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Zheng R, Wu X, Li S, Chen X, Yan D, He J. Mechanism Exploration on the Immunoregulation of Allogeneic Heart Transplantation Rejection in Rats With Exosome miRNA and Proteins From Overexpressed IDO1 BMSCs. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241245796. [PMID: 38629748 PMCID: PMC11025427 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241245796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoregulation and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) play pivotal roles in the rejection of allogeneic organ transplantation. This study aims to elucidate the immune-related functional mechanisms of exosomes (Exos) derived from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) overexpressing IDO1 in the context of allogeneic heart transplantation (HTx) rejection. A rat model of allogeneic HTx was established. Exos were extracted after transfection with oe-IDO1 and oe-NC from rat BMSCs. Exos were administered via the caudal vein for treatment. The survival of rats was analyzed, and reverse transcription qualitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were employed to detect the expression of related genes. Histopathological examination was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and flow cytometry was utilized to analyze T-cell apoptosis. Proteomics and RNA-seq analyses were performed on Exos. The data were subjected to functional enrichment analysis using the R language. A protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database, and miRWalk, TargetScan, and miRDB databases predicted the target genes, differentially expressed miRNAs, and transcription factors (TFs). Exos from BMSCs overexpressing IDO1 prolonged the survival time of rats undergoing allogeneic HTx. These Exos reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, mitigated myocardial damage, induced CD4 T-cell apoptosis, and alleviated transplantation rejection. The correlation between Exos from BMSCs overexpressing IDO1 and immune regulation was profound. Notably, 13 immune-related differential proteins (Anxa1, Anxa2, C3, Ctsb, Hp, Il1rap, Ntn1, Ptx3, Thbs1, Hspa1b, Vegfc, Dcn, and Ptpn11) and 10 significantly different miRNAs were identified. Finally, six key immune proteins related to IDO1 were identified through common enrichment pathways, including Thbs1, Dcn, Ptpn11, Hspa1b, Il1rap, and Vegfc. Thirteen TFs of IDO1-related key miRNAs were obtained, and a TF-miRNA-mRNA-proteins regulatory network was constructed. Exosome miRNA derived from BMSCs overexpressing IDO1 may influence T-cell activation and regulate HTx rejection by interacting with mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Department of Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Si Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xinhao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of MICU, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jigang He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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Husakova J, Echalar B, Kossl J, Palacka K, Fejfarova V, Dubsky M. The Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on the Characteristics and Functional Properties of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Peripheral Arterial Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1872. [PMID: 37509511 PMCID: PMC10377428 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic patients (DPs) with foot ulcers can receive autologous cell therapy (ACT) as a last therapeutic option. Even DPs who have undergone organ transplantation and are using immunosuppressive (IS) drugs can be treated by ACT. The aim of our study was to analyze the effects of IS drugs on the characteristics of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BM-MSCs). METHODS The cells were isolated from the bone marrow of DPs, cultivated for 14-18 days, and phenotypically characterized using flow cytometry. These precursor cells were cultured in the presence of various IS drugs. The impact of IS drugs on metabolic activity was measured using a WST-1 assay, and the expression of genes for immunoregulatory molecules was detected through RT-PCR. Cell death was analyzed through the use of flow cytometry, and the production of cytokines was determined by ELISA. RESULTS The mononuclear fraction of cultured cells contained mesenchymal stem cells (CD45-CD73+CD90+CD105+), myeloid angiogenic cells (CD45+CD146-), and endothelial colony-forming cells (CD45-CD146+). IS drugs inhibited metabolic activity, the expression of genes for immunoregulatory molecules, the production of cytokines, and the viability of the cells. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that IS drugs in a dose-dependent manner had a negative impact on the properties of BM-MSCs used to treat ischemic diabetic foot ulcers, and that these drugs could affect the therapeutic potential of BM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Husakova
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Echalar
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kossl
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Palacka
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimira Fejfarova
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dubsky
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
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Lepoittevin M, Giraud S, Kerforne T, Allain G, Thuillier R, Hauet T. How to improve results after DCD (donation after circulation death). Presse Med 2022; 51:104143. [PMID: 36216034 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2022.104143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The shortage of organs for transplantation has led health professionals to look for alternative sources of donors. One of the avenues concerns donors who have died after circulatory arrest. This is a special situation because the organs from these donors are exposed to warm ischaemia-reperfusion lesions that are unavoidable during the journey of the organs from the donor to the moment of transplantation in the recipient. We will address and discuss the key issues from the perspective of team organization, legislation and its evolution, and the ethical framework. In a second part, the avenues to improve the quality of organs will be presented following the itinerary of the organs between the donor and the recipient. The important moments from the point of view of therapeutic strategy will be put into perspective. New connections between key players involved in pathophysiological mechanisms and implications for innate immunity and injury processes are among the avenues to explore. Technological developments to improve the quality of organs from these recipients will be analyzed, such as perfusion techniques with new modalities of temperatures and oxygenation. New molecules are being investigated for their potential role in protecting these organs and an analysis of potential prospects will be proposed. Finally, the important perspectives that seem to be favored will be discussed in order to reposition the use of deceased donors after circulatory arrest. The use of these organs has become a routine procedure and improving their quality and providing the means for their evaluation is absolutely inevitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne Lepoittevin
- Unité UMR U1082, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Sébastien Giraud
- Unité UMR U1082, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Service de Biochimie, Pôle Biospharm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 2 rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Kerforne
- Unité UMR U1082, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Service de Réanimation Chirurgie Cardio-Thoracique et Vasculaire, Coordination des P.M.O., F-86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Géraldine Allain
- Unité UMR U1082, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Service de Chirurgie Cardiothoracique et Vasculaire, F-86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Raphaël Thuillier
- Unité UMR U1082, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Service de Biochimie, Pôle Biospharm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 2 rue de la Milétrie, CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- Unité UMR U1082, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire « Survival Optimization in Organ Transplantation », CHU de Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie - CS 90577, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France.
