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Wei H, Ren H. Precision treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 585:216636. [PMID: 38278471 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor comprising pancreatic cancer cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, vascular epithelial cells, and other cells in the mesenchymal tissue. PDAC is difficult to treat because of the complexity of the tissue components; therefore, achieving therapeutic effects with a single therapeutic method or target is problematic. Recently, precision therapy has provided new directions and opportunities for treating PDAC using genetic information from an individual's disease to guide treatment. It selects and applies appropriate therapeutic methods for each patient, with an aim to minimize medical damage and costs, while maximizing patient benefits. Molecular targeted therapy is effective in most clinical studies; however, it has been ineffective in large-scale randomized controlled trials of PDAC, mainly because the enrolled populations were not stratified on a molecular basis. Molecular stratification allows the identification of the PDAC population being treated, optimizing therapeutic effect. However, a systematic review of precision therapies for patients with highly heterogeneous PDAC backgrounds has not been conducted. Here, we review the molecular background and current potential therapeutic targets related to PDAC and provide new directions for PDAC precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China.
| | - He Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China.
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2
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Lv H, Liu L, He Y, Yang K, Fu Y, Bao Y. Role of hippo pathway and cuproptosis-related genes in immune infiltration and prognosis of skin cutaneous melanoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1344755. [PMID: 38515849 PMCID: PMC10955143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1344755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer with an increasing incidence. Cuproptosis is the most recently identified copper-dependent form of cell death that relies on mitochondrial respiration. The hippocampal (Hippo) pathway functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating Yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ) activity. However, its role in cuproptosis remains unknown. In addition, the correlation of cuproptosis-related genes and Hippo pathway-related genes with tumor prognosis warrants further investigation. In the present study, we explored the correlation of cuproptosis-related genes and Hippo pathway-related genes with the prognosis of melanoma through analysis of data from a public database and experimental verification. We found eight Hippo pathway-related genes that were downregulated in melanoma and exhibited predictive value for prognosis. There was a significant positive correlation between cuproptosis-related genes and Hippo pathway-related genes in skin cutaneous melanoma. YAP1 expression was positively correlated with ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) expression in the GSE68599 dataset and A2058 cells. Moreover, YAP1 was positively and negatively correlated with M2 macrophages and regulatory T cell infiltration, respectively. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the prognostic value of Hippo pathway-related genes (particularly YAP1) in melanoma, revealing the correlation between the expression of Hippo pathway-related genes and immune infiltration. Thus, the present findings may provide new clues on the prognostic assessment of patients with melanoma and a new target for the immunotherapy of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhen Lv
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexi He
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingqiu Bao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Guo F, Kan K, Rückert F, Rückert W, Li L, Eberhard J, May T, Sticht C, Dirks WG, Reißfelder C, Pallavi P, Keese M. Comparison of Tumour-Specific Phenotypes in Human Primary and Expandable Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13530. [PMID: 37686338 PMCID: PMC10488093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing need for patient-specific chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Tumour cells isolated from human tissues can be used to predict patients' response to chemotherapy. However, the isolation and maintenance of pancreatic cancer cells is challenging because these cells become highly vulnerable after losing the tumour microenvironment. Therefore, we investigated whether the cells retained their original characteristics after lentiviral transfection and expansion. Three human primary pancreatic cancer cell lines were lentivirally transduced to create expandable (Ex) cells which were then compared with primary (Pri) cells. No obvious differences in the morphology or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were observed between the primary and expandable cell lines. The two expandable cell lines showed higher proliferation rates in the 2D and 3D models. All three expandable cell lines showed attenuated migratory ability. Differences in gene expression between primary and expandable cell lines were then compared using RNA-Seq data. Potential target drugs were predicted by differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and differentially expressed pathways (DEPs) related to tumour-specific characteristics such as proliferation, migration, EMT, drug resistance, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. We found that the two expandable cell lines expressed similar chemosensitivity and redox-regulatory capability to gemcitabine and oxaliplatin in the 2D model as compared to their counterparts. In conclusion, we successfully generated expandable primary pancreatic cancer cell lines using lentiviral transduction. These expandable cells not only retain some tumour-specific biological traits of primary cells but also show an ongoing proliferative capacity, thereby yielding sufficient material for drug response assays, which may provide a patient-specific platform for chemotherapy drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Kejia Kan
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix Rückert
- Surgical Department, Diakonissen Krankenhaus Speyer, 67346 Speyer, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Rückert
- Ingenieurbüro Dr. Ing. Rückert Data Analysis, Kirchweg 4, 57647 Nistertal, Germany;
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Eberhard
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Tobias May
- InSCREENeX GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Next Generation Sequencing Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Wilhelm G. Dirks
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ, German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Christoph Reißfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Prama Pallavi
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (F.G.); (K.K.); (L.L.); (J.E.); (C.R.)
