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Tóth F, Moftakhar Z, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP. In Vitro Investigation of Therapy-Induced Senescence and Senescence Escape in Breast Cancer Cells Using Novel Flow Cytometry-Based Methods. Cells 2024; 13:841. [PMID: 38786063 PMCID: PMC11120107 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although cellular senescence was originally defined as an irreversible form of cell cycle arrest, in therapy-induced senescence models, the emergence of proliferative senescence-escaped cancer cells has been reported by several groups, challenging the definition of senescence. Indeed, senescence-escaped cancer cells may contribute to resistance to cancer treatment. Here, to study senescence escape and isolate senescence-escaped cells, we developed novel flow cytometry-based methods using the proliferation marker Ki-67 and CellTrace CFSE live-staining. We investigated the role of a novel senescence marker (DPP4/CD26) and a senolytic drug (azithromycin) on the senescence-escaping ability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Our results show that the expression of DPP4/CD26 is significantly increased in both senescent MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. While not essential for senescence induction, DPP4/CD26 contributed to promoting senescence escape in MCF-7 cells but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results also confirmed the potential senolytic effect of azithromycin in senescent cancer cells. Importantly, the combination of azithromycin and a DPP4 inhibitor (sitagliptin) demonstrated a synergistic effect in senescent MCF-7 cells and reduced the number of senescence-escaped cells. Although further research is needed, our results and novel methods could contribute to the investigation of the mechanisms of senescence escape and the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Indeed, DPP4/CD26 could be a promising marker and a novel target to potentially decrease senescence escape in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanni Tóth
- Translational Medicine, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (F.T.)
- The CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, 1090 Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zahra Moftakhar
- Translational Medicine, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (F.T.)
| | - Federica Sotgia
- Translational Medicine, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (F.T.)
| | - Michael P. Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; (F.T.)
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2
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Jubelin C, Muñoz-Garcia J, Ollivier E, Cochonneau D, Vallette F, Heymann MF, Oliver L, Heymann D. Identification of MCM4 and PRKDC as new regulators of osteosarcoma cell dormancy based on 3D cell cultures. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119660. [PMID: 38216092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Dormancy is a potential way for tumors to develop drug resistance and escape treatment. However, the mechanisms involved in cancer dormancy remain poorly understood. This is mainly because there is no in vitro culture model making it possible to spontaneously induce dormancy. In this context, the present work proposes the use of three-dimensional (3D) spheroids developed from osteosarcoma cell lines as a relevant model for studying cancer dormancy. MNNG-HOS, SaOS-2, 143B, MG-63, U2OS and SJSA-1 cell lines were cultured in 3D using the Liquid Overlay Technique (LOT). Dormancy was studied by staining cancer cells with a lipophilic dye (DiD), and long-term DiD+ cells were considered as dormant cancer cells. The role of the extracellular matrix in inducing dormancy was investigated by embedding cells into methylcellulose or Geltrex™. Gene expression of DiD+ cells was assessed with a Nanostring™ approach and the role of the genes detected in dormancy was validated by a transient down-expression model using siRNA treatment. Proliferation was measured using fluorescence microscopy and the xCELLigence technology. We observed that MNNG-HOS, 143B and MG-G3 cell lines had a reduced proliferation rate in 3D compared to 2D. U2OS cells had an increased proliferation rate when they were cultured in Geltrex™ compared to other 3D culture methods. Using 3D cultures, a transcriptomic signature of dormancy was obtained and showed a decreased expression of 18 genes including ETV4, HELLS, ITGA6, MCM4, PRKDC, RAD21 and UBE2T. The treatment with siRNA targeting these genes showed that cancer cell proliferation was reduced when the expression of ETV4 and MCM4 were decreased, whereas proliferation was increased when the expression of RAD21 was decreased. 3D culture facilitates the maintenance of dormant cancer cells characterized by a reduced proliferation and less differential gene expression as compared to proliferative cells. Further studies of the genes involved has enabled us to envisage their role in regulating cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jubelin
