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Afsharmanesh MR, Mohammadi Z, Mansourian AR, Jafari SM. A Review of micro RNAs changes in T2DM in animals and humans. J Diabetes 2023; 15:649-664. [PMID: 37329278 PMCID: PMC10415875 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications have become a crucial public health concern in the world. According to the literature, chronic inflammation and the progression of T2DM have a close relationship. Accumulated evidence suggests that inflammation enhances the insulin secretion lost by islets of Langerhans and the resistance of target tissues to insulin action, which are two critical features in T2DM development. Based on recently highlighted research that plasma concentration of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 are elevated in insulin-resistant and T2DM, and it raises novel question marks about the processes causing inflammation in both situations. Over the past few decades, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short, noncoding RNA molecules, have been discovered to be involved in the regulation of inflammation, insulin resistance, and T2DM pathology. These noncoding RNAs are specifically comprised of RNA-induced silencing complexes and regulate the expression of specific protein-coding genes through various mechanisms. There is extending evidence that describes the expression profile of a special class of miRNA molecules altered during T2DM development. These modifications can be observed as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of T2DM and related diseases. In this review study, after reviewing the possible mechanisms involved in T2DM pathophysiology, we update recent information on the miRNA roles in T2DM, inflammation, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Azad Reza Mansourian
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Seyyed Mehdi Jafari
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
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Shahrokhi SZ, Saeidi L, Sadatamini M, Jafarzadeh M, Rahimipour A, Kazerouni F. Can miR-145-5p be used as a marker in diabetic patients? Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1175-1180. [PMID: 32412315 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1762657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the light of emerging global epidemics of type 2 diabetes mellitus significant efforts are continuing to discover novel biomarkers for early detection of the disease. Since miRNAs play an important role in both the initiation and progress of many pathologic processes such as diabetes, in this study we aimed to evaluate expression level of plasma miR-145-5p in diabetics and pre-diabetics in comparison to the control group and assess its use as a biomarker in diagnosis of T2D. The plasma level of miR-145-5p was assessed in three groups including 20 prediabetic patients, 20 T2D patients and 20 healthy controls using RT-qPCR. Biochemical parameters were also measured by the auto-analyzer. Expression level of miR-145-5p was down-regulated in the prediabetics and the T2D patients compared to the controls. In the control group miR-145-5p showed a borderline correlation with FBS (p = .06), while in the prediabetic group miR-145 showed a significant negative correlation with FBS and finally in the T2D patients miR-145 was negatively correlated with HbA1c and TC and showed a negative borderline correlation with FBS. The ROC analysis indicated a significant ability for miR-145-5p in discriminating between the diabetics and pre-diabetics from the healthy subjects. Our results demonstrated that the miR-145-5p expression level is deregulated in the diabetics and the prediabetics. Furthermore miR-145-5p displayed a significant ability to discriminate the diabetics from the healthy subjects. These results suggest that miR-145-5p may be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Shahrokhi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Saeidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mirsaber Sadatamini
- Shohada Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Jafarzadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rahimipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faranak Kazerouni
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hu L, Zhang T, Ma H, Pan Y, Wang S, Liu X, Dai X, Zheng Y, Lee LP, Liu F. Discovering the Secret of Diseases by Incorporated Tear Exosomes Analysis via Rapid-Isolation System: iTEARS. ACS NANO 2022; 16:11720-11732. [PMID: 35856505 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale small extracellular vesicles (sEVs, exosomes) in tears allow us to investigate the multisignatures of diseases. However, the translations of tear sEVs for biomarker discovery and clinical diagnostics are practically limited by low recovery, long processing time, and small sample volume. Here, we report an incorporated tear-exosomes analysis via rapid-isolation system (iTEARS) via nanotechnology to discover the secrets of ocular disorders and systemic diseases. We isolate exosomes rapidly with high yield and purity from a few teardrops (∼10 μL) within 5 min via nanoporous membrane-based resonators for the quantitative detection and biomarker discovery through proteomic and transcriptomic analysis. We have identified 904 proteins, among which 228 proteins are discovered, 426 proteins are detected from exosomes of dry eye disease, and demonstrate CALML5, KRT6A, and S100P for the classification of dry eye disease. We have also investigated 484 miRNAs in tear exosomes and show miR-145-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-218-5p, and miR-9-5p are dysregulated during diabetic retinopathy development. We believe iTEARS can be used for improving molecular diagnostics via tears to identify ocular disorders, systemic diseases, and numerous other neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hu
- Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Huixiang Ma
- Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Youjin Pan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Siyao Wang
- Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiaodan Dai
- Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yuyang Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Luke P Lee
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Fei Liu
- Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou 325001, China