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Keese
- European Center of Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Theresienkrankenhaus, 68165 Mannheim, Germany
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4
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Safaei S, Sajed R, Shariftabrizi A, Dorafshan S, Saeednejad Zanjani L, Dehghan Manshadi M, Madjd Z, Ghods R. Tumor matrix stiffness provides fertile soil for cancer stem cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:143. [PMID: 37468874 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02992-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix stiffness is a mechanical characteristic of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that increases from the tumor core to the tumor periphery in a gradient pattern in a variety of solid tumors and can promote proliferation, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare subpopulation of tumor cells with self-renewal, asymmetric cell division, and differentiation capabilities. CSCs are thought to be responsible for metastasis, tumor recurrence, chemotherapy resistance, and consequently poor clinical outcomes. Evidence suggests that matrix stiffness can activate receptors and mechanosensor/mechanoregulator proteins such as integrin, FAK, and YAP, modulating the characteristics of tumor cells as well as CSCs through different molecular signaling pathways. A deeper understanding of the effect of matrix stiffness on CSCs characteristics could lead to development of innovative cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss how the stiffness of the ECM is sensed by the cells and how the cells respond to this environmental change as well as the effect of matrix stiffness on CSCs characteristics and also the key malignant processes such as proliferation and EMT. Then, we specifically focus on how increased matrix stiffness affects CSCs in breast, lung, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. We also discuss how the molecules responsible for increased matrix stiffness and the signaling pathways activated by the enhanced stiffness can be manipulated as a therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Safaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Roya Sajed
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shariftabrizi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shima Dorafshan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Leili Saeednejad Zanjani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Masoumeh Dehghan Manshadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
| | - Roya Ghods
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
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Peña-Flores JA, Enríquez-Espinoza D, Muela-Campos D, Álvarez-Ramírez A, Sáenz A, Barraza-Gómez AA, Bravo K, Estrada-Macías ME, González-Alvarado K. Functional Relevance of the Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA Regulator of Reprogramming (Linc-ROR) in Cancer Proliferation, Metastasis, and Drug Resistance. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:ncrna9010012. [PMID: 36827545 PMCID: PMC9965135 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is responsible for more than 10 million deaths every year. Metastasis and drug resistance lead to a poor survival rate and are a major therapeutic challenge. Substantial evidence demonstrates that an increasing number of long non-coding RNAs are dysregulated in cancer, including the long intergenic non-coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming (linc-ROR), which mostly exerts its role as an onco-lncRNA acting as a competing endogenous RNA that sequesters micro RNAs. Although the properties of linc-ROR in relation to some cancers have been reviewed in the past, active research appends evidence constantly to a better comprehension of the role of linc-ROR in different stages of cancer. Moreover, the molecular details and some recent papers have been omitted or partially reported, thus the importance of this review aimed to contribute to the up-to-date understanding of linc-ROR and its implication in cancer tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance. As the involvement of linc-ROR in cancer is elucidated, an improvement in diagnostic and prognostic tools could promote and advance in targeted and specific therapies in precision oncology.
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A Cuproptosis-Related lncRNAs Signature Could Accurately Predict Prognosis in Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:4673514. [PMID: 36588797 PMCID: PMC9800904 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4673514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of kidney cancers. As cuproptosis, a new cell death mechanism proposed recently, differs from all other known mechanisms regulating cell death, we aimed to create prognostic markers using cuproptosis-related long non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs; lncRNAs) and elucidate the molecular mechanism. Methods Data from transcriptome RNA sequencing of ccRCC samples and the relevant clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and Pearson's correlation analysis was implemented to obtain the cuproptosis-related lncRNAs. Then, univariate Cox, multivariate Cox, and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Cox analyses were performed to construct the risk signatures. The cuproptosis-related lncRNAs predictive signature was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curves and subgroup analysis. Finally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA), tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and immune checkpoints were performed to explore the relationship between immunity and patient prognosis. Results Five cuproptosis-related lncRNAs, including FOXD2-AS1, LINC00460, AC091212.1, AC007365.1, and AC026401.3, were used to construct the signature. In the training and test sets, low-risk groups (as identified by a risk score lower than the median) demonstrated a better prognosis with an area under the curve for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival being 0.793, 0.716, and 0.719, respectively. GSEA analysis suggested significant enrichment of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and metabolism-related pathways in the low-risk group. Besides, both ssGSEA and TIME suggested that the high-risk group exhibited more active immune infiltration. Conclusion We proposed a cuproptosis-related lncRNAs signature, which had the potential for prognoses and prediction. Our findings might contribute to elucidating potential genomic biomarkers and targets for future therapies in the cuproptosis-related signaling pathways.
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Wen X, Wu Y, Lou Y, Xia Y, Yu X. The roles of Linc-ROR in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Transl Oncol 2022; 28:101602. [PMID: 36535192 PMCID: PMC9791587 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be a kind of tumor cell population characterized by self-renewal, easy to metastasize and drug resistance, which play an indispensable role in the occurrence, development, metastasis and drug resistance of tumors, and their existence is an important reason for high metastasis and recurrence of tumors. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), which are more than 200 nucleotides in length, have a close relationship with the malignant progression of cancer.In recent years, abundant studies have reavling that LncRNAs are beneficial to the regulation of various cancer stem cells. Linc-ROR, as a newly discovered intergenic non-protein-coding RNA in recent years, is considered to be a key regulator affecting the development of human tumors. Dysregulation of Linc-ROR is related to stemness phenotype and functional regulation of cancer stem cells. For that, Linc-ROR has the potential to be used as a diagnostic biomarker for cancer patients and can serve as a clinically meaningful potential therapeutic target. In this review, we generalize the existing research results on the important role of Linc-ROR in regulation of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wen
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003,China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003,China
| | - Yanhui Lou
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003,China..
