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Vani, Kriplani P, Dhingra A, Chopra B, Singh Grewal A, Deswal G, Dass R, Guarve K. Liposomes: An Emerging Strategy for the Effective Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:CRR-EPUB-138928. [PMID: 38441022 DOI: 10.2174/0115733971284274240215064826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A Liposomal delivery system is a novel and distinguishing way of organized medicine administration. The advancements in liposomal technology allow for controlled drug distribution to treat rheumatoid arthritis effectively. Liposomes are microscopic lipid-based vesicles that have shown promise in transporting substances, such as superoxide dismutase, hemoglobin, erythrocyte interleukin-2, gamma interferon, and smaller compounds. OBJECTIVE Liposomes are biocompatible, nontoxic, biodegradable, non-immunogenic, and flexible, with sizes ranging from 0.025 to 2.5 micrometers. LDS is normally employed to distribute drugs through topical conduits, but fresh investigation has shown that it offers promise for oral, ocular, and parenteral administration. Our major objective is to gather information about liposomes, focusing on their applicability in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. METHODS In the current review, we have tried to cover the preparation techniques, clinical trials, patents, marketed formulations, vesicle types, formulations used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other ailments, and layered liposomal formulations with improved characteristics. CONCLUSION Research has established LDS as a biocompatible, sustainable, non-toxic, adaptable material. Researchers working on LDS technology in rheumatoid arthritis will find this review particularly useful as it may unclutter novel ways for therapeutic intercessions in treating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani Dhingra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Geeta Deswal
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Rameshwar Dass
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
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Kashyap S, Kamboj S, Kamboj R, Guarve K, Kamboj S. Edible Vaccines: A Patent-Driven Exploration of Immunization Technologies. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2024; 18:BIOT-EPUB-137883. [PMID: 38279742 DOI: 10.2174/0118722083275041231219060829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Vaccines are biological preparations that improve immunity to particular diseases. Particularly for poor developing nations, edible vaccines show significant potential as a financially advantageous, simple to administer, straightforward to store, fail-safe, and socially and culturally acceptable vaccine delivery system. A vaccine incorporates the gene-encoding bacterial or viral disease-causing agent in plants without losing its immunogenic property. Potatoes, tomatoes, rice, soybeans, and bananas are the primary plants for edible vaccines. It activates the systemic and mucosal immunity responses against a foreign disease-causing organism. It offers exciting possibilities to reduce diseases like hepatitis B, rabies, HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome), etc. These vaccines provide many benefits, like being convenient to administer, efficiently storing, and readily acceptable drug delivery systems for patients of different age groups. So, an edible vaccine may be the most convenient vaccine to improve immunity. However, there are a lot of technical and regulatory challenges to overcome in the way of edible vaccine technology. Though all seem surmountable, various technical obstacles and regulatory and non-scientific challenges need to be overcome. Moreover, edible vaccine patents represent a cutting-edge area of biotechnology, where the integration of genetic material into edible substances holds great promise for revolutionizing vaccination methods. These patents aim to harness the potential of plants and other edibles to stimulate immune responses, offering a potential alternative to traditional injectable vaccines. This review states the technologies, host plants, current status, recent patents, the future of this new preventive modality, and different regulatory issues concerning edible vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Kashyap
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Shikha Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Sweta Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
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Kamboj S, Sharma P, Kamboj R, Kamboj S, Hari Om, Girija, Guarve K, Dutt R, Verma I, Dua K, Rani N. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phytoconstituents for Addressing Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:CNSAMC-EPUB-137706. [PMID: 38265386 DOI: 10.2174/0118715249273015231225091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorder is a serious condition that is caused by abnormal or no neurological function. Neurodegenerative disease is a major growing cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in the elderly. After World War Ⅱ, eugenics term was exterminated from medicines. Neurodegenerative disease is a genetically inherited disease. Lifestyle changes, environmental factors, and genetic modification, together or alone, are involved in the occurrence of this disorder. The major examples of neurodegenerative disorders are Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, in which apoptosis and necrosis are the two major death pathways for neurons. It has been determined from various studies that the etiology of the neurodegenerative disease involves the role of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant defence system, which are prime factors associated with the activation of signal transduction pathway that is responsible for the formation of synuclein in the brain and manifestation of toxic reactions in the form of functional abnormality, which ultimately leads to the dysfunction of neuronal pathway or cell. There has not been much success in the discovery of effective therapy to treat neurodegenerative diseases because the main cause of abnormal functioning or death of neurons is not well known. However, the use of natural products that are derived from plants has effective therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative disease. The natural compounds with medicinal properties to prevent neurological dysfunction are curcumin, wolfberry, ginseng, and Withania somnifera. The selection and use of natural compounds are based on their strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties against neurodegenerative disease. Herbal products have active constituents that play an important role in the prevention of communication errors between neurons and neurotransmitters and their respective receptors in the brain, which influence their function. Considering this, natural products have great potential against neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews the natural compounds used to treat neurodegenerative diseases and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hari Om
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, India
| | - Girija
