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Semerena E, Nencioni A, Masternak K. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase: role in disease pathophysiology and as a biomarker. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268756. [PMID: 37915565 PMCID: PMC10616597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) plays a central role in mammalian cell metabolism by contributing to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis. However, NAMPT activity is not limited to the intracellular compartment, as once secreted, the protein accomplishes diverse functions in the extracellular space. Extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT, also called visfatin or pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor) has been shown to possess adipocytokine, pro-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic activities. Numerous studies have reported the association between elevated levels of circulating eNAMPT and various inflammatory and metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, lung injury and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on eNAMPT biology, proposed roles in disease pathogenesis, and its potential as a disease biomarker. We also briefly discuss the emerging therapeutic approaches for eNAMPT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Semerena
- Light Chain Bioscience - Novimmune SA, Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
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Novak EA, Crawford EC, Mentrup HL, Griffith BD, Fletcher DM, Flanagan MR, Schneider C, Firek B, Rogers MB, Morowitz MJ, Piganelli JD, Wang Q, Mollen KP. Epithelial NAD + depletion drives mitochondrial dysfunction and contributes to intestinal inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1231700. [PMID: 37744380 PMCID: PMC10512956 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1231700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We have previously demonstrated that a pathologic downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) within the intestinal epithelium contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanism underlying downregulation of PGC1α expression and activity during IBD is not yet clear. Methods Mice (male; C57Bl/6, Villincre/+;Pgc1afl/fl mice, and Pgc1afl/fl) were subjected to experimental colitis and treated with nicotinamide riboside. Western blot, high-resolution respirometry, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) quantification, and immunoprecipitation were used to in this study. Results We demonstrate a significant depletion in the NAD+ levels within the intestinal epithelium of mice undergoing experimental colitis, as well as humans with ulcerative colitis. While we found no decrease in the levels of NAD+-synthesizing enzymes within the intestinal epithelium of mice undergoing experimental colitis, we did find an increase in the mRNA level, as well as the enzymatic activity, of the NAD+-consuming enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1). Treatment of mice undergoing experimental colitis with an NAD+ precursor reduced the severity of colitis, restored mitochondrial function, and increased active PGC1α levels; however, NAD+ repletion did not benefit transgenic mice that lack PGC1α within the intestinal epithelium, suggesting that the therapeutic effects require an intact PGC1α axis. Discussion Our results emphasize the importance of PGC1α expression to both mitochondrial health and homeostasis within the intestinal epithelium and suggest a novel therapeutic approach for disease management. These findings also provide a mechanistic basis for clinical trials of nicotinamide riboside in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Novak
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Erin C. Crawford
- Division of Gastroenterology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Heather L. Mentrup
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian D. Griffith
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - David M. Fletcher
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Corinne Schneider
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian Firek
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Matthew B. Rogers
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael J. Morowitz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jon D. Piganelli
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kevin P. Mollen
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Colombo G, Caviglia GP, Ravera A, Tribocco E, Frara S, Rosso C, Travelli C, Genazzani AA, Ribaldone DG. NAMPT and NAPRT serum levels predict response to anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1116862. [PMID: 36817780 PMCID: PMC9928959 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1116862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinic acid phosphoribosyl transferase (NAPRT) are key intracellular enzymes that participate in the biosynthesis on NAD but have also been shown to be released as proinflammatory cytokines. A number of reports have shown that circulating NAMPT is increased in serum of patients with inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), while nothing is known regarding circulating NAPRT and the presence of both cytokines in IBD patient stools. In the present study, we evaluated eNAMPT and eNAPRT levels in a large cohort of IBD patients not on biological therapy and in a subset that then was prescribed biologics. Methods We conducted a retro-perspective study on 180 patients, of which 111 underwent subsequent biological treatment (adalimumab, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab). We analyzed eNAMPT and eNAPRT concentrations in serum and faces of IBD patients, correlating them with response to biologics. Results We now report that eNAMPT and eNAPRT are significantly increased in both serum and stools of IBD patients. NAMPT and NAPRT levels correlate with disease severity, with C reactive protein and with serum IL-6 levels. Importantly, levels of NAMPT in patients starting treatment with adalimumab correlate with response failure at three months: patients with levels above 4 ng/ml were significantly less likely to obtain benefit. Serum NAMPT as a biomarker of response yields a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion The present work strongly suggests that a prospective trial evaluating eNAMPT and eNAPRT levels in relation to response to biologicals in IBD should be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Colombo
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Ravera
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Tribocco
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Simone Frara
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Rosso
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- 3Department of Drug Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Armando A. Genazzani
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy,*Correspondence: Armando A. Genazzani,
| | - Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone
- 2Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy,Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone,
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Michalak A, Kasztelan-Szczerbińska B, Cichoż-Lach H. Impact of Obesity on the Course of Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193983. [PMID: 36235636 PMCID: PMC9573343 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is already well-known that visceral adipose tissue is inseparably related to the pathogenesis, activity, and general outcome of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We are getting closer and closer to the molecular background of this loop, finding certain relationships between activated mesenteric tissue and inflammation within the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, relatively new data have been uncovered, indicating a direct impact of body fat on the pattern of pharmacological treatment in the course of IBD. On the other hand, ileal and colonic types of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis appear to be more diversified than it was thought in the past. However, the question arises whether at this stage we are able to translate this knowledge into the practical management of IBD patients or we are still exploring the scientific background of this pathology, having no specific tools to be used directly in patients. Our review explores IBD in the context of obesity and associated disorders, focusing on adipokines, creeping fat, and possible relationships between these disorders and the treatment of IBD patients.