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000 Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab., 44805 Saint-Herblain, France; Atlantic Bone Screen, 44800 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Javier Muñoz-Garcia
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000 Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab., 44805 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Emilie Ollivier
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab., 44805 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Denis Cochonneau
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab., 44805 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - François Vallette
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab., 44805 Saint-Herblain, France; Nantes Université, INSERM, CRCI(2)NA, UMR1307, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Heymann
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000 Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab., 44805 Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Lisa Oliver
- Nantes Université, INSERM, CRCI(2)NA, UMR1307, 44000 Nantes, France; CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, 44000 Nantes, France; Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Tumor Heterogeneity and Precision Medicine Lab., 44805 Saint-Herblain, France; Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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Zhang S, Bai X, Li F, Ni C, Li Y, Che N, Zhao N, Zhao X, Liu T. UTP23 Functions in Breast Cancer Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis of Luminal a Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:e20-e30.e6. [PMID: 37880005 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luminal A breast cancer is the most common molecular subtype of breast cancer. Exploring biomarkers to identify luminal A breast cancer patients at high risk of recurrence and metastasis has important clinical significance. UTP23 is a component of ribosomal small-subunit processome, which is involved in ribosome synthesis and RNA maturation. The role of UTP23 in breast cancer has not been reported. METHODS TCGA-BRCA data, LinkedOmics, STRING, Metascape and ssGSEA were used to analyze UTP23 expression in breast cancer and evaluate prognosis. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and in vitro cell experiment were used to demonstrate the role of UTP23 in breast cancer. RESULTS UTP23 showed abnormally high expression in multiple cancers and was associated with poor prognosis. UTP23 was associated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, race, histological type, molecular subtypes and survival status in breast cancer. Importantly, UTP23 was significantly associated with poor OS in luminal A or early breast cancer, not in non-luminal A or advanced breast cancer. UTP23 expression was significantly correlated with immune cells infiltration. Enrichment analysis suggested that UTP23 might regulate cell cycle and cell division. Bioinformatics analysis showed DCAF13 might be downstream factor of UTP23. UTP23 expression promoted MCF-7 cells proliferation, migration and invasion possibly through regulating DCAF13 expression. CONCLUSIONS UTP23 may function in breast cancer progression. The elevated UTP23 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for luminal A or early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunsheng Ni
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Che
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tieju Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Wang Y, Zhu H, Xu H, Qiu Y, Zhu Y, Wang X. Senescence-related gene c-Myc affects bladder cancer cell senescence by interacting with HSP90B1 to regulate cisplatin sensitivity. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7408-7423. [PMID: 37433010 PMCID: PMC10457043 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with advanced bladder cancer gradually become less sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents, leading to tumor recurrence. Initiating the senescence program in solid tumors may be an important means of improving short-term drug sensitivity. The important role of c-Myc in bladder cancer cell senescence was determined using bioinformatics methods. The response to cisplatin chemotherapy in bladder cancer sample was analyzed according to the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, clone formation assay, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining were used to assess bladder cancer cell growth, senescence, and sensitivity to cisplatin, respectively. Western blot and immunoprecipitation were performed to understand the regulation of p21 by c-Myc/HSP90B1. Bioinformatic analysis showed that c-Myc, a cellular senescence gene, was significantly associated with bladder cancer prognosis and sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy. c-Myc and HSP90B1 expression were highly correlated in bladder cancer. Reducing the level of c-Myc significantly inhibited bladder cancer cell proliferation, promoted cellular senescence, and enhanced cisplatin