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Ponce-Hernández DJ, Martínez-Regalado JA, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Calderón-Villarreal A, Regidor E, Herrero L, Sordo L. Correlation between tobacco control policies and tobacco prevention in Mexico: a sub-national analysis. J Public Health Policy 2024:10.1057/s41271-024-00473-6. [PMID: 38575787 DOI: 10.1057/s41271-024-00473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to determinate the correlation between tobacco control policies (TCP) and the prevalence of tobacco use in the 32 Mexican states during the 2016-2017 period. This is an ecological study that measured TCP by the Tobacco Control Scale (TCS) which assigns a score (0-100) based on the level of these component's implementation: price, prohibition in public spaces, expenditures of public information campaigns, publicity prohibitions, health warnings, and treatments. We analyzed the associations between the TCS scores and prevalence of tobacco use extracted from the National Survey of Drug, Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption using Spearman correlations. Prevalence of daily smokers is negatively correlated with global TCS scores for adolescents (p = 0.026). Price showed similar negative correlations with daily prevalence in adolescents (p = 0.003), adults (p = 0.040), men (p < 0.006), and women (p = 0.040). Many Mexican states need to improve on tobacco control policies, especially targeting a key population: adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delta Jeazul Ponce-Hernández
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, P/ Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Department of Tobacco Prevention and Control, Population Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alhelí Calderón-Villarreal
- University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, USA
- San Diego State University (SDSU), San Diego, USA
| | - Enrique Regidor
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, P/ Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Sordo
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, P/ Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
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Théodore FL, González-Ángeles LR, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Saenz-de-Miera B, Antonio-Ochoa E, Llorente B. The Challenges of Tobacco Fiscal Policy Implementation in Mexico From the Perspective of Key Actors. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:444-451. [PMID: 37782763 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Raising tobacco taxes is considered the most effective strategy to avoid smoking initiation and discourage its use, especially among vulnerable groups. However, few low- and middle-income countries have adopted high tobacco taxes. Raising taxes is, therefore, an opportunity to strengthen and accelerate tobacco control. The objective of this study is to analyze the barriers and facilitators to the tobacco tax increase in Mexico. AIMS AND METHODS Based on the Governance Analytical Framework, data were generated through 17 in-depth interviews with key intersectoral actors for fiscal policy. The interviews were transcribed and coded according to Hufty's theory of governance. RESULTS Robust scientific evidence, intersectoral coordination, and the presence of "champions" boosted progress in tobacco control (facilitators). The main barriers were the incomplete implementation of the World Health Organization-Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) and MPOWER package and lack of commitment ("political will") by government decision makers and legislators, misinformation about the effects of tobacco taxes, and strong tobacco industry interference. CONCLUSIONS Robust evidence is necessary but not sufficient to advance the implementation of the MPOWER (WHO-FCTC) actions. To achieve tobacco tax increases and public policies that protect people from unhealthy products in general, the implementation of policies or legal frameworks against industry interference in the development of public policies is imperative. IMPLICATIONS By analyzing the barriers and facilitators to increasing the tobacco tax in Mexico, this study identifies two key messages: (1) The need to sensitize legislators and the general population to the problem of smoking not only through epidemiological data but also through testimonies that highlight the life experiences and adversities faced by people who smoke. (2) The need for a regulatory framework to prevent industry interference in public affairs and conflicts of interest. The same framework could be very useful for public health policies to control the consumption of ultra-processed food products or alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence L Théodore
- Centro de Investigación de Nutrición y Salud (CINyS), Instituto Nacional de salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | | | - Belen Saenz-de-Miera
- Departamento Académico de Economía, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Baja California, Mexico
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Hartmuller R, Grilo G, Cohen JE, Welding K, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Smith KC. Tobacco industry's use of outer packaging in Mexico increases product marketing space. Tob Prev Cessat 2024; 10:TPC-10-06. [PMID: 38303745 PMCID: PMC10831728 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/179633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Reiley Hartmuller
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Graziele Grilo
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Joanna E. Cohen
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Kevin Welding
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Katherine Clegg Smith
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
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Grilo G, Cohen JE, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Welding K, Flores Escartin MG, Madar A, Clegg Smith K. Cultural appropriation on Marlboro packs in Mexico: ofrenda symbolism a cruel irony. Tob Control 2023; 32:806-808. [PMID: 35217595 PMCID: PMC10646926 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Grilo
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Kevin Welding
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria Guadalupe Flores Escartin
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alena Madar
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Clegg Smith
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Barnoya J, Cavalcante T, Aburto TC, Romieu I, Stern MC, Barquera S, Corvalán C, Hallal PC, Canelo-Aybar C, Alvarado-Villacorta R, Espina C, Feliu A, Rivera JA. Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer 1st edition: Tobacco and nicotine-related products, secondhand smoke, and alcohol and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 86 Suppl 1:102413. [PMID: 37852726 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco, secondhand smoke (SHS), and alcohol, all carcinogens, are leading preventable cancer risk factors in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Since 2000, smoking and SHS exposure have significantly decreased in the region. Yet alcohol consumption remains high. The entry of nicotine-related products such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) threatens achievements made in tobacco control and chronic diseases prevention, including cancer. E-cigs use is likely associated with smoking initiation among adolescents who had never smoked and dual use with combustible tobacco products. Therefore, the LAC Code Against Cancer recommends to the public actions they can take to reduce their risk of cancer: 1. Don't smoke or use any type of tobacco. If you do, quitting is possible, with professional help if needed. Don't use e-cigarettes either, as they lead to tobacco use. 2. Make your home a smoke-free place. Respect and promote laws that ensure smoke-free spaces to protect our health. and 3. Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages. This helps prevent several types of cancer. The Code recommends to policymakers a package of cost-effective policies based on the MPOWER and SAFER to prevent cancer at the population level. It also recommends that primary care health professionals: 1. Ask all their patients and their families whether they smoke or vape, inform them about the harms of smoking and vaping, and promote tobacco and nicotine related products cessation strategies among users. 2. Inform about the harms of exposure to SHS, especially among children, and promote smoke-free environments, and 3. Prevent alcohol use by their patients and their families, use tools to assess use, intensity, and frequency, and apply brief counseling intervention to support alcohol abstinence in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Tobacco Control and Preventive Department. Center for Population Health Research. National Institute of Public Health. Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62100, Mexico.
| | - Joaquin Barnoya
- Integra Cancer Institute, Guatemala, 9ª calle 4-52 zona 10, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Tania Cavalcante
- Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, INCA, Brasil.Pr. da Cruz Vermelha, 23 - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20230-130, Brazil
| | - Tania C Aburto
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, CP 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, CP 62100, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Mariana C Stern
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Urology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 90033 Los Angeles, USA
| | - Simón Barquera
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, CP 62100 Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Camila Corvalán
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Macul, Chile
| | - Pedro C Hallal
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Carlos Canelo-Aybar
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health, Iberossssamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Alvarado-Villacorta
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health, Iberossssamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Espina
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, 25 avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627, 69366 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - Ariadna Feliu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, 25 avenue Tony Garnier CS 90627, 69366 Lyon CEDEX 07, France
| | - Juan A Rivera
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, CP 62100, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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Rivera-Rivera L, Palacios-Hernández B, Austria-Corrales F, Séris-Martínez M, Pérez-Amezcua B, Jiménez-Tapia A, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Toledano-Toledano F, Gómez-García JA, Astudillo-García CI. Eventos de vida estresantes y su efecto en la conducta suicida en mujeres durante la pandemia por Covid-19 en México. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65:344-352. [PMID: 38060901 DOI: 10.21149/14552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO Analizar la estructura factorial, la validez convergente y divergente de la Escala Columbia de Severidad Suicida (CSSRS) y el Cuestionario de Eventos de Vida Estresantes (EVE) y medir la asociación entre EVE y conducta suicida (CS) en mujeres mexicanas durante la pandemia por Covid-19. Material y métodos. Se usaron datos de 2 398 mujeres que participaron en un estudio multicéntrico, realizado en México entre mayo y octubre de 2021. La información se recolectó mediante un cuestionario en línea que incluyó la CSSRS y el EVE. Se hizo un análisis factorial confirmatorio para valorar el ajuste de los modelos. RESULTADOS El modelo final mostró asociación entre los EVE y la CS, y tuvo a la violencia como variable central. Dicho modelo presentó un ajuste adecuado (CFI = 0.950, IFI = 0.950, MFI = 0.975, RMSEA = 0.031, CI RMSEA = 0.026-0.036). CONCLUSIONES La pandemia por Covid-19 evidenció la necesidad de crear e implementar estrategias que promuevan el cuidado de la salud mental, reduzcan la exposición a la violencia y faciliten los procesos de duelo para prevenir la CS en mujeres mexicanas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Bruma Palacios-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Transdisciplinar en Psicología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Fernando Austria-Corrales
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Marina Séris-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Berenice Pérez-Amezcua
- Centro de Investigación Transdisciplinar en Psicología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Tapia
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. Ciudad de México, México..
| | | | - Filiberto Toledano-Toledano
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. Ciudad de México, México. Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra. Ciudad de México, México. Dirección de Investigación y Diseminación del Conocimiento, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias e Innovación para la Formación de Comunidad Científica (INDEHUS). Ciudad de México, México..
| | - José Alberto Gómez-García
- Secretariado Técnico del Consejo Nacional de Salud Mental, Secretaría de Salud. Ciudad de México, México..
