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Richardson PJ, Smith DP, de Giorgio A, Snetkov X, Almond-Thynne J, Cronin S, Mead RJ, McDermott CJ, Shaw PJ. Janus kinase inhibitors are potential therapeutics for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:47. [PMID: 37828541 PMCID: PMC10568794 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a poorly treated multifactorial neurodegenerative disease associated with multiple cell types and subcellular organelles. As with other multifactorial diseases, it is likely that drugs will need to target multiple disease processes and cell types to be effective. We review here the role of Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalling in ALS, confirm the association of this signalling with fundamental ALS disease processes using the BenevolentAI Knowledge Graph, and demonstrate that inhibitors of this pathway could reduce the ALS pathophysiology in neurons, glia, muscle fibres, and blood cells. Specifically, we suggest that inhibition of the JAK enzymes by approved inhibitors known as Jakinibs could reduce STAT3 activation and modify the progress of this disease. Analysis of the Jakinibs highlights baricitinib as a suitable candidate due to its ability to penetrate the central nervous system and exert beneficial effects on the immune system. Therefore, we recommend that this drug be tested in appropriately designed clinical trials for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sara Cronin
- BenevolentAI, 15 MetroTech Centre, 8th FL, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Richard J Mead
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher J McDermott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
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2
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Hyun M, Kim H, Kim J, Lee J, Lee HJ, Rathor L, Meier J, Larner A, Lee SM, Moon Y, Choi J, Han SM, Heo JD. Melatonin protects against cadmium-induced oxidative stress via mitochondrial STAT3 signaling in human prostate stromal cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:157. [PMID: 36750754 PMCID: PMC9905543 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin protects against Cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity, a ubiquitous environmental toxicant that causes adverse health effects by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Cd exposure reduces the levels of mitochondrially-localized signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (mitoSTAT3) using human prostate stromal cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Melatonin enhances mitoSTAT3 abundance following Cd exposure, which is required to attenuate ROS damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death caused by Cd exposure. Moreover, melatonin increases mitochondrial levels of GRIM-19, an electron transport chain component that mediates STAT3 import into mitochondria, which are downregulated by Cd. In vivo, melatonin reverses the reduced size of mouse prostate tissue and levels of mitoSTAT3 and GRIM-19 induced by Cd exposure. Together, these data suggest that melatonin regulates mitoSTAT3 function to prevent Cd-induced cytotoxicity and could preserve mitochondrial function during Cd-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonjung Hyun
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Jehein Kim
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Juhong Lee
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Lee
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Laxmi Rathor
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Jeremy Meier
- grid.410711.20000 0001 1034 1720Division of Hematology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Andrew Larner
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Seon Min Lee
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongyu Moon
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Jungil Choi
- grid.418982.e0000 0004 5345 5340Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Han
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Jeong-Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea.
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McCann KJ, Yadav M, Alishahedani ME, Freeman AF, Myles IA. Differential responses to folic acid in an established keloid fibroblast cell line are mediated by JAK1/2 and STAT3. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248011. [PMID: 33662027 PMCID: PMC7932104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids are a type of disordered scar formation which not only show heterogeneity between individuals and within the scar itself, but also share common features of hyperproliferation, abnormal extra-cellular matrix deposition and degradation, as well as altered expression of the molecular markers of wound healing. Numerous reports have established that cells from keloid scars display Warburg metabolism—a form of JAK2/STAT3-induced metabolic adaptation typical of rapidly dividing cells in which glycolysis becomes the predominant source of ATP over oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Using the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib, along with cells from patients with STAT3 loss of function (STA3 LOF; autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome) we examined the role of JAK/STAT signaling in the hyperproliferation and metabolic dysregulation seen in keloid fibroblasts. Although ruxolitinib inhibited hyperactivity in the scratch assay in keloid fibroblasts, it paradoxically exacerbated the hyper-glycolytic state, possibly by further limiting OxPhos via alterations in mitochondrial phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3Ser727). In healthy volunteer fibroblasts, folic acid exposure recapitulated the exaggerated closure and hyper-glycolytic state of keloid fibroblasts through JAK1/2- and STAT3-dependent pathways. Although additional studies are needed before extrapolating from a representative cell line to keloids writ large, our results provide novel insights into the metabolic consequences of STAT3 dysfunction, suggest a possible role for folate metabolism in the pathogenesis of keloid scars, and offer in vitro pre-clinical data supporting considerations of clinical trials for ruxolitinib in keloid disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn J. McCann
