1
|
Zhao Y, Qin C, Zhao B, Wang Y, Li Z, Li T, Yang X, Wang W. Pancreatic cancer stemness: dynamic status in malignant progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:122. [PMID: 37173787 PMCID: PMC10182699 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that the capacity for self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs) contribute to major challenges with current PC therapies, causing metastasis and therapeutic resistance, leading to recurrence and death in patients. The concept that PCSCs are characterized by their high plasticity and self-renewal capacities is central to this review. We focused specifically on the regulation of PCSCs, such as stemness-related signaling pathways, stimuli in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), as well as the development of innovative stemness-targeted therapies. Understanding the biological behavior of PCSCs with plasticity and the molecular mechanisms regulating PC stemness will help to identify new treatment strategies to treat this horrible disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangbo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeru Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang M, Xian HC, Dai L, Tang YL, Liang XH. MicroRNAs: emerging driver of cancer perineural invasion. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:117. [PMID: 34187567 PMCID: PMC8243427 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The perineural invasion (PNI), which refers to tumor cells encroaching on nerve, is a clinical feature frequently occurred in various malignant tumors, and responsible for postoperative recurrence, metastasis and decreased survival. The pathogenesis of PNI switches from 'low-resistance channel' hypothesis to 'mutual attraction' theory between peripheral nerves and tumor cells in perineural niche. Among various molecules in perineural niche, microRNA (miRNA) as an emerging modulator of PNI through generating RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to orchestrate oncogene and anti-oncogene has aroused a wide attention. This article systematically reviewed the role of microRNA in PNI, promising to identify new biomarkers and offer cancer therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No.14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong-Chun Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No.14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No.14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No.14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No.14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Supadmanaba IGP, Mantini G, Randazzo O, Capula M, Muller IB, Cascioferro S, Diana P, Peters GJ, Giovannetti E. Interrelationship between miRNA and splicing factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Epigenetics 2021; 17:381-404. [PMID: 34057028 PMCID: PMC8993068 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1916697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers because of diagnosis at late stage and inherent/acquired chemoresistance. Recent advances in genomic profiling and biology of this disease have not yet been translated to a relevant improvement in terms of disease management and patient’s survival. However, new possibilities for treatment may emerge from studies on key epigenetic factors. Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) dependent gene expression and mRNA splicing are epigenetic processes that modulate the protein repertoire at the transcriptional level. These processes affect all aspects of PDAC pathogenesis and have great potential to unravel new therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers. Remarkably, several studies showed that they actually interact with each other in influencing PDAC progression. Some splicing factors directly interact with specific miRNAs and either facilitate or inhibit their expression, such as Rbfox2, which cleaves the well-known oncogenic miRNA miR-21. Conversely, miR-15a-5p and miR-25-3p significantly downregulate the splicing factor hnRNPA1 which acts also as a tumour suppressor gene and is involved in processing of miR-18a, which in turn, is a negative regulator of KRAS expression. Therefore, this review describes the interaction between splicing and miRNA, as well as bioinformatic tools to explore the effect of splicing modulation towards miRNA profiles, in order to exploit this interplay for the development of innovative treatments. Targeting aberrant splicing and deregulated miRNA, alone or in combination, may hopefully provide novel therapeutic approaches to fight the complex biology and the common treatment recalcitrance of PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Gede Putu Supadmanaba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Giulia Mantini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ornella Randazzo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mjriam Capula
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ittai B Muller
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lone SN, Bhat AA, Wani NA, Karedath T, Hashem S, Nisar S, Singh M, Bagga P, Das BC, Bedognetti D, Reddy R, Frenneaux MP, El-Rifai W, Siddiqi MA, Haris M, Macha MA. miRNAs as novel immunoregulators in cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:3-14. [PMID: 33926791 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is a well-known vital regulator of tumor growth, and one of the main hallmarks of cancer is evading the immune system. Immune system deregulation can lead to immune surveillance evasion, sustained cancer growth, proliferation, and metastasis. Tumor-mediated disruption of the immune system is accomplished by different mechanisms that involve extensive crosstalk with the immediate microenvironment, which includes endothelial cells, immune cells, and stromal cells, to create a favorable tumor niche that facilitates the development of cancer. The essential role of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) in the mechanism of cancer cell immune evasion has been highlighted in recent studies. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate a wide range of post-transcriptional gene expression in a cell. Recent studies have focused on the function that miRNAs play in controlling the expression of target proteins linked to immune modulation. Studies show that miRNAs modulate the immune response in cancers by regulating the expression of different immune-modulatory molecules associated with immune effector cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, B-cells, and natural killer cells, as well as those present in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. This review explores the relationship between miRNAs, their altered patterns of expression in tumors, immune modulation, and the functional control of a wide range of immune cells, thereby offering detailed insights on the crosstalk of tumor-immune cells and their use as prognostic markers or therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saife N Lone
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nissar A Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | | | - Sheema Hashem
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (BRAIRCH), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bhudev Chandra Das
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mushtaq A Siddiqi
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, India
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khakinezhad Tehrani F, Ranji N, Kouhkan F, Hosseinzadeh S. Apoptosis induction and proliferation inhibition by silibinin encapsulated in nanoparticles in MIA PaCa-2 cancer cells and deregulation of some miRNAs. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:469-482. [PMID: 32489562 PMCID: PMC7239422 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.39427.9349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Silibinin, as an herbal compound, has anti-cancer activity. Because of low solubility of silibinin in water and body fluids, it was encapsulated in polymersome nanoparticles and its effects were evaluated on pancreatic cancer cells and cancer stem cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells were treated with different doses of silibinin encapsulated in polymersome nanoparticles (SPNs). Stemness of MIA PaCa-2 cells was evaluated by hanging drop technique and CD133, CD24, and CD44 staining. The effects of SPNs on cell cycle, apoptosis and the expression of several genes and miRNAs were investigated. RESULTS IC50 of SPNs was determined to be 40 µg/ml after 24 hr. Our analysis showed that >98% of MIA PaCa-2 cells expressed three stem cell markers. FACS analysis showed a decrease in these markers in SPNs-treated cells. PI/AnnexinV staining revealed that 40 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml of SPNs increased apoptosis up to ~40% and >80% of treated cells, respectively. Upregulation of miR-34a, miR-126, and miR-let7b and downregulation of miR-155, miR-222 and miR-21 was observed in SPNs-treated cells. In addition, downregulation of some genes involved in proliferation or migration such as AKT3, MASPINE, and SERPINEA12, and upregulation of apoptotic genes were observed in treated cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that SPNs induced apoptosis and inhibited migration and proliferation in pancreatic cells and cancer stem cells through suppression of some onco-miRs and induction of some tumor suppressive miRs, as well as their targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Najmeh Ranji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li F, Dai L, Niu J. GPX2 silencing relieves epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer by downregulating Wnt pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:7780-7790. [PMID: 31774184 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) participates in many cancers including pancreatic cancer (PC), and overexpression of GPX2 promotes tumor growth. Herein, we identified the role of GPX2 in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), invasion, and metastasis in PC. Bioinformatics prediction was applied to select PC-related genes. The regulatory function of GPX2 in PC was explored by treatment with short hairpin RNA against GPX2 or LiCl (activator of wingless-type MMTV integration site [Wnt] pathway) in PC cells. GPX2 level in PC tissues, the levels of GPX2, β-catenin, Vimentin, Snail, epithelial-cadherin (E-cadherin), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, and Wnt2 in cells were determined. Subsequently, cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis were assayed. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that GPX2 was involved in PC development mediated by the Wnt pathway. GPX2 was highly expressed in PC tissues. GPX2 silencing downregulated levels of β-catenin, Vimentin, Snail, MMP2, MMP9, and Wnt2 but upregulated levels of E-cadherin. It was confirmed that GPX2 silencing suppressed PC cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. Furthermore, the trend of EMT and invasion and metastasis of PC induced by the LiCl-activated Wnt pathway was reversed when the GPX2 was silenced. GPX2 silencing could inhibit the Wnt pathway, subsequently suppress PC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhou Li