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Miao R, Fang X, Wei J, Wu H, Wang X, Tian J. Akt: A Potential Drug Target for Metabolic Syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 13:822333. [PMID: 35330934 PMCID: PMC8940245 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.822333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase Akt, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), is one of the key factors regulating glucose and lipid energy metabolism, and is the core focus of current research on diabetes and metabolic diseases. Akt is mostly expressed in key metabolism-related organs and it is activated in response to various stimuli, including cell stress, cell movement, and various hormones and drugs that affect cell metabolism. Genetic and pharmacological studies have shown that Akt is necessary to maintain the steady state of glucose and lipid metabolism and a variety of cellular responses. Existing evidence shows that metabolic syndrome is related to insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders. Based on a large number of studies on Akt-related pathways and reactions, we believe that Akt can be used as a potential drug target to effectively treat metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahua Wei
- Graduate College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxing Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wei L, Shi J. Insight Into Rho Kinase Isoforms in Obesity and Energy Homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:886534. [PMID: 35769086 PMCID: PMC9234286 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.886534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and associated complications increasingly jeopardize global health and contribute to the rapidly rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity-related diseases. Developing novel methods for the prevention and treatment of excess body adipose tissue expansion can make a significant contribution to public health. Rho kinase is a Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (Rho kinase or ROCK). The ROCK family including ROCK1 and ROCK2 has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Up-regulated ROCK activity has been involved in the pathogenesis of all aspects of metabolic syndrome including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The RhoA/ROCK-mediated actin cytoskeleton dynamics have been implicated in both white and beige adipogenesis. Studies using ROCK pan-inhibitors in animal models of obesity, diabetes, and associated complications have demonstrated beneficial outcomes. Studies via genetically modified animal models further established isoform-specific roles of ROCK in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders including obesity. However, most reported studies have been focused on ROCK1 activity during the past decade. Due to the progress in developing ROCK2-selective inhibitors in recent years, a growing body of evidence indicates more attention should be devoted towards understanding ROCK2 isoform function in metabolism. Hence, studying individual ROCK isoforms to reveal their specific roles and principal mechanisms in white and beige adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, energy balancing regulation, and obesity development will facilitate significant breakthroughs for systemic treatment with isoform-selective inhibitors. In this review, we give an overview of ROCK functions in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance with a particular focus on the current understanding of ROCK isoform signaling in white and beige adipogenesis, obesity and thermogenesis in adipose tissue and other major metabolic organs involved in energy homeostasis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wei
- *Correspondence: Lei Wei, ; Jianjian Shi,
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Matboli M, Kamel MM, Essawy N, Bekhit MM, Abdulrahman B, Mohamed GF, Eissa S. Identification of Novel Insulin Resistance Related ceRNA Network in T2DM and Its Potential Editing by CRISPR/Cas9. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158129. [PMID: 34360895 PMCID: PMC8348752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is derived from an accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. In this study, we aimed to construct Insilco, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network linked to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance followed by its experimental validation in patients’, matched control and cell line samples, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9 as a potential therapeutic strategy to modulate the expression of this deregulated network. By applying bioinformatics tools through a two-step process, we identified and verified a ceRNA network panel of mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNA related to insulin resistance, Then validated the expression in clinical samples (123 patients and 106 controls) and some of matched cell line samples using real time PCR. Next, two guide RNAs were designed to target the sequence flanking LncRNA/miRNAs interaction by CRISPER/Cas9 in cell culture. Gene editing tool efficacy was assessed by measuring the network downstream proteins GLUT4 and mTOR via immunofluorescence. Results: LncRNA-RP11-773H22.4, together with RET, IGF1R and mTOR mRNAs, showed significant upregulation in T2DM compared with matched controls, while miRNA (i.e., miR-3163 and miR-1) and mRNA (i.e., GLUT4 and AKT2) expression displayed marked downregulation in diabetic samples. CRISPR/Cas9 successfully knocked out LncRNA-RP11-773H22.4, as evidenced by the reversal of the gene expression of the identified network at RNA and protein levels to the normal expression pattern after gene editing. Conclusions: The present study provides the significance of this ceRNA based network and its related target genes panel both in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and as a therapeutic target for gene editing in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Marwa Mostafa Kamel
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Nada Essawy
- Institut Pasteur, CEDEX 15, 75724 Paris, France;
| | - Meram Mohamed Bekhit
- Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, School of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Basant Abdulrahman
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Ghada F. Mohamed
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Sanaa Eissa
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.E.)
