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Huang C, Zhang L, Shen P, Wu Z, Li G, Huang Y, Ao T, Luo L, Hu C, Wang N, Quzhuo R, Tian L, Huangfu C, Liao Z, Gao Y. Cannabidiol mitigates radiation-induced intestine ferroptosis via facilitating the heterodimerization of RUNX3 with CBFβ thereby promoting transactivation of GPX4. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:288-303. [PMID: 38830513 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Radiation enteritis remains a major challenge for radiotherapy against abdominal and pelvic malignancies. Nevertheless, there is no approved effective therapy to alleviate irradiation (IR)-induced gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. In the current study, Cannabidiol (CBD) was found to mitigate intestinal injury by GPX4-mediated ferroptosis resistance upon IR exposure. RNA-sequencing was employed to investigate the underlying mechanism involved in the radio-protective effect of CBD, wherein runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) and its target genes were changed significantly. Further experiment showed that the transactivation of GPX4 triggered by the direct binding of RUNX3 to its promoter region, or by stimulating the transcriptional activity of NF-κB via RUNX3-mediated LILRB3 upregulation was critical for the anti-ferroptotic effect of CBD upon IR injury. Specially, CBD was demonstrated to be a molecular glue skeleton facilitating the heterodimerization of RUNX3 with its transcriptional chaperone core-biding factor β (CBFβ) thereby promoting their nuclear localization and the subsequent transactivation of GPX4 and LILRB3. In short, our study provides an alternative strategy to counteract IR-induced enteritis during the radiotherapy on abdominal/pelvic neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congshu Huang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zekun Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gaofu Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yijian Huang
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ting Ao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Changkun Hu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Renzeng Quzhuo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Naqu People's Hospital, Nagqu, Xizang Autonomous Region, 852007, China
| | - Lishan Tian
- Navy Qingdao Special Service Recuperation Center, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chaoji Huangfu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Zebin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Yue Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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2
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Chen W, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Wu J, McVicar A, Chen Y, Zhu S, Zhu G, Lu Y, Zhang J, McConnell M, Li YP. Cbfβ regulates Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo/Yap, and Tgfβ signaling pathways in articular cartilage homeostasis and protects from ACLT surgery-induced osteoarthritis. eLife 2024; 13:e95640. [PMID: 38805545 PMCID: PMC11132684 DOI: 10.7554/elife.95640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
As the most common degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA) contributes significantly to pain and disability during aging. Several genes of interest involved in articular cartilage damage in OA have been identified. However, the direct causes of OA are poorly understood. Evaluating the public human RNA-seq dataset showed that CBFB (subunit of a heterodimeric Cbfβ/Runx1, Runx2, or Runx3 complex) expression is decreased in the cartilage of patients with OA. Here, we found that the chondrocyte-specific deletion of Cbfb in tamoxifen-induced Cbfbf/f;Col2a1-CreERT mice caused a spontaneous OA phenotype, worn articular cartilage, increased inflammation, and osteophytes. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that Cbfβ deficiency in articular cartilage resulted in reduced cartilage regeneration, increased canonical Wnt signaling and inflammatory response, and decreased Hippo/Yap signaling and Tgfβ signaling. Immunostaining and western blot validated these RNA-seq analysis results. ACLT surgery-induced OA decreased Cbfβ and Yap expression and increased active β-catenin expression in articular cartilage, while local AAV-mediated Cbfb overexpression promoted Yap expression and diminished active β-catenin expression in OA lesions. Remarkably, AAV-mediated Cbfb overexpression in knee joints of mice with OA showed the significant protective effect of Cbfβ on articular cartilage in the ACLT OA mouse model. Overall, this study, using loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches, uncovered that low expression of Cbfβ may be the cause of OA. Moreover, Local admission of Cbfb may rescue and protect OA through decreasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and increasing Hippo/Yap signaling and Tgfβ/Smad2/3 signaling in OA articular cartilage, indicating that local Cbfb overexpression could be an effective strategy for treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Jinjin Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Abigail McVicar
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Yilin Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Siyu Zhu
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Guochun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - You Lu
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Jiayang Zhang
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Matthew McConnell
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew OrleansUnited States
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
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3
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Chen W, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Wu J, McVicar A, Chen Y, Zhu S, Zhu G, Lu Y, Zhang J, McConnell M, Li YP. Cbfβ regulates Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo/Yap, and TGFβ signaling pathways in articular cartilage homeostasis and protects from ACLT surgery-induced osteoarthritis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575763. [PMID: 38293189 PMCID: PMC10827176 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
As the most common degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA) contributes significantly to pain and disability during aging. Several genes of interest involved in articular cartilage damage in OA have been identified. However, the direct causes of OA are poorly understood. Evaluating the public human RNA-seq dataset showed that Cbfβ, (subunit of a heterodimeric Cbfβ/Runx1,Runx2, or Runx3 complex) expression is decreased in the cartilage of patients with OA. Here, we found that the chondrocyte-specific deletion of Cbfβ in tamoxifen-induced Cbfβf/fCol2α1-CreERT mice caused a spontaneous OA phenotype, worn articular cartilage, increased inflammation, and osteophytes. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that Cbfβ deficiency in articular cartilage resulted in reduced cartilage regeneration, increased canonical Wnt signaling and inflammatory response, and decreased Hippo/YAP signaling and TGF-β signaling. Immunostaining and western blot validated these RNA-seq analysis results. ACLT surgery-induced OA decreased Cbfβ and Yap expression and increased active β-catenin expression in articular cartilage, while local AAV-mediated Cbfβ overexpression promoted Yap expression and diminished active β-catenin expression in OA lesions. Remarkably, AAV-mediated Cbfβ overexpression in knee joints of mice with OA showed the significant protective effect of Cbfβ on articular cartilage in the ACLT OA mouse model. Overall, this study, using loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches, uncovered that low expression of Cbfβ may be the cause of OA. Moreover, Local admission of Cbfβ may rescue and protect OA through decreasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and increasing Hippo/Yap signaling and TGFβ/Smad2/3 signaling in OA articular cartilage, indicating that local Cbfβ overexpression could be an effective strategy for treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jinjin Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Abigail McVicar
