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Medeiros M, Guenka S, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Brassesco MS. Amicis Omnia Sunt Communia: NF-κB Inhibition as an Alternative to Overcome Osteosarcoma Heterogeneity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:734. [PMID: 38931401 PMCID: PMC11206879 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity poses a significant challenge in osteosarcoma (OS) treatment. In this regard, the "omics" era has constantly expanded our understanding of biomarkers and altered signaling pathways (i.e., PI3K/AKT/mTOR, WNT/β-catenin, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, among others) involved in OS pathophysiology. Despite different players and complexities, many commonalities have been described, among which the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) stands out. Its altered activation is pervasive in cancer, with pleiotropic action on many disease-relevant traits. Thus, in the scope of this article, we highlight the evidence of NF-κB dysregulation in OS and its integration with other cancer-related pathways while we summarize the repertoire of compounds that have been described to interfere with its action. In silico strategies were used to demonstrate that NF-κB is closely coordinated with other commonly dysregulated signaling pathways not only by functionally interacting with several of their members but also by actively participating in the regulation of their transcription. While existing inhibitors lack selectivity or act indirectly, the therapeutic potential of targeting NF-κB is indisputable, first for its multifunctionality on most cancer hallmarks, and secondly, because, as a common downstream effector of the many dysregulated pathways influencing OS aggressiveness, it turns complex regulatory networks into a simpler picture underneath molecular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Medeiros
- Cell Biology Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Sophia Guenka
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
| | - David Bastos
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
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Di Liberto D, Iacuzzi N, Pratelli G, Porrello A, Maggio A, La Bella S, De Blasio A, Notaro A, D’Anneo A, Emanuele S, Affranchi F, Giuliano M, Lauricella M, Carlisi D. Cytotoxic Effect Induced by Sicilian Oregano Essential Oil in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2733. [PMID: 38067161 PMCID: PMC10706043 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Origanum vulgare L. is an aromatic plant that exerts antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities, mainly due to its essential oil (EO) content. In this study, we investigated the possible mechanism underlying the in vitro antitumor activity of EO extracted by hydrodistillation of dried flowers and leaves of Origanum vulgare L. grown in Sicily (Italy) in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Oregano essential oil (OEO) composition highlighted the presence of twenty-six major phytocompounds, such as p-cymene, γ-terpinene, and thymoquinone p-acetanisole. OEO possesses strong antioxidant capacity, as demonstrated by the DPPH test. Our studies provided evidence that OEO reduces the viability of both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The cytotoxic effect of OEO on breast cancer cells was partially counteracted by the addition of z-VAD-fmk, a general caspase inhibitor. Caspases and mitochondrial dysfunction appeared to be involved in the OEO-induced death mechanism. Western blotting analysis showed that OEO-induced activation of pro-caspases-9 and -3 and fragmentation of PARP decreased the levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL while increasing those of Bax and VDAC. In addition, fluorescence microscopy and cytofluorimetric analysis showed that OEO induces a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in both cell lines. Furthermore, we tested the effects of p-cymene, γ-terpinene, thymoquinone, and p-acetanisole, which are the main components of OEO. Our findings highlighted that the effect of OEO on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells appears to be mainly due to the combination of different constituents of OEO, providing evidence of the potential use of OEO for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Di Liberto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.D.L.); (S.E.)
| | - Nicolò Iacuzzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (N.I.); (S.L.B.)
| | - Giovanni Pratelli
- Department of Physics and Chemistry (DiFC)-Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Antonella Porrello
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Chemistry, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonella Maggio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Chemistry, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Salvatore La Bella
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (N.I.); (S.L.B.)
| | - Anna De Blasio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (A.N.); (A.D.); (F.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Antonietta Notaro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (A.N.); (A.D.); (F.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Antonella D’Anneo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (A.N.); (A.D.); (F.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.D.L.); (S.E.)
| | - Federica Affranchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (A.N.); (A.D.); (F.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.B.); (A.N.); (A.D.); (F.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.D.L.); (S.E.)
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.D.L.); (S.E.)
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Notaro A, Lauricella M, Di Liberto D, Emanuele S, Giuliano M, Attanzio A, Tesoriere L, Carlisi D, Allegra M, De Blasio A, Calvaruso G, D'Anneo A. A Deadly Liaison between Oxidative Injury and p53 Drives Methyl-Gallate-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1292. [PMID: 37372022 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyl gallate (MG), which is a gallotannin widely found in plants, is a polyphenol used in traditional Chinese phytotherapy to alleviate several cancer symptoms. Our studies provided evidence that MG is capable of reducing the viability of HCT116 colon cancer cells, while it was found to be ineffective on differentiated Caco-2 cells, which is a model of polarized colon cells. In the first phase of treatment, MG promoted both early ROS generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, sustained by elevated PERK, Grp78 and CHOP expression levels, as well as an upregulation in intracellular calcium content. Such events were accompanied by an autophagic process (16-24 h), where prolonging the time (48 h) of MG exposure led to cellular homeostasis collapse and apoptotic cell death with DNA fragmentation and p53 and γH2Ax activation. Our data demonstrated that a crucial role in the MG-induced mechanism is played by p53. Its level, which increased precociously (4 h) in MG-treated cells, was tightly intertwined with oxidative injury. Indeed, the addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is a ROS scavenger, counteracted the p53 increase, as well as the MG effect on cell viability. Moreover, MG promoted p53 accumulation into the nucleus and its inhibition by pifithrin-α (PFT-α), which is a negative modulator of p53 transcriptional activity, enhanced autophagy, increased the LC3-II level and inhibited apoptotic cell death. These findings provide new clues to the potential action of MG as a possible anti-tumor phytomolecule for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Notaro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Diana Di Liberto
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Allegra
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna De Blasio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calvaruso
