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Abdelrahman RM, Ahmed M, Tayim N, Kordbagheri M. Identification of the Core Characteristics of Vulnerable/Hypersensitive Narcissism and its Association with the Dark Triad in a Large International Sample: A Network Analysis Study. Psychiatr Q 2024:10.1007/s11126-024-10082-x. [PMID: 38985386 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The current paper aimed to investigate the network structure and centrality indexes of hypersensitive narcissism using the hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSN). Additionally, we aimed to explore its relationships with dark triad personality aspects. A globally diverse sample of "53,981" participants (47.9% non-United States responders) completed the HSN and Dark Triad Dirty Dozen scale (DTD). We estimated the network structure across genders to determine the core characteristics of hypersensitive narcissism. Additionally, bridge and central nodes (characteristics) were identified. All analyses were performed using R-Studio programming software. The network comparison test indicated significant differences in the network structures between males and females (Network-Invariance: 0.0489, P < 0.01; Global Strength Invariance: 0.101, P < 0.01). In the network of HSN for male participants, characteristics with the highest strength centrality were "Highly affected by criticism" (HSN.2, strength = 1.08) and "Self-absorbed in personal pursuits" (HSN.8, strength = 1.28). For female participants, "Self-absorbed in personal pursuits" (HSN.8, strength = 1.32) and "privately annoyed by others' needs" (HSN.10, strength = 1.21) were the highest central characteristics. The assessment of bridge strength indicated that nodes HSN.2 (Highly sensitive to criticism), scoring 0.42, and DTD.1 (Tendency to manipulate for gain, a component of Machiavellianism), scoring 0.428, showed the highest bridge strength values. The current study identified core characteristics of hypersensitive narcissism and its correlation with dark triad personality, revealing gender-specific patterns and bridging symptoms between the two constructs. These findings showed that focusing on these core characteristics may be advantageous in treating individuals exhibiting elevated levels of narcissism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Mohamed Abdelrahman
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Ajman, UAE
- National Center for Examination and Educational Evaluation (NCEEE), Cairo, Egypt
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Ajman University, UAE & LINP2-2APS, Paris Nanterre University, Paris, France
| | - Marei Ahmed
- College of Humanities and Sciences, Ajman University, UAE & LINP2-2APS, Paris Nanterre University, Paris, France
| | - Natalie Tayim
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammadreza Kordbagheri
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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Esfahan MM, Ayasrah MN, Ghayoumi F, Motaharinasab A, Tayim N, Aghaei ZSPS. The Network Structure of Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Presentations: The Interplay between ROCD Symptoms with Maladaptive and Non-Maladaptive Personality Traits. Psychiatr Q 2024:10.1007/s11126-024-10079-6. [PMID: 38896172 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study aimed to utilize a network perspective to identify the core symptoms of Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (ROCD), encompassing both partner-focused and relationship-centered presentations. Additionally, we examined the interaction between ROCD symptoms and personality traits. METHOD 493 participants were included in the current study. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 - short form (PID-5-SF), NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Partner-Related Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Inventory (PROCSI), and Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI) were used to estimate the network structure. Specifically, we computed network structure, bridge expected influence (BEI), and Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) for ROCD scales. RESULTS In the ROCI network, items 1 and 11 (ROCI.1: "The idea that my affection for my partner is not genuine troubles me," ROCI.7: Thoughts that something is "off" in my relationship significantly disturb me.) emerged as the most important nodes (ROCI.1: Betweenness:1.777, Closeness:1.025, Strength: .872; ROCI.11" Betweenness: 1.097, Closeness:0.457, strength:.699). Additionally, ROCI.7 stands out with significant Betweenness and Expected Influence, emphasizing its importance in facilitating communication and influencing information flow. Conversely, in the PROCI network, item 2 (PROCI.2: "I am constantly questioning whether my partner is deep and intelligent enough") was identified as the most crucial node (Betweenness: 2.568, Closeness: 2.528, Strength: 1.905). Neuroticism is highly influential in the interaction of personality traits with the ROCI scale (BEI: .3781), connecting non-maladaptive traits, while Negative affect, a maladaptive trait, has a significant impact (Bridge Value: .283). CONCLUSION The present study provided a detailed examination of the psychological dynamics within romantic relationships, highlighting key cognitive processes and personality trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Maadi Esfahan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nayef Ayasrah
- Department Science of Education, Al-Balqa Applied University, Irbid University College, Irbid, Jordan, 1293
| | - Faezeh Ghayoumi
- Faculty of Humanities, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Natalie Tayim
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, Doha, Qatar