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Barrera-Núñez DA, López-Olmedo N, Zavala-Arciniega L, Barrientos-Gutiérrez I, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. Consumo de tabaco y uso de cigarro electrónico en adolescentes y adultos mexicanos. Ensanut Continua 2022. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65:s65-s74. [PMID: 38060943 DOI: 10.21149/14830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO Estimar la prevalencia de consumo actual y previo de tabaco y uso de cigarro electrónico en la población adolescente y adulta mexicana en 2022. Material y métodos. Se utilizó la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2022 para estimar la prevalencia de consumo de tabaco fumado y uso de cigarro electrónico, considerando variables sociodemográficas. RESULTADOS El 4.6% de los adolescentes reportó fumar actualmente y 3.7% reportó fumar en el pasado. De los adultos, 19.5% fuma actualmente y 17.8% fumó en el pasado. El consumo de tabaco fue mayor en las áreas urbanas y metropolitanas, en comparación con las rurales y se encontraron diferencias por nivel educativo y región. El 2.6% de adolescentes y 1.5% de adultos reportaron usar cigarros electrónicos. Conclusión. El tabaquismo continúa siendo un problema de salud pública en México. Es prioritario acelerar la implementación completa del Convenio Marco de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para el Control del Tabaco.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Barrera-Núñez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Nancy López-Olmedo
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Escuela de Salud Pública de la Universidad de Michigan. Michigan, Estados Unidos..
| | - Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
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Ramírez-Toscano Y, Canto-Osorio F, Carnalla M, Colchero MA, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, López-Olmedo N. Patrones de consumo de alcohol en adolescentes y adultos mexicanos: Ensanut Continua 2022. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65:s75-s83. [PMID: 38060944 DOI: 10.21149/14817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO Caracterizar los patrones de consumo (actual y excesivo) de alcohol en adolescentes y adultos mexicanos. Material y métodos. Se analizó información de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2022 (Ensanut Continua 2022) representativa a nivel nacional y regional. Se estimaron las prevalencias de consumo de alcohol actual y consumo excesivo de alcohol en los últimos 12 meses y 30 días. RESULTADOS En adolescentes, las prevalencias de consumo actual de alcohol, excesivo en los últimos 12 meses y 30 días fueron de 20.6, 13.9 y 5.2%. En adultos, las prevalencias de consumo actual de alcohol, excesivo en los últimos 12 meses y 30 días fueron 55.5, 40.4 y 19.1%. Las prevalencias fueron mayores en hombres que en mujeres, con diferencias significativas en adultos. En adolescentes, las prevalencias fueron mayores a mayor edad, nivel socioeconómico y en aquellos sin estudios. En adultos, las prevalencias fueron mayores a menor edad, mayor nivel socioeconómico y escolaridad, y en áreas metropolitanas. Conclusión. Estos resultados muestran la necesidad de fortalecer las acciones de implementación, seguimiento y protección ofrecidas por la estrategia SAFER para prevenir y reducir el consumo nocivo de alcohol en adolescentes y adultos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenisei Ramírez-Toscano
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Francisco Canto-Osorio
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Martha Carnalla
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - M Arantxa Colchero
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | | | | | - Nancy López-Olmedo
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
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Pichon-Riviere A, Bardach A, Rodríguez Cairoli F, Casarini A, Espinola N, Perelli L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Llorente B, Pinto M, Saenz De Miera Juárez B, Villacres T, Peña Torres E, Amador N, Loza C, Castillo-Riquelme M, Roberti J, Augustovski F, Alcaraz A, Palacios A. Health, economic and social burden of tobacco in Latin America and the expected gains of fully implementing taxes, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments control measures: a modelling study. Tob Control 2023:tc-2022-057618. [PMID: 37142423 DOI: 10.1136/tc-2022-057618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the tobacco-attributable burden on disease, medical costs, productivity losses and informal caregiving; and to estimate the health and economic gains that can be achieved if the main tobacco control measures (raising taxes on tobacco, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments) are fully implemented in eight countries that encompass 80% of the Latin American population. DESIGN Markov probabilistic microsimulation economic model of the natural history, costs and quality of life associated with the main tobacco-related diseases. Model inputs and data on labour productivity, informal caregivers' burden and interventions' effectiveness were obtained through literature review, surveys, civil registrations, vital statistics and hospital databases. Epidemiological and economic data from January to October 2020 were used to populate the model. FINDINGS In these eight countries, smoking is responsible each year for 351 000 deaths, 2.25 million disease events, 12.2 million healthy years of life lost, US$22.8 billion in direct medical costs, US$16.2 billion in lost productivity and US$10.8 billion in caregiver costs. These economic losses represent 1.4% of countries' aggregated gross domestic products. The full implementation and enforcement of the four strategies: taxes, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments would avert 271 000, 78 000, 71 000 and 39 000 deaths, respectively, in the next 10 years, and result in US$63.8, US$12.3, US$11.4 and US$5.7 billions in economic gains, respectively, on top of the benefits being achieved today by the current level of implementation of these measures. CONCLUSIONS Smoking represents a substantial burden in Latin America. The full implementation of tobacco control measures could successfully avert deaths and disability, reduce healthcare spending and caregiver and productivity losses, likely resulting in large net economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Pichon-Riviere
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CIESP, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Bardach
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CIESP, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Rodríguez Cairoli
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Casarini
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Espinola
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas Perelli
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Marcia Pinto
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Villacres
- Health Economics, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | | | | | - César Loza
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Federico Augustovski
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Alcaraz
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Palacios
- Department of Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics, IECS-Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Brown JL, Grilo G, Cohen JE, Clegg Smith K, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Flores Escartin MG, Moran MB. Colours, capsules and concept flavour names on cigarette packs appeal to youth in Mexico. Tob Control 2023; 32:e16-e22. [PMID: 35017261 PMCID: PMC10086463 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavoured cigarettes are popular in Mexico. We examined how cigarette packaging design features used to communicate flavour influence perceptions of appeal, harm, perceived interest and pack preference among Mexico City residents. METHODS We conducted an experimental survey. Participants aged 13-34 years were randomly assigned to one of three conditions, viewed packs with systematically manipulated design features (colour, capsule image and flavour name) and answered questions on appeal, perceived harm, perceived interest and pack preference. Data were analysed using mixed effects and conditional logistic regression. RESULTS 1500 adolescents and 950 adults participated. Regardless of flavour, cigarette packs with a background colour and capsule image were more appealing to adolescents (OR=13.19, 95% CI 11.53 to 15.10; OR=1.68, 95% CI 1.45 to 1.88) and adults (OR=4.18, 95% CI 3.73 to 4.69; OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.49 to 1.85) than packs without. Among adolescents, 'Tropical Burst' named packs were more appealing (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.72) than packs without a flavour name and among adults, 'Arctic Air' named packs were more appealing (OR=1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.14). Adolescents and adults reported a preference for trying packs that displayed a flavour name, background colour or capsule image (b=0.104, b=0.702, b=1.316, p<0.001 and b=0.126, b=0.619, b=0.775, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Colours and flavour capsule images appeal to adolescents and adults in Mexico. Mexico should consider adopting plain packaging to reduce appeal and interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Brown
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Graziele Grilo
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Clegg Smith
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Maria Guadalupe Flores Escartin
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Meghan Bridgid Moran
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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Barrera-Núñez DA, Rengifo-Reina H, López-Olmedo N, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. Respuesta a los autores de la carta “Acerca del artículo: Cambios en los patrones de consumo de alcohol y tabaco antes y durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Ensanut 2018 y 2020”. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65. [PMID: 38060848 DOI: 10.21149/14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David A Barrera-Núñez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Herney Rengifo-Reina
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Nancy López-Olmedo
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
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12
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Nian Q, Grilo G, Cohen JE, Smith KC, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Flores Escartin MG, Moran MB. Disparities in self-reported exposure to tobacco marketing among youth and young adults from low-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods in Mexico City. Glob Public Health 2023; 18:2049346. [PMID: 35301935 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2022.2049346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to tobacco marketing is positively associated with smoking initiation and behaviours. There is limited literature examining disparities among reported exposure in low- and middle-income countries. This study sought to fill this gap with a survey among 1427 adolescents and 889 adult smokers in Mexico City in 2020. Data were analysed using chi-square and hierarchical regression models. Two-thirds of adolescents noticed cigarette pack displays in stores. Participants from low- and mid-socioeconomic status (SES) neighbourhoods were more exposed to tobacco marketing than their counterparts through several channels. After addressing the shared variance among participants from the same household nested in neighbourhood SES level and controlling for gender, adolescent non-smokers and adult smokers who noticed pack displays were more likely to be susceptible to smoking (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.4) and to smoke more (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.21-2.47); adult smokers who noticed tobacco marketing at more places were less likely to be certain about smoking risks (OR = 0.9, 95% CI 0.8-0.9). The results suggest that the tobacco industry targets youth and individuals from low-SES neighbourhoods through several channels. Greater exposure to tobacco marketing was associated with increased susceptibility to smoking and decreased risk perception. These findings support a comprehensive ban on tobacco marketing in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Nian
- Department of Health, Behaviour & Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Graziele Grilo
- Department of Health, Behaviour & Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Department of Health, Behaviour & Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katherine C Smith
- Department of Health, Behaviour & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Maria Guadalupe Flores Escartin
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Meghan B Moran
- Department of Health, Behaviour & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Astudillo-García CI, Austria-Corrales F, Rivera-Rivera L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Gómez-García JA, Séris-Martinez M, Jiménez-Tapia A, Robles R, Morales-Chainé S, López-Montoya A, Cuevas-Renaud C, Toledano-Toledano F. Measurement invariance of the GAD-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale in a Mexican general population sample. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:973134. [PMID: 36299536 PMCID: PMC9590252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.973134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the measurement of invariance by sex, age, and educational level of an online version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale in a five-item version (GAD-5). Configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance were evaluated using data from 79,473 respondents who answered a mental health questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. The sex variable was classified as male or female; age was categorized as minors, youth, young adults, adults, and older adults; and educational level was divided into basic, upper secondary, higher, and graduate education. To test for configural invariance, confirmatory factor models were constructed. For metric invariance, equality restrictions were established for the factor loadings between the construct and its items; for scalar invariance, equality restrictions were established between the intercepts; strict variance implied the additional restriction of the residuals. Statistical analysis was performed in R software with the lavaan package. The results show that with respect to sex, age, and educational level, configural and metric measurement invariance was confirmed (ΔCFI < 0.002; ΔRMSEA < 0.015). However, with respect to scalar and strict invariance, the results showed significant differences regarding the fit model (ΔCFI > 0.002; ΔRMSEA > 0.015). We conclude that the GAD-5 presents configural and metric invariance for sex, age, and educational level, and scalar invariance for sex and age groups. However, the scale does not demonstrate strict invariance. We discuss the implications and suggest that this result could be related to the evaluation of sociodemographic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - José Alberto Gómez-García
- Secretariado Técnico del Consejo Nacional de Salud Mental (STCONSAME), Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marina Séris-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Tapia
