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Sojka DR, Gogler A, Kania D, Vydra N, Wiecha K, Adamiec-Organiściok M, Wilk A, Chumak V, Matyśniak D, Scieglinska D. The human testis-enriched HSPA2 interacts with HIF-1α in epidermal keratinocytes, yet HIF-1α stability and HIF-1-dependent gene expression rely on the HSPA (HSP70) activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119735. [PMID: 38641179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) is essential for cellular adaptation to reduced oxygen levels. It also facilitates the maintenance and re-establishment of skin homeostasis. Among others, it is involved in regulating keratinocyte differentiation. The stability of the oxygen-liable HIF-1α subunit is regulated by various non-canonical oxygen-independent mechanisms, which among others involve Heat Shock Proteins of the A family (HSPA/HSP70). This group of highly homologous chaperones and proteostasis-controlling factors includes HSPA2, a unique member crucial for spermatogenesis and implicated in the regulation of keratinocyte differentiation. HIF-1 can control the HSPA2 gene expression. In this study, we revealed that HIF-1α is the first confirmed client of HSPA2 in human somatic cells. It colocalises and interacts directly with HSPA2 in the epidermis in situ and immortalised keratinocytes in vitro. Using an in vitro model based on HSPA2-overexpressing and HSPA2-deficient variants of immortalised keratinocytes we showed that changes in HSPA2 levels do not affect the levels and intracellular localisation of HIF-1α or influence the ability of HIF-1 to modulate target gene expression. However, HIF-1α stability in keratinocytes appears critically reliant on HSPAs as a group of functionally overlapping chaperones. In addition to HSPA2, HIF-1α colocalises and forms complexes with HSPA8 and HSPA1, representing housekeeping and stress-inducible HSPA family paralogs, respectively. Chemical inhibition of HSPA activity, but not paralog-specific knockdown of HSPA8 or HSPA1 expression reduced HIF-1α levels and HIF-1-dependent gene expression. These observations suggest that pharmacological targeting of HSPAs could prevent excessive HIF-1 signalling in pathological skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Robert Sojka
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gogler
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Daria Kania
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Natalia Vydra
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Klaudia Wiecha
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Adamiec-Organiściok
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agata Wilk
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Vira Chumak
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Damian Matyśniak
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dorota Scieglinska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland.
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Delligatti CE, Kirk JA. Glycation in the cardiomyocyte. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2024; 125:47-88. [PMID: 38997172 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Glycation is a protein post-translational modification that can occur on lysine and arginine residues as a result of a non-enzymatic process known as the Maillard reaction. This modification is irreversible, so the only way it can be removed is by protein degradation and replacement. Small reactive carbonyl species, glyoxal and methylglyoxal, are the primary glycating agents and are elevated in several conditions associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, smoking, and aging. Thus, how protein glycation impacts the cardiomyocyte is of particular interest, to both understand how these conditions increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and how glycation might be targeted therapeutically. Glycation can affect the cardiomyocyte through extracellular mechanisms, including RAGE-based signaling, glycation of the extracellular matrix that modifies the mechanical environment, and signaling from the vasculature. Intracellular glycation of the cardiomyocyte can impact calcium handling, protein quality control and cell death pathways, as well as the cytoskeleton, resulting in a blunted contractility. While reducing protein glycation and its impact on the heart has been an active area of drug development, multiple clinical trials have had mixed results and these compounds have not been translated to the clinic-highlighting the challenges of modulating myocyte glycation. Here we will review protein glycation and its effects on the cardiomyocyte, therapeutic attempts to reverse these, and offer insight as to the future of glycation studies and patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Delligatti
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Jonathan A Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States.