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Zhu S, Sun P, Bennett S, Charlesworth O, Tan R, Peng X, Gu Q, Kujan O, Xu J. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of parthenolide in skeletal disease, cancers, and cytokine storm. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1111218. [PMID: 37033622 PMCID: PMC10080395 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Parthenolide (PTL or PAR) was first isolated from Magnolia grandiflora and identified as a small molecule cancer inhibitor. PTL has the chemical structure of C15H20O3 with characteristics of sesquiterpene lactones and exhibits the biological property of inhibiting DNA biosynthesis of cancer cells. In this review, we summarise the recent research progress of medicinal PTL, including the therapeutic effects on skeletal diseases, cancers, and inflammation-induced cytokine storm. Mechanistic investigations reveal that PTL predominantly inhibits NF-κB activation and other signalling pathways, such as reactive oxygen species. As an inhibitor of NF-κB, PTL appears to inhibit several cytokines, including RANKL, TNF-α, IL-1β, together with LPS induced activation of NF-κB and NF-κB -mediated specific gene expression such as IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS, IL-8, MCP-1, RANTES, ICAM-1, VCAM-1. It is also proposed that PTL could inhibit cytokine storms or hypercytokinemia triggered by COVID-19 via blocking the activation of NF-κB signalling. Understanding the pharmacologic properties of PTL will assist us in developing its therapeutic application for medical conditions, including arthritis, osteolysis, periodontal disease, cancers, and COVID-19-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sipin Zhu, ; Jiake Xu,
| | - Ping Sun
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Samuel Bennett
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Oscar Charlesworth
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Renxiang Tan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Peng
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sipin Zhu, ; Jiake Xu,
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Semisynthetic Sesquiterpene Lactones Generated by the Sensibility of Glaucolide B to Lewis and Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases: Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031243. [PMID: 36770909 PMCID: PMC9921329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactone (SL) subtypes including hirsutinolide and cadinanolide have a controversial genesis. Metabolites of these classes are either described as natural products or as artifacts produced via the influence of solvents, chromatographic mobile phases, and adsorbents used in phytochemical studies. Based on this divergence, and to better understand the sensibility of these metabolites, different pH conditions were used to prepare semisynthetic SLs and evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. Therefore, glaucolide B (1) was treated with various Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis acids and bases-the same approach was applied to some of its derivatives-allowing us to obtain 14 semisynthetic SL derivatives, 10 of which are hereby reported for the first time. Hirsutinolide derivatives 7a (CC50 = 5.0 µM; SI = 2.5) and 7b (CC50 = 11.2 µM; SI = 2.5) and the germacranolide derivative 8a (CC50 = 3.1 µM; SI = 3.0) revealed significant cytotoxic activity and selectivity against human melanoma SK-MEL-28 cells when compared with that against non-tumoral HUVEC cells. Additionally, compounds 7a and 7c.1 showed strongly reduced interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitrite (NOx) release in pre-treated M1 macrophages J774A.1 when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Despite the fact that hirsutinolide and cadinanolide SLs may be produced via plant metabolism, this study shows that acidic and alkaline extraction and solid-phase purification processes can promote their formation.
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LIU X, WANG X. Recent advances on the structural modification of parthenolide and its derivatives as anticancer agents. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:814-829. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu W, Liang B, Zeng J, Meng J, Shi L, Yang S, Chang J, Wang C, Hu X, Wang X, Han N, Lu C, Li J, Wang C, Li H, Zhang R, Xing D. First Discovery of Cholesterol-Lowering Activity of Parthenolide as NPC1L1 Inhibitor. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196270. [PMID: 36234807 PMCID: PMC9572688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated cholesterol significantly increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The key to treating hypercholesterolemia is lowering plasma cholesterol levels. There have been no studies on the cholesterol-lowering potential of parthenolide (PTL), a naturally occurring small molecule from Tanacetum parthenium. Here, we first put forth PTL’s cholesterol-lowering ability to inhibit cellular uptake of cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. Its performance was on par with the positive control drug, ezetimibe. Niemann–Pick C1 Like-1 (NPC1L1) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia. The interaction of PTL with NPC1L1 could be explained by the results of molecular docking and filipin staining further reinforces this hypothesis. Furthermore, PTL reduced the expression of NPC1L1 in HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which suggests that PTL functions as a potential NPC1L1 inhibitor with therapeutic potential for hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingsen Meng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingyu Shi
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shanbo Yang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xufu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chenghui Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huanting Li
- Interventional Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (D.X.)
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, School of Basic Medicine of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100190, China
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (D.X.)
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Kazantseva L, Becerra J, Santos-Ruiz L. Traditional Medicinal Plants as a Source of Inspiration for Osteosarcoma Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155008. [PMID: 35956961 PMCID: PMC9370649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common types of bone cancers among paediatric patients. Despite the advances made in surgery, chemo-, and radiotherapy, the mortality rate of metastatic osteosarcoma remains unchangeably high. The standard drug combination used to treat this bone cancer has remained the same for the last 20 years, and it produces many dangerous side effects. Through history, from ancient to modern times, nature has been a remarkable source of chemical diversity, used to alleviate human disease. The application of modern scientific technology to the study of natural products has identified many specific molecules with anti-cancer properties. This review describes the latest discovered anti-cancer compounds extracted from traditional medicinal plants, with a focus on osteosarcoma research, and on their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. The presented compounds have proven to kill osteosarcoma cells by interfering with different pathways: apoptosis induction, stimulation of autophagy, generation of reactive oxygen species, etc. This wide variety of cellular targets confer natural products the potential to be used as chemotherapeutic drugs, and also the ability to act as sensitizers in drug combination treatments. The major hindrance for these molecules is low bioavailability. A problem that may be solved by chemical modification or nano-encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Kazantseva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Becerra
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Leonor Santos-Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Parthenolide and Its Soluble Analogues: Multitasking Compounds with Antitumor Properties. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020514. [PMID: 35203723 PMCID: PMC8962426 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its chemical properties and multiple molecular effects on different tumor cell types, the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide (PN) can be considered an effective drug with significant potential in cancer therapy. PN has been shown to induce either classic apoptosis or alternative caspase-independent forms of cell death in many tumor models. The therapeutical potential of PN has been increased by chemical design and synthesis of more soluble analogues including dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT). This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of both PN and analogues action in tumor models, highlighting their effects on gene expression, signal transduction and execution of different types of cell death. Recent findings indicate that these compounds not only inhibit prosurvival transcriptional factors such as NF-κB and STATs but can also determine the activation of specific death pathways, increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and modifications of Bcl-2 family members. An intriguing property of these compounds is its specific targeting of cancer stem cells. The unusual actions of PN and its analogues make these agents good candidates for molecular targeted cancer therapy.