| | - Yufang Xia
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003,China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003,China
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Yao J, Gao R, Luo M, Li D, Guo L, Yu Z, Xiong F, Wei C, Wu B, Xu Z, Zhang D, Wang J, Wang L. Exosomal LINC00460/miR-503-5p/ANLN positive feedback loop aggravates pancreatic cancer progression through regulating T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and PD-1 checkpoint. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:390. [PMID: 36482354 PMCID: PMC9733079 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00460 is an onco-lncRNA in a variety of cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study is aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of LINC00460 in PC. METHODS The tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 73 PC patients. The expression of LINC00460, miR-503-5p, and ANLN was detected using qRT-PCR. We then analyzed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis/cell cycle of PC cells by performing the MTT/EdU, transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The xenograft tumor model were utilized to confirm the effect of LINC00460 knockdown on PC through anti-PD-1 therapy in vivo, and the sensitivity of PANC-1 cells to the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells in vitro. Western blotting was used to determine the protein levels. A co-culture model was utilized to explore the effects of exosomes on macrophages. RESULTS LINC00460 was up-regulated in PC tissues and cells. LINC00460 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, facilitated cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest, and inhibited the tumor growth through anti-PD-1 therapy. Both miR-503-5p down-regulation and ANLN up-regulation reversed the effects of LINC00460 knockdown on inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion, and on promoting the apoptosis, G0/G1 phase arrest, and the sensitivity of PC cells to the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells. Exosomes were uptaken by the ambient PC cells. PANC-1 cells-derived exosomal LINC00460-induced M2 macrophage polarization accelerates the cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS LINC00460 silencing attenuates the development of PC by regulating the miR-503-5p/ANLN axis and exosomal LINC00460-induced M2 macrophage polarization accelerates the migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells, thus LINC00460 may act as a possible therapeutic target for treating PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Ruoyu Gao
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Minghan Luo
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Defeng Li
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Liliangzi Guo
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Zichao Yu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Feng Xiong
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Cheng Wei
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Benhua Wu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Zhenglei Xu
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
| | - Jianyao Wang
- grid.452787.b0000 0004 1806 5224Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, No. 7019, Yitian Road Road, Shenzhen City, 518026 Guangdong Province China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- grid.258164.c0000 0004 1790 3548Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Municipal People’s Hospital, No. 1017, East Gate Road, Shenzhen City, 518020 Guangdong Province China
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Tumor-derived exosomal lincRNA ROR promotes angiogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 66:101868. [PMID: 36183926 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are expressed aberrantly in several malignancies, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), where linc-ROR expression was found to be elevated. Being a hallmark of malignant tumors, angiogenesis has prompted us to investigate the impact of linc-ROR on NPC angiogenesis. This study demonstrates that linc-ROR is substantially expressed in serum exosomes from NPC and can be taken up by HUVECs. Using qRT-PCR, the CCK8 test, the transwell migration assay, the wound healing assay, and the tube formation assay, we demonstrated that linc-ROR increases proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in vitro. Similar to prior research, our results have shown that linc-ROR can stimulate tumor angiogenesis in the zebrafish model. Thus, the p-AKT/p-VEGFR2 pathway is the mechanism by which linc-ROR affects the aforementioned biological activities. By stimulating angiogenesis, linc-ROR appears to play a significant role in the course of NPC and could account for a therapeutic target.
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10
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Sharma U, Tuli HS, Uttam V, Choudhary R, Sharma B, Sharma U, Prakash H, Jain A. Role of Hedgehog and Hippo signaling pathways in cancer: A special focus on non-coding RNAs. Pharmacol Res 2022; 186:106523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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SOX2-Induced Linc-ROR Upregulation Inhibits Gastric Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Metastasis Via the miR-580-3p/ANXA10 Pathway. Biochem Genet 2022; 61:1113-1127. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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12
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Li Y, Xiong JB, Jie ZG, Xiong H. Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta gene as a tumour suppressor in stomach adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1069875. [PMID: 36518312 PMCID: PMC9743170 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1069875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the most common type of gastric cancer. In this study, the functions and potential mechanisms of hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta (HADHB) in STAD were explored. METHODS Different bioinformatics analyses were performed to confirm HADHB expression in STAD. HADHB expression in STAD tissues and cells was also evaluated using western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Further, the viability, proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle determination, migration, and wound healing capacity were assessed, and the effects of HADHB on tumour growth, cell apoptosis, and proliferation in nude mice were determined. The upstream effector of HADHB was examined using bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay. GSEA was also employed for pathway enrichment analysis and the expression of Hippo-YAP pathway-related proteins was detected. RESULTS The expression of HADHB was found to be low in STAD tissues and cells. The upregulation of HADHB distinctly repressed the viability, proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, and wound healing of HGC27 cells, while knockdown of HADHB led to opposite effects. HADHB upregulation impeded tumour growth and cell proliferation, and enhanced apoptosis in nude mice. KLF4, whose expression was low in STAD, was identified as an upstream regulator of HADHB. KLF4 upregulation abolished the HADHB knockdown-induced tumour promoting effects in AGS cells. Further, HADHB regulates the Hippo-YAP pathway, which was validated using a pathway rescue assay. Low expression of KLF4 led to HADHB downregulation in STAD. CONCLUSION HADHB might function as a tumour suppressor gene in STAD by regulation the Hippo-YAP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian-Bo Xiong
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Jie
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Institute of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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13
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Sato H, Hara T, Tatekawa S, Sasaki K, Kobayashi S, Kitagawa T, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Ogawa K, Uchida S, Ishii H. Emerging roles of long noncoding and circular RNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1025923. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1025923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An international project on the human genome revealed that various RNAs (e.g., messenger RNAs, microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs] and their subclass circular RNA [circRNA)) are involved in the pathogenesis of different human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have highlighted the critical roles of lncRNAs and circRNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), especially in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, a phenomenon regulating cancer metastasis. Growing research in this field has indicated that the tertiary structure of lncRNAs supposedly regulates biological function via RNA–RNA or RNA–protein associations, aiding early diagnosis and therapy selection for various diseases, including cancer. Here we describe the emerging roles of ncRNAs in PDAC and highlight how these ncRNAs can be used to detect and control this intractable cancer.