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rebeca Robles
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Silvia Morales-Chainé
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Corina Cuevas-Renaud
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Filiberto Toledano-Toledano
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Sociomédica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, México
- Dirección de Investigación y Diseminación del Conocimiento, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias e Innovación para la Formación de Comunidad Científica, INDEHUS, Ciudad de México, México
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14
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Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Sáenz-de-Miera B, Llorente B, Maldonado N, Shanon G, Jha P. Beneficios del impuesto a los cigarros en México: análisis por sexo y quintil de ingreso. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2022; 46:e80. [PMID: 36211240 PMCID: PMC9534347 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2022.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo. Estimar los beneficios económicos y en salud, por sexo y por quintil de ingreso, del incremento de los precios de los cigarros mediante impuestos en México. Métodos. Con un modelo de costo-efectividad extendido (ECEA, por su sigla en inglés) se estimaron los beneficios distributivos en mujeres y hombres con un escenario de incremento del precio de los cigarros de 44% (de 56,4 pesos mexicanos [MX$] a MX$81,2 por cajetilla), como resultado de triplicar el impuesto específico actual (de MX$0,49/cigarro a MX$1,49/cigarro). El modelo se calibró con fuentes oficiales de información nacional Resultados. Con el incremento del impuesto de un peso por cigarro, cerca de 1,5 millones de fumadores abandonarían el consumo (351 300 mujeres y 1,1 millón de hombres). Así, se evitarían aproximadamente 630 000 muertes prematuras atribuibles al tabaco. La reducción de la carga de enfermedad permitiría ahorros para el sector salud cercanos a MX$42 800 millones y evitaría que más de 250 000 personas (entre ellas, 50 200 mujeres fumadoras) cayeran en situación de pobreza. Además, se recaudarían MX$16 200 millones adicionales por año, de los cuales el quintil más bajo aportaría menos de 3% (1% en el caso de las mujeres de menores ingresos). Conclusiones. La epidemia de tabaquismo tiene patrones claramente diferenciados entre mujeres y hombres y reflejan un componente de género. Si bien los beneficios del impuesto al tabaco en México tendrían magnitudes relativas al estado actual de la epidemia en cada caso, estos podrían contribuir a un objetivo más amplio de justicia social mediante la reducción de las inequidades de género.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, México
| | | | | | - Norman Maldonado
- Centro de Estudios en Protección Social y Economía de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Geordan Shanon
- Centre for Gender and Global Health, University College, Londres, Inglaterra
| | - Prabhat Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canadá
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15
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Blanco Marquizo A, Bianco E, Paraje G, Gouda HN, Birckmayer J, Welding K, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Foster ND, Roa R, Sandoval RC, Bialous SA. Moving forward in the Americas: tobacco control fosters sustainable development. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2022; 46:e139. [PMID: 36211242 PMCID: PMC9534342 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2022.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Blanco Marquizo
- Head of the Secretariat of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eduardo Bianco
- Director of International Policy Education in Addictions, Annenberg Physician Training Program at the Ulrich and Ruth Frank Foundation for International Health, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Guillermo Paraje
- Director de Investigación y Profesor Titular, Escuela de Negocios, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Evaluation and Analysis of Drug Policies (nDP), Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Hebe N. Gouda
- Project Officer for the Tobacco Free Initiative, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Birckmayer
- Public Health Advisor, Bloomberg Philanthropies, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kevin Welding
- Associate Director, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Nicole D. Foster
- Law Lecturer & Head, Law & Health Research Unit, Faculty of Law, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Barbados
| | - Reina Roa
- Coordinadora de la Comisión Nacional de Control de Tabaco, Punto Focal Nacional ante la Secretaria del Convenio Marco de la OMS para el Control de Tabaco y Representante de la Región de las Américas en la Mesa de la Reunión de las Partes del Protocolo para la Eliminación del Comercio ilícito de Productos de Tabaco, Ministerio de Salud de Panamá, Panamá, Panamá
| | - Rosa Carolina Sandoval
- Regional Advisor, Tobacco Control and Economics of Non-Communicable Diseases, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Stella Aguinaga Bialous
- Professor, Social Behavioral and Sciences Department, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
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16
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Ponce-Hernandez DJ, Sordo L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Regidor-Poyatos E, Henares-Montiel J, Calderón-Villarreal A. Progress and challenges in tobacco control policies in Mexico, 2003-2017: an approach using the Tobacco Control Scale. J Public Health Policy 2022; 43:431-444. [PMID: 36038768 DOI: 10.1057/s41271-022-00359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to assess the implementation of tobacco control policies in Mexico from 2003 through 2017 using the Tobacco Control Scale (TCS). The TCS is a research tool widely used in the European region. It facilitates assessment of tobacco control policy implementation based on six cost-effective interventions: tobacco taxes, smoke-free policies, advertising bans, public spending on the information campaign, health warnings, and smoking cessation treatment, reflecting results in a total score between 0 and 100. From 2003 through 2017, Mexico's total score improved from 24/100 to 55/100, with substantial progress in raising tobacco taxes, 11 subnational smoke-free laws, and with placement on cigarette packs of large health warnings with pictograms. Progress in tobacco control policies implemented in this period corresponds with a decrease in smoking prevalence across Mexico. This tool is useful for monitoring tobacco policy implementation in low- and middle-income countries and be used for advocacy purposes to enforce and improve tobacco control legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delta Jeazul Ponce-Hernandez
- Department of Public Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Sordo
- Department of Public Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Department of Smoking Prevention and Control, Center for Population Research, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Av. Universidad 655, CP 62100, Cuernavaca, Mor, Mexico.
| | - Enrique Regidor-Poyatos
- Department of Public Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Henares-Montiel
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Alhelí Calderón-Villarreal
- University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, USA.,San Diego State University (SDSU), San Diego, CA, USA
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Vidaña-Perez D, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Antonio-Ochoa E, Ávila-Valdez SL, Barrientos-Gutiérrez I. The fallacy of science is science: the impact of conflict of interest in vaping articles. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2022; 46:e81. [PMID: 35702716 PMCID: PMC9186096 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2022.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To explore the association between reporting conflict of interest (COI) and having a positive outcome toward vaping in scientific articles. Methods. A cross-sectional study that analyzed a sample of 697 articles published between 2017 and 2020 regarding vaping. Information on the reporting of COI, type of COI (no conflict, conflict with the tobacco industry, pharmaceutical industry, or other), and country of publication were collected. To explore the association between reporting COI and having a positive result for vaping, two logistic regression models were fitted, both adjusted by country of publication. Results. From 88 articles that reported COI, 23 reported COI with the tobacco industry, 44 with the pharmaceutical industry, and 21 reported another type of conflict. We found that reporting any type of COI increased by 4.7 times the odds (OR 4.70; 95% CI [2.89, 7.65]) of having a positive result for vaping. Additionally, compared to other countries, manuscripts published in England had 2 times higher odds (OR 2.40; 95% CI [1.16, 4.98]) of reporting a positive result for vaping. Reporting COI with the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries increased the odds of favorable results by 29 times (OR 29.95; 95% CI [9.84, 90.98]) and 2 times (OR 2.87; 95% CI [1.45, 5.69]), respectively. Conclusions. In scientific articles, reporting COI and having positive results for vaping are highly associated. COI should be considered and caution should be exercised when using data for policy-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dèsirée Vidaña-Perez
- National Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca Mexico National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | | | - Sandra L Ávila-Valdez
- National Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca Mexico National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez
- National Institute of Public Health Cuernavaca Mexico National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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18
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Rodríguez-Bolaños R, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Rojas-Carmona A, Cartujano-Barrera F, Arana-Chicas E, Cupertino AP, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. Practice, barriers, and facilitators of healthcare providers in smoking cessation in Mexico. Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) 2022; 32:184-194. [PMID: 35094967 PMCID: PMC10067257 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcle.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical practice, barriers, and facilitators in promoting smoking cessation in primary healthcare clinics in Mexico City. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mixed method design was used. Surveys (n = 70) and semi-structured interviews (n = 9) were conducted with health personnel involved in smoking cessation clinics. RESULTS Quantitative data revealed that physicians were more likely than nurses to 1) ask patients if they smoke (57.9% vs 34.5%, p = .057), 2) ask patients if they are interested in quitting smoking (65.7% vs 26.9%, p = .003), 3) provide advice to quit smoking (54.3% vs 29.2%, p = .056), and 4) assess whether pharmacotherapy is needed (21.9% vs 10%, p = .285). Qualitative data showed that nurses were more likely than physicians to report lack of resources to refer patients to smoking cessation services, lack of pharmacotherapy availability, and lack of provider training in smoking cessation. Reported barriers include lack of motivation among patients, lack of time for assessment, long appointment wait times, and lack of training. Reported facilitators include existence of smoking cessation programmes and pharmacotherapy at no cost to the patient, and having a multidisciplinary team. CONCLUSIONS Due to numerous barriers, smoking cessation interventions are partially implemented in primary care clinics in Mexico City. A restructuring of services is necessary, and nurses should be given a more prominent role.
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Barrera-Núñez DA, Rengifo-Reina HA, López-Olmedo N, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. Cambios en los patrones de consumo de alcohol y tabaco antes y durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Ensanut 2018 y 2020. Salud Publica Mex 2022; 64:137-147. [DOI: 10.21149/12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo. Examinar los cambios en la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol y tabaco antes y durante la pandemia de Covid-19 en México. Material y métodos. Se utilizaron datos de las Ensanut 2018 y 2020 para adolescentes y adultos y se obtuvieron prevalencias de consumo actual y excesivo de alcohol y de fumadores actuales y exfumadores. Resultados. El consumo de alcohol en mujeres incrementó de 33.5% en 2018 a 42.5% en 2020, mientras que en los hombres no hubo cambios significativos. En el mismo periodo, la prevalencia de consumo excesivo de alcohol disminuyó de 11.1 a 5.5% en mujeres y de 36.7 a 18.3% en hombres. La prevalencia de mujeres fumadoras disminuyó de 9.5 a 7.2%. En adolescentes, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol y tabaco. Conclusión. El consumo de alcohol y tabaco continúa siendo elevado en adolescentes y adultos mexicanos. Urge la implementación de las medidas SAFER y MPOWER para abatir sinérgicamente estas epidemias.
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20
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Maldonado N, Llorente B, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Saenz-de-Miera B, Jha P, Shannon G. Tobacco Taxes as the Unsung Hero: Impact of a Tax Increase on Advancing Sustainable Development in Colombia. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604353. [PMID: 35431761 PMCID: PMC9006985 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Tobacco taxes are a well-established cost-effective policy to prevent Noncommunicable Diseases. This paper evaluates the expected effects of a tobacco tax increase on the Sustainable Development Goals in Colombia. Methods: We use microsimulation to build an artificial society that mimics the observed characteristics of Colombia's population, and from there we simulate the behavioral response to a tax increase of COP$4,750 (an increase that has been discussed by policy makers and legislators) and the subsequent effects in all SDGs. Results: The tobacco tax hike reduces the number of smokers (from 4.51 to 3.45 MM smokers) and smoking intensity, resulting in a drop in the number of cigarettes smoked in Colombia (from 332.3 to 215.5 MM of 20-stick packs). Such reduction is expected to decrease premature mortality, healthcare costs, poverty and people facing catastrophic expenditure on healthcare, to increase health, income and gender equity, and to strengthen domestic resource mobilization even in the presence of illicit cigarettes. Conclusion: Tobacco taxes are an effective intervention for public health and a powerful instrument to advance on the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. Relevance: A comprehensive analysis of the impact of tobacco taxes on all areas of Sustainable Development is missing in the empirical literature. Such perspective is needed to break the barriers for further tobacco tax increases by gathering wider societal support, especially from stakeholders and key decision makers from development areas other than health. SDG Nr: SDG3 (health), SDG 1 (no poverty), SDG 4 (education), SDG 5 (gender equality), SDG6 (water), SDG10 (inequality), SDG12 (responsible production and consumption), SDG17 (partnerships).
