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Gao HQ, Bu XM, Jiang W, Wan YZ, Song W. Compound Taxus exerts marked anti-tumor activity and radiosensitization effect on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27345. [PMID: 38495161 PMCID: PMC10940940 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Compound Taxus capsule, as an antineoplastic Chinese patent drug, has been increasingly applied as an adjunctive treatment for the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and some other malignancies, but research about its antitumor activity and radiosensitization effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells is very rare. Purpose To investigate the antitumor activity and radiosensitization effect of Compound Taxus on HCC cells and to preliminarily explore the possible molecule mechanisms involved. Methods Cell viability, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, DNA damage repair and protein expression levels were detected by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, western blotting analysis and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The migration and invasion activities and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation and angiogenesis were evaluated by tube formation and VM formation assay. Radiation survival curves were obtained from the colony formation assay in human HCC cell lines, Smmc7721 and Bel7402 cells, pretreated with or without Compound Taxus before receiving X-ray irradiation. A Bel7402 tumor-bearing mouse model was established and the radiosensitization effect of Compound Taxus in vivo was evaluated by analyzing tumor volume and tumor weight in different groups receiving different treatments. Results Compound Taxus decreased viability, induced G2/M arrest, promoted apoptosis, suppressed migration and invasion, and inhibited VM formation and angiogenesis in Smmc7721 and Bel7402 cells. Furthermore, Compound Taxus inhibited irradiation-induced DNA damage repair, enhanced the radiosensitivity of Smmc7721 and Bel7402 cells and improved the anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy of irradiation in Bel7402 tumor-bearing mice. Radiotherapy in combination with Compound Taxus showed the best tumor inhibition compared to that of Compound Taxus alone or irradiation alone. In addition, Compound Taxus significantly down-regulated NF-κB p65, p-NF-κB p65 and Bcl-2, and up-regulated Bax in vitro and in vivo, yet NF-κB p65 overexpression reversed the proapoptotic effect of Taxus on HCC cells, indicating that the NF-κB signaling pathway might be an important signal mediator in the Compound-Taxus-modulated biological responses. Conclusion Our findings suggest that Compound Taxus shows marked antitumor activity and significant radiosensitization effect on HCC cells, making it possible for Compound Taxus to become a promising auxiliary modality for HCC management and a potential radiosensitizer of HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-quan Gao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang-mao Bu
- Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan-zhen Wan
- Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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2
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Chen S, Wang C, Meng Y, Li P, Pan Y, He M, Ni X. Nanofabrications of Erythrocyte Membrane-Coated Telmisartan Delivery System Effective for Radiosensitivity of Tumor Cells in Mice Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1487-1508. [PMID: 38380147 PMCID: PMC10878400 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s441418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation stimulates the secretion of tumor stroma and induces resistance, recurrence, and metastasis of stromal-vascular tumors during radiotherapy. The proliferation and activation of tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are important reasons for the production of tumor stroma. Telmisartan (Tel) can inhibit the proliferation and activation of TAFs (resting TAFs), which may promote radiosensitization. However, Tel has a poor water solubility. Methods In this study, self-assembled telmisartan nanoparticles (Tel NPs) were prepared by aqueous solvent diffusion method to solve the insoluble problem of Tel and achieve high drug loading of Tel. Then, erythrocyte membrane (ECM) obtained by hypotonic lysis was coated on the surface of Tel NPs (ECM/Tel) for the achievement of in vivo long circulation and tumor targeting. Immunofluorescence staining, western blot and other biological techniques were used to investigate the effect of ECM/Tel on TAFs activation inhibition (resting effect) and mechanisms involved. The multicellular spheroids (MCSs) model and mouse breast cancer cells (4T1) were constructed to investigate the effect of ECM/Tel on reducing stroma secretion, alleviating hypoxia, and the corresponding promoting radiosensitization effect in vitro. A mouse orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer model was constructed to investigate the radiosensitizing effect of ECM/Tel on inhibiting breast cancer growth and lung metastasis of breast cancer. Results ECM/Tel showed good physiological stability and tumor-targeting ability. ECM/Tel could rest TAFs and reduce stroma secretion, alleviate hypoxia, and enhance penetration in tumor microenvironment. In addition, ECM/Tel arrested the cell cycle of 4T1 cells to the radiosensitive G2/M phase. In mouse orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer model, ECM/Tel played a superior role in radiosensitization and significantly inhibited lung metastasis of breast cancer. Conclusion ECM/Tel showed synergistical radiosensitization effect on both the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells, which is a promising radiosensitizer in the radiotherapy of stroma-vascular tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Medical Physics, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Meng
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Medical Physics, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengyin Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Medical Physics, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Medical Physics, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mu He
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Medical Physics, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinye Ni
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Medical Physics, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of China
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Nagelli S, Westermarck J. CIP2A coordinates phosphosignaling, mitosis, and the DNA damage response. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:52-64. [PMID: 37793965 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Human cancers share requirements for phosphorylation-dependent signaling, mitotic hyperactivity, and survival after DNA damage. The oncoprotein CIP2A (cancerous inhibitor of PP2A) can coordinate all these cancer cell characteristics. In addition to controlling cancer cell phosphoproteomes via inhibition of protein phosphatase PP2A, CIP2A directly interacts with the DNA damage protein TopBP1 (topoisomerase II-binding protein 1). Consequently, CIP2A allows DNA-damaged cells to enter mitosis and is essential for mitotic cells that are defective in homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair (e.g., BRCA mutants). The CIP2A-TopBP1 complex is also important for clustering fragmented chromosomes at mitosis. Clinically, CIP2A is a disease driver for basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (BL-TNBC) and a promising cancer therapy target across many cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikar Nagelli
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine and FICANWest Cancer Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine and FICANWest Cancer Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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4
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Zhang Y, Du J, Jin L, Pan L, Yan X, Lin S. Iberverin exhibits antineoplastic activities against human hepatocellular carcinoma via DNA damage-mediated cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-related apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1326346. [PMID: 38152688 PMCID: PMC10751328 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1326346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the malignant tumors with high incidence and mortality rates in the world. Isothiocyanates (ITCs), bioactive substances present primarily in the plant order Brassicales, have been proved to be promising candidates for novel anti-HCC drugs with chemopreventive and anticancer activities. Iberverin, a predominant ITC isolated from the seeds of oxheart cabbage, has been discovered with anticancer property in lung cancer cells. However, the roles of iberverin in HCC remain elusive. In the present study, the effect and potential mechanisms of iberverin against human HCC were dissected. We demonstrated that low concentrations of iberverin inhibited cell proliferation, suppressed migration and induced mitochondrial-related apoptosis in vitro, and hampered tumorigenicity in vivo, with no obvious toxicity. Furthermore, we found that iberverin treatment induced DNA damage and G2/M phase arrest. Iberverin treatment also caused increased intracellular reactive oxygen species formation and glutathione depletion. Taken together, these results suggest that iberverin promotes mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and induces DNA damage and G2/M cell cycle arrest in HCC by enhancing oxidative stress. Our findings provide better understanding of the anti-HCC mechanisms of ITCs and the potential for the natural product iberverin as a promising new anti-HCC biotherapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiao Du
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liying Pan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiufeng Yan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sue Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Schwarz LV, Sandri FK, Scariot F, Delamare APL, Valera MJ, Carrau F, Echeverrigaray S. High nitrogen concentration causes G2/M arrest in Hanseniaspora vineae. Yeast 2023; 40:640-650. [PMID: 37997429 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeasts have been widely used as a model to better understand cell cycle mechanisms and how nutritional and genetic factors can impact cell cycle progression. While nitrogen scarcity is well known to modulate cell cycle progression, the relevance of nitrogen excess for microorganisms has been overlooked. In our previous work, we observed an absence of proper entry into the quiescent state in Hanseniaspora vineae and identified a potential link between this behavior and nitrogen availability. Furthermore, the Hanseniaspora genus has gained attention due to a significant loss of genes associated with DNA repair and cell cycle. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the effects of varying nitrogen concentrations on H. vineae's cell cycle progression. Our findings demonstrated that nitrogen excess, regardless of the source, disrupts cell cycle progression and induces G2/M arrest in H. vineae after reaching the stationary phase. Additionally, we observed a viability decline in H. vineae cells in an ammonium-dependent manner, accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial hyperpolarization, intracellular acidification, and DNA fragmentation. Overall, our study highlights the events of the cell cycle arrest in H. vineae induced by nitrogen excess and attempts to elucidate the possible mechanism triggering this absence of proper entry into the quiescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Vivian Schwarz
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Knaach Sandri
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Scariot
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Jose Valera
- Enology and Fermentation Biotechnology Area, Departamento Ciencia y Tecnología Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francisco Carrau
- Enology and Fermentation Biotechnology Area, Departamento Ciencia y Tecnología Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sergio Echeverrigaray
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Giri P, Batra PJ, Kumari A, Hura N, Adhikary R, Acharya A, Guchhait SK, Panda D. Development of QTMP: A promising anticancer agent through NP-Privileged Motif-Driven structural modulation. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 95:117489. [PMID: 37816266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study of creating new molecules from clinical trial agents, an approach of Combretastatin structural modulation with the installation of NP-privileged motifs was considered, and a series of trimethoxyphenyl-2-aminoimidazole with functionalized quinolines and isoquinolines was investigated. An exciting method of quinoline C3-H iodination coupled with imidazopyridine-C3-H arylation and hydrazine-mediated fused-ring cleavage enabled synthesizing a class of compounds with two specific unsymmetric aryl substitutions. Interestingly, three compounds (6, 11, and 13) strongly inhibited HeLa cell proliferation with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (10-46 nM). Among the compounds, compound 6 (QTMP) showed stronger antiproliferative ability than CA-4 (a clinical trial agent) in various cancer cell lines, including cervical, lung, breast, highly metastatic breast, and melanoma cells. QTMP inhibited the assembly of purified tubulin, depolymerized microtubules of A549 lung carcinoma cells, produced defective spindles, and arrested the cells in the G2/M phase. Further, QTMP binds to the colchicine site in tubulin with a dissociation constant of 5.0 ± 0.6 µM. QTMP displayed higher aqueous stability than CA-4 at 37 °C. Further, in silico analysis of QTMP indicated excellent drug-like properties, including good aqueous solubility, balanced hydrophilicity-lipophilicity, and high GI-absorption ability. The results together suggest that QTMP has anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Giri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Pooja J Batra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Anuradha Kumari
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Neha Hura
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Rishav Adhikary
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Ayan Acharya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sankar Kumar Guchhait
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India.
