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Sullivan R, Confair A, Hicks SD. Milk levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 identify mothers with low milk supply. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305421. [PMID: 38870243 PMCID: PMC11175467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Human milk is optimal for infant nutrition. However, many mothers cease breastfeeding because of low milk supply (LMS). It is difficult to identify mothers at risk for LMS because its biologic underpinnings are not fully understood. Previously, we demonstrated that milk micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) may be related to LMS. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) also plays an important role in mammary involution and may contribute to LMS. We performed a longitudinal cohort study of 139 breastfeeding mothers to test the hypothesis that milk levels of TGFβ would identify mothers with LMS. We explored whether TGFβ impacts the expression of LMS-related miRNAs in cultured human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). LMS was defined by maternal report of inadequate milk production, and confirmed by age of formula introduction and infant weight trajectory. Levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 were measured one month after delivery. There was a significant relationship between levels of TGF-β1 and LMS (X2 = 8.92, p = 0.003) on logistic regression analysis, while controlling for lactation stage (X2 = 1.28, p = 0.25), maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (X2 = 0.038, p = 0.84), and previous breastfeeding experience (X2 = 7.43, p = 0.006). The model accounted for 16.8% of variance in the data (p = 0.005) and correctly predicted LMS for 84.6% of mothers (22/26; AUC = 0.72). Interactions between TGF-β1 and miR-22-3p displayed significant effect on LMS status (Z = 2.67, p = 0.008). Further, incubation of HMECs with TGF-β1 significantly reduced mammary cell number (t = -4.23, p = 0.003) and increased levels of miR-22-3p (t = 3.861, p = 0.008). Interactions between TGF-β1 and miR-22-3p may impact mammary function and milk levels of TGF-β1 could have clinical utility for identifying mothers with LMS. Such information could be used to provide early, targeted lactation support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Confair
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Steven D. Hicks
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
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Roudbari Z, Mokhtari M, Ebrahimpour Gorji A, Sadkowski T, Sadr AS, Shirali M. Identification of Hub Genes and Target miRNAs Crucial for Milk Production in Holstein Friesian Dairy Cattle. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2105. [PMID: 38003048 PMCID: PMC10671684 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dairy milk production is a quantitative trait that is controlled by many biological and environmental factors. This study employs a network-driven systems approach and clustering algorithm to uncover deeper insights into its genetic associations. We analyzed the GSE33680 dataset from the GEO database to understand the biological importance of milk production through gene expression and modules. In this study, we employed CytoNCA and ClusterONE plugins within Cytoscape for network analysis. Moreover, miRWalk software was utilized to detect miRNAs, and DAVID was employed to identify gene ontology and pathways. The results revealed 140 up-regulated genes and 312 down-regulated genes. In addition, we have identified 91 influential genes and 47 miRNAs that are closely associated with milk production. Through our examination of the network connecting these genes, we have found significant involvement in important biological processes such as calcium ion transit across cell membranes, the BMP signaling pathway, and the regulation of MAPK cascade. The conclusive network analysis further reveals that GAPDH, KDR, CSF1, PYGM, RET, PPP2CA, GUSB, and PRKCA are closely linked to key pathways essential for governing milk production. Various mechanisms can control these genes, making them valuable for breeding programs aiming to enhance selection indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Roudbari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft 7867155311, Iran; (Z.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Morteza Mokhtari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft 7867155311, Iran; (Z.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Abdolvahab Ebrahimpour Gorji
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Science, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Tomasz Sadkowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Science, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Ayeh Sadat Sadr
- Preclinical Modelling of Paediatric Cancer Evolution, Molecular Pathology Division, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK;
| | - Masoud Shirali
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT9 5PX, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
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Leduc A, Le Guillou S, Laloë D, Herve L, Laubier J, Poton P, Faulconnier Y, Pires J, Gele M, Martin P, Leroux C, Boutinaud M, Le Provost F. MiRNome variations in milk fractions during feed restrictions of different intensities in dairy cows. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:680. [PMID: 37957547 PMCID: PMC10641998 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09769-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In dairy cows, diet is one factor that can affect their milk production and composition. However, the effect of feed restriction on milk miRNome has not yet been described. Indeed, milk is the body fluid with the highest RNA concentration, which includes numerous microRNA. Its presence in the four different milk fractions, whole milk, fat globules, mammary epithelial cells and extracellular vesicles, is still poorly documented. This study aimed to describe the effects of different feed restrictions on the miRNome composition of different milk fractions. RESULTS Two feed restrictions were applied to lactating dairy cows, one of high intensity and one of moderate intensity. 