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yilin Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Siyu Zhu
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Guochun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - You Lu
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jiayang Zhang
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew McConnell
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Arora D, Taneja Y, Sharma A, Dhingra A, Guarve K. Role of Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis: An Explicative Review. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:2-13. [PMID: 37670694 DOI: 10.2174/1573397119666230904150741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a complex regulatory, active cell death process that plays a role in cell development, homeostasis, and ageing. Cancer, developmental defects, and degenerative diseases are all pathogenic disorders caused by apoptosis dysregulation. Osteoarthritis (OA) is by far the most frequently diagnosed joint disease in the aged, and it is characterized by the ongoing breakdown of articular cartilage, which causes severe disability. Multiple variables regulate the anabolic and catabolic pathways of the cartilage matrix, which either directly or indirectly contribute to cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis. Articular cartilage is a highly specialized tissue made up of an extracellular matrix of cells that are tightly packed together. As a result, chondrocyte survival is crucial for the preservation of an optimal cartilage matrix, and chondrocyte characteristics and survival compromise may result in articular cartilage failure. Inflammatory cytokines can either promote or inhibit apoptosis, the process of programmed cell death. Pro-apoptotic cytokines like TNF-α can induce cell death, while anti-apoptotic cytokines like IL-4 and IL-10 protect against apoptosis. The balance between these cytokines plays a critical role in determining cell fate and has implications for tissue damage and disease progression. Similarly, they contribute to the progression of OA by disrupting the metabolic balance in joint tissues by promoting catabolic and anabolic pathways. Their impact on cell joints, as well as the impacts of cell signalling pathways on cytokines and inflammatory substances, determines their function in osteoarthritis development. Apoptosis is evident in osteoarthritic cartilage; however, determining the relative role of chondrocyte apoptosis in the aetiology of OA is difficult, and the rate of apoptotic chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage is inconsistent. The current study summarises the role of apoptosis in the development of osteoarthritis, the mediators, and signalling pathways that trigger the cascade of events, and the other inflammatory features involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepshi Arora
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
| | - Yugam Taneja
- Zeon Lifesciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, 173025, India
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
| | - Ashwani Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
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5
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Wang J, Yang Q, Saiding Q, Chen L, Liu M, Wang Z, Xiang L, Deng L, Chen Y, Cui W. Geometric Angles and Gene Expression in Cells for Structural Bone Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304111. [PMID: 37775309 PMCID: PMC10646237 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Geometry and angles play crucial roles in cellular processes; however, its mechanisms of regulation remain unclear. In this study, a series of three dimensional (3D)-printed microfibers with different geometries is constructed using a near-field electrostatic printing technique to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of geometry on stem cell function and bone regeneration. The scaffolds precisely mimicked cell dimensions with high porosity and interoperability. Compared with other spatial topography angles, microfibers with a 90° topology can significantly promote the expression of osteogenic gene proteins in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The effects of different spatial structures on the expression profiles of BMSCs differentiation genes are correlated and validated using microRNA sequencing. Enrichment analysis shows that the 90° microfibers promoted osteogenesis in BMSCs by significantly upregulating miR-222-5p/cbfb/Runx2 expression. The ability of the geometric architecture to promote bone regeneration, as assessed using the cranial defect model, demonstrates that the 90° fiber scaffolds significantly promote new bone regeneration and neovascular neural network formation. This study is the first to elucidate the relationship between angular geometry and cellular gene expression, contributing significantly to the understanding of how geometric architecture can promote stem cell differentiation, proliferation, and function for structural bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Qianhao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Qimanguli Saiding
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's HospitalShanghai200233P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
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6
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Kim HJ, Shin HR, Yoon H, Park MS, Kim BG, Moon JI, Kim WJ, Park SG, Kim KT, Kim HN, Choi JY, Ryoo HM. Peptidylarginine deiminase 2 plays a key role in osteogenesis by enhancing RUNX2 stability through citrullination. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:576. [PMID: 37648716 PMCID: PMC10468518 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptidylarginine deiminase (PADI) 2 catalyzes the post-translational conversion of peptidyl-arginine to peptidyl-citrulline in a process called citrullination. However, the precise functions of PADI2 in bone formation and homeostasis remain unknown. In this study, our objective was to elucidate the function and regulatory mechanisms of PADI2 in bone formation employing global and osteoblast-specific Padi2 knockout mice. Our findings demonstrate that Padi2 deficiency leads to the loss of bone mass and results in a cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) phenotype with delayed calvarial ossification and clavicular hypoplasia, due to impaired osteoblast differentiation. Mechanistically, Padi2 depletion significantly reduces RUNX2 levels, as PADI2-dependent stabilization of RUNX2 protected it from ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, we discovered that PADI2 binds to RUNX2 and citrullinates it, and identified ten PADI2-induced citrullination sites on RUNX2 through high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis. Among these ten citrullination sites, the R381 mutation in mouse RUNX2 isoform 1 considerably reduces RUNX2 levels, underscoring the critical role of citrullination at this residue in maintaining RUNX2 protein stability. In conclusion, these results indicate that PADI2 plays a distinct role in bone formation and osteoblast differentiation by safeguarding RUNX2 against proteasomal degradation. In addition, we demonstrate that the loss-of-function of PADI2 is associated with CCD, thereby providing a new target for the treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Shin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heein Yoon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Sang Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Gyu Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jae-I Moon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Gwa Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ha-Neui Kim
