiogenesis, immune-suppressive TME remodeling, cancer chemoresistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, reprogramming of the immune-suppressive TAMs by pharmacological approaches has attracted considerable research attention in recent years. In this review, the promising pharmaceutical targets, as well as the existing modulatory strategies of TAMs were summarized. The chemokine-chemokine receptor signaling, tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, metabolic signaling, and exosomal signaling have been highlighted in determining the biological functions of TAMs. Besides, both preclinical research and clinical trials have suggested the chemokine-chemokine receptor blockers, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, bisphosphonates, as well as the exosomal or nanoparticle-based targeting delivery systems as the promising pharmacological approaches for TAMs deletion or reprogramming. Lastly, the combined therapies of TAMs-targeting strategies with traditional treatments or immunotherapies as well as the exosome-like nanovesicles for cancer therapy are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Shengqi Wang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xuan Wang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yifeng Zheng
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Bowen Yang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Juping Zhang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Bo Pan
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jianli Gao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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12
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Liu W, Wang W, Zhang N, Di W. The Role of CCL20-CCR6 Axis in Ovarian Cancer Metastasis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12739-12750. [PMID: 33335408 PMCID: PMC7738160 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s280309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemokine networks play a key and complex role in tumor progression. CCL20 and its unique receptor CCR6 have been reported to mediate malignant biological activities in various cancers, but their role in ovarian cancer metastasis remains unclear. Purpose Our study aims to explore the effect of CCL20-CCR6 axis on ovarian cancer metastasis and its potential mechanism. Methods The transwell assay was used to detect the cell migration and invasion after CCL20 treatment. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell viability after CCL20 treatment and CCR6 depletion. The mRNA and protein expression were assayed through qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The siRNAs and CRISPR-Cas9 system were adopted to suppress CCR6 expression. Intraperitoneal xenograft mouse model was constructed to test the pro-metastasis effect of CCL20-CCR6 axis in vivo. The differentially expressed genes induced by CCL20 were identified through RNA-sequencing, and immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect their protein expression in tumor tissues. Results Our results revealed that CCL20 treatment selectively promoted the migration and invasion of CCR6high ovarian cancer cells, but had no effect on CCR6low cells. Blockade of CCR6 expression effectively reversed the cell migration and invasion induced by CCL20 stimulation. Animal experiment proved that CCL20-CCR6 axis mediated ovarian cancer metastasis in vivo. The differentially expressed genes after CCL20 stimulation were associated with metastasis, and CCL20 induced an increased expression of CDH2 and VCAN and decreased CDH1 expression in cancer cells. Moreover, CCL20 stimulated the expression of N-cadherin and versican in tumor tissues and inhibited the expression of E-cadherin, while CCR6 knockout successfully blocked the expression changes. Conclusion Our findings revealed that CCL20-CCR6 axis promotes ovarian cancer metastasis both in vivo and in vitro, probably through increasing cancer cell adhesion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Blockade of CCL20-CCR6 axis might become a novel anti-tumor therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
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13
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Korbecki J, Grochans S, Gutowska I, Barczak K, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. CC Chemokines in a Tumor: A Review of Pro-Cancer and Anti-Cancer Properties of Receptors CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, and CCR10 Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207619. [PMID: 33076281 PMCID: PMC7590012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CC chemokines (or β-chemokines) are 28 chemotactic cytokines with an N-terminal CC domain that play an important role in immune system cells, such as CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, macrophages, monocytes, and NK cells, as well in neoplasia. In this review, we discuss human CC motif chemokine ligands: CCL1, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL18, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL25, CCL27, and CCL28 (CC motif chemokine receptor CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, and CCR10 ligands). We present their functioning in human physiology and in neoplasia, including their role in the proliferation, apoptosis resistance, drug resistance, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. We discuss the significance of chemokine receptors in organ-specific metastasis, as well as the influence of each chemokine on the recruitment of various cells to the tumor niche, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), Kupffer cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), osteoclasts, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and regulatory T cells (Treg). Finally, we show how the effect of the chemokines on vascular endothelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells leads to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Szymon Grochans
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914661515
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14
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Li Y, Liu J, Xiao Q, Tian R, Zhou Z, Gan Y, Li Y, Shu G, Yin G. EN2 as an oncogene promotes tumor progression via regulating CCL20 in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:604. [PMID: 32732864 PMCID: PMC7393501 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Engrailed-2 (EN2), a member of the engrailed homeobox family, has been shown to be abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers. However, the expression and the clinical significance of EN2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) are largely unknown. Firstly, we found that EN2 acted as an oncogene in CRC. EN2 was upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Higher EN2 expression was significantly associated with poorer survival rate. Knockdown of EN2 markedly inhibited proliferation and migration capacities of SW480 cells in vitro, and suppressed tumorigenicity in vivo. Mechanistically, Chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20), a member of the C-C motif chemokine subfamily, was identified as a direct target gene of EN2 in CRC. CCL20 expression was positively correlated with EN2 expression in CRC tissues. Moreover, EN2 promoted the proliferation and migration of CRC cells by regulating the expression of CCL20 in vitro. These results suggest that EN2 plays a critical role in the CRC tumor progression and may serve as a potential target for CRC prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruotong Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yaqi Gan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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15
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Najdaghi S, Razi S, Rezaei N. An overview of the role of interleukin-8 in colorectal cancer. Cytokine 2020; 135:155205. [PMID: 32721849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC), a common malignancy, is developing globally among people. Mutagenic insults activate peripheral nucleated cells to secrete chemokines in order to cause an inflammatory state. Despite the presence of multi-retrieving factors, elevated production of minor cytokines may speed-up the sever stages of the baseline inflammation targeting normal compensatory mechanism. IL-8 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is believed to be up-regulated in CRC to proceed primary condition into tumor behavior via induction of proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Here, we assess the role of IL-8 in every step of CRC from signaling pathway and formation to invasion and discuss around new perspective therapy that targets IL-8 to manage CRC worldwide incidence and survival rate, more precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Najdaghi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sheffield, UK.
