1
|
Hernandez-Green N, Haiman MD, McDonald A, Rollins L, Farinu OTO, Clarke LS, Huebshmann A, Fort MP, Chandler RD, Brocke P, McLaurin-Glass D, Harris E, Berry K, Suarez A, Williams T, Franklin CG. A development and implementation of a preconception counseling program for black women and men in the southeastern United States: a pilot protocol. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1416586. [PMID: 39386958 PMCID: PMC11461349 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1416586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Racial/ethnic disparities in maternal mortality rates represent one of the most significant areas of disparities amongst all conventional population perinatal health measures in the U.S. The alarming trends and persistent disparities of outcomes by race/ethnicity and geographic location reinforce the need to focus on ensuring quality and safety of maternity care for all women. Despite complex multilevel factors impacting maternal mortality and morbidity, there are evidence-based interventions that, when facilitated consistently and properly, are known to improve the health of mothers before, during and after pregnancy. The objective of this project is to test implementation of pre-conception counseling with father involvement in community-based settings to improve cardiovascular health outcomes before and during pregnancy in southeastern United States. Methods and analysis This study has two components: a comprehensive needs and assets assessment and a small-scale pilot study. We will conduct a community informed needs and assets assessment with our diverse stakeholders to identify opportunities and barriers to preconception counseling as well as develop a stakeholder-informed implementation plan. Next, we will use the implementation plan to pilot preconception counseling with father involvement in community-based settings. Finally, we will critically assess the context, identify potential barriers and facilitators, and iteratively adapt the way preconception counseling can be implemented in diverse settings. Results of this research will support future research focused on identifying barriers and opportunities for scalable and sustainable public health approaches to implementing evidence-based strategies that reduce maternal morbidity and mortality in the southeastern United States' vulnerable communities. Discussion Findings will demonstrate that preconception counseling can be implemented in community health settings in the southeastern United States. Furthermore, this study will build the capacity of community-based organizations in addressing the preconception health of their clients. We plan for this pilot to inform a larger scaled-up clinical trial across community health settings in multiple southeastern states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Madison D. Haiman
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Adenike McDonald
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Latrice Rollins
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- National African American Child and Family Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Oluyemi T. O. Farinu
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lasha S. Clarke
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Amy Huebshmann
- Division of General Internal Medicine Aurora, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Ludeman Family Center for Women’s Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Meredith P. Fort
- Department of Health Systems, Management and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rasheeta D. Chandler
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Phebe Brocke
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Erin Harris
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kaala Berry
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Angie Suarez
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Tiyamika Williams
- Center for Maternal Health Equity, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Cheryl G. Franklin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hernandez-Green N, Haiman M, McDonald A, Rollins L, Franklin C, Farinu O, Clarke L, Huebshmann A, Fort M, Chandler R, Brocke P, McLaurin-Glass D, Harris E, Berry K, Suarez A, Williams T. A Development and Implementation of a Preconception Counseling Program for Black Women and Men in the Southeastern United States: A Pilot Protocol. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.22.24306171. [PMID: 38712274 PMCID: PMC11071590 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.22.24306171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Racial/ethnic disparities in maternal mortality rates represent one of the most significant areas of disparities amongst all conventional population perinatal health measures in the U.S. The alarming trends and persistent disparities of outcomes by race/ethnicity and geographic location reinforce the need to focus on ensuring quality and safety of maternity care for all women. Despite complex multilevel factors impacting maternal mortality and morbidity, there are evidence-based interventions that, when facilitated consistently and properly, are known to improve the health of mothers before, during and after pregnancy. The objective of this project is to test implementation of pre-conception counseling with father involvement in community-based settings to improve cardiovascular health outcomes before and during pregnancy in southeastern United States. Methods and Analysis This study has two components: a comprehensive needs and assets assessment and a small-scale pilot study. We will conduct a community informed needs and assets assessment with our diverse stakeholders to identify opportunities and barriers to preconception counseling as well as develop a stakeholder-informed implementation plan. Next, we will use the implementation plan to pilot preconception counseling with father involvement in community-based settings. Finally, we will critically assess the context, identify potential barriers and facilitators, and iteratively adapt the way preconception counseling can be implemented in diverse settings. Results of this research will support future research focused on identifying barriers and opportunities for scalable and sustainable public health approaches to implementing evidence-based strategies that reduce maternal morbidity and mortality in the southeastern United States' vulnerable communities. Discussion Findings will demonstrate that preconception counseling can be implemented in community health settings in the southeastern United States. Furthermore, this study will build the capacity of community-based organizations in addressing the preconception health of their clients. We plan for this pilot to inform a larger scaled-up clinical trial across community health settings in multiple southeastern states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Hernandez-Green
