1
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The Genes-Stemness-Secretome Interplay in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Molecular Dynamics and Clinical Hints. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043496. [PMID: 36834912 PMCID: PMC9963101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MPM has a uniquely poor somatic mutational landscape, mainly driven by environmental selective pressure. This feature has dramatically limited the development of effective treatment. However, genomic events are known to be associated with MPM progression, and specific genetic signatures emerge from the exceptional crosstalk between neoplastic cells and matrix components, among which one main area of focus is hypoxia. Here we discuss the novel therapeutic strategies focused on the exploitation of MPM genetic asset and its interconnection with the surrounding hypoxic microenvironment as well as transcript products and microvesicles representing both an insight into the pathogenesis and promising actionable targets.
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2
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Munson P, Shukla A. Potential Roles of Exosomes in the Development and Detection of Malignant Mesothelioma: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15438. [PMID: 36499762 PMCID: PMC9741247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a devastating cancer of mesothelial cells, caused by asbestos exposure. Limited knowledge regarding the detection of asbestos exposure and the early diagnosis of MM, as well as a lack of successful treatment options for this deadly cancer, project an immediate need to understand the mechanism(s) of MM development. With the recent discovery of nano-vesicles, namely exosomes, and their enormous potential to contain signature molecules representative of different diseases, as well as to communicate with distant targets, we were encouraged to explore their role(s) in MM biology. In this review, we summarize what we know so far about exosomes and MM based on our own studies and on published literature from other groups in the field. We expect that the information contained in this review will help advance the field of MM forward by revealing the mechanisms of MM development and survival. Based on this knowledge, future therapeutic strategies for MM can potentially be developed. We also hope that the outcome of our studies presented here may help in the detection of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arti Shukla
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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3
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Variant Enrichment Analysis to Explore Pathways Disruption in a Necropsy Series of Asbestos-Exposed Shipyard Workers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113628. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The variant enrichment analysis (VEA), a recently developed bioinformatic workflow, has been shown to be a valuable tool for whole-exome sequencing data analysis, allowing finding differences between the number of genetic variants in a given pathway compared to a reference dataset. In a previous study, using VEA, we identified different pathway signatures associated with the development of pulmonary toxicities in mesothelioma patients treated with radical hemithoracic radiation therapy. Here, we used VEA to discover novel pathways altered in individuals exposed to asbestos who developed or not asbestos-related diseases (lung cancer or mesothelioma). A population-based autopsy study was designed in which asbestos exposure was evaluated and quantitated by investigating objective signs of exposure. We selected patients with similar exposure to asbestos. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues were used as a source of DNA and whole-exome sequencing analysis was performed, running VEA to identify potentially disrupted pathways in individuals who developed thoracic cancers induced by asbestos exposure. By using VEA analysis, we confirmed the involvement of pathways considered as the main culprits for asbestos-induced carcinogenesis: oxidative stress and chromosome instability. Furthermore, we identified protective genetic assets preserving genome stability and susceptibility assets predisposing to a worst outcome.
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4
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Guo X, Wang S, Zhang J, Li R, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Kong Q, Cho WC, Ju X, Shen Y, Zhang L, Fan H, Cao J, Zheng Y. Proteomic profiling of serum extracellular vesicles identifies diagnostic markers for echinococcosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010814. [PMID: 36206314 PMCID: PMC9581430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease caused by the metacestodes of Echinococcus spp. The disease has a long latent period and is largely underdiagnosed, partially because of the lack of effective early diagnostic approaches. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we profiled the serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) of E. multilocularis-infected mice and identified three parasite-origin proteins, thioredoxin peroxidase 1 (TPx-1), transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase (TER ATPase), and 14-3-3, being continuously released by the parasites into the sera during the infection via EVs. Using ELISA, both TPx-1 and TER ATPase were shown to have a good performance in diagnosis of experimental murine echinococcosis as early as 10 days post infection and of human echinococcosis compared with that of control. Moreover, TER ATPase and TPx-1 were further demonstrated to be suitable for evaluation of the prognosis of patients with treatment. The present study discovers the potential of TER ATPase and TPx-1 as promising diagnostic candidates for echinococcosis. Echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease, is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases. Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus sensu latu are the causative agents responsible for alveolar echinococcosis and cystic echinococcosis, respectively. Alveolar echinococcosis is mainly endemic in the areas of the northern hemisphere, whereas cystic echinococcosis has a worldwide distribution. The disease has a long latent period of up to 5 to 10 years and is largely underdiagnosed, partially due to the lack of effective early diagnostic approaches. In recent years, an emerging role of EVs in intercellular communication and diagnosis has been recognized. Here, we employed a proteomic approach to identify parasite-derived proteins in the serum EVs from E. multilocularis-infected mice and assessed their diagnostic values. This study signify the role of EVs for the identification of diagnostic candidates by the discovery of two identified proteins, TER ATPas and TPX-1. First results indicate their diagnostic and prognostic values in experimental murine and human echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaola Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (JC); (YZ)
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong’e Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Qingming Kong
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, School of Biological Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xianghong Ju
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yujuan Shen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China; Shanghai, China
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease Research, Xining, China
| | - Haining Fan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease Research, Xining, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China; Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (JC); (YZ)
| | - Yadong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (JC); (YZ)
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5
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Extracellular Vesicles in Organ Fibrosis: Mechanisms, Therapies, and Diagnostics. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071596. [PMID: 34202136 PMCID: PMC8305303 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the unrelenting deposition of excessively large amounts of insoluble interstitial collagen due to profound matrigenic activities of wound-associated myofibroblasts during chronic injury in diverse tissues and organs. It is a highly debilitating pathology that affects millions of people globally and leads to decreased function of vital organs and increased risk of cancer and end-stage organ disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced within the chronic wound environment have emerged as important vehicles for conveying pro-fibrotic signals between many of the cell types involved in driving the fibrotic response. On the other hand, EVs from sources such as stem cells, uninjured parenchymal cells, and circulation have in vitro and in vivo anti-fibrotic activities that have provided novel and much-needed therapeutic options. Finally, EVs in body fluids of fibrotic individuals contain cargo components that may have utility as fibrosis biomarkers, which could circumvent current obstacles to fibrosis measurement in the clinic, allowing fibrosis stage, progression, or regression to be determined in a manner that is accurate, safe, minimally-invasive, and conducive to repetitive testing. This review highlights the rapid and recent progress in our understanding of EV-mediated fibrotic pathogenesis, anti-fibrotic therapy, and fibrosis staging in the lung, kidney, heart, liver, pancreas, and skin.
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6
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Anastasi F, Greco F, Dilillo M, Vannini E, Cappello V, Baroncelli L, Costa M, Gemmi M, Caleo M, McDonnell LA. Proteomics analysis of serum small extracellular vesicles for the longitudinal study of a glioblastoma multiforme mouse model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20498. [PMID: 33235327 PMCID: PMC7686310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal analysis of disease models enables the molecular changes due to disease progression or therapeutic intervention to be better resolved. Approximately 75 µl of serum can be drawn from a mouse every 14 days. To date no methods have been reported that are able to analyze the proteome of small extracellular vesicles (sEV’s) from such low serum volumes. Here we report a method for the proteomics analysis of sEV's from 50 µl of serum. Two sEV isolation procedures were first compared; precipitation based purification (PPT) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The methodological comparison confirmed that SEC led to purer sEV’s both in terms of size and identified proteins. The procedure was then scaled down and the proteolytic digestion further optimized. The method was then applied to a longitudinal study of serum-sEV proteome changes in a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) mouse model. Serum was collected at multiple time points, sEV’s isolated and their proteins analyzed. The protocol enabled 274 protein groups to be identified and quantified. The longitudinal analysis revealed 25 deregulated proteins in GBM serum sEV's including proteins previously shown to be associated with GBM progression and metastasis (Myh9, Tln-1, Angpt1, Thbs1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Anastasi
- NEST Laboratories, Scuola Normale Superiore, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, 56107, San Giuliano Terme, PI, Italy
| | - Francesco Greco
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, 56107, San Giuliano Terme, PI, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marialaura Dilillo
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, 56107, San Giuliano Terme, PI, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vannini
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Cappello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Baroncelli
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56018, Calambrone, PI, Italy
| | - Mario Costa
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Caleo
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 335122, Padua, Italy
| | - Liam A McDonnell
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, 56107, San Giuliano Terme, PI, Italy.