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16
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Heo YJ, Choi SE, Lee N, Jeon JY, Han SJ, Kim DJ, Kang Y, Lee KW, Kim HJ. CCL20 induced by visfatin in macrophages via the NF-κB and MKK3/6-p38 signaling pathways contributes to hepatic stellate cell activation. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4285-4293. [PMID: 32418112 PMCID: PMC7295719 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines interact with hepatic resident cells during inflammation and fibrosis. CC chemokine ligand (CCL) 20 has been reported to be important in inflammation and fibrosis in the liver. We hypothesized that visfatin, an adipocytokine, could play a role in hepatic fibrosis via CCL20. We investigated the effect of visfatin on CCL20 in THP-1 human promonocytic cells and examined the molecular mechanisms involved. Following treatment of THP-1 cells with visfatin, CCL20 expression and secretion were assessed. We assessed the intracellular signaling molecules IKK/NF-κB, JAK2/STAT3, MAPKs, and MKK3/6 by western blotting. We treated THP-1 cells with visfatin and signaling inhibitors, and examined CCL20 mRNA and protein levels. To investigate the effect of visfatin-induced CCL20 expression in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), LX-2 cells were co-cultured with the culture supernatant of THP-1 cells with or without anti-CCL20 neutralizing antibodies, and fibrosis markers were examined by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. In THP-1 cells, visfatin increased the CCL20 mRNA and protein levels. visfatin increased the activities of the NF-κB, p38, and MLK3/6 signaling pathways but not those of the JAK2/STAT3 and ERK pathways. Visfatin treatment together with an NF-κB, p38, or MLK3 inhibitor reduced the mRNA and protein levels of CCL20. The visfatin-induced CCL20 increased the expression of fibrosis markers and CCR6 in HSCs. Following neutralization of CCL20, the levels of fibrosis markers and CCR6 were decreased. Visfatin increases the expression of CCL20 via the NF-κB and MKK3/6-p38 signaling pathways in macrophages, and visfatin-induced CCL20 expression promotes the fibrosis markers in HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jung Heo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-E Choi
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nami Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Jeon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yup Kang
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Woo Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Deng W, McKelvey KJ, Guller A, Fayzullin A, Campbell JM, Clement S, Habibalahi A, Wargocka Z, Liang L, Shen C, Howell VM, Engel AF, Goldys EM. Application of Mitochondrially Targeted Nanoconstructs to Neoadjuvant X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy for Rectal Cancer. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:715-726. [PMID: 32490188 PMCID: PMC7256935 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we brought together two existing clinical techniques used in cancer treatment-X-ray radiation and photodynamic therapy (PDT), whose combination termed X-PDT uniquely allows PDT to be therapeutically effective in deep tissue. To this end, we developed mitochondrially targeted biodegradable polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanocarriers incorporating a photosensitizer verteporfin, ultrasmall (2-5 nm) gold nanoparticles as radiation enhancers, and triphenylphosphonium acting as the mitochondrial targeting moiety. The average size of the nanocarriers was about 160 nm. Upon X-ray radiation our nanocarriers generated cytotoxic amounts of singlet oxygen within the mitochondria, triggering the loss of membrane potential and mitochondria-related apoptosis of cancer cells. Our X-PDT strategy effectively controlled tumor growth with only a fraction of radiotherapy dose (4 Gy) and improved the survival rate of a mouse model bearing colorectal cancer cells. In vivo data indicate that our X-PDT treatment is cytoreductive, antiproliferative, and profibrotic. The nanocarriers induce radiosensitization effectively, which makes it possible to amplify the effects of radiation. A radiation dose of 4 Gy combined with our nanocarriers allows equivalent control of tumor growth as 12 Gy of radiation, but with greatly reduced radiation side effects (significant weight loss and resultant death).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- E-mail:
| | - Kelly J. McKelvey
- Bill
Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, The Northern Clinical
School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District
Research (Kolling Institute), St
Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
| | - Anna Guller
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Institute
for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
(Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey Fayzullin
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Institute
for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
(Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Jared M. Campbell
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Sandhya Clement
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Abbas Habibalahi
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zofia Wargocka
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Liuen Liang
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Chao Shen
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Viive Maarika Howell
- Bill
Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, The Northern Clinical
School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District
Research (Kolling Institute), St
Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
| | - Alexander Frank Engel
- Sydney Medical
School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Department
of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore
Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
| | - Ewa M. Goldys
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of
Biomedical Engineering, University of New
South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- E-mail:
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18
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Augustino SMA, Xu Q, Liu X, Liu L, Zhang Q, Yu Y. Transcriptomic Study of Porcine Small Intestine Epithelial Cells Reveals Important Genes and Pathways Associated With Susceptibility to Escherichia coli F4ac Diarrhea. Front Genet 2020; 11:68. [PMID: 32174961 PMCID: PMC7056726 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea represents one of the most frequent major problems during piglets' neonatal and post-weaning periods leading to tremendous economic losses in the swine industry. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4 is regarded as the most important cause of diarrhea in piglets. However, some pigs are naturally resistant to those diarrheas caused by ETEC-F4, because they have no F4 receptors (F4R) on their small intestine epithelial cells that allow F4 fimbriae attachment. Thus, our study characterized a complete transcriptome of small intestine epithelial cells of Large White piglets using RNA-Seq. The aim of the study was to identify DEGs with regard to differences in the F4R phenotypes and SNP (C/T) genotypes at ITGB5 and important pathways associated with ETEC-F4ac susceptibility in small intestine epithelial cells of Large White piglets and derive molecular markers as a result of loss of F4acR in swine. METHODS A total of eight samples of small intestine epithelial cells obtained from Large White piglets (35 days old) used in this study were selected on the basis of two criteria. One was the adhesion phenotype to ETEC-F4ac fimbriae, and the other was the comparison of ITGB5 SNP (C > T) genotype sequences across all the samples. The samples were then divided into two groups, non-adhesive with CC genotype (n = 4), and adhesive with TT genotype (n = 4). RESULTS More down-regulated DEGs (p < 0.05, |log2FC| > 2) were detected in the comparison of non-adhesive vs. adhesive small intestine epithelial cells in the present study. Six genes, of which two (CNGA4, SLC25A31) exclusively expressed and four (HCN4, MYLK, KCNMA1, and KCNMB1) DEGs with up-regulation pattern in adhesive (F4R positive) pigs were involved in two pathways associated with diarrhea. The DEGs with up-regulation pattern in non-adhesive (F4R negative) pigs were mostly engaged in multiple immune response-related pathways. CONCLUSION The results provide insights on the biology of the phenotypes of F4R positive and negative pigs. One gene (MYLK) located on SSC13 locus for F4acR strongly support that it might have played a role in the adhesion phenotype which was obviously detected by adhesion assay in adhesive (F4R positive) group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serafino M. A. Augustino
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinglei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Research Centre for Animal Genomic, Agricultural Genomic Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Do HTT, Lee CH, Cho J. Chemokines and their Receptors: Multifaceted Roles in Cancer Progression and Potential Value as Cancer Prognostic Markers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020287. [PMID: 31991604 PMCID: PMC7072521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that mediate immune cell chemotaxis and lymphoid tissue development. Recent advances have indicated that chemokines and their cognate receptors play critical roles in cancer-related inflammation and cancer progression. On the basis of these findings, the chemokine system has become a new potential drug target for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the essential roles of the complex network of chemokines and their receptors in cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss the potential value of the chemokine system as a cancer prognostic marker. The chemokine system regulates the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment, which induces both pro- and anti-immunity and promotes or suppresses tumor growth and proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Increasing evidence indicates the promising prognostic value of the chemokine system in cancer patients. While CCL2, CXCL10, and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 can serve as favorable or unfavorable prognostic factors depending on the cancer types, CCL14 and XCL1 possess good prognostic value. Other chemokines such as CXCL1, CXCL8, and CXCL12 are poor prognostic markers. Despite vast advances in our understanding of the complex nature of the chemokine system in tumor biology, knowledge about the multifaceted roles of the chemokine system in different types of cancers is still limited. Further studies are necessary to decipher distinct roles within the chemokine system in terms of cancer progression and to validate their potential value in cancer prognosis.