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M. Haiman
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
- University of Texas at Austin, Steve Hicks School of Social Work, Austin, TX, USA
| | - A. McDonald
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - L. Rollins
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- National African American Child & Family Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C.G. Franklin
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - O.T.O Farinu
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - L. Clarke
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A. Huebshmann
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Ludeman Family Center for Women’s Health Research, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Adult & Child Center for Outcomes Research & Delivery Science, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M. Fort
- Colorado School of Public Health, Department of Health Systems, Management & Policy, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R. Chandler
- Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P. Brocke
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - E. Harris
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K. Berry
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A. Suarez
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T. Williams
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Center for Maternal Health Equity, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parlier-Ahmad AB, Keyser-Marcus L, Bishop D, Jones H, Svikis DS. Improving Peripartum Care Engagement Among Black Women at Risk for Low Prenatal Care Attendance: A Secondary Analysis of Predictors of Attendance and Sample Representativeness. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2022; 31:1490-1500. [PMID: 35352968 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The United States has unacceptably high rates of maternal and infant mortality, especially among Black women and their infants. Prenatal and postpartum care help reduce maternal and infant morbidity and mortality; however, Black women are less likely to access and utilize peripartum care largely due to structural racism. Identifying factors that buffer against the systemic barriers disproportionately impacting this community is an important step in addressing racial health disparities. Using existing data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) targeting maternal and infant health disparities, this study aims to (1) explore predictors of peripartum care attendance and (2) examine clinical trial sample representativeness. Methods: The analyses addressing the primary aim of the study included Black women at risk for low prenatal care (PNC) engagement who consented to RCT participation and had a documented live birth (n = 123). For the secondary study aim, comparisons between women who consented to the RCT (Consenters; n = 149) and those who did not (Non-consenters; n = 122) were made using chi-square and t-tests. Results: Hierarchical linear and logistic regression identified predictors of prenatal and postpartum care attendance, respectively. After controlling for multiple comparisons, no significant differences were identified between characteristics of Consenters and Non-consenters. Older age (p = 0.038), high-risk pregnancy (p < 0.001), and no past week substance use (p = 0.033) predicted better PNC attendance. PNC attendance predicted postpartum visit attendance (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study provides benchmark data on predictors of peripartum care and sample representativeness in RCTs. Findings have important implications for health care system changes and development of culturally informed interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Beth Parlier-Ahmad
- Department of Psychology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Institute for Women's Health, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Lori Keyser-Marcus
- Department of Psychiatry, and Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Diane Bishop
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Heather Jones
- Department of Psychology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Dace S Svikis
- Department of Psychology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Institute for Women's Health, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rollins L, Giddings T, Henes S, Culbreth W, Coleman AS, Smith S, White C, Nelson T. Design and Implementation of a Nutrition and Breastfeeding Education Program for Black Expecting Mothers and Fathers. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:794-803. [PMID: 35610157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the intervention and research methods of Project Dads in Nutrition Education, an intervention that adds nutrition and breastfeeding education to the existing Healthy Start program in Georgia for Black expecting mothers and fathers to improve nutrition literacy, health outcomes, and breastfeeding rates. DESIGN This 2-year community-based participatory research study employs a cluster randomization factorial design. SETTING Six Healthy Start program sites (3 intervention and 3 control sites) in Georgia counties with high infant and maternal mortality rates. PARTICIPANTS Approximately 480 Black, expecting, Healthy Start program participants (20 couples [mother and father] and 40 single mothers from each site) will be enrolled over the study period. INTERVENTION(S) Project Dads in Nutrition Education will strengthen the capacity of the Georgia Healthy Start program to integrate an evidence-based nutrition education program, breastfeeding education, and father engagement into its routine services. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Changes in prepost survey assessment of participants' nutrition literacy and eating behaviors; changes in prepost survey assessment of participants' breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, intent, initiation, and duration; and health and food diary collected 3 times (ie, at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after enrollment). ANALYSIS Process evaluation throughout the study to document implementation. Generalized linear mixed modeling will be used to determine the impact of the intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Latrice Rollins