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
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7
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Rampogu S, Badvel P, Hoon Jo B, Kim Y, Kim SW, Lee KW. A review on Millepachine and its derivatives as potential multitarget anticancer agents. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 681:249-270. [PMID: 37793311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones have a long history of being used for many medical purposes. These are the most prestigious scaffolds in medicine. The potential of Millepachine and its derivatives to treat various malignancies has been demonstrated in this review. The anticancer effects of Millepachine and its derivatives on ovarian cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast, liver, colon, cervical, prostate, stomach, and gliomas are highlighted in the current review. Several genes that are crucial in reducing the severity of the disease have been altered by these substances. They mainly work by preventing tubulin polymerizing. They also exhibit apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Additionally, these compounds inhibit invasion and migration and have antiproliferative effects. Preclinical studies have shown that Millepachine and its derivatives offer exceptional potential for treating a number of cancers. These results need to be confirmed in clinical research in order to develop viable cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailima Rampogu
- Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Division of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
| | | | - Byung Hoon Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; ABC-RLRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Division of Life Science and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseong Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Kyungnam University, Changwon, 51767, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Won Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), ABC-RLRC, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Division of Life Sciences, Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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Zeng F, Lu H, Wu M, Dai C, Li J, Wang J, Hu G. Topical application of TOPK inhibitor OTS514 suppresses psoriatic progression by inducing keratinocytes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1823-1833. [PMID: 37578092 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
T-LAK cell-oriented protein kinase (TOPK) potently promotes malignant proliferation of tumour cells and is considered as a maker of tumour progression. Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes. However, the role of TOPK in psoriasis has not been well elucidated. This study aims to investigate the expression and role of TOPK in psoriasis, and the role of TOPK inhibitor in psoriasis attenuation. Gene Expression Omnibus datasets derived from psoriasis patients and psoriatic model mice were screened for analysis. Skin specimens from psoriasis patients were collected for TOPK immunohistochemical staining to investigate the expression and localization of TOPK. Next, psoriatic mice model was established to further confirm TOPK expression pattern. Then, TOPK inhibitor was applied to investigate the role of TOPK in psoriasis progression. Finally, cell proliferation assay, apoptosis assay and cell cycle analysis were performed to investigate the potential mechanism involved. Our study showed that TOPK was upregulated in the lesions of both psoriasis patients and psoriatic model mice, and TOPK levels were positively associated with psoriasis progression. TOPK was upregulated in psoriatic lesions and expressed predominantly by epidermal keratinocytes. In addition, TOPK levels in epidermal keratinocytes were positively correlated with epidermal hyperplasia. Furthermore, topical application of TOPK inhibitor OTS514 obviously alleviated disease severity and epidermal hyperplasia. Mechanismly, inhibiting TOPK induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of keratinocytes, thereby attenuating epidermal hyperplasia and disease progression. Collectively, this study identifies that upregulation of TOPK in keratinocytes promotes psoriatic progression, and inhibiting TOPK attenuates epidermal hyperplasia and psoriatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengjun Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chan Dai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianyu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinbiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoyun Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chen JS, Chiu SC, Huang SY, Chang SF, Liao KF. Isolinderalactone Induces Apoptosis, Autophagy, Cell Cycle Arrest and MAPK Activation through ROS-Mediated Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14246. [PMID: 37762548 PMCID: PMC10532319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Isolinderalactone (ILL), a sesquiterpene isolated from the root extract of Lindera aggregata, has been reported to exhibit anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic activities in various cancer cell lines. However, the mechanisms associated with its antitumor effects on CRC cells remain unclear. ILL treatment significantly suppressed proliferation and induced cell cycle G2/M arrest in CRC cells by inhibiting the expression of cyclin B, p-cdc2, and p-cdc25c and up-regulating the expression of p21. In addition, ILL induced mitochondria-associated apoptosis through the up-regulation of cleaved -caspase-9 and -3 expression. ILL induced autophagy by increasing the levels of LC3B in CRC cells, which was partially rescued by treatment with an autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine). Furthermore, ILL increases the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activates the MAPK pathway. Application of the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), effectively inhibited ILL toxicity and reversed ILL-induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and ERK activation. Taken together, these results suggest that ILL induces G2/M phase arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy and activates the MAPK pathway via ROS-mediated signaling in human CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jith-Shyan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Chun Chiu
- Department of Research, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (S.-F.C.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
- General Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 973302, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Ying Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan;
| | - Shu-Fang Chang
- Department of Research, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (S.-F.C.)
| | - Kuan-Fu Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
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Nagy V, Mounir R, Szebeni GJ, Szakonyi Z, Gémes N, Minorics R, Germán P, Zupkó I. Investigation of Anticancer Properties of Monoterpene-Aminopyrimidine Hybrids on A2780 Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10581. [PMID: 37445759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to characterize the antiproliferative and antimetastatic properties of two recently synthesized monoterpene-aminopyrimidine hybrids (1 and 2) on A2780 ovary cancer cells. Both agents exerted a more pronounced cell growth inhibitory action than the reference agent cisplatin, as determined by the MTT assay. Tumor selectivity was assessed using non-cancerous fibroblast cells. Hybrids 1 and 2 induced changes in cell morphology and membrane integrity in A2780 cells, as evidenced by Hoechst 33258-propidium iodide fluorescent staining. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry revealed substantial changes in the distribution of A2780 ovarian cancer cells, with an increased rate in the subG1 and G2/M phases, at the expense of the G1 cell population. Moreover, the tested molecules accelerated tubulin polymerization in a cell-free in vitro system. The antimetastatic properties of both tested compounds were investigated by wound healing and Boyden chamber assays after 24 and 48 h of incubation. Treatment with 1 and 2 resulted in time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of migration and invasion of A2780 cancer cells. These results support that the tested agents may be worth of further investigation as promising anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Nagy
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Raji Mounir
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor J Szebeni
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Eötvös Loránd Research Network Biological Research Centre, Institute of Genetics, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szakonyi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Gémes
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Eötvös Loránd Research Network Biological Research Centre, Institute of Genetics, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Minorics
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Germán
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Zupkó
- Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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11
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Wu R, Xi Z, Liu M, Ren H, Dai R, Jiang X, Nik Nabil WN, Wang Y, Feng J, Chai Q, Dong Q, Xu H. Pulsatilla Decoction and its bioactive component β-peltatin induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. Chin Med 2023; 18:61. [PMID: 37246229 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PAC), a malignancy that is fatal and commonly diagnosed at a late stage. Despite considerable advancements in cancer treatment, the survival rate of PAC remains largely consistent for the past 60 years. The traditional Chinese medicine formula Pulsatilla Decoction (PD) has been clinically used to treat inflammatory diseases for millennia and recently as a supplementary anti-cancer treatment in China. However, the bioactive ingredients and mechanisms underlying its anti-cancer effect remains unclear. METHODS The composition and quality control of PD were verified through analysis by high performance liquid chromatography. Cell viability was determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The cell cycle distribution was analyzed through PI staining and flow cytometry analysis, while apoptotic cells were measured by double staining with Annexin V-FITC and PI. We used immunoblotting to examine protein expressions. The in vivo effects of β-peltatin and podophyllotoxin were evaluated on a subcutaneously-xenografted BxPC-3 cell nude mice model. RESULTS The current study demonstrated that PD markedly inhibited PAC cell proliferation and triggered their apoptosis. Four herbal PD formula was then disassembled into 15 combinations of herbal ingredients and a cytotoxicity assay showed that the Pulsatillae chinensis exerted the predominant anti-PAC effect. Further investigation indicated that β-peltatin was potently cytotoxic with IC50 of ~ 2 nM. β-peltatin initially arrested PAC cells at G2/M phase, followed by apoptosis induction. Animal study confirmed that β-peltatin significantly suppressed the growth of subcutaneously-implanted BxPC-3 cell xenografts. Importantly, compared to podophyllotoxin that is the parental isomer of β-peltatin but clinically obsoleted due to its severe toxicity, β-peltatin exhibited stronger anti-PAC effect and lower toxicity in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that Pulsatillae chinensis and particularly its bioactive ingredient β-peltatin suppress PAC by triggering cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhichao Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengfan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hangui Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rongchen Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wan Najbah Nik Nabil
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Pharmaceutical Services Program, Ministry of Health, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 46200, Malaysia
| | - Yalin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiling Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qiong Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qihan Dong
- Chinese Medicine Anti-Cancer Evaluation Program, Greg Brown Laboratory, Central Clinical School and Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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12
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Shi Y, Tao M, Chen H, Ma X, Wang Y, Hu Y, Zhou X, Li J, Cui B, Qiu A, Zhuang S, Liu N. Ubiquitin-specific protease 11 promotes partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by deubiquitinating the epidermal growth factor receptor during kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2023; 103:544-564. [PMID: 36581018 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 11 (USP11) is believed to be related to tumor progression. However, few studies have reported the biological function and clinical importance of USP11 in kidney fibrosis. Here, we demonstrated USP11 was highly upregulated in the kidneys from patients with chronic kidney disease and correlated positively with fibrotic lesion but negatively with kidney function. Conditional USP11 deletion or pharmacologic inhibition with Mitoxantrone attenuated pathological lesions and improved kidney function in both hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN)- and folic acid (FA)-induced mouse models of kidney fibrosis. Mechanistically, by RNA sequencing, USP11 was found to be involved in nuclear gene transcription of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). USP11 co-immunoprecipitated and co-stained with extra-nuclear EGFR and deubiquitinated and protected EGFR from proteasome-dependent degradation. Genetic or pharmacological depletion of USP11 facilitated EGFR degradation and abated augmentation of TGF-β1 and downstream signaling. This consequently alleviated the partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition, G2/M arrest and aberrant secretome of profibrogenic and proinflammatory factors in uric acid-stimulated tubular epithelial cells. Moreover, USP11 deletion had anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory kidney effects in the murine HN and FA models. Thus, our study provides evidence supporting USP11 as a promising target for minimizing kidney fibrosis and that inhibition of USP11 has potential to be an effective strategy for patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinqing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Andong Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Jurášek M, Řehulka J, Hrubá L, Ivanová A, Gurská S, Mokshyna O, Trousil P, Huml L, Polishchuk P, Hajdúch M, Drašar PB, Džubák P. Triazole-based estradiol dimers prepared via CuAAC from 17α-ethinyl estradiol with five-atom linkers causing G2/M arrest and tubulin inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106334. [PMID: 36592487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule dynamic is exceptionally sensitive to modulation by small-molecule ligands. Our previous work presented the preparation of microtubule-targeting estradiol dimer (ED) with anticancer activity. In the present study, we explore the effect of selected linkers on the biological activity of the dimer. The linkers were designed as five-atom chains with carbon, nitrogen or oxygen in their centre. In addition, the central nitrogen was modified by a benzyl group with hydroxy or methoxy substituents and one derivative possessed an extended linker length. Thirteen new dimers were subjected to cytotoxicity assay and cell cycle profiling. Dimers containing linker with benzyl moiety substituted with one or more methoxy groups and longer branched ones were found inactive, whereas other structures had comparable efficacy as the original ED (e.g. D1 with IC50 = 1.53 µM). Cell cycle analysis and immunofluorescence proved the interference of dimers with microtubule assembly and mitosis. The proposed in silico model and calculated binding free energy by the MM-PBSA method were closely correlated with in vitro tubulin assembly assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Jurášek