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Martin-Garcia D, Silva-Vilches C, Will R, Enk AH, Lonsdorf AS. Tumor-derived CCL20 affects B16 melanoma growth in mice. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 97:57-65. [PMID: 31883833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokine ligand-20 (CCL20) expressed in the epidermis is a potent impetus for the recruitment of CC-chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6)-expressing subsets of DCs, B-cells and memory T-cells into the skin. CCL20 and CCR6+ immune cells have been detected in chronic inflammatory skin diseases and several malignancies, including melanoma. Yet, the functional contribution of the CCR6/CCL20 axis for melanoma progression remains controversial. OBJECTIVE The functional contribution of CCR6-expressing immune cell subsets and local CCL20 in the tumor microenvironment for the immune control of melanoma was studied. METHODS Homeostatic and inducible CCL20 secretion of murine (B16, Ret) and human (A375, C32) melanoma cells was analyzed by ELISA. To assess the functional relevance of CCR6/CCL20 interactions on local tumor progression, prestimulated or retrovirally transduced B16/F1 melanoma cells overexpressing CCL20 (B16-CCL20) were injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6 Wt mice and congenic CCR6-deficient (CCR6-/-) mice. Infiltrating leucocytes were examined by flow cytometry in tumors and draining lymph nodes (DLNs). RESULTS Melanoma cell lines up-regulate CCL20 secretion upon stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. While only moderate changes in phenotype and composition of leucocytes were detected in advanced tumors and DLNs, mice injected with CCR6+ B16-CCL20 cells developed smaller tumors compared to B16-Control injected littermates, with CCR6-/- mice displaying the most pronounced reduction in tumor growth and incidence. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that CCR6/CCL20 interactions and individual independent effects of CCL20 and CCR6 in the microenvironment may be essential for melanoma progression and suggest a decisive role of this chemokine axis for melanoma pathogenesis beyond chemoattraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Martin-Garcia
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cinthia Silva-Vilches
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Will
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander H Enk
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anke S Lonsdorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Geismann C, Schäfer H, Gundlach JP, Hauser C, Egberts JH, Schneider G, Arlt A. NF-κB Dependent Chemokine Signaling in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101445. [PMID: 31561620 PMCID: PMC6826905 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the carcinomas with the worst prognoses, as shown by its five-year survival rate of 9%. Although there have been new therapeutic innovations, the effectiveness of these therapies is still limited, resulting in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) becoming the second leading cause of cancer-related death in 2020 in the US. In addition to tumor cell intrinsic resistance mechanisms, this disease exhibits a complex stroma consisting of fibroblasts, immune cells, neuronal and vascular cells, along with extracellular matrix, all conferring therapeutic resistance by several mechanisms. The NF-κB pathway is involved in both the tumor cell-intrinsic and microenvironment-mediated therapeutic resistance by regulating the transcription of a plethora of target genes. These genes are involved in nearly all scenarios described as the hallmarks of cancer. In addition to classical regulators of apoptosis, NF-κB regulates the expression of chemokines and their receptors, both in the tumor cells and in cells of the microenvironment. These chemokines mediate autocrine and paracrine loops among tumor cells but also cross-signaling between tumor cells and the stroma. In this review, we will focus on NF-κB-mediated chemokine signaling, with an emphasis on therapy resistance in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Geismann
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, UKSH-Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Heiner Schäfer
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, UKSH-Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, UKSH Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | | | | | | | - Günter Schneider
- Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, II. Medizinische Klinik, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Alexander Arlt
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, UKSH-Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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22
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Wei W, Zhao X, Zhu J, Zhang L, Chen Y, Zhang B, Li Y, Wang M, Zhang Z, Wang C. lncRNA‑u50535 promotes the progression of lung cancer by activating CCL20/ERK signaling. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:1946-1956. [PMID: 31545478 PMCID: PMC6775802 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligand/receptor pair C‑C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20)/C‑C motif chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is considered to be highly activated in lung cancer and significantly accelerates lung cancer progression through activation of ERK signaling. In addition, it has been shown that long non‑coding RNA‑u50535 (lncRNA‑u50535) upregulates CCL20 expression and facilitates cancer progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the effects of lncRNA‑u50535 in lung cancer progression and whether lncRNA‑u50535 regulates CCL20/CCR6/ERK signaling in lung cancer remain ill‑defined. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of lncRNA‑u50535 on CCL20/CCR6/ERK signaling in lung cancer progression. The results demonstrated that lncRNA‑u50535 expression was upregulated in lung cancer tissues and cell lines compared with normal tissues and cells. Knockdown of lncRNA‑u50535 decreased lung cancer cell proliferation and migration, induced G0/G1 phase arrest and promoted cell apoptosis. Western blot and luciferase reporter gene assays demonstrated that lncRNA‑u50535 overexpression increased the translation and transcription of CCL20. In addition, knockdown of lncRNA‑u50535 decreased CCL20, CCR6 and p‑ERK levels. The effects of lncRNA‑u50535 on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were weakened when CCL20 was silenced. Overall, the present study demonstrated that lncRNA‑u50535 may function as an oncogene in lung cancer progression by regulating CCL20/ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhao
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Jianquan Zhu
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Lianmin Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfa Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Changli Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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Guo W, Li H, Liu H, Ma X, Yang S, Wang Z. DEPDC1 drives hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis by regulating the CCL20/CCR6 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:1075-1089. [PMID: 31322256 PMCID: PMC6667871 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DEP domain containing 1 (DEPDC1) functions as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism of DEPDC1 remains largely unknown. The present study revealed that DEPDC1 knockdown inhibited HCC cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion in vitro and suppressed the growth of HCC xenografts in vivo. Furthermore, DEPDC1 overexpression promoted HCC cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. DNA microarray, reverse transcription-quantitative-PCR and western blotting results demonstrated that DEPDC1 knockdown in Huh-7 significantly inhibited the expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6 (CCR6). In addition, the expression of CCL20 and CCR6 were upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, and were positively correlated with DEPDC1 expression. CCL20 or CCR6 knockdown via small interfering RNA reversed the effects of DEPDC1 overexpression in HCC cells. Furthermore, it was revealed that conditioned medium from DEPDC1 upregulated Li-7 and Hep3B cells led to angiogenesis in vitro, whereas CCL20 knockdown in Li-7 and Hep3B cells or CCR6 knockdown in human umbilical vein endothelial cells reversed the angiogenic effect of DEPDC1 overexpression. In conclusion, DEPDC1 facilitated cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis via the CCL20/CCR6 pathway in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wubin Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Huan Liu
- Research Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Sijin Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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MiR-30a regulates cancer cell response to chemotherapy through SNAI1/IRS1/AKT pathway. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:153. [PMID: 30770779 PMCID: PMC6377638 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite gemcitabine being the leading chemotherapeutic drug for pancreatic cancer, many patients still relapse due to the drug resistance. We previously reported the molecular link between FKBP51 mediated AKT inhibition and gemcitabine response in pancreatic cancers. However, the upstream regulator of this pathway, especially the involvement of non-coding RNAs in gemcitabine response is still not clear. Here we delineated the miRNA expression profile and key signaling pathways associated with gemcitabine response. Furthermore, we confirmed that miR-30a, one node of this network, regulated cellular response to gemcitabine through SNAI1-IRS1-AKT pathway. MiR-30a directly targeted SNAI1, which activates AKT and ERK through regulating IRS1 in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, miR-30a is downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissue and associated with overall patient survival. We also identified miR-30a as an AKT-FOXO3a-regulated gene that forms a feedback loop. Together, these results demonstrate that miR-30a is an upstream regulator of the Akt pathway with a critical role in cancer etiology and chemoresistance.
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25
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Kinetics of the accumulation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in IL-33-induced and IL-25-induced murine models of asthma: a potential role for the chemokine CXCL16. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 16:75-86. [PMID: 30467418 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ILC2s are implicated in asthma pathogenesis, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying their accumulation in airways. We investigated the time course of ILC2 accumulation in different tissues in murine models of asthma induced by a serial per-nasal challenge with ovalbumin (OVA), house dust mice (HDM), IL-25 and IL-33 and explored the potential roles of ILC2-attracting chemokines in this phenomenon. Flow cytometry was used to enumerate ILC2s at various time points. The effects of cytokines and chemokines on ILC2 migration were measured in vitro using a chemotaxis assay and in vivo using small animal imaging. Compared with saline and OVA challenge, both IL-25 and IL-33 challenge alone induced significant accumulation of ILC2s in the mediastinal lymph nodes, lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of challenged animals, but with a distinct potency and kinetics. In vitro, IL-33 and CXCL16, but not IL-25 or CCL25, directly induced ILC2 migration. Small animal in vivo imaging further confirmed that a single intranasal provocation with IL-33 or CXCL16 was sufficient to induce the accumulation of ILC2s in the lungs following injection via the tail vein. Moreover, IL-33-induced ILC2 migration involved the activation of ERK1/2, p38, Akt, JNK and NF-κB, while CXCL16-induced ILC2 migration involved the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and Akt. These data support the hypothesis that epithelium-derived IL-25 and IL-33 induce lung accumulation of ILC2s, while IL-33 exerts a direct chemotactic effect in this process. Although ILC2s express the chemokine receptors CXCR6 and CCR9, only CXCL16, the ligand of CXCR6, exhibits a direct chemoattractant effect.