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Kaur P, Kotru S, Singh S, Behera BS, Munshi A. Role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of T2DM, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and β cell dysfunction: the story so far. J Physiol Biochem 2020; 76:485-502. [PMID: 32749641 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-020-00760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes, the most common endocrine disorder, also known as a silent killer disease, is characterized by uncontrolled hyperglycemia. According to the International Diabetes Federation, there were 451 million people with diabetes mellitus worldwide in 2017. It is a multifactorial syndrome caused by genetic as well as environmental factors. Noncoding RNAs, especially the miRNAs, play a significant role in the development as well as the progression of the disease. This is on account of insulin resistance or defects in β cell function. Various miRNAs including miR-7, miR-9, miR-16, miR-27, miR-24, miR-29, miR-124a, miR-135, miR-130a, miR-144, miR-181a, and miR-375 and many more have been associated with insulin resistance and other pathogenic conditions leading to the development of the disease. These miRNAs play significant roles in various pathways underlying insulin resistance such as PI3K, AKT/GSK, and mTOR. The main target genes of these miRNAs are FOXO1, FOXA2, STAT3, and PTEN. The miRNAs carry out important functions in insulin target tissues like the adipose tissue, liver, and muscle. MiRNAs miR-9, miR-375, and miR-124a, are also associated with the secretion of insulin from pancreatic cells. There is an interplay between the miRNAs and pancreatic cell growth, especially the miRNAs affecting development and proliferation of these cells. Most of the miRNAs target more than one gene which not only justifies their use as biomarkers but also their therapeutic potential. The current review has been compiled with an aim to discuss the role of various miRNAs involved in various pathogenic mechanisms including insulin resistance, insulin secretion, and the β cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhsimran Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Sushil Kotru
- Max Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity Care Centre, Max Superspeciality Hospital, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Bidwan Sekhar Behera
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India.
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Identifying potential functional lncRNAs in metabolic syndrome by constructing a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. J Hum Genet 2020; 65:927-938. [PMID: 32690864 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-0753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of interrelated risk factors including diabetes mellitus, abdominal obesity, high cholesterol, and hypertension, which can significantly increase mortality and disability. Accumulating evidence suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of human metabolic diseases. However, little is known about the regulatory role of lncRNAs in MS. In this work, we proposed a method for identifying potential MS-associated lncRNAs by constructing an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network (LMMN). Firstly, we constructed LMMN by integrating MS-associated genes, miRNA-mRNA interactions, miRNA-lncRNA interactions and mRNA/miRNA expression profiles in patients with MS. Then, we predicted potential MS-associated lncRNAs based on the topological properties of LMMN. As a result, we identified XIST as the most important lncRNA in LMMN. Furthermore, we focused on XIST/miR-214-3p and mir-181a-5p/PTEN axis and validated their expression in MS using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of XIST and PTEN was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) while the expression of miR-214-3p was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with MS, compared with healthy controls. In addition, correlation analysis showed that XIST was negatively correlated with serum C peptide and PTEN was positively correlated with BMI of MS patients. Our findings provided new evidence for further exploring the regulatory role of XIST and other lncRNAs in MS.