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Maldonado
- Research Center on Health Economics and Social Protection (PROESA), Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
- Global Tobacco Economics Consortium (GTEC), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Blanca Llorente
- Global Tobacco Economics Consortium (GTEC), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Fundación Anáas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Global Tobacco Economics Consortium (GTEC), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Belen Saenz-de-Miera
- Global Tobacco Economics Consortium (GTEC), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, México
| | - Prabhat Jha
- Global Tobacco Economics Consortium (GTEC), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Centre for Global Health Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Geordan Shannon
- Global Tobacco Economics Consortium (GTEC), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Sóñora G, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Barnoya J, Llorente B, Szklo AS, Thrasher JF. Achievements, challenges, priorities and needs to address the current tobacco epidemic in Latin America. Tob Control 2022; 31:138-141. [PMID: 35241577 PMCID: PMC8908794 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-057007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Most Latin American countries have signed and ratified the FCTC, although implementation has been uneven. Countries across the region were relatively quick to adopt mandatory smoke-free workplace policies, but regional progress in other areas has been slower. In taxation, for example, Uruguay and Brazil have made considerable progress while Paraguay and Bolivia have relatively weak policies. More recently, the region is grappling with challenges regulating novel tobacco and nicotine products. Market share for flavor capsule cigarettes in Latin America is the highest in the world; electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products are, for the most part, dissimilarly regulated; and uptake of these emerging products by adolescents and young adults is on the rise. In examining the needs and challenges in the region, we conclude that the adoption of a strong regulatory framework based on the FCTC and its Protocols is needed to accelerate a positive public health impact. In particular, countries in the region need more consistent progress in implementing FCTC provisions while strengthening regulation of flavored tobacco products, electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products. Failing to do so threatens to undermine the progress Latin America has made in tobacco use prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Sóñora
- Tobacco Control, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Joaquin Barnoya
- Departamento de Investigacion, Unidad de Cirugia Cardiovascular, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | | | - André Salem Szklo
- Population Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - James F Thrasher
- Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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22
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Saenz-de-Miera B, Wu DC, Essue BM, Maldonado N, Jha P, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. The distributional effects of tobacco tax increases across regions in Mexico: an extended cost-effectiveness analysis. Int J Equity Health 2022; 21:8. [PMID: 35057813 PMCID: PMC8772114 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown the beneficial effects of tobacco fiscal policy, but distributional effects have been less examined, especially at the subnational level. The objective of this study is to analyse the distributional effects of a one-peso tobacco tax increase (roughly equivalent to tripling the current excise tax) on health, poverty, and financial outcomes at the subnational level in Mexico. METHODS We employ an extended cost-effectiveness analysis that estimates life-years gained, smoking attributable deaths averted, treatment costs averted, number of persons avoiding poverty and catastrophic health expenditures, and additional tax revenues by income group across five regions. RESULTS With the one-peso tax increase (or 44% price increase), about 1.5 million smokers would quit smoking across the five regions, resulting in nearly 630 thousand premature deaths averted and 12.6 million life years gained. The bottom income quintile would gain three times more life years gains than the top quintile (ratio 3:1), and the largest gain for the most deprived would occur in the South (ratio 19:1), the region with the highest poverty incidence. Costs averted and additional tax revenues would reach 44.6 and 16.2 billion pesos, respectively. Moreover, 251 thousand individuals would avoid falling into poverty, including 53.2 in the lowest income quintile, and 563.9 thousand would avoid catastrophic health expenditures. Overall, the bottom income group would obtain 26% of the life years gained and 24% of the cost averted, while only paying 3% of the additional tax revenue. CONCLUSIONS The most significant gains from a substantial cigarette price increase would be for the poorest 20%, especially in the South, the most impoverished region of Mexico. Therefore, tobacco taxes are an opportunity for governments to advance in equity and towards the achievement of sustainable development goals on non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Saenz-de-Miera
- Department of Economics, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur Km 5.5, 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
| | - Daphne C Wu
- Centre for Global Health Research, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Beverly M Essue
- Centre for Global Health Research, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Prabhat Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Grilo G, Lagasse LP, Cohen JE, Moran MB, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Smith KC. "It's all About the Colors:" How do Mexico City Youth Perceive Cigarette Pack Design. Int J Public Health 2021; 66:585434. [PMID: 34744557 PMCID: PMC8565279 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2021.585434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Cigarette packs are relevant to branding strategies, designed to appeal to specific groups. There is little research on how pack features increase product appeal among key constituents such as youth in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We conducted 10 focus group discussions (FGDs) with adolescents and 5 FGDs with young adult smokers in Mexico City, separated by age, gender, smoking, and socioeconomic status. Participants separated 23 cigarette packs into “appealing” and “unappealing” groups, and were asked to explain their decisions, describing the features that supported their views. FGDs were video-recorded, transcribed in Spanish, translated into English, and subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Pack groupings did not differ greatly across FGDs; bold, contrasting colors and elements communicating flavor and promotion increased cigarette pack appeal and desire to try. Participants perceived packs with these features to be used by and designed for youth, like themselves. Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the importance of packaging design in attracting new consumers and maintaining current ones. Mexico should consider stronger tobacco advertising policies that include packaging color and depiction of flavor to reduce product appeal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Grilo
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lisa P Lagasse
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Meghan B Moran
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Katherine C Smith
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Rivera-Rivera L, Séris-Martínez M, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Villalobos A, Jaen-Cortés CI, Natera-Rey G. Factores asociados con el consumo excesivo de alcohol: Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19. Salud Publica Mex 2021; 63:789-798. [PMID: 35099897 DOI: 10.21149/13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo. Conocer la magnitud del consumo excesivo de alcohol (CEA) y su asociación con los factores individuales, familiares y sociales entre agosto y noviembre de 2020 en México. Material y métodos. Con base en los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19, se analizaron 8 595 adultos mayores de 20 años. Se estimaron modelos de regresión logística estratificados por sexo y se obtuvieron razones de momios (RM) con intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). Resultados. El CEA fue de 40.43%; hombres 56.49% y mujeres 25.70%. Los principales factores asociados fueron ser hombre (RM=3.66; IC95%: 3.22,4.12), edad de 20 a 29 años (RM=3.65; IC95%: 2.89,4.63), salir a trabajar durante la pandemia (RM=1.56; IC95%: 1.33,1.81) y tener dos o más escolares en el hogar (RM=1.20; IC95%: 1.03,1.39). Conclusiones. En México, el patrón de CEA es prevalente; por su naturaleza de riesgo y su amplia distribución poblacional, es prioritario implementar intervenciones preventivas individuales y de salud pública.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | - Marina Séris-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | | | - Aremis Villalobos
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México..
| | | | - Guillermina Natera-Rey
- Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Dr. Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. Ciudad de México, México..
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Rivera-Rivera L, Fonseca-Pedrero E, Séris-Martínez M, Vázquez-Sala A, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. [Prevalence and psychological factors associated withsuicidal behavior in adolescents. Ensanut 2018-19]. Salud Publica Mex 2021; 62:672-681. [PMID: 33620964 DOI: 10.21149/11555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of suicidal behavior and its association with psychological factors in Mexican adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study based on the National Survey of Health and Nutrition (Ensanut 2018-19), with a sample of 17 995 adolescents (10-19 years). Adjusted logistic regression models were estimated, obtaining Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS Prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in Mexico were 5.1 and 3.9%, respectively; the high-est prevalence was in Guanajuato (ideation: 9.0%, attempt: 7.8%). Associated factors. Suicidal ideation: tobacco (OR= 2.26; 95%CI: 1.62-3.16), alcohol (OR= 2.12; 95%CI: 1.65-2.73), depressive symptoms (OR= 6.04; 95%CI: 4.71-7.73), sexual abuse (OR= 6.57; 95%CI: 4.57-9.45). Suicidal attempt: tobacco (OR= 2.17; 95%CI: 1.49-3.15), alcohol (OR= 2.32; 95%CI:1.77-3.03), depressive symptoms (OR= 6.47; 95% CI: 4.91-8.51), sexual abuse (OR= 6.76; 95%CI: 4.60-9.96). CONCLUSIONS By increasing suicidal behavior in Mexican adolescents, it is necessary to implement preventive public policies that articulate mental health, addiction and violence programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero
- Dirección del Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de La Rioja. La Rioja, España
| | - Marina Séris-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Argelia Vázquez-Sala
- Conacyt, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Rivera-Rivera L, Natera-Rey G, Séris-Martínez M, Leyva-López A, Zavala-Arciniega L, Ortega-Ceballos PA, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. Encodat 2016: Violencia de pareja y uso de tabaco, alcohol y drogas. Nuevos retos para la salud mental. Salud Publica Mex 2021; 63:630-640. [PMID: 35099886 DOI: 10.21149/12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de violencia de pareja por sexo y su asociación con el uso de tabaco, alcohol y drogas en México. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal de la Encuesta Nacional de Consumo de Drogas, Alcohol y Tabaco 2016, que incluyó a 34 861 personas de 12 a 65 años. Se esti-maron modelos de regresión logística para obtener razones de momios (RM) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). Resultados. La prevalencia de violencia de pareja fue de 15.14%; 18.16% en mujeres y 11.89% en hombres. Factores asociados: consumo excesivo de alcohol (RM: 1.64; IC95% 1.38-1.96), consumo de tabaco (RM:1.71;IC95% 1.42-2.07), consumo de medicamentos psicotrópicos sin receta (RM: 3.72; IC95% 1.76-7.88) y consumo de marihuana (RM: 3.06; IC95%: 1.58-5.91). Conclusiones. Los resultados apoyan la necesidad de implementar intervenciones multisectoriales, fortalecer competencias psicosociales para lograr la mejora de la calidad y acceso a los servicios de salud mental y adic-ciones en México.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Guillermina Natera-Rey
- Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Dr. Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Marina Séris-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Ahidée Leyva-López
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Escuela de Salud Pública de la Universidad de Michigan. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Estados Unidos.
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Rodríguez-Bolaños R, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Rojas-Carmona A, Cartujano-Barrera F, Arana-Chicas E, Cupertino AP, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. Prácticas, barreras y facilitadores de proveedores de salud en clínicas para dejar de fumar en México. Enfermería Clínica 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu DC, Shannon G, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Saenz de Miera B, Llorente B, Jha P. Implications of household tobacco and alcohol use on child health and women's welfare in six low and middle-income countries: An analysis from a gender perspective. Soc Sci Med 2021; 281:114102. [PMID: 34118685 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the implications of household tobacco and alcohol use on child health and women's welfare using a gender lens in Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, and Nigeria with varied geographical and cultural characteristics in the pattern of tobacco and alcohol use. METHODS We identified child health and women's welfare outcomes that may be impacted by tobacco and alcohol use, with a focus on the crowding-out effects on household resource allocation. For child health indicators, we focussed on engagement in preventative care, nutrition, and responses to acute illness. For women, we focused on access to resources for health-seeking and intimate partner violence (IPV). We used logistic regression to determine the association between household gender tobacco and/or alcohol use on child health and women's welfare, using data from six nationally-representative Demographic and Health Surveys, with each having a sample size of 5000-30,000 households and conducted after 2010. RESULTS Children in households where men and women use tobacco are significantly less likely to receive the full schedule of Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus (DPT) vaccine in India, Indonesia, and Jordan (Odds ratio or OR; ORIndia = 0.67, p < 0.001; ORIndonesia = 0.55, p = 0.028; ORJordan = 0.45, p = 0.048), and all basic vaccinations as well as receive appropriate treatment for fever/diarrhoea in India and Indonesia (all basic vaccinations: ORIndia = 0.78, p < 0.001, ORIndonesia = 0.43, p = 0.009; treatment for fever/diarrhoea: ORIndia = 0.65, p < 0.001; ORIndonesia = 0.50, p = 0.038). In most countries, women are significantly more likely to experience IPV when their husband/partner uses tobacco and/or alcohol. CONCLUSIONS Across a diverse set of countries with varied cultural characteristics which affect the uptake and use of tobacco and alcohol, tobacco and alcohol use are associated with crowding-out of acute and preventative health-related behaviours and crowding-in of harmful behaviours. This has significant implications for tobacco and alcohol control programmes, and positions tobacco and alcohol control as central to human capital initiatives and in achieving health for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne C Wu
- Centre for Global Health Research, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Geordan Shannon
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Avenida Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlan, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Belen Saenz de Miera
- Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, KM 5.5., 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Blanca Llorente
- Fundación Anáas, Carrera 11A # 90 - 16, Oficina 509, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Prabhat Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1W8, Canada.