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26
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Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) and its specific partner CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) are known to play a pivotal role in intestinal inflammation. CCR6-associated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is already at the forefront of experimental inflammatory disease models, being the subject of numerous analytical studies. IBD is associated with two sub phenotypes, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Both these disease entities produce potent immune dysregulation followed by intense tissue damage within the gut mucosal system, initiating symptoms that are severely debilitating. Multiple causative factors are said to be responsible for IBD, but direct immune dysfunction is kindled by overplay of innate and adaptive immune responses produced against the luminal contents through the weakened or leaky gut epithelial barrier. Once immune homeostasis is not achieved by endogenous protective mechanisms, the self-assertive adaptive immunity mobilizes its various T and B cell cohorts, initializing their immune mechanisms by deploying the immune cells towards the site of infection. CCR6 and its unique solitary ligand CCL20 are small protein molecules that are abundantly expressed by T and B lymphocytes and act as chemotactic immune-modulatory envoys that help in the deployment of the effector lymphocyte arm of the immune system and produce two directly opposing outcomes in IBD. This dichotomous immunity consists of either immune tolerance or inflammation which then develops into a chronic state, remaining unresponsive to inherent immunity or targeted clinical therapy. In this review, we have identified large numbers of experimental studies that have employed both mouse models and clinical subjects spanning a period of nearly two decades and we have clustered these into 13 different groups. This review will provide greater understanding of the CCR6–CCL20 axis in IBD and identify gaps in the literature that can be filled in the future.
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has evoked significant interest in human immunobiology given its tactical immune evasion methodologies resulting in acute immune destabilization. IBD comprising Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis manifests as chronic inflammation in the gut mucosa, leading to complexities involving immune dysregulation in the T helper lymphocyte arm, effecting disease pathogenicity. The mucosa of the alimentary canal is constantly exposed to a myriad of food antigens and luminal microorganisms for which a consistent host-protective mechanism is operative in healthy people. Lowered mucosal immune expression which allows penetration of the epithelial barrier by infective pathogenic microbes elicits both innate and adaptive immune responses in the gut, culminating in aberrant intestinal inflammation. Interestingly, the IBD leukocyte repertoire is significantly entwined with chemokine-assisted chemotactic navigation into the sites of inflammation, which is also thought to generate favorable immune-suppressive responses. The functions of the cognate chemokine receptor, CCR6, which binds with its unique ligand CCL20, are expected to tilt the balance between upregulation of homeostatic tolerance and inflammatory pathophysiology. This review aims to critically examine the CCR6-driven immune pathways: TH1/TH2, TH1/TH17, TH17/Treg, IL-23/IL-17, Akt/ERK-1/2, ILC3, and TH9/TH2 for systematic investigation of its underlying mechanisms in the future and to underpin its importance in resolving IBD pathology. Thus, CCR6 occupies an exclusive position in gut immunology which renders it an invaluable therapeutic tool for the production of novel medicaments to treat IBD.
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28
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Huang Y, Peng Q, Li HY, Jia ZD, Li Y, Gao Y. Novel sericin-based hepatocyte serum-free medium and sericin’s effect on hepatocyte transcriptome. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3398-3413. [PMID: 30122879 PMCID: PMC6092578 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i30.3398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a novel hepatocyte serum-free medium based on sericin, and to explore the effect of sericin on the hepatocyte transcriptome.
METHODS A controlled trial comparing novel serum-free medium and other media: C3A cells were cultured in our novel serum-free medium, HepatoZYME, complete medium (DMEM/F12 with 100 mL/L FBS), and DMEM/F12, and then cell attachment, proliferation, and function as well as the biocompatibility of the media were assessed. A comparative study of serum-free media with or without 2 mg/mL sericin: the effect of sericin on C3A growth was assessed by cell viability and proliferation, the effect of sericin on C3A cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry, and the effect of sericin on the C3A transcriptome was assessed by gene-chip array and RT-qPCR.
RESULTS More C3A cells attached to the plate containing our serum-free medium than to those containing HepatoZYME and DMEM/F12 at 24 h post-seeding. Both the viability and proliferation rate of C3A cells in sericin-based serum-free medium were superior to those of cells in HepatoZYME and DMEM/F12 (P < 0.001). The content of albumin and urea in our serum-free medium was significantly higher than that in HepatoZYME and DMEM/F12 throughout the whole culture period (P < 0.001) and was similar to that in complete medium at day 3, 4, and 5. In part 2, cell viability and proliferation were greater in the presence of 2 mg/mL sericin (P < 0.001), as was the proportion of cells in S phase (16.21% ± 0.98% vs 12.61% ± 0.90%, P < 0.01). Gene-chip array analysis indicated that the expression of CCR6, EGFR, and FOS were up-regulated by 2 mg/mL sericin, and RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of CCR6, EGFR, FOS, AKT1, JNK1, NFkB1, MMP-9, MEK2, ERK1/2 and MYC was up-regulated by 2 mg/mL sericin (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION We developed a novel hepatocyte serum-free medium. Sericin probably enhances cell attachment through the CCR6-Akt-JNK-NF-κB pathway and promotes cell proliferation through CCR6-mediated activation of the ERK1/2-MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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Yu X, Yuan Z, Yang Z, Chen D, Kim T, Cui Y, Luo Q, Liu Z, Yang Z, Fan X, Chen D, Wang L. The novel long noncoding RNA u50535 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by regulating CCL20. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:751. [PMID: 29970882 PMCID: PMC6030363 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been emerging as master regulators of tumor growth and metastasis, but the functions and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) still need to be clarified. Here, we found a novel lncRNA u50535, which was greatly overexpressed in CRC tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in CRC patients. Function studies showed that u50535 was an oncogene in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. In mechanism, through RNA sequencing and rescue assay, we found that u50535 activates CCL20 signaling to promote cell proliferation and migration in CRC. Taken together, these findings suggest that u50535 can promote CRC growth and metastasis and may serve as a potential biomarker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihu Yu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixu Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuli Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daici Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taewan Kim
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yanmei Cui
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianxin Luo
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihang Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihuan Yang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinjuan Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - DianKe Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Liu C, Su C, Chen Y, Li G. MiR-144-3p promotes the tumor growth and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma by targeting paired box gene 8. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:54. [PMID: 29632436 PMCID: PMC5885360 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paired box gene 8 (PAX8) is expressed in and indispensable to thyroid development. MiR-144-3p is found dys-regulated in cancers, and it can block the expression of target gens. This study sought to understand the effect of MiR-144-3p in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) as well as the associated mechanisms. Materials and methods Real-time PCR, immunohistochemical and Western blot assays were performed to examine the expression of target miRNA and/or genes. CCK-8 and flow cytometry analysis was used to respectively test cell growth, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to find out whether miR-144-3p could bind to the 3′ untranslated region of PAX8 or not. Results We found that PAX8 decreased in PTC, while miR-144-3p increased in PTC. Over-expression of miR-144-3p promoted the cell viability and cell cycle progression. The expressions of cell-cycle-related genes, cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and CDC25A were modulated by miR-144-3p. Meanwhile, the presence or absence of miR-144-3p both affected epithelial-mesenchymal transition of PTC by regulating the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin. Moreover, PAX8 may be a potential direct target of miR-144-3p. Mechanically, the activation of extracellular signal–regulated kinases 1/2, Akt and c-Jun N-terminal kinases may be associated with the tumor-promoting effect of miR-144-3p. In addition, the blockage of miR-144-3p forced the anti-tumor effect delivered by X-ray exposure or paclitaxel. Conclusion MiR-144-3p promoted the growth of tumor and the metastasis of PTC by targeting PAX 8. The study provided promising prognosis markers and valuable treatment strategy for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 NanJing North Road, Shenyang, 110000 China
| | - Chang Su
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Liaoning Province People Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Liaoning Province People Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Guang Li
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 NanJing North Road, Shenyang, 110000 China