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ROS as Regulators of Cellular Processes in Melanoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1208690. [PMID: 34725562 PMCID: PMC8557056 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1208690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we examine the multiple roles of ROS in the pathogenesis of melanoma, focusing on signal transduction and regulation of gene expression. In recent years, different studies have analyzed the dual role of ROS in regulating the redox system, with both negative and positive consequences on human health, depending on cell concentration of these agents. High ROS levels can result from an altered balance between oxidant generation and intracellular antioxidant activity and can produce harmful effects. In contrast, low amounts of ROS are considered beneficial, since they trigger signaling pathways involved in physiological activities and programmed cell death, with protective effects against melanoma. Here, we examine these beneficial roles, which could have interesting implications in melanoma treatment.
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Redox Imbalance and Mitochondrial Release of Apoptogenic Factors at the Forefront of the Antitumor Action of Mango Peel Extract. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144328. [PMID: 34299603 PMCID: PMC8303932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, an improved understanding of cancer cell response to cellular stress has become more necessary. Indeed, targeting the intracellular pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance triggering the tumor commitment to cell demise could represent an advantageous strategy to develop cancer-tailored therapies. In this scenario, the present study shows how the peel extract of mango-a tropical fruit rich in phytochemicals with nutraceutical properties-can affect the cell viability of three colon cancer cell lines (HT29, Caco-2 and HCT116), inducing an imbalance of cellular redox responses. By using hydro-alcoholic mango peel extract (MPE), we observed a consistent decline in thiol group content, which was accompanied by upregulation of MnSOD-a mitochondrial scavenger enzyme that modulates the cellular response against oxidative damage. Such an effect was the consequence of an early production of mitochondrial superoxide anions that appeared after just 30 min of exposure of colon cancer cells to MPE. The effect was accompanied by mitochondrial injury, consisting of the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and a decrease in the level of proteins localized in the mitochondrial membrane-such as voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC1), mitofilin, and some members of Bcl-2 family proteins (Mcl-1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL)-with the mitochondrial release of apoptogenic factors (cytochrome C and AIF). The analysis of the cytotoxic effects exerted by the different constituents of MPE (gallic acid, mangiferin, citric acid, quinic acid, pentagalloyl glucose, and methyl gallate) allowed us to identify those phytochemicals responsible for the observed anticancer effects, sustaining their future employment as chemopreventive or therapeutic agents.
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Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products, most of which are derived from plants. Amongst their numerous biological properties, their anti-tumor effects are of interest for they are extremely diverse which include anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been dedicated to understanding the 'terpenoid induced autophagy' phenomenon in cancer cells. Light has already been shed on the intricacy of apoptosis and autophagy relationship. This latter crosstalk is driven by the delicate balance between activating or silencing of certain proteins whereby the outcome is expressed via interrelated signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on nine of the most studied terpenoids and on their cell death and autophagic activity. These terpenoids are grouped in three classes: sesquiterpenoid (artemisinin, parthenolide), diterpenoids (oridonin, triptolide), and triterpenoids (alisol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, platycodin D, and ursolic acid). We have selected these nine terpenoids among others as they belong to the different major classes of terpenoids and our extensive search of the literature indicated that they were the most studied in terms of autophagy in cancer. These terpenoids alone demonstrate the complexity by which these secondary metabolites induce autophagy via complex signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, NF-kB, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, induction of autophagy can be either destructive or protective in tumor cells. Nevertheless, should this phenomenon be well understood, we ought to be able to exploit it to create novel therapies and design more effective regimens in the management and treatment of cancer.
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Daidone G, D'Anneo A, Raimondi MV, Raffa D, Hamel E, Plescia F, Lauricella M, Maggio B. New complex polycyclic compounds: Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and mechanism of action. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:103989. [PMID: 32563004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic or O-glycoconiugate polycyclic compounds 1a-g were previously tested for their in vitro antiproliferative activity. In this series of compounds, activity increases as log P decreases. Specifically, compounds 1d and 1g showed lower log P values together with the best antiproliferative profiles. With the aim of extending our understanding of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of this class of compounds, we prepared new polycyclic derivatives 2a-c, which bear on each of the two phenyl rings hydrophilic substituents (OH, SO2NH2 or NHCOCH3). These substituents are able to form hydrogen bonds and to decrease the partition coefficient value as compared with compound 1d. Compound 2a was slightly more active than 1d, while 2b and 2c had antiproliferative activity comparable to that of 1d. Finally, the role of the two phenyl groups of polycycle derivatives 1 was also investigated. The analog 3, which bears two methyls instead of the two phenyls had a lower log P value (2.94 ± 1.22) than all the other compounds, but it had negligible antiproliferative activity at 10 µM. The analysis of the most active derivative 2a revealed a significant antiproliferative activity against the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231. After a 24 h treatment, an autophagic process was activated, as demonstrated by an increase in monodansylcadaverine-positive cells as well as by the appearance of the autophagic markers Beclin and LC3II. Prolonging the treatment to 48 h, 2a caused cytotoxicity through the activation of caspase-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Daidone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies Section - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Valeria Raimondi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies Section - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Demetrio Raffa