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Long Noncoding RNAs and Circular RNAs Regulate AKT and Its Effectors to Control Cell Functions of Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192940. [PMID: 36230902 PMCID: PMC9563963 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AKT serine-threonine kinase (AKT) and its effectors are essential for maintaining cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial morphogenesis (fission/fusion), ferroptosis, necroptosis, DNA damage response (damage and repair), senescence, and migration of cancer cells. Several lncRNAs and circRNAs also regulate the expression of these functions by numerous pathways. However, the impact on cell functions by lncRNAs and circRNAs regulating AKT and its effectors is poorly understood. This review provides comprehensive information about the relationship of lncRNAs and circRNAs with AKT on the cell functions of cancer cells. the roles of several lncRNAs and circRNAs acting on AKT effectors, such as FOXO, mTORC1/2, S6K1/2, 4EBP1, SREBP, and HIF are explored. To further validate the relationship between AKT, AKT effectors, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, more predicted AKT- and AKT effector-targeting lncRNAs and circRNAs were retrieved from the LncTarD and circBase databases. Consistently, using an in-depth literature survey, these AKT- and AKT effector-targeting database lncRNAs and circRNAs were related to cell functions. Therefore, some lncRNAs and circRNAs can regulate several cell functions through modulating AKT and AKT effectors. This review provides insights into a comprehensive network of AKT and AKT effectors connecting to lncRNAs and circRNAs in the regulation of cancer cell functions.
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15
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Xie W, Chu M, Song G, Zuo Z, Han Z, Chen C, Li Y, Wang ZW. Emerging roles of long noncoding RNAs in chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 83:303-318. [PMID: 33207266 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the world due to the lack of early symptoms, metastasis occurrence and chemoresistance. Therefore, early diagnosis by detection of biomarkers, blockade of metastasis, and overcoming chemoresistance are the effective strategies to improve the survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Accumulating evidence has revealed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) play essential roles in modulating chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancer. In this review article, we will summarize the role of lncRNAs in drug resistance of pancreatic cancer cells, including HOTTIP, HOTAIR, PVT1, linc-ROR, GAS5, UCA1, DYNC2H1-4, MEG3, TUG1, HOST2, HCP5, SLC7A11-AS1 and CASC2. We also highlight the function of circRNAs, such as circHIPK3 and circ_0000284, in regulation of drug sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, we describe a number of compounds, including curcumin, genistein, resveratrol, quercetin, and salinomycin, which may modulate the expression of lncRNAs and enhance chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancers. Therefore, targeting specific lncRNAs and cicrRNAs could contribute to reverse chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells. We hope this review might stimulate the studies of lncRNAs and cicrRNAs, and develop the new therapeutic strategy via modulating these noncoding RNAs to promote chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangkai Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Man Chu
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gendi Song
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyi Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Chenbin Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yuyun Li
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Ma Y, Di Y, Li Q, Zhan Q, He X, Liu S, Zou H, Corpe C, Chen L, Wang J. LncRNAs as epigenetic regulators of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:61. [PMID: 35819532 PMCID: PMC9276894 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality because of tumor metastasis. Activation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway has been confirmed to be an important driver of pancreatic cancer progression from initiation to metastasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to exert essential physiological functions in pancreatic cancer progression by regulating the EMT program. In this review, we have summarized the role of EMT-related lncRNAs in human pancreatic cancer and the potential molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs can be vital epigenetic regulators of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Specifically, EMT-activating transcription factors (EMT-TFs) regulate EMT via TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, and JAK/STAT pathways. In addition, the interaction between lncRNAs and HIF-1α and m6A RNA methylation also have an impact on tumor metastasis and EMT in pancreatic cancer. This review will provide insights into lncRNAs as promising biomarkers for tumor metastasis and potential therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Di
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyue Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilin Zhan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng He
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zou
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Christopher Corpe
- King's College London, Nutritional Science Department, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE19NH, UK
| | - Litian Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Yang X, Qin C, Zhao B, Li T, Wang Y, Li Z, Li T, Wang W. Long Noncoding RNA and Circular RNA: Two Rising Stars in Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:910678. [PMID: 35719940 PMCID: PMC9204003 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.910678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant tumor with especially poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of pancreatic oncogenesis and malignant progression are not fully elucidated. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process is important to drive pancreatic carcinogenesis. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs(circRNAs) have been characterized to participate in EMT in PDAC, which can affect the migration and invasion of tumor cells by playing important roles in epigenetic processes, transcription, and post-transcriptional regulation. LncRNAs can act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) to sequester target microRNAs(miRNAs), bind to the genes which localize physically nearby, and directly interact with EMT-related proteins. Currently known circRNAs mostly regulate the EMT process in PDAC also by acting as a miRNA sponge, directly affecting the protein degradation process. Therefore, exploring the functions of lncRNAs and circRNAs in EMT during pancreatic cancer might help pancreatic cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Yang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bangbo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zeru Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Li X, Liu W, Tao W. LINC00174 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in renal clear cell carcinoma by regulating miR-612/FOXM1 axis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:746-756. [PMID: 35616230 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2082303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common pathological subtype of kidney tumor. Reportedly, LINC00174 is a key regulator in cancer progression. This study aims to clarify the role and molecular mechanism of LINC00174 in the progression of KIRC. METHODS LINC00174 expression in KIRC and its prognostic value were analyzed by bioinformatics. LINC00174, miR-612 and FOXM1 mRNA expression levels in KIRC clinical samples and cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR. After LINC00174 was overexpressed or knocked down, CCK-8, BrdU and Transwell assays were adopted to evaluate the proliferation and metastatic potential of KIRC cells. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter assays were employed to validate the targeting relationship between miR-612 and LINC00174 or FOXM1 mRNA, respectively. Western blot assay was performed to detect FOXM1 protein expression in KIRC cells. RESULTS LINC00174 expression and FOXM1 expression were up-regulated in 42 cases of KIRC tissues (P < 0.001), while miR-612 expression was down-regulated (P < 0.001). LINC00174 overexpression or miR-612 inhibitor promoted the viability and proliferation of KIRC cells (P < 0.01). Migration and invasion of KIRC cells were promoted when the cells were transfected with LINC00174 overexpression or miR-612 inhibitor (P < 0.05). LINC00174 can competitively bind with miR-612 to repress the expression of miR-612, in turn up-regulate the expression of FOXM1 mRNA. CONCLUSION LINC00174 facilitates the proliferation and metastatic potential of KIRC cells via regulating the miR-612/FOXM1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Li
- Department of Urology, Yangtze River Shipping General Hospital, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Urology, Yangtze River Shipping General Hospital, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, China
| | - Weixiong Tao
- Department of Urology, Yangtze River Shipping General Hospital, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, China
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Long Non-Coding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Biologic Functions, Mechanisms, and Clinical Significance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092115. [PMID: 35565245 PMCID: PMC9100048 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous efforts devoted to research in pancreatic cancer (PC), the mechanism underlying the tumorigenesis and progression of PC is still not completely clear. Additionally, ideal biomarkers and satisfactory therapeutic strategies for clinical application in PC are still lacking. Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) might participate in the pathogenesis of diverse cancers, including PC. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs in PC is considered a vital factor during tumorigenesis that affects tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. With this review of relevant articles published in recent years, we aimed to summarize the biogenesis mechanism, classifications, and modes of action of lncRNAs and to review the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in PC. Additionally, the clinical significance of lncRNAs in PC was discussed. Finally, we pointed out the questions remaining from recent studies and anticipated that further investigations would address these gaps in knowledge in this field.