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research and Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Je-Yong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Skeletal Disease Analysis Center, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Che X, Jin X, Park NR, Kim HJ, Kyung HS, Kim HJ, Lian JB, Stein JL, Stein GS, Choi JY. Cbfβ Is a Novel Modulator against Osteoarthritis by Maintaining Articular Cartilage Homeostasis through TGF-β Signaling. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071064. [PMID: 37048137 PMCID: PMC10093452 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
TGF-β signaling is a vital regulator for maintaining articular cartilage homeostasis. Runx transcription factors, downstream targets of TGF-β signaling, have been studied in the context of osteoarthritis (OA). Although Runx partner core binding factor β (Cbfβ) is known to play a pivotal role in chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation, the role of Cbfβ in maintaining articular cartilage integrity remains obscure. This study investigated Cbfβ as a novel anabolic modulator of TGF-β signaling and determined its role in articular cartilage homeostasis. Cbfβ significantly decreased in aged mouse articular cartilage and human OA cartilage. Articular chondrocyte-specific Cbfb-deficient mice (Cbfb△ac/△ac) exhibited early cartilage degeneration at 20 weeks of age and developed OA at 12 months. Cbfb△ac/△ac mice showed enhanced OA progression under the surgically induced OA model in mice. Mechanistically, forced expression of Cbfβ rescued Type II collagen (Col2α1) and Runx1 expression in Cbfβ-deficient chondrocytes. TGF-β1-mediated Col2α1 expression failed despite the p-Smad3 activation under TGF-β1 treatment in Cbfβ-deficient chondrocytes. Cbfβ protected Runx1 from proteasomal degradation through Cbfβ/Runx1 complex formation. These results indicate that Cbfβ is a novel anabolic regulator for cartilage homeostasis, suggesting that Cbfβ could protect OA development by maintaining the integrity of the TGF-β signaling pathway in articular cartilage.
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8
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The roles of Runx1 in skeletal development and osteoarthritis: A concise review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12656. [PMID: 36636224 PMCID: PMC9830174 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor-1 (Runx1) is well known for its functions in hematopoiesis and leukemia but recent research has focused on its role in skeletal development and osteoarthritis (OA). Deficiency of the Runx1 gene is fatal in early embryonic development, and specific knockout of Runx1 in cell lineages of cartilage and bone leads to delayed cartilage formation and impaired bone calcification. Runx1 can regulate genes including collagen type II (Col2a1) and X (Col10a1), SRY-box transcription factor 9 (Sox9), aggrecan (Acan) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), and the up-regulation of Runx1 improves the homeostasis of the whole joint, even in the pathological state. Moreover, Runx1 is activated as a response to mechanical compression, but impaired in the joint with the pathological progress associated with osteoarthritis. Therefore, interpretation about the role of Runx1 could enlarge our understanding of key marker genes in the skeletal development and an increased understanding of Runx1 could be helpful to identify treatments for osteoarthritis. This review provides the most up-to-date advances in the roles and bio-mechanisms of Runx1 in healthy joints and osteoarthritis from all currently published articles and gives novel insights in therapeutic approaches to OA based on Runx1.
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9
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Che X, Park NR, Jin X, Jung YK, Han MS, Park CY, Chun JS, Kim SG, Jin J, Kim HJ, Lian JB, Stein JL, Stein GS, Choi JY. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2α is a novel inhibitor of chondrocyte maturation. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6963-6973. [PMID: 33748969 PMCID: PMC8662706 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic environment is essential for chondrocyte maturation and longitudinal bone growth. Although hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (Hif-1α) has been known as a key player for chondrocyte survival and function, the function of Hif-2α in cartilage is mechanistically and clinically relevant but remains unknown. Here we demonstrated that Hif-2α was a novel inhibitor of chondrocyte maturation through downregulation of Runx2 stability. Mechanistically, Hif-2α binding to Runx2 inhibited chondrocyte maturation by Runx2 degradation through disrupting Runx2/Cbfβ complex formation. The Hif-2α-mediated-Runx2 degradation could be rescued by Cbfβ transfection due to the increase of Runx2/Cbfβ complex formation. Consistently, mesenchymal cells derived from Hif-2α heterozygous mice were more rapidly differentiated into hypertrophic chondrocytes than those of wild-type mice in a micromass culture system. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Hif-2α is a novel inhibitor for chondrocyte maturation by disrupting Runx2/Cbfβ complex formation and consequential regulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguo Che
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944 Korea
| | - Na-Rae Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944 Korea
| | - Xian Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944 Korea
| | - Youn-Kwan Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944 Korea
| | - Min-Su Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944 Korea
| | - Clara Yongjoo Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- Cell Dynamics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seong-Gon Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingchun Jin
- Department of Immunology of Yanbian University Hospital, 133000, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hyun-Ju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944 Korea
| | - Jane B. Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Brulington, VT 05405, U.S.A
| | - Janet L. Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Brulington, VT 05405, U.S.A
| | - Gary S. Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Brulington, VT 05405, U.S.A
| | - Je-Yong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944 Korea
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10