2,896 mature microRNA were identified in the different milk fractions studied, including 1,493 that were already known in the bovine species. Among the 1,096 microRNA that were sufficiently abundant to be informative, the abundance of 1,027 of them varied between fractions: 36 of those were exclusive to one milk fraction. Feed restriction affected the abundance of 155 microRNA, with whole milk and milk extracellular vesicles being the most affected, whereas milk fat globules and exfoliated mammary epithelial cells were little or not affected at all. The high intensity feed restriction led to more microRNA variations in milk than moderate restriction. The target prediction of known microRNA that varied under feed restriction suggested the modification of some key pathways for lactation related to milk fat and protein metabolisms, cell cycle, and stress responses. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted that the miRNome of each milk fraction is specific, with mostly the same microRNA composition but with variations in abundance between fractions. These specific miRNomes were affected differently by feed restrictions, the intensity of which appeared to be a major factor modulating milk miRNomes. These findings offer opportunities for future research on the use of milk miRNA as biomarkers of energy status in dairy cows, which is affected by feed restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leduc
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35590, Saint Gilles, France
- Institut de L'Elevage, 75012, Paris, France
| | - S Le Guillou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
| | - D Laloë
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
| | - L Herve
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35590, Saint Gilles, France
| | - J Laubier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
| | - P Poton
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35590, Saint Gilles, France
| | - Y Faulconnier
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetagroSup, UMRH, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, 63122, France
| | - J Pires
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetagroSup, UMRH, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, 63122, France
| | - M Gele
- Institut de L'Elevage, 75012, Paris, France
| | - P Martin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
| | - C Leroux
- INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetagroSup, UMRH, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, 63122, France
| | - M Boutinaud
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35590, Saint Gilles, France
| | - F Le Provost
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France.
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Tian L, Guo S, Zhao Z, Chen Y, Wang C, Li Q, Li Y. miR-30a-3p Regulates Autophagy in the Involution of Mice Mammary Glands. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14352. [PMID: 37762652 PMCID: PMC10531886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland undergoes intensive remodeling during the lactation cycle, and the involution process of mammary gland contains extensive epithelial cells involved in the process of autophagy. Our studies of mice mammary glands suggest that miR-30a-3p expression was low during involution compared with its high expression in the mammary glands of lactating mice. Then, we revealed that miR-30a-3p negatively regulated autophagy by autophagy related 12 (Atg12) in mouse mammary gland epithelial cells (MMECs). Restoring ATG12, knocking down autophagy related 5 (Atg5), starvation, and Rapamycin were used to further confirm this conclusion. Overexpression of miR-30a-3p inhibited autophagy and altered mammary structure in the involution of the mammary glands of mice, which was indicative of alteration in mammary remodeling. Taken together, these results elucidated the molecular mechanisms of miR-30a-3p as a key induction mediator of autophagy by targeting Atg12 within the transition period between lactation and involution in mammary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (L.T.); (S.G.); (Z.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Shancheng Guo
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (L.T.); (S.G.); (Z.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhiye Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (L.T.); (S.G.); (Z.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuxu Chen
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (L.T.); (S.G.); (Z.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Qingzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Ye Li
- School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Human Milk-Derived Levels of let-7g-5p May Serve as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Low Milk Supply in Breastfeeding Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030567. [PMID: 36771276 PMCID: PMC9920885 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Low milk supply (LMS) is associated with early breastfeeding cessation; however, the biological underpinnings in the mammary gland are not understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally downregulate gene expression, and we hypothesized the profile of miRNAs secreted into milk reflects lactation performance. Longitudinal changes in milk miRNAs were measured using RNAseq in women with LMS (n = 47) and adequate milk supply (AMS; n = 123). Relationships between milk miRNAs, milk supply, breastfeeding outcomes, and infant weight gain were assessed, and interactions between milk miRNAs, maternal diet, smoking status, and BMI were determined. Women with LMS had lower milk volume (p = 0.003), were more likely to have ceased breast feeding by 24 wks (p = 0.0003) and had infants with a lower mean weight-for-length z-score (p = 0.013). Milk production was significantly associated with milk levels of miR-16-5p (R = -0.14, adj p = 0.044), miR-22-3p (R = 0.13, adj p = 0.044), and let-7g-5p (R = 0.12, adj p = 0.046). Early milk levels of let-7g-5p were significantly higher in mothers with LMS (adj p = 0.0025), displayed an interaction between lactation stage and milk supply (p < 0.001), and were negatively related to fruit intake (p = 0.015). Putative targets of let-7g-5p include genes important to hormone signaling, RNA regulation, ion transport, and the extracellular matrix, and down-regulation of two targets (PRLR and IGF2BP1/IMP1) was confirmed in mammary cells overexpressing let-7g-5p in vitro. Our data provide evidence that milk-derived miRNAs reflect lactation performance in women and warrant further investigation to assess their utility for predicting LMS risk and early breastfeeding cessation.
