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Liu Y, Xiong W, Li J, Feng H, Jing S, Liu Y, Zhou H, Li D, Fu D, Xu C, He Y, Ye Q. Application of dental pulp stem cells for bone regeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1339573. [PMID: 38487022 PMCID: PMC10938947 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1339573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects resulting from severe trauma, tumors, inflammation, and other factors are increasingly prevalent. Stem cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising alternative. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), sourced from dental pulp, have garnered significant attention owing to their ready accessibility and minimal collection-associated risks. Ongoing investigations into DPSCs have revealed their potential to undergo osteogenic differentiation and their capacity to secrete a diverse array of ontogenetic components, such as extracellular vesicles and cell lysates. This comprehensive review article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of DPSCs and their secretory components, emphasizing extraction techniques and utilization while elucidating the intricate mechanisms governing bone regeneration. Furthermore, we explore the merits and demerits of cell and cell-free therapeutic modalities, as well as discuss the potential prospects, opportunities, and inherent challenges associated with DPSC therapy and cell-free therapies in the context of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixian Feng
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuili Jing
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghao Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Duan Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Xu
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Marco-Bonilla M, Herencia R, Fresnadillo M, Huete-Toral F, Carracedo G, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G, Mediero A. Dipyridamole activates adenosine A2B receptor and AMPK/cAMP signaling and promotes myogenic differentiation of myoblastic C2C12 cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1247664. [PMID: 37771723 PMCID: PMC10522837 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1247664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle mass and strength. ATP homeostasis is crucial during myogenesis. We determined how the purinergic system modulates myogenesis using dipyridamole (blocks adenosine taken up by the cells) and tenofovir (inhibits ATP release) in a myoblast cell line. Methods: C2C12 cells were differentiated in the presence/absence of tenofovir/dipyridamole, with/without the A2B selective inhibitor PSB-603. Extra-/intracellular nucleotides were examined via HPLC. The expression of muscle differentiation proteins (Pax7, Mif5, MyoD, MyoG, and MHC), PKA/CREB, adenosine receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3), ATP-channel pannexin-1 and the P2X7 receptor was analyzed via WB and RT-PCR. cAMP and AMPK activation was measured. Results: Tenofovir increased intracellular ATP and reduced extracellular adenosine, decreasing Pax7 expression and increasing MHC expression prematurely. Dipyridamole increased intracellular AMP and extracellular adenosine, counteracting the premature myogenesis promoted by tenofovir. All adenosine receptors were expressed during differentiation with dipyridamole, increasing A2B expression. Tenofovir maintained inactive AMPK and decreased cAMP levels, as well as PKAα and pCREB expression, which were recovered with dipyridamole. Discussion: Adenosine and ATP act as mediators in muscle myogenesis. The blockade of ATP release by tenofovir promotes premature myogenesis, with dipyridamole counteracting the premature differentiation promoted by tenofovir via the adenosine A2B receptor and cAMP/AMPK pathways. Therefore, dipyridamole might be of interest as a therapeutic approach in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Herencia
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fresnadillo
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Huete-Toral
- Ocupharm Group Research, Faculty of Optic and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Carracedo
- Ocupharm Group Research, Faculty of Optic and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Optometry and Vision, Faculty of Optic and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Largo
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aránzazu Mediero
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
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Fujii Y, Hatori A, Chikazu D, Ogasawara T. Application of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Bone and Neural Tissue Regeneration in Oral and Maxillofacial Region. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:2026572. [PMID: 37035445 PMCID: PMC10076122 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2026572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the oral and maxillofacial region, the treatment of severe bone defects, caused by fractures, cancers, congenital abnormalities, etc., remains a great challenge. In addition, neurological disorders are frequently accompanied by these bone defects or the treatments for them. Therefore, novel bone regenerative techniques and methods to repair nerve injury are eagerly sought. Among them, strategies using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are promising options. Human DPSCs can be collected easily from extracted teeth and are now considered a type of mesenchymal stem cell with higher clonogenic and proliferative potential. DPSCs have been getting attention as a cell source for bone and nerve regeneration. In this article, we reviewed the latest studies on osteogenic or neural differentiation of DPSCs as well as bone or neural regeneration methods using DPSCs and discussed the potential of DPSCs for bone and nerve tissue regeneration.