- Department of Imaging, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Lan Dai
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi, China
| | - Jixiang Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sethi S, Sethi S, Bluth MH. Clinical Implication of MicroRNAs in Molecular Pathology: An Update for 2018. Clin Lab Med 2019; 38:237-251. [PMID: 29776629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are poised to provide diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for several diseases including malignancies for precision medicine applications. The miRNAs have immense potential in the clinical arena because they can be detected in the blood, serum, tissues (fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded), and fine-needle aspirate specimens. The most attractive feature of miRNA-based therapy is that a single miRNA could be useful for targeting multiple genes that are deregulated in cancers, which can be further investigated through systems biology and network analysis that may provide cancer-specific personalized therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Sethi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan and VA Hospital, E300, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
| | - Sajiv Sethi
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, MDC 82, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Martin H Bluth
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, 540 East Canfield Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Pathology Laboratories, Michigan Surgical Hospital, 21230 Dequindre Road, Warren, MI 48091, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu X, Chen W, Cai H, Hu J, Wu B, Jiang Y, Chen X, Sun D, An Y. MiR-216b inhibits pancreatic cancer cell progression and promotes apoptosis by down-regulating KRAS. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:1321-1332. [PMID: 30393486 PMCID: PMC6209705 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.72564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal malignancy with high invasion metastasis, which is difficult to diagnose and treat. MicroRNA-216b (miR-216b) plays an important role in many types of tumors. In this study, we explore how miR-216b affected human pancreatic cancer cell development by targeting KRAS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Expression level of miR-216b and KRAS in tissue samples and cells were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Immunohistochemical assay analysed the expressions of KRAS protein in tumor and adjacent tissues. The target relationship between miR-216b and KRAS was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis abilities of cells transfected with miR-216b mimics and KRAS-siRNA, Panc-1 were detected by MTT assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry assay respectively. Prognosis of patients with different expression levels of miR-216b and KRAS were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS The expression of miR-216b in pancreatic cancer tissue and cell line was down-regulated (p < 0.01), while KRAS expression was up-regulated (p < 0.01) compared with adjacent normal tissues. Both the expressions of miR-216b and KRAS have a strong influence on prognosis of the pancreatic cancer patients (p = 0.024 and p = 0.017). The dual-luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-216b directly targeted KRAS in pancreatic cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-216b reduced the expression of mRNA and protein of KRAS (p = 0.013 and p = 0.003), but silencing KRAS had no effect on miR-216b expression (p = 0.706). By silencing KRAS or up-regulation of miR-216b could suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and promote apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS MiR-216b might inhibit pancreatic cancer cell progression and stimulate apoptosis by silencing KRAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weibo Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huihua Cai
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baoqiang Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemin Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Donglin Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong An
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang D, Li Y, Zhang C, Li X, Yu J. MiR‐216a‐3p inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation through direct targeting COX‐2 and ALOX5. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1755-1766. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyDongguan People's HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Yuechun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryDongguan People's HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyDongguan People's HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Xianming Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyShenzhen People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Adamska A, Domenichini A, Falasca M. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Current and Evolving Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1338. [PMID: 28640192 PMCID: PMC5535831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which constitutes 90% of pancreatic cancers, is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Due to the broad heterogeneity of genetic mutations and dense stromal environment, PDAC belongs to one of the most chemoresistant cancers. Most of the available treatments are palliative, with the objective of relieving disease-related symptoms and prolonging survival. Currently, available therapeutic options are surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and use of targeted drugs. However, thus far, therapies targeting cancer-associated molecular pathways have not given satisfactory results; this is due in part to the rapid upregulation of compensatory alternative pathways as well as dense desmoplastic reaction. In this review, we summarize currently available therapies and clinical trials, directed towards a plethora of pathways and components dysregulated during PDAC carcinogenesis. Emerging trends towards targeted therapies as the most promising approach will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Adamska
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Alice Domenichini
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang EL, Gu J, Zhang ZY, Dong KS, Liang BY, Huang ZY. MicroRNA expression profiling in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma of familial aggregation and hepatitis B virus infection. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:971-976. [PMID: 28693260 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) potently affect hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the miRNA expression profiling in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of familial aggregation and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has not been elucidated. In the present study, the plasma miRNA expression profiles of 3 patients with HCC with familial aggregation of HCC and HBV infection and 1 healthy volunteer were examined by microarray analysis, in order to identify relevant miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of HCC with familial aggregation and HBV infection. The results indicated that 26 miRNAs exhibited a ≥20-fold increase or decrease in the plasma of patients with HCC, compared with the healthy control (24 upregulated and 2 downregulated). Among these altered miRNAs, 15 of them have been reported in HCC. The other 11 miRNAs have never been reported in HCC. These differentially-expressed miRNAs may be potential molecular markers for HCC pathogenesis and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Er-Lei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jin Gu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zun-Yi Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Shuai Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Bin-Yong Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Huang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
miR-216b Targets FGFR1 and Confers Sensitivity to Radiotherapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients Without EGFR or KRAS Mutation. Pancreas 2016; 45:1294-302. [PMID: 27101576 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The success of gemcitabine plus radiotherapy is dependent on the mutation status of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors in the EGFR and KRAS genes; however, radiotherapy resistance may also be modulated epigenetically by microRNA (miRNA) regulation. In this study, we examined the potential effect of miRNAs on the resistance to radiotherapy in cases without EGFR or KRAS mutation. METHODS The association of EGFR and KRAS mutation status and different expression patterns of 6 selected miRNAs related to the EGFR/KRAS signaling pathway were evaluated in the tumors of 42 patients with PDAC. RESULTS Reduced miR-216b and miR-217 expression was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics and shortened disease-free survival. In addition, miR-216b expression was reduced 2.7-fold in the cases that did not benefit from therapy, although they did not demonstrate EGFR or KRAS expression (P = 0.0316). A negative correlation between FGFR1 and miR-216b expression (r = -0.355) was found in the tumors of these cases. CONCLUSIONS Further studies and validations are required; in the tumors of patients with PDAC without activating mutations and induced expression of EGFR/KRAS genes, down-regulated miR-216b expression may be associated with a poor response to radiotherapy via deregulation of another signaling pathway related to FGFR1 signaling.
