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Depleting long noncoding RNA HOTAIR attenuates chronic myelocytic leukemia progression by binding to DNA methyltransferase 1 and inhibiting PTEN gene promoter methylation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:440. [PMID: 33941772 PMCID: PMC8093289 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to play a key role in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) development, and we aimed to identify the involvement of the lncRNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in CML via binding to DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) to accelerate methylation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene promoter. Bone marrow samples from CML patients and normal bone marrow samples from healthy controls were collected. HOTAIR, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and PTEN expression was detected. The biological characteristics of CML cells were detected. The relationship among HOTAIR, DNMT1, and PTEN was verified. Tumor volume and weight in mice injected with CML cells were tested. We found that HOTAIR and DNMT1 expression was increased and PTEN expression was decreased in CML. We also investigated whether downregulated HOTAIR or DNMT1 reduced proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration and increased the apoptosis rate of CML cells. Moreover, we tested whether low expression of HOTAIR or DNMT1 reduced the volume and weight of tumors in mice with CML. Collectively, the results of this studied showed that depleted HOTAIR demonstrated reduced binding to DNMT1 to suppress CML progression, which may be related to methylation of the PTEN promoter.
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A novel Lnc408 maintains breast cancer stem cell stemness by recruiting SP3 to suppress CBY1 transcription and increasing nuclear β-catenin levels. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:437. [PMID: 33934099 PMCID: PMC8088435 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tumor initiation, development, and relapse may be closely associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). The complicated mechanisms underlying the maintenance of CSCs are keeping in illustration. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), due to their multifunction in various biological processes, have been indicated to play a crucial role in CSC renewal and stemness maintenance. Using lncRNA array, we identified a novel lncRNA (named lnc408) in epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related breast CSCs (BCSCs). The lnc408 is high expressed in BCSCs in vitro and in vivo. The enhanced lnc408 is critical to BCSC characteristics and tumorigenesis. Lnc408 can recruit transcript factor SP3 to CBY1 promoter to serve as an inhibitor in CBY1 transcription in BCSCs. The high expressed CBY1 in non-BCSC interacts with 14-3-3 and β-catenin to form a ternary complex, which leads a translocation of the ternary complex into cytoplasm from nucleus and degradation of β-catenin in phosphorylation-dependent pattern. The lnc408-mediated decrease of CBY1 in BCSCs impairs the formation of 14-3-3/β-catenin/CBY1 complex, and keeps β-catenin in nucleus to promote CSC-associated CD44, SOX2, Nanog, Klf4, and c-Myc expressions and contributes to mammosphere formation; however, restoration of CBY1 expression in tumor cells reduces BCSC and its enrichment, thus lnc408 plays an essential role in maintenance of BCSC stemness. In shortly, these findings highlight that the novel lnc408 functions as an oncogenic factor by recruiting SP3 to inhibit CBY1 expression and β-catenin accumulation in nucleus to maintain stemness properties of BCSCs. Lnc408-CBY1-β-catenin signaling axis might serve as a new diagnostic and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Mancini M, De Santis S, Monaldi C, Bavaro L, Martelli M, Gugliotta G, Castagnetti F, Rosti G, Santucci MA, Martinelli G, Cavo M, Soverini S. Ponatinib treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines targets aurora kinase A/FOXM1 axis. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38:201-203. [PMID: 31990987 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mancini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara De Santis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Monaldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Bavaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Margherita Martelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Gugliotta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) Srl, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale-DIMES-Istituto di Ematologia "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Hajji N, García-Domínguez DJ, Hontecillas-Prieto L, O'Neill K, de Álava E, Syed N. The bitter side of epigenetics: variability and resistance to chemotherapy. Epigenomics 2018; 13:397-403. [PMID: 29932342 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major obstacles to the development of effective new cancer treatments and the main factor for the increasing number of clinical trial failures appears to be the paucity of accurate, reproducible and robust drug resistance testing methods. Most research assessing the resistance of cancers to chemotherapy has concentrated on genetic-based molecular mechanisms, while the role of epigenetics in drug resistance has been generally overlooked. This is rather surprising given that an increasing body of evidence pointing to the fact that epigenetic mechanism alterations appear to play a pivotal role in cancer initiation, progression and development of chemoresistance. This resulted in a series of clinical trials involving epi-drug as single treatment or combined with cancer conventional drugs. In this review, we provided the main mechanisms by which the epigenetic regulators control the resistance to cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Hajji
- The John Fulcher Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel J García-Domínguez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IbiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville/CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IbiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville/CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Kevin O'Neill
- The John Fulcher Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Enrique de Álava
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IbiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville/CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Nelofer Syed