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Manoj Yadav
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mohammadali E. Alishahedani
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alexandra F. Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ian A. Myles
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bharadwaj U, Kasembeli MM, Robinson P, Tweardy DJ. Targeting Janus Kinases and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 to Treat Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Cancer: Rationale, Progress, and Caution. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:486-526. [PMID: 32198236 PMCID: PMC7300325 DOI: 10.1124/pr.119.018440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Before it was molecularly cloned in 1994, acute-phase response factor or signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 was the focus of intense research into understanding the mammalian response to injury, particularly the acute-phase response. Although known to be essential for liver production of acute-phase reactant proteins, many of which augment innate immune responses, molecular cloning of acute-phase response factor or STAT3 and the research this enabled helped establish the central function of Janus kinase (JAK) family members in cytokine signaling and identified a multitude of cytokines and peptide hormones, beyond interleukin-6 and its family members, that activate JAKs and STAT3, as well as numerous new programs that their activation drives. Many, like the acute-phase response, are adaptive, whereas several are maladaptive and lead to chronic inflammation and adverse consequences, such as cachexia, fibrosis, organ dysfunction, and cancer. Molecular cloning of STAT3 also enabled the identification of other noncanonical roles for STAT3 in normal physiology, including its contribution to the function of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, its basal and stress-related adaptive functions in mitochondria, its function as a scaffold in inflammation-enhanced platelet activation, and its contributions to endothelial permeability and calcium efflux from endoplasmic reticulum. In this review, we will summarize the molecular and cellular biology of JAK/STAT3 signaling and its functions under basal and stress conditions, which are adaptive, and then review maladaptive JAK/STAT3 signaling in animals and humans that lead to disease, as well as recent attempts to modulate them to treat these diseases. In addition, we will discuss how consideration of the noncanonical and stress-related functions of STAT3 cannot be ignored in efforts to target the canonical functions of STAT3, if the goal is to develop drugs that are not only effective but safe. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Key biological functions of Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 signaling can be delineated into two broad categories: those essential for normal cell and organ development and those activated in response to stress that are adaptive. Persistent or dysregulated JAK/STAT3 signaling, however, is maladaptive and contributes to many diseases, including diseases characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis, and cancer. A comprehensive understanding of JAK/STAT3 signaling in normal development, and in adaptive and maladaptive responses to stress, is essential for the continued development of safe and effective therapies that target this signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddalak Bharadwaj
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine (U.B., M.M.K., P.R., D.J.T.), and Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology (D.J.T.), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Moses M Kasembeli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine (U.B., M.M.K., P.R., D.J.T.), and Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology (D.J.T.), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Prema Robinson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine (U.B., M.M.K., P.R., D.J.T.), and Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology (D.J.T.), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David J Tweardy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control & Employee Health, Division of Internal Medicine (U.B., M.M.K., P.R., D.J.T.), and Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology (D.J.T.), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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A STAT3 of Addiction: Adipose Tissue, Adipocytokine Signalling and STAT3 as Mediators of Metabolic Remodelling in the Tumour Microenvironment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041043. [PMID: 32331320 PMCID: PMC7226520 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic remodelling of the tumour microenvironment is a major mechanism by which cancer cells survive and resist treatment. The pro-oncogenic inflammatory cascade released by adipose tissue promotes oncogenic transformation, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and evasion of apoptosis. STAT3 has emerged as an important mediator of metabolic remodelling. As a downstream effector of adipocytokines and cytokines, its canonical and non-canonical activities affect mitochondrial functioning and cancer metabolism. In this review, we examine the central role played by the crosstalk between the transcriptional and mitochondrial roles of STAT3 to promote survival and further oncogenesis within the tumour microenvironment with a particular focus on adipose-breast cancer interactions.