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Guo T, Xing Y, Chen Z, Wang X, Zhu H, Yang L, Yan Y. Core-binding factor beta is required for osteoblast differentiation during fibula fracture healing. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:313. [PMID: 33990210 PMCID: PMC8120848 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02410-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence has implicated core-binding factor beta (Cbfb) as a contributor to osteoblast differentiation, which plays a key role in fracture healing. Herein, we aimed to assess whether Cbfb affects osteoblast differentiation after fibula fracture. Methods Initially, we established a Cbfb conditional knockout mouse model for subsequent studies. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and collagen II in the fracture end. Next, we isolated and cultured osteoblasts from specific Cbfb conditional knockout mice for BrdU analysis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and von Kossa staining to detect osteoblast viability, differentiation, and mineralization, respectively. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to detect the expression of osteoblast differentiation-related genes. Results The Cbfb conditional knockout mice exhibited downregulated expression of PCNA and collagen II, reduced ALP activity, and mineralization, as well as diminished expression of osteoblast differentiation-related genes. Further, Cbfb knockout exerted no obvious effects on osteoblast proliferation. Conclusions Overall, these results substantiated that Cbfb could promote fibula fracture healing and osteoblast differentiation and thus provided a promising therapeutic target for clinical treatment of fibula fracture. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-021-02410-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanmao Guo
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Xing
- The Pharmacy Department, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, 712000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongning Chen
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Zhu
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, 712000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yan
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, People's Republic of China
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11
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Zhang X, Dong Y, Dong H, Cui Y, Du Q, Wang X, Li L, Zhang H. Telmisartan Mitigates TNF-α-Induced Type II Collagen Reduction by Upregulating SOX-9. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:11756-11761. [PMID: 34056329 PMCID: PMC8154015 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), such as type II collagen in chondrocytes, plays an important role in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Telmisartan, an angiotensin II (Ang-II) receptor blocker, is a licensed drug used for the treatment of hypertension. However, the effects of Telmisartan in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced damage to chondrocytes and the progression of OA are unknown. In this study, we found that treatment with Telmisartan attenuated TNF-α-induced oxidative stress by reducing the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the production of protein carbonyl in human C28/I2 chondrocytes. Interestingly, Telmisartan inhibited TNF-α-induced expression and secretions of proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1). Notably, stimulation with TNF-α reduced the levels of type II collagen at both the mRNA and the protein levels, which was rescued by the treatment with Telmisartan. Mechanistically, we found that Telmisartan restored TNF-α-induced reduction of SOX-9. Silencing of SOX-9 blocked the inhibitory effects of Telmisartan against TNF-α-induced degradation of type II collagen. These findings suggest that Telmisartan might be a potential and promising agent for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Zhang
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zibo Central
Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Yanfeng Dong
- Department
of Cardiology, Zhangdian District peopleundefineds
Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Hanyu Dong
- Department
of Endocrinology, Zibo Maternal and Child
Health Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Yanhui Cui
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zibo Central
Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Qing Du
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zibo Central
Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zibo Central
Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zibo Central
Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Hongju Zhang
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zibo Central
Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
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12
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Kim BS, Shin HR, Kim HJ, Yoon H, Cho YD, Choi KY, Choi JY, Kim WJ, Ryoo HM. Septal chondrocyte hypertrophy contributes to midface deformity in a mouse model of Apert syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7979. [PMID: 33846505 PMCID: PMC8041873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Midface hypoplasia is a major manifestation of Apert syndrome. However, the tissue component responsible for midface hypoplasia has not been elucidated. We studied mice with a chondrocyte-specific Fgfr2S252W mutation (Col2a1-cre; Fgfr2S252W/+) to investigate the effect of cartilaginous components in midface hypoplasia of Apert syndrome. In Col2a1-cre; Fgfr2S252W/+ mice, skull shape was normal at birth, but hypoplastic phenotypes became evident with age. General dimensional changes of mutant mice were comparable with those of mice with mutations in EIIa-cre; Fgfr2S252W/+, a classic model of Apert syndrome in mice. Col2a1-cre; Fgfr2S252W/+ mice showed some unique facial phenotypes, such as elevated nasion, abnormal fusion of the suture between the premaxilla and the vomer, and decreased perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone volume, which are related to the development of the nasal septal cartilage. Morphological and histological examination revealed that the presence of increased septal chondrocyte hypertrophy and abnormal thickening of nasal septum is causally related to midface deformities in nasal septum-associated structures. Our results suggest that careful examination and surgical correction of the nasal septal cartilage may improve the prognosis in the surgical treatment of midface hypoplasia and respiratory problems in patients with Apert syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Soo Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Shin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heein Yoon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Dan Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang-Young Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Je-Yong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Skeletal Disease Analysis Center, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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13