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies Section - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Fabiana Plescia
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies Section - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), Institute of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Benedetta Maggio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies Section - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Saavedra E, Estévez-Sarmiento F, Said M, Eiroa JL, Rubio S, Quintana J, Estévez F. Cytotoxicity of the Sesquiterpene Lactone Spiciformin and Its Acetyl Derivative against the Human Leukemia Cell Lines U-937 and HL-60. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082782. [PMID: 32316340 PMCID: PMC7215469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiciformin (1) is a sesquiterpene lactone with a germacrane skeleton that is found in two Tanacetum species endemic to the Canary Islands. In this study, the cytotoxicities of 1 and its acetyl derivative (2) were evaluated against human tumor cells. These sesquiterpene lactones were cytotoxic against human acute myeloid leukemia (U-937 and HL-60) cells, even in cells over-expressing the pro-survival protein Bcl-2, but melanoma (SK-MEL-1) and human mononuclear cells isolated from blood of healthy donors were more resistant. Both compounds are apoptotic inducers in human leukemia U-937 cells. Cell death was mediated by the processing and activation of initiator and effector caspases and the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and it was blocked by a broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor and (in the case of sesquiterpene lactone 2) by the selective caspase-3/7, -8, and -9 inhibitors. In addition, certainly in the case of compound 2, this was found to be associated with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway, and generation of reactive oxygen species. It will, therefore, be relevant to continue characterization of this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - Mercedes Said
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - José Luis Eiroa
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Sara Rubio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (E.S.); (F.E.-S.); (M.S.); (S.R.); (J.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-928-451443
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15
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Freund RRA, Gobrecht P, Fischer D, Arndt HD. Advances in chemistry and bioactivity of parthenolide. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:541-565. [DOI: 10.1039/c9np00049f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
(−)-Parthenolide is a germacrane sesquiterpene lactone, available in ample amounts from the traditional medical plant feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R. A. Freund
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Philipp Gobrecht
- Lehrstuhl für Zellphysiologie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- D-44780 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Dietmar Fischer
- Lehrstuhl für Zellphysiologie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- D-44780 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Arndt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
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16
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Gu J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Shi M, Yin L, Hou Y, Zhou Y, Chu Wong CK, Chen D, Guo Z, Shi H. Inhibition of Autophagy Alleviates Cadmium-Induced Mouse Spleen and Human B Cells Apoptosis. Toxicol Sci 2019; 170:109-122. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that can accumulate and cause severe damage to many organs, such as liver, kidney, lung, etc. Cd also significantly suppresses immunity, however, the underlying mechanism involved in Cd-induced immunnotoxicity is still unclear. The present study indicated that semichronic Cd exposure (7 days) induced apoptotic damage of mouse spleen. In human Ramos B cells, Cd exposure also induced apoptosis, which was dependent on Cd-induced vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1) expression and autophagy. Cd-induced autophagy and apoptosis were abated when VMP1 expression was knockdown. In addition, Cd-induced VMP1 expression, autophagy, and apoptosis were dependent on the elevation of Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS). More important, Cd exposure also induced VMP1 expression and autophagy in mouse spleen tissue, and the intraperitoneal injection of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) into mice effectively reduced Cd-induced spleen apoptotic damage. Taken together, these results indicate Cd-induced autophagy, promotes apoptosis in immune cells, and inhibition of autophagy can alleviate Cd-induced spleen and immune cell apoptosis. This study might provide the groundwork for future studies on Cd-induced immunomodulatory effects and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University
| | - Yanwei Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University
| | - Yanmin Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University
| | - Meilin Shi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University
| | - Liangdong Yin
- Department of Osteology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | | | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University
| | | | - Dongfeng Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University
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Ethanol-Mediated Stress Promotes Autophagic Survival and Aggressiveness of Colon Cancer Cells via Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040505. [PMID: 30974805 PMCID: PMC6521343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic alcohol consumption is a lifestyle risk factor strongly associated with colorectal cancer development and progression. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of ethanol (EtOH) on survival and progression of three different colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, HT29, and Caco-2). Our data showed that EtOH induces oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as demonstrated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ER stress markers Grp78, ATF6, PERK and, CHOP increase. Moreover, EtOH triggers an autophagic response which is accompanied by the upregulation of beclin, LC3-II, ATG7, and p62 proteins. The addition of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine significantly prevents autophagy, suggesting that autophagy is triggered by oxidative stress as a prosurvival response. EtOH treatment also upregulates the antioxidant enzymes SOD, catalase, and heme oxygenase (HO-1) and promotes the nuclear translocation of both Nrf2 and HO-1. Interestingly, EtOH also upregulates the levels of matrix metalloproteases (MMP2 and MMP9) and VEGF. Nrf2 silencing or preventing HO-1 nuclear translocation by the protease inhibitor E64d abrogates the EtOH-induced increase in the antioxidant enzyme levels as well as the migration markers. Taken together, our results suggest that EtOH mediates both the activation of Nrf2 and HO-1 to sustain colon cancer cell survival, thus leading to the acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype.