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20
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Long non-coding ROR promotes the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma through regulation of the TESC/ALDH1A1/TUBB3/PTEN axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:157. [PMID: 35173149 PMCID: PMC8850450 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroidal carcinoma (PTC) is a common endocrine cancer that plagues people across the world. The potential roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in PTC have gained increasing attention. In this study, we aimed to explore whether lncRNA ROR affects the progression of PTC, with the involvement of tescalcin (TESC)/aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1A1 (ALDH1A1)/βIII-tubulin (TUBB3)/tensin homolog (PTEN) axis. PTC tumor and adjacent tissues were obtained, followed by measurement of lncRNA ROR and TESC, ALDH1A1, and TUBB3 expression. Interactions among lncRNA ROR, TESC, ALDH1A1, TUBB3, and PTEN were evaluated by ChIP assay, RT-qPCR, or western blot analysis. After ectopic expression and depletion experiments in PTC cells, MTT and colony formation assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell viability and colony formation, cell migration and invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. In addition, xenograft in nude mice was performed to test the effects of lncRNA ROR and PTEN on tumor growth in PTC in vivo. LncRNA ROR, TESC, ALDH1A1, and TUBB3 were highly expressed in PTC tissues and cells. Overexpression of lncRNA ROR activated TESC by inhibiting the G9a recruitment on the promoter of TESC and histone H3-lysine 9me methylation. Moreover, TESC upregulated ALDH1A1 expression to increase TUBB3 expression, which then reduced PTEN expression. Overexpression of lncRNA ROR, TESC, ALDH1A1 or TUBB3 and silencing of PTEN promoted PTC cell viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion while suppressing apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of lncRNA ROR increased tumor growth by inhibiting PTEN in vivo. Taken together, the current study demonstrated that lncRNA ROR mediated TESC/ALDH1A1/TUBB3/PTEN axis, thereby facilitating the development of PTC.
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21
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Baptista B, Riscado M, Queiroz J, Pichon C, Sousa F. Non-coding RNAs: Emerging from the discovery to therapeutic applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114469 order by 22025--] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
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22
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Mortoglou M, Tabin ZK, Arisan ED, Kocher HM, Uysal-Onganer P. Non-coding RNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: New approaches for better diagnosis and therapy. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101090. [PMID: 33831655 PMCID: PMC8042452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with a 5-year survival rate less than 8%, which has remained unchanged over the last 50 years. Early detection is particularly difficult due to the lack of disease-specific symptoms and a reliable biomarker. Multimodality treatment including chemotherapy, radiotherapy (used sparingly) and surgery has become the standard of care for patients with PDAC. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is the most common diagnostic biomarker; however, it is not specific enough especially for asymptomatic patients. Non-coding RNAs are often deregulated in human malignancies and shown to be involved in cancer-related mechanisms such as cell growth, differentiation, and cell death. Several micro, long non-coding and circular RNAs have been reported to date which are involved in PDAC. Aim of this review is to discuss the roles and functions of non-coding RNAs in diagnosis and treatments of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mortoglou
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - Zoey Kathleen Tabin
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - E Damla Arisan
- Institution of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Turkey.