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Li G, Zhang M, Huang Y, Yang J, Dong L, Shi H, Li L, Liu R, Li J. The relationship between abnormal Core binding factor-β expression in human cartilage and osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:174. [PMID: 33573620 PMCID: PMC7879671 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the effect of abnormal Core binding factor-β expression on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of chondrocytes, and elucidate the relationship between Core binding factor-β and osteoarthritis-related markers and degenerative joint disease. Methods Cartilage tissues, from healthy subjects and patients with osteoarthritis, were collected for histology and expression of Core binding factor-β, MMP-13, IL-1β, COMP, and YKL-40. Human articular chondrocytes were cultured in vitro, and a viral vector was constructed to regulate cellular Core binding factor-β expression. Cellular proliferation and apoptosis were observed, and osteoarthritis-related inflammatory factor expression and cartilage metabolite synthesis assayed. Results Human osteoarthritis lesions had disordered cartilage structure and cellular arrangement, and increased emptying of cartilage lacunae. Normal cell counts were significantly reduced, cartilage extracellular matrix was obviously damaged, and type II collagen expression was significantly decreased. Core binding factor-β was highly expressed in the osteoarthritis cartilage (p < 0.001), and MMP-13, IL-1β, COMP and YKL-40 expression were greater than found in normal cartilage (p < 0.001). Cellular proliferation in the Core binding factor-β high-expression group was reduced and the total apoptosis rate was increased (p < 0.05), while the opposite was found in the Core binding factor-β inhibition group (p < 0.01). Compared with normal chondrocytes, high Core binding factor-β expression (Osteoarthritis and CBFB/pCDH groups) was associated with significantly increased MMP13, IL-1β, COMP and YKL-40 protein expression (p < 0.01), while Core binding factor-β inhibition (CBFB/pLKO.1 group) was associated with significantly decreased COMP, MMP13, IL-1β and YKL-40 expression in osteoarthritis cells (p < 0.001). Conclusions Abnormal Core binding factor-β expression might play an upstream regulatory role in mediating abnormal chondrocyte apoptosis and the inflammatory response. On inhibiting Core binding factor-β expression, a delay in cartilage degeneration was expected. Trial registration The study was registered for clinical trials in ChiCTR: ChiCTR1800017066 (Reg. Date-2018/7/10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiafei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lianghong Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Riguang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiangwei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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14
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Kang DW, Hwang WC, Noh YN, Che X, Lee SH, Jang Y, Choi KY, Choi JY, Min DS. Deletion of phospholipase D1 decreases bone mass and increases fat mass via modulation of Runx2, β-catenin-osteoprotegerin, PPAR-γ and C/EBPα signaling axis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166084. [PMID: 33497821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In osteoporosis, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) prefer to differentiate into adipocytes at the expense of osteoblasts. Although the balance between adipogenesis and osteogenesis has been closely examined, the mechanism of commitment determination switch is unknown. Here we demonstrate that phospholipase D1 (PLD1) plays a key switch in determining the balance between bone and fat mass. Ablation of Pld1 reduced bone mass but increased fat in mice. Mechanistically, Pld1/- MSCs inhibited osteoblast differentiaion with diminished Runx2 expression, while osteoclast differentiation was accelerated in Pld1-/- bone marrow-derived macrophages. Pld1-/- osteoblasts showed decreased expression of osteogenic makers. Increased number and resorption activity of osteoclasts in Pld1-/- mice were corroborated with upregulation of osteoclastogenic markers. Moreover, Pld1-/- osteoblasts reduced β-catenin mediated-osteoprotegerin (OPG) with increased RANKL/OPG ratio which resulted in accelerated osteoclast differentiation. Thus, low bone mass with upregulated osteoclasts could be due to the contribution of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone remodeling. Moreover, ablation of Pld1 further increased bone loss in ovariectomized mice, suggesting that PLD1 is a negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, loss of PLD1 increased adipogenesis, body fat mass, and hepatic steatosis along with upregulation of PPAR-γ and C/EBPα. Interestingly, adipocyte-specific Pld1 transgenic mice rescued the compromised phenotypes of fat mass and adipogenesis in Pld1 knockout mice. Collectively, PLD1 regulated the bifurcating pathways of mesenchymal cell lineage into increased osteogenesis and decreased adipogenesis, which uncovered a previously unrecognized role of PLD1 in homeostasis between bone and fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woo Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Chan Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Na Noh
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiangguo Che
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Soung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Jang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Yell Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Yong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Sik Min
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Lv S, Xu J, Chen L, Wu H, Feng W, Zheng Y, Li P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Chi G, Li Y. MicroRNA-27b targets CBFB to inhibit differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into hypertrophic chondrocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:392. [PMID: 32917285 PMCID: PMC7488425 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have chondrocyte differentiation potential and are considered to be a cell source for cell-transplantation-mediated repair of cartilage defects, including those associated with osteoarthritis (OA). However, chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation is a major obstacle for the application of hBMSCs in articular cartilage defect treatment. We have previously shown that microRNA-27b (miR-27b) inhibits hypertrophy of chondrocytes from rat knee cartilage. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-27b in chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation of hBMSCs. Methods Chondrogenic marker and microRNA expression in hBMSC chondrogenic pellets were evaluated using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The hBMSCs were transfected with miR-27b before inducing differentiation. Gene and protein expression levels were analyzed using RT-qPCR and western blot. Coimmunoprecipitation was used to confirm interaction between CBFB and RUNX2. Luciferase reporter assays were used to demonstrate that CBFB is a miR-27b target. Chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated in hBMSCs treated with shRNA targeting CBFB. Chondrogenic hBMSC pellets overexpressing miR-27b were implanted into cartilage lesions in model rats; therapeutic effects were assessed based on histology and immunohistochemistry. Results The hBMSCs showed typical MSC differentiation potentials. During chondrogenic differentiation, collagen 2 and 10 (COL2 and COL10), SOX9, and RUNX2 expression was upregulated. Expression of miR-140, miR-143, and miR-181a increased over time, whereas miR-27b and miR-221 were downregulated. Cartilage derived from hBMSC and overexpressing miR-27b exhibited higher expression of COL2 and SOX9, but lower expression of COL10, RUNX2, and CBFB than did the control cartilage. CBFB and RUNX2 formed a complex, and CBFB was identified as a novel miR-27b target. CBFB knockdown by shRNA during hBMSC chondrogenic differentiation led to significantly increased COL2 and SOX9 expression and decreased COL10 expression. Finally, miR-27b-overexpressing hBMSC chondrogenic pellets had better hyaline cartilage morphology and reduced expression of hypertrophic markers and tend to increase repair efficacy in vivo. Conclusion MiR-27b plays an important role in preventing hypertrophic chondrogenesis of hBMSCs by targeting CBFB and is essential for maintaining a hyaline cartilage state. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of hBMSC chondrocyte differentiation and will aid in the development of strategies for treating cartilage injury based on hBMSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinying Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lin Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Bone and Joint, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yangyang Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Pengdong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guangfan Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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16