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18
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Raffa D, D'Anneo A, Plescia F, Daidone G, Lauricella M, Maggio B. Novel 4-(3-phenylpropionamido), 4-(2-phenoxyacetamido) and 4-(cinnamamido) substituted benzamides bearing the pyrazole or indazole nucleus: synthesis, biological evaluation and mechanism of action. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:367-379. [PMID: 30408649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Based on some common structural features of known compounds interfering with p53 pathways and our previously synthesized benzamides, we synthesized new ethyl 5-(4-substituted benzamido)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylates 26a-c, ethyl 5-(4-substituted benzamido)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylates 27a-c and N-(1H-indazol-6-yl)-4-substituted benzamides 31a,b bearing in the 4 position of the benzamido moiety the 2-phenylpropanamido or 2-phenoxyacetamido or cinnamamido groups. A preliminary test to evaluate the antiproliferative activity against human lung carcinoma H292 cells highlighted how compound 26c showed the best activity. This last was therefore selected for further studies with the aim to find the mechanism of action. Compound 26c induces intrinsic apoptotic pathway by activating p53 and is also able to activate TRAIL-inducing death pathway by promoting increase of DR4 and DR5 death receptors, downregulation of c-FLIPL and caspase-8 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Raffa
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Laboratory of Biochemistry, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabiana Plescia
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Daidone
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- University of Palermo, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Benedetta Maggio
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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19
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Garmpis N, Damaskos C, Garmpi A, Kalampokas E, Kalampokas T, Spartalis E, Daskalopoulou A, Valsami S, Kontos M, Nonni A, Kontzoglou K, Perrea D, Nikiteas N, Dimitroulis D. Histone Deacetylases as New Therapeutic Targets in Triple-negative Breast Cancer: Progress and Promises. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 14:299-313. [PMID: 28870998 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 gene. It comprises approximately 15-20% of breast cancers (BCs). Unfortunately, TNBC's treatment continues to be a clinical problem because of its relatively poor prognosis, its aggressiveness and the lack of targeted therapies, leaving chemotherapy as the mainstay of treatment. It is essential to find new therapies against TNBC, in order to surpass the resistance and the invasiveness of already existing therapies. Given the fact that epigenetic processes control both the initiation and progression of TNBC, there is an increasing interest in the mechanisms, molecules and signaling pathways that participate at the epigenetic modulation of genes expressed in carcinogenesis. The acetylation of histone proteins provokes the transcription of genes involved in cell growth, and the expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is frequently up-regulated in many malignancies. Unfortunately, in the field of BC, HDAC inhibitors have shown limited effect as single agents. Nevertheless, their use in combination with kinase inhibitors, autophagy inhibitors, ionizing radiation, or two HDAC inhibitors together is currently being evaluated. HDAC inhibitors such as suberoylanilidehydroxamic acid (SAHA), sodium butyrate, mocetinostat, panobinostat, entinostat, YCW1 and N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide have shown promising therapeutic outcomes against TNBC, especially when they are used in combination with other anticancer agents. More studies concerning HDAC inhibitors in breast carcinomas along with a more accurate understanding of the TNBC's pathobiology are required for the possible identification of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.,N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- Internal Medicine Department, Laiko General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Theodoros Kalampokas
- Assisted Conception Unit, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Spartalis
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Afrodite Daskalopoulou
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Serena Valsami
- Blood Transfusion Department, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian Athens University, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Kontos
- First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Afroditi Nonni
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kontzoglou
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina Perrea
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nikiteas
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dimitroulis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Routes to cell death in animal and plant kingdoms: from classic apoptosis to alternative ways to die—a review. RENDICONTI LINCEI-SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-018-0704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Mitchell PT, Kishkentaeva АS, Shaimerdenova ZR, Atazhanova GA, Adekenov SM, Quinn MT. The natural sesquiterpene lactones arglabin, grosheimin, agracin, parthenolide, and estafiatin inhibit T cell receptor (TCR) activation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 146:36-46. [PMID: 29216473 PMCID: PMC5750123 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the T cell receptor (TCR) pathway represents an effective strategy for the treatment of T cell-mediated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. To identify natural compounds that could inhibit inflammatory T cell responses, we screened 13 sesquiterpene lactones, including achillin, arglabin, argolide, argracin, 3β-hydroxyarhalin, artesin, artemisinin, estafiatin, grosheimin, grossmisin, leucomisine, parthenolide, and taurine, for their ability to modulate activation-induced Ca2+ mobilization in Jurkat T cells. Five of the compounds (arglabin, grosheimin, argracin, parthenolide, and estafiatin) inhibited anti-CD3-induced mobilization of intercellular Ca2+ ([Ca2⁺]i) in Jurkat cells, with the most potent being parthenolide and argacin (IC50 = 5.6 and 6.1 μM, respectively). Likewise, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 in activated Jurkat cells was inhibited by these five compounds, with the most potent being parthenolide and estafiatin (IC50 = 13.8 and 15.4 μM, respectively). These compounds also inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in primary human T cells and depleted intracellular glutathione. In contrast, none of the sesquiterpene lactones inhibited ERK1/2 phosphorylation in HL60 cells transfected with N-formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) and stimulated with the FPR2 peptide agonist WKYMVM, indicating specificity for T cell activation. Estafiatin, a representative sesquiterpene lactone, was also profiled in a cell-based phosphokinase array for 43 kinase phosphorylation sites, as well as in a cell-free competition binding assay for its ability to compete with an active-site directed ligand for 95 different protein kinases. Besides inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, estafiatin also inhibited phosphorylation of p53, AMPKα1, CREB, and p27 elicited by TCR activation in Jurkat cells, but it did not bind to any of 95 kinases evaluated. These results suggest that arglabin, grosheimin, agracin, parthenolide, and estafiatin can selectively inhibit initial phases of TCR activation and may be natural compounds with previously undescribed immunotherapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Pete T Mitchell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Аnarkul S Kishkentaeva
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanar R Shaimerdenova
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Gayane A Atazhanova
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Sergazy M Adekenov
- International Research and Production Holding "Phytochemistry", Karaganda 100009, Kazakhstan
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.