| | - Hemant M Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CRUK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Pinar Uysal-Onganer
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
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Wang H, Zhang H, Sun Z, Chen W, Miao C. GABAB receptor inhibits tumor progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the regulation of Hippo/YAP1 pathway in colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:1953-1962. [PMID: 34131398 PMCID: PMC8193267 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.58135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Type B Receptor (GABABR) plays essential roles in tumor progression. However, the function of GABABR in colorectal cancer (CRC) needs further clarification. As the main part of GABABR, GABABR1 expression was identified significantly lower in tumor tissues than those in non-tumor normal tissues and that CRC patients with high GABABR1 expression lived longer. Further studies indicated that knockdown of GABABR1 elevated CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, knockdown of GABABR1 activated the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins N-cadherin and Vimentin, whereas decrease the protein level of E-cadherin. In addition, activation of Hippo/YAP1 signaling contributes to the GABABR1 down-regulation promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT in CRC cells. At last, we verified the contribution of Hippo/YAP1 signaling in the GABABR1 down-regulation impaired biological phenotype of colon cancer cells in vivo. In summary, these data indicate that GABABR1 impairs the migration and invasion of CRC cells by inhibiting EMT and the Hippo/YAP1 pathway, suggesting that GABABR1 could be a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Cancer Center, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University; 180# Feng-Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wankun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Cancer Center, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University; 180# Feng-Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Cancer Center, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University; 180# Feng-Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Barman S, Fatima I, Singh AB, Dhawan P. Pancreatic Cancer and Therapy: Role and Regulation of Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094765. [PMID: 33946266 PMCID: PMC8124621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant improvements in clinical management, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the deadliest cancer types, as it is prone to late detection with extreme metastatic properties. The recent findings that pancreatic cancer stem cells (PaCSCs) contribute to the tumorigenesis, progression, and chemoresistance have offered significant insight into the cancer malignancy and development of precise therapies. However, the heterogeneity of cancer and signaling pathways that regulate PC have posed limitations in the effective targeting of the PaCSCs. In this regard, the role for K-RAS, TP53, Transforming Growth Factor-β, hedgehog, Wnt and Notch and other signaling pathways in PC progression is well documented. In this review, we discuss the role of PaCSCs, the underlying molecular and signaling pathways that help promote pancreatic cancer development and metastasis with a specific focus on the regulation of PaCSCs. We also discuss the therapeutic approaches that target different PaCSCs, intricate mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities to eliminate heterogeneous PaCSCs populations in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Barman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.B.); (I.F.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Iram Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.B.); (I.F.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Amar B. Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.B.); (I.F.); (A.B.S.)
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.B.); (I.F.); (A.B.S.)
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Correspondence:
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Han X, Wu J, Zhang Y, Song J, Shi Z, Chang H. LINC00518 Promotes Cell Proliferation by Regulating the Cell Cycle of Lung Adenocarcinoma Through miR-185-3p Targeting MECP2. Front Oncol 2021; 11:646559. [PMID: 33937054 PMCID: PMC8081883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.646559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 00518 (LINC00518) are essential for the cell growth and metastasis of human cancer. However, the role of LINC00518 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is still unknown. This research put emphasis on the function of LINC00518 on the cell growth of LUAD. The lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression were measured by using qRT-PCR. Protein levels were measured by using Western blotting. CCK-8, colony formation assays and transwell assay were performed to evaluate the cell proliferation ability and invasion. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays were chosen to confirm the mechanism of LINC00518 in LUAD. We found that LINC00518 was highly expressed in LUAD specimens and the high-expression was negatively correlated with the overall survival rates. This finding was also proved in the LUAD cell lines. Through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, we proved that LICN00518 promoted the cell growth of LUAD by regulating the cell cycle. Moreover, LICN00518 upregulated the expression of MECP2 by mutagenesis of miR-185-3p. The results suggested that LICN00518 could be used as a survival indicator and potential therapeutic target for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Jixiang Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Jianxiang Song
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Zhan Shi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Huiwen Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
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Yadav B, Pal S, Rubstov Y, Goel A, Garg M, Pavlyukov M, Pandey AK. LncRNAs associated with glioblastoma: From transcriptional noise to novel regulators with a promising role in therapeutics. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:728-742. [PMID: 33996255 PMCID: PMC8099481 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most widespread and aggressive subtype of glioma in adult patients. Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated or differentially expressed in GBM. These lncRNAs possess unique regulatory functions in GBM cells, ranging from high invasion/migration to recurrence. This review outlines the present status of specific involvement of lncRNAs in GBM pathogenesis, with a focus on their association with key molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms. Also, we highlighted the potential of different novel RNA-based strategies that may be beneficial for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Sonali Pal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Yury Rubstov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-7, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Vavilova Street 7, 117312 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Akul Goel
- La Canada High School, La Canada Flintridge, CA 91011, USA
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Marat Pavlyukov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-7, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
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Yu D, Liu H, Qin J, Huangfu M, Guan X, Li X, Zhou L, Dou T, Liu Y, Wang L, Fu M, Wang J, Chen X. Curcumol inhibits the viability and invasion of colorectal cancer cells via miR-30a-5p and Hippo signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:299. [PMID: 33732375 PMCID: PMC7905558 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-30a-5p (miR-30a-5p), which functions as a tumor suppressor, has been reported to be downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and to be associated with cancer invasion. However, the detailed regulatory mechanism of curcumol in the malignant progression of CRC remains unknown. MTT, Transwell, scratch, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assays were performed to examine how curcumol inhibited CRC cell viability, invasion and migration, and to detect the role of miR-30a-5p and curcumol in the invasion and Hippo signaling pathways of CRC cells. The present study revealed that miR-30a-5p expression was downregulated in human CRC tissues and cells. The results demonstrated that miR-30a-5p downregulation was accompanied by the inactivation of the Hippo signaling pathway, which was demonstrated to promote CRC cell viability, invasion and migration. Curcumol treatment was identified to increase miR-30a-5p expression and to activate the Hippo signaling pathway, which in turn inhibited the invasion and migration of CRC cells. Overexpression of miR-30a-5p enhanced the effects of curcumol on cell invasion and migration, and the Hippo signaling pathway in CRC cells. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-30a-5p reversed the effects of curcumol on cell invasion and migration, and the Hippo signaling pathway in CRC cells. These findings identified novel signaling pathways associated with miR-30a-5p and revealed the effects of curcumol on miR-30a-5p expression. Therefore, curcumol may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to delay CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Haiping Liu