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Transglutaminase-2 regulates Wnt and FoxO3a signaling to determine the severity of osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13228. [PMID: 32764573 PMCID: PMC7410847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), also known as tissue transglutaminase, is a calcium-dependent enzyme that has a variety of intracellular and extracellular substrates. TG2 not only increases in osteoarthritis (OA) tissue but also affects the progression of OA. However, it is still unclear how TG2 affects cartilage degradation in OA at the molecular level. Surgically induced OA lead to an increase of TG2 in the articular cartilage and growth plate, and it was dependent on TGFβ1 in primary chondrocytes. The inhibition of TG2 enzymatic activity with intra-articular injection of ZDON, the peptide-based specific TG2 inhibitor, ameliorated the severity of surgically induced OA as well as the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13. ZDON attenuated MMP-3 and MMP-13 expression in TGFβ- and calcium ionophore-treated chondrocytes in a Runx2-independent manner. TG2 inhibition with ZDON suppressed canonical Wnt signaling through a reduction of β-catenin, which was mediated by ubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation. In addition, TG2 activation by a calcium ionophore enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK and FoxO3a and the nuclear translocation of FoxO3a, which was responsible for the increase in MMP-13. In conclusion, TG2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OA as a major catabolic mediator that affects the stability of β-catenin and FoxO3a-mediated MMP-13 production.
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17
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Fan W, Yuan L, Li J, Wang Z, Chen J, Guo C, Mo X, Yan Z. Injectable double-crosslinked hydrogels with kartogenin-conjugated polyurethane nano-particles and transforming growth factor β3 for in-situ cartilage regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110705. [PMID: 32204019 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage has a limited ability for self-repair after injury. Implantation of scaffolds functionalized with bioactive molecules that could induce the migration and chondrogenesis of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provides a convenient alternative for in-situ cartilage regeneration. In this study, we found the synergistic effects of kartogenin (KGN) and transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3) on chondrogenesis of MSCs in vitro, indicating that KGN and TGF-β3 are a good match for cartilage regeneration. Furthermore, we confirmed that KGN promoted the chondrogenesis of MSCs through attenuating the degradation of Runx1, which physically interacted with p-Smad3 in nuclei of MSCs. Meanwhile, we designed an injectable double-crosslinked hydrogel with superior mechanical property and longer support for cartilage regeneration by modifying sodium alginate and gelatin. When loaded with KGN conjugated polyurethane nanoparticles (PN-KGN) and TGF-β3, this hydrogel showed biological functions by the release of KGN and TGF-β3, which promoted the MSC migration and cartilage regeneration in one system. In conclusion, the cell-free hydrogel, along with PN-KGN and TGF-β3, provides a promising strategy for cartilage repair by attracting endogenous MSCs and inducing chondrogenesis of recruited cells in a single-step procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liu Yuan
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Lab, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jinghuan Li
- Department of Hepatic Oncology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jifei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Changan Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Lab, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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18
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Alegre F, Ormonde AR, Godinez DR, Illendula A, Bushweller JH, Wittenburg LA. The interaction between RUNX2 and core binding factor beta as a potential therapeutic target in canine osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:52-63. [PMID: 31381810 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma remains the most common primary bone tumour in dogs with half of affected dogs unable to survive 1 year beyond diagnosis. New therapeutic options are needed to improve outcomes for this disease. Recent investigations into potential therapeutic targets have focused on cell surface molecules with little clear therapeutic benefit. Transcription factors and protein interactions represent underdeveloped areas of therapeutic drug development. We have utilized allosteric inhibitors of the core binding factor transcriptional complex, comprised of core binding factor beta (CBFβ) and RUNX2, in four canine osteosarcoma cell lines Active inhibitor compounds demonstrate anti-tumour activities with concentrations demonstrated to be achievable in vivo while an inactive, structural analogue has no activity. We show that CBFβ inhibitors are capable of inducing apoptosis, inhibiting clonogenic cell growth, altering cell cycle progression and impeding migration and invasion in a cell line-dependent manner. These effects coincide with a reduced interaction between RUNX2 and CBFβ and alterations in expression of RUNX2 target genes. We also show that addition of CBFβ inhibitors to the commonly used cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs doxorubicin and carboplatin leads to additive and/or synergistic anti-proliferative effects in canine osteosarcoma cell lines. Taken together, we have identified the interaction between components of the core binding factor transcriptional complex, RUNX2 and CBFβ, as a potential novel therapeutic target in canine osteosarcoma and provide justification for further investigations into the anti-tumour activities we describe here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alegre
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Amanda R Ormonde
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Dayn R Godinez
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Anuradha Illendula
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - John H Bushweller
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Luke A Wittenburg
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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19