chemosensitivity. Immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that HSP90B1 interacted with c-Myc. Western blot analysis showed that reducing the level of HSP90B1 could redeem the p21 overexpression caused by c-Myc overexpression. Further studies showed that reducing HSP90B1 expression could alleviate the rapid growth and accelerate cellular senescence of bladder cancer cells caused by c-Myc overexpression, and that reducing HSP90B1 levels could also improve cisplatin sensitivity in bladder cancer cells. HSP90B1/c-Myc interaction regulates the p21 signaling pathway, which affects cisplatin chemosensitivity by modulating bladder cancer cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University and Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Haixia Zhu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University and Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Haifei Xu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University and Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Yifan Qiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yonghong Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University and Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University and Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226361, China
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Cui R, Chen P, Wang Y, Lu R, Ji M, Hou P, Qu Y. Cohesin RAD21 Gene Promoter Methylation Correlated with Better Prognosis in Breast Cancer Patients. Cytogenet Genome Res 2022; 162:109-118. [PMID: 35654004 DOI: 10.1159/000524735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RAD21 plays multiple roles in numerous cancers. In breast cancer (BC), a high level of RAD21 correlates with poor disease outcomes and resistance to chemotherapy. However, data regarding RAD21 promoter methylation in BC tissue and its correlation with clinical outcomes in patients with BC remain limited. Here, we investigated the clinicopathological features associated with the methylation status of RAD21 in BC to figure out its possible role in pathogenesis and the formation of breast carcinogenesis. The methylation status of the RAD21 gene was significantly associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Cui
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Lu
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meiju Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Hou
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiping Qu
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Okuno R, Inoue Y, Hasebe Y, Igarashi T, Kawagishi-Hotta M, Yamada T, Hasegawa S. Genome-wide association studies in Japanese women identified genetic loci associated with wrinkles and sagging. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1411-1420. [PMID: 35587111 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wrinkles and sagging are caused by various factors, such as ultraviolet rays; however, recent findings demonstrated that some individuals are genetically predisposed to these phenotypes of skin aging. The contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to the development of wrinkles and sagging has been demonstrated in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, these findings were mainly obtained from European and Chinese populations. Limited information is currently available on the involvement of SNPs in the development of wrinkles and sagging in a Japanese population. Therefore, we herein performed GWAS on wrinkles at the outer corners of the eyes and nasolabial folds in 1041 Japanese women. The results obtained revealed that 5 SNPs (19p13.2: rs2303098 (p = 3.39×10-8 ), rs56391955 (p = 3.39×10-8 ), rs67560822 (p = 3.50×10-8 ), rs889126 (p = 3.78×10-8 ), rs57490083 (p = 3.99×10-8 )) located within the COL5A3 gene associated with wrinkles at the outer corners of the eyes. Regarding nasolabial folds, 8q24.11 (rs4876369; p = 1.05×10-7 , rs6980503; p = 1.25×10-7 , rs61027543; p = 1.25×10-7 , rs16889363; p = 1.38×10-7 ) was suggested to be associated with RAD21 gene expression. These SNPs have not been reported in other populations, and were first found in Japanese women population. These SNPs may be used as markers to examine the genetic predisposition of individuals to wrinkles and sagging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Okuno
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yu Inoue
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hasebe
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshio Igarashi
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mika Kawagishi-Hotta
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yamada
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Bondhopadhyay B, Sisodiya S, Kasherwal V, Nazir SU, Khan A, Tanwar P, Dil-Afroze, Singh N, Rasool I, Agrawal U, Rath G, Mehrotra R, Hussain S. The differential expression of Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) and retinoblastoma (RB1) genes in breast cancer. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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8