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Lu MY, Lu SS, Chang SL, Liao F. The Phosphorylation of CCR6 on Distinct Ser/Thr Residues in the Carboxyl Terminus Differentially Regulates Biological Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:415. [PMID: 29552015 PMCID: PMC5840145 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CCR6 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that recognizes a single chemokine ligand, CCL20 and is primarily expressed by leukocytes. Upon ligand binding, CCR6 activates Gαi heterotrimeric G proteins to induce various potential cellular outcomes through context-specific cell signaling. It is well known that differential phosphorylation of Ser and Thr residues in the C-terminal domains or intracellular loops of GPCRs can generate barcodes that regulate GPCR function by regulating the recruitment of β-arrestins. In this study, we demonstrate that ligand binding to CCR6 induces receptor phosphorylation at Ser/Thr residues in the C-terminal tail, rather than intracellular loops. Using mutagenesis experiments, we determined that distinct clusters of Ser/Thr residues in the C-terminal domain differentially regulate CCL20-induced signaling and cellular response. Substituting the Thr360/Ser361/Thr363 cluster or the Ser370/Ser371 cluster with Ala residues modulated cellular response upon CCL20 stimulation. Notably, receptor internalization, chemotaxis, F-actin distribution, transient ERK1/2 activation, and β-arrestin 2 recruitment were oppositely affected by mutating the two clusters, suggesting that phosphorylation of CCR6 C-terminal Ser/Thr residues directs the cell signaling response upon receptor activation. Moreover, activated CCR6 weakly recruited β-arrestin 1 in comparison with β-arrestin 2, and the two arrestin proteins seemed to play overlapping but distinct roles in mediating CCL20/CCR6-induced cellular responses. Taken together, the effects of site-specific Ser/Thr phosphorylation on CCR6 demonstrate the existence of barcodes on the protein that dictate the activation of different cell signaling profiles and lead to distinct biological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yi Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syuan-Shao Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Fang Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Samaniego R, Gutiérrez-González A, Gutiérrez-Seijo A, Sánchez-Gregorio S, García-Giménez J, Mercader E, Márquez-Rodas I, Avilés JA, Relloso M, Sánchez-Mateos P. CCL20 Expression by Tumor-Associated Macrophages Predicts Progression of Human Primary Cutaneous Melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:267-275. [PMID: 29362221 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine axis CCR6/CCL20 is involved in cancer progression in a variety of tumors. Here, we show that CCR6 is expressed by melanoma cells. The CCR6 ligand, CCL20, induces migration and proliferation in vitro, and enhances tumor growth and metastasis in vivo Confocal analysis of melanoma tissues showed that CCR6 is expressed by tumor cells, whereas CCL20 is preferentially expressed by nontumoral cells in the stroma of certain tumors. Stromal CCL20, but not tumoral CCR6, predicted poor survival in a cohort of 40 primary melanoma patients. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), independently of their M1/M2 polarization profile, were identified as the main source of CCL20 in primary melanomas that developed metastasis. In addition to CCL20, TAMs expressed TNF and VEGF-A protumoral cytokines, suggesting that melanoma progression is supported by macrophages with a differential activation state. Our data highlight the synergistic interaction between melanoma tumor cells and prometastatic macrophages through a CCR6/CCL20 paracrine loop. Stromal levels of CCL20 in primary melanomas may be a clinically useful marker for assessing patient risk, making treatment decisions, and planning or analyzing clinical trials. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(3); 267-75. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Samaniego
- Unidad de Microscopía Confocal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Alba Gutiérrez-Seijo
- Unidad de Microscopía Confocal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmuno-oncología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Sánchez-Gregorio
- Unidad de Microscopía Confocal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmuno-oncología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge García-Giménez
- Unidad de Microscopía Confocal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de Inmuno-oncología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Mercader
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Márquez-Rodas
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Avilés
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Relloso
- Grupo de Inmuno-fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Sánchez-Mateos
- Laboratorio de Inmuno-oncología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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D'Amico L, Belisario D, Migliardi G, Grange C, Bussolati B, D'Amelio P, Perera T, Dalmasso E, Dalle Carbonare L, Godio L, Comoglio P, Trusolino L, Ferracini R, Roato I. C-met inhibition blocks bone metastasis development induced by renal cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45525-45537. [PMID: 27322553 PMCID: PMC5216739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are key players in bone metastasis. In some renal tumors CSCs overexpress the HGF receptor c-MET, speculating that c-MET targeting could lead to bone metastasis inhibition. To address this hypothesis we isolated renal CD105+/CD24−CSCs, expressing c-MET receptor from a primary renal carcinoma. Then, to study their ability to metastasize to bone, we injected renal CSCs in NOD/SCID mice implanted with a human bone and we tested the effect of a c-MET inhibitor (JNJ-38877605) on bone metastasis development. JNJ-38877605 inhibited the formation of metastases at bone implant site. We showed that JNJ-38877605 inhibited the activation of osteoclasts induced by RCC stem cells and it stimulated osteoblast activity, finally resulting in a reduction of bone turnover consistent with the inhibition of bone metastases. We measured the circulating levels of osteotropic factors induced by RCC stem cells in the sera of mice treated with c-Met inhibitor, showing that IL-11 and CCL20 were reduced in mice treated with JNJ-38877605, strongly supporting the involvement of c-MET in the regulation of this process. To address the clinical relevance of c-MET upregulation during tumor progression, we analysed c-MET in renal cancer patients detecting an increased expression in the bone metastatic lesions by IHC. Then, we dosed CCL20 serum levels resulting significantly increased in patients with bone metastases compared to non-metastatic ones. Collectively, our data highlight the importance of the c-MET pathway in the pathogenesis of bone metastases induced by RCC stem cells in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia D'Amico
- Cancer Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,CeRMS, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Dimas Belisario
- Cancer Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giorgia Migliardi
- IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Patrizia D'Amelio
- Gerontology Section, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Ettore Dalmasso
- Urology Section, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Dalle Carbonare
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Section D, Policlinico G.B. Rossi Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Godio
- Department of Pathology, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Comoglio
- IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- IRCC, Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Roato
- CeRMS, A.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
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Ikeda S, Kitadate A, Ito M, Abe F, Nara M, Watanabe A, Takahashi N, Miyagaki T, Sugaya M, Tagawa H. Disruption of CCL20-CCR6 interaction inhibits metastasis of advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:13563-74. [PMID: 26789110 PMCID: PMC4924661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that upregulation of a chemokine receptor CCR6 and its ligand CCL20 led to metastasis of advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cells, suggesting the involvement of CCL20-CCR6 interaction in initiating CTCL cell metastasis. In this study, we determined whether this interaction is functional in metastatic CTCL cells. We first demonstrated increased STAT3 expression during the progression of primary CTCL. STAT3 was spontaneously activated and mediated the transcription of CCL20 in CTCL cell lines. Next, to determine whether the transient knockdown of STAT3, CCL20, or CCR6 or treatment with neutralizing antibody against CCL20 (neutralizing CCL20 antibody) could reduce the migration ability of CTCL cells, we conducted an in vitro migration assay. All treatments reduced the nutrition-dependent migration activity of CTCL cells. Notably, treatment with neutralizing CCL20 antibody reduced the migration ability of the cells without decreasing the expression of CCL20 and CCR6. This demonstrated that the CCL20-CCR6 interaction is actually functional in metastatic CTCL cells. Finally, to examine the in vivo effect of neutralizing CCL20 antibody, we used NOD/Shi-scid IL-2γnul mice inoculated with CTCL cells. These mice were expected to die due to metastasis of CTCL cells into multiple organs. However, administration of neutralizing CCL20 antibody significantly prolonged the survival of the xenografted mice. These findings suggested that automatic activation of the STAT3/CCL20/CCR6 cascade was involved in CTCL lymphomagenesis and that disruption of CCL20-CCR6 interaction could be a key therapeutic strategy against advanced CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Ikeda
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kitadate
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Ito
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Fumito Abe
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Miho Nara
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Watanabe
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Naoto Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Sugaya
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tagawa
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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CCR6 signaling inhibits suppressor function of induced-Treg during gut inflammation. J Autoimmun 2017; 88:121-130. [PMID: 29126851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
CCR6 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds to a specific chemokine, CCL20. The role of CCR6-CCL20 is very well studied in the migration of immune cells, but the non-chemotaxis functions of CCR6 signaling were not known. Here, we show that during gut inflammation, the frequency of Foxp3+CD4+ T cells (Tregs) reduced in the secondary lymphoid tissues and CCR6+ Tregs enhanced the expression of RORγt. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients showed lower percentages of Foxp3+CD4+ T cells, as compared to healthy individuals, with CCR6+ Tregs showing higher RORγt expression as compared to CCR6-Tregs. CCL20 inhibited the TGF-β1-induced Treg (iTreg) differentiation and directed them towards the pathogenic Th17-lineage in a CCR6-dependent manner. The iTreg that differentiated in the presence of CCL20 showed lower surface expression of suppressor molecules such as CD39, CD73 and FasL, and had impaired suppressive function. Furthermore, CCR6 signaling induced phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, and STAT3 molecules in T cells. In conclusion, we have identified a new role of CCR6 signaling in the differentiation of iTregs during inflammation and gut autoimmunity.