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Ma L, Duan CC, Yang ZQ, Ding JL, Liu S, Yue ZP, Guo B. Crosstalk between Activin A and Shh signaling contributes to the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. Bone 2019; 123:176-188. [PMID: 30928640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation are crucial for endochondral ossification and strictly regulated by numerous signaling molecules and transcription factors, but the hierarchical regulatory network remains to be deciphered. The present study emphasized the interplay of Activin A, Foxa, Notch and Shh signaling in the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. We found that Activin A promoted chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and accelerated the transition of cell cycle from G1 into S phase along with the activation of Notch and Shh signaling whose blockage attenuated above function of Activin A. Inhibition of Notch pathway by DAPT led to a significant reduction in the expression of Shh signaling molecules, whereas addition of exogenous rShh rescued the delayed onset of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation elicited by DAPT, indicating that Notch pathway is upstream of Shh signaling. Further analysis evidenced that DAPT attenuated the activation of Activin A on Shh signaling. Simultaneously, Foxa transcription factors were downstream targets of Shh signaling in chondrocyte differentiation. Moreover, Shh pathway played an important role in the crosstalk between Activin A-Notch signaling and Foxa. Collectively, Shh signaling may act downstream of Notch pathway to mediate the effects of Activin A on the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes through targeting Foxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Cui-Cui Duan
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Zhan-Qing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jun-Li Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Shu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
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20
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Zhang C, Feinberg D, Alharbi M, Ding Z, Lu C, O’Connor JP, Graves DT. Chondrocytes Promote Vascularization in Fracture Healing Through a FOXO1-Dependent Mechanism. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:547-556. [PMID: 30347467 PMCID: PMC6414243 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocytes play an essential role in fracture healing by producing cartilage, which forms an anlage for endochondral ossification that stabilizes the healing fracture callus. More recently it has been appreciated that chondrocytes have the capacity to produce factors that may affect the healing process. We examined the role of chondrocytes in angiogenesis during fracture healing and the role of the transcription factor forkhead box-O 1 (FOXO1), which upregulates wound healing in soft tissue. Closed fractures were induced in experimental mice with lineage-specific FOXO1 deletion by Cre recombinase under the control of a collagen-2α1 promoter element (Col2α1Cre+ FOXO1L/L ) and Cre recombinase negative control littermates containing flanking loxP sites (Col2α1Cre- FOXO1L/L ). Experimental mice had significantly reduced CD31+ new vessel formation. Deletion of FOXO1 in chondrocytes in vivo suppressed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) at both the protein and mRNA levels. Overexpression of FOXO1 in chondrocytes in vitro increased VEGFA mRNA levels and VEGFA transcriptional activity whereas silencing FOXO1 reduced it. Moreover, FOXO1 interacted directly with the VEGFA promoter and a deacetylated FOXO1 mutant enhanced VEGFA expression whereas an acetylated FOXO1 mutant did not. Lastly, FOXO1 knockdown by siRNA significantly reduced the capacity of chondrocytes to stimulate microvascular endothelial cell tube formation in vitro. The results indicate that chondrocytes play a key role in angiogenesis which is FOXO1 dependent and that FOXO1 in chondrocytes regulates a potent angiogenic factor, VEGFA. These studies provide new insight into fracture healing given the important role of vessel formation in the fracture repair process. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citong Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Implantology, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Daniel Feinberg
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohammed Alharbi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Zhenjiang Ding
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Chanyi Lu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Patrick O’Connor
- Department of Orthopaedics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Dana T Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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21
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Zhang H, Yang Z, Duan C, Geng S, Wang K, Yu H, Yue Z, Guo B. WNT4 acts downstream of BMP2 to mediate the regulation of ATRA signaling on RUNX1 expression: Implications for terminal differentiation of antler chondrocytes. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1129-1145. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Liang Zhang
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Zhan‐Qing Yang
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Cui‐Cui Duan
- Institute of Agro‐food TechnologyJilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchunP. R. China
| | - Shuang Geng
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Hai‐Fan Yu
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Zhan‐Peng Yue
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
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22
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Ampuja M, Rantapero T, Rodriguez-Martinez A, Palmroth M, Alarmo EL, Nykter M, Kallioniemi A. Integrated RNA-seq and DNase-seq analyses identify phenotype-specific BMP4 signaling in breast cancer. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:68. [PMID: 28077088 PMCID: PMC5225521 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) plays an important role in cancer pathogenesis. In breast cancer, it reduces proliferation and increases migration in a cell line-dependent manner. To characterize the transcriptional mediators of these phenotypes, we performed RNA-seq and DNase-seq analyses after BMP4 treatment in MDA-MB-231 and T-47D breast cancer cells that respond to BMP4 with enhanced migration and decreased cell growth, respectively. Results The RNA-seq data revealed gene expression changes that were consistent with the in vitro phenotypes of the cell lines, particularly in MDA-MB-231, where migration-related processes were enriched. These results were confirmed when enrichment of BMP4-induced open chromatin regions was analyzed. Interestingly, the chromatin in transcription start sites of differentially expressed genes was already open in unstimulated cells, thus enabling rapid recruitment of transcription factors to the promoters as a response to stimulation. Further analysis and functional validation identified MBD2, CBFB, and HIF1A as downstream regulators of BMP4 signaling. Silencing of these transcription factors revealed that MBD2 was a consistent activator of target genes in both cell lines, CBFB an activator in cells with reduced proliferation phenotype, and HIF1A a repressor in cells with induced migration phenotype. Conclusions Integrating RNA-seq and DNase-seq data showed that the phenotypic responses to BMP4 in breast cancer cell lines are reflected in transcriptomic and chromatin levels. We identified and experimentally validated downstream regulators of BMP4 signaling that relate to the different in vitro phenotypes and thus demonstrate that the downstream BMP4 response is regulated in a cell type-specific manner. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3428-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ampuja
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland. .,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
| | - T Rantapero
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - A Rodriguez-Martinez
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Palmroth
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - E L Alarmo