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6
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m 6A methylation modulates adipogenesis through JAK2-STAT3-C/EBPβ signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:796-806. [PMID: 31295563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant internal mRNA modification in eukaryotes, plays a vital role in regulating adipogenesis. However, its underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we reveal that deletion of m6A demethylase FTO in porcine and mouse preadipocytes inhibits adipogenesis through JAK2-STAT3-C/EBPβ signaling. Mechanistically, FTO deficiency suppresses JAK2 expression and STAT3 phosphorylation, leading to attenuated transcription of C/EBPβ, which is essential for the early stage of adipocyte differentiation. Using dual-luciferase assay, we validate that knockdown of FTO reduces expression of JAK2 in an m6A-dependent manner. Furthermore, we find that m6A "reader" protein YTHDF2 directly targets m6A-modified transcripts of JAK2 and accelerates mRNA decay, which results in decreased JAK2 expression and inactivated JAK2-STAT3-C/EBPβ signaling, thereby inhibiting adipogenesis. Collectively, our results provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanism of m6A methylation in post-transcriptional regulation of JAK2-STAT3-C/EBPβ signaling axis and highlight the crucial role of m6A modification and its modulators in adipogenesis.
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7
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Qi W, Zhou L, Zhao T, Ding S, Xu Q, Han X, Zhao Y, Song X, Zhao T, Zhang X, Ye L. Effect of the TYK-2/STAT-3 pathway on lipid accumulation induced by mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 484:52-58. [PMID: 30660700 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), an important metabolite of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), can induce lipid metabolic disorder. Previous studies have shown that MEHP promotes 3T3-L1 cell differentiation; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of the TYK-2/STAT-3 pathway on lipid accumulation induced by MEHP. METHODS A 3T3-L1 precursor adipocyte differentiation model was exposed to MEHP. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), dexamethasone (DEX), and insulin were used to establish the 3T3-L1 precursor adipocyte differentiation model. Then the model cells were exposed to MEHP for 8 d. The lipid droplet formation in 3T3-L1 cells was determined with Oil-Red-O staining, and isopropyl alcohol was used to extract the lipid droplets for quantification. Flow cytometry was used to detect the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect mRNA expression, and western blotting was used to detect the expression of proteins encoded by TYK-2/STAT-3 pathway genes and adipogenesis-related genes. RESULTS MEHP treatment, compared with the control treatment, significantly promoted the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and increased the expression of STAT-3 mRNA and protein and P-STAT3 protein in the cells. In addition, MEHP down-regulated the phosphorylation of STAT-3 in mitochondria. MEHP was found to influence the mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ROS levels. CONCLUSION MEHP may affect adipocyte differentiation and lead to lipid accumulation through the TYK-2/STAT-3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianye Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Ding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaming Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyue Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyang Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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8
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Lee JH, Go Y, Lee B, Hwang YH, Park KI, Cho WK, Ma JY. The fruits of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. inhibits adipogenesis through modulation of mitotic clonal expansion and STAT3 activation in 3T3-L1 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 222:61-70. [PMID: 29689351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (G. sinensis) has been used in Oriental medicine for tumor, thrombosis, inflammation-related disease, and obesity. AIM OF THE STUDY The pharmacological inhibitory effects of fruits of G. sinensis (GFE) on hyperlipidemia have been reported, but its inhibitory effects on adipogenesis and underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. Herein we evaluated the anti-adipogenic effects of GFE and described the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of ethanol extracts of GFE on adipocyte differentiation were examined in 3T3-L1 cells using biochemical and molecular analyses. RESULTS During the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, GFE significantly reduced lipid accumulation and downregulated master adipogenic transcription factors, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, at mRNA and protein levels. These changes led to the suppression of several adipogenic-specific genes and proteins, including fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, and acetyl CoA carboxylase. However, the inhibitory effects of GFE on lipogenesis were only shown when GFE is treated in the early stage of adipogenesis within the first two days of differentiation. As a potential mechanism, during the early stages of differentiation, GFE inhibited cell proliferation by a decrease in the expression of DNA synthesis-related proteins and increased p27 expression and suppressed signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation induced in a differentiation medium. CONCLUSIONS GFE inhibits lipogenesis by negative regulation of adipogenic transcription factors, which is associated with GFE-mediated cell cycle arrest and STAT3 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Lee
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Younghoon Go
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Kwang Il Park
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea.