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, India
| | | | - Rohit Dutt
- Gandhi Memorial National College, Ambala, India
| | | | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy Graduate of Technology, Australia
| | - Nidhi Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, India
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Devi V, Deswal G, Dass R, Chopra B, Kriplani P, Grewal AS, Guarve K, Dhingra AK. Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Effectiveness of Quercetin: A Dietary Supplement. Recent Adv Food Nutr Agric 2024; 15:RAFNA-EPUB-137620. [PMID: 38258783 DOI: 10.2174/012772574x269376231107095831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables (like apples, citrus, grapes, onions, parsley, etc.) are the primary dietary sources of quercetin. In addition, isolated quercetin is also available on the market as a dietary supplement with a daily dose of up to 1000 mg/d. The objective of the present study is to explore the therapeutic potential and clinical efficacy of quercetin as a dietary supplement. The present paper highlights the safety parameters and clinical trial studies with several targets reviewed from the data available on PubMed, Science Direct, ClinicalTrails. gov, and from many reputed foundations. The results of the studies prove the unique position of quercetin in the treatment of various disorders and the possibility of using phytochemicals such as quercetin for an efficient cure. As evidenced by the numerous published reports on human interventions, it has been concluded that quercetin intake significantly improves disease conditions with minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Devi
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Geeta Deswal
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Rameshwar Dass
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Kriplani
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani K Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
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Grewal S, Tiwary N, Malik G, Garg M, Deswal G, Chopra B, Grewal AS, Dhingra AK, Guarve K. Decoding Therapeutic Applications of Quercetin: Recent Advancements in Nanotechnological Strategies. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:PNT-EPUB-137444. [PMID: 38317469 DOI: 10.2174/0122117385271262231114075737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
For centuries, people have used herbal medicine to treat a diversity of health complications and as a natural substance, they have a favourable effect on our health. Herbal ingredients can be utilized as lead molecules in the innovation and development of a new drug. Flavonoids are a class of chemical compounds with diverse phenolic structures, and they are found in a wide variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, cereals, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine. Quercetin is the most prevalent polyphenolic bioflavonoid or flavonoid. Quercetin is found in many food products and has demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological activities, including the treatment of allergies, ocular diseases, metabolic ailments, inflammatory illnesses, cardiovascular ailments and arthritis. Quercetin has attracted interest as an emerging pharmacophore with the potential to significantly advance research and the development of novel therapeutic medicines for a variety of diseases. Despite having a huge therapeutic potential, these flavonoids have unfavourable pharmacokinetic characteristics, low bioavailability, and poor solubility, limiting their application in therapeutics. The objective of the current study is to present a new update on the major therapeutic uses of quercetin and other types of nanocarriers that contain quercetin to treat various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Grewal
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Neha Tiwary
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Gaurav Malik
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Madhukar Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Geeta Deswal
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | | | | | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yamuna Nagar, India
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Kumar N, Khora A, Loomba R, Sharma N, Kumar A, Rana A, Kamboj R, Kamboj S, Guarve K, Guatam SP. COVID-19 Vaccination Program for Children: An Electronic Assessment of Symptoms. Curr Drug Saf 2024; 19:96-105. [PMID: 36999717 DOI: 10.2174/1574886318666230331085630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolution of COVID-19 vaccinations, which are mostly seen as crucial to curb the epidemic, is a result of remarkable and ground-breaking researches by scientists around the world. OBJECTIVE The main goal of this study was to identify the significant adverse reactions of these vaccines, specifically in Homo sapiens. METHODS In this research, a trial version of Qualtrics CoreXM software was used, and 18 questionnaires were prototyped as part of an online survey that was done in the northern part of India. RESULTS The dataset included survey responses from 286 vaccinated (Corbevax) respondents' samples detailing their demographics, daily activities, type of gastronomic preferences, and any prior illnesses. The data were collected between March 24, 2022, and April 26, 2022. After analysis, 70.98% of respondents who took the first dose of the medication experienced side effects, while 50.62% of respondents who took the second dose of the medication stated the same. The major side effects reported were injection site pain, fever, tiredness, body ache, headache, etc. CONCLUSION After conducting a poll on children (aged 12-18) who had received the COVID-19 vaccination, we concluded that immunizations rarely cause moderate side effects that are manageable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naman Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Arjun Khora
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Riya Loomba
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Kamboj
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Sweta Kamboj
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmaceutial Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Surya Prakash Guatam
- Department of Pharmaceutics Sciences, CT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shahpur Campus, Jalandhar (Pb.), India