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Sánchez-Romero LM, Zavala-Arciniega L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, de Miera-Juárez BS, Yuan Z, Li Y, Lau YK, Fleischer NL, Meza R, Thrasher JF, Levy DT. The Mexico SimSmoke tobacco control policy model: Development of a simulation model of daily and nondaily cigarette smoking. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248215. [PMID: 34153063 PMCID: PMC8216521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nondaily smoking has been on the rise, especially in Mexico. While Mexico has strengthened its tobacco control policies, their effects on nondaily smokers have gone largely unexamined. We developed a simulation model to estimate the impact of tobacco control policies on daily and nondaily smoking in Mexico. METHODS A previously validated Mexico SimSmoke model that estimated overall trends in smoking prevalence from 2002 through 2013 was extended to 2018 and adapted to distinguish daily and nondaily smoking prevalence. The model was then validated using data from Mexican surveys through 2016. To gauge the potential effects of policies, we compared the trends in smoking under current policies with trends from policies kept at their 2002 levels. RESULTS Between 2002 and 2016, Mexico SimSmoke underestimated the reduction in male and female daily smoking rates. For nondaily smoking, SimSmoke predicted a decline among both males and females, while survey rates showed increasing rates in both genders, primarily among ages 15-44. Of the total reduction in smoking rates predicted by the model by 2018, tax policies account for more than 55%, followed by health warnings, cessation treatment, smoke-free air laws, and tobacco control spending. CONCLUSIONS Although Mexico SimSmoke did not successfully explain trends in daily and nondaily smoking, it helps to identify gaps in surveillance and policy evaluation for nondaily smokers. Future research should consider appropriate measures of nondaily smoking prevalence, trajectories between daily and nondaily smoking, and the separate impact of tobacco control policies on each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz María Sánchez-Romero
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Tobacco Research Department, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, México
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | | | - Zhe Yuan
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Yameng Li
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Yan Kwan Lau
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nancy L. Fleischer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James F. Thrasher
- Tobacco Research Department, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, México
- Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - David T. Levy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
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Reitsma MB, Kendrick PJ, Ababneh E, Abbafati C, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abdoli A, Abedi A, Abhilash ES, Abila DB, Aboyans V, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Adebayo OM, Advani SM, Aghaali M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmadi K, Ahmed H, Aji B, Akunna CJ, Al-Aly Z, Alanzi TM, Alhabib KF, Ali L, Alif SM, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alla F, Allebeck P, Alvis-Guzman N, Amin TT, Amini S, Amu H, Amul GGH, Ancuceanu R, Anderson JA, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antonio CAT, Antony B, Anvari D, Arabloo J, Arian ND, Arora M, Asaad M, Ausloos M, Awan AT, Ayano G, Aynalem GL, Azari S, B DB, Badiye AD, Baig AA, Bakhshaei MH, Banach M, Banik PC, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen TW, Barqawi HJ, Basu S, Bayati M, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Behzadifar M, Bekuma TT, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Berfield KSS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhattacharyya K, Bibi S, Bijani A, Bintoro BS, Biondi A, Birara S, Braithwaite D, Brenner H, Brunoni AR, Burkart K, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cámera LA, Car J, Cárdenas R, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Cattaruzza MSS, Chang JC, Chen S, Chu DT, Chung SC, Cirillo M, Costa VM, Couto RAS, Dadras O, Dai X, Damasceno AAM, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Darega Gela J, Davletov K, Derbew Molla M, Dessie GA, Desta AA, Dharmaratne SD, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Do HT, Douiri A, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Eagan AW, Ebrahimi Kalan M, Edvardsson K, Elbarazi I, El Tantawi M, Esmaeilnejad S, Fadhil I, Faraon EJA, Farinha CSES, Farwati M, Farzadfar F, Fazlzadeh M, Feigin VL, Feldman R, Fernandez Prendes C, Ferrara P, Filip I, Filippidis F, Fischer F, Flor LS, Foigt NA, Folayan MO, Foroutan M, Gad MM, Gaidhane AM, Gallus S, Geberemariyam BS, Ghafourifard M, Ghajar A, Ghashghaee A, Giampaoli S, Gill PS, Glozah FN, Gnedovskaya EV, Golechha M, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Goulart AC, Greaves F, Guha A, Guo Y, Gupta B, Gupta RD, Gupta R, Gupta T, Gupta V, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haider MR, Hamadeh RR, Hankey GJ, Hargono A, Hartono RK, Hassankhani H, Hay SI, Heidari G, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Hird TR, Hole MK, Holla R, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsiao T, Huang J, Iannucci VC, Ibitoye SE, Idrisov B, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Inbaraj LR, Irvani SSN, Islam JY, Islam RM, Islam SMS, Islami F, Iso H, Itumalla R, Iwagami M, Jaafari J, Jain V, Jakovljevic M, Jang SI, Janjani H, Jayaram S, Jeemon P, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joo T, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kalankesh LR, Kanchan T, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Karimi SE, Katikireddi SV, Kebede HK, Kelkay B, Kennedy RD, Khoja AT, Khubchandani J, Kim GR, Kim YE, Kimokoti RW, Kivimäki M, Kosen S, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kusuma D, Lacey B, Lam JO, Landires I, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Lee DW, Lee YH, Leung J, Li S, Lin H, Linn S, Liu W, Lopez AD, Lopukhov PD, Lorkowski S, Lugo A, Majeed A, Maleki A, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manjunatha N, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Martinez-Raga J, Martini S, Mathur MR, Medina-Solís CE, Mehata S, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Miazgowski B, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Misra S, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohammad Y, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moradi G, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradzadeh R, Morrison SD, Mossie TB, Mubarik S, Mullany EC, Murray CJL, Naghavi M, Naghshtabrizi B, Nair S, Nalini M, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Naveed M, Nayak S, Nayak VC, Nazari J, Nduaguba SO, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Nguyen SH, Nguyen TH, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Norrving B, Noubiap JJ, Nowak C, Ogbo FA, Oguntade AS, Oh IH, Olagunju AT, Oren E, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Pakhale S, Pakshir K, Palladino R, Pana A, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Parekh U, Park EC, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Patton GC, Pawar S, Pestell RG, Pinheiro M, Piradov MA, Pirouzpanah S, Pokhrel KN, Polibin RV, Prashant A, Pribadi DRA, Radfar A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman A, Rahman MHU, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rajai N, Ram P, Ranabhat CL, Rathi P, Rawal L, Renzaho AMN, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Rezapour A, Riahi SM, Riaz MA, Roever L, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roy A, Roy B, Sacco S, Saddik B, Sahebkar A, Salehi S, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Samy AM, Santos IS, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sarrafzadegan N, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schaub MP, Schmidt MI, Schneider IJC, Schutte AE, Schwendicke F, Seidu AA, Senthil Kumar N, Sepanlou SG, Seylani A, Shafaat O, Shah SM, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shannawaz M, Sharafi K, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shishani K, Shivakumar KM, Shivalli S, Shrestha R, Siabani S, Sidemo NB, Sigfusdottir ID, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silva DAS, Silva JP, Singh A, Singh JA, Singh V, Sinha DN, Sitas F, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Soboka M, Soriano JB, Soroush A, Soshnikov S, Soyiri IN, Spurlock EE, Sreeramareddy CT, Stein DJ, Steiropoulos P, Stortecky S, Straif K, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sulo G, Sundström J, Tabuchi T, Tadakamadla SK, Taddele BW, Tadesse EG, Tamiru AT, Tareke M, Tareque MI, Tarigan IU, Temsah MH, Thankappan KR, Thapar R, Tichopad A, Tolani MA, Topouzis F, Tovani-Palone MR, Tran BX, Tripathy JP, Tsegaye GW, Tsilimparis N, Tymeson HD, Ullah A, Ullah S, Unim B, Updike RL, Vacante M, Valdez PR, Vardavas C, Varona Pérez P, Vasankari TJ, Venketasubramanian N, Verma M, Vetrova MV, Vo B, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wang Y, Welding K, Werdecker A, Whisnant JL, Wickramasinghe ND, Yamagishi K, Yandrapalli S, Yatsuya H, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yeshaw Y, Yimmer MZ, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Yunusa I, Yusefzadeh H, Zahirian Moghadam T, Zaman MS, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zar HJ, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zavala-Arciniega L, Zhang J, Zhang ZJ, Zhong C, Zuniga YMH, Gakidou E. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2021; 397:2337-2360. [PMID: 34051883 PMCID: PMC8223261 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally. METHODS We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health outcomes to estimate non-linear dose-response risk curves for current and former smokers. We used a direct estimation approach to estimate attributable burden, providing more comprehensive estimates of the health effects of smoking than previously available. FINDINGS Globally in 2019, 1·14 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·13-1·16) individuals were current smokers, who consumed 7·41 trillion (7·11-7·74) cigarette-equivalents of tobacco in 2019. Although prevalence of smoking had decreased significantly since 1990 among both males (27·5% [26·5-28·5] reduction) and females (37·7% [35·4-39·9] reduction) aged 15 years and older, population growth has led to a significant increase in the total number of smokers from 0·99 billion (0·98-1·00) in 1990. Globally in 2019, smoking tobacco use accounted for 7·69 million (7·16-8·20) deaths and 200 million (185-214) disability-adjusted life-years, and was the leading risk factor for death among males (20·2% [19·3-21·1] of male deaths). 6·68 million [86·9%] of 7·69 million deaths attributable to smoking tobacco use were among current smokers. INTERPRETATION In the absence of intervention, the annual toll of 7·69 million deaths and 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking will increase over the coming decades. Substantial progress in reducing the prevalence of smoking tobacco use has been observed in countries from all regions and at all stages of development, but a large implementation gap remains for tobacco control. Countries have a clear and urgent opportunity to pass strong, evidence-based policies to accelerate reductions in the prevalence of smoking and reap massive health benefits for their citizens. FUNDING Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Pérez-Rubio G, López-Flores LA, Cupertino AP, Cartujano-Barrera F, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Ramírez M, Ellerbeck EF, Rodríguez-Bolaños R, Falfan-Valencia R. Genetic Variants in Smoking-Related Genes in Two Smoking Cessation Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18126597. [PMID: 34205269 PMCID: PMC8296383 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified variants in genes encoding proteins associated with the degree of addiction, smoking onset, and cessation. We aimed to describe thirty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven candidate genomic regions spanning six genes associated with tobacco-smoking in a cross-sectional study from two different interventions for quitting smoking: (1) thirty-eight smokers were recruited via multimedia to participate in e-Decídete! program (e-Dec) and (2) ninety-four attended an institutional smoking cessation program on-site. SNPs genotyping was done by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. The analysis of alleles and genotypes was carried out using the EpiInfo v7. on-site subjects had more years smoking and tobacco index than e-Dec smokers (p < 0.05, both); in CYP2A6 we found differences in the rs28399433 (p < 0.01), the e-Dec group had a higher frequency of TT genotype (0.78 vs. 0.35), and TG genotype frequency was higher in the on-site group (0.63 vs. 0.18), same as GG genotype (0.03 vs. 0.02). Moreover, three SNPs in NRXN1, two in CHRNA3, and two in CHRNA5 had differences in genotype frequencies (p < 0.01). Cigarettes per day were different (p < 0.05) in the metabolizer classification by CYP2A6 alleles. In conclusion, subjects attending a mobile smoking cessation intervention smoked fewer cigarettes per day, by fewer years, and by fewer cumulative pack-years. There were differences in the genotype frequencies of SNPs in genes related to nicotine metabolism and nicotine dependence. Slow metabolizers smoked more cigarettes per day than intermediate and normal metabolizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (L.A.L.-F.)