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Karaskova E, Velganova-Veghova M, Geryk M, Foltenova H, Kucerova V, Karasek D. Role of Adipose Tissue in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4226. [PMID: 33921758 PMCID: PMC8073530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), chronic inflammatory disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract, include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. There are increasing clinical and experimental data showing that obesity, especially visceral adiposity, plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Obesity seems to be an important risk factor also for IBD disease severity and clinical outcomes. Visceral adipose tissue is an active multifunctional metabolic organ involved in lipid storage and immunological and endocrine activity. Bowel inflammation penetrates the surrounding adipose tissue along the mesentery. Mesenteric fat serves as a barrier to inflammation and controls immune responses to the translocation of gut bacteria. At the same time, mesenteric adipose tissue may be the principal source of cytokines and adipokines responsible for inflammatory processes associated with IBD. This review is particularly focusing on the potential role of adipokines in IBD pathogenesis and their possible use as promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Karaskova
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.V.-V.); (M.G.); (H.F.)
| | - Maria Velganova-Veghova
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.V.-V.); (M.G.); (H.F.)
| | - Milos Geryk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.V.-V.); (M.G.); (H.F.)
| | - Hana Foltenova
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.V.-V.); (M.G.); (H.F.)
| | - Veronika Kucerova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - David Karasek
- Third Department of Internal Medicine—Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
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Colombo G, Clemente N, Zito A, Bracci C, Colombo FS, Sangaletti S, Jachetti E, Ribaldone DG, Caviglia GP, Pastorelli L, De Andrea M, Naviglio S, Lucafò M, Stocco G, Grolla AA, Campolo M, Casili G, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E, Malavasi F, Genazzani AA, Porta C, Travelli C. Neutralization of extracellular NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) ameliorates experimental murine colitis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:595-612. [PMID: 32338310 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) is increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, and its serum levels correlate with a worse prognosis. In the present manuscript, we show that eNAMPT serum levels are increased in IBD patients that fail to respond to anti-TNFα therapy (infliximab or adalimumab) and that its levels drop in patients that are responsive to these therapies, with values comparable with healthy subjects. Furthermore, eNAMPT administration in dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-treated mice exacerbates the symptoms of colitis, suggesting a causative role of this protein in IBD. To determine the druggability of this cytokine, we developed a novel monoclonal antibody (C269) that neutralizes in vitro the cytokine-like action of eNAMPT and that reduces its serum levels in rodents. Of note, this newly generated antibody is able to significantly reduce acute and chronic colitis in both DNBS- and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Importantly, C269 ameliorates the symptoms by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Specifically, in the lamina propria, a reduced number of inflammatory monocytes, neutrophils, Th1, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes are found upon C269 treatment. Our data demonstrate that eNAMPT participates in IBD and, more importantly, that eNAMPT-neutralizing antibodies are endowed with a therapeutic potential in IBD. KEY MESSAGES: What are the new findings? Higher serum eNAMPT levels in IBD patients might decrease response to anti-TNF therapy. The cytokine-like activity of eNAMPT may be neutralized with a monoclonal antibody. Neutralization of eNAMPT ameliorates acute and chronic experimental colitis. Neutralization of eNAMPT limits the expression of IBD inflammatory signature. Neutralization of eNAMPT impairs immune cell infiltration in lamina propria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Colombo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Zito
- Lab of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10100, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bracci
- Lab of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10100, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Simone Colombo
- Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Jachetti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10100, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Pastorelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Samuele Naviglio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marianna Lucafò
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Stocco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ambra A Grolla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina (ME), Messina, ME, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina (ME), Messina, ME, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina (ME), Messina, ME, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina (ME), Messina, ME, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Lab of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10100, Turin, Italy
| | - Armando A Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Porta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, 28100, Novara, Italy.