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Zhang XP, Hu ZJ, Meng AH, Duan GC, Zhao QT, Yang J. Role of CCL20/CCR6 and the ERK signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:8183-8189. [PMID: 29250193 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that carcinoma-associated fibroblasts communicate microenvironment-derived signals through chemokine/chemokine receptor interaction, resulting in carcinogenesis. C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20)/C-C motif chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) interactions are involved in the pathogenesis of colonic malignancies. The present study aimed to characterize the roles of CCL20/CCR6 and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma growth. Lung adenocarcinoma samples obtained at surgery were assessed for the expression, tissue localization and production of CCL20/CCR6. In addition, colony formation, ERK signaling and chemokine production were measured to assess the responsiveness of the A549 cell line to CCL20 stimulation. CCL20 and CCR6 were found to be highly expressed in the majority of samples in the recurrence group (76 and 66%, respectively). The staining indexes of CCL20 and CCR6 in the recurrence group were 149.3 and 134.4, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrence group (57.2 and 58.0, respectively); the protein and mRNA expression levels determined by western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were also found to be high in the recurrence group For A549 cells, the colony-forming capacity was increased by CCL20 stimulation, and this effect was dependent in part on ERK phosphorylation. Collectively, the findings suggest that CCR6 and CCL20 may serve a role in lung adenocarcinoma, leading to proliferation and migration via autocrine or paracrine mechanisms. The disruption of CCL20/CCR6 interactions may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Juan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Hong Meng
- Respiratory Division, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050050, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Chen Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Tao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Respiratory Division, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Muscella A, Vetrugno C, Marsigliante S. CCL20 promotes migration and invasiveness of human cancerous breast epithelial cells in primary culture. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2461-2473. [PMID: 28618084 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The relation between the tumor and its microenvironment is one of the most interesting and less understood issues. Recently, we showed a role of CCL20 chemokine in proning the healthy tissue neighboring the tumor to carcinogenesis. Besides, tumor-secreted CCL20 induced proliferation, migration, and EMT of healthy cells. In this context, we have studied here if CCL20 had effects on the migration of cancer cells and the intracellular pathways used in breast epithelial cells in primary culture. Using molecular (siRNA) and pharmacological (inhibitors) techniques, we found multiple signaling kinases to be activated and involved in CCL20-induced tumor breast cell migration. CCL20 provoked a 2.5-fold increase of cell migration and invasion; CCL20 also enhanced MMP- 2 and MMP-9 mRNAs/protein expression and activities. Cell migration and invasiveness due to CCL20 significantly decreased when MMP-2 and MMP-9 were inhibited in CCL20-stimulated cells. CCL20 controlled MMP-2 expression through the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, while the expression of MMP-9 occurred by PKC-α that activated, consequently, c-Src, Akt, and finally NF-kB. These results reveal a role for CCL20 also in tumor breast cell and point to CCL20 as a novel therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Muscella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Carla Vetrugno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
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You BH, Chae HS, Song J, Ko HW, Chin YW, Choi YH. α-Mangostin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 49:212-221. [PMID: 28601023 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of the colon as a target site. Previous reports regarding the efficacy of α-mangostin (αMG) to inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) as well as relatively high distribution to the colon suggested the therapeutic potential of this compound in UC model. In dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice (DSS mice), the disease activity index scores involving diarrhea, bloody stool, body weight reduction, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities of the esophagus and colon increased with the reduced colon length. Also histologic disturbances and changes of NF-κB and MAPK pathways including phosphorylation of IκB kinase, ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK and p38 were observed in the colon of the DSS mice. However, all of these impaired conditions in the DSS mice were restored by αMG treatment, and the intestinal metabolism of αMG decreased, increasing its distribution to the colons in the DSS mice compared with the control mice. All of these results suggest that high distribution of αMG in the colon might attenuate DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Hoon You
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Chae
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Song
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Wan Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Hee Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-lo, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea.
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Marafini I, Monteleone I, Dinallo V, Di Fusco D, De Simone V, Laudisi F, Fantini MC, Di Sabatino A, Pallone F, Monteleone G. CCL20 Is Negatively Regulated by TGF-β1 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Reduced in Crohn's Disease Patients With a Successful Response to Mongersen, a Smad7 Antisense Oligonucleotide. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:603-609. [PMID: 28453765 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The chemokine CCL20 is over-produced in epithelium of Crohn's disease [CD] patients and contributes to recruiting immune cells to inflamed gut. Tumour necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] is a powerful inducer of CCL20 in intestinal epithelial cells. In CD, high levels of Smad7 block the activity of transforming growth factor-β1 [TGF-β1], a negative regulator of TNF signalling. We investigated whether intestinal epithelial cell-derived CCL20 is negatively regulated by TGF-β1 and whether Smad7 knock-down reduces CCL20 in CD. METHODS CCL20 was evaluated in NCM460, a normal colonic epithelial cell line, stimulated with TGF-β1 and TNF-α, and in Smad7 over-expressing NCM460 cells. CCL20 and Smad7 expression were assessed in sections of CD intestinal specimens by immunochemistry, and in CD colonic explants treated with mongersen, a Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide. CCL20 was examined in serum samples taken from 95 of 166 active CD patients receiving mongersen or placebo for 2 weeks and participating in a phase II, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. RESULTS CCL20 expression was increased by TNF-α, and this effect was inhibited by TGF-β1 in NCM460 cells, but not in Smad7 over-expressing NCM460 cells. In CD, epithelium CCL20 and Smad7 co-localised, and treatment of CD explants with mongersen reduced CCL20 production. During follow-up, in responders to mongersen, serum CCL20 levels significantly decreased, whereas patients without response/remission to mongersen and placebo patients did not have change in CCL20. CONCLUSIONS TGF-β1 reduces intestinal epithelial cell-derived CCL20 production, an effect abrogated by Smad7. CD patients responding to mongersen demonstrated a reduction in serum CCL20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Marafini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Dinallo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Di Fusco
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica De Simone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Laudisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Pallone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
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Ying B, Huang H, Li H, Song M, Wu S, Ying H. Procaine Inhibits Proliferation and Migration and Promotes Cell Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells by Upregulation of MicroRNA-133b. Oncol Res 2017; 25:1463-1470. [PMID: 28251881 PMCID: PMC7841045 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14878518291077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Procaine (PCA) is a conventional chemotherapeutic agent for osteosarcoma. Recent studies have proposed that the growth-inhibitory effect of PCA is through regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). miR-133b has been proven to be a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma, but whether it is involved in the antitumor effects of PCA on osteosarcoma has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of PCA on osteosarcoma MG63 cells by regulation of miR-133b, as well as its underlying mechanisms. MG63 cells were treated with different concentrations of PCA, and cell viability, apoptosis, and miR-133b expression were then detected by MTT, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR, respectively. Cells were then transfected with the miR-133b inhibitor and treated with 2 μM PCA. Thereafter, cell viability, migration, and apoptosis were detected. Analysis of signaling pathways was detected by Western blot. Our results showed that PCA significantly inhibited cell viability and promoted apoptosis and the expression level of miR-133b in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, we observed that PCA + miR-133b inhibitor dramatically reversed the effects of PCA on cell viability, apoptosis, and migration (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). In addition, PCA significantly decreased the levels of p/t-AKT (p308 or p473), p/t-ERK, and p/t-S6, whereas PCA + miR-133b inhibitor rescued these effects. Our results suggest that PCA inhibits proliferation and migration but promotes apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells by upregulation of miR-133b. These effects may be achieved by inactivation of the AKT/ERK pathways.