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Miller JL, Kanke M, Rauner G, Bakhle KM, Sethupathy P, Van de Walle GR. Comparative Analysis of microRNAs that Stratify in vitro Mammary stem and Progenitor Activity Reveals Functionality of Human miR-92b-3p. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2022; 27:253-269. [PMID: 36190643 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-022-09525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammary stem/progenitor cells are fundamental for mammary gland development and function. However, much remains to be elucidated regarding their function in mammals beyond the traditionally studied rodents, human, and to a lesser extent, ruminants. Due to the growing appreciation for microRNAs (miRNAs) as regulators of stem cells and their progenitors, we compared miRNA expression in mammary stem/progenitor cells from mammals with varying mammary stem/progenitor activity in vitro, in order to identify miRNA candidates that regulate stem/progenitor self-renewal and function. Mammosphere-derived epithelial cells (MDECs), which are primary cell lines enriched in mammary stem and progenitor cells, were generated from six mammalian species (i.e., cow, human, pig, horse, dog, and rat) and small RNA sequencing was performed. We identified 9 miRNAs that were significantly differentially expressed in MDEC cultures with a low versus high mammary stem/progenitor activity. miR-92b-3p was selected for functional follow-up studies, as this miRNA is understudied in primary mammary cells but has well-described gene targets that are known to regulate mammary stem/progenitor activity. Altering the expression of miR-92b-3p in MDECs from species with low stem/progenitor activity (human and cow) and those with high stem/progenitor activity (dog and rat) via inhibition and overexpression, respectively, resulted in significantly decreased mammosphere formation of human MDECs, but showed no significant effects in cow, dog, or rat MDECs. This study is the first to perform small RNA sequencing in MDECs from various mammals and highlights that conserved miRNAs can have different functions in mammary stem/progenitor cells across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Miller
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Ithaca , United States
| | - Matt Kanke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gat Rauner
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Ithaca , United States
| | | | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gerlinde R Van de Walle
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Ithaca , United States.
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 14850, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Xu H, Wu J, Wang S, Xu L, Liu P, Shi Y, Wu S, Deng L, Chen X. Network pharmacology and in vivo experiments reveal the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of Simiao Powder in prevention and treatment for gout. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:152. [PMID: 35672755 PMCID: PMC9175488 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gout is a common disease with high incidence due to unhealthy diet and living habits. Simiao Powder, as a classic formula consisted of four common herbs, has been widely used in clinical practice since ancient times to prevent and treat gout. However, the pharmacological mechanism of Simiao Powder is still unclear. Methods Based on network pharmacology, Simiao Powder active compounds were identified in TCMSP, ETCM and BATMAN database, used to establish a network of interaction between potential targets of Simiao Powder and known therapeutic targets of gout. Subsequently, the key potential targets are being used for protein–protein interaction, GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis through several authoritative open databases. Molecular docking through AutoDockTools software can verify interaction between molecules. Finally, to validate the predicted results, in vivo experiments based on hyperuricemic-gout mice model were designed and treated with Simiao powder and allopurinol. Serum levels of uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) were determined using a customized assay kit while the expression of PPAR-γ, PTGS1, IL-6 and Bcl2 mRNA were analyzed through qRT-PCR. Results Disease-target-compound network was visualized basing on the 20 bioactive compounds and the 19 potential targets using Cytoscape software. The results of PPI analysis, GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicate that the potential mechanism of Simiao Powder in treating gout may be achieved by regulating immune and inflammatory reactions, improving metabolism and endocrine. The results of molecular docking show that most of the targets and components have good binding activity. In vivo experiments revealed that Simiao powder can decreased serum UA and XOD levels in hyperuricemic-gout mice, and improved renal function. Furthermore, Simiao powder certainly regulates the expression of PPAR-γ, PTGS1, IL-6 and Bcl2 mRNA in ankle tissue in hyperuricemic-gout mice. Conclusion Collectively, this research predicted a multiple compounds, targets, and pathways model mechanism of Simiao Powder in the prevention and treatment of gout, providing new ideas and methods for in-depth research, via vivo experiments.