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Řehulka
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Hrubá
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksandra Ivanová
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Soňa Gurská
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Olena Mokshyna
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Trousil
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Huml
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Polishchuk
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajdúch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel B Drašar
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Džubák
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Hněvotínská 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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14
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Song Y, Cheng Y, Lan T, Bai Z, Liu Y, Bi Z, Alu A, Cheng D, Wei Y, Wei X. ERK inhibitor: A candidate enhancing therapeutic effects of conventional chemo-radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2023; 554:216012. [PMID: 36470544 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), standard therapeutic methods (cisplatin and radiotherapy) have been found to be ineffective and severely toxic. Targeted therapy emerges as a promising solution for this dilemma. It has been reported that targeted therapies are applied alone or in combination with standard conventional therapies for the treatment of a variety of cancers. To the best of our knowledge, in patients with ESCC, the combinational methods containing standard therapy and ERK-targeted therapy have yet to be explored. To analyze the prognostic role of p-ERK in ESCC patients, the Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model were used. To assess the effects of ERK-targeted therapy (GDC0994) on ESCC cells, in vitro studies including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, and scratch wound healing assay were conducted. In addition, the changes in cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Besides, to assess the efficacy of different therapies in vivo, the xenograft tumor models were established by subcutaneously inoculating tumor cells into the flank/leg of mice. In patients with ESCC, a strong correlation between the high expression level of p-ERK and the poor prognosis (p < 0.01, Log-Rank test) has been identified. By analyzing the results from CCK-8 and scratch wound healing assays, we demonstrated that the ERK inhibitor repressed the viability and migration of ESCC cells. In addition, following the treatment of GDC0994, the volumes of xenograft tumors significantly decreased (p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA). Furthermore, blocking the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of both cisplatin and radiotherapy (p < 0.05). These findings imply the role of p-ERK in the prognosis of ESCC patients and the therapeutic value of ERK inhibitors in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Song
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianxia Lan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyi Bai
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenfei Bi
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Aqu Alu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Diou Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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15
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Bawadud RS, Alkhatib MH. Growth and invasion inhibition of T47D ductal carcinoma cells by the association of docetaxel with a bioactive agent in neutral nanosuspension. Bioimpacts 2023; 13:145-157. [PMID: 37193079 PMCID: PMC10182446 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.23515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The approach for drug delivery has impressively developed with the emergence of nanosuspension, particularly the targeted nanoemulsions (NEs). It can potentially improve the bioavailability of drugs, enhancing their therapeutic efficiency. This study aims to examine the potential role of NE as a delivery system for the combination of docetaxel (DTX), a microtubule-targeting agent, and thymoquinone (TQ) in the treatment of human ductal carcinoma cells T47D. Methods: NEs were synthesized by ultra-sonication and characterized physically by dynamic light scattering (DLS). A sulforhodamine B assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxicity, and a flow cytometry analysis for cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, and cancer stem cell evaluations. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction further assessed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene expirations of SNAIL-1, ZEB-1, and TWIST-1. Results: The optimal sizes of blank-NEs and NE-DTX+TQ were found at 117.3 ± 8 nm and 373 ± 6.8 nm, respectively. The synergistic effect of the NE-DTX+TQ formulation significantly inhibited the in vitro proliferation of T47D cells. It caused a significant increase in apoptosis, accompanied by the stimulation of autophagy. Moreover, this formulation arrested T47D cells at the G2/M phase, promoted the reduction of the breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) population, and repressed the expression of TWIST-1 and ZEB-1. Conclusion: Co-delivery of NE-DTX+TQ may probably inhibit the proliferation of T47D via the induction of apoptosis and autophagy pathways and impede the migration by reducing the BCSC population and downregulating TWIST-1 expression to decrease the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of breast cancer cells. Therefore, the study suggests the NE-DTX+TQ formula as a potential approach to inhibit breast cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghdah S. Bawadud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayson H. Alkhatib
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Corresponding author: Mayson H. Alkhatib,
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16
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Ren K, Zhou M, Li L, Wang C, Yuan S, Li H. C118P exerted potent anti-tumor effects against melanoma with induction of G2/M arrest via inhibiting the expression of BUB1B. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 108:58-67. [PMID: 36424293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of melanoma rapidly increased in the past decades, and the clinical treatment of melanoma met huge challenges because of tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance. C118P, a novel tubulin polymerization inhibitor, exhibited strong anticancer effects in many tumors. However, there was no data regarding the potential effects of C118P in melanoma cells. OBJECTIVE To investigate of the efficacy and potential target of C118P in melanoma cells. METHODS Human melanoma cells were treated with C118P, followed by assessments of proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Subsequently, RNA sequencing was performed to further identify the drug targets of C118P in melanoma cells. GO analysis and protein-protein interaction networks analysis were used to screen the potential targets, and verified by a series of assays. Finally, the anti-growth activity of C118P was evaluated in A375-xenografted nude mice, and the expression of BUB1B (BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B), Ki67 and Tunel were determined. RESULTS We found that C118P concentration-dependently inhibited proliferation of melanoma cells. Moreover, C118P simultaneously triggered dramatic G2/M arrest and apoptosis via independent mechanisms in melanoma cells in vitro. C118P exerted anti-melanoma effects by inducing potent G2/M arrest, which was mechanistically related to downregulation of the expression of BUB1B. Importantly, C118P inhibited the tumor growth in A375-xenografted nude, and increased the staining of Ki-67 and Tunel and suppressed the expression of BUB1B in melanoma tissues, which was consistent with in vitro study. CONCLUSION C118P might provide a novel strategy for the clinical treatment of melanoma by inhibition of BUB1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ren
- Pharmacal Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Pharmacal Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Pharmacal Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast Universtiy, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shengtao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hongyang Li
- Pharmacal Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
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Ong HTM, Kim TH, Ates E, Pyun JC, Kang MJ. Overexpression of CYP11A1 recovers cell cycle distribution in renal cell carcinoma Caki-1. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:299. [PMID: 36182900 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal carcinoma is commonly known for its metastasis propensity to outspread to other organs and is asymptomatic in the early stage. Recent studies have shown that deficiencies in CYP11A1 expression can lead to fatal adrenal failure if left untreated and are associated with downstream regulation in various cancer types. However, the molecular mechanisms of CYP11A1 and kidney cancer proliferation remain unclear. METHODS Normal and renal carcinoma cell lines (HEK293 and Caki-1) were transfected with plasmid encoding CYP11A1 to overexpress the P450scc protein. Cell cycle distribution was investigated using flow cytometry. The expression of proteins related to C-Raf/ERK/JNK/p38 signaling pathways was examined using western blot. RESULTS We observed that CYP11A1 overexpression suppressed the cyclin B1 and cell-division cycle 2 expression while cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 4 were unaffected. Cancer cell migration and invasion were suppressed along with epithelial-intermediate metastatic markers Snail and Vimentin. In addition, in CYP11A1-overexpressing Caki-1 cells, cdc2/cyclinB1 was downregulated while the phosphorylation of cdc25c, a G2/M arrest-related upstream signal, was increased. The intrinsic-mitochondrial apoptosis markers were not significantly altered. We also identified that the C-Raf/ERK/JNK/p38 pathway is an important pro-apoptotic mechanism in CYP11A1-overexpressing cell-based models. Our results suggest that CYP11A1 overexpression recovered the disturbed cell cycle arrest distribution in renal carcinoma cell line Caki-1 through G2/M arrest and C-Raf/ERK/JNK pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may suggest promising new therapeutic targets to suppress kidney cancer proliferation without affecting normal cells, eventually improving the survival of patients with cancer.
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Li W, Lin J, Huang J, Chen Z, Sheng Q, Yang F, Yang X, Cui X. MicroRNA-409-5p inhibits cell proliferation, and induces G 2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by targeting DLGAP5 in ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:261. [PMID: 35765271 PMCID: PMC9219020 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA/miR)-409-5p has been reported to be implicated in prostate and breast cancers; however, its functional role in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of miR-409-5p in OC. Here, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed to detect miR-409-5p expression in OC tissues and cell lines. The association between miR-409-5p expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with OC was assessed using the Fisher's exact test. Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to assess cell proliferation. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated via flow cytometric analysis, and the target gene of miR-409-5p was validated via the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The results demonstrated that miR-409-5p expression was significantly downregulated in OC tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues and epithelial cells, respectively. In addition, low miR-409-5p expression was significantly associated with tumor size (P=0.044) and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system (P=0.005). Notably, overexpression of miR-409-5p suppressed cell proliferation, and induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis of OC cells. Mechanistically, discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5) was identified as a novel target of miR-409-5p, which was negatively regulated by miR-409-5p. DLGAP5 expression was significantly upregulated in OC tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues and epithelial cells, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of DLGAP5 reversed the effects of miR-409-5p on SKOV-3 cell proliferation, and G2/M phase and apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest that miR-409-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in OC by modulating DLGAP5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Ji Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Jianfen Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoying Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuan, Fujian 355000, P.R. China
| | - Qunying Sheng
- Department of Gynecology, Xiamen Fifth Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Xiamen Fifth Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Xiamen Fifth Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
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Li S, Wang Y, Dun W, Han W, Zhang X, Guo N, Wang M. Phosphoproteomic analysis of FAC overload-triggered human hepatic cells reveals G2/M phase arrest. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 619:62-7. [PMID: 35738066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic iron overload is a universal phenomenon in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who undergo bone marrow transplantation and may experience the toxicity of peri- and post-bone marrow transplantation. To clarify the mechanisms of iron overload-triggered liver injury, we determined the effects of iron overload on changes in protein phosphorylation in human hepatocyte cell line HH4 in vitro by using a phosphoproteomics approach. The hepatocytes were exposed to high concentrations of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) to build up an iron overload model in vitro. Changes in protein phosphorylation initiated by iron overloading were studied by 2D-LC/MS. We identified 335 differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins under the condition of excess hepatocyte iron, 11% of which were related to cell cycle progression. The results of phosphoproteomics showed that iron overload induced 10.9 times increase in Thr 14/Tyr 15-phosphorylated Cdk1 in HH4 cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that FAC-treated HH4 cells showed significant G2/M phase arrest. Our subsequent RT-PCR and Western blot experiments indicated that FAC-induced G2/M phase arrest was related to the activation of p53-p21-Cdk1, p53-14-3-3 sigma-Cdk1, and 14-3-3 gamma pathway. Our findings demonstrate the first evidence that iron overload causes G2/M arrest in HH4 hepatocytes.