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Geismann C, Grohmann F, Dreher A, Häsler R, Rosenstiel P, Legler K, Hauser C, Egberts JH, Sipos B, Schreiber S, Linkermann A, Hassan Z, Schneider G, Schäfer H, Arlt A. Role of CCL20 mediated immune cell recruitment in NF-κB mediated TRAIL resistance of pancreatic cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:782-796. [PMID: 28188806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents one of the deadliest cancers. From a clinical view, the transcription factor NF-κB is of particular importance, since this pathway confers apoptosis resistance and limits drug efficacy. Whereas the role of the most abundant NF-κB subunit p65/RelA in therapeutic resistance is well documented, only little knowledge of the RelA downstream targets and their functional relevance in TRAIL mediated apoptosis in PDAC is available. In the present study TRAIL resistant and sensitive PDAC cell lines were analyzed for differentially expressed RelA target genes, to define RelA downstream targets mediating TRAIL resistance. The most upregulated target gene was then further functionally characterized. Unbiased genome-wide expression analysis demonstrated that the chemokine CCL20 represents the strongest TRAIL inducible direct RelA target gene in resistant PDAC cells. Unexpectedly, targeting CCL20 by siRNA, blocking antibodies or by downregulation of the sole CCL20 receptor CCR6 had no effect on PDAC cell death or cancer cell migration, arguing against an autocrine role of CCL20 in PDAC. However, by using an ex vivo indirect co-culture system we were able to show that CCL20 acts paracrine to recruit immune cells. Importantly, CCL20-recruited immune cells further increase TRAIL resistance of CCL20-producing PDAC cells. In conclusion, our data show a functional role of a RelA-CCL20 pathway in PDAC TRAIL resistance. We demonstrate how the therapy-induced cross-talk of cancer cells with immune cells affects treatment responses, knowledge needed to tailor novel bi-specific treatments, which target tumor cell as well as immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Geismann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, UKSH-Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frauke Grohmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, UKSH-Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anita Dreher
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, UKSH-Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Häsler
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, UKSH Campus Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Karen Legler
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, UKSH Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Bence Sipos
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, UKSH-Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, UKSH Campus Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Zonera Hassan
- Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, II. Medizinische Klinik, Munich, Germany
| | - Günter Schneider
- Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, II. Medizinische Klinik, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiner Schäfer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, UKSH-Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, UKSH Campus Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Arlt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology & Hepatology, UKSH-Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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Nandi B, Shapiro M, Samur MK, Pai C, Frank NY, Yoon C, Prabhala RH, Munshi NC, Gold JS. Stromal CCR6 drives tumor growth in a murine transplantable colon cancer through recruitment of tumor-promoting macrophages. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1189052. [PMID: 27622061 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1189052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the inflammatory chemokine CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 have been implicated in promoting colon cancer; however, the mechanisms behind this effect are poorly understood. We have previously demonstrated that deficiency of CCR6 is associated with decreased tumor macrophage accumulation in a model of sporadic intestinal tumorigenesis. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of stromal CCR6 expression in a murine syngeneic transplantable colon cancer model. We show that deficiency of host CCR6 is associated with decreased growth of syngeneic CCR6-expressing colon cancers. Colon cancers adoptively transplanted into CCR6-deficient mice have decreased tumor-associated macrophages without alterations in the number of monocytes in blood or bone marrow. CCL20, the unique ligand for CCR6, promotes migration of monocytes in vitro and promotes accumulation of macrophages in vivo. Depletion of tumor-associated macrophages decreases the growth of tumors in the transplantable tumor model. Macrophages infiltrating the colon cancers in this model secrete the inflammatory mediators CCL2, IL-1α, IL-6 and TNFα. Ccl2, Il1α and Il6 are consequently downregulated in tumors from CCR6-deficient mice. CCL2, IL-1α and IL-6 also promote proliferation of colon cancer cells, linking the decreased macrophage migration into tumors mediated by CCL20-CCR6 interactions to the delay in tumor growth in CCR6-deficient hosts. The relevance of these findings in human colon cancer is demonstrated through correlation of CCR6 expression with that of the macrophage marker CD163 as well as that of CCL2, IL1α and TNFα. Our findings support the exploration of targeting the CCL20-CCR6 pathway for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisweswar Nandi
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mia Shapiro
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mehmet K Samur
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Pai
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System , West Roxbury, MA, USA
| | - Natasha Y Frank
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Medicine Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles Yoon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rao H Prabhala
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Medicine Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA
| | - Jason S Gold
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Surgery Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA
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Wang B, Shi L, Sun X, Wang L, Wang X, Chen C. Production of CCL20 from lung cancer cells induces the cell migration and proliferation through PI3K pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:920-9. [PMID: 26968871 PMCID: PMC4831357 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour inflammatory microenvironment is considered to play a role in the sensitivity of tumour cells to therapies and prognosis of patients with lung cancer. The expression of CCL20, one of the critical chemoattractants responsible for inflammation cells recruitment, has been shown overexpressed in variety of tumours. This study aimed at investigating potential mechanisms of CCL20 function and production in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expression of CCL20 gene and protein in lung tissues of patients with NSCLC and NSCLC cells (A549) were determined. The interleukin (IL)-1β-induced signal pathways in A549 and the effect of CCL20-induced A549 cell migration and proliferation were determined using migration assays and cell-alive monitoring system. Mechanisms of signal pathways involved in the migration of CCL20 were also studied. We initially found that NSCLC tumour tissues markedly overexpressed CCL20 in comparison with normal lung samples. In addition, IL-1β could directly promote CCL20 production in lung cancer cells, which was inhibited by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 inhibitor, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MARP) inhibitor or PI3K inhibitors. CCL20 promoted lung cancer cells migration and proliferation in an autocrine manner via activation of ERK1/2-MAPK and PI3K pathways. Our data indicated that IL-1β could stimulate CCL20 production from lung cancer cells through the activation of MAPKs and PI3K signal pathways, and the auto-secretion of CCL20 could promote lung cancer cell migration and proliferation through the activation of ERK and PI3K signal pathways. Our results may provide a novel evidence that CCL20 could be a new therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- Department of Lung Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Zhongshan Hospital Biomedical Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center for Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoru Sun
- Department of Lung Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Zhongshan Hospital Biomedical Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center for Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Lung Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhongshan Hospital Biomedical Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center for Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Lung Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Skovdahl HK, Granlund AVB, Østvik AE, Bruland T, Bakke I, Torp SH, Damås JK, Sandvik AK. Expression of CCL20 and Its Corresponding Receptor CCR6 Is Enhanced in Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and TLR3 Mediates CCL20 Expression in Colonic Epithelial Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141710. [PMID: 26536229 PMCID: PMC4633243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The chemokine CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 are putative drug targets in inflammatory bowel disease, and CCL20 is a novel IBD predilection gene. Previous findings on the CCL20 response in these diseases are divergent. This study was undertaken to examine CCL20 and CCR6 during active and inactive disease, and mechanisms for CCL20 regulation by the innate immune system. As TLR3 has recently emerged as a possible mediator of CCL20 production, we hypothesised that this TLR plays an important role in enterocytic CCL20 production. Methods A large microarray study on colonic pinch biopsies from active and inactive ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease provided background information. CCL20 and CCR6 were localized and their expression levels assessed in biopsies using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Regulation of CCL20 was studied in the HT29 cell line using a panel of pattern recognition receptor ligands followed by a TLR3 siRNA assay. Results CCL20 and CCR6 mRNA abundances were increased during active inflammation (CCL20 5.4-fold in ulcerative colitis and 4.2-fold in Crohn’s disease; CCR6 1.8 and 2.0, respectively). CCL20 and CCR6 mRNA positive immune cells in lamina propria were more numerous, and CCL20 immunoreactivity increased massively in the epithelial cells during active inflammation for both diseases. TLR3 stimulation potently induced upregulation and release of CCL20 from HT29 cells, and TLR3 silencing reduced CCL20 mRNA and protein levels. Conclusions The CCL20-CCR6 axis is involved during active inflammation in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The epithelial cells seem particularly involved in the CCL20 response, and results from this study strongly suggest that the innate immune system is important for activation of the epithelium, especially through TLR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Kolstad Skovdahl