- Science and Technology Department, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541199, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Mengjie Huangfu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xumei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Luwei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Tong Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Yisa Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Minglei Fu
- Department of Dispensary, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, China-USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sphingolipid Metabolism (Incubated), Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541001, P.R. China
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28
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Baptista B, Riscado M, Queiroz JA, Pichon C, Sousa F. Non-coding RNAs: Emerging from the discovery to therapeutic applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 189:114469. [PMID: 33577888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge about non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is rapidly increasing with new data continuously emerging, regarding their diverse types, applications, and roles. Particular attention has been given to ncRNA with regulatory functions, which may have a critical role both in biological and pathological conditions. As a result of the diversity of ncRNAs and their ubiquitous involvement in several biologic processes, ncRNA started to be considered in the biomedical field, with immense potential to be exploited either as biomarkers or as therapeutic agents in certain pathologies. Indeed, ncRNA-based therapeutics have been proposed in many disorders and some even reached clinical trials. However, to prepare an RNA product suitable for pharmacological applications, certain criteria must be fulfilled, and it has to be guaranteed RNA purity, stability, and bioactivity. So, in this review, the different types of ncRNAs are identified and characterized, by describing their biogenesis, functions, and applications. A perspective on the main challenges and innovative approaches for the future and broad therapeutic application of RNA is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Baptista
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - M Riscado
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - J A Queiroz
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - C Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), UPR 4301 CNRS & University of Orléans Orléans, France
| | - F Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Mi Y, Li Y, He Z, Chen D, Hong Q, You J. Upregulation of Linc-ROR Promotes the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells Through miR-212-3p/FGF7 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:899-912. [PMID: 33564265 PMCID: PMC7867499 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s287775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Linc-ROR is a long non-coding RNA, that is found aberrantly expressed in various human cancers. We aim here to unveil the role of Linc-ROR in gastric cancer (GC) progression. Methods qPCR was used to determine gene expression. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Transwell assays were performed to evaluate the GC cells’ migratory and invasive abilities. Xenograft mouse model was conducted to measure tumor growth. Results We found that Linc-ROR were overexpressed in GC tissues compared to the adjacent tissues. High Linc-ROR predicts poor prognosis of GC patients. The prediction of bioinformatics online revealed that Linc-ROR could bind to miR-212-3p. Further, dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed a direct interaction between Linc-ROR and miR-212-3p. Overexpression of miR-212-3p facilitated GC cells’ migration and invasion, while the silencing of miR-212-3p attenuated GC cell migratory and invasive abilities. Moreover, Linc-ROR knockdown significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells, whereas miR-212-3p antagomir partially reversed Linc-ROR knockdown-induced phenotypes. Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), a downstream molecule of miR-212-3p, was overexpressed in GC cells. The recovery of FGF7 expression partially reversed the phenotypes caused by Linc-ROR silencing. Mechanistically, silencing of Linc-ROR contributed to the downregulation of CDK4, CDK6, Cyclin D1, N-Cadherin, Vimentin, MMP-9, MMP-2, but caused the upregulation of P21, P27, E-Cadherin, CK-19 in MGC-803 cells; however, FGF7 treatment could reverse the results induced by Linc-ROR silencing. Results in vivo further suggested that Linc-ROR knockdown repressed GC tumor growth, where the expression of miR-212-3p was up-regulated and FGF7 expression was downregulated in tumor tissues of mice. Conclusion These findings indicated that Linc-ROR/miR-212-3p/FGF7 axis played an important role in gastric cancer progression. Linc-ROR expression level was associated with the prognosis of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Mi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongwen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo He
- Department of Gastropancreatoduodenal Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghan Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqi Hong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun You
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361003, People's Republic of China
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Mao W, Mai J, Peng H, Wan J, Sun T. YAP in pancreatic cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic strategy. Theranostics 2021; 11:1753-1762. [PMID: 33408779 PMCID: PMC7778590 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), remains a fatal disease with few efficacious treatments. The Hippo signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling module, plays critical roles in tissue homeostasis, organ size control and tumorigenesis. The transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein (YAP), a major downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, is associated with various human cancers including PDAC. Considering its importance in cancer, YAP is emerging as a promising therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the oncogenic role and regulatory mechanism of YAP in PDAC, and the potential therapeutic strategies targeting YAP.
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31
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Han L, Jia L, Zan Y. Long intergenic noncoding RNA smad7 (Linc-smad7) promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HCC by targeting the miR-125b/SIRT6 axis. Cancer Med 2020; 9:9123-9137. [PMID: 33037850 PMCID: PMC7724296 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long intergenic noncoding RNA smad7 (Linc-smad7) has been recently identified as a new long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). However, the role of Linc-smad7 in the tumourigenesis of human cancers remains unknown. This study uncovered that Linc-smad7 was increased in HCC samples and HCC cell lines using RT-qPCR assays. Furthermore, the overexpression of Linc-smad7 indicated poor clinicopathological features and outcomes for HCC patients. In addition, Linc-smad7 promoted HCC cells proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT, as determined by MTT, colony formation, Transwell assays and western blot analysis. Functionally, it was demonstrated that Linc-smad7 could bind with microRNA-125b (miR-125b), and the restoration of miR-125b rescued the promoting effects of Linc-smad7 on HCC cells. Finally, it was observed that sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) was positively regulated by Linc-smad7 in HCC as the direct target of miR-125b, and decreased SIRT6 reversed the effects of Linc-smad7 on promoting HCC. In conclusion, the current study first identified Linc-smad7 is increased in HCC, facilitating HCC cells proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT via regulating the miR-125b/SIRT6 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Han
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Lijun Jia
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Ying Zan
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