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Arora D, Taneja Y, Sharma A, Dhingra A, Guarve K. Role of Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis: An Explicative Review. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:2-13. [PMID: 37670694 DOI: 10.2174/1573397119666230904150741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a complex regulatory, active cell death process that plays a role in cell development, homeostasis, and ageing. Cancer, developmental defects, and degenerative diseases are all pathogenic disorders caused by apoptosis dysregulation. Osteoarthritis (OA) is by far the most frequently diagnosed joint disease in the aged, and it is characterized by the ongoing breakdown of articular cartilage, which causes severe disability. Multiple variables regulate the anabolic and catabolic pathways of the cartilage matrix, which either directly or indirectly contribute to cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis. Articular cartilage is a highly specialized tissue made up of an extracellular matrix of cells that are tightly packed together. As a result, chondrocyte survival is crucial for the preservation of an optimal cartilage matrix, and chondrocyte characteristics and survival compromise may result in articular cartilage failure. Inflammatory cytokines can either promote or inhibit apoptosis, the process of programmed cell death. Pro-apoptotic cytokines like TNF-α can induce cell death, while anti-apoptotic cytokines like IL-4 and IL-10 protect against apoptosis. The balance between these cytokines plays a critical role in determining cell fate and has implications for tissue damage and disease progression. Similarly, they contribute to the progression of OA by disrupting the metabolic balance in joint tissues by promoting catabolic and anabolic pathways. Their impact on cell joints, as well as the impacts of cell signalling pathways on cytokines and inflammatory substances, determines their function in osteoarthritis development. Apoptosis is evident in osteoarthritic cartilage; however, determining the relative role of chondrocyte apoptosis in the aetiology of OA is difficult, and the rate of apoptotic chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage is inconsistent. The current study summarises the role of apoptosis in the development of osteoarthritis, the mediators, and signalling pathways that trigger the cascade of events, and the other inflammatory features involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepshi Arora
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
| | - Yugam Taneja
- Zeon Lifesciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, 173025, India
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
| | - Ashwani Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, 135001, India
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Aashima, Rathi M, Shilpi, Akash, Kaur K, Kriplani P, Guarve K. Chebulinic Acid: An Incipient Anticancer Agent. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2024; 19:298-307. [PMID: 37605424 DOI: 10.2174/1574892819666230821110429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) comprising chebulinic acid as its principle active constituent is used to cure various diseases. T. chebula and chebulinic acid are used as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimutagenic, radioprotective, cardioprotective, antiproliferative, antiarthritic, anticaries, and so on. OBJECTIVE The objective of this current study is to give an overview of the recent literature and patents of T. chebula and chebulinic acid including methods of its isolation/extraction and their application in the prevention of various cancers and other diseases. METHODS Present research and patents highlighting the anti-cancer potential of T. chebula and chebulinic acid have been studied and discussed keeping in view the scientific novelty and impact. RESULTS Both T. chebula and chebulinic acid are currently being explored for their anticancer potential in vitro and in vivo. They are either incorporated alone or in combination with other plants or drugs to show their activity and many clinical trials are also going on various potentials of the plant and chebulinic acid. Novel extraction techniques are also explored and patented. Efforts are being made to improve the bioavailability by developing Novel herbal drug delivery systems of the plant extract or chebulinic acid itself. CONCLUSION Anti-cancer potential of T. chebula and chebulinic acid may be well established by promising clinical trials and may open new interventions in various tumors. Clinical trials in conjunction with standard therapies are required to explore and validate the actual potential of T. chebula and chebulinic acid respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Mehak Rathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Shilpi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Akash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kamaljeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Kriplani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, 135001, Haryana, India
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Handa U, Malik A, Guarve K, Rani N, Sharma P. Supersaturation Behavior: Investigation of Polymers Impact on Nucleation Kinetic Profile for Rationalizing the Polymeric Precipitation Inhibitors. Curr Drug Deliv 2023; 21:CDD-EPUB-135679. [PMID: 37907490 DOI: 10.2174/0115672018261505231018100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although nucleation kinetic data is quite important for the concept of supersaturation behavior, its part in rationalizing the crystallization inhibitor has not been well understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the nucleation kinetic profile of Dextromethorphan HBr (as an ideal drug, BCS-II) by measuring liquid-liquid phase segregation, nucleation induction time, and Metastable Zone width. METHODS Surfeit action was examined by a superfluity assay of the drug. The concentration was scrutinized by light scattering techniques (UV spectrum (novel method) and Fluorometer (CL 53)). RESULTS The drug induction time was 20 min without polymer and 90 and 110 min with polymers, such as HPMC K15M and Xanthan Gum, respectively. Therefore, the order of the polymer's ability to inhibit nucleation was Xanthan Gum > HPMC K15M in the medium (7.4 pH). Similarly, the drug induction time was 30 min without polymer and 20, 110, and 90 min with polymers, such as Sodium CMC, HPMC K15M, and Xanthan Gum, respectively. Therefore, the order of the polymer's ability to inhibit nucleation was HPMC K15M > Xanthan Gum > Sodium CMC in SIFsp (6.8 pH), which synchronizes the polymer's potentiality to interdict the drug precipitation. CONCLUSION The HPMC K15M and xanthan Gum showed the best crystallization inhibitor effect for the maintenance of superfluity conditions till the drug absorption time. The xanthan gum is based on the "glider" concept, and this shows the novelty of this preliminary research. The screening methodology used for rationalizing the best polymers used in the superfluity formulations development successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uditi Handa
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, MM (DU), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana
| | - Anuj Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, MM (DU), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Nidhi Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Prerna Sharma
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