| | - Luis Alberto López-Flores
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (L.A.L.-F.)
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA; (A.P.C.); (F.C.-B.)
| | - Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA; (A.P.C.); (F.C.-B.)
| | | | - Mariana Ramírez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (M.R.); (E.F.E.)
| | - Edward F. Ellerbeck
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (M.R.); (E.F.E.)
| | - Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños
- Department of Tobacco Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (L.M.R.-S.); (R.R.-B.)
| | - Ramcés Falfan-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (G.P.-R.); (L.A.L.-F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5487-1700 (ext. 5152)
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Rodríguez-Bolaños R, Caballero M, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, González-Robledo LM, Cartujano-Barrera F, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Cupertino AP. Gender-related beliefs and attitudes about tobacco use and smoking cessation in Mexico. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:547-566. [PMID: 34178431 PMCID: PMC8204955 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1935963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While overall trends in tobacco use among men are declining, tobacco use continues to rise significantly among women in developing countries. This study aimed to explore the gender-related beliefs and attitudes about tobacco use and smoking cessation in Mexico, one of the top five Latin America countries with the highest prevalence of tobacco consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted using an explanatory qualitative methods design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 adults smokers (8 women & 6 men) who visited primary healthcare clinics in Mexico City. Two researchers independently coded the interviews and applied the final codes upon consensus. Inter-rater reliability was assessed for four groups of codewords (92% agreement), based on an ecological model on socio-cultural factors. FINDINGS Initiation to smoking in women begins out of curiosity, and in men by imitation. Also, women start using tobacco at an older age compared to men. During maintenance of smoking, women report experiencing loneliness and anxiety about multiple responsibilities, e.g. women reveal that they feel guilty when they smoke due to their maternal role as caregivers. Additionally, some women report that smoking is a symbol of freedom, recalling the media messages associated with promoting tobacco products. Among men, the results show that they smoke for pleasure and to socialize, and consider that women smoke to imitate men and feel powerful. Regarding cessation, women are ambivalent about quitting smoking or not, and men mention not needing professional support. For organizational barriers, women mention the cost of treatment and men, the distance to clinics. CONCLUSION Smoking cessation interventions should be proposed from an approach that involves changes in social norms, seeking a more equitable relationship between men and women. Therefore, there must be broad engagement from different sectors and not just at the health sector level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Caballero
- Faculty of Higher Studies of Cuautla, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, México
| | - Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Zavala-Arciniega L, Gutiérrez-Torres DS, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Barrientos-Gutiérrez I, Fleischer NL, Meza R, Thrasher JF. [Prevalence, proportion and correlates of flavorcapsule cigarette use in Mexico: results fromthe Ensanut 2018-19]. Salud Publica Mex 2021; 62:820-828. [PMID: 33620978 DOI: 10.21149/11566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of flavor capsule cigarette, use among Mexicans who are 10 years and older, to determine the proportion of smokers who use flavor capsules, and to characterize the sociodemographic correlates of flavor capsule cigarette use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018-19. The prevalence and proportion of flavor capsule cigarette use were estimated by sex, age, education, and wealth. Poisson models were used to evaluate sociodemographic factors as-sociated with flavor capsule cigarette use. RESULTS Among Mexicans,the prevalence of flavor capsule cigarettes use was 6.6%, which is 43% of all smokers. Women, adolescents, and young adults were more likely than other groups to use flavor capsule cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS Mexicans report a high prevalence of flavor capsule cigarette use. Banning cigarettes with flavors may reduce the appeal of smoking, particularly for youth and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Washington, United States of America
| | | | | | - Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Nancy L Fleischer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Washington, United States of America
| | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Washington, United States of America
| | - James F Thrasher
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.,Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina. Columbia, United States of America
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Bardach A, Rodríguez MB, Ciapponi A, Augustovski F, Andrea A, Soto N, Virgilio S, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Roberti J, Pichón-Riviere A. Smoke-Free Air Interventions in Seven Latin American Countries: Health and Financial Impact to Inform Evidence-Based Policy Implementation. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 22:2149-2157. [PMID: 32697824 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disease burden due to tobacco smoking in Latin America remains very high. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of implementing smoke-free air interventions on health and cost outcomes in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, using a mathematical model. AIMS AND METHODS We built a probabilistic Monte Carlo microsimulation model, considering natural history, direct health system costs, and quality of life impairment associated with main tobacco-related diseases. We followed individuals in hypothetical cohorts and calculated health outcomes on an annual basis to obtain aggregated 10-year population health outcomes (deaths and events) and costs. To populate the model, we completed an overview and systematic review of the literature. Also, we calibrated the model comparing the predicted disease-specific mortality rates with those coming from local national statistics. RESULTS With current policies, for the next 10 years, a total of 137 121 deaths and 917 210 events could be averted, adding 3.84 million years of healthy life and saving USD 9.2 billion in these seven countries. If countries fully implemented smoke-free air strategies, it would be possible to avert nearly 180 000 premature deaths and 1.2 million events, adding 5 million healthy years of life and saving USD 13.1 billion in direct healthcare. CONCLUSIONS Implementing the smoke-free air strategy would substantially reduce deaths, diseases, and health care costs attributed to smoking. Latin American countries should not delay the full implementation of this strategy. IMPLICATIONS Tobacco smoking is the single most preventable and premature mortality cause in the world. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, supported by the World Health Organization, introduced a package of evidence-based measures for tobacco control. This study adds quality evidence on the potential health effects and savings of implementing smoke-free air policies in countries representing almost 80% of the Latin America and the Caribbean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Bardach
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Rodríguez
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Ciapponi
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Augustovski
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alcaraz Andrea
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalie Soto
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sacha Virgilio
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Javier Roberti
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Pichón-Riviere
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Tami-Maury I, Suchil L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Garcia-Gomez L, Chen M, Shete S, Betancur A, Cinciripini PM, Hawk E, Garcia H. Cross-sectional survey for assessing cancer care providers' characteristics and attitudes on smoking cessation in Colombia and Mexico. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041447. [PMID: 33526497 PMCID: PMC7852943 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer care providers' (CCPs) attitudes towards smoking cessation are influenced by many factors, including their smoking status and knowledge. Our objective was to assess CCPs' characteristics, tobacco use and smoking cessation practices in two Latin American cancer centres. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTINGS Two urban cancer centres located in Colombia and Mexico. PARTICIPANTS A total of 238 CCPs. MEASURES Online survey consisted of 28 close-ended questions adapted from the 2012 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer survey and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey developed by the WHO. Means, frequencies and proportions were reported for each country. Factors associated to providing of smoking cessation treatment or referral at initial visit were evaluated using logistic regression. RESULTS Current smoking prevalence was 10.5% and 12.3% among Colombian and Mexican CCPs, respectively. Around three quarters of the Colombian (86.4%) and Mexican CCPs (66.1%) considered to have inadequate training in smoking cessation. Approximately two-thirds of Colombian (67.5%) and Mexican CCPs (63.9%) reported always or most of the time asking patients about tobacco use during the initial visit. In Colombia and Mexico, the most relevant barriers for providing cessation services were (1) difficulties for motivating patients with cancer, (2) patient resistance in quitting smoking, (3) lack of local resources or referral centres for smoking cessation and (4) lack of training in smoking cessation. CCPs appointed at Instituto Nacional de Cancerología were less likely to provide cessation treatment or referral to their patients if they had less than 50% of their time devoted to patient care and were former or current smokers. The regression model for Instituto de Cancerología did not retain statistically significant variables. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight an urgent need for assisting Latin American CCPs in their quitting efforts as well as expanding formal smoking cessation training specifically tailored to these professionals for improving patients' cancer prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Tami-Maury
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laura Suchil
- Institutional Liaison Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | | | - Leonor Garcia-Gomez
- Tobacco Smoking and COPD Research Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Mixing Chen
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Paul M Cinciripini
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ernest Hawk
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hector Garcia
- Research Unit, Instituto de Cancerologia, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia
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Zavala-Arciniega L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Levy DT, Lau YK, Meza R, Gutiérrez-Torres DS, Arillo-Santillán E, Fleischer NL, Thrasher J. Smoking trends in Mexico, 2002-2016: before and after the ratification of the WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Tob Control 2020; 29:687-691. [PMID: 32019893 PMCID: PMC7398822 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mexico was the first Latin American country to ratify the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2004, after which it implemented some key FCTC policies (e.g., taxes, smoke-free, pictorial warnings and ad bans). This study assessed trends in the prevalence of current, daily and non-daily smoking in Mexico before and after the implementation of key FCTC policies. METHODS Data were analysed from two comparable, nationally representative surveys (i.e., the National Survey on Addictions 2002, 2011 and 2016, and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009 and 2015). The pooled sample comprised 100 302 persons aged 15-65 years. Changes in the prevalence of current, daily and non-daily smoking were assessed. RESULTS From 2002 to 2016, the prevalence of current smoking fell 11% in relative terms (from 21.5% to 19.0%). The decrease was registered between 2002 and 2009, and after that, a slight increase was observed (from 16.5% in 2009 to 19% in 2016). The prevalence of daily smoking decreased by about 50% between 2002 and 2016 (from 13.5% to 7.0%) with most of the decrease occurring by 2009. Conversely, the prevalence of non-daily smoking increased by 35% between 2009 and 2016 (from 8.8% to 11.9%). CONCLUSIONS Full implementation of the FCTC is necessary to further reduce smoking. Specific interventions may be needed to target non-daily smokers, who now comprise more than half of current smokers in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Tobacco Research Department, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - David T Levy
- Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Yan Kwan Lau
- Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rafael Meza
- Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniela Sarahí Gutiérrez-Torres
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Edna Arillo-Santillán
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - James Thrasher
- Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Pichon-Riviere A, Alcaraz A, Palacios A, Rodríguez B, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Pinto M, Castillo-Riquelme M, Peña Torres E, Osorio DI, Huayanay L, Loza Munarriz C, de Miera-Juárez BS, Gallegos-Rivero V, De La Puente C, del Pilar Navia-Bueno M, Caporale J, Roberti J, Virgilio SA, Augustovski F, Bardach A. The health and economic burden of smoking in 12 Latin American countries and the potential effect of increasing tobacco taxes: an economic modelling study. The Lancet Global Health 2020; 8:e1282-e1294. [DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Zavala-Arciniega L, Gutiérrez-Torres DS, Paz-Ballesteros WC, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Fleischer NL. [Correlates of secondhand smoke exposure in public and private settings in Mexico. Encodat 2016.]. Salud Publica Mex 2020; 61:591-600. [PMID: 31314210 DOI: 10.21149/9877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the correlates of secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) in public and private settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data came from the 2016 National Survey of Drug, Alcohol and Tobacco use. Multilevel Poisson models were conducted to evaluate factors associated with SHS. RESULTS Having a higher education, being male and being a young adult were associated with higher SHS in bars and restaurants. Men had greater SHS at work, while women and adolescents had greater exposure at home. Adults older than 45 years had higher SHS on public transportation compared to adolescents between 12-17 years old. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to SHS remains high and affects the population differentially. To reduce SHS, it is necessary to apply Article 8 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | | | | | - Nancy L Fleischer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Ann Arbor, Michigan, EU
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Barrientos-Gutierrez I, Islam F, Cho YJ, Salloum RG, Louviere J, Arillo-Santillán E, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Barnoya J, Saenz de Miera Juarez B, Hardin J, Thrasher JF. Assessing cigarette packaging and labelling policy effects on early adolescents: results from a discrete choice experiment. Tob Control 2020; 30:tobaccocontrol-2019-055463. [PMID: 32665358 PMCID: PMC7855531 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette packaging is a primary channel for tobacco advertising, particularly in countries where traditional channels are restricted. The current study evaluated the independent and interactive effects of cigarette packaging and health warning label (HWL) characteristics on perceived appeal of cigarette brands for early adolescents in Mexico. METHODS A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted with early adolescents, aged 12-14 years (n=4251). The DCE involved a 3×25 design with six attributes: brand (Marlboro, Pall Mall, Camel), tobacco flavour (regular, menthol), flavour capsule (none, 1 or 2 capsules), presence of descriptive terms, branding (vs plain packaging), HWL size (30%, 75%) and HWL content (emphysema vs mouth cancer). Participants viewed eight sets of three cigarette packs and selected a pack in each set that: (1) is most/least attractive, (2) they are most/least interested in trying or (3) is most/least harmful, with a no difference option. RESULTS Participants perceived packs as less attractive, less interesting to try and more harmful if they had plain packaging or had larger HWLs, with the effect being most pronounced when plain packaging is combined with larger HWLs. For attractiveness, plain packaging had the biggest influence on choice (43%), followed by HWL size (19%). Interest in trying was most influenced by brand name (34%), followed by plain packaging (29%). Perceived harm was most influenced by brand name (30%), followed by HWL size (29%). CONCLUSION Increasing the size of HWLs and implementing plain packaging appear to reduce the appeal of cigarettes to early adolescents. Countries should adopt these policies to minimise the impact of tobacco marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farahnaz Islam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yoo Jin Cho
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jordan Louviere
- School of Marketing, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Edna Arillo-Santillán
- Tobacco Research Department, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Joaquin Barnoya
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - James Hardin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - James F Thrasher
- Tobacco Research Department, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Gutiérrez-Torres DS, Saenz de Miera Juarez B, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Zavala-Arciniega L, Thrasher J. Trends in cigarette brand preference among Mexican smokers: the rise of Pall Mall. Tob Control 2020; 30:305-311. [PMID: 32381679 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse trends in cigarette brand preference among Mexican smokers during the implementation period of key WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control recommendations. METHODS Data came from two nationally representative, comparable surveys, namely the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009 and 2015 and the National Survey on Addictions 2011 and 2016. Logistic models were used to estimate the adjusted prevalence of each brand purchased, as well as individual correlates of purchasing the single brand with a large growth over the study period. Multiple linear regressions were also employed to analyse cigarette prices across brands. RESULTS Six brand families accounted for about 90% of the cigarette market, with Marlboro clearly dominating all brands at 54%-61%. Only the share of Pall Mall brand, however, registered a rapid increase over the period-from 1% in 2009 to 14% in 2016. Women and younger smokers (15-24 years) were more likely to prefer Pall Mall over other brands. While the typical price segmentation between international (premium) brands and national (discount) brands was observed, the price of Pall Mall is within the range of the latter. Importantly, most varieties of this brand include flavour capsule varieties (FCVs). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the strong campaign of brand migration, the pricing strategy and the aggressive introduction of FCVs expanded Pall Mall in the Mexican cigarette market. Therefore, better control policies of cigarette contents and taxes that reduce price differentials across brands should be encouraged to promote public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sarahí Gutiérrez-Torres
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - James Thrasher
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Cartujano-Barrera F, Rodríguez-Bolaños R, Arana-Chicas E, Gallegos-Carrillo K, N Flores Y, Pérez-Rubio G, Falfán-Valencia R, F Ellerbeck E, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Cupertino AP. Enhancing nicotine replacement therapy usage and adherence through a mobile intervention: Secondary data analysis of a single-arm feasibility study in Mexico. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18:36. [PMID: 32395099 PMCID: PMC7206510 DOI: 10.18332/tid/120076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INSTRODUCTION Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) is an effective treatment for smoking cessation. However, medication usage and adherence remain a challenge that contributes to low smoking cessation rates. In Mexico, 8 in 10 smokers are interested in quitting. However, only 6% of Mexican smokers use medication for smoking cessation. The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention to increase usage and adherence of NRT in Mexico. METHODS The study involves a secondary data analysis. Forty smokers were recruited to participate in a single-arm pilot study. Participants received an mHealth intervention that uses tablet-based decision support software to drive a 12-week text messaging smoking cessation program and pharmacotherapy support. The intervention allows two-way interactivity text messaging between participants and a tobacco treatment specialist. NRT was offered to participants in accordance with practice guidelines in Mexico. Outcome measures included utilization of NRT, text messaging interactivity with the program, and biochemically verified abstinence at 12 weeks. RESULTS Thirty smokers met the criteria for use of NRT. Average age of participants was 38.1 years (SD=10.7), and they were primarily male (56.7%) with at least an undergraduate degree (60%). All participants requested NRT at baseline, and 60% requested a refill at week 4. During the 12-week intervention period, participants sent 620 messages to the program (mean=20.6, SD=18.34) of which 79 messages (12.7%) were related to NRT. Three themes were identified in the messages related to NRT: enthusiasm, instructions, and side effects. At 12 weeks, 40% of participants reported using NRT <75% of the days. Finally, 30% of participants (9/30) were biochemically verified abstinent using intention-to-treat analysis at 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS An mHealth intervention appears to offer a promising strategy to increase usage and adherence of NRT in Mexico. Additional testing as a formal randomized clinical trial appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, United States
| | | | - Evelyn Arana-Chicas
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, United States
| | - Katia Gallegos-Carrillo
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Delegación Morelos, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Yvonne N Flores
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Delegación Morelos, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- Laboratorio HLA, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- Laboratorio HLA, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Edward F Ellerbeck
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States
| | | | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
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Saenz de Miera Juarez B, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Stoklosa M, Welding K, Drope J. Measuring the illicit cigarette market in Mexico: a cross validation of two methodologies. Tob Control 2020; 30:125-131. [PMID: 32139405 PMCID: PMC7907567 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective To compare two methods to estimate the magnitude of the illicit cigarette trade in Mexico and to contrast these results with tobacco industry figures. Methods We used two survey methods: a smoker survey and a discarded pack survey. Data were collected in eight major cities in Mexico between November and December 2017. A total of 2396 face-to-face interviews to adult smokers were conducted and 8204 discarded packs were collected. To determine whether cigarette packs were intended for the Mexican market, we analysed pack features required by Mexican regulations and self-reported brands of the last purchase. Standard statistical tests to compare proportions were employed. Correlates of illicit cigarette use were also analysed. Results The share of cigarettes not intended for the Mexican market was 8.8% based on the analysis of discarded packs and 7.6% based on the survey of smokers, that is, the difference was small and only borderline significant overall (p=0.055). Also, both results were lower than those presented by the tobacco industry (16.6%). However, differences across methods were statistically significant for various cities. Conclusion Our results suggest that the optimal practice for the study of illicit trade is to cross validate estimates using both the smoker survey and the littered pack survey. If resources are limited, however, our findings indicate that either method could be used because both yield similar overall results, as longs as the potential biases are considered. Also, consistent with findings from other studies, our results suggest that the tobacco industry exaggerates the scope of illicit cigarette trade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Michal Stoklosa
- Economic and Health Policy Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kevin Welding
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey Drope
- Economic and Health Policy Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Wipfli H, Samet J, Regalado-Pineda J, Hernández-Ávila M. Tobacco control in Mexico: a decade of progress and challenges. Salud Publica Mex 2020; 61:292-302. [PMID: 31276348 DOI: 10.21149/9360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexico was the first country in the Americas to sign and ratify the World Health Organization's (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2004. More than a decade later, it is appropriate to evaluate legislative and regulatory progress and the associated challenges; and also, to propose a roadmap to prioritize the problems to be addressed to achieve long-term sustainable solutions. Mexico has made substantial progress in tobacco control. However, regulations have been only weakly enforced. The tobacco industry continues to interfere with full implementation of the WHO-FCTC. As a result, tobacco consumption remains stable at about 17.6%, with a trend upwards among vulnerable groups: adolescents, women and low-income groups. The growing popularity of new tobacco products (electronic cigarettes or e-cigs) among young Mexicans is an increasing challenge. Our review reveals the need to implement all provisions of the WHO-FCTC in its full extent, and that laws and regulations will not be effective in decreasing the tobacco epidemic unless they are strictly enforced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather Wipfli