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Nykter
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - A Kallioniemi
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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23
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Yang ZQ, Zhang HL, Duan CC, Geng S, Wang K, Yu HF, Yue ZP, Guo B. IGF1 regulates RUNX1 expression via IRS1/2: Implications for antler chondrocyte differentiation. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:522-532. [PMID: 28055425 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1274471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although IGF1 is important for the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes, its underlying molecular mechanism is still unknown. Here we addressed the physiologic function of IGF1 in antler cartilage and explored the interplay of IGF1, IRS1/2 and RUNX1 in chondrocyte differentiation. The results showed that IGF1 was highly expressed in antler chondrocytes. Exogenous rIGF1 could increase the proliferation of chondrocytes and cell proportion in the S phase, whereas IGF1R inhibitor PQ401 abrogated the induction by rIGF1. Simultaneously, IGF1 could stimulate the expression of IHH which was a well-known marker for prehypertrophic chondrocytes. Further analysis evidenced that IGF1 regulated the expression of IRS1/2 whose silencing resulted in a rise of IHH mRNA levels, but the regulation was impeded by PQ401. Knockdown of IRS1 or IRS2 with specific siRNA could greatly enhance rIGF1-induced chondrocyte differentiation and reduce the expression of RUNX1. Extraneous rRUNX1 might rescue the effects of IRS1 or IRS2 siRNA on the differentiation. In antler chondrocytes, IGF1 played a role in modulating the expression of RUNX1 through IGF1R. Moreover, attenuation of RUNX1 expression advanced the differentiation elicited by rIGF1, while administration of rRUNX1 to chondrocytes treated with IGF1 siRNA or PQ401 reduced their differentiation. Additionally, siRNA-mediated downregulation of IRS1 or IRS2 in the chondrocytes impaired the interaction between IGF1 and RUNX1. Collectively, IGF1 could promote the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. Furthermore, IRS1/2 might act downstream of IGF1 to regulate chondrocyte differentiation through targeting RUNX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Qing Yang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Zhang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Cui-Cui Duan
- b Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Shuang Geng
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Hai-Fan Yu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yue
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun , P. R. China
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24
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Liu CF, Samsa WE, Zhou G, Lefebvre V. Transcriptional control of chondrocyte specification and differentiation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 62:34-49. [PMID: 27771362 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A milestone in the evolutionary emergence of vertebrates was the invention of cartilage, a tissue that has key roles in modeling, protecting and complementing the bony skeleton. Cartilage is elaborated and maintained by chondrocytes. These cells derive from multipotent skeletal progenitors and they perform highly specialized functions as they proceed through sequential lineage commitment and differentiation steps. They form cartilage primordia, the primary skeleton of the embryo. They then transform these primordia either into cartilage growth plates, temporary drivers of skeletal elongation and endochondral ossification, or into permanent tissues, namely articular cartilage. Chondrocyte fate decisions and differentiated activities are controlled by numerous extrinsic and intrinsic cues, and they are implemented at the gene expression level by transcription factors. The latter are the focus of this review. Meritorious efforts from many research groups have led over the last two decades to the identification of dozens of key chondrogenic transcription factors. These regulators belong to all types of transcription factor families. Some have master roles at one or several differentiation steps. They include SOX9 and RUNX2/3. Others decisively assist or antagonize the activities of these masters. They include TWIST1, SOX5/6, and MEF2C/D. Many more have tissue-patterning roles and regulate cell survival, proliferation and the pace of cell differentiation. They include, but are not limited to, homeodomain-containing proteins and growth factor signaling mediators. We here review current knowledge of all these factors, one superclass, class, and family at a time. We then compile all knowledge into transcriptional networks. We also identify remaining gaps in knowledge and directions for future research to fill these gaps and thereby provide novel insights into cartilage disease mechanisms and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Feng Liu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - William E Samsa
- Department of Orthopaedics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Véronique Lefebvre
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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25
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Chondrocyte Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26035-54. [PMID: 26528972 PMCID: PMC4661802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a highly-regulated, active process of cell death involved in development, homeostasis and aging. Dysregulation of apoptosis leads to pathological states, such as cancer, developmental anomalies and degenerative diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common chronic joint disease in the elderly population, is characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, resulting in significant disability. Because articular cartilage depends solely on its resident cells, the chondrocytes, for the maintenance of extracellular matrix, the compromising of chondrocyte function and survival would lead to the failure of the articular cartilage. The role of subchondral bone in the maintenance of proper cartilage matrix has been suggested as well, and it has been proposed that both articular cartilage and subchondral bone interact with each other in the maintenance of articular integrity and physiology. Some investigators include both articular cartilage and subchondral bone as targets for repairing joint degeneration. In late-stage OA, the cartilage becomes hypocellular, often accompanied by lacunar emptying, which has been considered as evidence that chondrocyte death is a central feature in OA progression. Apoptosis clearly occurs in osteoarthritic cartilage; however, the relative contribution of chondrocyte apoptosis in the pathogenesis of OA is difficult to evaluate, and contradictory reports exist on the rate of apoptotic chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage. It is not clear whether chondrocyte apoptosis is the inducer of cartilage degeneration or a byproduct of cartilage destruction. Chondrocyte death and matrix loss may form a vicious cycle, with the progression of one aggravating the other, and the literature reveals that there is a definite correlation between the degree of cartilage damage and chondrocyte apoptosis. Because current treatments for OA act only on symptoms and do not prevent or cure OA, chondrocyte apoptosis would be a valid target to modulate cartilage degeneration.
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