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20
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Chimplee S, Smythe C, Tipmanee V, Sukrong S, Kanokwiroon K. Anticancer mechanism of 7-α-hydroxyfrullanolide on microtubules and computational prediction of its target binding in triple-negative breast cancer cells. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13508. [PMID: 35651747 PMCID: PMC9150694 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) responds poorly to the available drugs; thus, the mortality rate associated with TNBC remains high. 7-α-Hydroxyfrullanolide (7HF) possesses anticancer properties and arrests cells in the G2/M-phase via modulation of several proteins involved in the G2/M-phase transition, as well as the mitotic checkpoint in MDA-MB-468 (TNBC) cells. Microtubules (MTs) dynamically regulate cell division in the G2/M phase and are related to cancer cell stress response. However, antimitotic drug cytotoxicity to multiple cancer resistance developed in response to drugs are obstacles faced to date. Here, the activity and mechanism via which 7HF controls MTs dynamics was investigated in MDA-MB-468 cells. Methods 7HF uptake by MDA-MB-468 cells was assessed using spectrophotometry. The drug-like properties of 7HF were predicted using the Swiss-absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) webtool. Then, the effect of 7HF treatment (6, 12, and 24 µM) on the dynamic arrangement of MTs was assessed for 1, 12, and 24 h using indirect immunofluorescence. Polymerization of α- and β-tubulin was assessed using different 7HF concentrations in a cell-free system for 1 h. Cell proliferation assay with bromodeoxyuridine plus propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry was performed at different 7HF concentrations and time points. The mechanism of action was assessed by detecting the expression of proteins, including Bub3, cyclin B1, p-Cdk1 (Tyr15), Rb, p-Rb (Ser780), Chk1, p-Chk1 (Ser345), Chk2, p-Chk2 (Ser516), and p-H2AX (Ser139), using western blotting. Molecular docking was used to predict the molecular interactions between 7HF and tubulins in MTs. Results We observed that 7HF was able to enter the MDA-MB-468 cells. The ADME webtool analysis predicted that it possesses the high passive permeation and gastrointestinal absorption properties of drugs. Various concentrations of 7HF disrupted the dynamic arrangement of spindle MTs by causing radial spindle array shrinkage and expansion of fibrous spindle density and radial array lengths in a time-dependent manner. 7HF reduced polymerization of α-, β-tubulin in dose-dependent manner. 7HF also triggered DNA damage response by inducing G2/M and G1 phase arrests in a concentration and time-dependent manner, which occurred due to the upregulation of Bub3, Chk1, p-Chk1 (Ser345), p-Cdk1 (Tyr15), and cyclin B1. According to molecular docking analysis, 7HF preferred to bind to β-tubulin over α-tubulin. The lactone, ketone, and hydroxyl groups of 7HF supported the 7HF-tubulin interactions. Hydrogen bonding with a hydrocarbon ring and salt bridge attractive forces were responsible for the binding versatility of 7HF. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate the molecular mechanism, MTs interacting sites, and the internalization and drug-like properties of 7HF in TNBC cells. The findings will be useful for developing 7HF-based treatment for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriphorn Chimplee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Carl Smythe
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Varomyalin Tipmanee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanyanatt Kanokwiroon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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21
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Chang X, Liu Z, Cao S, Bian J, Zheng D, Wang N, Guan Q, Wu Y, Zhang W, Li Z, Zuo D. Novel microtubule inhibitor SQ overcomes multidrug resistance in MCF-7/ADR cells by inhibiting BCRP function and mediating apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 436:115883. [PMID: 35031325 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the impediments in the clinical treatment of breast cancer, and MDR breast cancer has abnormally high breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) expression. However, there are currently no clinical drugs that inhibit this target. Our previous study found that 2-Methoxy-5((3,4,5-trimethosyphenyl)seleninyl) phenol (SQ0814061/SQ), a small molecule drug with low toxicity to normal tissues, could target microtubules, inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer, and reduce its migration and invasion abilities. However, the effect and the underlying mechanism of SQ on MDR breast cancers are still unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of SQ on adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/ADR) cells and explored the underlying mechanism. The MTT assay showed that SQ had potent cytotoxicity to MCF-7/ADR cells. In particular, the results of western blot and flow cytometry proved that SQ could effectively inhibit the expression of BCRP in MCF-7/ADR cells to decrease its drug delivery activity. In addition, SQ could block the cell cycle at G2/M phase in parental and MCF-7/ADR cells, thereby mediating cell apoptosis, which was related with the inhibition of PI3K-Akt-MDM2 pathway. Taken together, our findings indicate that SQ overcomes multidrug resistance in MCF-7/ADR cells by inhibiting BCRP function and mediating apoptosis through PI3K-Akt-MDM2 pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Simeng Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiang Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dayong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China; School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Caofeidian District, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Nuo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weige Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
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22
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Chien CC, Wu MS, Chou SW, Jargalsaikhan G, Chen YC. Roles of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and p53 in evodiamine-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest of human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells. Chin Med 2021; 16:134. [PMID: 34886886 PMCID: PMC8656090 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies have shown that evodiamine (EVO) as paclitaxel and nocodazole could trigger apoptosis in various human cancer cells including human renal cell carcinoma cells, colorectal carcinoma cells, and glioblastoma cells. This study aims to investigate the anti-cancer effects of EVO on human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells, and underlining mechanism. METHODS Two different endogenous p53 status human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells including SW1736 (wtp53) and KAT4B (mutp53) were applied in the present study. The cytotoxicity of EVO on ATC cells was measured by MTT assay, and apoptosis and G2/M arrest were detected by propidium iodide (PI) staining followed by flow cytometry. Expression of indicated proteins was evaluated by Western blotting analysis, and pharmacological studies using chemical inhibitors and siRNA were performed for elucidating underlying mechanism. The roles of mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species were investigated by flow cytometry using DiOC6 and DCFH-DA dye, respectively. RESULTS SW1736 (wtp53) cells showed a higher apoptotic percentage than KAT4B (mutp53) cells in response to EVO stimulation via a flow cytometric analysis. Mechanistic studies showed that increased p53 and its downstream proteins, and disrupted MMP with increased intracellular peroxide production participated in EVO-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest of SW1736 cells. In EVO-treated KAT4B cells, significant increases in G2/M percentage but little apoptotic events by EVO was observed. Structure-activity analysis showed that an alkyl group at position 14 was critical for induction of apoptosis related to ROS production and MMP disruption in SW1736 cells. CONCLUSION Evidence indicated that the endogenous p53 status affected the sensitivity of ATC cells to EVO-induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest, revealing the potential role of p53 related to increased ROS production and disrupted MMP in the anticancer actions of EVO, and alkylation at position 14 of EVO is a critical substitution for apoptosis of ATC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chiang Chien
- Department of Nephrology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shun Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ganbolor Jargalsaikhan
- International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.,Liver Center, 14230, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Yen-Chou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,International MS/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Cancer Research Center and Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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23
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Shaban NZ, Yehia SA, Awad D, Shaban SY, Saleh SR. A Titanium (IV)-Dithiophenolate Complex and Its Chitosan Nanocomposite: Their Roles towards Rat Liver Injuries In Vivo and against Human Liver Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011219. [PMID: 34681878 PMCID: PMC8540501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium (IV)–dithiophenolate complex chitosan nanocomposites (DBT–CSNPs) are featured by their antibacterial activities, cytotoxicity, and capacity to bind with DNA helixes. In this study, their therapeutic effects against rat liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and their anti-proliferative activity against human liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines were determined. Results of treatment were compared with cisplatin treatment. Markers of apoptosis, oxidative stress, liver functions, and liver histopathology were determined. The results showed that DBT–CSNPs and DBT treatments abolished liver damage induced by CCl4 and improved liver architecture and functions. DNA fragmentation, Bax, and caspase-8 were reduced, but Bcl-2 and the Bcl-2/Bax ratios were increased. However, there was a non-significant change in the oxidative stress markers. DBT–CSNPs and DBT inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells by arresting cells in the G2/M phase and inducing cell death. DBT–CSNPs were more efficient than DBT. Low doses of DBT and DBT–CSNPs applied to healthy rats for 14 days had no adverse effect. DBT and DBT–CSNP treatment gave preferable results than the treatment with cisplatin. In conclusion, DBT–CSNPs and DBT have anti-apoptotic activities against liver injuries and have anti-neoplastic impacts. DBT–CSNPs are more efficient. Both compounds can be used in pharmacological fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Z. Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (S.A.Y.); (D.A.); (S.R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1227425785; Fax: +2-(03)-3911794
| | - Salah A. Yehia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (S.A.Y.); (D.A.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Doaa Awad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (S.A.Y.); (D.A.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Shaban Y. Shaban
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Samar R. Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (S.A.Y.); (D.A.); (S.R.S.)