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Suvarna V, Murahari M, Khan T, Chaubey P, Sangave P. Phytochemicals and PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer-An Insight. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:916. [PMID: 29311925 PMCID: PMC5736021 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In today's world of modern medicine and novel therapies, cancer still remains to be one of the prime contributor to the death of people worldwide. The modern therapies improve condition of cancer patients and are effective in early stages of cancer but the advanced metastasized stage of cancer remains untreatable. Also most of the cancer therapies are expensive and are associated with adverse side effects. Thus, considering the current status of cancer treatment there is scope to search for efficient therapies which are cost-effective and are associated with lesser and milder side effects. Phytochemicals have been utilized for many decades to prevent and cure various ailments and current evidences indicate use of phytochemicals as an effective treatment for cancer. Hyperactivation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling cascades is a common phenomenon in most types of cancers. Thus, natural substances targeting PI3K pathway can be of great therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer patients. This chapter summarizes the updated research on plant-derived substances targeting PI3K pathway and the current status of their preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Manikanta Murahari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Pramila Chaubey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Preeti Sangave
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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Montelukast Induces Apoptosis-Inducing Factor-Mediated Cell Death of Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071353. [PMID: 28672809 PMCID: PMC5535846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing novel chemo-prevention techniques and advancing treatment are key elements to beating lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Our previous cohort study showed that cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, mainly montelukast, decreased the lung cancer risk in asthma patients. In the current study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to demonstrate the inhibiting effect of montelukast on lung cancer and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Using Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice, we showed that feeding montelukast significantly delayed the tumor growth in mice (p < 0.0001). Montelukast inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation and induced the cell death of lung cancer cells. Further investigation showed the down-regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), up-regulation of Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak), and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in montelukast-treated lung cancer cells. Montelukast also markedly decreased the phosphorylation of several proteins, such as with no lysine 1 (WNK1), protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2), MAPK/Erk kinase (MEK), and proline-rich Akt substrate of 40-kDa (PRAS40), which might contribute to cell death. In conclusion, montelukast induced lung cancer cell death via the nuclear translocation of AIF. This study confirmed the chemo-preventive effect of montelukast shown in our previous cohort study. The utility of montelukast in cancer prevention and treatment thus deserves further studies.
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Anthranilamide-based 2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carboxamides, 1,1'-biphenyl-4-carboxamides and 1,1'-biphenyl-2-carboxamides: Synthesis biological evaluation and mechanism of action. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 132:262-273. [PMID: 28365319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several anthranilamide-based 2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carboxamides 13a-f, 1,1'-biphenyl-4-carboxamides 14a-f and 1,1'-biphenyl-2-carboxamides 17a-f were obtained by a multistep procedure starting from the (1S,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride 11, the 1,1'-biphenyl-4-carbonyl chloride 12 or the 1,1'-biphenyl-2-carbonyl chloride 16 with the appropriate anthranilamide derivative 10a-f. Derivatives 13a-f, 14a-f and 17a-f showed antiproliferative activity against human leukemia K562 cells. Among these derivatives 13b, 14b and 17b exerted a particular cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. Derivative 17b showed a better antitumoral effect on K562 cells than 13b and 14b. Analyses performed to explore 17b mode of action revealed that it induced an arrest in G2/M phase of cell cycle which was consequent to DNA lesions as demonstrated by the increase in phospho-ATM and γH2AX, two known markers of DNA repair response system. The effect of 17b was also related to ROS generation, activation of JNK and induction of caspase-3 dependent apoptosis.
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Liu W, Wang X, Sun J, Yang Y, Li W, Song J. Parthenolide suppresses pancreatic cell growth by autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:453-461. [PMID: 28176967 PMCID: PMC5271392 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s117250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy and is unresponsive to conventional chemotherapies. Parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from feverfew, has exhibited potent anticancer effects against various cancers. The purpose of this report was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of parthenolide in human pancreatic cancer Panc-1 and BxPC3 cells. The results demonstrated that parthenolide suppressed the growth and induced apoptosis of Panc-1 and BxPC3 pancreatic cancer cells with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging between 7 and 9 μM after 24 h of treatment. Significant autophagy was induced by parthenolide treatment in pancreatic cancer cells. Parthenolide treatment concentration-dependently increased the percentage of autophagic cells and significantly increased the expression levels of p62/SQSTM1, Beclin 1, and LC3II in Panc-1 cells. Punctate LC3II staining confirmed autophagy. Furthermore, inhibiting autophagy by chloroquine, 3-methyladenine, or LC3II siRNA significantly blocked parthenolide-induced apoptosis, suggesting that parthenolide induced apoptosis through autophagy in this study. In conclusion, these studies established that parthenolide inhibits pancreatic cell growth by autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Data of the present study suggest that parthenolide can serve as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinshuai Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luo Yang, China
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Seca AM, Silva AM, Pinto DC. Parthenolide and Parthenolide-Like Sesquiterpene Lactones as Multiple Targets Drugs. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63931-8.00009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Hartman ML, Talar B, Sztiller-Sikorska M, Nejc D, Czyz M. Parthenolide induces MITF-M downregulation and senescence in patient-derived MITF-M(high) melanoma cell populations. Oncotarget 2016; 7:9026-40. [PMID: 26824319 PMCID: PMC4891023 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of the M isoform of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF-M) has been attributed to regulation of differentiation, proliferation, survival and senescence of melanoma cells. MITF expression was shown to be antagonized by the activation of transcription factor NF-κB. Parthenolide, an inhibitor of NF-κB, has not been yet reported to affect MITF-M expression. Our results obtained in patient-derived melanoma cell populations indicate that parthenolide efficiently decreases the MITF-M level. This is neither dependent on p65/NF-κB signaling nor RAF/MEK/ERK pathway activity as inhibition of MEK by GSK1120212 (trametinib) and induction of ERK1/2 activity by parthenolide itself do not interfere with parthenolide-triggered depletion of MITF-M in both wild-type BRAF and BRAFV600E melanoma populations. Parthenolide activity is not prevented by inhibitors of caspases, proteasomal and lysosomal pathways. As parthenolide reduces MITF-M transcript level and HDAC1 protein level, parthenolide-activated depletion of MITF-M protein may be considered as a result of transcriptional regulation, however, the influence of parthenolide on other elements of a dynamic control over MITF-M cannot be ruled out. Parthenolide induces diverse effects in melanoma cells, from death to senescence. The mode of the response to parthenolide is bound to the molecular characteristics of melanoma cells, particularly to the basal MITF-M expression level but other cell-autonomous differences such as NF-κB activity and MCL-1 level might also contribute. Our data suggest that parthenolide can be developed as a drug used in combination therapy against melanoma when simultaneous inhibition of MITF-M, NF-κB and HDAC1 is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz L Hartman
