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Summa FF, Andersen JH, Lazzeretti P, Sauer SPA, Monaco G, Coriani S, Zanasi R. Origin-Independent Dynamic Polarizability Density from Coupled Cluster Response Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:7242-7259. [PMID: 37796868 PMCID: PMC10601476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The calculation of the origin-independent density of the dynamic electric dipole polarizability, previously presented for uncorrelated and density functional theory (DFT)-based methods, has been developed and implemented at the coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) level of theory. A pointwise analysis of polarizability densities calculated for a number of molecules at Hartree-Fock (HF) and CCSD clearly shows that the electron correlation effect is much larger than one would argue considering the integrated dipole electric polarizability alone. Large error compensations occur during the integration process, which hide fairly large deviations mainly located in the internuclear regions. The same is observed when calculated CCSD and B3LYP polarizability densities are compared, with the remarkable feature that positive/negative deviations between CCSD and HF reverse sign, becoming negative/positive when comparing CCSD to B3LYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. F. Summa
- DTU
Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - J. H. Andersen
- DTU
Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - P. Lazzeretti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - S. P. A. Sauer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - G. Monaco
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - S. Coriani
- DTU
Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - R. Zanasi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
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Summa FF, Monaco G, Lazzeretti P, Zanasi R. Electronic current densities and origin-independent property densities induced by optical fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25082-25093. [PMID: 37702204 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01814h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of a molecule with optical fields is customarily interpreted by means of induced time-dependent electric polarizabilities, magnetizabilities and mixed electric-magnetic polarizabilities. In general, these properties can be rationalized by integrals of density functions formulated in terms of induced charge and current densities. In this perspective, we focus on what has been done so far at the theoretical level, and on what can be expected to be unveiled from the topological study of suitable density functions, endowed with the fundamental requirement of origin invariance. Densities characterized by such a property can be integrated all over the configuration space to obtain electric dipole polarizability and optical rotatory power. Corresponding maps visualize domains mainly involved in the molecular response. The diagonal components of origin-independent density tensor functions that, on integration, yield corresponding electric dipole polarizability tensor of benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene and ovalene, have been computed, confirming the ubiquitous presence of counter-polarization regions in the proximity of the atomic nuclei. They are associated with toroidal electron currents, induced by time derivative of the electric field of impinging radiation. Electron (de)localization in these systems is readily observed and estimated. The optical rotation density of the carbonyl chromophore is studied in detail. Its essential feature is the separation in quadrants of alternating sign of density about the CO bond. The presence of an extrachromophoric perturbation determines asymmetry in the extension of the quadrant distribution, thus causing optical rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco F Summa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy.
| | - Guglielmo Monaco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy.
| | - Paolo Lazzeretti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Zanasi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy.
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Ligorio RF, Rodrigues JL, Zuev A, Dos Santos LHR, Krawczuk A. Benchmark of a functional-group database for distributed polarizability and dipole moment in biomolecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:29495-29504. [PMID: 36459116 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04052b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The extraction of functional-group properties in condensed phases is very useful for predicting material behaviors, including those of biomaterials. For this reason, computational approaches based on partitioning schemes have been developed aiming at rapidly and accurately estimating properties from chemically meaningful building blocks. A comprehensive database of group polarizabilities and dipole moments is useful not only to predict the optical properties of biomacromolecules but also to improve molecular force fields focused on simulating biochemical processes. In this work we benchmark a database of distributed polarizabilities and dipole moments for functional groups extracted from a series of polypeptides. This allows reconstruction of a variety of relevant chemical environments. The accuracy of our database was tested to predict the electro-optical properties of larger peptides and also simpler amino acids for which density functional theory calculations at the M06-HF/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory was chosen as the reference. This approach is reasonably accurate for the diagonal components of the polarizability tensor, with errors not larger than 15-20%. The anisotropy of the polarizability is predicted with smaller efficacy though. Solvent effects were included explicitly by surrounding the database entries by a box of water molecules whose distribution was optimized using the CHARMM force field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael F Ligorio
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jose L Rodrigues
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Anatoly Zuev
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Leonardo H R Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Anna Krawczuk
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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4
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Summa FF, Monaco G, Lazzeretti P, Zanasi R. Origin-Independent Densities of Static and Dynamic Molecular Polarizabilities. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8855-8864. [PMID: 34495665 PMCID: PMC8450934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The notion of the electric dipole polarizability density function of atoms and molecules has been considered. The current density induced by the time derivative of the electric field of monochromatic light allows for a new definition of the electric dipole polarizability density, which is translationally invariant. This translational invariance provides the physical meaning that was lacking in previous defined polarizability densities. The new polarizability density has been implemented at the TD-DFT level of theory. The origin independence has been proven in silico to hold regardless of the basis set size. Two emblematic molecules, i.e., CO and N2, which in many respects display similar electric response, have been studied in detail. The substantial differences, which have been highlighted in the topology of the parallel and perpendicular polarizability density tensor components of CO and N2, are grossly hidden by compensation, when integration is carried out to get the molecular properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ferdinando Summa