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Hu W, Lv J, Han M, Yang Z, Li T, Jiang S, Yang Y. STAT3: The art of multi-tasking of metabolic and immune functions in obesity. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 70:17-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Nan J, Hu H, Sun Y, Zhu L, Wang Y, Zhong Z, Zhao J, Zhang N, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ye J, Zhang L, Hu X, Zhu W, Wang J. TNFR2 Stimulation Promotes Mitochondrial Fusion via Stat3- and NF-kB-Dependent Activation of OPA1 Expression. Circ Res 2017. [PMID: 28637784 PMCID: PMC5542782 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Rationale: Mitochondria are important cellular organelles and play essential roles in maintaining cell structure and function. Emerging evidence indicates that in addition to having proinflammatory and proapoptotic effects, TNFα (tumor necrosis factor α) can, under certain circumstances, promote improvements in mitochondrial integrity and function, phenomena that can be ascribed to the existence of TNFR2 (TNFα receptor 2). Objective: The present study aimed to investigate whether and how TNFR2 activation mediates the effects of TNFα on mitochondria. Methods and Results: Freshly isolated neonatal mouse cardiac myocytes treated with shRNA targeting TNFR1 were used to study the effects of TNFR2 activation on mitochondrial function. Neonatal mouse cardiac myocytes exhibited increases in mitochondrial fusion, a change that was associated with increases in mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ATP levels, and oxygen consumption capacity. Importantly, TNFR2 activation–induced increases in OPA1 (optic atrophy 1) protein expression were responsible for the above enhancements, and these changes could be attenuated using siRNA targeting OPA1. Moreover, both Stat3 and RelA bound to the promoter region of OPA1 and their interactions synergistically upregulated OPA1 expression at the transcriptional level. Stat3 acetylation at lysine 370 or lysine 383 played a key role in the ability of Stat3 to form a supercomplex with RelA. Meanwhile, p300 modulated Stat3 acetylation in HEK293T (human embryonic kidney 293T) cells, and p300-mediated Stat3/RelA interactions played an indispensable role in OPA1 upregulation. Finally, TNFR2 activation exerted beneficial effects on OPA1 expression in an in vivo transverse aortic constriction model, whereby TNFR1-knockout mice exhibited better outcomes than in mice with both TNFR1 and TNFR2 knocked out. Conclusions: TNFR2 activation protects cardiac myocytes against stress by upregulating OPA1 expression. This process was facilitated by p300-mediated Stat3 acetylation and Stat3/RelA interactions, leading to improvements in mitochondrial morphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Nan
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengxun Hu
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Sun
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianlian Zhu
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhong
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya Wang
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ye
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Hu
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- From the Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology (J.N., H.H., Y.S., L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z., N.Z., Y.W., Y.W., J.Y., L.Z., X.H., W.Z., J.W.) and Clinical Research Center (L.Z., Y.W., Z.Z., J.Z.), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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11
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Meier JA, Hyun M, Cantwell M, Raza A, Mertens C, Raje V, Sisler J, Tracy E, Torres-Odio S, Gispert S, Shaw PE, Baumann H, Bandyopadhyay D, Takabe K, Larner AC. Stress-induced dynamic regulation of mitochondrial STAT3 and its association with cyclophilin D reduce mitochondrial ROS production. Sci Signal 2017; 10:eaag2588. [PMID: 28351946 PMCID: PMC5502128 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aag2588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is associated with various physiological and pathological functions, mainly as a transcription factor that translocates to the nucleus upon tyrosine phosphorylation induced by cytokine stimulation. In addition, a small pool of STAT3 resides in the mitochondria, where it serves as a sensor for various metabolic stressors including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrially localized STAT3 largely exerts its effects through direct or indirect regulation of the activity of the electron transport chain (ETC). It has been assumed that the amounts of STAT3 in the mitochondria are static. We showed that various stimuli, including oxidative stress and cytokines, triggered a signaling cascade that resulted in a rapid loss of mitochondrially localized STAT3. Recovery of the mitochondrial pool of STAT3 over time depended on phosphorylation of Ser727 in STAT3 and new protein synthesis. Under these conditions, mitochondrially localized STAT3 also became competent to bind to cyclophilin D (CypD). Binding of STAT3 to CypD was mediated by the amino terminus of STAT3, which was also important for reducing mitochondrial ROS production after oxidative stress. These results outline a role for mitochondrially localized STAT3 in sensing and responding to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Meier