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Role of Obesity, Mesenteric Adipose Tissue, and Adipokines in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120780. [PMID: 31779136 PMCID: PMC6995528 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of disorders which include ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Obesity is becoming increasingly more common among patients with inflammatory bowel disease and plays a role in the development and course of the disease. This is especially true in the case of Crohn's disease. The recent results indicate a special role of visceral adipose tissue and particularly mesenteric adipose tissue, also known as "creeping fat", in pathomechanism, leading to intestinal inflammation. The involvement of altered adipocyte function and the deregulated production of adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin, has been suggested in pathogenesis of IBD. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and pathophysiology of obesity in IBD, the influence of a Western diet on the course of Crohn's disease and colitis in IBD patients and animal's models, and the potential role of adipokines in these disorders. Since altered body composition, decrease of skeletal muscle mass, and development of pathologically changed mesenteric white adipose tissue are well-known features of IBD and especially of Crohn's disease, we discuss the possible crosstalk between adipokines and myokines released from skeletal muscle during exercise with moderate or forced intensity. The emerging role of microbiota and the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory enzymes such as intestinal alkaline phosphatase is also discussed, in order to open new avenues for the therapy against intestinal perturbations associated with IBD.
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Association Between Adipokines Levels with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Systematic Reviews. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:3280-3286. [PMID: 29086333 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of genetic and environmental factors is involved in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent studies have shown that adipocytes play a crucial role, by actively participating in systemic immune responses in IBD patients. But findings remain controversial. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review has evaluated the roles of adipokines in IBD, considering which this systematic review was undertaken to summarize the effects of these adipokines in IBD pathogenesis. METHODS For this review, articles published between 1980 and 2016 were identified from the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane and Google scholar databases. Thirteen articles were ultimately selected for inclusion in this systematic review. RESULTS Findings of the present study indicate that some of the adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin and resistin are associated with disease severity, body composition and glucose hemostasis in IBD patients, although some of these associations are stronger than others. CONCLUSIONS Overall findings indicate that some adipokines may play a crucial role in IBD severity or other IBD related outcomes. Further studies are recommended to confirm the results.
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Gesing J, Scheuermann K, Wagner IV, Löffler D, Friebe D, Kiess W, Schuster V, Körner A. NAMPT serum levels are selectively elevated in acute infectious disease and in acute relapse of chronic inflammatory diseases in children. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183027. [PMID: 28837586 PMCID: PMC5570332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) is an inflammatory adipocytokine shown to interact in immune modulation in chronic inflammatory diseases, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, cancer and obesity in adulthood. It is, however, not clear whether this association reflects a chronic elevation or acute inflammatory response. We analyzed NAMPT concentrations in distinct states of inflammation in 102 children and found consistently significantly increased NAMPT levels in subjects with acute infections. NAMPT concentrations in children with stable chronic inflammatory diseases were not significantly different, whereas in patients with acute relapse of chronic disease NAMPT was significantly higher than in children in remission or healthy controls. In states of low-grade inflammation (children with atopic disease or obesity) we did not detect alterations in NAMPT serum levels. NAMPT correlated positively with inflammatory markers such as CRP. The most predictive factor for NAMPT serum concentrations was leucocyte count and therein the neutrophil count. Furthermore, systemic circulating NAMPT levels were closely associated with NAMPT release from corresponding cultured PBMCs. In conclusion, NAMPT is selectively increased in states of acute but not chronic inflammation in children. The close relationship between systemic circulating NAMPT with leucocyte counts and release indicate that leucocytes most probably are the source of inflammation related NAMPT levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gesing
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Kathrin Scheuermann
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Isabel Viola Wagner
- Hospital for children and adolescents, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Dennis Löffler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Daniela Friebe
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Volker Schuster
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- * E-mail:
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