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32
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Qiu D, Zhu Y, Cong Z. YAP Triggers Bladder Cancer Proliferation by Affecting the MAPK Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12205-12214. [PMID: 33273857 PMCID: PMC7707444 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s273442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transcriptional regulator YAP is frequently overexpressed in human cancers, such as breast and pancreatic cancers, plays an important role in tumorigenesis and can regulate many factors affecting cancer progression. These observations encouraged us to investigate the effect of YAP expression on bladder cancer. Methods The changes in multiple cellular functions associated with tumor progression including cell proliferation, cell migration, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis were assessed after YAP knockdown/overexpression in bladder cancer cell lines. Additionally, Western blot was developed to verify the change of proteins caused by YAP knockdown/overexpression. Results YAP had relatively higher expression in bladder cancer tissues than in normal tissues. The proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells were inhibited by YAP knockdown but were promoted by its overexpression. This promoting effect was accompanied by the increased activity of MAPK/ERK pathway. Conclusion Our data established that YAP is an oncogene involved in bladder cancer and thus can be a potential target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Qiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Cong
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Lin L, Wen J, Lin B, Bhandari A, Zheng D, Kong L, Wang Y, Wang O, Chen Y. Immortalization up-regulated protein promotes tumorigenesis and inhibits apoptosis of papillary thyroid cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14059-14072. [PMID: 33094920 PMCID: PMC7754061 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing in recent years worldwide, but the underlying mechanisms await further exploration. We utilized the bioinformatic analysis to discover that Immortalization up‐regulated protein (IMUP) could be a potential oncogene in the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We verified this finding in several databases and locally validated cohorts. Clinicopathological features analyses showed that high expression of IMUP is positively related to malignant clinicopathological features in PTC. Braf‐like PTC patients with higher IMUP expression had shorter disease‐free survival. The biological function of IMUP in PTC cell lines (KTC‐1 and TPC‐1) was investigated using small interfering RNA. Our results showed that silencing IMUP suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion while inducing apoptosis in PTC cell lines. Changes of the expression of apoptosis‐related molecules were identified by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. We also found that YAP1 and TAZ, the critical effectors in the Hippo pathway, were down‐regulated when the IMUP is silenced. Rescue experiments showed that overexpression of YAP1 reverses the tumour inhibitory effect caused by IMUP knockdown. Our study demonstrated that IMUP has an oncogenic function in PTC and might be a new target gene in the treatment of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Jialiang Wen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Bangyi Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Adheesh Bhandari
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Danni Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Lingguo Kong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yizuo Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
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Chen L, Long X, Duan S, Liu X, Chen J, Lan J, Liu X, Huang W, Geng J, Zhou J. CSRP2 suppresses colorectal cancer progression via p130Cas/Rac1 axis-meditated ERK, PAK, and HIPPO signaling pathways. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11063-11079. [PMID: 33042270 PMCID: PMC7532686 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Cysteine-rich protein 2 (CSRP2) has been recently implicated in the progression and metastasis of a variety of cancers. However, the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of CSRP2 in the regulation of CRC progression are largely unknown. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting (WB) were used to detect the expression of CSRP2 in CRC tissues and paracancerous tissues. CSRP2 function in CRC was determined by a series of functional tests in vivo and in vitro. WB and immunofluorescence were used to determine the relation between CSRP2 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Co-immunoprecipitation and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the molecular mechanism of CSRP2 in CRC. Results: The CSRP2 expression level in CRC tissues was lower than in adjacent normal tissues and indicated poor prognosis in CRC patients. Functionally, CSRP2 could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in vitro and inhibit CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed a physical interaction between CSRP2 and p130Cas. CSRP2 could inhibit the activation of Rac1 by preventing the phosphorylation of p130Cas, thus activating the Hippo signaling pathway, and simultaneously inhibiting the ERK and PAK/LIMK/cortactin signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting the EMT and metastasis of CRC. Rescue experiments showed that blocking the p130Cas and Rac1 activation could inhibit EMT induced by CSRP2 silencing. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the CSRP2/p130Cas/Rac1 axis can inhibit CRC aggressiveness and metastasis through the Hippo, ERK, and PAK signaling pathways. Therefore, CSRP2 may be a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Chen W, Yang J, Fang H, Li L, Sun J. Relevance Function of Linc-ROR in the Pathogenesis of Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:696. [PMID: 32850817 PMCID: PMC7432147 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the key components of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of 200 nucleotides. They are transcribed from the so-called “dark matter” of the genome. Increasing evidence have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in the pathophysiology of human diseases, particularly in the development and progression of tumors. Linc-ROR, as a new intergenic non-protein coding RNA, has been considered to be a pivotal regulatory factor that affects the occurrence and development of human tumors, including breast cancer (BC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and so on. Dysregulation of Linc-ROR has been closely related to advanced clinicopathological factors predicting a poor prognosis. Because linc-ROR can regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, it can thus be used as a potential biomarker for patients with tumors and has potential clinical significance as a therapeutic target. This article reviewed the role of linc-ROR in the development of tumors, its related molecular mechanisms, and clinical values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Chen
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junfa Yang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Essential Oil from Pinus Koraiensis Pinecones Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cells via the HIPPO/YAP Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213851. [PMID: 31731517 PMCID: PMC6864528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinecone is a traditional folk herb, which has been used in China for many years. In this paper, the essential oil from Pinus koraiensis pinecones (PEO) was obtained by hydrodistillation and 41 compounds were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), mainly including α-Pinene (40.91%), Limonene (24.82%), and β-Pinene (7.04%). The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor activity of PEO on MGC-803 cells and its mechanism. Anti-tumor experiments in vitro showed PEO could significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of MGC-803 cells, and it also could arrest the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential, and induce apoptosis. Finally, the effects of PEO on genes expression on MGC-803 cells were analyzed by RNA sequencing, and results showed that after treatment with PEO, 100 genes were up-regulated, and 57 genes were down-regulated. According to the KEGG pathway and GSEA, FAT4, STK3, LATS2, YAP1, and AJUBA were down-regulated, which were related to HIPPO signaling pathway. Real-time PCR and western blot further confirmed the results of RNA sequencing. These results indicated that PEO may exert anti-tumor activity via the HIPPO/YAP signaling pathway. The anti-tumor mechanism of this oil can be further studied, which is important for the development of anti-tumor drugs.
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