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Wang Z, Han Q, Wang J, Yao W, Wang L, Li K. Rapamycin induces autophagy and apoptosis in Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma primary cells in vitro. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:1274-1280. [PMID: 35428493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapamycin has been recommended to treat Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), but the underlying mechanism of the clinical effect has not been established. Therefore, we determined rapamycin cytotoxicity on KHE cells in vitro and the underlying mechanism. METHODS KHE primary cells were derived from a tumor specimen and treated with rapamycin. Immunofluorescence was applied to identify the cells. Cell viability was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry (FCM). Western blots (WB) were performed to determine phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p70 S6 kinase (S6K1), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), as well light chain 3 (LC3) expression. RESULTS Rapamycin inhibited the growth of KHE primary cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cell cycle progression was arrested in the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis was induced. WB results showed that LC3-II/I expression was significantly elevated in KHE primary cells treated with rapamycin, while the level of p-mTOR, p-S6K1, and p-4E-BP1 expression was reduced. LC3 fluorescent spots were increased in the rapamycin treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin inhibited KHE primary cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and autophagy, and blocked the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZuoPeng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilei Han
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - LiuHui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Nash A, Samoylova M, Leuthner T, Zhu M, Lin L, Meyer JN, Brennan TV. Effects of Immunosuppressive Medications on Mitochondrial Function. J Surg Res 2020; 249:50-57. [PMID: 31918330 PMCID: PMC7136143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive medications are widely used for the prevention of allograft rejection in transplantation and graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Despite their clinical utility, these medications are accompanied by multiple off-target effects, some of which may be mediated by their effects on mitochondria. METHODS We examined the effect of commonly used immunosuppressive reagents, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), cyclosporine A (CsA), rapamycin, and tacrolimus on mitochondrial function in human T-cells. T-cells were cultured in the presence of immunosuppressive medications in a range of therapeutic doses. After incubation, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptotic cell death were measured by flow cytometry after staining with DiOC6, MitoSOX Red, and Annexin V and 7-AAD, respectively. Increases in cytosolic cytochrome c were demonstrated by Western blot. T-cell basal oxygen consumption rates were measured using a Seahorse bioanalyzer. RESULTS T-cells demonstrated significant levels of mitochondrial depolarization after treatment with therapeutic levels of MMF but not after treatment with CsA, tacrolimus, or rapamycin. Only MMF induced T-cell ROS production and induced significant levels of apoptotic cell death that were associated with increased levels of cytosolic cytochrome c. MMF decreased T-cell basal oxygen consumption within its therapeutic range, and CsA demonstrated a trend toward this result. CONCLUSIONS The impairment of mitochondrial function by commonly used immunosuppressive reagents may impair T-cell differentiation and function by decreasing energy production, producing toxic ROS, and inducing apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Nash
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Mariya Samoylova
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tess Leuthner
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Minghua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Liwen Lin
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Todd V Brennan
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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Zaza G, Leventhal J, Signorini L, Gambaro G, Cravedi P. Effects of Antirejection Drugs on Innate Immune Cells After Kidney Transplantation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2978. [PMID: 31921213 PMCID: PMC6930910 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, our understanding of adaptive immune responses to solid organ transplantation increased considerably and allowed development of immunosuppressive drugs targeting key alloreactive T cells mechanism. As a result, rates of acute rejection dropped and short-term graft survival improved significantly. However, long-term outcomes are still disappointing. Recently, increasing evidence supports that innate immune responses plays roles in allograft rejection and represents a valuable target to further improve long-term allograft survival. Innate immune cells are activated by molecules with stereotypical motifs produced during injury (i.e., damage-associated molecular patterns, DAMPS) or infection (i.e., pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). Activated innate immune cells can exert direct pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, while also priming adaptive immune responses. These cells are activated after transplantation by multiple stimuli, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, rejection, and infections. Data from animal models of graft rejection, show that inhibition of innate immunity promotes development of tolerance. Therefore, understanding mechanisms of innate immunity is important to improve graft outcomes. This review discusses effects of currently used immunosuppressive agents on innate immune responses in kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jeremy Leventhal
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorenzo Signorini
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Cravedi
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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