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Aghaei Zarch SM, Dehghan Tezerjani M, Talebi M, Vahidi Mehrjardi MY. Molecular biomarkers in diabetes mellitus (DM). Med J Islam Repub Iran 2020; 34:28. [PMID: 32617267 PMCID: PMC7320976 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.34.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing epidemic metabolic syndrome, which affects near 5.6% of the world's population. Almost 12% of health expenditure is dedicated to this disorder. Discovering and developing biomarkers as a practical guideline with high specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of DM is one of the subjects of great interest among DM researchers due to the long-lasting asymptomatic clinical manifestation of DM. In this study, we described a recently identified molecular biomarker involved in DM. Methods: This review study was done at the Diabetes Research Center affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched using the following keywords: "diabetes mellitus", "biomarker", "microRNA", "diagnostic tool" and "clinical manifestation." Results: A total of 107 studies were finally included in this review. After evaluating numerous articles, including original, metaanalysis, and review studies, we focused on molecular biomarkers involved in DM diagnosis and management. Conclusion: Increasing interest in biomarkers associated with DM goes back to its role in decreasing diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. This review focused on major molecular biomarkers such as proteomic and microRNA (miRNAs) as novel and interesting DM biomarkers that can help achieve timely diagnosis of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masoud Dehghan Tezerjani
- Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Cheng F, Yuan G, He J, Shao Y, Zhang J, Guo X. Aberrant expression of miR-214 is associated with obesity-induced insulin resistance as a biomarker and therapeutic. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:18. [PMID: 32093712 PMCID: PMC7041268 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) in obesity is associated with the occurrence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Dipepidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) plays a pivotal role during the development of IR, and was found to be a target gene of microRNA-214 (miR-214) in our study. This study sought to assess the expression and clinical value of miR-214 in obese patients with IR, and investigate its therapeutic potential in obese rats and adipocytes with IR. METHODS Serum expression of miR-214 in obese patients with or without IR was estimated by quantitative real-time-PCR. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-214 in the patients. Obesity-induced IR animal and cell models were constructed, and the therapeutic ability of miR-214 was explored. RESULTS Serum expression of miR-214 was decreased in obese patients compared with the healthy controls, and the lowest expression was observed in the cases with IR. Downregulation of miR-214 was significantly correlated with the serum DPP4 levels and HOMA-IR of the patients upon IR conditions, and was demonstrated to perform diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing obese patients with IR from those without IR. In obesity-associated IR animal and cell models, the downregulation of miR-214 was also been detected. According to the measurement of glucose and insulin tolerance and glucose uptake abilities, we found that the overexpression of miR-214 could be used to alleviate IR in the IR models, especially when collaboratively used with DPP4 inhibitor vildagliptin. CONCLUSION All data revealed that miR-214, as a regulator of DPP4, is decreased in obese patients with IR and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. The upregulation of miR-214 could improve IR in obese rats and adipocytes, indicating that miR-214 has the therapeutic potential for obesity and IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiao Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Geheng Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Jiao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Baoding First Central Hispital, Baoding, 071000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yimin Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Bai Y, Bao X, Jiang G, Ge D, He W, Zhao D, Zhang Y, Dong R, Hua J, Yang N, Mo F, Gao S. Jiang Tang Xiao Ke Granule Protects Hepatic Tissue of Diabetic Mice Through Modulation of Insulin and Ras Signaling - A Bioinformatics Analysis of MicroRNAs and mRNAs Network. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:173. [PMID: 32210802 PMCID: PMC7067923 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of JTXK granule on the miRNA expression profiles in hepatic tissue of diabetic mice, and to explore the molecular targets and associated signaling pathways of JTXK granule in its anti-diabetic effect. METHODS Eight mice were randomly selected as normal group fed with chow diet. Then high fat diet was used to induce diabetic model, and the mice were subsequently divided into JTXK-treated group (J group, n = 6) and model group (M group, n = 6). After 8 weeks' intervention we examined the fasting blood glucose and observed the histopathologic changes in hepatic tissue between these two groups. Next we screened the differentially expressed miRNAs between the two groups using microRNA sequencing analysis. Finally, miRNA target gene prediction, GO and KEGG analysis were applied to explore the function of DEMs. RESULTS The blood glucose level in J group was significantly lower than M group (P < 0.05). The results from H&E staining showed that the arrangement and structure of hepatocytes from J group were basically normal with fewer ballooning degeneration and less inflammatory cell infiltration. Furthermore, a total of 33 significantly differentiated miRNAs were detected in comparison between the two groups (| log2(fold change) | >0.3, P < 0.05). MiRNA-mRNA analysis showed that mmu-miR-30a-5p, mmu-miR-23b-5p, mmu-miR-199a-5p, mmu-miR-425-5p, and mmu-miR-214-3p are closely related to inflammatory response, histological changes and insulin signal transduction in liver. In addition, KEGG analysis showed that the DEMs were closely related to Ras and insulin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION JTXK granule exerts anti-diabetic effect in hepatic tissue of diabetic mice by modulating miRNAs and mRNAs network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyu Ge