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Kaur A, Thakur S, Deswal G, Chopra B, Dhingra AK, Guarve K, Grewal AS. In silico docking based screening of constituents from Persian shallot as modulators of human glucokinase. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:547-570. [PMID: 37255832 PMCID: PMC10225407 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Small molecule glucokinase (GK) modulators not only decrease fasting and basal plasma sugar contents but also progress glucose tolerance. The hydro-ethanolic extract of the Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium Boiss.) decreased blood glucose, improved plasma insulin and amplified GK action. The present study was proposed to screen phytoconstituents from Persian shallot as human GK activators using in silico docking studies. Methods A total of 91 phytoconstituents reported in Persian shallot (A. hirtifolium Boiss.) were assessed in silico for the prediction of drug-like properties and molecular docking investigations were carried out with human GK using AutoDock vina with the aim of exploring the binding interactions between the phytoconstituents and GK enzyme followed by in silico prediction of toxicity. Results Almost all the phytoconstituents tested showed good pharmacokinetic parameters for oral bioavailability and drug-likeness. In the docking analysis, cinnamic acid, methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxy benzoate, quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1- > 4)-glucopyranoside, 5-hydroxy-methyl furfural, ethyl N-(O-anisyl) formimidate, 2-pyridinethione and ascorbic acid showed appreciable hydrogen bond and hydrophobic type interactions with the allosteric site residues of the GK enzyme. Conclusion These screened phytoconstituents may serve as promising hit molecules for further development of clinically beneficial and safe allosteric activators of the human GK enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Kaur
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana India
| | - Shivani Thakur
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana India
| | - Geeta Deswal
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana India
| | | | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana India
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Kriplani P, Singh H, Kamboj S, Guarve K. Puerarin: an Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Agent. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/1574892818666230111152024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective:
Puerarin is a well-known anti-inflammatory agent which has demonstrated its potential to cure numerous ailments. Though many plants are reported in the literature, still their mechanisms are unversed. In this review, numerous mechanisms of puerarin to cure cancer and other inflammatory disorders, pharmacokinetics and adverse events, and boulevards of further research are discussed.
Methods:
Organized research was done using ScienceDirect, PubMed, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Google Patents and ScienceDirect Medline to quest all the available data to date on puerarin. Different keywords used were “puerarin”, “Pueraria tuberosa”, “cancer”, “anti-inflammatory”, “cardiovascular”, “IBD”, “pharmacokinetics” etc.
Results:
One hundred thirty-six articles and thirteen patents were studied. Puerarin is reported to treat chronic problems like inflammation, sexual dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases and menaces such as colon, stomach, lung and breast cancer by numerous mechanisms, as these ailments do not progress via a single independent pathway.
Conclusion:
Conclusion: This article will definitely help budding researchers scrutinize the wealth of information on the therapeutic chattels of puerarin and identify the gaps that have forbidden its application as a potential molecule to cure various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Harinder Singh
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Sweta Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
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12
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Rana S, Tomar D, Kaushik P, Sharma P, Rani N, Guarve K. Targeted Approach to Enhance the Solubility of Weakly Soluble Drugs by Nanocrystal Technology. Pharm Nanotechnol 2023; 11:425-432. [PMID: 37150980 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230504115640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
About 90% of the newly discovered drugs are poorly soluble in water, to overcome this problem, nanocrystal technology is used. Nanocrystal technology is a modern technique that is specially used to increase the solubility of less soluble drugs. Production of a nanocrystal on a large scale can be done by techniques like homogenization (high-pressure), precipitation, and milling methods. Using this technique, saturation solubility, the adhesiveness of a drug molecule to the surface cell, and the dissolution velocity is enhanced. This technology is better than the traditional method because it provides certain other benefits like increased drug loading capability, fantastic reproducibility of oral retention, further developed proportionality of portion bioavailability and expanded patient compliance. This audit makes sense of the various kinds of techniques for the arrangement of nanocrystals, benefits, drawbacks, a system of solvency improvement, clinical applications, and future imminent. This review article also provides further guidelines for studies about nanocrystal technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangam Rana
- Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Deepali Tomar
- Geeta Institute of Pharmacy, Geeta University, Naultha, Panipat, Haryana, India
| | | | - Prerna Sharma
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Nidhi Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
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13
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Sen S, Sharma A, Kriplani P, Guarve K. Microsponges: A Neoteric Approach for the Effective Management of Osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2023; 19:385-399. [PMID: 37070454 DOI: 10.2174/1573397119666230417093138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A microsponge delivery system (MDS) is a cutting-edge and distinctive method of structured medication delivery. Regulated drug distribution is now possible with the use of microsponge technology. Techniques for drug release are created specifically to distribute medications to the body's various locations. As a result, pharmacological therapy becomes more effective, and patient compliance significantly affects the health care system. MAIN BODY MDS consists of porous microspheres with a substantially porous structure and a very small spherical shape, ranging in size from 5 to 300 microns. MDS is typically used to administer medications through topical channels, but new research has demonstrated the promise of this technique for parenteral, oral, and ocular drug delivery. Topical formulations are an attempt to manage diseases like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, etc. While reducing the drug's side effects, MDS can readily change the pharmaceutical release shape and enhance formulation stability. Reaching the highest peak plasma concentration in the blood is the main goal of microsponge medication delivery. The ability of MDS to self-sterilize is by far the most notable quality. CONCLUSION In countless studies, MDS is employed as an anti-allergic, anti-mutagenic, and nonirritant. This review covers the overview of microsponges along with their release mechanism. The article focuses on the marketed formulation of microsponges and patent data of the same. This review will be helpful for researchers working in MDS technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwani Sen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, (135001) Haryana, India
