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Jahan M, Iwasa H, Kuroyanagi H, Hata Y. Loss of Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of human MOB4 compromises life span, health life span and thermotolerance. Genes Cells 2021; 26:798-806. [PMID: 34428327 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mob1/phocein family proteins are conserved from yeast to mammals. Human has four MOB genes, MOB1, 2, 3 and 4. Human MOB1 protein, which is a component of the Hippo pathway, is involved in the inhibition of yes-associated protein (YAP1) through large tumor suppressor (LATS) kinases and plays a tumor suppressive role. In contrast, MOB4 activates YAP1. Caernorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) also has four MOB genes. Moreover, C. elegans has homologues of YAP1 (Ce_YAP-1) and LATS kinases (WTS-1). Nevertheless, our previous study revealed that the Hippo pathway is not conserved in C. elegans and that heat shock activates Ce_YAP-1. We also reported that Ce_YAP-1 is involved in the regulation of life span, healthy lifespan and thermotolerance. In this study, we raised a question whether and how C. elegans homologue of MOB4 (Ce_MOB-4) is involved in the regulation of Ce_YAP-1. Ce_MOB-4 is ubiquitously expressed in adult worms. This expression pattern is similar to that of Ce_YAP-1. mob-4 loss-of-function mutants show short life span, short health life span and compromise thermotolerance. However, heat shock activates Ce_YAP-1 in mob-4 mutant. In conclusion, the role of MOB4 in the activation of YAP1 is not conserved in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momotaj Jahan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iwasa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehito Kuroyanagi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hata
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Jiang K, Yao G, Hu L, Yan Y, Liu J, Shi J, Chang Y, Zhang Y, Liang D, Shen D, Zhang G, Meng S, Piao H. MOB2 suppresses GBM cell migration and invasion via regulation of FAK/Akt and cAMP/PKA signaling. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:230. [PMID: 32286266 PMCID: PMC7156523 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mps one binder 2 (MOB2) regulates the NDR kinase family, however, whether and how it is implicated in cancer remain unknown. Here we show that MOB2 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma (GBM). Analysis of MOB2 expression in glioma patient specimens and bioinformatic analyses of public datasets revealed that MOB2 was downregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in GBM. Ectopic MOB2 expression suppressed, while depletion of MOB2 enhanced, the malignant phenotypes of GBM cells, such as clonogenic growth, anoikis resistance, and formation of focal adhesions, migration, and invasion. Moreover, depletion of MOB2 increased, while overexpression of MOB2 decreased, GBM cell metastasis in a chick chorioallantoic membrane model. Overexpression of MOB2-mediated antitumor effects were further confirmed in mouse xenograft models. Mechanistically, MOB2 negatively regulated the FAK/Akt pathway involving integrin. Notably, MOB2 interacted with and promoted PKA signaling in a cAMP-dependent manner. Furthermore, the cAMP activator Forskolin increased, while the PKA inhibitor H89 decreased, MOB2 expression in GBM cells. Functionally, MOB2 contributed to the cAMP/PKA signaling-regulated inactivation of FAK/Akt pathway and inhibition of GBM cell migration and invasion. Collectively, these findings suggest a role of MOB2 as a tumor suppressor in GBM via regulation of FAK/Akt signaling. Additionally, we uncover MOB2 as a novel regulator in cAMP/PKA signaling. Given that small compounds targeting FAK and cAMP pathway have been tested in clinical trials, we suggest that interference with MOB2 expression and function may support a theoretical and therapeutic basis for applications of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.,Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, 9 Lvshun Road South, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, 9 Lvshun Road South, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Lulu Hu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, 9 Lvshun Road South, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Yumei Yan
- The First Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital to Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, 116021, Dalian, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Ji Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Youwei Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Dapeng Liang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, 9 Lvshun Road South, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Dachuan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, 116004, Dalian, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Central laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.
| | - Songshu Meng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, 9 Lvshun Road South, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.