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24
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Yang P, Jiang PW, Li C, Gao MX, Sun YS, Zhang DY, Du WQ, Zhao J, Shi ST, Li Y, Yang T, Cheng L, Li MH. Cdc25C/cdc2/cyclin B, raf/MEK/ERK and PERK/eIF2α/CHOP pathways are involved in forskolin-induced growth inhibition of MM.1S cells by G2/M arrest and mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:2402-2412. [PMID: 34606419 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1983280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable hematological malignancy characterized by proliferation and accumulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Innovative and effective therapeutic approaches that are able to improve the outcome and the survival of MM sufferers, especially the identification of novel natural compounds and investigation of their anti-MM mechanisms, are needed. Here, we investigated the effects and the potential mechanisms against MM of forskolin, a diterpene derived from the medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii, in MM cell line MM.1S. CCK-8 assay showed that forskolin significantly inhibited MM.1S cells viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrated that forskolin induced G2/M phase arrest with a remarkable increase of p-cdc25c, p-cdc2, and a decrease of cyclin B1, indicating the suppression of cdc25C/cdc2/cyclin B pathway. Moreover, we found that forskolin induced mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis which was accompanied by the increase of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bad, Bim and Bid, the decrease of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, the changes of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increase of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP. Of note, we demonstrated that forskolin induced a decrease of p-C-Raf, p-MEK, p-ERK1/2 and p-p90Rsk, and an increase of p-PERK, p-eIF2α and CHOP, which indicated that the inhibition of Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and activation of PERK/eIF2α/CHOP pathway were involved, at least partially, in forskolin-induced MM.1S cells apoptosis. These findings confirm the anti-MM action of forskolin and extend the understanding of its anti-MM mechanism in MM.1S cells, as well as reinforcing the evidence for forskolin as a natural chemotherapeutic compound against MM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pei-Wen Jiang
- School of Basic Medicine.,Center of Science and Research
| | - Chen Li
- School of Basic Medicine.,School of Bioscience and Technology
| | - Ming-Xiang Gao
- Center of Science and Research.,School of Clinical Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Song-Ting Shi
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Basic Medicine.,School of Bioscience and Technology
| | | | | | - Min-Hui Li
- School of Basic Medicine.,Center of Science and Research
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25
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Yang L, Chen W, Li L, Xiao Y, Fan S, Zhang Q, Xia T, Li M, Hong Y, Zhao T, Li Q, Liu WH, Xiao N. Ddb1 Is Essential for the Expansion of CD4 + Helper T Cells by Regulating Cell Cycle Progression and Cell Death. Front Immunol 2021; 12:722273. [PMID: 34526995 PMCID: PMC8435776 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.722273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T (TFH) cells are specialized CD4+ helper T cells that provide help to B cells in humoral immunity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying generation of TFH cells is incompletely understood. Here, we reported that Damage-specific DNA binding protein 1 (Ddb1) was required for expansion of CD4+ helper T cells including TFH and Th1 cells, germinal center response, and antibody response to acute viral infection. Ddb1 deficiency in activated CD4+ T cells resulted in cell cycle arrest at G2-M phase and increased cell death, due to accumulation of DNA damage and hyperactivation of ATM/ATR-Chk1 signaling. Moreover, mice with deletion of both Cul4a and Cul4b in activated CD4+ T cells phenocopied Ddb1-deficient mice, suggesting that E3 ligase-dependent function of Ddb1 was crucial for genome maintenance and helper T-cell generation. Therefore, our results indicate that Ddb1 is an essential positive regulator in the expansion of CD4+ helper T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yueyue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shilin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tian Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yazhen Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tongjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wen-Hsien Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nengming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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26
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Zhang Y, Yuan B, Bian B, Zhao H, Kiyomi A, Hayashi H, Iwatani Y, Sugiura M, Takagi N. Cytotoxic Effects of Hellebrigenin and Arenobufagin Against Human Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:711220. [PMID: 34513690 PMCID: PMC8427765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.711220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new therapeutic strategies for breast cancer is urgently needed due to the sustained emergence of drug resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis. To gain a novel insight into therapeutic approaches to fight against breast cancer, the cytocidal effects of hellebrigenin (Helle) and arenobufagin (Areno) were investigated in human estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Helle exhibited more potent cytotoxicity than Areno in both cancer cells, and MCF-7 cells were more susceptible to both drugs in comparison with MDA-MB-231 cells. Apoptotic-like morphological characteristics, along with the downregulation of the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and the upregulation of the expression level of Bad, were observed in Helle-treated MCF-7 cells. Helle also caused the activation of caspase-8, caspase-9, along with the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in MCF-7 cells. Helle-mediated necrosis-like phenotype, as evidenced by the increased propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells was further observed. G2/M cell cycle arrest was also induced by Helle in the cells. Upregulation of the expression level of p21 and downregulation of the expression level of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cdc25C and survivin were observed in MCF-7 cells treated with Helle and occurred in parallel with G2/M arrest. Autophagy was triggered in MCF-7 cells and the addition of wortmannin or 3-MA, two well-known autophagy inhibitors, slightly but significantly rescued the cells. Furthermore, similar alterations of some key molecules associated with the aforementioned biological phenomena were observed in MDA-MB-231 cells. Intriguingly, the numbers of PI-positive cells in Helle-treated MCF-7 cells were significantly reduced by wortmannin and 3-MA, respectively. In addition, Helle-triggered G2/M arrest was significantly corrected by wortmannin, suggesting autophagy induction contributed to Helle-induced cytotoxicity of breast cancer cells by modulating necrosis and cell cycle arrest. Collectively, our results suggested potential usefulness of both Helle and Areno in developing therapeutic strategies to treat patients with different types of breast cancer, especially ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Japan
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anna Kiyomi
- Department of Drug Safety and Risk Management, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Yui Iwatani
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Munetoshi Sugiura
- Department of Drug Safety and Risk Management, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Norio Takagi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
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27
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Liu L, Xu J, Zhai Z, Cao M, Huang Z, Xing Y, Chen J. O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) diazeniumdiolate derivative induces G2/M arrest via PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1330-1339. [PMID: 34190329 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate whether G2/M arrest caused by O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) diazeniumdiolate derivative (JS-K) was related to PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHODS The cell apoptosis was detected by DAPI staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining. The cell cycle was analysed by PI staining. The expressions of cell cycle-related proteins, PTEN and PI3K/AKT pathway were measured by Western blot. The rat model of primary hepatic carcinoma was established with diethylnitrosamine to verify the antitumour effects of JS-K. KEY FINDINGS The morphological features of apoptosis were obviously reversed when the cells were pre-treated with bpv(pic), followed by treatment with JS-K. JS-K mediated G2/M arrest and down-regulated expressions of cyclin B1. Meanwhile, it up-regulated the expression of p-Cdk1, p-Chk2 and p-CDC25C while down-regulated that of Cdk1 and CDC25C. Furthermore, JS-K also enhanced the expressions of p21 and p27, PTEN and p53 while decreased the expressions of p-PTEN, PI3K and p-AKT. However, bpv(pic) and Carboxy-PTIO could reverse JS-K-induced G2/M cell arrest and PTEN-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway. The same results were also testified in the rat model of primary hepatic carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS JS-K caused G2/M arrest through PTEN-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway involving Chk2/CDC25C/Cdk1 checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jinglei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ziyu Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengyao Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zile Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yihao Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Kailoo S, Shreya, Kumar Y. Cytolethal distending toxin: from genotoxin to a potential biomarker and anti-tumor target. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:150. [PMID: 34379213 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytolethal Distending Toxin (CDT) belongs to the AB toxin family and is produced by a plethora of Gram-negative bacteria. Eight human-affecting enteropathogens harbor CDT that causes irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), dysentery, chancroid, and periodontitis worldwide. They have a novel molecular mode of action as they interfere in the eukaryotic cell-cycle progression leading to G2/M arrest and apoptosis. CDT, the first bacterial genotoxin described, is encoded in a single operon possessing three proteins, CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC. CdtA and CdtC are needed for the binding of the CDT toxin complex to the cholesterol-rich lipid domains of the host cell while the CdtB is the active moiety. Sequence and 3D structural-based analysis of CdtB showed similarities with nucleases and phosphatases, it was hypothesized that CdtB exercises a biochemical function identical to both these enzymes. CDT is secreted through the outer membrane vesicles from the producing bacteria. It is internalized in the target cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and translocated to the host cell nucleus through the Golgi complex and ER. This study discusses the virulence role of CDT, causing pathogenicity by acting as a tri-perditious complex in the CDT-producing species with an emphasis on its potential role as a biomarker and an anti-tumor agent.
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29
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Ye RY, Kuang XY, Shao N, Wang SM, Lin Y. Downregulation of NPTX1 induces cell cycle progression through Wnt/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:1177-1183. [PMID: 34212686 DOI: 10.23812/21-82-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Y Ye
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - X Y Kuang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - N Shao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - S M Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Sahai R, Bhattacharjee A, Shukla VN, Yadav P, Hasanain M, Sarkar J, Narender T, Mitra K. Gedunin isolated from the mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum exerts its anti-proliferative activity in ovarian cancer cells through G2/M-phase arrest and oxidative stress-mediated intrinsic apoptosis. Apoptosis 2021; 25:481-499. [PMID: 32399945 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gedunin is a natural tetranorterpenoid secondary metabolite found in plants of the Meliaceae family, which has been reported for its antiparasitic, antifungal and anticancer activities. Here, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the in vitro anti proliferative activity of gedunin (isolated from the mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum) in human ovarian cancer cells. We observed that gedunin triggered severe ROS generation leading to DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase thus inhibiting cell proliferation. ROS upregulation also led to mitochondrial stress and membrane depolarization, which eventually resulted in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis following cytochrome C release, caspase 9, 3 activation, and PARP cleavage. Transmission electron microscopy of gedunin treated cells revealed sub-cellular features typical of apoptosis. Moreover, an upregulation in stress kinases like phospho-ERK 1/2, phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK was also observed in gedunin treated cells. Free radical scavenger N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) reversed all these effects resulting in increased cell survival, abrogation of cell cycle arrest, rescue of mitochondrial membrane potential and suppression of apoptotic markers. Interestingly, gedunin is also an inhibitor of the evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperone Heat Shock Protein 90 (hsp90) responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Targeting this chaperone could be an attractive strategy for developing cancer therapeutics since many oncogenic proteins are also client proteins of hsp90. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of action of gedunin, which may aid drug development efforts against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sahai
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Arindam Bhattacharjee
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Vishwa Nath Shukla
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Mohammad Hasanain
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Jayanta Sarkar
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - T Narender
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
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31
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Guardamagna I, Lonati L, Savio M, Stivala LA, Ottolenghi A, Baiocco G. An Integrated Analysis of the Response of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Caco-2 Cells to X-Ray Exposure. Front Oncol 2021; 11:688919. [PMID: 34150657 PMCID: PMC8209426 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the three top cancer types for incidence and the second in terms of mortality, usually managed with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In particular, radiotherapeutic concepts are crucial for the management of advanced rectal cancer, but patients’ survival remains poor, despite advances in treatment modalities. The use of well-characterized in vitro cell culture systems offers an important preclinical strategy to study mechanisms at the basis of cell response to therapeutic agents, including ionizing radiation, possibly leading to a better understanding of the in vivo response to the treatment. In this context, we present an integrated analysis of results obtained in an extensive measurement campaign of radiation effects on Caco-2 cells, derived from human colorectal adenocarcinoma. Cells were exposed to X-rays with doses up to 10 Gy from a radiotherapy accelerator. We measured a variety of endpoints at different post-irradiation times: clonogenic survival after ~ 2 weeks; cell cycle distribution, cell death, frequency of micronucleated cells and atypical mitoses, activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and of different proteins involved in DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation at earlier time points, up to 48 h post-exposure. Combined techniques of flow cytometry, immunofluorescence microscopy, gelatin zymography and western blotting were used. For selected endpoints, we also addressed the impact of the irradiation protocol, comparing results obtained when cells are plated before irradiation or first-irradiated and then re-plated. Caco-2 resistance to radiation, previously assessed up to 72 h post exposure in terms of cell viability, does not translate into a high clonogenic survival. Survival is not affected by the irradiation protocol, while endpoints measured on a shorter time frame are. Radiation mainly induces a G2-phase arrest, confirmed by associated molecular markers. The activation of death pathways is dose- and time-dependent, and correlates with a dose-dependent inhibition of MMPs. Genomic aberrations are also found to be dose-dependent. The phosphorylated forms of several proteins involved in cell cycle regulation increase following exposure; the key regulator FoxM1 appears to be downregulated, also leading to inhibition of MMP-2. A unified molecular model of the chain of events initiated by radiation is proposed to interpret all experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Guardamagna