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Hegazy MEF, Dawood M, Mahmoud N, Elbadawi M, Sugimoto Y, Klauck SM, Mohamed N, Efferth T. 2α-Hydroxyalantolactone from Pulicaria undulata: activity against multidrug-resistant tumor cells and modes of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 81:153409. [PMID: 33341310 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sesquiterpene lactones having α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety are promising natural metabolites showing various biological activity. One of the major metabolites isolated from Pulicaria undulata, 2α-hydroxyalantolactone (PU-1), has not been investigated in detail yet. Multidrug resistance (MDR) represents a major obstacle for cancer chemotherapy and the capability of novel natural products to overcoming MDR is of great interest. PURPOSE Exploring the molecular modes of action for potent natural product metabolites. METHODS The resazurin reduction assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of PU-1 on sensitive and their corresponding drug-resistant cell lines (overexpressing P-glycoprotein, BCRP, ABCB5, ΔEGFR, or TP53 knockout). Gene expression profiling was performed by transcriptome-wide mRNA microarray in the human CCRF-CEM leukemic cells after treatment with PU-1. The top significantly up- or down-regulated genes were identified by Chipster program and analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. Finally, flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed for cell cycle analyses and apoptosis detection. RESULTS The sesquiterpene lactone, PU-1, showed potent cytotoxicity towards the drug-sensitive and -resistant cell lines. Transcriptome-wide mRNA expression profiling and pathway analysis pointed to genes involved in DNA damage response and G2/M cell cycle arrest. G2/M arrest was verified by flow cytometry and further confirmed by the upregulation of p21 and downregulation of p-CDC25C expression in Western blotting. Moreover, the suggested DNA damage checkpoint regulation was confirmed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting by upregulation of pS345 Chk1, p-H3 and γ-H2AX. Furthermore, PU-1 inhibited PI3K/AKT pathway, which is involved in signaling DNA damage and G2/M arrest. Cells ultimately induced apoptosis upon PU-1 treatment. CONCLUSIONS PU-1 is a potent natural product inhibiting otherwise drug-resistant human tumor cell growth through DNA damage, G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Elamir F Hegazy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Phytochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nuha Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed Elbadawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sabine M Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nagla Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Cervantes-Ayalc A, Ruiz Esparza-Garrido R, Velázquez-Flores MÁ. Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements 1 (LINE1): The chimeric transcript L1-MET and its involvement in cancer. Cancer Genet 2020; 241:1-11. [PMID: 31918342 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Long interspersed nuclear elements 1 (LINE1) are non-LTR retrotransposons that represent the greatest remodeling force of the human genome during evolution. Genomically, LINE1 are constituted by a 5´ untranslated region (UTR), where the promoter regions are located, three open reading frames (ORF0, ORF1, and ORF2) and one 3´UTR, which has a poly(A) tail that harbors the short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) Alu and SVA. Although the intrinsic nature of LINE1 is to be copied and inserted into the genome, an increase in their mobility produces genomic instability. In response to this, the cell has "designed" many mechanisms controlling the retrotransposition levels of LINE1; however, alterations in these regulation systems can increase LINE1 mobility and the formation of chimeric genes. Evidence indicates that 988 human genes have LINE1 inserted in their sequence, resulting in the transcriptional control of genes by their own promoters, as well as by the LINE1 antisense promoter (ASP). To date, very little is known about the biologic impact of this and the L1-MET chimera is a more or less studied case. ASP hypomethylation has been observed in all studied cancer types, leading to increased L1-MET expression. In specific types of cancer, this L1-MET increase controls both low and high MET protein levels. It remains to be clarified if this protein product is a chimeric protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cervantes-Ayalc
- Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México.
| | - Ruth Ruiz Esparza-Garrido
- Catedrática CONACyT, Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México; Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México.
| | - Miguel Ángel Velázquez-Flores
- Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX 06720, México; Laboratorio de RNAs no codificantes, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana del Hospital de Pediatría "Silvestre Frenk Freund", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico.