- The John Fulcher Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Mancini M, Soverini S, Gugliotta G, Santucci MA, Rosti G, Cavo M, Martinelli G, Castagnetti F. Chibby 1: a new component of β-catenin-signaling in chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88244-88250. [PMID: 29152155 PMCID: PMC5675707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chibby 1 (CBY1) is a small and evolutionarily conserved protein, which act as β-catenin antagonist. CBY1 is encoded by C22orf2 (22q13.1) Its antagonistic function on β-catenin involves the direct interaction with: The C-terminal activation domain of β-catenin, which hinders β-catenin binding with Tcf/Lef transcription factors hence repressing β-catenin transcriptional activation. 14-3-3 scaffolding proteins (σ or ξ), which drive CBY1 nuclear export into a stable tripartite complex with β-catenin. The relative proximity of C22orf2 gene encoding for CBY1 to the BCR breakpoint on chromosome 22q11, whose translocation and rearrangement with the c-ABL is the causative event of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), suggested that gene haploinsufficiency may play a role in the disease pathogenesis and progression. We found CBY1 down-modulation associated with the BCR-ABL1, promoted by transcriptional mechanisms (promoter hyper-methylation) and post-transcriptional events, addressing the protein towards proteasome-dependent degradation through SUMOylation. CBY1 reduced expression in clonal progenitors and, more importantly, in leukemic stem cells (LSC), is contingent upon the tyrosine kinase (TK) activity of BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. Accordingly, its induction by Imatinib (IM) and second generation TK inhibitors contributes to β-catenin inactivation through multiple events encompassing the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy, eventually leading to apoptotic death. These findings support the advantage of combined regimens including drugs targeting DNA epigenetics and/or proteasome to eradicate the BCR-ABL1+ hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mancini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Gugliotta
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES-Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna Medical School, Bologna, Italy
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Koschmieder S, Vetrie D. Epigenetic dysregulation in chronic myeloid leukaemia: A myriad of mechanisms and therapeutic options. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 51:180-197. [PMID: 28778403 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The onset of global epigenetic changes in chromatin that drive tumor proliferation and heterogeneity is a hallmark of many forms of cancer. Identifying the epigenetic mechanisms that govern these changes and developing therapeutic approaches to modulate them, is a well-established avenue pursued in translational cancer medicine. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) arises clonally when a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) acquires the capacity to produce the constitutively active tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL1 fusion protein which drives tumor development. Treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that target BCR-ABL1 has been transformative in CML management but it does not lead to cure in the vast majority of patients. Thus novel therapeutic approaches are required and these must target changes to biological pathways that are aberrant in CML - including those that occur when epigenetic mechanisms are altered. These changes may be due to alterations in DNA or histones, their biochemical modifications and requisite 'writer' proteins, or to dysregulation of various types of non-coding RNAs that collectively function as modulators of transcriptional control and DNA integrity. Here, we review the evidence for subverted epigenetic mechanisms in CML and how these impact on a diverse set of biological pathways, on disease progression, prognosis and drug resistance. We will also discuss recent progress towards developing epigenetic therapies that show promise to improve CML patient care and may lead to improved cure rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - David Vetrie
- Epigenetics Unit, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Mancini M, Leo E, Takemaru KI, Campi V, Castagnetti F, Soverini S, De Benedittis C, Rosti G, Cavo M, Santucci MA, Martinelli G. 14-3-3 Binding and Sumoylation Concur to the Down-Modulation of β-catenin Antagonist chibby 1 in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131074. [PMID: 26147002 PMCID: PMC4492953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The down-modulation of the β-catenin antagonist Chibby 1 (CBY1) associated with the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) contributes to the aberrant activation of β-catenin, particularly in leukemic stem cells (LSC) resistant to tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors. It is, at least partly, driven by transcriptional events and gene promoter hyper-methylation. Here we demonstrate that it also arises from reduced protein stability upon binding to 14-3-3σ adapter protein. CBY1/14-3-3σ interaction in BCR-ABL1+ cells is mediated by the fusion protein TK and AKT phosphorylation of CBY1 at critical serine 20, and encompasses the 14-3-3σ binding modes I and II involved in the binding with client proteins. Moreover, it is impaired by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation of 14-3-3σ at serine 186, which promotes dissociation of client proteins. The ubiquitin proteasome system UPS participates in reducing stability of CBY1 bound with 14-3-3σ through enhanced SUMOylation. Our results open new routes towards the research on molecular pathways promoting the proliferative advantage of leukemic hematopoiesis over the normal counterpart.
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MESH Headings
- 14-3-3 Proteins/metabolism
- Amino Acid Motifs
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins/biosynthesis
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Exoribonucleases/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/genetics
- Humans
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins/biosynthesis
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Protein p65(gag-jun)
- Phosphorylation
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Mapping
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Protein Stability
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Subcellular Fractions/metabolism
- Sumoylation
- beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Mancini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Elisa Leo
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Virginia Campi
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina De Benedittis
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Santucci
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES—Institute of Hematology "L. and A. Seràgnoli". University of Bologna-Medical School, Bologna, Italy
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