- Laboratory of Radiation Biophysics and Radiobiology, Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lonati
- Laboratory of Radiation Biophysics and Radiobiology, Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Savio
- Immunology and General Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia A Stivala
- Immunology and General Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Ottolenghi
- Laboratory of Radiation Biophysics and Radiobiology, Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Baiocco
- Laboratory of Radiation Biophysics and Radiobiology, Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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32
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Wang GF, Niu X, Liu H, Dong Q, Yao Y, Wang D, Liu X, Cao C. c-Abl kinase regulates cell proliferation and ionizing radiation-induced G2/M arrest via phosphorylation of FHL2. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1731-1738. [PMID: 33932144 PMCID: PMC8167852 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c‐Abl participates in several cellular processes by phosphorylating transcription factors or cofactors. c‐Abl binds and phosphorylates four‐and‐a‐half‐LIM‐only protein 2 (FHL2), but the identity of the phosphorylation sites and their contribution to cell cycle regulation is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that c‐Abl highly phosphorylates FHL2 at Y97, Y176, Y217, and Y236 through mass spectrometry and tyrosine‐to‐phenylalanine (Y → F) mutant analysis. Proliferation was inhibited in cells expressing wild‐type (WT) FHL2 but not cells expressing the phosphorylation‐defective mutant FHL2(4YF). Moreover, FHL2 contributed to cell cycle arrest at G2/M induced by ionizing radiation (IR). FHL2 WT but not FHL2(4YF) rescued FHL2 function in FHL2‐depleted cells by causing IR‐induced G2/M arrest. These results demonstrate that c‐Abl regulates cell cycle progression by phosphorylating FHL2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hainan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
| | | | - Yebao Yao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
| | - Di Wang
- Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, China
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33
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Wang S, Wang Y, Zhu H, Chen M, Zhang L. Expression pattern of histone lysine-specific demethylase 6B in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:491. [PMID: 33968207 PMCID: PMC8100944 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, predictive markers for the prognosis of gastric cancer have not been extensively investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression profile of histone demethylase lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6B (KDM6B) in gastric cancer and healthy control tissues, as well as its value in prognosis prediction as a clinical marker. Within the framework of these criteria, the diagnostic role of KMD6B for gastric cancer was investigated, which may provide insights into novel treatment targets. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect KMD6B expression in 100 gastric cancer tissues and matching para-cancerous tissues to analyze the association between KMD6B expression and clinicopathological features. Based on the follow-up data, the value of KMD6B in prognosis assessment was further explored. The role of KMD6B in gastric cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and the expression of cell cycle-associated proteins was investigated by inhibiting KMD6B activity using the specific inhibitor GSK J4. KMD6B was mostly distributed in cytoplasm and nucleus in gastric cancer tissue. The expression level was significantly higher in cancer tissues compared with that in the corresponding non-cancerous tissues. The expression of KMD6B was significantly associated with sex, lymph node and distant metastasis status and clinical stage (P<0.05). Cell proliferation was significantly decreased with the inhibition of KMD6B activity, and the cell cycle in HGC27 cells was arrested in the G2/M phase after being treated with GSK J4 for 24 h. The expression of cyclin B and Cdc2 were significantly decreased, while p21 was upregulated. It was concluded that the dysregulated expression of KMD6B is associated with the malignant progression of gastric cancer and could be a potential marker for prognosis. Blocking the demethylase activity of KMD6B induced G2/M arrest and inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, suggesting that KMD6B is a potential novel therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cixi People's Hospital, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315300, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cixi People's Hospital, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315300, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cixi People's Hospital, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315300, P.R. China
| | - Miaohui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cixi People's Hospital, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315300, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cixi People's Hospital, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Zhejiang 315300, P.R. China
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34
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Park C, Jeong JW, Han MH, Lee H, Kim GY, Jin S, Park JH, Kwon HJ, Kim BW, Choi YH. The anti-cancer effect of betulinic acid in u937 human leukemia cells is mediated through ROS-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:119-127. [PMID: 34234893 PMCID: PMC8118407 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1915380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have shown anti-cancer activity of betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, against various cancer lines, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer efficacy of BA in U937 human myeloid leukemia cells. BA exerted a significant cytotoxic effect on U937 cells through blocking cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis, and that the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased after treatment with BA. The down-regulation of cyclin A and cyclin B1, and up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 revealed the G2/M phase arrest mechanism of BA. In addition, BA induced the cytosolic release of cytochrome c by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential with an increasing Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. BA also increased the activity of caspase-9 and -3, and subsequent degradation of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. However, quenching of ROS by N-acetyl-cysteine, an ROS scavenger, markedly abolished BA-induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis, indicating that the generation of ROS plays a key role in inhibiting the proliferation of U937 cells by BA treatment. Taken together, our results provide a mechanistic rationale that BA exhibits anti-cancer properties in U937 leukemia cells through ROS-dependent induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- College of Liberal Studies, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Han
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojung Jin
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Park
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kwon
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woo Kim
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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35
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Huang Y, Tian Y, Zhang W, Liu R, Zhang W. Rab12 Promotes Radioresistance of HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer Cells by Increasing G2/M Arrest. Front Oncol 2021; 11:586771. [PMID: 33718142 PMCID: PMC7947205 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.586771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HPV-positive (HPV+) cervical cancer cells are more radioresistant compared with HPV-negative (HPV-) cervical cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism is not fully illuminated. Our previous mass spectrometry data showed that Ras-associated binding protein Rab12 was up-regulated by HPV, and this study is to investigate the role of Rab12 in the radioresistance of HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. Methods CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot were performed to determine cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and protein expressions. DNA damage and repair levels were measured by comet assays and detection of γ-H2AX, XRCC4, and pBRCA1 protein expressions. Results Rab12 mRNA and protein expressions were up-regulated in cervical cancer tissues and HPV+ cervical cancer cells. Knockdown of Rab12 enhanced radiosensitivity while overexpression of Rab12 promotes radioresistance. Knockdown of Rab12 alleviated G2/M arrest by decreasing p-Cdc2(Tyr15) after radiation, which was a result of the reduction of p-Cdc25C(Ser216). Rab12 knockdown caused more DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and inhibited DNA homologous recombination repair (HRR) after radiation. Instead, overexpression of Rab12 enhanced radioresistance by increasing G2/M arrest, which provided more time for DNA HRR. Conclusions Rab12 may serve as a potential therapeutic target to improve clinical treatment outcome of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Huang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yonghao Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruijuan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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36
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Qi G, Zhang C, Ma H, Li Y, Peng J, Chen J, Kong B. CDCA8, targeted by MYBL2, promotes malignant progression and olaparib insensitivity in ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:389-415. [PMID: 33575078 PMCID: PMC7868764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are effective in treating ovarian cancer. However, cancer cell insensitivity and resistance remain challenges. Determination of the exact chemoresistance mechanisms and potential targeted therapies is urgent. CDCA8 (cell division cycle associated 8) participates in the tumorigenesis of various cancers; however, the exact biological function of CDCA8 in ovarian cancer remains obscure. Here, we found that CDCA8 was overexpressed in ovarian cancer and that high expression of CDCA8 promoted the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, silencing of CDCA8 sensitized ovarian cancer cells to olaparib and cisplatin by inducing G2/M arrest, accelerating apoptosis, increasing DNA damage and interfering with RAD51 accumulation in vitro. In addition, MYBL2 (MYB proto-oncogene-like 2), identified as an upstream transcription factor of CDCA8, was positively correlated with the expression level of CDCA8 in ovarian cancer. Finally, MYBL2 enhanced the aggressive characteristics of ovarian cancer cells by regulating CDCA8. In conclusion, high CDCA8 expression was involved in the tumorigenesis, aggressiveness and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. CDCA8 silencing combined with olaparib treatment might lead to substantial progress in ovarian cancer targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonghua Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
| | - Chenyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
| | - Hanlin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
- Institute of Oncology, School of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
| | - Jiali Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
| | - Jingying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
| | - Beihua Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
- Gynecologic Oncology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong UniversityJinan 250012, China
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37
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Zhu F, Li H, Long T, Zhou M, Wan J, Tian J, Zhou Z, Hu Z, Nie J. Tubular Numb promotes renal interstitial fibrosis via modulating HIF-1α protein stability. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166081. [PMID: 33486098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the ultimate common pathway of all manners of chronic kidney disease. We previously demonstrated that specific deletion of Numb in proximal tubular cells (PTCs) prevented G2/M arrest and attenuated renal fibrosis. However, how Numb modulates cell cycle arrest remains unclear. Here, we showed that Numb overexpression significantly increased the protein level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Numb overexpression-induced G2/M arrest was blocked by silencing endogenous HIF-1α, subsequently downregulated the expression of cyclin G1 which is an atypical cyclin to promote G2/M arrest of PTCs. Further analysis revealed that Numb-augmented HIF-1α protein was blocked by simultaneously overexpressing MDM2. Moreover, silencing Numb decreased TGF-β1-induceded HIF-1α protein expression. While endogenous MDM2 was knocked down this reduction was reversed, indicating that Numb stabilized HIF-1α protein via interfering MDM2-mediated HIF-1α protein degradation. Interestingly, HIF-1α overexpression significantly upregulated the expression of Numb and silencing endogenous HIF-1α blocked CoCl2 or TGF-β1-induced Numb expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays demonstrated that HIF-1α binded to the promoter region of Numb. This binding was significantly increased by TGF-β1. Collectively, these data indicate that Numb and HIF-1α cooperates to promote G2/M arrest of PTCs, and thus aggravates tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Numb might be a potential target for the therapy of tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tantan Long
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhanmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Kamli MR, Srivastava V, Hajrah NH, Sabir JSM, Hakeem KR, Ahmad A, Malik MA. Facile Bio-Fabrication of Ag-Cu-Co Trimetallic Nanoparticles and Its Fungicidal Activity against Candida auris. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7010062. [PMID: 33477480 PMCID: PMC7831063 DOI: 10.3390/jof7010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida auris is an emergent multidrug-resistant pathogen that can lead to severe bloodstream infections associated with high mortality rates, especially in hospitalized individuals suffering from serious medical problems. As Candida auris is often multidrug-resistant, there is a persistent demand for new antimycotic drugs with novel antifungal action mechanisms. Here, we reported the facile, one-pot, one-step biosynthesis of biologically active Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Salvia officinalis rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. These medicinally important phytochemicals act as a reducing agent and stabilize/capping in the nanoparticles' fabrication process. Fourier Transform-Infrared, Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Energy dispersive X-Ray, X-ray powder diffraction and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements were used to classify the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Moreover, we evaluated the antifungal mechanism of as-synthesized nanoparticles against different clinical isolates of C. auris. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations ranged from 0.39-0.78 μg/mL and 0.78-1.56 μg/mL. Cell count and viability assay further validated the fungicidal potential of Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles. The comprehensive analysis showed that these trimetallic nanoparticles could induce apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in C. auris. Furthermore, Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles exhibit enhanced antimicrobial properties compared to their monometallic counterparts attributed to the synergistic effect of Ag, Cu and Co present in the as-synthesized nanoparticles. Therefore, the present study suggests that the Ag-Cu-Co trimetallic nanoparticles hold the capacity to be a lead for antifungal drug development against C. auris infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.K.); (N.H.H.); (J.S.M.S.); (K.R.H.)
- Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vartika Srivastava
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; (V.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Nahid H. Hajrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.K.); (N.H.H.); (J.S.M.S.); (K.R.H.)
| | - Jamal S. M. Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.K.); (N.H.H.); (J.S.M.S.); (K.R.H.)
- Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.K.); (N.H.H.); (J.S.M.S.); (K.R.H.)
| | - Aijaz Ahmad
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Infection Control Unit, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Maqsood Ahmad Malik
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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Zhang M, Qu J, Gao Z, Qi Q, Yin H, Zhu L, Wu Y, Liu W, Yang J, Huang X. Timosaponin AIII Induces G2/M Arrest and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer by Activating the ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:601468. [PMID: 33628174 PMCID: PMC7898553 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.601468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), a steroidal saponin, exerts potent anti-tumor activity in various cancers, especially breast cancer. However, the concrete molecular mechanisms of TAIII against breast cancer are still unclear. Here, we find that TAIII triggers DNA damage, leads to G2/M arrest, and ultimately induces apoptosis in breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. TAIII induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells accompanied with down-regulation of CyclinB1, Cdc2 and Cdc25C. Further data showed that the ATM/Chk2 and p38 pathways were activated representing by up-regulated levels of p-H2A.X and p-p38, which indicated an induction of DNA damage by TAIII, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The effects of TAIII were further confirmed by employing inhibitors of ATM and p38 pathways. In vivo, TAIII suppressed the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumor without obvious toxicity, which indicated by Ki67 and TUNEL analysis. Data also showed that TAIII stimulated the ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK pathways in vivo, which in consistent with the effects in vitro. Hence, our data demonstrate that TAIII triggers DNA damage and activates ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK pathways, and then induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer, which provide theoretical evidence for TAIII utilized as drug against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxi Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhen X, Zhang S, Xie F, Zhou M, Hu Z, Zhu F, Nie J. Nicotinamide Supplementation Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis via Boosting the Activity of Sirtuins. Kidney Dis (Basel) 2021; 7:186-199. [PMID: 34179114 DOI: 10.1159/000510943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is the final common pathway leading to ESRD. There is an urgent need to develop effective approaches slowing the progression of TIF. Previous studies showed that systemic supplementation of nicotinamide (NAM) increases renal NAD+ and reverses ischemic-reperfusion induced acute renal injury. However, the role and mechanism of NAM in TIF has been unclear. Methods In vivo, we injected NAM (0.25 mg/g) 3 days before unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) till day 7 post-operation. In vitro, mouse primary proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTCs), rat renal NRK-49F cells, and human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell (HK-2) were pretreated with the indicated concentration of NAM 1 h before incubation with transform growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) or aristolochic acid (AA) for 24 or 48 h. To evaluate the role of sirtuins (SIRTs), PTCs were pretreated with EX527 or resveratrol 30 min before incubation with NAM and TGF-β1. Results In the present study, we demonstrated that NAM supplementation prevented UUO-induced TIF, and AA-induced renal injury. NAM also decreased the expression of pro-fibrotic proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and attenuated interstitial inflammation. In vitro experiment showed that, NAM inhibited AA-induced G2/M arrest of HK-2 cells by downregulating the expression of cyclin G1, a target gene of p53. In addition, NAM inhibited TGF-β1-induced fibroblast proliferation and activation shown as downregulated expression of collagen I, fibronectin, PCNA, cyclin D1, IL-6, and TNF-α. NAM decreased the acetylation of Smad3 and p53. EX527, an inhibitor of SIRT1, reversed the effect of NAM on TGF-β1-induced matrix protein production. However, resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator, did not further boost the protective effect of NAM on reducing matrix protein production. Conclusions Taken together, these data indicate that NAM supplementation could inhibit TIF at least partially by boosting the activity of sirtuins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Sharma R, Kameswaran M, Pandey U, Dash A. Dose-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HER2 breast cancer cells by 177Lu-CHX-A"-DTPA-Trastuzumab. J Cancer Res Ther 2020; 16:1426-1434. [PMID: 33342808 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_20_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Trastuzumab is a Food and Drug Administration-approved humanized monoclonal antibody which targets the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptor overexpressed on HER2-positive breast cancer cells. The combination of Lutetium-177 (177 Lu) (t½= 6.7 days, Eβmax497 keV (78.6%) and trastuzumab makes it a suitable targeting agent for radioimmunotherapy. In preclinical and clinical studies,177 Lu-Trastuzumab has proven to be effective for the treatment of HER2-positive malignancies such as breast and ovarian cancer. Objectives In this study, we report the mechanism of action of177 Lu-CHX-A"-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-trastuzumab at the cellular and molecular level by performing various in vitro assays in HER2-positive MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods Trastuzumab was conjugated to the bifunctional chelating agent (BFCA) para-isothiocyanatobenzyl-DTPA and radiolabeled with177 Lu. In vitro cell binding studies were carried out in MDA-MB-453 cells to confirm the specificity of the complex toward the receptor. Cellular toxicity, cell cycle, and cell death analysis were also performed for exploring the potential of the radioimmunoconjugate at cellular and molecular level. Results In vitro cell binding studies showed a maximum binding of 10.7 ± 0.1% which reduced to 2.9 ± 0.1% on coincubation with unlabeled antibody. Our study revealed that the cellular toxicity was dose dependent, and mode of cell death was predominantly by apoptosis. The radioimmunoconjugate retarded the cell in the S phase of cell cycle with two-fold increase in G2/M arrest which justifies the enhanced apoptosis at higher doses. Conclusions The study revealed that the formulation can execute a dose-dependent cellular toxicity through induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Usha Pandey
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Zhang Y, Li P, Rong J, Ge Y, Hu C, Bai X, Shi W. Small molecule CDS-3078 induces G 2/M phase arrest and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:284. [PMID: 33209128 PMCID: PMC7668142 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 serves important roles in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and its activation increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In the present study, the small molecule 2-[1-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-3-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)] acetic acid (CDS-3078) significantly increased p53 mRNA expression levels in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with CDS-3078 increased p53 expression levels and p53-mediated activation of its downstream target genes in HeLa cells. Additionally, p53+/+ HeLa cells treated with CDS-3078 presented with dysfunctional mitochondria, as indicated by the decrease in Bcl-2 levels, the increase in Bcl-2 homologous antagonist killer and the increase in cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm. The present results suggested that CDS-3078 treatment significantly induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Therefore, CDS-3078 administration induced apoptosis via p53-mediated cell cycle arrest, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and resulting in apoptotic cell death in cervical cancer cells. Collectively, the present results suggested that CDS-3078 may be a potential anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Zhang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, Jilin 132022, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, Jilin 132022, P.R. China
| | - Jiamin Rong
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, Jilin 132022, P.R. China
| | - Yakun Ge
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, Jilin 132022, P.R. China
| | - Chenming Hu
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xu Bai
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of The Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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Li G, Wu X, Sun P, Zhang Z, Shao E, Mao J, Cao H, Huang H. Dithiolation indolizine exerts viability suppression effects on A549 cells via triggering intrinsic apoptotic pathways and inducing G2/M phase arrest. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:110961. [PMID: 33190035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Indolizine derivatives have been reported for the treatment of numerous diseases. However, few studies were carried out for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We synthesized series of indolizine compounds. The results of MTT assay showed compound 8 (C8) markedly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells, however, C8 (15, 30 μg/mL) had little cytotoxicity in other cell lines (SH-SY5Y, HepG2, and BEAS-2B cells), Hoechst staining and JC-1 staining showed that C8 induced changes in the nucleus morphology, increased the loss in mitochondrial membrane potential in A549 cells. The results of flow cytometry manifested that cell cycle of the cells was arrested in the G2 / M phase by C8, ROS levels and the proportion of apoptosis of cells increased. We performed western blotting analysis to detect the expression levels of apoptosis and cycle-related proteins. These results validated that the apoptosis of cells was triggered by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and the PI3K/Akt-mediated mitochondrial pathway collaboratively. Besides, the utilization of PI3K/Akt inhibitors and p53 inhibitors further proves the above argument and C8-induced cycle arrest of A549 cells is majorly regulated by p53. C8 induced the accumulation of ROS contents involved in mitochondrial damage. The proliferation of A549 cells was inhibited after treatment with the compound, which induced apoptosis and cycle arrest of cells. It is suggested that C8(dithiolation indolizine) is a potential candidate compound against non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanting Li
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianwei Wu
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510060, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Enxian Shao
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianping Mao
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China.
| | - Hongliang Huang
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Dong H, Wang M, Chang C, Sun M, Yang F, Li L, Feng M, Zhang L, Li Q, Zhu Y, Qiao Y, Xie T, Chen J. Erianin inhibits the oncogenic properties of hepatocellular carcinoma via inducing DNA damage and aberrant mitosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114266. [PMID: 33035506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds have been confirmed as one of the most feasible solutions for hard-to-treat cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Erianin, a natural bibenzyl compound from Dendrobium chrysotoxum, has been recently discovered with anticancer property in cancer cells. However, the roles and the molecular mechanisms of erianin in HCC remain unknown. The present study evaluates the effect of erianin on human HCC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptotic-related cell death and hampering tumorigenicity. Furthermore, it was found that erianin could cause irreparable DNA damage, induce G2/M arrest and deregulate mitotic regulators. It was also observed that many cells with damaged DNA induced by erianin could overcome G2/M arrest and enter mitosis, leading to abnormal mitosis, and subsequently mitotic catastrophe and apoptotic-related cell death. The present study confirmed that erianin could be a potential antitumor agent for HCC clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Dong
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Menglan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Cunjie Chang
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Mengqing Sun
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Lina Li
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Mengqing Feng
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qian Li
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yannan Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yiting Qiao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Jianxiang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore.