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Martin TG, Sherer LA, Kirk JA. BAG3 localizes to mitochondria in cardiac fibroblasts and regulates mitophagy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H1124-H1130. [PMID: 38488519 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00736.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The co-chaperone Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is a central node in protein quality control in the heart. In humans and animal models, decreased BAG3 expression is associated with cardiac dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy. Although previous studies focused on BAG3 in cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts are also critical drivers of pathologic remodeling. Yet, the role of BAG3 in cardiac fibroblasts is almost completely unexplored. Here, we show that BAG3 is expressed in primary rat neonatal cardiac fibroblasts and preferentially localizes to mitochondria. Knockdown of BAG3 reduces mitophagy and enhances fibroblast activation, which is associated with fibrotic remodeling. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a critical binding partner for BAG3 and inhibiting this interaction in fibroblasts using the drug JG-98 decreased autophagy, decreased mitofusin-2 expression, and disrupted mitochondrial morphology. Together, these data indicate that BAG3 is expressed in cardiac fibroblasts, where it facilitates mitophagy and promotes fibroblast quiescence. This suggests that depressed BAG3 levels in heart failure may exacerbate fibrotic pathology, thus contributing to myocardial dysfunction through sarcomere-independent pathways.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We report BAG3's localization to mitochondria and its role in mitophagy for the first time in primary ventricular cardiac fibroblasts. We have also collected the first evidence showing that loss of BAG3 increases cardiac fibroblast activation into myofibroblasts, which are major drivers of cardiac fibrosis and pathological remodeling during heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Martin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States
| | - Laura A Sherer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States
| | - Jonathan A Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States
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Mao YQ, Seraphim TV, Wan Y, Wu R, Coyaud E, Bin Munim M, Mollica A, Laurent E, Babu M, Mennella V, Raught B, Houry WA. DPCD is a regulator of R2TP in ciliogenesis initiation through Akt signaling. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113713. [PMID: 38306274 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
R2TP is a chaperone complex consisting of the AAA+ ATPases RUVBL1 and RUVBL2, as well as RPAP3 and PIH1D1 proteins. R2TP is responsible for the assembly of macromolecular complexes mainly acting through different adaptors. Using proximity-labeling mass spectrometry, we identified deleted in primary ciliary dyskinesia (DPCD) as an adaptor of R2TP. Here, we demonstrate that R2TP-DPCD influences ciliogenesis initiation through a unique mechanism by interaction with Akt kinase to regulate its phosphorylation levels rather than its stability. We further show that DPCD is a heart-shaped monomeric protein with two domains. A highly conserved region in the cysteine- and histidine-rich domains-containing proteins and SGT1 (CS) domain of DPCD interacts with the RUVBL2 DII domain with high affinity to form a stable R2TP-DPCD complex both in cellulo and in vitro. Considering that DPCD is one among several CS-domain-containing proteins found to associate with RUVBL1/2, we propose that RUVBL1/2 are CS-domain-binding proteins that regulate complex assembly and downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qian Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Thiago V Seraphim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Yimei Wan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Ruikai Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Etienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Muhammad Bin Munim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Antonio Mollica
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Estelle Laurent
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mohan Babu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Vito Mennella
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada; Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; MRC Toxicology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK; Department of Pathology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Walid A Houry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