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, (135001) Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Kriplani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, (135001) Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, (135001) Haryana, India
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14
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Kriplani P, Guarve K. Nanotechnology a Boon for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2023; 18:379-396. [PMID: 36221866 DOI: 10.2174/1574892817666221011094619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most widely spread tumor among the human population. It is usually adenocarcinomatous and develops as a polyp on the inner wall of the colon or rectum which may become malignant with time. Though its treatment is limited, its early diagnosis and prevention play a better role, thereby decreasing mortality rates. OBJECTIVE The molecular markers in CRC-affected tissues may play an important role to develop novel strategies to cure the disease. Nanotechnology consists of both an innovative diagnostic and therapeutic array of nanomaterials that may be used to target CRC like dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, nanoparticles, nano-emulsions, etc. Methods: Current patents and research covering the nanotechnology used to target and diagnose CRC is included in the review. RESULTS Nanotechnology is playing a wonderful role in both the treatment and diagnosis of CRC. CONCLUSION The present review may cover the recent advancements in nanotechnology in the treatment and diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
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15
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Bhatia V, Dhingra AK, Chopra B, Guarve K. A Review of Clinical Studies Assessing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Escitalopram: A Step Towards Development. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2023; 22:41-50. [PMID: 35232356 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220301122807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression is a debilitating, sometimes fatal disorder, deteriorating the quality of life and well-being. Escitalopram showed highly selective and dose-dependent inhibitory activity on human serotonin transport. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line drugs to manage major depressive disorder (MDD). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to explore the therapeutic potential of escitalopram, a clinically approved drug to manage MDD and panic disorders. METHODS It emphasizes comparative and clinical trial studies with several pharmacological targets reviewed from the data available on PubMed, Science Direct, Clinicaltrails.gov, and from many reputed foundations. RESULTS To highlight the clinical efficacy, safety, recent development, and stable formulation of escitalopram with an increased bioavailability profile. Evidence-based on the available clinical and pharmacoeconomic data, escitalopram represents an effective first-line treatment option for MDD patients. CONCLUSION The present review highlights the placebo-controlled clinical studies and the recent development that can be helpful for further research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Bhatia
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, City Center Road, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani K Dhingra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, City Center Road, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, City Center Road, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, City Center Road, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
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16
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Kamboj R, Kamboj S, Joginath A, Guarve K, Kriplani P, Kumar S, Guatam SP. An Investigation on Self-Medication Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among the Indian Population. Curr Drug Saf 2023; 18:224-232. [PMID: 36029075 DOI: 10.2174/1574886317666220426091831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-medication has both negative and beneficial effects on people's health, as the COVID-19 epidemic has demonstrated. The goal of the study is to look into the epidemiology of self-medicated medications used for respiratory symptoms, as a COVID-19 preventive, for its symptoms, or after a positive COVID-19 test, and to see how symptom relief is viewed in India, as well as what demographic factors encourage self-medication. METHODS Using a trial version of Qualtrics Core XM software to prototype 24 surveys, a webbased questionnaire was built, tested, and disseminated in several Indian states. RESULT In the survey, 519 candidates participated. 43% of respondents reported that all symptoms were relieved. However, just 39% of all respondents took the government-recommended Ayushkwath, and 56% took a vitamin C tablet to improve immunity. Aspirin, ibuprofen, and azithromycin were shown to be the most commonly used medications for various symptoms, including fever, weariness, cough, sneezing, loose motion, and immune boost, and breathing problems. CONCLUSION Self-medication was common, with many people taking drugs for which there was little scientific evidence. The frequency of self-medication was connected to age, region, and employment position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kamboj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Sweta Kamboj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Anuj Joginath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Kriplani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Surya Prakash Guatam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shahpur Campus, Jalandhar (Pb.), India
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Bhatia V, Dhingra AK, Dass R, Chopra B, Guarve K. Formulation Development and in-vitro Evaluation of Escitalopram Fast Dissolving Tablets. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:198-213. [PMID: 35748551 DOI: 10.2174/1871524922666220624113719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Escitalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), acts by increasing the serotonin level in the brain and is used widely for the management of depression and anxiety disorders. However, the poor dissolution rate of escitalopram due to less water solubility is a consequential problem confronting the pharmaceutical industry in developing pharmaceutical dosage forms for oral delivery systems. OBJECTIVE The present work aims to deliver a novel formulation for improving the dissolution profile and, thus, the bioavailability of escitalopram. METHODS Fast Dissolving Tablets (FDT) are expected to enable quick drug release, which will improve the drug's dissolving profile, allowing for the initial increase in plasma concentration mandatory in an acute depression attack. The use of co-processed excipients in tablets has been shown to increase the compressibility and disintegration properties of the tablets, resulting in improved in-vitro drug release and bioavailability. As co-processed excipients, a mixture of banana powder (a natural super disintegrant with nutritional value) and microcrystalline cellulose (a highly compressible substance with good wicking and absorption capacity) was used. RESULTS The tablets were made using a response surface, randomised central composite design and a direct compression technique. The manufactured tablets were found to be released more than 95% of the drug within 10 minutes and showed an improved drug release profile than the available marketed formulation. CONCLUSION As a result, after confirming in-vivo potential, the created fast release formulation exhibited impressive in-vitro findings and may prove to be a boon in treating acute depression attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Bhatia