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Guglielmo Monaco
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy
| | - Paolo Lazzeretti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zanasi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università degli studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano 84084, SA, Italy
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Ligorio RF, Krawczuk A, Dos Santos LHR. Accurate Atom-Dipole Interaction Model for Prediction of Electro-optical Properties: From van der Waals Aggregates to Covalently Bonded Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4152-4159. [PMID: 33970633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at the accurate estimation of the electro-optical properties of atoms and functional groups in organic crystals. A better understanding of the nature of building blocks and the way they interact with each other enables more efficient prediction of self-assembly, and thus physical properties in condensed matter. We propose a modified version of an atom-dipole interaction model that is based on atomic dipole moments calculated from the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. The method is very reliable for the prediction of various optical and electric properties in diverse chemical environments, ranging from hydrocarbon molecules bonded by dispersive interactions to polar rings connected by hydrogen bonds, or even polymeric structures whose monomers are covalently linked. Distributed polarizabilities and electrostatic potentials are compared to those obtained using a complete quantum-mechanical approach on finite-size aggregates. Our electrostatic approximation recovers isotropic polarizabilities with an accuracy of ca. 5 au and electrostatic potentials of ca. 0.05 au, even in the worst-case scenario in which polarization and charge-transfer effects are large. Functional groups are highly exportable, estimating the properties of small peptides and polyaromatics with a maximum deviation as low as ca. 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael F Ligorio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Anna Krawczuk
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Unisersität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Leonardo H R Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Ligorio RF, Krawczuk A, Dos Santos LHR. Crystal Field Effects on Atomic and Functional-Group Distributed Polarizabilities of Molecular Materials. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10008-10018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c09293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael F. Ligorio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anna Krawczuk
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Unisersität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leonardo H. R. Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Katla J, Shaik A, Dahiwadkar R, Thiruvenkatam V, Kanvah S. One- and Two-Component Organogels Containing Cyanostilbene without any Auxiliary Substituents. Chempluschem 2020; 84:1789-1795. [PMID: 31943862 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pyridyl acrylonitrile without traditional auxiliary groups form stable organogels in ethanol. The addition of a second non-gelating cyanostilbene component results in a more stable two-component gel. Single crystal X-ray data reveal the influence of C-H⋅ ⋅ ⋅N, C-H⋅ ⋅ ⋅π, and π-π interactions in the formation of organogels. The morphology of the xerogels was studied by using SEM, which showed the self-assembly of molecules to fibers and sheet-like structures, and phase differences upon the gel formation and the structural phase characterization was measured using powder XRD. Exposure of the organogels to acidic (TFA) vapors results in distinct color changes and loss of gelation properties, thus highlighting the potential of these gels in sensing. The results represent a rare example of two-component organogels using two different cyanostilbene units and show that functional two-component organogels can be formed by utilizing the synergistic effects of the individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Katla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | - Althaf Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | - Rahul Dahiwadkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | - Vijay Thiruvenkatam
- Department of Biological Engineering and Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Gandhinagar, 382355, India
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8
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Potential Application of h-BNC Structures in SERS and SEHRS Spectroscopies: A Theoretical Perspective. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19081896. [PMID: 31010075 PMCID: PMC6514874 DOI: 10.3390/s19081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the electronic and optical properties of hybrid boron-nitrogen-carbon structures (h-BNCs) with embedded graphene nanodisks are investigated. Their molecular affinity is explored using pyridine as model system and comparing the results with the corresponding isolated graphene nanodisks. Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) analysis of the electronic excited states was performed in the complexes in order to characterize possible surface and charge transfer resonances in the UV region. Static and dynamic (hyper)polarizabilities were calculated with coupled-perturbed Kohn-Sham theory (CPKS) and the linear and nonlinear optical responses of the complexes were analyzed in detail using laser excitation wavelengths available for (Hyper)Raman experiments and near-to-resonance excitation wavelengths. Enhancement factors around 103 and 108 were found for the polarizability and first order hyperpolarizability, respectively. The quantum chemical simulations performed in this work point out that nanographenes embedded within hybrid h-BNC structures may serve as good platforms for enhancing the (Hyper)Raman activity of organic molecules immobilized on their surfaces and for being employed as substrates in surface enhanced (Hyper)Raman scattering (SERS and SEHRS). Besides the better selectivity and improved signal-to-noise ratio of pristine graphene with respect to metallic surfaces, the confinement of the optical response in these hybrid h-BNC systems leads to strong localized surface resonances in the UV region. Matching these resonances with laser excitation wavelengths would solve the problem of the small enhancement factors reported in Raman experiments using pristine graphene. This may be achieved by tuning the size/shape of the embedded nanographene structure.