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weipeng He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of City Management, Beijing Open University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijuan Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fangfang Mo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fangfang Mo,
| | - Sihua Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Sihua Gao,
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12
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Monfared YK, Honardoost M, Sarookhani MR, Farzam SA. Circulating miR-135 May Serve as a Novel Co-biomarker of HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 191:623-630. [PMID: 31833019 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a reliable marker of insulin resistance in normal glucose tolerance patients; however, several physiological, environmental, and genetic factors may affect HbA1c and cause false results. Therefore, it is essential to use new biomarkers due to increasing diabetes predictive value. Recently, it has been indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes, particularly, in insulin resistance pathways. Therefore, miRNAs have the potential to be introduced as new glycemic control biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between plasma level of miRNA-135a and HbA1c in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. In this case-control study, 120 samples were enrolled (healthy individuals, people with type 2 diabetes, and prediabetes) and HbA1c and miR-135a expression level in their plasma samples were evaluated. Multinomial logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were conducted to assess the diagnostic accuracy of plasma miR-135a in T2D , prediabetes, and healthy control groups. Data analysis indicated that miR-135a was significantly elevated in both diabetes/prediabetes samples. Then, subjects were reclassified based on the calculated cutoff value of miRNA. Logistic Regression analysis showed that an increased level of miRNA positively correlated with HbA1c level in prediabetes (Adjusted OR = 1.14, p value = 0.033) and diabetic status (Adjusted OR = 1.27, p value = 0.024 ). miR-135 may provide an assistant marker for HbA1c to detect type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Khazaei Monfared
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Honardoost
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, No 10, Firoozeh St., Vali-asr Sq, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Seyed Amir Farzam
- Anatomical and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Shu Z, Tan J, Miao Y, Zhang Q. The role of microvesicles containing microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7933-7945. [PMID: 31576661 PMCID: PMC6850938 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that endothelial dysfunction is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The endothelium is one of the primary targets of circulating microvesicles. Besides, microRNAs emerge as important regulators of endothelial cell function. As a delivery system of microRNAs, microvesicles play an active and important role in regulating vascular endothelial function. In recent years, some studies have shown that microvesicles containing microRNAs regulate the pathophysiological changes in vascular endothelium, such as cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and inflammation. These studies have provided some clues for the possible roles of microvesicles and microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction‐associated diseases, and opened the door towards discovering potential novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of the main characteristics of microvesicles and microRNAs, summarizing their potential role and mechanism in endothelial dysfunction, and discussing the clinical application and existing problems of microvesicles for better translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Shu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
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14
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MicroRNAs as Regulators of Insulin Signaling: Research Updates and Potential Therapeutic Perspectives in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123705. [PMID: 30469501 PMCID: PMC6321520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin signaling pathway is composed of a large number of molecules that positively or negatively modulate insulin specific signal transduction following its binding to the cognate receptor. Given the importance of the final effects of insulin signal transduction, it is conceivable that many regulators are needed in order to tightly control the metabolic or proliferative functional outputs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that negatively modulate gene expression through their specific binding within the 3′UTR sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA), thus causing mRNA decoy or translational inhibition. In the last decade, miRNAs have been addressed as pivotal cellular rheostats which control many fundamental signaling pathways, including insulin signal transduction. Several studies demonstrated that multiple alterations of miRNAs expression or function are relevant for the development of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D); such alterations have been highlighted in multiple insulin target organs including liver, muscles, and adipose tissue. Indirectly, miRNAs have been identified as modulators of inflammation-derived insulin resistance, by controlling/tuning the activity of innate immune cells in insulin target tissues. Here, we review main findings on miRNA functions as modulators of insulin signaling in physiologic- or in T2D insulin resistance- status. Additionally, we report the latest hypotheses of prospective therapies involving miRNAs as potential targets for future drugs in T2D.
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