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Ren Y, Bäcker H, Müller M, Kienzle A. The role of myeloid derived suppressor cells in musculoskeletal disorders. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1139683. [PMID: 36936946 PMCID: PMC10020351 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is closely linked to bone homeostasis and plays a pivotal role in several pathological and inflammatory conditions. Through various pathways it modulates various bone cells and subsequently sustains the physiological bone metabolism. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of heterogeneous immature myeloid-derived cells that can exert an immunosuppressive function through a direct cell-to-cell contact, secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines or specific exosomes. These cells mediate the innate immune response to chronic stress on the skeletal system. In chronic inflammation, MDSCs act as an inner offset to rebalance overactivation of the immune system. Moreover, they have been found to be involved in processes responsible for bone remodeling in different musculoskeletal disorders, autoimmune diseases, infection, and cancer. These cells can not only cause bone erosion by differentiating into osteoclasts, but also alleviate the immune reaction, subsequently leading to long-lastingly impacted bone remodeling. In this review, we discuss the impact of MDSCs on the bone metabolism under several pathological conditions, the involved modulatory pathways as well as potential therapeutic targets in MDSCs to improve bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Clinic for Orthopedics, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Bäcker
- Department of Orthopedics, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Müller
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Clinic for Orthopedics, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Kienzle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Clinic for Orthopedics, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Arne Kienzle,
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Aryal SP, Xia M, Adindu E, Davis C, Ortinski PI, Richards CI. ER-GCaMP6f: An Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeted Genetic Probe to Measure Calcium Activity in Astrocytic Processes. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2099-2108. [PMID: 35061939 PMCID: PMC9047445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a major second messenger involved in cellular and subcellular signaling in a wide range of cells, including astrocytes, which use calcium ions to communicate with other cells in the brain. Even though a variety of genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators have been developed to study astrocyte calcium signaling, understanding the dynamics of endoplasmic reticulum calcium signaling is greatly limited by the currently available tools. To address this, we developed an endoplasmic reticulum-targeted calcium indicator, ER-GCaMP6f, which is anchored to the cytosolic side of the organelle and measures signaling that occurs in close proximity to the endoplasmic reticulum of astrocytes. Using a combination of confocal and super-resolution microscopy techniques, we demonstrate the localization of the indicator in the endoplasmic reticulum in both cell soma and processes of astrocytes. Combining ER-GCaMP6f with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we show that Ca2+ fluctuations in small astrocytic processes can be detected, which are otherwise not observable with existing indicators and standard wide-field and confocal techniques. We also compared the ER-GCaMP6f indicator against currently used plasma membrane-tethered and cytosolic GCaMP6f indicators. ER-GCaMP6f identifies dynamics in calcium signaling of endoplasmic reticulum resident receptors that are missed by plasma membrane-anchored indicators. We also generated an adeno-associated virus (AAV5) and demonstrate that ER-GCaMP6f can be expressed in vivo and by measured calcium activity in brain slices. ER-GCaMP6f provides a powerful tool to study calcium signaling in close proximity to the endoplasmic reticulum in astrocyte cell soma and processes both in culture and in brain slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya P Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Mengfan Xia
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Ebubechi Adindu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Caroline Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Pavel I Ortinski
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
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Wu GJ, Cherng YG, Chen JT, Chang CC, Liu SH, Chen RM. Genistein Triggers Translocation of Estrogen Receptor-Alpha in Mitochondria to Induce Expressions of ATP Synthesis-Associated Genes and Improves Energy Production and Osteoblast Maturation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:901-923. [PMID: 33853499 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that estrogen can induce mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis-associated gene expressions and osteoblast maturation. Genistein, a phytoestrogenic isoflavone that is widely found in various foods and traditional herb products, is beneficial for osteogenesis by selectively triggering estrogen receptor alpha (ER[Formula: see text] expression. In this study, we further investigated the mechanisms of genistein-induced energy production and osteoblast activation. Exposure of rat calvarial osteoblasts and human U-2 OS cells to genistein triggered osteoblast activation without affecting cell survival. Treatment with genistein time-dependently induced ER[Formula: see text] mRNA and protein expressions in rat calvarial osteoblasts. Analyses by confocal microscopy and immunoblotting showed that genistein stimulated translocation of ER[Formula: see text] from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. Subsequently, expressions of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) I and II mRNAs and proteins in primary rat osteoblasts were induced after exposure to genistein. Knocking-down ER[Formula: see text] concurrently inhibited genistein-induced COX I and II mRNA expressions. In addition, mitochondrial complex enzyme activities, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and cellular ATP levels in rat calvarial osteoblasts were time-dependently augmented by genistein. Suppressing ER[Formula: see text] expression instantaneously lowered genistein-induced enhancements of mitochondrial energy production and osteoblast activation. Effects of genistein on ER[Formula: see text] translocation, COX I and II mRNA expressions, ATP synthesis, and osteoblast activation were further confirmed in human U-2 OS cells. This study showed that genistein can stimulate energy production and consequent osteoblast activation via inducing ER[Formula: see text]-mediated mitochondrial ATP synthesis-linked gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Jhe Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Giun Cherng