Collapse
|
13
|
Azevedo-Pouly ACP, Sutaria DS, Jiang J, Elgamal OA, Amari F, Allard D, Grippo PJ, Coppola V, Schmittgen TD. miR-216 and miR-217 expression is reduced in transgenic mouse models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, knockout of miR-216/miR-217 host gene is embryonic lethal. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 17:203-212. [PMID: 27541609 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mice harboring a G12D activating Kras mutation are among the most heavily studied models in the field of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) research. miRNAs are differentially expressed in PDAC from patients and mouse models of PDAC. To better understand the relationship that Kras activation has on miRNA expression, we profiled the expression of 629 miRNAs in RNA isolated from the pancreas of control, young, and old P48+/Cre;LSL-KRASG12D as well as PDX-1-Cre;LSL-KRASG12D mice. One hundred of the differentially expressed miRNAs had increased expression in the advanced disease (old) P48+/Cre;LSL-KRASG12D compared to wild-type mice. Interestingly, the expression of three miRNAs, miR-216a, miR-216b, and miR-217, located within a ∼30-kbp region on 11qA3.3, decreased with age (and phenotype severity) in these mice. miR-216/-217 expression was also evaluated in another acinar-specific ELa-KrasG12D mouse model and was downregulated as well. As miR-216/-217 are acinar enriched, reduced in human PDAC and target KRAS, we hypothesized that they may maintain acinar differentiation or represent tumor suppressive miRNAs. To test this hypothesis, we deleted a 27.9-kbp region of 11qA3.3 containing the miR-216/-217 host gene in the mouse's germ line. We report that germ line deletion of this cluster is embryonic lethal in the mouse. We estimate that lethality occurs shortly after E9.5. qPCR analysis of the miR-216b and miR-217 expression in the heterozygous animals showed no difference in expression, suggesting haplosufficiency by some type of compensatory mechanism. We present the differential miRNA expression in KrasG12D transgenic mice and report lethality from deletion of the miR-216/-217 host gene in the mouse's germ line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara P Azevedo-Pouly
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Jinmai Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ola A Elgamal
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Foued Amari
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Paul J Grippo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vincenzo Coppola
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas D Schmittgen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
MicroRNA in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: predictive/prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets? Oncotarget 2016; 6:23323-41. [PMID: 26259238 PMCID: PMC4695121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a tumor with a poor prognosis, short overall survival and few chemotherapeutic choices. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, single-stranded RNAs of around 22 nucleotides involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of carcinogenesis and metastasis. They have been studied in many tumors in order to identify potential diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic targets. In the current literature, many studies have analyzed the role of miRNAs in PDAC. In fact, the absence of appropriate biomarkers, the difficultly of early detection of this tumor, and the lack of effective chemotherapy in patients with unresectable disease have focused attention on miRNAs as new, interesting advance in this malignancy. In this review we analyzed the role of miRNAs in PDAC in order to understand the mechanisms of action and the difference between the onco-miRNA and the tumor suppressor miRNA. We also reviewed all the data related to the use of these molecules as predictive as well as prognostic biomarkers in the course of the disease. Finally, the possible therapeutic use of miRNAs or anti-miRNAs in PDAC is also discussed. In conclusion, although there is still no clinical application for these molecules in PDAC, it is our opinion that the preclinical evidence of the role of specific miRNAs in carcinogenesis, the possibility of using miRNAs as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and their potential therapeutic role, warrant future studies in PDAC.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Y, Wang K, Dang N, Wang L, Zhang M. Downregulation of miR-3940-5p promotes T-cell activity by targeting the cytokine receptor IL-2R gamma on human cutaneous T-cell lines. Immunobiology 2016; 221:1378-1381. [PMID: 27502164 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common established depigmentation skin disease characterized by the presence of activated T lymphocytes anti melanocytes within the skin. T-cell immunity mainly mediates the destruction of melanocytes and is one of the main mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of non-segmental vitiligo. Our previous study had identified several differentially expressed miRNAs and found that the expression of miR-3940-5p was downregulated in vitiligo patients. According to the research findings, we hypothesized that the novel miRNA plays a potential role on human cutaneous T lymphocytes in the action mechanism of immune imbalance in vitiligo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Keyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Ningning Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou Y, Huang H, Zhang K, Ding X, Jia L, Yu L, Zhu G, Guo J. miRNA-216 and miRNA-499 target cyb561d2 in zebrafish in response to fipronil exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:98-107. [PMID: 27267425 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) can regulate the expression of its target gene by mediating mRNA cleavage or by translational repression at a post-transcriptional level. Usually, one miRNA may regulate many genes as its targets, while one gene may also be targeted by many miRNAs. We previously demonstrated that cyb561d2, whose protein product is involved in cell defense, and chemical stress, is targeted by miR-155 in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) when exposed to fipronil (5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl) sulphinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile). Microcosm Targets prediction showed that the cyb561d2 gene is also highly possibly targeted by miR-194a, miR-216b, miR-429, and miR-499. These interactions need to be further validated experimentally. In this study, we evaluated the effects of fipronil on miR-194a, miR-216b, miR-429, miR-499 and cyb561d2 in zebrafish and investigated whether these four miRNAs could regulate the expression of cyb561d2 in both mRNA and protein levels. The expression of cyb561d2 was upregulated in both mRNA and protein level in a dose-dependent manner upon stimulation of fipronil, and miR-216b and miR-499 were downregulated concurrently, whereas there was no significant changes were observed in the expression level of miR-194a and miR-429. The dual luciferase report assay demonstrated that miR-216b and miR-499 interacted with cyb561d2 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR), miR-194a and miR-429 did not stimulate degradation of cyb561d2 mRNA. The expression of cyb561d2 was reduced in both mRNA and protein level when ZF4 cells were transfected with miR-499 mimic, whereas expression level of both mRNA and protein was increased when endogenous miR-499 was inhibited by transfection with miR-499 inhibitor. Likewise, the mRNA and protein level of cyb561d2 was affected by treatment with the mimics and the inhibitor of miR-216b. In contrast, when ZF4 cells were transfected with a mimic of miR-194a or miR-429, the expression of cyb561d2 mRNA was not significantly changed. As a result, cyb561d2 is targeted by miR-155, miR-216b and miR-499 upon fipronil exposure, and miR-194a and miR-429 can not target cyb561d2. The expression pattern of these 3 miRNAs presents novel fipronil responses that could be used as a toxicological biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Hannian Huang
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Economic & Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfeng Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Longlue Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangfeng Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Retraction: "Inactivation of Ink4a/Arf Leads to Deregulated Expression of miRNAs in K-Ras Transgenic Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer" by Ali et al. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2303. [PMID: 27315161 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The above article, published online on June 21, 2012 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Gary S. Stein, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation from Wayne State University involving the first author and the corresponding author that found Figure 5A to be inappropriately manipulated. Literature Cited Ali S, Banerjee S, Logna F, Bao B, Philip PA, Korc M, Sarkar FH. 2012. Inactivation of Ink4a/Arf leads to deregulated expression of miRNAs in K-Ras transgenic mouse model of pancreatic cancer. J Cell Physiol 227:3373-3380; doi: 10.1002/jcp.24036.