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Yu L, Chen C. Symptom patterns of comorbid depression and anxiety among older adults in China and their predictors. Psych J 2024; 13:494-511. [PMID: 38268089 PMCID: PMC11169763 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Comorbid depression and anxiety causes serious psychological and physiological damage for older people. This study aimed to identify heterogeneous classes of comorbid depression and anxiety (CDA) among older people in China and to ascertain predictors of latent class membership. Cross-sectional data of 10,919 cases were extracted from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify symptom patterns of comorbid depression (measured by the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and anxiety (measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale). Multinomial logistic regressions following bivariate analyses were used to explore the relationship between the derived classes and individual- and social-level factors. Four patterns of CDA were identified: low symptoms of depression and anxiety (30.52%; n = 3333), mild depression only (53.26%; n = 5815), moderate depression and anxiety (13.82%; n = 1509), and severe depression and anxiety (2.40%; n = 262). Older people who are male, suffer from multimorbidity, and lack a healthy lifestyle are more likely to have problematic symptom profiles. While intimate relationships with partners and children significantly predicted CDA patterns, the effects of sibling relationships, daily life, and emotional support from the community were insignificant. LPA identified four distinct CDA patterns among a representative sample of older Chinese people. While restless sleep, lack of positive emotions, uselessness, and weak concentration are salient across all profiles, "difficult to relax" is prominent in profiles high in anxiety. In addition to individual-level variables, social-level factors, especially intimate relationships with partners and children rather than general links to siblings or the community, have unneglectable impacts on whether and to what extent older Chinese adults suffer from CDA in the cultural context of relationism, patriarchy, and filial piety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yu
- Department of Philosophy and ScienceSoutheast University at NanjingNanjingChina
| | - Chuqian Chen
- Department of Medical HumanitiesSoutheast University at NanjingNanjingChina
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Pheh KS, Tan CS, Lee KW, Tay KW, Ong HT, Yap SF. Factorial structure, reliability, and construct validity of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7): Evidence from Malaysia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285435. [PMID: 37167230 PMCID: PMC10174505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common mental disorders in Malaysia. Psychometrically sound measurements are urgently needed to assess anxiety symptoms. The extensively used Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) is a promising candidate. However, studies on its factorial validity show mixed findings. While the one-factor solution has been replicated in different cultural contexts, some studies found different factorial structures instead. This study aimed to clarify the factorial validity of the English version of the GAD-7 in the Malaysian context. The responses collected from 1272 emerging to older adults in Malaysia were randomly divided into two halves and submitted to exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) respectively. Four acceptable models were explored in EFA ranging from unidimensional factor with 7 items to 3-factor models with 6 items. The four models revealed in EFA and the other competing models found in past studies were then examined and compared using CFA. The 6-item second-order model with a general factor of anxiety and three first-order factors with two items respectively (i.e., GAD-6) showed a more harmonic result and hence, is preferable. Moreover, the GAD-6 and its three subscales also showed satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity. This study uncovers a new and unique factorial structure of the GAD screening tool that fits in the Malaysian context. The scale may reveal GAD symptomatic dimensions that guide clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Shuen Pheh
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Seng Tan
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Kai Wei Lee
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Sungai Long, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Wai Tay
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Tin Ong
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Sungai Long, Malaysia
| | - Sook Fan Yap
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Sungai Long, Malaysia
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Xi S, Gu Y, Guo H, Jin B, Guo F, Miao W, Zhang L. Sleep quality status, anxiety, and depression status of nurses in infectious disease department. Front Psychol 2022; 13:947948. [PMID: 36312085 PMCID: PMC9615549 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.947948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current status of sleep quality and influencing factors of clinical nurses in infectious disease hospitals, and to provide basis and reference for improving their sleep status and providing psychological support. Methods Using convenience sampling method, clinical nurses from a tertiary hospital for infectious diseases were selected as the survey subjects in September 2021. General information questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Depression Screening Scale (PHQ-9) were used for questionnaire surveys, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the impact of decreased sleep quality in clinical nurses factor. Results A total of 460 questionnaires were returned, of which 442 were valid, effective rate is 96.09%. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score of 442 clinical nurses was 7.07 ± 2.14, of which 60 (13.57%) had sleep disorders; the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) score was 4.77 ± 3.50, of which 182 (41.18%) had varying degrees of anxiety; The score of PHQ-9 was 5.95 ± 3.79, of which 187 (42.31%) had different degrees of depressive symptoms. The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis which involved PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores showed that: both the PHQ-9 score and the GAD-7 score were positively correlated with the sleep quality score, and the PHQ-9 score increased every time 1 point, sleep quality score increased by 0.239 points; GAD-7 score increased by 1 point, sleep quality score increased by 0.150 points. The overall model test (F = 109.760, P < 0.001) regression model is meaningful. Conclusion Decreased sleep quality is common among clinical nurses in infectious disease hospitals, and the sleep status of nurses is positively correlated with anxiety and depression. Nursing managers pay attention to sleep quality of clinical nurses in infectious disease hospitals and carry out effective interventions to improve the sleep quality of nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangmei Xi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Gu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Guo