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atle van Beelen Granlund
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ann Elisabet Østvik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torunn Bruland
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingunn Bakke
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sverre Helge Torp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children and Women’s Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Kristian Damås
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Kristian Sandvik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the major forms of inflammatory bowel disease, and pathogenesis involves a complex interplay among genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. We evaluated isoform expression of the IL-12-activated transcription factor STAT4 in children with CD and UC. METHODS We collected biopsy samples from both patients newly diagnosed with CD and with UC. We further collected blood samples from patients newly diagnosed with CD and with UC as well as from patients who had a flare-up after being in clinical remission, and we examined the ratios of STAT4β/STAT4α mRNA. In addition to STAT4 isoforms, we measured the expression of the cytokines TNFα, IFNγ, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, and IL-17 using polymerase chain reaction of biopsy samples and multiplex analysis of patient serum samples. RESULTS Ratios of STAT4β/STAT4α were increased in specific gastrointestinal tract segments in both patients with CD and those with UC that correlate with the location and severity of inflammation. In contrast, we did not observe changes in STAT4β/STAT4α ratios in biopsy specimens from patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. We also observed increased STAT4β/STAT4α ratios in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with UC and those with CD, compared with healthy controls. Ratios were normalized after patients were treated with steroids. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data indicate that STAT4 isoforms could be an important noninvasive biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and that expression of these isoforms might provide further insight into the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Stallhofer J, Friedrich M, Konrad-Zerna A, Wetzke M, Lohse P, Glas J, Tillack-Schreiber C, Schnitzler F, Beigel F, Brand S. Lipocalin-2 Is a Disease Activity Marker in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Regulated by IL-17A, IL-22, and TNF-α and Modulated by IL23R Genotype Status. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2015; 21:2327-40. [PMID: 26263469 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a potent bacteriostatic protein. We aimed to investigate its role as a disease activity marker in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its induction by the Th17 cytokines IL-17A, IL-22, and TNF-α in colonic epithelial cells. Moreover, we analyzed the influence of IBD-associated IL23R alleles on LCN2 serum levels in IBD patients. METHODS LCN2 serum levels were determined in 131 IBD patients (71 with Crohn's disease [CD], 60 with ulcerative colitis [UC]) and 63 healthy controls. IBD patients were genotyped for 10 IBD-associated IL23R polymorphisms. LCN2 expression after stimulation with IL-17A, IL-22, and TNF-α was measured in human colonic epithelial cell lines. RESULTS A significant upregulation of serum LCN2 in active IBD (median [IQR], 36.84 [21.17-73.74] ng/mL; P = 0.01) compared with healthy controls (24.22 [17.76-35.25] ng/mL) was confined to active UC (42.21 [28.97-73.74] ng/mL; P = 0.0006). LCN2 proved to be a marker of UC disease activity (area under the curve 0.75, sensitivity 0.83, specificity 0.63; P = 0.0002). IL-17A showed a synergistic effect with IL-22 and TNF-α in inducing colonic epithelial expression of LCN2 and its essential transcription factor IKBZ. In CD, LCN2 concentrations were significantly modulated by IL23R genotype status with homozygous carriers of IBD risk-increasing alleles showing particularly low LCN2 levels. CONCLUSIONS Serum LCN2 proves to be a biomarker of active UC. Lower LCN2 levels in CD patients carrying IBD risk-increasing IL23R variants may result from a restricted upregulation of LCN2 due to an impaired Th17 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Stallhofer
- *Department of Medicine II, Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany; †Clinic for Preventive Dentistry and Parodontology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; ‡Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; §Department of Clinical Chemistry, Grosshadern, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; and ‖Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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The chemokines CCR1 and CCRL2 have a role in colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:2461-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Xu Y, Zhang R, Li C, Yin X, Lv C, Wang Y, Zhao W, Zhang X. Dexmedetomidine attenuates acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mouse through inhibition of MAPK pathway. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26211495 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhen Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology; Binzhou Medical University Hospital; Binzhou Medical University; Binzhou Shandong 256603 China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology; Binzhou Medical University Hospital; Binzhou Medical University; Binzhou Shandong 256603 China
| | - Chunli Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Binzhou Medical University; Yantai Shandong 264003 China
| | - Xue Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Binzhou Medical University; Yantai Shandong 264003 China
| | - Changjun Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Binzhou Medical University; Yantai Shandong 264003 China
| | - Yaoqi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology; Binzhou Medical University Hospital; Binzhou Medical University; Binzhou Shandong 256603 China
| | - Wenxiang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology; Binzhou Medical University Hospital; Binzhou Medical University; Binzhou Shandong 256603 China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Binzhou Medical University; Yantai Shandong 264003 China
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Global analysis of DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma by a liquid hybridization capture-based bisulfite sequencing approach. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:86. [PMID: 26300991 PMCID: PMC4546208 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic alterations, such as aberrant DNA methylation of promoter and enhancer regions, which lead to atypical gene expression, have been associated with carcinogenesis. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), genome-wide analysis of methylation has only recently been used. For a better understanding of hepatocarcinogenesis, we applied an even higher resolution analysis of the promoter methylome to identify previously unknown regions and genes differentially methylated in HCC. RESULTS Optimized liquid hybridization capture-based bisulfite sequencing (LHC-BS) was developed to quantitatively analyze 1.86 million CpG sites in individual samples from eight pairs of HCC and adjacent tissues. By linking the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in promoters to the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we identified 12 DMR-associated genes. We further utilized Illumina MiSeq combining the bisulfite sequencing PCR approach to validate the 12 candidate genes. Analysis of an additional 78 HCC pairs on the Illumina MiSeq platform confirmed that 7 genes showed either promoter hyper-methylation (SMAD6, IFITM1, LRRC4, CHST4, and TBX15) or hypo-methylation (CCL20 and NQO1) in HCC. CONCLUSIONS Novel methylome profiling provides a cost-efficient approach to identifying candidate genes in human HCC that may contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. Our work provides further information critical for understanding the epigenetic processes underlying tumorigenesis and development of HCC.
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Marsigliante S, Vetrugno C, Muscella A. Paracrine CCL20 loop induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast epithelial cells. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1175-86. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Marsigliante
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.); Laboratorio di Fisiologia Cellulare; Università del Salento; Via Provinciale per Monteroni; Lecce Italy
| | - C. Vetrugno
- Unità di Neuropatologia; Istituto di Neurologia sperimentale e Divisione di Neuroscienze; Istituto Scientifico IRCCS San Raffaele; Milano Italy
| | - A. Muscella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.); Laboratorio di Patologia Molecolare; Università del Salento; Via Provinciale per Monteroni; Lecce Italy
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