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Tai Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Chau Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Ming Chen
- Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Skeleton-vasculature chain reaction: a novel insight into the mystery of homeostasis. Bone Res 2021; 9:21. [PMID: 33753717 PMCID: PMC7985324 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and osteogenesis are coupled. However, the cellular and molecular regulation of these processes remains to be further investigated. Both tissues have recently been recognized as endocrine organs, which has stimulated research interest in the screening and functional identification of novel paracrine factors from both tissues. This review aims to elaborate on the novelty and significance of endocrine regulatory loops between bone and the vasculature. In addition, research progress related to the bone vasculature, vessel-related skeletal diseases, pathological conditions, and angiogenesis-targeted therapeutic strategies are also summarized. With respect to future perspectives, new techniques such as single-cell sequencing, which can be used to show the cellular diversity and plasticity of both tissues, are facilitating progress in this field. Moreover, extracellular vesicle-mediated nuclear acid communication deserves further investigation. In conclusion, a deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular regulation of angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling may offer an opportunity to identify new therapeutic targets.
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Aoyagi A, Hata M, Matsukawa R, Imanishi Y, Takebe J. Physicochemical properties of anodized-hydrothermally treated titanium with a nanotopographic surface structure promote osteogenic differentiation in dental pulp stem cells. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 65:474-481. [PMID: 33612663 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Implants made of anodized-hydrothermally treated commercially pure titanium with a nanotopographic surface structure (SA-treated c.p.Ti) may advantageously promote contact osteogenesis during the early stages of healing. We hypothesized that utilizing SA-treated c.p.Ti with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) might improve osteoconduction during the process of osseointegration. This in vitro study investigated the effect of initial adhesion of DPSCs to SA-treated c.p.Ti compared with conventional c.p.Ti and anodic oxide (AO) c.p.Ti. METHODS DPSCs were obtained from the mandibular incisors of Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured without osteogenic induction medium on c.p.Ti, AO c.p.Ti, and SA-treated c.p.Ti disks for up to 14 days. The morphology, proliferation, and differentiation of DPSCs were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, an MTT assay, and Alizarin Red S staining, respectively. A real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the mRNA expression of osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein. RESULTS On all disks, the DPSCs appeared flattened with the formation of extensions over time. The filopodium-like extensions were closely bound to the SA-treated c.p.Ti surface. The proliferation of DPSCs was not significantly different among the c.p.Ti treatments. However, DPSCs on SA-treated c.p.Ti showed the greatest mRNA levels of osteopontin, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein, as well as increased Alizarin Red S staining. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present in vitro study demonstrate that the surface properties of SA-treated c.p.Ti disks enhance osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and may facilitate mineralized matrix formation on SA-treated c.p.Ti implant surfaces, which can enhance early bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Aoyagi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya
| | - Masaki Hata
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya
| | - Ryohei Matsukawa
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya
| | - Yuka Imanishi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya
| | - Jun Takebe
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya
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Bashir NZ. The role of insulin-like growth factors in modulating the activity of dental mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:104993. [PMID: 33259987 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative treatment protocols are an exciting prospect in the management of oral pathology, as they allow for tissues to be restored to their original form and function, as compared to the reparative healing mechanisms which currently govern the outcomes of the majority of dental treatment. Stem cell therapy presents with a great deal of untapped potential in this pursuit of tissue regeneration, and, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental tissues are of specific relevance with regards to their applications in engineering craniofacial tissues. A number of mediatory factors are involved in modulating the actions of dental MSCs, and, of these, insulin like growth factors (IGFs) are known to have potent effects in governing the behavior of these cells. The IGF family comprises a number of primary ligands, receptors, and binding proteins which are known to modulate the key properties of dental MSCs, such as their proliferation rates, differentiation potential, and mineralisation. The aims of this review are three-fold: (i) to present an overview of dental MSCs and the role of growth factors in modulating their characteristics, (ii) to discuss in greater detail the specific role of IGFs and the benefits they may convey for tissue engineering, and (iii) to provide a summary of potential for in vivo clinical translation of the current in vitro body of evidence.