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani K Dhingra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Rameshwar Dass
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
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18
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Manocha S, Dhiman S, Grewal AS, Guarve K. Nanotechnology: An approach to overcome bioavailability challenges of nutraceuticals. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kamboj S, Kamboj R, Kamboj S, Dutt R, Guarve K, Bansal K, Rohila V. An Electronic Evaluation of Symptoms in People of India Post-COVID-19 Vaccination. Curr Drug Saf 2022; 18:51-61. [PMID: 35346010 DOI: 10.2174/1574886317666220328154358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remarkable and groundbreaking performances of scientists all over the globe have led to the evolution of COVID-19 vaccines, which are extensively viewed as means to control the epidemic. The primary purpose of this research work was to discover the major side effects of the vaccines, mainly in Homo sapiens. METHODS An online survey was conducted in various cities of Haryana, India, using a trial version of QualtricsCoreXM software to prototype 20 questionnaires. RESULTS In the survey, 200 candidates participated, among which 83.5% had received Covishield and 16.5% had been vaccinated with Covaxin. Overall 65% of respondents have reported side effects. The major side effects reported were fever, tiredness, myalgia, diarrhea, headache, etc. Conclusion: Succeeding the survey related to the effects of COVID-19 vaccine on non-identical Homo sapiens, generally with respect to their perspective regarding the symptoms of vaccine, both the vaccines were found to have mild side effects which could be easily managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Shikha Kamboj
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Dutt
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Kamal Bansal
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Vivek Rohila
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
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21
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Joshi S, Dhingra AK, Chopra B, Guarve K, Bhateja D. Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Evidence of Hesperidin as Neuroprotective Agent. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:5-14. [PMID: 35379141 DOI: 10.2174/1871524922666220404164405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroprotection is preserving neural function in various neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits such as sweet oranges and lemons, possesses many biological effects, including neuroprotection. OBJECTIVE The study aims to explore the neuropharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic potential of hesperidin in the management of neurodegenerative disorders. METHODS It emphasizes comparative and clinical trial studies with a number of targets reviewed from the data available on PubMed, Science Direct, Clinicaltrails.gov, and from many reputed foundations. RESULTS Escalating clinical evidence has established the inhibitory effect of hesperidin in the management of neurodegenerative disorders. Neuroprotective potential of hesperidin is characterized by endogenous antioxidant defence functions, improvement of neural growth factors, antineuroinflammatory activity, and apoptotic pathways. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the beneficial neuropharmacological potential of hesperidin, including anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, memory, and locomotor enhancing activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanki Joshi
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani K Dhingra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Bhateja
- Physics Herbals, Suraj Majra, Baddi-173205, Himachal Pradesh, India
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22
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Kriplani P, Guarve K. Transdermal Drug delivery: A step towards treatment of cancer. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:253-267. [PMID: 34856914 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666211202154000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transdermal drug delivery is an emerging and tempting system over oral and hypodermic drug delivery system. With the new developments in skin penetration techniques, anticancer drugs ranging from hydrophilic macromolecules to lipophilic drugs can be administered via transdermal route to treat cancer. OBJECTIVE In the present review, various approaches to enhance the transdermal delivery of drugs is discussed including the micro and nanotechnology based transdermal formulations like chemotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, phototherapy, vaccines and medical devices. Limitations and advantages of various transdermal technologies is also elaborated. METHOD In this review, patent applications and recent literature of transdermal drug delivery systems employed to cure mainly cancer are covered. RESULTS Transdermal drug delivery systems have proved their potential to cure cancer. They increase the bioavailability of drug by site specific drug delivery and can reduce the side effects/toxicity associated with anticancer drugs. CONCLUSION The potential of transdermal drug delivery systems to carry the drug may unclutter novel ways for therapeutic intercessions in various tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana. India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana. India
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23