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Ramesh G, Das S, Bola Sadashiva SR. Berberine, a natural alkaloid sensitizes human hepatocarcinoma to ionizing radiation by blocking autophagy and cell cycle arrest resulting in senescence. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1893-1908. [PMID: 32815562 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the radiosensitizing potential of Berberine and the underlying mechanism in human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. METHODS HepG2 cells were challenged with X-rays in combination with Berberine treatment and several in vitro assays were performed. Alteration in cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Changes in intracellular ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential/mass, intracellular acidic vesicular organelles as well as cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death were analysed by flow cytometry. Induction of autophagy was assessed by staining the cells with Monodansylcadaverine/Lysotracker red dyes and immunoblotting for LC3I/II and p62 proteins. Phase-contrast/fluorescence microscopy was employed to study mitotic catastrophe and senescence. Cellular senescence was confirmed by immunoblotting for p21 levels and ELISA for Interleukin-6. KEY FINDINGS X-rays + Berberine had a synergistic effect in reducing cell proliferation accompanied by a robust G2/M arrest. Berberine-mediated radiosensitization was associated with elevated levels of LC3II and p62 suggesting blocked autophagy that was followed by mitotic catastrophe and senescence. Treatment of cells with X-rays + Berberine resulted in increased oxidative stress, hyperpolarized mitochondria with increased mitochondrial mass and reduced ATP levels. CONCLUSIONS The study expands the understanding of the pharmacological properties of Berberine and its applicability as a radiosensitizer towards treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautham Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shubhankar Das
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Rao Bola Sadashiva
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Ding WJ, Ji YY, Jiang YJ, Ying WJ, Fang ZY, Gao TT. Gephyromycin C, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein Hsp90, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PC3 cells in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 531:377-82. [PMID: 32800334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gephyromycin C (GC), a natural compound isolated from a marine-derived actinomycete Streptomyces sp. SS13I, which exerts anti-proliferative effect on PC3 cells. However, its underlying mechanism of the anti-cancer effect remains unknown. The results of SRB assays showed that GC inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells with an IC50 value of 1.79 ± 0.28 μM. GC also induced G2/M cell cycle arrest which was accompanied by declining levels of cyclin proteins. Possible mechanisms were investigated and it was found that GC bound to Hsp90 and caused the degradation of Hsp90 client proteins (AKT, CHK1, P53, CDK4, Raf-b, and Raf-1). The fluorescent polarization assay with FITC-labeled geldanamycin (FITC-GA) demonstrated that GC was able to compete with FITC-GA in binding to wild type Hsp90 with an IC50 of 2.15 μM. Results of a docking study also suggested that GC interacted with the N-terminal domain of Hsp90. Our results showed that GC could bind to Hsp90, which resulted in down-regulation of Hsp90 client proteins and G2/M arrest in PC3 cells. Since the antitumor effects of this kind of angucycline via targeting Hsp90 has not been reported before, our results indicate that GC is a novel inhibitor of Hsp90 from marine resources and worthy of further study.
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Zhao H, Jiang N, Han Y, Yang M, Gao P, Xiong X, Xiong S, Zeng L, Xiao Y, Wei L, Li L, Li C, Yang J, Tang C, Xiao L, Liu F, Liu Y, Sun L. Aristolochic acid induces renal fibrosis by arresting proximal tubular cells in G2/M phase mediated by HIF-1α. FASEB J 2020; 34:12599-12614. [PMID: 32706145 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000949r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is a common pathological feature of aristolochic acid (AA) nephropathy (AAN). G2/M arrest of proximal tubular cells (PTCs) is implicated in renal fibrosis of AAN, but the upstream regulatory molecule remains unknown. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) promotes renal fibrosis in kidney disease, but the role of HIF-1α in AAN is unclear. Evidence shows that HIF-1α and p21, a known inducer of cellular G2/M arrest, are closely related to each other. To investigate the role of HIF-1α in renal fibrosis of AAN and its effects on p21 expression and PTCs G2/M arrest, mice with HIF-1α gene knockout PTCs (PT-HIF-1α-KO) were generated, and AAN was induced by AA. In vitro tests were conducted on the human PTCs line HK-2 and primary mouse PTCs. HIF-1α and p21 expression, fibrogenesis, and G2/M arrest of PTCs were determined. Results showed that HIF-1α was upregulated in the kidneys of wild-type (WT) AAN mice, accompanied by p21 upregulation, PTCs G2/M arrest and renal fibrosis, and these alterations were reversed in PT-HIF-1α-KO AAN mice. Similar results were observed in HK-2 cells and were further confirmed in primary PTCs from PT-HIF-1α-KO and WT mice. Inhibiting p21 in HK-2 cells and primary PTCs did not change the expression of HIF-1α, but G2/M arrest and fibrogenesis were reduced. These data indicate that HIF-1α plays a key role in renal fibrosis in AAN by inducing PTCs G2/M arrest modulated through p21. HIF-1α may serve as a potential therapeutic target for AAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaofen Xiong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Xiong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingfeng Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinfei Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Sun M, He L, Fan Z, Tang R, Du J. Effective treatment of drug-resistant lung cancer via a nanogel capable of reactivating cisplatin and enhancing early apoptosis. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120252. [PMID: 32738659 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin resistance is a daunting obstacle in cancer therapy and one of the major causes for treatment failure due to the inadequate drug activity and apoptosis induction. To overcome cisplatin resistance, we proposed a multifunctional nanogel (designated as Valproate-D-Nanogel) capable of reactivating cisplatin and enhancing early apoptosis. This Valproate-D-Nanogel was prepared through copolymerizing carboxymethyl chitosan with diallyl disulfide and subsequent grafting with valproate to reverse the drug-resistance in cisplatin-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma cancer. It can significantly increase the proportion of G2/M phase (up to 3.2-fold enhancement) to reactivate cisplatin via high level of G2/M arrest induced by valproate. Meanwhile, the intracellular ROS-P53 crosstalk can be upregulated by diallyl disulfide (up to 8-fold increase of ROS) and valproate (up to 18-fold increase of P53) to enhance early apoptosis. The synchronization of enhanced G2/M arrest and ROS-P53 crosstalk devotes to reverse the cisplatin resistance with a high level of resistance reversion index (50.22). As a result, improved in vivo tumor inhibition (up to 15-fold higher compared to free cisplatin) and decreased systemic toxicity was observed after treatment with Valproate-D-Nanogels. Overall, this nanogel can effectively inhibit cisplatin-resistance cancer through combined pathways and provides an effective approach for overcoming cisplatin-resistance in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China; Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China; Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, School of Life Science, Anhui, Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
| | - Le He
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, School of Life Science, Anhui, Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China; Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China.
| | - Rupei Tang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, School of Life Science, Anhui, Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230601, China.
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China; Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China.
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Li C, Meng X, Liu S, Li W, Zhang X, Zhou J, Yao W, Dong C, Liu Z, Zhou J, Li J, Tao J, Wu W, Shen M, Liu H. Oocytes and hypoxanthine orchestrate the G2-M switch mechanism in ovarian granulosa cells. Development 2020; 147:147/13/dev184838. [PMID: 32620578 DOI: 10.1242/dev.184838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian growing follicles, oocytes are arrested at the diplotene stage (which resembles the G2/M boundary in mitosis), while the granulosa cells (GCs) continue to proliferate during follicular development, reflecting a cell cycle asynchrony between oocytes and GCs. Hypoxanthine (Hx), a purine present in the follicular fluid, has been shown to induce oocytes meiotic arrest, although its role in GC proliferation remains ill-defined. Here, we demonstrate that Hx indiscriminately prevents G2-to-M phase transition in porcine GCs. However, oocyte-derived paracrine factors (ODPFs), particularly GDF9 and BMP15, maintain the proliferation of GCs, partly by activating the ERK1/2 signaling and enabling the G2/M transition that is suppressed by Hx. Interestingly, GCs with lower expression of GDF9/BMP15 receptors appear to be more sensitive to Hx-induced G2/M arrest and become easily detached from the follicular wall. Importantly, Hx-mediated inhibition of G2/M progression instigates GC apoptosis, which is ameliorated in the presence of GDF9 and/or BMP15. Therefore, our data indicate that the counterbalance of intrafollicular factors, particularly Hx and oocyte-derived GDF9/BMP15, fine-tunes the development of porcine follicles by regulating the cell cycle progression of GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xueqin Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weijian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jilong Zhou
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chao Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingli Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangjun Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Nogueira ML, Lima EJSP, Adrião AAX, Fontes SS, Silva VR, Santos LS, Soares MBP, Dias RB, Rocha CAG, Costa EV, Silva FMAD, Vannier-Santos MA, Cardozo NMD, Koolen HHF, Bezerra DP. Cyperus articulatus L. (Cyperaceae) Rhizome Essential Oil Causes Cell Cycle Arrest in the G 2/M Phase and Cell Death in HepG2 Cells and Inhibits the Development of Tumors in a Xenograft Model. Molecules 2020; 25:E2687. [PMID: 32527068 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus articulatus L. (Cyperaceae), popularly known in Brazil as “priprioca” or “piriprioca”, is a tropical and subtropical plant used in popular medical practices to treat many diseases, including cancer. In this study, C. articulatus rhizome essential oil (EO), collected from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, was addressed in relation to its chemical composition, induction of cell death in vitro and inhibition of tumor development in vivo, using human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells as a cell model. EO was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and characterized qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), respectively. The cytotoxic activity of EO was examined against five cancer cell lines (HepG2, HCT116, MCF-7, HL-60 and B16-F10) and one non-cancerous one (MRC-5) using the Alamar blue assay. Cell cycle distribution and cell death were investigated using flow cytometry in HepG2 cells treated with EO after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation. The cells were also stained with May–Grunwald–Giemsa to analyze the morphological changes. The anti-liver-cancer activity of EO in vivo was evaluated in C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice with HepG2 cell xenografts. The main representative substances of this EO sample were muskatone (11.6%), cyclocolorenone (10.3%), α-pinene (8.26%), pogostol (6.36%), α-copaene (4.83%) and caryophyllene oxide (4.82%). EO showed IC50 values for cancer cell lines ranging from 28.5 µg/mL for HepG2 to >50 µg/mL for HCT116, and an IC50 value for non-cancerous of 46.0 µg/mL (MRC-5), showing selectivity indices below 2-fold for all cancer cells tested. HepG2 cells treated with EO showed cell cycle arrest at G2/M along with internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. The morphological alterations included cell shrinkage and chromatin condensation. Treatment with EO also increased the percentage of apoptotic-like cells. The in vivo tumor mass inhibition rates of EO were 46.5–50.0%. The results obtained indicate the anti-liver-cancer potential of C. articulatus rhizome EO.
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