Collapse
|
18
|
Xu Z, Bu Y, Chitnis N, Koumenis C, Fuchs SY, Diehl JA. miR-216b regulation of c-Jun mediates GADD153/CHOP-dependent apoptosis. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11422. [PMID: 27173017 PMCID: PMC4869177 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of the unfolded protein response, UPR, to regulate cell homeostasis through both gene expression and protein synthesis has been well documented. One primary pro-apoptotic protein that responds to both PERK and Ire1 signalling is the CHOP/GADD153 transcription factor. Although CHOP deficiency delays onset of cell death, questions remain regarding how CHOP regulates apoptosis. Here, we provide evidence demonstrating that CHOP/GADD153-dependent apoptosis reflects expression of micro-RNA, miR-216b. MiR-216b accumulation requires PERK-dependent induction of CHOP/GADD153, which then directly regulates miR-216b expression. As maximal expression of miR-216b is antagonized by Ire1, miR-216b accumulation reflects the convergence of PERK and Ire1 activities. Functionally, miR-216b directly targets c-Jun, thereby reducing AP-1-dependent transcription and sensitizing cells to ER stress-dependent apoptosis. These results provide direct insight into the molecular mechanisms of CHOP/GADD153-dependent cell death. The transcription factor CHOP/GADD153 regulates apoptosis in response to the unfolded protein response. Here the authors show that CHOP/GADD153 regulates the expression of miR-216b, which targets c-Jun and sensitizes cells to ER stress-dependent apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, 3400, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
| | - Yiwen Bu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, 3400, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
| | - Nilesh Chitnis
- Department of Biochemistry, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, 3400, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
| | - Costas Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Serge Y Fuchs
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, 380 S. University Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - J Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, 3400, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Karandish F, Mallik S. Biomarkers and Targeted Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:27-35. [PMID: 27147897 PMCID: PMC4847554 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s34414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) constitutes 90% of pancreatic cancers. PDAC is a complex and devastating disease with only 1%-3% survival rate in five years after the second stage. Treatment of PDAC is complicated due to the tumor microenvironment, changing cell behaviors to the mesenchymal type, altered drug delivery, and drug resistance. Considering that pancreatic cancer shows early invasion and metastasis, critical research is needed to explore different aspects of the disease, such as elaboration of biomarkers, specific signaling pathways, and gene aberration. In this review, we highlight the biomarkers, the fundamental signaling pathways, and their importance in targeted drug delivery for pancreatic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Karandish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the US and is expected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Therefore, it is important to better understand the molecular pathogenesis, phenotypes and features of pancreatic cancer in order to design novel molecularly targeted therapies for achieving better therapeutic outcome of patients with pancreatic cancer. Recently, the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer became a hot topic in the scientific community of pancreatic cancer research. By conducting miRNA expression profiling, the aberrant expression of miRNAs was revealed in the serum and in cancer tissues from patients with pancreatic cancer. These aberrantly expressed miRNAs are critically correlated with the disease stage, drug resistance, and survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Hence, targeting these tiny molecules, the specific miRNAs, could provide an efficient and optimal approach in the therapy of pancreatic cancer. Indeed, the pre-clinical and in vivo experiments showed that nanoparticle delivery of synthetic oligonucleotides or treatment with natural agents could be useful to modulate the expression of miRNAs and thereby inhibit pancreatic cancer growth and progression, suggesting that targeting miRNAs combined with conventional anti-cancer therapeutics could be a novel therapeutic strategy for increasing drug sensitivity and achieving better therapeutic outcome of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- 1. Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- 1. Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; 2. Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2015; 64:177-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-015-0375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
22
|
Zhang X, Shi H, Lin S, Ba M, Cui S. MicroRNA-216a enhances the radiosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting beclin-1-mediated autophagy. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1557-64. [PMID: 26134156 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance has become a challenge in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, which limits the efficacy and outcomes of radiotherapy in clinical treatment. Autophagy, recognized as an adaptive response to cell stress, has recently been involved in the radioresistance of cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also involved in the radioresistance of pancreatic cancer cells. In the present study, we established a radioresistant pancreatic cancer cell line and found that miRNA-216a was significantly downregulated whereas the autophagy activity was increased as compared with the control. Forced expression of miR-216a was found to inhibit the expression of beclin-1, a critical autophagic gene, as well as autophagy. Using bioinformatics analysis and the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, we found that miR-216a directly interacted with 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of beclin-1. Furthermore, the forced expression of miR‑216a inhibited cell growth and colony formation ability and promoted the cell apoptosis of radioresistant pancreatic cancer cells in response to irradiation. By contrast, overexpression of beclin-1 abrogated the effects of miR-216a. Furthermore, miR-216a sensitized xenograft tumor to irradiation treatment and inhibited irradiation-induced autophagy by regulating beclin-1. Collectively, the results demonstrated that miR‑216a enhanced the radiosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting beclin-1-mediated autophagy, suggesting a promising molecular target for improving the radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangliang Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery (Section 2), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shengqv Lin
- Department of Abdominal Surgery (Section 2), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Mingchen Ba
- Department of Abdominal Surgery (Section 2), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhong Cui
- Department of Abdominal Surgery (Section 2), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Veliceasa D, Biyashev D, Qin G, Misener S, Mackie AR, Kishore R, Volpert OV. Therapeutic manipulation of angiogenesis with miR-27b. Vasc Cell 2015; 7:6. [PMID: 26161255 PMCID: PMC4497374 DOI: 10.1186/s13221-015-0031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies demonstrated pro-angiogenic effects of microRNA (miR)-27b. Its targets include Notch ligand Dll4, Sprouty (Spry)-2, PPARγ and Semaphorin (SEMA) 6A. miR-27 effects in the heart are context-dependent: although it is necessary for ventricular maturation, targeted overexpression in cardiomyocytes causes hypertrophy and dysfunction during development. Despite significant recent advances, therapeutic potential of miR-27b in cardiovascular disease and its effects in adult heart remain unexplored. Here, we assessed the therapeutic potential of miR-27b mimics and inhibitors in rodent models of ischemic disease and cancer. METHODS We have used a number of models to demonstrate the effects of miR-27b mimicry and inhibition in vivo, including subcutaneous Matrigel plug assay, mouse models of hind limb ischemia and myocardial infarction and subcutaneous Lewis Lung carcinoma. RESULTS Using mouse model of myocardial infarction due to the coronary artery ligation, we showed that miR-27b mimic had overall beneficial effects, including increased vascularization, decreased fibrosis and increased ejection fraction. In mouse model of critical limb ischemia, miR-27b mimic also improved tissue re-vascularization and perfusion. In both models, miR-27b mimic clearly decreased macrophage recruitment to the site of hypoxic injury. In contrast, miR-27b increased the recruitment of bone marrow derived cells to the neovasculature, as was shown using mice reconstituted with fluorescence-tagged bone marrow. These effects were due, at least in part, to the decreased expression of Dll4, PPARγ and IL10. In contrast, blocking miR-27b significantly decreased vascularization and reduced growth of subcutaneous tumors and decreased BMDCs recruitment to the tumor vasculature. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the utility of manipulating miR-27b levels in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Veliceasa
- Urology Department, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA ; Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago Medical College, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Dauren Biyashev
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Sol Misener
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Alexander Roy Mackie
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Raj Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Olga V Volpert
- Urology Department, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA ; Northwestern University, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chicago, IL USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Purpose To study the differential expression of microRNA (miRNA) profiles between intraocular medulloepithelioma (ME) and normal control tissue (CT). Material and Methods Total RNA was extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) intraocular ME (n=7) and from age matched ciliary body controls (n=8). The clinical history and phenotype was recorded. MiRNA profiles were determined using the Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA Arrays analyzed using expression console 1.3 software. Validation of significantly dysregulated miRNA was confimed by quantitaive real-time PCR. The web-based DNA Intelligent Analysis (DIANA)-miRPath v2.0 was used to perform enrichment analysis of differentially expressed (DE) miRNA gene targets in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. Results The pathologic evaluation revealed one benign (benign non-teratoid, n=1) and six malignant tumors (malignant teratoid, n=2; malignant non-teratoid, n = 4). A total of 88 miRNAs were upregulated and 43 miRNAs were downregulated significantly (P<0.05) in the tumor specimens. Many of these significantly dysregulated miRNAs were known to play various roles in carcinogenesis and tumor behavior. RT-PCR validated three significantly upregulated miRNAs and three significantly downregulated miRNAs namely miR-217, miR-216a, miR-216b, miR-146a, miR-509-3p and miR-211. Many DE miRNAs that were significant in ME tumors showed dysregulation in retinoblastoma, glioblastoma, and precursor, normal and reactive human cartilage. Enriched pathway analysis suggested a significant association of upregulated miRNAs with 15 pathways involved in prion disease and several types of cancer. The pathways involving significantly downregulated miRNAs included the toll-like receptor (TLR) (p<4.36E-16) and Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways (p<9.00E-06). Conclusions We report significantly dysregulated miRNAs in intraocular ME tumors, which exhibited abnormal profiles in other cancers as well such as retinoblastoma and glioblastoma. Pathway analysis of all dysregulated miRNAs shared commonalities with other cancer pathways.