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Talar
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Nejc
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Jeyamohan S, Moorthy RK, Kannan MK, Arockiam AJV. Parthenolide induces apoptosis and autophagy through the suppression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in cervical cancer. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 38:1251-60. [PMID: 27099069 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of parthenolide on apoptosis and autophagy and to study the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in cervical cancer. RESULTS Parthenolide inhibits HeLa cell viability in a dose dependent-manner and was confirmed by MTT assay. Parthenolide (6 µM) induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy by activation of caspase-3, upregulation of Bax, Beclin-1, ATG5, ATG3 and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and mTOR. Parthenolide also inhibits PI3K and Akt expression through activation of PTEN expression. Moreover, parthenolide induces generation of reactive oxygen species that leads to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. CONCLUSION Parthenolide induces apoptosis and autophagy-mediated growth inhibition in HeLa cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ROS generation. Parthenolide may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridharan Jeyamohan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - Rajesh Kannan Moorthy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Kannan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - Antony Joseph Velanganni Arockiam
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
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Raffa D, Maggio B, Plescia F, Cascioferro S, Raimondi MV, Cancemi G, D'Anneo A, Lauricella M, Cusimano MG, Bai R, Hamel E, Daidone G. Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and possible mechanism of action of novel 2-acetamidobenzamides bearing the 2-phenoxy functionality. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6305-16. [PMID: 26344588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several new 2-(2-phenoxyacetamido)benzamides 17a-v, 21 and 22 were synthesized by stirring in pyridine the acid chlorides 16a-e and the appropriate5-R-4-R₁-2-aminobenzamide 15a-e and initially evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative activity against the K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) cell line. Some of synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against the full NCI tumor cell line panel derived from nine clinically isolated cancer types (leukemia, non-small cell lung, colon, CNS, melanoma, ovarian, renal, prostate and breast). The most active compounds caused an arrest of K562 cells in the G0-G1 phase of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis, which was mediated by caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Raffa
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Benedetta Maggio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Plescia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Valeria Raimondi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cancemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cusimano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Giuseppe Daidone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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A Potent Inhibitor of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) and Mitogen Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Signalling, Quercetin (3, 3', 4', 5, 7-Pentahydroxyflavone) Promotes Cell Death in Ultraviolet (UV)-B-Irradiated B16F10 Melanoma Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131253. [PMID: 26148186 PMCID: PMC4493061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation–induced skin damage contributes strongly to the formation of melanoma, a highly lethal form of skin cancer. Quercetin (Qu), the most widely consumed dietary bioflavonoid and well known inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signalling, has been reported to be chemopreventive in several forms of non-melanoma skin cancers. Here, we report that the treatment of ultraviolet (UV)-B-irradiated B16F10 melanoma cells with quercetin resulted in a dose dependent reduction in cell viability and increased apoptosis. The present study has brought out that the pro-apoptotic effects of quercetin in UVB-irradiated B16F10 cells are mediated through the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, calcium homeostasis imbalance, modulation of anti-oxidant defence response and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM). Promotion of UVB-induced cell death by quercetin was further revealed by cleavage of chromosomal DNA, caspase activation, poly (ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and an increase in sub-G1 cells. Quercetin markedly attenuated MEK-ERK signalling, influenced PI3K/Akt pathway, and potentially enhanced the UVB-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation. Furthermore, combined UVB and quercetin treatment decreased the ratio of Bcl-2 to that of Bax, and upregulated the expression of Bim and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF). Overall, these results suggest the possibility of using quercetin in combination with UVB as a possible treatment option for melanoma in future.
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Carlisi D, Lauricella M, D'Anneo A, Buttitta G, Emanuele S, di Fiore R, Martinez R, Rolfo C, Vento R, Tesoriere G. The synergistic effect of SAHA and parthenolide in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1276-89. [PMID: 25370819 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The sesquiterpene lactone Parthenolide (PN) exerted a cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB231 cells, a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, but its effectiveness was scarce when employed at low doses. This represents an obstacle for a therapeutic utilization of PN. In order to overcome this difficulty we associated to PN the suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), an histone deacetylase inhibitor. Our results show that SAHA synergistically sensitized MDA-MB231 cells to the cytotoxic effect of PN. It is noteworthy that treatment with PN alone stimulated the survival pathway Akt/mTOR and the consequent nuclear translocation of Nrf2, while treatment with SAHA alone induced autophagic activity. However, when the cells were treated with SAHA/PN combination, SAHA suppressed PN effect on Akt/mTOR/Nrf2 pathway, while PN reduced the prosurvival autophagic activity of SAHA. In addition SAHA/PN combination induced GSH depletion, fall in Δψm, release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase 3 and apoptosis. Finally we demonstrated that combined treatment maintained both hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4 induced by SAHA and down-regulation of DNMT1 expression induced by PN. Inhibition of the DNA-binding activity of NF-kB, which is determined by PN, was also observed after combined treatment. In conclusion, combination of PN to SAHA inhibits the cytoprotective responses induced by the single compounds, but does not alter the mechanisms leading to the cytotoxic effects. Taken together our results suggest that this combination could be a candidate for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), Laboratory of Biochemistry, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Carlisi D, D'Anneo A, Martinez R, Emanuele S, Buttitta G, Di Fiore R, Vento R, Tesoriere G, Lauricella M. The oxygen radicals involved in the toxicity induced by parthenolide in MDA-MB-231 cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:167-72. [PMID: 24859613 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide lowers the viability of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, in correlation with oxidative stress. The present report examined the different radical species produced during parthenolide treatment and their possible role in the toxicity caused by the drug. Time course experiments showed that in the first phase of treatment (0-8 h), and in particular in the first 3 h, parthenolide induced dichlorofluorescein (DCF) signal in a large percentage of cells, while dihydroethidium (DHE) signal was not stimulated. Since the effect on DCF signal was suppressed by apocynin and diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), two inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (NOX), we suggest that parthenolide rapidly stimulated NOX activity with production of superoxide anion (O2•-), which was converted by superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the second phase of treatment (8-16 h), parthenolide increased the number of positive cells to DHE signal. Since this event was not prevented by apocynin and DPI and was associated with positivity of cells to MitoSox Red, a fluorochrome used to detect mitochondrial production of O2•-, we suggest that parthenolide induced production of O2•- at the mitochondrial level independently by NOX activity in the second phase of treatment. Finally, in this phase, most cells became positive to hydroxyphenyl fluorescein (HPF) signal, a fluorescent probe to detect highly reactive oxygen species (hROS), such as hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. Therefore, parthenolide between 8-16 h of treatment induced generation of O2•- and hROS, in close correlation with a marked reduction in cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carlisi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Martinez