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Shin JW, Kim KH, Lee Y, Choi DE, Lee JM. Personalized allele-specific CRISPR-Cas9 strategies for myofibrillar myopathy 6. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.03.24302252. [PMID: 38352343 PMCID: PMC10863003 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.03.24302252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathy 6 (MFM6) is a rare childhood-onset myopathy characterized by myofibrillar disintegration, muscle weakness, and cardiomyopathy. The genetic cause of MFM6 is p.Pro209Leu mutation (rs121918312-T) in the BAG3 gene, which generates the disease outcomes in a dominant fashion. Since the consequences of the BAG3 mutation are strong and rapidly progressing, most MFM6 patients are due to de novo mutation. There are no effective treatments for MFM6 despite its well-known genetic cause. Given p.Pro209Leu mutation is dominant, regenerative medicine approaches employing orthologous stem cells in which mutant BAG3 is inactivated offer a promising avenue. Here, we developed personalized allele-specific CRISPR-Cas9 strategies capitalizing on PAM-altering SNP and PAM-proximal SNP. In order to identify the disease chromosome carrying the de novo mutation in our two affected individuals, haplotype phasing through cloning-sequencing was performed. Based on the sequence differences between mutant and normal BAG3, we developed personalized allele-specific CRISPR-Cas9 strategies to selectively inactivate the mutant allele 1) by preventing the transcription of the mutant BAG3 and 2) by inducing nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mutant BAG3 mRNA. Subsequent experimental validation in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines showed complete allele specificities of our CRISPR-Cas9 strategies and molecular consequences attributable to inactivated mutant BAG3. In addition, mutant allele-specific CRISPR-Cas9 targeting did not alter the characteristics of iPSC or the capacity to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Together, our data demonstrate the feasibility and potential of personalized allele-specific CRISPR-Cas9 approaches to selectively inactivate the mutant BAG3 to generate cell resources for regenerative medicine approaches for MFM6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wan Shin
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yukyeong Lee
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Doo Eun Choi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Martin TG, Hunt DR, Langer SJ, Tan Y, Ebmeier CC, Crocini C, Chung E, Leinwand LA. A Conserved Mechanism of Cardiac Hypertrophy Regression through FoxO1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.27.577585. [PMID: 38328143 PMCID: PMC10849654 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.27.577585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The heart is a highly plastic organ that responds to diverse stimuli to modify form and function. The molecular mechanisms of adaptive physiological cardiac hypertrophy are well-established; however, the regulation of hypertrophy regression is poorly understood. To identify molecular features of regression, we studied Burmese pythons which experience reversible cardiac hypertrophy following large, infrequent meals. Using multi-omics screens followed by targeted analyses, we found forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) transcription factor signaling, and downstream autophagy activity, were downregulated during hypertrophy, but re-activated with regression. To determine whether these events were mechanistically related to regression, we established an in vitro platform of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and regression from treatment with fed python plasma. FoxO1 inhibition prevented regression in this system, while FoxO1 activation reversed fed python plasma-induced hypertrophy in an autophagy-dependent manner. We next examined whether FoxO1 was implicated in mammalian models of reversible hypertrophy from exercise and pregnancy and found that in both cases FoxO1 was activated during regression. In these models, as in pythons, activation of FoxO1 was associated with increased expression FoxO1 target genes involved in autophagy. Taken together, our findings suggest FoxO1-dependent autophagy is a conserved mechanism for regression of physiological cardiac hypertrophy across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Martin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Dakota R. Hunt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Stephen J. Langer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Yuxiao Tan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Christopher C. Ebmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Claudia Crocini
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
| | - Eunhee Chung
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Leslie A. Leinwand
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO
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Martin TG, Pak H, Gerhard GS, Merali S, Merali C, Lemster B, Dubey P, McTiernan CF, Bristow MR, Feldman AM, Kirk JA. Dysregulated Autophagy and Sarcomere Dysfunction in Patients With Heart Failure With Co-Occurrence of P63A and P380S BAG3 Variants. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029938. [PMID: 38108245 PMCID: PMC10863766 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations to the co-chaperone protein BAG3 (B-cell lymphoma-2-associated athanogene-3) are a leading cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). These mutations often impact the C-terminal BAG domain (residues 420-499), which regulates heat shock protein 70-dependent protein turnover via autophagy. While mutations in other regions are less common, previous studies in patients with DCM found that co-occurrence of 2 BAG3 variants (P63A, P380S) led to worse prognosis. However, the underlying mechanism for dysfunction is not fully understood. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we used proteomics, Western blots, and myofilament functional assays on left ventricular tissue from patients with nonfailing, DCM, and DCM with BAG363/380 to determine how these mutations impact protein quality control and cardiomyocyte contractile function. We found dysregulated autophagy and increased protein ubiquitination in patients with BAG363/380 compared with nonfailing and DCM, suggesting impaired protein turnover. Expression and myofilament localization of BAG3-binding proteins were also uniquely altered in the BAG3,63/380 including abolished localization of the small heat shock protein CRYAB (alpha-crystallin B chain) to the sarcomere. To determine whether these variants impacted sarcomere function, we used cardiomyocyte force-calcium assays and found reduced maximal calcium-activated force in DCM and BAG363/380. Interestingly, myofilament calcium sensitivity was increased in DCM but not with BAG363/380, which was not explained by differences in troponin I phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data support that the disease-enhancing mechanism for BAG3 variants outside of the BAG domain is through disrupted protein turnover leading to compromised sarcomere function. These findings suggest a shared mechanism of disease among pathogenic BAG3 variants, regardless of location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Martin
- Department of Cell and Molecular PhysiologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIL
| | - Hana Pak
- Department of Cell and Molecular PhysiologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIL
| | - Glenn S. Gerhard
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular BiochemistryLewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Salim Merali
- Temple University School of PharmacyPhiladelphiaPA
| | | | - Bonnie Lemster
- The Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
| | - Praveen Dubey
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Charles F. McTiernan
- The Heart and Vascular Institute, The University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
| | | | - Arthur M. Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyThe Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA
| | - Jonathan A. Kirk
- Department of Cell and Molecular PhysiologyLoyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIL
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Thompson AD, Wagner MJ, Rodriguez J, Malhotra A, Vander Roest S, Lilienthal U, Shao H, Vignesh M, Weber K, Yob JM, Prosser BL, Helms AS, Gestwicki JE, Ginsburg D, Day SM. An Unbiased Screen Identified the Hsp70-BAG3 Complex as a Regulator of Myosin-Binding Protein C3. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1198-1211. [PMID: 37791314 PMCID: PMC10544073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Variants in the gene myosin-binding protein C3 (MYBPC3) account for approximately 50% of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), leading to reduced levels of myosin-binding protein C3 (MyBP-C), the protein product made by gene MYBPC3. Elucidation of the pathways that regulate MyBP-C protein homeostasis could uncover new therapeutic strategies. Toward this goal, we screened a library of 2,426 bioactive compounds and identified JG98, an allosteric modulator of heat shock protein 70 that inhibits interaction with Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) domain co-chaperones. JG98 reduces MyBP-C protein levels. Furthermore, genetic reduction of BAG3 phenocopies treatment with JG-98 by reducing MYBP-C protein levels.. Thus, an unbiased compound screen identified the heat shock protein 70-BAG3 complex as a regulator of MyBP-C stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D. Thompson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marcus J. Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juliani Rodriguez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alok Malhotra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steve Vander Roest
- Center for Chemical Genomics, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ulla Lilienthal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hao Shao
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mathav Vignesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Keely Weber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jaime M. Yob
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin L. Prosser
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam S. Helms
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason E. Gestwicki
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David Ginsburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
- The Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sharlene M. Day
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zheng Z, Song Y. Synaptopodin-2: a potential tumor suppressor. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:158. [PMID: 37544991 PMCID: PMC10405370 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Initially identified as an actin-binding protein containing a PSD95-DLG-ZO1 Domain (PZD domain), Synaptopodin 2 (SYNPO2) has long been considered a structural protein ubiquitously expressed in muscular tissues. However, emerging evidence suggests that SYNPO2 performs diverse functions in cancers in addition to its role in microfilament assembly. In most cancers, high SYNPO2 expression is positively correlated with a good prognosis, suggesting its role as a novel tumor suppressor. Abnormal SYNPO2 expression affects autophagy generation, particularly mitophagy induced by low oxidation or viral infection, as well as chaperone-mediated autophagy triggered by microfilament damage. Mechanically, SYNPO2 regulates tumor growth, metastasis, and invasion via activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal and Hippo signaling pathways. Moreover, the subcellular localization, promoter methylation and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of SYNPO2 have been associated with cancer progression and clinical outcomes, highlighting its potential as a prognostic or diagnostic target for this patient population. This review focuses on the role of SYNPO2 in cancer, including its generation, epigenetic modification, subcellular localization, and biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequn Zheng