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu FY, Zhou SJ, Deng YL, Zhang ZY, Zhang EL, Wu ZB, Huang ZY, Chen XP. MiR-216b is involved in pathogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through HBx-miR-216b-IGF2BP2 signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1670. [PMID: 25741595 PMCID: PMC4385924 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the expression status of miRNA-216b in familial hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the correlation between miRNA-216b expression and pathogenesis, as well as the progression of HCC. The expression profile of miRNAs in plasma of peripheral blood between HCC patients with HCC family history and healthy volunteers without HCC family history was determined by microarray. Using real-time quantitative PCR to detect the expression in paired tissues from 150 patients with HCC, miR-216b was selected as its expression value in HCC patients was significantly lower compared with healthy volunteers. Next, miR-216b expression and the clinicopathological features of HCC were evaluated. The effect of miR-216b expression on tumor cells was investigated by regulating miR-216b expression in SMMC-7721 and HepG2 in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we explored mRNA targets of miR-216b. In 150 HCC, 37 (75%) tumors showed reduced miR-216b expression comparing with their adjacent liver tissues. The decreased expression of miR-216b was significantly correlated with tumor volume (P=0.044), HBV infection (P=0.026), HBV DNA quantitative (P=0.001) and vascular invasion (P=0.032). The 5-year disease-free survival and overall rates after liver resection in low expression and high expression groups of miR-216b are 62% and 54%, 25% and 20%, respectively. MiR-216b overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and miR-216b inhibition did the opposite. The expression of hepatitis B virus x protein (HBx) has tight correlation with downregulation of miR-216b. Furthermore, miR-216b downregulated the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and exerted its tumor-suppressor function through inhibition of protein kinase B and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling downstream of IGF2. MiR-216b inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC by regulating IGF2BP2 and it is regulated by HBx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F-y Liu
- 1] Department of Surgery, Wuhan Center Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China [2] Research Laboratory and Hepatic Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - S-j Zhou
- Research Laboratory and Hepatic Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - Y-l Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Center Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Z-y Zhang
- Research Laboratory and Hepatic Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - E-l Zhang
- Research Laboratory and Hepatic Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - Z-b Wu
- Research Laboratory and Hepatic Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - Z-y Huang
- Research Laboratory and Hepatic Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - X-p Chen
- Research Laboratory and Hepatic Surgical Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bao B, Azmi AS, Ali S, Zaiem F, Sarkar FH. Metformin may function as anti-cancer agent via targeting cancer stem cells: the potential biological significance of tumor-associated miRNAs in breast and pancreatic cancers. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2014; 2:59. [PMID: 25333034 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.06.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is one of the most used diabetic drugs for the management of type II diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. Increased numbers of epidemiological and clinical studies have provided convincing evidence supporting the role of metformin in the development and progression of a variety of human tumors including breast and pancreatic cancer. Substantial pre-clinical evidence from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies strongly suggests that metformin has an anti-cancer activity mediated through the regulation of several cell signaling pathways including activation of AMP kinase (AMPK), and other direct and indirect mechanisms; however, the detailed mechanism(s) has not yet been fully understood. The concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has gained significant attention in recent years due its identification and defining its clinical implications in many different tumors including breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this review, we will discuss the protective role of metformin in the development of breast and pancreatic cancers. We will further discuss the role of metformin as an anti-cancer agent, which is in part mediated through targeting CSCs. Finally, we will discuss the potential role of metformin in the modulation of tumor-associated or CSC-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) as part of the novel mechanism of action of metformin in the development and progression of breast and pancreatic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bao
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shadan Ali
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Feras Zaiem
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Next generation sequencing of pancreatic cyst fluid microRNAs from low grade-benign and high grade-invasive lesions. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:404-9. [PMID: 25304377 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a precursor cystic lesion to pancreatic cancer. With the goal of classifying IPMN cases by risk of progression to pancreatic cancer, we undertook an exploratory next generation sequencing (NGS) based profiling study of miRNAs (miRNome) in the cyst fluids from low grade-benign and high grade-invasive pancreatic cystic lesions. Thirteen miRNAs (miR-138, miR-195, miR-204, miR-216a, miR-217, miR-218, miR-802, miR-155, miR-214, miR-26a, miR-30b, miR-31, and miR-125) were enriched and two miRNAs (miR-451a and miR-4284) were depleted in the cyst fluids derived from invasive carcinomas. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that the relative abundance of tumor suppressor miR-216a and miR-217 varied significantly in these cyst fluid samples. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) analysis indicated that the genes targeted by the differentially enriched cyst fluid miRNAs are involved in five canonical signaling pathways, including molecular mechanisms of cancer and signaling pathways implicated in colorectal, ovarian and prostate cancers. Our findings make a compelling case for undertaking in-depth analyses of cyst fluid miRNomes for developing informative early detection biomarkers of pancreatic cancer developing from pancreatic cystic lesions.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang S, Chen X, Tang M. MicroRNA-216a inhibits pancreatic cancer by directly targeting Janus kinase 2. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2824-30. [PMID: 25220761 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-216a expression is significantly downregulated in human pancreatic cancer, however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed to identify and characterize the direct target gene and potential function of miR-216a in pancreatic cancer cells. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) was a direct target gene of miR-216a. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis demonstrated that miR-216a decreased the mRNA and protein levels of JAK2 in pancreatic cancer cells. Phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was also downregulated by miR-216a, whereas the anti-miR-216a treatment had an opposite effect. Treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with miR-216a significantly inhibited cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis. In addition, the downstream genes of JAK2/STAT3, survivin and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, which are anti‑apoptotic genes, were also decreased by miR-216a. Moreover, miR-216a overexpression markedly inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Compared with miR-216a treatment, anti-miR-216a treatment exhibited opposite effects throughout the entire experiment, confirming the inhibitory effect of miR-216a on pancreatic cancer by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The results provided evidence that miR-216a targeting JAK2 negatively regulated the development of pancreatic cancer cells and may be used to develop a miRNA-based therapeutic strategy against pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China
| | - Meiyue Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping, Shenyang, Liaoning 110022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shi K, Queiroz KCS, Roelofs JJTH, van Noesel CJM, Richel DJ, Spek CA. Protease-activated receptor 2 suppresses lymphangiogenesis and subsequent lymph node metastasis in a murine pancreatic cancer model. J Pathol 2014; 234:398-409. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shi
- Centre for Experimental and Molecular Medicine; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Karla CS Queiroz
- Centre for Experimental and Molecular Medicine; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joris JTH Roelofs
- Department of Pathology; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Dirk J Richel
- Department of Medical Oncology; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - C Arnold Spek