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
| | - Tiara Giddings
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sarah Henes
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Wykinia Culbreth
- Maternal and Child Health Division, Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Shlonda Smith
- Special Supplementation Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Twanna Nelson
- Maternal and Child Health Division, Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Svikis DS, Kelpin SS, Keyser-Marcus L, Bishop DL, Parlier-Ahmad AB, Jones H, Villalobos G, Varner SB, Lanni SM, Karjane NW, Cathers LA, Langhorst DM, Masho SW. Increasing Prenatal Care Compliance in At-Risk Black Women: Findings from a RCT of Patient Navigation and Behavioral Incentives. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 9:630-640. [PMID: 33620714 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-00995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the USA, infant mortality remains a major public health concern, particularly for Black women and their infants who continue to experience disproportionately high mortality rates. Prenatal care is a key determinant of infant health, with inadequate prenatal care increasing risk for prematurity, stillbirth, neonatal loss, and infant death. The aim of the present study was to determine if concurrent delivery of patient navigation and behavioral incentives to at-risk Black pregnant women could improve prenatal care attendance and associated maternal and infant outcomes. METHODS Participants were 150 Black pregnant women recruited at first prenatal visit and screening at risk for adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Women were randomized to either the patient navigation + behavioral incentives intervention (PNBI) or assessment + standard care control (ASC) group. All were followed throughout pregnancy and 12-week postpartum. Group comparisons were made using intention-to-treat and per-protocol sensitivity analyses. RESULTS While no group differences were found in prenatal care visits, the average number of visits for both groups (9.3 for PNBI and 8.9 for ASC) approached the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommended guidelines. There were also no group differences in maternal and infant outcomes. Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol sensitivity analyses, however, consistently found PNBI women attended more postpartum visits than ASC controls (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Given ACOG's redefining of the postpartum period as the fourth trimester, study findings suggest PNBI may facilitate prevention and intervention efforts to more successfully reduce health disparities in outcomes for both mother and infant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dace S Svikis
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.
| | - Sydney S Kelpin
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Lori Keyser-Marcus
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Diane L Bishop
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Division of Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Anna Beth Parlier-Ahmad
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Heather Jones
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Gabriela Villalobos
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Division of Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sara B Varner
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Susan M Lanni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Nicole W Karjane
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lauretta A Cathers
- Department of Health-Related Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Diane M Langhorst
- School of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Saba W Masho
- Institute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Masho SW, Bishop DL, Edmonds T, Farrell AD. Using surveillance data to inform community action: the effect of alcohol sale restrictions on intentional injury-related ambulance pickups. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2014; 15:22-30. [PMID: 23435600 PMCID: PMC3912373 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-013-0373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Youth violence disproportionately affects inner city, urban minority communities in the USA. This article illustrates the use of surveillance data to inform and evaluate community action directed at this serious problem. Community efforts in response to surveillance data indicating high rates of violence surrounding convenience stores with unrestricted alcohol beverage licenses provided a natural experiment to examine the impact of imposing licensing restrictions on intentional injury rates. Rates of ambulance pickups for intentional injuries in the 15- to 24-year-old population in five census tracts where alcoholic beverage sales were restricted were compared to five census tracts with similar demographic characteristics near stores where restrictions were not instituted. Time periods included an 18-month baseline period, a 6-month period during which restrictions were in effect in the intervention communities, and an 18-month period following lifting of this restriction resulting from legal action by store owners. The monthly average rate of ambulance pickups for violent injuries showed a significantly greater baseline-to-intervention phase decrease in the intervention communities (i.e., from 19.6 to 0 per 1,000) than in the control communities (i.e., 7.4 to 3.3 per 1,000). This rate subsequently increased to 11.4 in the intervention communities after the restriction was removed. This study illustrates the potential value of surveillance data for guiding community mobilization efforts and for evaluating the impact of such efforts. It also demonstrates the potential impact of restricting inexpensive, single-serve alcoholic beverages on rates of violence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba W Masho