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Moonjung Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Marc Cantwell
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Claudia Mertens
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vidisha Raje
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jennifer Sisler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Erin Tracy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sylvia Torres-Odio
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Suzana Gispert
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter E Shaw
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
| | - Heinz Baumann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Andrew C Larner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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12
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Mota de Sá P, Richard AJ, Hang H, Stephens JM. Transcriptional Regulation of Adipogenesis. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:635-674. [PMID: 28333384 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes are the defining cell type of adipose tissue. Once considered a passive participant in energy storage, adipose tissue is now recognized as a dynamic organ that contributes to several important physiological processes, such as lipid metabolism, systemic energy homeostasis, and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in its development and function is of great importance. Adipocyte differentiation is a highly orchestrated process which can vary between different fat depots as well as between the sexes. While hormones, miRNAs, cytoskeletal proteins, and many other effectors can modulate adipocyte development, the best understood regulators of adipogenesis are the transcription factors that inhibit or promote this process. Ectopic expression and knockdown approaches in cultured cells have been widely used to understand the contribution of transcription factors to adipocyte development, providing a basis for more sophisticated in vivo strategies to examine adipogenesis. To date, over two dozen transcription factors have been shown to play important roles in adipocyte development. These transcription factors belong to several families with many different DNA-binding domains. While peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is undoubtedly the most important transcriptional modulator of adipocyte development in all types of adipose tissue, members of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein, Krüppel-like transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription, GATA, early B cell factor, and interferon-regulatory factor families also regulate adipogenesis. The importance of PPARγ activity is underscored by several covalent modifications that modulate its activity and its ability to modulate adipocyte development. This review will primarily focus on the transcriptional control of adipogenesis in white fat cells and on the mechanisms involved in this fine-tuned developmental process. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:635-674, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mota de Sá
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Allison J Richard
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Hardy Hang
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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13
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Kramer AH, Kadye R, Houseman PS, Prinsloo E. Mitochondrial STAT3 and reactive oxygen species: A fulcrum of adipogenesis? JAKSTAT 2015; 4:e1084084. [PMID: 27127727 DOI: 10.1080/21623996.2015.1084084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The balance between cellular lineages can be controlled by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cellular differentiation into adipocytes is highly dependent on the production of ROS to initiate the process through activation of multiple interlinked factors that stimulate mitotic clonal expansion and cellular maturation. The signal transducer and activator of transcription family of signaling proteins have accepted roles in adipogenesis and associated lipogenesis. Non-canonical mitochondrial localization of STAT3 and other members of the STAT family however opens up new avenues for investigation of its role in the aforementioned processes. Following recent observations of differences in mitochondrially localized serine 727 phosphorylated STAT3 (mtSTAT3-pS727) in preadipocytes and adipocytes, here, we hypothesize and speculate further on the role of mitochondrial STAT3 in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Kramer
- Biotechnology Innovation Center; Rhodes University ; Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Rose Kadye
- Biotechnology Innovation Center; Rhodes University ; Grahamstown, South Africa
| | | | - Earl Prinsloo
- Biotechnology Innovation Center; Rhodes University ; Grahamstown, South Africa
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