- Centre for Experimental and Molecular Medicine; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zheng L, Zhang X, Yang F, Zhu J, Zhou P, Yu F, Hou L, Xiao L, He Q, Wang B. Regulation of the P2X7R by microRNA-216b in human breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:197-204. [PMID: 25078617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women around the world. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer pathogenesis are only partially understood. Here, in this study, we found that P2X7R was up-regulated and miR-216b was down-regulated in breast cancer cell lines and tissues. Using bioinformatic analysis and 3'UTR luciferase reporter assay, we determined P2X7R can be directly targeted by miR-216b, which can down-regulate endogenous P2X7R mRNA and protein levels. Ectopic expression of miR-216b mimics leads to inhibited cell growth and apoptosis, while blocking expression of the miR-216b results in increased cell proliferation. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that knockdown of P2X7R promotes apoptosis in breast cancer cells through down-regulating Bcl-2 and increasing the cleavage caspase-3 protein level. Finally, we confirmed that down-regulation of miR-216b in breast cancer is inversely associated with P2X7R expression level. Together, these findings establish miR-216b as a novel regulator of P2X7R and a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luming Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xukui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qingqing He
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China
| | - Baocheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan 250031, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ali S, Ahmad A, Aboukameel A, Ahmed A, Bao B, Banerjee S, Philip PA, Sarkar FH. Deregulation of miR-146a expression in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer affecting EGFR signaling. Cancer Lett 2014; 351:134-42. [PMID: 24839931 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays important roles in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer (PC). Expression analysis of miR-146a in human PC tissues showed decreased expression in about 80% of samples compared to corresponding non-cancerous tissue. Moreover, expression of miR-146a in eight PC cell lines, and in pancreatic tissues obtained from transgenic mouse models of K-Ras (K), Pdx1-Cre (C), K-Ras;Pdx1-Cre (KC) and K-Ras;Pdx1-Cre;INK4a/Arf (KCI), showed down-regulation of miR-146a expression in KCI mice which was in part led to over-expression of its target gene, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Treatment of PC cells with CDF, a novel synthetic compound, led to re-expression of miR-146a, resulting in the down-regulation of EGFR expression. Moreover, re-expression of miR-146a by stable transfection or treatment with CDF in vivo (xenograft animal model) resulted in decreased tumor growth which was consistent with reduced EGFR, ERK1, ERK2, and K-Ras expression. Further knock-down of miR-146a in AsPC-1 cells led to the up-regulation of EGFR expression and showed increased clonogenic growth. In addition, knock-down of EGFR by EGFR siRNA transfection of parental AsPC-1 cells and AsPC-1 cells stably transfected with pre-miR-146a resulted in decreased invasive capacity, which was further confirmed by reduced luciferase activity in cells transfected with pMIR-Luc reporter vector containing miR-146a binding site. Collectively, these results suggest that the loss of expression of miR-146a is a fundamental mechanism for over-expression of EGFR signaling and that re-expression of miR-146a by CDF treatment could be useful in designing personalized strategy for the treatment of human PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shadan Ali
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Amro Aboukameel
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Alia Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Sanjeev Banerjee
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Philip A Philip
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kneitz B, Krebs M, Kalogirou C, Schubert M, Joniau S, van Poppel H, Lerut E, Kneitz S, Scholz CJ, Ströbel P, Gessler M, Riedmiller H, Spahn M. Survival in patients with high-risk prostate cancer is predicted by miR-221, which regulates proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of prostate cancer cells by inhibiting IRF2 and SOCS3. Cancer Res 2014; 74:2591-603. [PMID: 24607843 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A lack of reliably informative biomarkers to distinguish indolent and lethal prostate cancer is one reason this disease is overtreated. miR-221 has been suggested as a biomarker in high-risk prostate cancer, but there is insufficient evidence of its potential utility. Here we report that miR-221 is an independent predictor for cancer-related death, extending and validating earlier findings. By mechanistic investigations we showed that miR-221 regulates cell growth, invasiveness, and apoptosis in prostate cancer at least partially via STAT1/STAT3-mediated activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. miR-221 directly inhibits the expression of SOCS3 and IRF2, two oncogenes that negatively regulate this signaling pathway. miR-221 expression sensitized prostate cancer cells for IFN-γ-mediated growth inhibition. Our findings suggest that miR-221 offers a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in high-risk prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Kneitz
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Wuerzburg; IZKF Laboratory for Microarray Applications, University Hospital Wuerzburg; Departments of Physiological Chemistry I; Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg; Department of Pathology, University Hospital Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; and Departments of Urology and Pathology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hao J, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Ye R, Wen J, Li J. Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:605-10. [PMID: 24166873 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hao
- Department of Orthodontics; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Rui Ye
- Department of Orthodontics; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jianing Wen
- West China School of Medicine; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Orthodontics; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Faraji F, Hu Y, Wu G, Goldberger NE, Walker RC, Zhang J, Hunter KW. An integrated systems genetics screen reveals the transcriptional structure of inherited predisposition to metastatic disease. Genome Res 2013; 24:227-40. [PMID: 24322557 PMCID: PMC3912413 DOI: 10.1101/gr.166223.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the result of stochastic genomic and epigenetic events leading to gene expression profiles that drive tumor dissemination. Here we exploit the principle that metastatic propensity is modified by the genetic background to generate prognostic gene expression signatures that illuminate regulators of metastasis. We also identify multiple microRNAs whose germline variation is causally linked to tumor progression and metastasis. We employ network analysis of global gene expression profiles in tumors derived from a panel of recombinant inbred mice to identify a network of co-expressed genes centered on Cnot2 that predicts metastasis-free survival. Modulating Cnot2 expression changes tumor cell metastatic potential in vivo, supporting a functional role for Cnot2 in metastasis. Small RNA sequencing of the same tumor set revealed a negative correlation between expression of the Mir216/217 cluster and tumor progression. Expression quantitative trait locus analysis (eQTL) identified cis-eQTLs at the Mir216/217 locus, indicating that differences in expression may be inherited. Ectopic expression of Mir216/217 in tumor cells suppressed metastasis in vivo. Finally, small RNA sequencing and mRNA expression profiling data were integrated to reveal that miR-3470a/b target a high proportion of network transcripts. In vivo analysis of Mir3470a/b demonstrated that both promote metastasis. Moreover, Mir3470b is a likely regulator of the Cnot2 network as its overexpression down-regulated expression of network hub genes and enhanced metastasis in vivo, phenocopying Cnot2 knockdown. The resulting data from this strategy identify Cnot2 as a novel regulator of metastasis and demonstrate the power of our systems-level approach in identifying modifiers of metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhoud Faraji
- Metastasis Susceptibility Section, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sethi S, Ali S, Kong D, Philip PA, Sarkar FH. Clinical Implication of MicroRNAs in Molecular Pathology. Clin Lab Med 2013; 33:773-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
36
|
Kalluri Sai Shiva UM, Kuruva MM, Mitnala S, Rupjyoti T, Guduru Venkat R, Botlagunta S, Kandagaddala R, Siddapuram SP, Sekaran A, Chemalakonda R, Rebala P, Duvvuru NR. MicroRNA profiling in periampullary carcinoma. Pancreatology 2013; 14:36-47. [PMID: 24555977 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA expression patterns in many physiological and oncogenic processes have been established. However, the role of aberrant miRNA expression in periampullary carcinoma (PAC) has not been elucidated. We hypothesize that PAC may have differential expression of miRNAs which may differentiate the tumor histological subtypes. METHODS Fresh paired tumor and control samples were collected from the PAC patients undergoing Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy. Microarray miRNA profiling was performed utilizing tumor (n = 40) and control tissues; adjacent normal pancreas (n = 22), six each distal CBD, duodenum and ampulla. Data obtained was subjected to statistical and bioinformatic analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs obtained were validated using qPCR in an independent set of samples. RESULTS Comparison of PAC tissue samples with controls revealed 29 common and differentially expressed miRNAs (20 upregulated and 9 downregulated) with a higher statistical significance (p < 0.001) and fold change (log2 FC > 1.5). A subset of 16 miRNAs (15 overexpressed and 1 underexpressed) differed in expression levels between pancreatobiliary and intestinal subtypes. Among these, miR-375, miR-31 and miR-196a expressions varied significantly between histological subtypes. Differential expression profiles of miRNAs specific to TNM staging was also observed in PAC subtypes. Target gene prediction for the differentially expressed miRNAs in PAC revealed that target genes are enriched for certain pathways. Particularly, Wnt signaling pathway genes appear to be relevant targets for most of the differentially expressed miRNAs. CONCLUSION Differentially expressed common miRNA signatures identified in PAC subgroups may have a role in pathogenesis of PAC and miR-375, miR-31 and miR-196a expression patterns may differentiate PAC subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Talukdar Rupjyoti
- Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India; Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, 6-3-661, Somajiguda, Hyderabad 500082, India
| | - Rao Guduru Venkat
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, 6-3-661, Somajiguda, Hyderabad 500082, India
| | | | | | | | - Anuradha Sekaran
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, 6-3-661, Somajiguda, Hyderabad 500082, India
| | | | - Pradeep Rebala
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, 6-3-661, Somajiguda, Hyderabad 500082, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li L, Li H. Role of microRNA-mediated MMP regulation in the treatment and diagnosis of malignant tumors. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:796-805. [PMID: 23917402 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.25936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis and contribute to tumor growth, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion primarily via extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and/or the activation of pre-pro-growth factors. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the posttranscriptional regulation of MMPs via microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we highlight the complicated interactive network comprised of different MMPs and their regulating microRNAs, as well as the ways in which these interactions influence cancer development, including tumor angiogenesis, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Based on the conclusive roles that microRNAs play in the regulation of MMPs during cancer progression, we discuss the potential use of microRNA-mediated MMP regulation in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors from the clinical perspective. In particular, microRNA-mediated MMP regulation may lead to the development of promising new MMP inhibitors that target MMPs more selectively, and this approach may also target multiple molecules in a network, leading to the efficient regulation of distinct biological processes relevant to malignant tumors. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying microRNA-mediated MMP regulation during tumor progression will help to provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Li
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine; Huzhou Central Hospital; Huzhou, China
| | - Heng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Teachers College; The First People's Hospital of Huzhou; Huzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
MLH1 as a direct target of MiR-155 and a potential predictor of favorable prognosis in pancreatic cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2013; 17:1399-405. [PMID: 23715647 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-013-2230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regulation of Mut L homologue 1 (MLH1) expression by microRNA (miR)-155 and its prognostic significance in pancreatic cancer (PC) remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to address the issues. METHODS MiR-155 mimics and inhibitor were transfected to PC cell lines, Panc-1 and Capan-1. Expression of MLH1 was subsequently evaluated. Then, luciferase activity was detected after miR-155 mimics and pRL-TK plasmids containing wild-type and mutant 3'UTRs of MLH1 mRNA were co-transfected. Finally, immunohistochemical staining for MLH1 was performed in PC samples. RESULTS Transfection of miR-155 mimics and inhibitor led to reversely altered protein expressions of miR-155 and MLH1, whereas the corresponding mRNA expressions were similar. A significant decrease in luciferase activity in the cells transfected with the wild-type pRL-TK plasmid was shown in contrast to those transfected with the mutant one. In addition, MLH1 was less expressed in tumor than in para-tumor tissues of PC. Extensive MLH1 expression was significantly associated with favorable differentiation and less lymph node metastasis. MLH1 expression was found to be a prognosticator in univariate analysis, and being of marginally significant impact in multivariate test. CONCLUSIONS MLH1 might serve as a direct target of miR-155 and a potential prognosis predictor in PC.
Collapse
|
39
|
Clinical advances in molecular biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:14771-84. [PMID: 23863689 PMCID: PMC3742272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140714771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer diagnosis is currently undergoing a paradigm shift with the incorporation of molecular biomarkers as part of routine diagnostic panel. The molecular alteration ranges from those involving the DNA, RNA, microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins. The miRNAs are recently discovered small non-coding endogenous single-stranded RNAs that critically regulates the development, invasion and metastasis of cancers. They are altered in cancers and have the potential to serve as diagnostic markers for cancer. Moreover, deregulating their activity offers novel cancer therapeutic approaches. The availability of high throughput techniques for the identification of altered cellular molecules allowed their use in cancer diagnosis. Their application to a variety of body specimens from blood to tissues has been helpful for appreciating their use in the clinical context. The development of innovative antibodies for immunohistochemical detection of proteins also assists in diagnosis and risk stratification. Overall, the novel cancer diagnostic tools have extended their application as prognostic risk factors and can be used as targets for personalized medicine.
Collapse
|
40
|
Rappa G, Mercapide J, Anzanello F, Pope RM, Lorico A. Biochemical and biological characterization of exosomes containing prominin-1/CD133. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:62. [PMID: 23767874 PMCID: PMC3698112 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes can be viewed as complex “messages” packaged to survive trips to other cells in the local microenvironment and, through body fluids, to distant sites. A large body of evidence indicates a pro-metastatic role for certain types of cancer exosomes. We previously reported that prominin-1 had a pro-metastatic role in melanoma cells and that microvesicles released from metastatic melanoma cells expressed high levels of prominin-1. With the goal to explore the mechanisms that govern proteo-lipidic-microRNA sorting in cancer exosomes and their potential contribution(s) to the metastatic phenotype, we here employed prominin-1-based immunomagnetic separation in combination with filtration and ultracentrifugation to purify prominin-1-expressing exosomes (prom1-exo) from melanoma and colon carcinoma cells. Prom1-exo contained 154 proteins, including all of the 14 proteins most frequently expressed in exosomes, and multiple pro-metastatic proteins, including CD44, MAPK4K, GTP-binding proteins, ADAM10 and Annexin A2. Their lipid composition resembled that of raft microdomains, with a great enrichment in lyso-phosphatidylcholine, lyso-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine and sphingomyelin. The abundance of tetraspanins and of tetraspanin-associated proteins, together with the high levels of sphingomyelin, suggests that proteolipidic assemblies, probably tetraspanin webs, might be the essential structural determinant in the release process of prominin-1 of stem and cancer stem cells. Micro-RNA profiling revealed 49 species of micro-RNA present at higher concentrations in prom1-exo than in parental cells, including 20 with cancer-related function. Extensive accumulation of prom1-exo was observed 3 h after their addition to cultures of melanoma and bone marrow-derived stromal cells (MSC). Short-term co-culture of melanoma cells and MSC resulted in heterologous prominin-1 transfer. Exposure of MSC to prom1-exo increased their invasiveness. Our study supports the concept that specific populations of cancer exosomes contain multiple determinants of the metastatic potential of the cells from which they are derived.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Germana Rappa
- Cancer Research Center, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV 89135, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang Z, Ali S, Banerjee S, Bao B, Li Y, Azmi AS, Korc M, Sarkar FH. Activated K-Ras and INK4a/Arf deficiency promote aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer by induction of EMT consistent with cancer stem cell phenotype. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:556-562. [PMID: 22806240 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, suggesting that there is an urgent need to design novel strategies for achieving better treatment outcome of patients diagnosed with PDAC. Our previous study has shown that activation of Notch and NF-κB play a critical role in the development of PDAC in the compound K-Ras(G12D) and Ink4a/Arf deficient transgenic mice. However, the exact molecular mechanism by which mutated K-Ras and Ink4a/Arf deficiency contribute to progression of PDAC remains largely elusive. In the present study, we used multiple methods, such as real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting assay, and immunohistochemistry to gain further mechanistic insight. We found that the deletion of Ink4a/Arf in K-Ras(G12D) expressing mice led to high expression of PDGF-D signaling pathway in the tumor and tumor-derived cell line (RInk-1 cells). Furthermore, PDGF-D knock-down in RInk-1 cells resulted in the inhibition of pancreatosphere formation and down-regulation of EZH2, CD44, EpCAM, and vimentin. Moreover, we demonstrated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was induced in the compound mice, which is linked with aggressiveness of PDAC. In addition, we demonstrated that tumors from compound transgenic mice have higher expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. These results suggest that the acquisition of EMT phenotype and induction of CSC characteristics could be linked with the aggressiveness of PDAC mediated in part through the activation of PDGF-D, signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Shadan Ali