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10
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Xia L, Wang M, Li H, Tang X, Chen F, Cui J. The effect of aberrant expression and genetic polymorphisms of Rad21 on cervical cancer biology. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3393-3405. [PMID: 29797792 PMCID: PMC6051231 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic challenge of advanced, recurrent, and refractory cervical cancer (CC) needs to develop new molecularly targeted drugs. Rad21 is an important regulatory gene that maintains the correct dissociation of sister chromatids during cell mitosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Rad21 on CC. Rad21 expression in CC and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III was significantly increased. Women with the rs2289937 C genotype (CC+CT) of rs4570 and rs4579555 genotypes and haplotype 1 (TTTCAGGCGC) were significantly associated with CC risk, while women with low frequencies of haplotype 6 (TTTTAGGCGC) also increased the risk of CC.Rad21‐specific shRNA decreased cancerous cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased the proportion of cells in G2/M phase as well as sensitivity to radiation. The Rad21 influenced the expression of XPO1, CyclinB1, CDK1, P21, P27, and P53 through up‐and downregulating the Rad21 expression. The TCGA database of CC also showed that Rad21 expression was associated with poor disease survival and XPO1 expression. Moreover, the KEGG pathway indicated that Rad21 is broadly involved in the cell cycle and RNA transportation via XPO1. This suggests that Rad21 involves the development of cervical cancer possibly by participating in the regulation of cell cycle and the nuclear output of the tumor suppressor gene via XPO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minjie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital of Linying, Luohe, China
| | - Hongying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pingdingshan First People's Hospital of Henan Province, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Xiangjing Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinquan Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Ramos Silva C, Cabral FV, de Camargo CFM, Núñez SC, Mateus Yoshimura T, de Lima Luna AC, Maria DA, Ribeiro MS. Exploring the effects of low-level laser therapy on fibroblasts and tumor cells following gamma radiation exposure. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1157-1166. [PMID: 27322660 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) induces DNA damage and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been investigated to prevent or repair detrimental outcomes resulting from IR exposure. Few in vitro studies, however, explore the biological mechanisms underlying those LLLT benefits. Thus, in this work, fibroblasts and tumor cells are submitted to IR with doses of 2.5 Gy and 10 Gy. After twenty-four-h, the cells are exposed to LLLT with fluences of 30 J cm-2 , 90 J cm-2 , and 150 J cm-2 . Cellular viability, cell cycle phases, cell proliferation index and senescence are evaluated on days 1 and 4 after LLLT irradiation. For fibroblasts, LLLT promotes - in a fluence-dependent manner - increments in cell viability and proliferation, while a reduction in the senescence was observed. Regarding tumor cells, no influences of LLLT on cell viability are noticed. Whereas LLLT enhances cell populations in S and G2 /M cell cycle phases for both cellular lines, a decrease in proliferation and increase in senescence was verified only for tumor cells. Putting together, the results suggest that fibroblasts and tumor cells present different responses to LLLT following exposure to gamma-radiation, and these promising results should stimulate further investigations. Senescence of tumor cells and fibroblasts on the 4th day after ionizing radiation (IR) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) exposures. The number of senescent cells increased significantly for tumor cells (a) while for fibroblasts no increment was observed (b). The blue collor indicates senescence activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ramos Silva
- Nuclear Technology Postgraduate Program, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Optical Therapy (Center for Lasers and Applications/Nuclear and Energy Research Institute), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Viana Cabral
- Nuclear Technology Postgraduate Program, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Optical Therapy (Center for Lasers and Applications/Nuclear and Energy Research Institute), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Claudinei Francisco Morais de Camargo
- Nuclear Technology Postgraduate Program, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Optical Therapy (Center for Lasers and Applications/Nuclear and Energy Research Institute), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Silvia Cristina Núñez
- Laboratory of Optical Therapy (Center for Lasers and Applications/Nuclear and Energy Research Institute), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tania Mateus Yoshimura
- Nuclear Technology Postgraduate Program, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Optical Therapy (Center for Lasers and Applications/Nuclear and Energy Research Institute), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Arthur Cássio de Lima Luna
- Biochemistry and Biophysical Laboratory, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900, Brazil
- Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Durvanei Augusto Maria
- Biochemistry and Biophysical Laboratory, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900, Brazil
- Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martha Simões Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Optical Therapy (Center for Lasers and Applications/Nuclear and Energy Research Institute), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000, Brazil
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