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, No. 378 Dongqing Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515063, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, No. 378 Dongqing Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Tedesco B, Vendredy L, Adriaenssens E, Cozzi M, Asselbergh B, Crippa V, Cristofani R, Rusmini P, Ferrari V, Casarotto E, Chierichetti M, Mina F, Pramaggiore P, Galbiati M, Piccolella M, Baets J, Baeke F, De Rycke R, Mouly V, Laurenzi T, Eberini I, Vihola A, Udd B, Weiss L, Kimonis V, Timmerman V, Poletti A. HSPB8 frameshift mutant aggregates weaken chaperone-assisted selective autophagy in neuromyopathies. Autophagy 2023:1-23. [PMID: 36854646 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2179780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) is a highly selective pathway for the disposal of misfolding and aggregating proteins. In muscle, CASA assures muscle integrity by favoring the turnover of structural components damaged by mechanical strain. In neurons, CASA promotes the removal of aggregating substrates. A crucial player of CASA is HSPB8 (heat shock protein family B (small) member 8), which acts in a complex with HSPA, their cochaperone BAG3, and the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1. Recently, four novel HSPB8 frameshift (fs) gene mutations have been linked to neuromyopathies, and encode carboxy-terminally mutated HSPB8, sharing a common C-terminal extension. Here, we analyzed the biochemical and functional alterations associated with the HSPB8_fs mutant proteins. We demonstrated that HSPB8_fs mutants are highly insoluble and tend to form proteinaceous aggregates in the cytoplasm. Notably, all HSPB8 frameshift mutants retain their ability to interact with CASA members but sequester them into the HSPB8-positive aggregates together with two autophagy receptors SQSTM1/p62 and TAX1BP1. This copartitioning process negatively affects the CASA capability to remove its clients and causes a general failure in proteostasis response. Further analyses revealed that the aggregation of the HSPB8_fs mutants occurs independently of the other CASA members or from the autophagy receptors interaction, but it is an intrinsic feature of the mutated amino acid sequence. HSPB8_fs mutants aggregation alters the differentiation capacity of muscle cells and impairs sarcomere organization. Collectively, these results shed light on a potential pathogenic mechanism shared by the HSPB8_fs mutants described in neuromuscular diseases.Abbreviations : ACD: α-crystallin domain; ACTN: actinin alpha; BAG3: BAG cochaperone 3; C: carboxy; CASA: chaperone-assisted selective autophagy; CE: carboxy-terminal extension; CLEM: correlative light and electron microscopy; CMT2L: Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2L; CTR: carboxy-terminal region; dHMNII: distal hereditary motor neuropathy type II; EV: empty vector; FRA: filter retardation assay; fs: frameshift; HSPA/HSP70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70); HSPB1/Hsp27: heat shock protein family B (small) member 1; HSPB8/Hsp22: heat shock protein family B (small) member 8; HTT: huntingtin; KO: knockout; MAP1LC3B/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MD: molecular dynamics; MTOC: microtubule organizing center; MYH: myosin heavy chain; MYOG: myogenin; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; CALCOCO2/NDP52: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; NSC34: Neuroblastoma X Spinal Cord 34; OPTN: optineurin; polyQ: polyglutamine; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STUB1/CHIP: STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1; TARDBP/TDP-43: TAR DNA binding protein; TAX1BP1: Tax1 binding protein 1; TUBA: tubulin alpha; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Leen Vendredy
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Elias Adriaenssens
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bob Asselbergh
- Neuromics Support Facility, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromics Support Facility, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Mina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Pramaggiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born Bunge, and Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Femke Baeke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, and VIB Bioimaging Core, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, and VIB Center for Inflammation Research, and VIB Bioimaging Core, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Tommaso Laurenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Vihola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
| | - Lan Weiss
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Lombardy, United States
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Lombardy, United States
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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11