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California. Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Lozano P, Arillo-Santillán E, Barrientos-Gutiérrez I, Zavala-Arciniega L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Thrasher JF. E-cigarette use and its association with smoking reduction and cessation intentions among Mexican smokers. Salud Publica Mex 2020; 61:276-285. [PMID: 31276343 DOI: 10.21149/9797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the patterns of e-cigarette use andtheir association with smoking behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed data from a population-based representative cohort of adult smokers who participated in the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Surveys in Mexico. The analytic sample (n=760) was restricted to participants who were followed up from wave 6 (2012) to wave 7 (2014-2015). GEE models regressed e-cigarette use at follow-up and changes in cigarettes per day (CPD) between waves, on baseline sociodemographic variables, smoking status (daily, non-daily, quit), e-cigarette trial, and quit intentions. RESULTS Smokers who were younger, had a higher income, and had tried e-cigarettes at baseline were more likely to be current e-cigarette users at follow-up. Ecigarette use at follow-up was not associated with a change in CPD over time. CONCLUSIONS E-cigarette use does not appear to have promoted smoking cessation or reduction in this sample of Mexican smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lozano
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina. Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Edna Arillo-Santillán
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - James F Thrasher
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina. Columbia, SC, USA.,Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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González-Bautista E, Zavala-Arciniega L, Rivera-Rivera L, Leyva-López A, Natera-Rey G, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. [Social factors associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption in Mexican adolescents from populations under 100 000 inhabitants.]. Salud Publica Mex 2019; 61:764-774. [PMID: 31869541 DOI: 10.21149/10563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the social factors associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption in Mexican adolescents from populations under 100 000 inhabitants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut100k). It included adolescents between 10-19 years. Adjusted logistic regression models were estimated, obtaining Odds Ratio (OR) and confidence intervals 95% (CI95%). RESULTS Prevalence of tobacco consumption in the last month was 5.5% (10-14 years= 1.0%, 15-19 years= 11.2%); alcohol consumption 9.3%, and excessive alcohol consumption, 2.8%. Associated factors: smoking, sex (male, OR=6.00, CI95%: 2.89-12.46), age (OR=1.73, CI95%: 1.46-2.04), remunerated work (OR=2.87, CI95%: 1.12-7.34), affiliation to health services (OR=0.26, CI95%: 0.08-0.82); alcohol consumption, (male, OR=5.11, CI95%: 2.38-11.00), age (OR=1.70, CI95%: 1.51-1.92), remunerated work (OR=2.51, CI95%: 1.01-6.24). CONCLUSIONS To reduce the consumption of alcohol and tobacco in adolescents, comprehensive prevention strategies must be implemented that consider the individual and social context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel González-Bautista
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Leonor Rivera-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ahidée Leyva-López
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Paz-Ballesteros WC, Zavala-Arciniega L, Gutiérrez-Torres DS, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. [Evaluation of physical and psychological dependence in Mexican adult smokers, Encodat 2016.]. Salud Publica Mex 2019; 61:136-146. [PMID: 30958956 DOI: 10.21149/9858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the physical and psychological dependence to tobacco of Mexican smokers and its association with physical, psychological and social factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 2016 National Alcohol and Tobacco Drug Consumption Survey (n=7 331) was analyzed using the Fagerström nicotine physical dependence scale (FTND) and the short scale of psychological dependence on tobacco (TAPDSc). Bivariate analyzes and generalized ordinal logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the associated factors. RESULTS 82.3% of daily smokers and 98.8% of occasional smokers reported mild physical dependence, while 47.9 and 37.9% respectively reported moderate psychological dependence. The age of initiation of tobacco use, drug use, high alcohol consumption and high emotional distress were associated with high levels of psychological dependence in all smokers. CONCLUSIONS The exclusive use of FTND does not allow to adequately evaluate Mexican smokers. The physical and psychological dependence on tobacco should be assessed with independent and validated scales in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Farmacología/Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad de México, México
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Levy D, Zavala-Arciniega L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Fleischer NL, Yuan Z, Li Y, Romero LMS, Lau YK, Meza R, Thrasher JF. Measuring Smoking Prevalence in a Middle Income Nation: An Examination of the 100 Cigarettes Lifetime Screen. Glob Epidemiol 2019; 1. [PMID: 33907731 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2019.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Public health surveillance of smoking prevalence is essential in gauging the magnitude of the problem, identifying groups most affected, and evaluating polices. However, little attention has focused on how prevalence is measured, particularly in low-and middle-income countries, where smoking patterns may not mirror those in high-income countries and where the burden of tobacco use is rapidly growing. Mexico provides a unique opportunity to gauge how the questions used to define established smokers can affect prevalence estimates. This study assesses how using the 100-cigarette lifetime question to define smoking status affects estimates of smoking prevalence. Methods We consider data from four nationally representative surveys in Mexico, from 2002 to 2016. These surveys ask about current smoking even for adults who do not indicate having smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. We compare estimates of daily and nondaily smoking prevalence by age and gender with and without the 100-cigarette screen. Results The relative difference in prevalence estimates with and without the screen was greater for nondaily than daily smoking and for females than males. The difference was especially pronounced for nondaily smokers aged 15-24, where there was a 50%-75% relative difference in estimates, albeit smaller discrepancies (20-49% relative difference) were also found among older smokers. In recent years, the relative difference was greatest at lower levels of educational attainment. Conclusions With the growth in nondaily smoking, using the 100-cigarettes screen to define smoking status can have important implications regarding size of smoking population. Further research is warranted in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Levy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University
| | - Luis Zavala-Arciniega
- Tobacco Research Department, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Nancy L Fleischer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America of
| | - Zhe Yuan
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University
| | - Yameng Li
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University
| | | | - Yan Kwan Lau
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America of
| | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America of
| | - James F Thrasher
- Tobacco Research Department, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.,Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
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Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Roa-Rodríguez R, Barrington-Trimis JL, Blanco-Marquizo A. [Current and emerging issues in tobacco prevention and control]. Salud Publica Mex 2019; 61:436-447. [PMID: 31430086 DOI: 10.21149/9259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention onTobacco Control in theAmericas, describe two national case studies and analyze the evidence on electronic cigarettes from a public health perspective. MATERIALS AND METHODS Revision of the tobacco control legislation and the scientific evidence regarding electronic cigarettes. RESULTS Implementation of tobacco control policies is not homogeneous, with important advances in smoke-free environments, pictorial health warnings, and epidemiological surveillance, but challenges that remain for the implementation of a total ban of tobacco advertising, increases in tobacco taxes, and tobacco cessation programs. Tobacco industry interference is one of the main obstacles for advancing and novel products create uncertainty about their regulation. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for political will for a comprehensive implementation of the Convention, with evidence-based decisions to confront challenges and to defend the achievements from tobacco industry interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu
- Departamento de Investigación sobre Tabaco, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, México
| | - Reina Roa-Rodríguez
- Dirección de Planificación, Punto Focal de Control deTabaco, Ministerio de Salud. Panamá, Panamá
| | - Jessica L Barrington-Trimis
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Escuela de Medicina Keck de la Universidad del Sur de California. California, Estados Unidos
| | - Adriana Blanco-Marquizo
- Jefe de Unidad, Factores de Riesgo y Nutrición, Departamento de Enfermedades NoTrasmisibles y Salud Mental OPS / OMS.Washigton DC, Estados Unidos
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Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Rodríguez-Bolaños R, Pruñonosa-Santana J, Cartujano-Barrera F, Cupertino AP. Enhancing smoking cessation in Mexico using an e-Health tool in primary healthcare. Salud Publica Mex 2019; 60:549-558. [PMID: 30550116 DOI: 10.21149/9348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate an e-Health tool designed to enhance smoking cessation in Mexico in primary healthcare. MATERIALS AND METHODS Smokers 18 years of age and older were recruited in the waiting room of two primary healthcare clinics in Mexico City. Participants used an eHealth smoking cessation tool that included smoking-related assessments, education on pharmacotherapy, and motivational videos. A follow-up assessment was conducted at 12 weeks week on smoking status. Logistic regression models were performed to identify factors associated with smoking cessation or consumption reduction. RESULTS A total of 132 smokers were enrolled in the study. At follow-up, 23.5% of participants self-reported smoking cessation. Among those who did not quit smoking, 65.0% decreased the number of cigarettes. Factors associated significantly with smoking cessation were: being a non-daily smoker, being interested in quitting smoking, having low level of physical dependence, and participating in cessation treatment. CONCLUSIONS The e-Health tool produced a high rate of smoking cessation. Better outcomes are obtained when this tool is used with conventional cessation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Javier Pruñonosa-Santana
- Departamento de Prevención y Control de Tabaquismo, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Biomedical Research, Medical Center, Hackensack University. Hackensack, NJ, US
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Cupertino AP, Cartujano-Barrera F, Ramírez M, Rodríguez-Bolaños R, Thrasher JF, Pérez-Rubio G, Falfán-Valencia R, Ellerbeck EF, Reynales-Shigematsu LM. A Mobile Smoking Cessation Intervention for Mexico (Vive sin Tabaco... ¡Decídete!): Single-Arm Pilot Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e12482. [PMID: 31021326 PMCID: PMC6658244 DOI: 10.2196/12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Of the 14.3 million Mexicans who smoke, only a minority take advantage of evidence-based approaches to smoking cessation. Mobile health interventions have the potential to increase the reach of effective cessation interventions in Mexico. Objective This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an innovative, personalized, and interactive smoking cessation mobile intervention developed for Mexican smokers. Methods We recruited 40 Mexican smokers to participate in Vive sin Tabaco... ¡Decídete!, a smoking cessation program that uses a tablet-based decision support software to drive a 12-week text messaging smoking cessation program and pharmacotherapy support. Outcome measures included participant text messaging interactivity with the program, participant satisfaction, and 12-week verified abstinence using urinary cotinine testing or exhaled carbon monoxide. Results Average age of the participants was 36 years (SD 10.7), and they were primarily male (65%, 26/40) with at least an undergraduate degree (62%, 25/40). Most participants (95%, 38/40) smoked daily and were interested in quitting in the next 7 days. As an indicator of participant interactivity, participants sent an average of 21 text messages during the 12-week intervention (SD 17.62). Of the 843 messages that participants sent to the program, only 96 messages (11.3%, 96/843) used keywords. At 12 weeks, 40% (16/40) of participants were biochemically verified (87%, 35/40, follow-up rate). The majority of participants (85%, 30/35) reported being very satisfied or extremely satisfied with the program. Conclusions The Vive sin Tabaco... ¡Decídete! smoking cessation mobile intervention was accepted by participants, generated high satisfaction and high text messaging interactivity, and resulted in a noteworthy cessation rate at the end of treatment. This intervention is a promising strategy for smoking cessation in Mexico. Additional testing as a formal randomized clinical trial appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, United States
| | - Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, United States
| | - Mariana Ramírez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | | | - James F Thrasher
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Laboratorio HLA, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Laboratorio HLA, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edward F Ellerbeck
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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