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Sanjeev Banerjee
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yiwei Li
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Murray Korc
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Current world literature. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 18:111-30. [PMID: 23299306 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32835daf68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
43
|
Ali AS, Ahmad A, Ali S, Bao B, Philip PA, Sarkar FH. The role of cancer stem cells and miRNAs in defining the complexities of brain metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2012; 228:36-42. [PMID: 22689345 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Researchers and clinicians have been challenged with the development of therapies for the treatment of cancer patients whose tumors metastasized to the brain. Among the most lethal weapons known today, current management of brain metastases involves multiple therapeutic modalities that provide little, if any, for improving the quality of life and overall survival. Recently the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the development of cancer has been studied extensively, and thus its role in the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment is now being investigated even in the realm of brain metastasis (BM). Recognizing the molecular make-up of CSCs as well as understanding the role of these cells in resistance to treatment modalities is expected to benefit cancer patients. Additionally, past decade has witnessed an increase in awareness and understanding of the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various cancer types, and the deregulation miRNAs are critically important for the regulation of genes during the development and progression of human malignancies. The role miRNAs in BM is being investigated, and has also shown tremendous promise for future research. In this review, we discuss the problem and lethality of brain metastases and the current state of management, and further provide insight into novel avenues that are worth considering including the biological complexities of CSCs and miRNAs for designing novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashhar S Ali
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Song SD, Zhou J, Zhu DM, Zhao H, Zhang ZX, Li DC. Clinical significance of expression of PDK1 in human pancreatic cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:2632-2637. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i27.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of PDK1 in human pancreatic cancer and to analyze its correlation with clinicopathological features of this pancreatic malignancy.
METHODS: The mRNA and protein expression of PDK1 was detected in 44 pancreatic cancer tissue samples and matched tumor-adjacent normal tissue samples by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. Then, the relationship between expression of PDK1 and clinicopathological features of pancreatic cancer was analyzed.
RESULTS: Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that PDK1 expression level in pancreatic cancer tissue was higher than that in the tumor-adjacent pancreatic tissue (0.352006 vs 0.074887, P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed a higher positive rate of PDK1 protein expression in cancer tissue than in adjacent tissue. Expression of PDK1 had no significant correlation with gender, age, tumor size or differentiate type (all P > 0.05), but was related to T stage, lymph nodes metastasis and TNM stage (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Up-regulation of PDK1 expression in pancreatic cancer suggests that PDK1 may be involved in the carcinogenesis, development and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
|
45
|
Soubani O, Ali AS, Logna F, Ali S, Philip PA, Sarkar FH. Re-expression of miR-200 by novel approaches regulates the expression of PTEN and MT1-MMP in pancreatic cancer. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1563-71. [PMID: 22637745 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is often activated and expressed in tumor cells with significant invasive properties, and is associated with poor prognosis of patients. This could partly be due to deregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) which regulates the expression of MT1-MMP and PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) contributing to tumor invasion and metastasis. We initially compared the expression profile of miR-200 family, PTEN and MT1-MMP expression in six pancreatic cancer (PC) cell lines by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. We found loss of expression of miR-200a, b and c in chemo-resistant PC cell lines, which was correlated with loss of PTEN and over-expression of MT1-MMP. Based on our initial findings, we chose BxPC-3, MIAPaCa-2 and MIAPaCa-2-GR cells for further mechanistic studies We assessed the effect of two separate novel agents CDF (a synthetic analog of curcumin) and BR-DIM (a natural agent) on PC cells. The expression of miR-200 family and PTEN was significantly re-expressed whereas the expression of MT1-MMP was down-regulated by CDF and BR-DIM treatment. Forced over-expression or silencing of miR-200c, followed by either CDF or BR-DIM treatment of MIAPaCa-2 cells, altered the morphology of cells, wound-healing capacity, colony formation and the expression of MT1-MMP and PTEN. These results provide strong experimental evidence showing that the loss of miR-200 family and PTEN expression and increased level of MT1-MMP leads to aggressive behavior of PC cells, which could be attenuated through re-expression of miR-200c by CDF and/or BR-DIM treatment, suggesting that these agents could be useful for PC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Soubani
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 740 Hudson Webber Cancer Research Center, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xia J, Sarkar FH, Wang Z. Emerging Role of MicroRNA in Pancreatic Cancer. PANCREATIC DISORDERS & THERAPY 2012; 2:e114. [PMID: 24851195 PMCID: PMC4026007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xia
- Department of Biochemistry, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, PR China
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, USA
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, PR China
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Advances in understanding the biology of tumour progression and metastasis have clearly highlighted the importance of aberrant tumour metabolism, which supports not only the energy requirements but also the enormous biosynthetic needs of tumour cells. Such metabolic alterations modulate glucose, amino acid and fatty-acid-dependent metabolite biosynthesis and energy production. Although much progress has been made in understanding the somatic mutations and expression genomics behind these alterations, the regulation of these processes by microRNAs (miRNAs) is only just beginning to be appreciated. This Review focuses on the miRNAs that are potential regulators of the expression of genes whose protein products either directly regulate metabolic machinery or serve as master regulators, indirectly modulating the expression of metabolic enzymes. We focus particularly on miRNAs in pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hassan O, Ahmad A, Sethi S, Sarkar FH. Recent updates on the role of microRNAs in prostate cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2012; 5:9. [PMID: 22417299 PMCID: PMC3313897 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are involved in several important biological processes through regulation of genes post-transcriptionally. Carcinogenesis is one of the key biological processes where miRNAs play important role in the regulation of genes. The miRNAs elicit their effects by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of their target mRNAs, leading to the inhibition of translation or the degradation of the mRNA, depending on the degree of complementary base pairing. To-date more than 1,000 miRNAs are postulated to exist, although the field is moving rapidly. Currently, miRNAs are becoming the center of interest in a number of research areas, particularly in oncology, as documented by exponential growth in publications in the last decade. These studies have shown that miRNAs are deregulated in a wide variety of human cancers. Thus, it is reasonable to ask the question whether further understanding on the role of miRNAs could be useful for diagnosis, prognosis and predicting therapeutic response for prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, in this review article, we will discuss the potential roles of different miRNAs in PCa in order to provide up-to-date information, which is expected to stimulate further research in the field for realizing the benefit of miRNA-targeted therapeutic approach for the treatment of metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the near future because there is no curative treatment for mCRPC at the moment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oudai Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|