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Kriplani P, Guarve K. Eudragit, a Nifty Polymer for Anticancer Preparations: A Patent Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:92-101. [PMID: 34645379 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666211013113841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymers are the backbone of modern pharmaceutical formulations and drug delivery technologies. Polymers that may be natural, synthetic, or semisynthetic are used to control the release of drugs in a pre-programmed fashion. The drug delivery systems are mainly prepared to enhance the bioavailability, site-specific release, sustained release, controlled release, i.e., to modify the release of drug from dosage form may be a tablet, capsule, etc. Objective: The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents concerning the application of eudragit in the prevention of cancer and other ailments. Eudragit polymers are polymethacrylates and may be anionic, cationic, or non-ionic polymers of methacrylic acid, dimethyl-aminoethyl methacrylates, and methacrylic acid esters in varying ratios. Eudragit is available in various grades with solubilities at different pH, thus helping the formulators design the preparation to have a well-defined release pattern. METHOD In this review, patent applications of eudragit in various drug delivery systems employed to cure mainly cancer are covered. RESULTS Eudragit has proved its potential as a polymer to control the release of drugs as coating polymer and formation of the matrix in various delivery systems. It can increase the bioavailability of the drug by site-specific drug delivery and can reduce the side effects/toxicity associated with anticancer drugs. CONCLUSION The potential of eudragit to carry the drug may unclutter novel ways for therapeutic intercessions in various tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh college of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, #1685/17,Huda jagadhri, Jagadhri . India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh college of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, #1685/17,Huda jagadhri, Jagadhri. India
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Guarve K, Kriplani P. HPMC- A Marvel Polymer for Pharmaceutical Industry-Patent Review. RADDF 2021; 15:46-58. [DOI: 10.2174/1872211314666210604120619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
At the present time, designing of defined release dosage forms, either controlled, sustained,
modified, are gaining much importance. For the development of such delivery systems,
proper blend of polymers is required so that drug release occurs by polymer erosion, swelling, diffusion/
dissolution. HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose) is the most commonly used cellulosic
polymer available in various grades to develop such types of systems. Depending upon the molecular
weight and viscosity chosen, it can be applied for emulsification, adhesion, bonding, thickening,
suspension, film forming and gelation. It consists of polymeric units linked together, which retain
water, thereby acting as an excellent hydrophilic gel forming polymer. It generally hydrates on
the outer surface to form a gelatinous layer. It swells, expands upon contact with water and releases
the drug in predetermined manner initially and then forms viscous gel to control the release further.
The objective of the present review is to overview the recent patents and articles of HPMC, its properties,
grades and its use in various drug delivery systems and as a binder, dispersing agent, bioavailability
enhancer and as capsule forming material have been identified and reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, India
| | - Priyanka Kriplani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, India
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Kriplani P, Guarve K. Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Potential of Helenalin. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 15:132-142. [PMID: 32614752 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200702142601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arnica montana, containing helenalin as its principal active constituent, is the most widely used plant to treat various ailments. Recent studies indicate that Arnica and helenalin provide significant health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, immunomodulatory, and most important, anti-cancer properties. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents of Arnica and its principal constituent helenalin, including new methods of isolation, and their use in the prevention of cancer and other ailments. METHODS Current prose and patents emphasizing the anti-cancer potential of helenalin and Arnica, incorporated as anti-inflammary agents in anti-cancer preparations, have been identified and reviewed with particular emphasis on their scientific impact and novelty. RESULTS Helenalin has shown its anti-cancer potential to treat multiple types of tumors, both in vitro and in vivo. It has also portrayed synergistic effects when given in combination with other anti- cancer drugs or natural compounds. New purification/isolation techniques are also developing with novel helenalin formulations and its synthetic derivatives have been developed to increase its solubility and bioavailability. CONCLUSION The promising anti-cancer potential of helenalin in various preclinical studies may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in different tumors. Thus clinical trials validating its tumor suppressing and chemopreventive activities, particularly in conjunction with standard therapies, are immediately required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, India
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Kriplani P, Guarve K. Chitosan- A Potential Polymer to Prepare Anticancer Drug Delivery Systems- Patent Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 16:249-257. [PMID: 33563157 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210208230848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymers are used in drug delivery systems to encapsulate and release the drug. Natural polymers have the advantages such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, biological recognizable moieties that maintain cellular functions as compared to synthetic polymers. Chitosan is a natural polycationic linear polysaccharide originated from chitin. Its easy modification, release rate of drug, ability to cross link with other polymers, gelling ability, immunostimulation, bioadhesion, biocompatibility and biodegrability has increased its application in various drug delivery systems. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents of application of chitosan in various drug delivery systems and their use in the prevention of cancer and other ailments. METHODS In this review patent application of chitosan in various drug delivery systems employed to cure mainly cancer has been covered with particular emphasis on their scientific impact and novelty. RESULTS Chitosan has proved its potential as a polymer to control and target the drug at the site of action. CONCLUSION The potential of chitosan and its derivatives to deliver and target the drug may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in different tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, . India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar 135001, Haryana, . India