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7
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Alkoussa S, Hulo S, Courcot D, Billet S, Martin PJ. Extracellular vesicles as actors in the air pollution related cardiopulmonary diseases. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:402-423. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1763252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Alkoussa
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Sébastien Hulo
- IMPact of Environmental ChemicalS on Human Health, ULR 4483 - IMPECS, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Occupational Health, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Sylvain Billet
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Perrine J. Martin
- Unit of Environmental Chemistry and Interactions with Life, UCEIV EA4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS, University of Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France
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8
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Ahmadzada T, Kao S, Reid G, Clarke S, Grau GE, Hosseini-Beheshti E. Extracellular vesicles as biomarkers in malignant pleural mesothelioma: A review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 150:102949. [PMID: 32330840 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are secreted by all cells, including cancer cells, as a mode of intercellular transport and communication. The main types of EV known to date include exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, as well as oncosomes and large oncosomes, which are specific to cancer cells. These different EV populations carry specific cargo from one cell to another to stimulate a specific response. They can be found in all body fluids and can be detected in liquid biopsies. EV released from mesothelioma cells can reveal important information about the molecules and signalling pathways involved in the development and progression of the tumour. The presence of tumour-derived EV in circulating body fluids makes them potential novel biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognostication and surveillance of cancer. In this review, we explore the characteristics and functional roles of EV reported in the literature, with a focus on their role in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamkin Ahmadzada
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Steven Kao
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Clarke
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Georges E Grau
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Elham Hosseini-Beheshti
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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9
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Munson PB, Hall EM, Farina NH, Pass HI, Shukla A. Exosomal miR-16-5p as a target for malignant mesothelioma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11688. [PMID: 31406207 PMCID: PMC6690928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an asbestos-induced cancer arising on the mesothelial surface of organ cavities. MM is essentially incurable without a means of early diagnosis and no successful standard of care. These facts indicate a deep chasm of knowledge that needs to be filled. Our group recently delved into MM tumor biology from the perspective of exosome-contained microRNAs (miRNAs). We discovered that the most abundant miRNAs in MM cancer exosomes were tumor suppressors, particularly miR-16-5p. This observation lead us to hypothesize that MM cells preferentially secreted tumor-suppressor miRNAs via exosomes. Through separate avenues of potential therapeutic advance, we embarked on an innovative strategy to kill MM tumor cells. We employed small molecule inhibitors to block exosome secretion, thereby reducing miR-16-5p exosome loss and replenishing cellular miR-16-5p leading to reduced tumorigenic capacity and miR-16-5p target oncoproteins CCND1 and BCL2. Additionally, we force-fed MM tumor exosomes back to MM tumor cells, which led to cell death, and a reduction in the same oncoproteins. We recapitulated these results with direct transfection of miR-16-5p, confirmed that this is a cancer-cell specific effect, and elucidated a part of the miR-16-5p mechanism of exosome loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip B Munson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.,University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Hall
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Nicholas H Farina
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.,University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Harvey I Pass
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, 9V New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Arti Shukla
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA. .,University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont, College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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10
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Harischandra DS, Ghaisas S, Zenitsky G, Jin H, Kanthasamy A, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy AG. Manganese-Induced Neurotoxicity: New Insights Into the Triad of Protein Misfolding, Mitochondrial Impairment, and Neuroinflammation. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:654. [PMID: 31293375 PMCID: PMC6606738 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational or environmental exposure to manganese (Mn) can lead to the development of "Manganism," a neurological condition showing certain motor symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease (PD). Like PD, Mn toxicity is seen in the central nervous system mainly affecting nigrostriatal neuronal circuitry and subsequent behavioral and motor impairments. Since the first report of Mn-induced toxicity in 1837, various experimental and epidemiological studies have been conducted to understand this disorder. While early investigations focused on the impact of high concentrations of Mn on the mitochondria and subsequent oxidative stress, current studies have attempted to elucidate the cellular and molecular pathways involved in Mn toxicity. In fact, recent reports suggest the involvement of Mn in the misfolding of proteins such as α-synuclein and amyloid, thus providing credence to the theory that environmental exposure to toxicants can either initiate or propagate neurodegenerative processes by interfering with disease-specific proteins. Besides manganism and PD, Mn has also been implicated in other neurological diseases such as Huntington's and prion diseases. While many reviews have focused on Mn homeostasis, the aim of this review is to concisely synthesize what we know about its effect primarily on the nervous system with respect to its role in protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, and consequently, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Based on the current evidence, we propose a 'Mn Mechanistic Neurotoxic Triad' comprising (1) mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, (2) protein trafficking and misfolding, and (3) neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshan S Harischandra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Shivani Ghaisas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Gary Zenitsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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11
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Li W, Lu Y, Yu X, Yong M, Ma D, Gao Q. Detection of exosomal tyrosine receptor kinase B as a potential biomarker in ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6361-6369. [PMID: 30304550 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a lethal disease diagnosed at advanced stages due to the lack of specific biomarkers. Tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB), which has recently been found to be related to OC progression, represents a promising potential biomarker for OC diagnosis and prognosis. The discovery of circulating exosomes as biomarkers for various diseases led us to explore exosomal TrkB in OC. Our previous study proved that the expression of TrkB was elevated in OC tissues. In this study, we focused on the detection of exosomal TrkB in OC. Exosomes were first gathered from three different OC cell lines' conditioned medium, serum samples of patients with OC as well as xenograft mice serum by serial centrifugation method. Then, we identified exosomes by transmission electron microscopy, NanoSight analysis, and expression of typical exosomal protein markers. The existence of TrkB in exosomes was measured by Western blot analysis, and the expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In this study, we demonstrated that exosomes could derive from OC cell lines, serum from OC xenograft nude mice, and clinical patients. Our study shows that serum exosomal TrkB may be considered a minimally invasive biomarker for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunhui Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Medical University Affiliated Dalian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Medical University Affiliated Dalian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Minjie Yong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningxia Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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