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Dwivedi A, Padala C, Kumari A, Khumukcham SS, Penugurti V, Ghosh S, Mazumder A, Goffin V, Manavathi B. Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein is a novel regulator of mammary epithelial cell differentiation. FEBS J 2021; 289:1575-1590. [PMID: 34668648 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein (HPIP, also known as PBXIP1) is an estrogen receptor (ER) interacting protein that regulates estrogen-mediated breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. However, its functional significance in the context of mammary gland development is unexplored. Here, we report that HPIP is required for prolactin (PRL)-induced lactogenic differentiation in vitro. Molecular analysis of HPIP expression in mice revealed its induced expression at pregnancy and lactation stages of mammary gland. Moreover, PRL is a lactogenic hormone that controls pregnancy as well as lactation and induces Hpip/Pbxip1 expression in a signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a-dependent manner. Using mammary epithelial and lactogenic-competent cell lines, we further show that HPIP plays a regulatory role in PRL-mediated mammary epithelial cell differentiation, which is measured by acini formation, β-casein synthesis, and lipid droplet formation. Further mechanistic studies using pharmacological inhibitors revealed that HPIP modulates PRL-induced β-casein synthesis via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) activation. This study also identified HPIP as a critical regulator of autocrine PRL signaling as treatment with the PRL receptor antagonist Δ1-9-G129R-hPRL restrained HPIP-mediated PRL synthesis, AKT activation, and β-casein synthesis in cultured HC11 cells. Interestingly, we also uncovered that microRNA-148a (miR-148a) antagonizes HPIP-mediated mammary epithelial cell differentiation. Together, our study identified HPIP as a critical regulator of PRL signaling and revealed a novel molecular circuitry involving PRL, HPIP, PI3K/AKT, and miR-148a that controls mammary epithelial cell differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, India
| | - Chiranjeevi Padala
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, India
| | - Anita Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Sinjini Ghosh
- TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, India
| | - Aprotim Mazumder
- TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, India
| | - Vincent Goffin
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151/CNRS 8253, Université de Paris, France
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Song N, Luo J, Huang L, Tian H, Chen Y, He Q. miR-204-5p and miR-211 Synergistically Downregulate the α S1-Casein Content and Contribute to the Lower Allergy of Goat Milk. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5353-5362. [PMID: 33939400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
αS1-Casein (encoded by the CSN1S1 gene) is associated with higher rates of allergy than other milk protein components for humans. microRNAs (miRNAs) as small noncoding RNA molecules regulate gene expression and influence diverse biological processes. However, little is known about the regulation of milk protein synthesis by miRNAs in ruminants. In this study, we aim to investigate the regulatory roles of miR-204 family members (miR-204-5p and miR-211) on αS1-casein in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC). Here, we observed that the CSN1S1 mRNA level is upregulated, while miR-204-5p and miR-211 (miR-204-5p/-211) abundance is downregulated during peak lactation compared with middle lactation of dairy goats. We found that miR-204-5p/-211 synergistically inhibit αS1-casein expression via directly binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of CSN1S1 in GMEC. miR-204-5p/-211 increase β-casein mRNA (CSN2) and protein abundance, as well as the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a (STAT5a) activity. Further, miR-204-5p/-211 enhance β-casein expression via the CSN1S1-STAT5a signaling axis and promote β-casein transcription by activating the STAT5 response element located in the CSN2 promoter. In conclusion, miR-204-5p/-211 regulate αS1-casein and β-casein synthesis via targeting CSN1S1 in GMEC, which provide the strategy for manipulating miR-204 family members to reduce milk allergy potential and improve ruminant milk quality for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Lian Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Huibin Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yating Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Qiuya He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
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Chen Z, Chu S, Wang X, Sun Y, Xu T, Mao Y, Loor JJ, Yang Z. MiR-16a Regulates Milk Fat Metabolism by Targeting Large Tumor Suppressor Kinase 1 ( LATS1) in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11167-11178. [PMID: 31542928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Milk contains a number of beneficial fatty acids including short and medium chain and unsaturated conjugated and nonconjugated fatty acids. In this study, microRNA sequencing of mammary tissue collected in early-, peak-, mid-, and late-lactation periods was performed to determine the miRNA expression profiles. miR-16a was one of the differentially expressed miRNA and was selected for in-depth functional studies pertaining to fatty acid metabolism. The mimic of miR-16a impaired fat metabolism [triacylglycerol (TAG) and cholesterol] while knock-down of miR-16a promoted fat metabolism in vitro in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). In addition, the in vitro work with BMECs also revealed that miR-16a had a negative effect on the cellular concentration of cis 9-C18:1, total C18:1, C20:1, and C22:1 and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, these data suggesting a negative effect on fatty acid metabolism extend the discovery of the key role of miR-16a in mediating adipocyte differentiation. Through a combination of bioinformatics analysis, target gene 3' UTR luciferase reporter assays, and western blotting, we identified large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1) as a target of miR-16a. Transfection of siRNA-LATS1 into BMECs led to increases in TAG, cholesterol, and cellular fatty acid concentrations, suggesting a positive role of LATS1 in mammary cell fatty acid metabolism. In summary, data suggest that miR-16a regulates biological processes associated with intracellular TAG, cholesterol, and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis through LATS1. These data provide a theoretical and experimental framework for further clarifying the regulation of lipid metabolism in mammary cells of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Shuangfeng Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Yujia Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Tianle Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences , University of Illinois , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
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