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Kriplani P, Guarve K, Baghel US. Novel Herbal Topical Patch Containing Curcumin and Arnica montana for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2020; 16:43-60. [PMID: 30767746 DOI: 10.2174/1573397115666190214164407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) ranks fifth among all forms of disability affecting 10% of the world population. Current treatments available are associated with multiple side effects and do not slow down the progression of the disease. Moreover, no such effective treatment is available to date in various systems of medicine to treat osteoarthritis. Curcumin and Arnica have shown evident clinical advances in the treatment of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to design, optimize and characterize novel herbal transdermal patches of curcumin and Arnica montana using factorial design. METHODS A multiple factorial design was employed to investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and jojoba oil on elongation and drug release. Transdermal patches were evaluated by FTIR, DSC, FESEM, ex vivo drug permeation, anti osteoarthritic activity and analgesic activity. RESULTS Independent variables exhibited a significant effect on the physicochemical properties of the prepared formulations. The higher values of drug release and elongation were observed with the higher concentration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and jojoba oil. Anti osteoarthritic activity was assessed by complete Freund's adjuvant arthritis model; using rats and analgesic activity by Eddy's hot plate method, using mice. Combination patch exhibited good anti osteoarthritic and analgesic activity as compare to individual drug patches. CONCLUSION The design results revealed that the combination patch exhibited good physicochemical, anti osteoarthritic and analgesic activity for the treatment of osteoarthritis in animals. More plants and their combinations should be explored to get reliable, safe and effective formulations that can compete with synthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar 135001, Haryana, India.,Department of Research, Innovation and Consultancy (RIC), l.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar 144603, Punjab, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar 135001, Haryana, India
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Abstract
Background:
In the 1960s, the human coronavirus was designated, which is responsible
for the upper respiratory tract disease in children. Back in 2003, mainly 5 new coronaviruses were
recognized. This study directly pursues to govern knowledge, attitude and practice of viral and droplet
infection isolation safeguard among the researchers during the outbreak of the COVID-19.
Introduction:
Coronavirus is a proteinaceous and infectious pathogen. It is an etiological agent of
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).
Coronavirus, appeared in China from the seafood and poultry market last year, which has spread in
various countries, and has caused several deaths.
Methods:
The literature data has been taken from different search platforms like PubMed, Science
Direct, Embase, Web of Science, who.int portal and complied.
Results:
Corona virology study will be more advanced and outstanding in recent years. COVID-19
epidemic is a threatening reminder not solely for one country but all over the universe.
Conclusion:
In this review article, we encapsulated the pathogenesis, geographical spread of coronavirus
worldwide, also discussed the perspective of diagnosis, effective treatment, and primary
recommendations by the World Health Organization, and guidelines of the government to slow
down the impact of the virus are also optimistic, efficacious and obliging for the public health.
However, it will take a prolonged time in the future to overcome this epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Shikha Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Dutt
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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Kriplani P, Guarve K, Baghael US. Arnica montana L. – a plant of healing: review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:925-945. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Arnica montana is a widely used therapeutic plant used traditionally to treat various ailments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the botany, phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology along with special emphasis given on pharmacological activity of plant A. montana.
Key findings
The plant extracts have been reported to possess antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and immunomodulatory activity. A wide range of chemical compounds including sesquiterpene lactones and their short-chain carbonic acid esters, flavonoids, carotenoids, essential oils, diterpenes, arnidiol, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, coumarins, phenolic acids, lignans and oligosaccharides, etc., are found in different parts of the plant.
Summary
It has been scrutinized that extensive research has been carried out to explore the therapeutic potential of flowers of the plant. Therefore, investigations should be carried out to explore the therapeutic potential of other parts of the plant for better therapeutic utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kriplani
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
- I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Uttam S Baghael
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Guarve K, D. Gupta G. Formulation and Evaluation of Extended Release Asymmetric Membrane Capsules of Atenolol. Curr Drug Deliv 2011; 8:159-63. [DOI: 10.2174/156720111794479899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Guarve K, Gupta GD. Asymmetric Membrane Capsules for Extended Delivery of the Weakly Basic Drug Carvedilol. Pharmaceutics 2010; 2:199-208. [PMID: 27721351 PMCID: PMC3986716 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics2020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to demonstrate that asymmetric membrane capsules can be used to deliver a poorly water soluble drug with a pH dependent solubility, such as carvedilol, for extended periods of time by modulating solubility with acid. In this study, the effect of the concentration of pH regulating agent and osmotic agents on the release rate of the active material was investigated. For this purpose, asymmetric membrane capsules of carvedilol were prepared using cellulose acetate as a semi-permeable membrane, containing glycerol as plasticizer, and fructose and fumaric acid were used as osmotic agent and pH regulating agent, respectively. In osmotic systems, the release rate of an excipient relative to the release rate of the drug is an important factor that determines the duration of drug release. Owing to high acidic strength and low aqueous solubility, fumaric acid resulted in simultaneous release and maintained a constant micro-environmental condition for the dissolution of the weakly basic drug. Finally, it was observed that the release rate of carvedilol was influenced by the concentration of fumaric acid and fructose. The optimal formulation was found to be able to deliver carvedilol at the rate of approximate zero-order up to 20 h, independent of release media and agitation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India.
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