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Buttitta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renza Vento
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tesoriere
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Huang X, Awano Y, Maeda E, Asada Y, Takemoto H, Watanabe T, Kojima-Yuasa A, Kobayashi Y. Cytotoxic activity of two natural sesquiterpene lactones, isobutyroylplenolin and arnicolide D, on human colon cancer cell line HT-29. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:914-6. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.889133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Parthenolide generates reactive oxygen species and autophagy in MDA-MB231 cells. A soluble parthenolide analogue inhibits tumour growth and metastasis in a xenograft model of breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e891. [PMID: 24176849 PMCID: PMC3920954 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are clinically aggressive forms associated with a poor prognosis. We evaluated the cytotoxic effect exerted on triple-negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells both by parthenolide and its soluble analogue dimethylamino parthenolide (DMAPT) and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. The drugs induced a dose- and time-dependent decrement in cell viability, which was not prevented by the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. In particular in the first hours of treatment (1–3 h), parthenolide and DMAPT strongly stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The drugs induced production of superoxide anion by activating NADPH oxidase. ROS generation caused depletion of thiol groups and glutathione, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and downregulation of nuclear factor kB (NF-kB). During this first phase, parthenolide and DMAPT also stimulated autophagic process, as suggested by the enhanced expression of beclin-1, the conversion of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-I (LC3-I) to LC3-II and the increase in the number of cells positive to monodansylcadaverine. Finally, the drugs increased RIP-1 expression. This effect was accompanied by a decrement of pro-caspase 8, while its cleaved form was not detected and the expression of c-FLIPS markedly increased. Prolonging the treatment (5–20 h) ROS generation favoured dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and the appearance of necrotic events, as suggested by the increased number of cells positive to propidium iodide staining. The administration of DMAPT in nude mice bearing xenografts of MDA-MB231 cells resulted in a significant inhibition of tumour growth, an increment of animal survival and a marked reduction of the lung area invaded by metastasis. Immunohistochemistry data revealed that treatment with DMAPT reduced the levels of NF-kB, metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and vascular endothelial growth factor, while induced upregulation of phosphorylated JNK. Taken together, our data suggest a possible use of parthenolide for the treatment of TNBCs.
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D’ANNEO A, CARLISI D, EMANUELE S, BUTTITTA G, DI FIORE R, VENTO R, TESORIERE G, LAURICELLA M. Parthenolide induces superoxide anion production by stimulating EGF receptor in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1895-900. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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ROS-dependent phosphorylation of Bax by wortmannin sensitizes melanoma cells for TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e839. [PMID: 24113173 PMCID: PMC3824654 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathways of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis induction, of Bax activation and the sensitization of tumor cells for TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand)-induced apoptosis are still largely elusive. Here, sensitization of melanoma cells for TRAIL by the PI3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin correlated to the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Apoptosis was dependent on Bax and abrogated by Bcl-2 overexpression. The synergistic enhancement was explained by Bax activation through wortmannin, which tightly correlated to the characteristic Bax phosphorylation patterns. Thus, wortmannin resulted in early reduction of the Bax-inactivating phosphorylation at serine-184, whereas the Bax-activating phosphorylation at threonine-167 was enhanced. Proving the responsibility of the pathway, comparable effects were obtained with an Akt inhibitor (MK-2206); while suppressed phosphorylation of serine-184 may be attributed to reduced Akt activity itself, the causes of enhanced threonine-167 phosphorylation were addressed here. Characteristically, production of ROS was seen early in response to wortmannin and MK-2206. Providing the link between ROS and Bax, we show that abrogated ROS production by α-tocopherol or by NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) siRNA suppressed apoptosis and Bax activation. This correlated with reduced Bax phosphorylation at threonine-167. The data unraveled a mechanism by which NOX4-dependent ROS production controls apoptosis via Bax phosphorylation. The pathway may be considered for proapoptotic, anticancer strategies.
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Sun Y, Zang Z, Zhong L, Wu M, Su Q, Gao X, Zan W, Lin D, Zhao Y, Zhang Z. Identification of adiponectin receptor agonist utilizing a fluorescence polarization based high throughput assay. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63354. [PMID: 23691032 PMCID: PMC3653934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, the adipose-derived hormone, plays an important role in the suppression of metabolic disorders that can result in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. It has been shown that up-regulation of adiponectin or adiponectin receptor has a number of therapeutic benefits. Given that it is hard to convert the full size adiponectin protein into a viable drug, adiponectin receptor agonists could be designed or identified using high-throughput screening. Here, we report on the development of a two-step screening process to identify adiponectin agonists. First step, we developed a high throughput screening assay based on fluorescence polarization to identify adiponectin ligands. The fluorescence polarization assay reported here could be adapted to screening against larger small molecular compound libraries. A natural product library containing 10,000 compounds was screened and 9 hits were selected for validation. These compounds have been taken for the second-step in vitro tests to confirm their agonistic activity. The most active adiponectin receptor 1 agonists are matairesinol, arctiin, (-)-arctigenin and gramine. The most active adiponectin receptor 2 agonists are parthenolide, taxifoliol, deoxyschizandrin, and syringin. These compounds may be useful drug candidates for hypoadiponectin related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Sun
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhihe Zang
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Min Wu
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qing Su
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiurong Gao
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wang Zan
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dong Lin
- Chengdu Lang-Guan Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhonglin Zhang
- Chengdu Medical College, Pharmacy School, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail:
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