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boxun Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjuan Guo
- Transplant Center, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Miao
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Astudillo-García CI, Austria-Corrales F, Rivera-Rivera L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Gómez-García JA, Séris-Martinez M, Jiménez-Tapia A, Robles R, Morales-Chainé S, López-Montoya A, Cuevas-Renaud C, Toledano-Toledano F. Measurement invariance of the GAD-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale in a Mexican general population sample. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:973134. [PMID: 36299536 PMCID: PMC9590252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.973134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the measurement of invariance by sex, age, and educational level of an online version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale in a five-item version (GAD-5). Configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance were evaluated using data from 79,473 respondents who answered a mental health questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. The sex variable was classified as male or female; age was categorized as minors, youth, young adults, adults, and older adults; and educational level was divided into basic, upper secondary, higher, and graduate education. To test for configural invariance, confirmatory factor models were constructed. For metric invariance, equality restrictions were established for the factor loadings between the construct and its items; for scalar invariance, equality restrictions were established between the intercepts; strict variance implied the additional restriction of the residuals. Statistical analysis was performed in R software with the lavaan package. The results show that with respect to sex, age, and educational level, configural and metric measurement invariance was confirmed (ΔCFI < 0.002; ΔRMSEA < 0.015). However, with respect to scalar and strict invariance, the results showed significant differences regarding the fit model (ΔCFI > 0.002; ΔRMSEA > 0.015). We conclude that the GAD-5 presents configural and metric invariance for sex, age, and educational level, and scalar invariance for sex and age groups. However, the scale does not demonstrate strict invariance. We discuss the implications and suggest that this result could be related to the evaluation of sociodemographic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - José Alberto Gómez-García
- Secretariado Técnico del Consejo Nacional de Salud Mental (STCONSAME), Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marina Séris-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Tapia
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rebeca Robles
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Silvia Morales-Chainé
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Corina Cuevas-Renaud
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Filiberto Toledano-Toledano
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Sociomédica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, México
- Dirección de Investigación y Diseminación del Conocimiento, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias e Innovación para la Formación de Comunidad Científica, INDEHUS, Ciudad de México, México
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Deng J, Liu X, Wang Y, Fan J, Yang L, Duan J, Yuan Y, Lan P, Shan Z, Xiong J, Peng W, He Q, Chen Y, Fu X. The therapeutic effect of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing on the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:961513. [PMID: 36032232 PMCID: PMC9399498 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.961513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleep health is an important part of health and has become a common concern of society. For anxiety insomnia, the commonly used clinical therapies have limitations. Alternative and complementary therapy is gradually rising and showing remarkable effect in clinical practice. This is the first study to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing in the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students and to compare the difference in intervention before and after sleep, to choose the best treatment time. Methods and analysis This is a multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. A total of 126 eligible subjects who have passed the psychological evaluation and met inclusion criteria by completing a psychometric scale will be randomly divided into treatment group A (treat before sleep), treatment group B (treat after sleep) and control group C (waiting list group) in a ratio of 1:1:1. All the three groups will receive regular psychological counseling during the trial, and the treatment groups will practice 24-style Taijiquan and do meridian acupuncture at Baihui (DU20), Shenting (DU24), Yintang (EX-HN3), Shenmen (HT7) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). This RCT includes a 2-week baseline period, a 12-week intervention period, and a 12-week follow-up period. The main results will be measured by changes in the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA). The secondary results will be measured by the generalized anxiety scale (GAD-7) and insomnia severity index (ISI). The safety of the intervention will be evaluated at each assessment. The statistical analysis of data will be carried out by SPSSV.26.0 software. Discussion We expect this trial to explore the effectiveness of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing in the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students and choose the best treatment time by comparison. Clinical trial registration [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR2200057003].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianya Deng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieyang Fan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiamin Duan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongfang Yuan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peishu Lan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Shan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Junfeng Xiong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyu Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingfeng He
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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