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Gundogdu R, Hergovich A. MOB (Mps one Binder) Proteins in the Hippo Pathway and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060569. [PMID: 31185650 PMCID: PMC6627106 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of MOBs (monopolar spindle-one-binder proteins) is highly conserved in the eukaryotic kingdom. MOBs represent globular scaffold proteins without any known enzymatic activities. They can act as signal transducers in essential intracellular pathways. MOBs have diverse cancer-associated cellular functions through regulatory interactions with members of the NDR/LATS kinase family. By forming additional complexes with serine/threonine protein kinases of the germinal centre kinase families, other enzymes and scaffolding factors, MOBs appear to be linked to an even broader disease spectrum. Here, we review our current understanding of this emerging protein family, with emphases on post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and cellular processes that are possibly linked to cancer and other diseases. In particular, we summarise the roles of MOBs as core components of the Hippo tissue growth and regeneration pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Gundogdu
- Vocational School of Health Services, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey.
| | - Alexander Hergovich
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom.
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Gomez V, Gundogdu R, Gomez M, Hoa L, Panchal N, O'Driscoll M, Hergovich A. Regulation of DNA damage responses and cell cycle progression by hMOB2. Cell Signal 2015; 27:326-39. [PMID: 25460043 PMCID: PMC4276419 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mps one binder proteins (MOBs) are conserved regulators of essential signalling pathways. Biochemically, human MOB2 (hMOB2) can inhibit NDR kinases by competing with hMOB1 for binding to NDRs. However, biological roles of hMOB2 have remained enigmatic. Here, we describe novel functions of hMOB2 in the DNA damage response (DDR) and cell cycle regulation. hMOB2 promotes DDR signalling, cell survival and cell cycle arrest after exogenously induced DNA damage. Under normal growth conditions in the absence of exogenously induced DNA damage hMOB2 plays a role in preventing the accumulation of endogenous DNA damage and a subsequent p53/p21-dependent G1/S cell cycle arrest. Unexpectedly, these molecular and cellular phenotypes are not observed upon NDR manipulations, indicating that hMOB2 performs these functions independent of NDR signalling. Thus, to gain mechanistic insight, we screened for novel binding partners of hMOB2, revealing that hMOB2 interacts with RAD50, facilitating the recruitment of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) DNA damage sensor complex and activated ATM to DNA damaged chromatin. Taken together, we conclude that hMOB2 supports the DDR and cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valenti Gomez
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ramazan Gundogdu
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Gomez
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lily Hoa
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neelam Panchal
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark O'Driscoll
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, BN1 9RH, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Hergovich
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom.
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Schweinhuber SK, Meßerschmidt T, Hänsch R, Korte M, Rothkegel M. Profilin isoforms modulate astrocytic morphology and the motility of astrocytic processes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117244. [PMID: 25629407 PMCID: PMC4309604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphology of astrocytic processes determines their close structural association with synapses referred to as the ‘tripartite synapse’. Concerted morphological plasticity processes at tripartite synapses are supposed to shape neuronal communication. Morphological changes in astrocytes as well as the motility of astrocytic processes require remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Among the regulators of fast timescale actin-based motility, the actin binding protein profilin 1 has recently been shown to control the activity-dependent outgrowth of astrocytic processes. Here, we demonstrate that cultured murine astrocytes in addition to the ubiquitous profilin 1 also express the neuronal isoform profilin 2a. To analyze the cellular function of both profilins in astrocytes, we took advantage of a shRNA mediated isoform-specific downregulation. Interestingly, consistent with earlier results in neurons, we found redundant as well as isoform-specific functions of both profilins in modulating cellular physiology. The knockdown of either profilin 1 or profilin 2a led to a significant decrease in cell spreading of astrocytes. In contrast, solely the knockdown of profilin 2a resulted in a significantly reduced morphological complexity of astrocytes in both dissociated and slice culture astrocytes. Moreover, both isoforms proved to be crucial for forskolin-induced astrocytic stellation. Furthermore, forskolin treatment resulted in isoform-specific changes in the phosphorylation level of profilin 1 and profilin 2a, leading to a PKA-dependent phosphorylation of profilin 2a. In addition, transwell assays revealed an involvement of both isoforms in the motility of astrocytic processes, while FRAP analysis displayed an isoform-specific role of profilin 1 in the regulation of actin dynamics in peripheral astrocytic processes. Taken together, we suggest profilin isoforms to be important modulators of astrocytic morphology and motility with overlapping as well as isoform-specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tania Meßerschmidt
- Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Molecular and Cell Biology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Rothkegel
- Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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