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Clark-Hill Institute for Positive Youth Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, P. O. Box 980212, Richmond, VA, 23298-0212, USA,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Masho SW, Bishop DL, Keyser-Marcus L, Varner SB, White S, Svikis D. Least explored factors associated with prenatal smoking. Matern Child Health J 2014; 17:1167-74. [PMID: 22903305 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-012-1103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Poor pregnancy and birth outcomes are major problems in the United States, and maternal smoking during pregnancy has been identified as one of the most preventable risk factors associated with these outcomes. This study examines less explored risk factors of smoking among underserved African American pregnant women. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at an outpatient obstetrics-gynecology clinic of an inner-city university hospital in Virginia from March 2009 through January 2011 in which pregnant women (N = 902) were interviewed at their first prenatal care visit. Survey questions included items related to women's sociodemographic characteristics as well as their pregnancy history; criminal history; receipt of social services; child protective services involvement; insurance status; and history of substance abuse, domestic violence, and depression. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to calculate odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals depicting the relationship between these factors and smoking during pregnancy. The analysis reported that maternal age [OR = 1.08, 95 % CI = 1.05-1.12], less than high school education [OR = 4.30, 95 % CI = 2.27-8.14], unemployed [OR = 2.33, 95 % CI = 1.35-4.04], criminal history [OR = 1.66, 95 % CI = 1.05-2.63], receipt of social services [OR = 2.26, 95 % CI = 1.35-3.79] alcohol use [OR = 2.73, 95 % CI = 1.65-4.51] and illicit drug use [OR = 1.97, 95 % CI = 1.04-3.74] during pregnancy were statistically significant risk factors associated with smoking during pregnancy. In addition to the well known risk factors, public health professionals should be aware that criminal history and receipt of social services are important factors associated with smoking during pregnancy. Social service providers such as WIC and prisons and jails may offer a unique opportunity for education and cessation interventions during the preconception or interconception period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba W Masho
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, VCU Institute of Women's Health, VCU Center on Health Disparities, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0212, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Masho SW, Munn MS, Archer PW. Multilevel factors influencing preterm birth in an urban setting. URBAN, PLANNING AND TRANSPORT RESEARCH 2014; 2:36-48. [PMID: 25045595 PMCID: PMC4100720 DOI: 10.1080/21650020.2014.896223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saba W Masho
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Institute of Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Meaghan S Munn
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Phillip W Archer
- Associate Professor, Department of Natural Sciences and Director, Minority Health Research Institute and Initiative, Virginia Union University
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kennedy MG, Genderson MW, Sepulveda AL, Garland SL, Wilson DB, Stith-Singleton R, Dubuque S. Increasing tobacco quitline calls from pregnant african american women: the "one tiny reason to quit" social marketing campaign. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2013; 22:432-8. [PMID: 23621745 PMCID: PMC3653397 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2012.3845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pregnant African American women are at disproportionately high risk of premature birth and infant mortality, outcomes associated with cigarette smoking. Telephone-based, individual smoking cessation counseling has been shown to result in successful quit attempts in the general population and among pregnant women, but "quitlines" are underutilized. A social marketing campaign called One Tiny Reason to Quit (OTRTQ) promoted calling a quitline (1-800-QUIT-NOW) to pregnant, African American women in Richmond, Virginia, in 2009 and was replicated there 2 years later. METHODS The campaign disseminated messages via radio, interior bus ads, posters, newspaper ads, and billboards. Trained volunteers also delivered messages face-to-face and distributed branded give-away reminder items. The number of calls made from pregnant women in the Richmond area during summer 2009 was contrasted with (a) the number of calls during the seasons immediately before and after the campaign, and (b) the number of calls the previous summer. The replication used the same evaluation design. RESULTS There were statistically significant spikes in calls from pregnant women during both campaign waves for both types of contrasts. A higher proportion of the calls from pregnant women were from African Americans during the campaign. CONCLUSION A multimodal quitline promotion like OTRTQ should be considered for geographic areas with sizable African American populations and high rates of infant mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May G Kennedy
- Social and Behavioral Health Department, Virginia Commonwealth University VCU School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0149, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|