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9
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Sitkiewicz SP, Rodríguez-Mayorga M, Luis JM, Matito E. Partition of optical properties into orbital contributions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15380-15391. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02662b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new tool to analyze the response property through the partition of nonlinear optical properties in terms of orbital contributions (PNOC), valuable in the assessment of the electronic structure methods in the NLOPs computations, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P. Sitkiewicz
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| | - Mauricio Rodríguez-Mayorga
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| | - Josep M. Luis
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69
- 17003 Girona
- Spain
| | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- Donostia
- Spain
- Ikerbasque Foundation for Science
- 48011 Bilbao
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10
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Setiawan D, Kraka E, Cremer D. Quantitative Assessment of Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity Utilizing Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9669-9686. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dani Setiawan
- Computational and Theoretical
Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Ave., Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Elfi Kraka
- Computational and Theoretical
Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Ave., Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Dieter Cremer
- Computational and Theoretical
Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Ave., Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
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12
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Avramopoulos A, Otero N, Karamanis P, Pouchan C, Papadopoulos MG. A Computational Study of the Interaction and Polarization Effects of Complexes Involving Molecular Graphene and C60 or a Nucleobases. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:284-98. [PMID: 26690053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of the molecular structure, energetics, electronic (hyper)polarizabilities and their interaction-induced counterparts of C60 with a series of molecular graphene (MG) models, CmHn, where m = 24, 84, 114, 222, 366, 546 and n = 12, 24, 30, 42, 54, 66, was performed. All the reported data were computed by employing density functional theory and a series of basis sets. The main goal of the study is to investigate how alteration of the size of the MG model affects the strength of the interaction, charge rearrangement, and polarization and interaction-induced polarization of the complex, C60-MG. A Hirshfeld-based scheme has been employed in order to provide information on the intrinsic polarizability density representations of the reported complexes. It was found that the interaction energy increases approaching a limit of -26.98 kcal/mol for m = 366 and 546; the polarizability and second hyperpolarizability increase with increasing the size of MG. An opposite trend was observed for the dipole moment. Interestingly, the variation of the first hyperpolarizability is relatively small with m. Since polarizability is a key factor for the stability of molecular graphene with nucleobases (NB), a study of the magnitude of the interaction-induced polarizability of C84H24-NB complexes is also reported, aiming to reveal changes of its magnitude with the type of NB. The binding strength of C84H24-NB complexes is also computed and found to be in agreement with available theoretical and experimental data. The interaction involved in C60 B12N12H24-NB complexes has also been considered, featuring the effect of contamination on the binding strength between MG and NBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aggelos Avramopoulos
- Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation , 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Nicolás Otero
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique, ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254 , Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, Pau, France
| | - Panaghiotis Karamanis
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique, ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254 , Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, Pau, France
| | - Claude Pouchan
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique, ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254 , Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, Pau, France
| | - Manthos G Papadopoulos
- Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation , 48 Vas. Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
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Otero N, El-kelany KE, Pouchan C, Rérat M, Karamanis P. Establishing the pivotal role of local aromaticity in the electronic properties of boron-nitride graphene lateral hybrids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:25315-25328. [PMID: 27711641 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04502b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Within an attempt to unravel the conundrum of irregular bandgap variations in hybrids of white-graphene (hBN) and graphene (G) observed in both experiment and theory, strong proofs about the decisive role of aromaticity in their electronic properties are brought to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Otero
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique
- ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254. Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot
- 64053 PAU Cedex 09
- France
- Departamento de Química Física
| | - Khaled E. El-kelany
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique
- ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254. Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot
- 64053 PAU Cedex 09
- France
- CompChem Lab
| | - Claude Pouchan
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique
- ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254. Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot
- 64053 PAU Cedex 09
- France
| | - Michel Rérat
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique
- ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254. Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot
- 64053 PAU Cedex 09
- France
| | - Panaghiotis Karamanis
- Equipe de Chimie Théorique
- ECP Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM) UMR 5254. Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées 2 avenue du Président Angot
- 64053 PAU Cedex 09
- France
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