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Tedesco B, Vendredy L, Timmerman V, Poletti A. The chaperone-assisted selective autophagy complex dynamics and dysfunctions. Autophagy 2023:1-23. [PMID: 36594740 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2160564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Each protein must be synthesized with the correct amino acid sequence, folded into its native structure, and transported to a relevant subcellular location and protein complex. If any of these steps fail, the cell has the capacity to break down aberrant proteins to maintain protein homeostasis (also called proteostasis). All cells possess a set of well-characterized protein quality control systems to minimize protein misfolding and the damage it might cause. Autophagy, a conserved pathway for the degradation of long-lived proteins, aggregates, and damaged organelles, was initially characterized as a bulk degradation pathway. However, it is now clear that autophagy also contributes to intracellular homeostasis by selectively degrading cargo material. One of the pathways involved in the selective removal of damaged and misfolded proteins is chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA). The CASA complex is composed of three main proteins (HSPA, HSPB8 and BAG3), essential to maintain protein homeostasis in muscle and neuronal cells. A failure in the CASA complex, caused by mutations in the respective coding genes, can lead to (cardio)myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the CASA complex and its dynamics. We also briefly discuss how CASA complex proteins are involved in disease and may represent an interesting therapeutic target.Abbreviation ALP: autophagy lysosomal pathway; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; AMOTL1: angiomotin like 1; ARP2/3: actin related protein 2/3; BAG: BAG cochaperone; BAG3: BAG cochaperone 3; CASA: chaperone-assisted selective autophagy; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; DNAJ/HSP40: DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40); DRiPs: defective ribosomal products; EIF2A/eIF2α: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A; EIF2AK1/HRI: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 1; GABARAP: GABA type A receptor-associated protein; HDAC6: histone deacetylase 6; HSP: heat shock protein; HSPA/HSP70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70); HSP90: heat shock protein 90; HSPB8: heat shock protein family B (small) member 8; IPV: isoleucine-proline-valine; ISR: integrated stress response; KEAP1: kelch like ECH associated protein 1; LAMP2A: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A; LATS1: large tumor suppressor kinase 1; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MTOC: microtubule organizing center; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NFKB/NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B; NFE2L2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; PLCG/PLCγ: phospholipase C gamma; polyQ: polyglutamine; PQC: protein quality control; PxxP: proline-rich; RAN translation: repeat-associated non-AUG translation; SG: stress granule; SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STUB1/CHIP: STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1; STK: serine/threonine kinase; SYNPO: synaptopodin; TBP: TATA-box binding protein; TARDBP/TDP-43: TAR DNA binding protein; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TPR: tetratricopeptide repeats; TSC1: TSC complex subunit 1; UBA: ubiquitin associated; UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system; WW: tryptophan-tryptophan; WWTR1: WW domain containing transcription regulator 1; YAP1: Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tedesco
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Leen Vendredy
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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12
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Protein Quality Control in Glioblastoma: A Review of the Current Literature with New Perspectives on Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179734. [PMID: 36077131 PMCID: PMC9456419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control allows eukaryotes to maintain proteostasis under the stress of constantly changing conditions. In this review, we discuss the current literature on PQC, highlighting flaws that must exist for malignancy to occur. At the nidus of PQC, the expression of BAG1-6 reflects the cell environment; each isoform directs proteins toward different, parallel branches of the quality control cascade. The sum of these branches creates a net shift toward either homeostasis or apoptosis. With an established role in ALP, Bag3 is necessary for cell survival in stress conditions including those of the cancerous niche (i.e., hypoxia, hypermutation). Evidence suggests that excessive Bag3–HSP70 activity not only sustains, but also propagates cancers. Its role is anti-apoptotic—which allows malignant cells to persist—and intercellular—with the production of infectious ‘oncosomes’ enabling cancer expansion and recurrence. While Bag3 has been identified as a key prognostic indicator in several cancer types, its investigation is limited regarding glioblastoma. The cochaperone HSP70 has been strongly linked with GBM, while ALP inhibitors have been shown to improve GBM susceptibility to chemotherapeutics. Given the highly resilient, frequently recurrent nature of GBM, the targeting of Bag3 is a necessary consideration for the successful and definitive treatment of GBM.