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Liu W, Yang D, Wei X, Guo S, Wang N, Tang Z, Lu Y, Shen S, Shi L, Li X, Guo Z. Fabrication of piezoelectric porous BaTiO3 scaffold to repair large segmental bone defect in sheep. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:544-552. [PMID: 32660363 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220942906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Porous titanium scaffolds can provide sufficient mechanical support and bone growth space for large segmental bone defect repair. However, they fail to restore the physiological environment of bone tissue. Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is considered a smart material that can produce an electric field in response to dynamic force. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS), as a kind of micromechanical wave, can not only promote bone repair but also induce BaTiO3 to generate an electric field. In our studies, BaTiO3 was coated on porous Ti6Al4V and LIPUS was externally applied to observe the influence of the piezoelectric effect on the repair of large bone defects in vitro and in vivo. The results show that the piezoelectric effect can effectively promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro as well as bone formation and growth into implants in vivo. This study provides an optional alternative to the conventional porous Ti6Al4V scaffold with enhanced osteogenesis and osseointegration for the repair of large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinghui Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuo Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yajie Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuning Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Peoples Liberate Army, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Wang W, Yuan C, Geng T, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhang C, Liu Z, Wang P. EphrinB2 overexpression enhances osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells partially through ephrinB2-mediated reverse signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:40. [PMID: 31996240 PMCID: PMC6990579 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar bone loss is a frequent occurrence. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) which have invasive accessibility and high osteogenic potential is a promising source for cell-based bone regeneration. EphrinB2 is involved in bone homeostasis and osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of ephrinB2 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and bone defect repair. Methods EphrinB2 expression was analyzed during osteogenic induction of human DPSCs (hDPSCs). Endogenous ephrinB2 expression in hDPSCs was then upregulated using EfnB2 lentiviral vectors. The effect of ephrinB2 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation capacity of hDPSCs was investigated in vitro, and activation of ephrinB2-EphB4 bidirectional signaling in ephrinB2-overexpressing hDPSCs was detected. In vivo, a canine alveolar bone defect model was established and canine DPSCs (cDPSCs) were cultured, characterized, EfnB2-tranfected, and combined with a PuraMatrix scaffold. Micro-CT analysis was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of ephrinB2-overexpressing cDPSCs on bone defect repair. Results EphrinB2 was upregulated after osteogenic induction of hDPSCs. EphrinB2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic differentiation capacity of hDPSCs in vitro. Moreover, p-ephrinB2 instead of p-EphB4 was upregulated by ephrinB2 overexpression, and activation of ephrinB2-mediated reverse signaling promoted osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. In a canine bone defect model, ephrinB2 overexpression in cDPSCs significantly improved trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness, as demonstrated by radiographic analysis. Conclusions EphrinB2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic potential of DPSCs partially via upregulation of ephrinB2-mediated reverse signaling and effectively promoted alveolar bone defect repair. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1540-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changyong Yuan
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tengyu Geng
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoyue Zhu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zongxiang Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Penglai Wang
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
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