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Liu Q, Liu J, Huang X. Unraveling the mystery: How bad is BAG3 in hematological malignancies? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188781. [PMID: 35985611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BAG3, also known as BIS and CAIR-1, interacts with Hsp70 via its BAG domain and with other molecules through its WW domain, PXXP repeats and IPV motifs. BAG3 can participate in major cellular pathways including apoptosis, autophagy, cytoskeleton structure, and motility by regulating the expression, location, and activity of its chaperone proteins. As a multifunctional protein, BAG3 is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, cardiomyocytes and multiple tumors, and its intracellular expression can be stimulated by stress. The functions and mechanisms of BAG3 in hematological malignancies have recently been a topic of interest. BAG3 has been confirmed to be involved in the development and chemoresistance of hematological malignancies and to act as a prognostic indicator. Modulation of BAG3 and its corresponding proteins has thus emerged as a promising therapeutic and experimental target. In this review, we consider the characteristics of BAG3 in hematological malignancies as a reference for further clinical and fundamental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jinde Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Dandong Central Hospital, Dandong, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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14
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Diao H, Wu K, Lan D, Wang D, Zhao J, Huang B, Shao X, Wang R, Tan H, Tang X, Yan M, Zhang Y. BAG3 Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via Autophagy Activation. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081338. [PMID: 35893075 PMCID: PMC9332509 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that causes severe cardiovascular events. B cell lymphoma 2-associated athanogene (BAG3) was proven to participate in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiac diseases, but its role in atherosclerosis remains unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the role of BAG3 in atherosclerosis and elucidate the potential molecular mechanism. In this study, ApoE-/- mice were given a tail-vein injection of BAG3-overexpressing lentivirus and fed a 12-week high-fat diet (HFD) to investigate the role of BAG3 in atherosclerosis. The overexpression of BAG3 reduced plaque areas and improved atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. Our research proves that BAG3 promotes autophagy in vitro, contributing to the suppression of EndMT in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Mechanically, autophagy activation is mediated by BAG3 via the interaction between BAG3 and its chaperones HSP70 and HSPB8. In conclusion, BAG3 facilitates autophagy activation via the formation of the chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) complex interacting with HSP70 and HSPB8, leading to the inhibition of EndMT during the progression of atherosclerosis and indicating that BAG3 is a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Diao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kaili Wu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dingming Lan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bingying Huang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoqi Shao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huiling Tan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinyuan Tang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meiling Yan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.D.); (K.W.); (D.L.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (B.H.); (X.S.); (R.W.); (H.T.); (X.T.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence:
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Gupta MK, Randhawa PK, Masternak MM. Role of BAG5 in Protein Quality Control: Double-Edged Sword? FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:844168. [PMID: 35821856 PMCID: PMC9261338 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.844168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorder is the major health burden and cause of death among individuals worldwide. As the cardiomyocytes lack the ability for self-renewal, it is utmost necessary to surveil the protein quality in the cells. The Bcl-2 associated anthanogene protein (BAG) family and molecular chaperones (HSP70, HSP90) actively participate in maintaining cellular protein quality control (PQC) to limit cellular dysfunction in the cells. The BAG family contains a unique BAG domain which facilitates their interaction with the ATPase domain of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) to assist in protein folding. Among the BAG family members (BAG1-6), BAG5 protein is unique since it has five domains in tandem, and the binding of BD5 induces certain conformational changes in the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of HSP70 such that it loses its affinity for binding to ADP and results in enhanced protein refolding activity of HSP70. In this review, we shall describe the role of BAG5 in modulating mitophagy, endoplasmic stress, and cellular viability. Also, we have highlighted the interaction of BAG5 with other proteins, including PINK, DJ-1, CHIP, and their role in cellular PQC. Apart from this, we have described the role of BAG5 in cellular metabolism and aging.
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