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Cui H, Jin Y, Wang N, Liu H, Shu R, Wang J, Wang X, Jia B, Wang Y, Bian Y, Wen W. Mechanic evaluation of Wu-Mei-Pill on colitis-associated colorectal cancer: An integrated transcriptomics, metabolomics, and experimental validation study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155509. [PMID: 38452403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases play a crucial role in the onset of colorectal cancer (CRC). Effectively impeding the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) can be instrumental in hindering CRC development. Wu-Mei-Pill (WMP), a formulation comprising various herbal extracts, is clinically employed for CAC treatment, yet the underlying mechanism of WMP's efficacy in CAC remains unclear. Our study firstly demonstrated the effects and mechanisms of WMP on transcriptional and metabolic levels based on integrated transcriptomics and untargeted metabolomics and relative experimental validations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A CAC mouse model was established through a single injection of azoxymethane (AOM) followed by intermittent dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) intervention, with subsequent WMP administration. Initially, the therapeutic impact of WMP on the CAC model was assessed by observing survival rate, body weight change, colon length, tumor number, tumor load, and pathological changes in the colon tissue of CAC mice post-WMP intervention. Subsequently, differential genes and metabolites in the colorectal tissue of CAC mice following WMP intervention were identified through transcriptomics and non-targeted metabolomics. Finally, the influence of WMP on the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, Wnt pathway, and CC motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3)/ CC motif chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) axis in CAC mice was verified through western blot, immunofluorescence, and ELISA based on the results of transcriptomics and non-targeted metabolomics. RESULTS WMP intervention enhanced survival, alleviated body weight loss, shortened colon length, tumor occurrence, and pathological changes in the colorectal tissue of CAC mice, such as glandular damage, tumourigenesis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Transcriptomic and non-targeted metabolomic results revealed that WMP intervention up-regulated the expression of key regulatory mechanisms of fatty acid oxidation PPAR pathway-related genes (Pparg, Ppara, Cpt1a, and Acadm) and metabolites (L-carnitine and L-palmitoylcarnitine). Additionally, it down-regulated Wnt pathway-related genes (Wnt3, Axin2, Tcf7, Mmp7, Lgr5, Wnt5a, Fzd6, Wnt7b, Lef1, and Fzd10 etc.) and pro-inflammatory related genes (Il1b, Il6, Il17a, Ccl3, and Ccr1 etc.). Experimental validation demonstrated that WMP up-regulated PPAR pathway-related proteins [PPARγ, PPARα, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain (ACADM)] in the colorectal tissue of CAC mice. It also down-regulated Wnt pathway-related proteins [β-catenin, T-cell factor (TCF), lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (LEF), and matrix metallopeptidase 7 (MMP7)], inhibited the nuclear translocation of the key transcription factor β-catenin in the Wnt pathway, and suppressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activation induced by the Wnt pathway (up-regulated E-cadherin and down-regulated Vimentin). Furthermore, WMP intervention reduced pro-inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-17A] and decreased CCL3/CCR1 axis factors, including CCL3 protein levels and diminished F4/80+CCR1+ positive expressed cells. CONCLUSION WMP significantly inhibits CAC tumorigenesis by up-regulating PPARα-mediated fatty acid oxidation, inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway-mediated EMT, and suppressing CCL3/CCR1-mediated inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huantian Cui
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yutong Jin
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ning Wang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Haizhao Liu
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rongli Shu
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiangling Wang
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Beitian Jia
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuhong Bian
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Weibo Wen
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
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Liu S, Liu M, Li Y, Song Q. N6-methyladenosine-dependent signaling in colorectal cancer: Functions and clinical potential. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 198:104360. [PMID: 38615872 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent malignancy worldwide. Despite the gradual expansion of therapeutic options for CRC, its clinical management remains a formidable challenge. And, because of the current dearth of technical means for early CRC screening, most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools for this disease. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the predominant RNA modification in eukaryotes, can be recognized by m6A-specific methylated reading proteins to modulate gene expression. Studies have revealed that CRC disrupts m6A homeostasis through various mechanisms, thereby sustaining aberrant signal transduction and promoting its own progression. Consequently, m6A-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have garnered widespread attention. Although utilizing m6A as a biomarker and drug target has demonstrated promising feasibility, existing observations primarily stem from preclinical models; henceforth necessitating further investigation and resolution of numerous outstanding issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Liu
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhou Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Zhao E, Huang C, Pan X, Shu F, Liu Z, Tang N, Li F, Liao W. Deubiquitinase USP4 suppresses antitumor immunity by inhibiting IRF3 activation and tumor cell-intrinsic interferon response in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216836. [PMID: 38556105 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the approval of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for various tumor types, its effectiveness is limited to only approximately 15% of patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). Approximately 80%-85% of CRC patients have a microsatellite stability (MSS) phenotype, which features a rare T-cell infiltration. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying resistance to ICB in patients with MSS CRC is imperative. In this study, we demonstrate that ubiquitin-specific peptidase 4 (USP4) is upregulated in MSS CRC tumors and negatively regulates the immune response against tumors in CRC. Additionally, USP4 represses the cellular interferon (IFN) response and antigen presentation and impairs PRR signaling-mediated cell death. Mechanistically, USP4 impedes the nuclear localization of interferon regulator Factor 3 (IRF3) by deubiquitinating the K63-polyubiquitin chain of TRAF6 and IRF3. Knockdown of USP4 enhances the infiltration of T cells in CRC tumors and overcomes ICB resistance in an MC38 syngeneic mouse model. Moreover, published datasets revealed that patients showing higher USP4 expression exhibited decreased responsiveness to anti-PD-L1 therapy. These findings highlight an essential role of USP4 in the suppression of antitumor immunity in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Huali Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Enen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Chengmei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Xingyan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Feng Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fengtian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China; School of Biosciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenting Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, PR China.
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Xuekai L, Yan S, Jian C, Yifei S, Xinyue W, Wenyuan Z, Shuwen H, Xi Y. Advances in reprogramming of energy metabolism in tumor T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347181. [PMID: 38415258 PMCID: PMC10897011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of human death worldwide, and the modulation of the metabolic properties of T cells employed in cancer immunotherapy holds great promise for combating cancer. As a crucial factor, energy metabolism influences the activation, proliferation, and function of T cells, and thus metabolic reprogramming of T cells is a unique research perspective in cancer immunology. Special conditions within the tumor microenvironment and high-energy demands lead to alterations in the energy metabolism of T cells. In-depth research on the reprogramming of energy metabolism in T cells can reveal the mechanisms underlying tumor immune tolerance and provide important clues for the development of new tumor immunotherapy strategies as well. Therefore, the study of T cell energy metabolism has important clinical significance and potential applications. In the study, the current achievements in the reprogramming of T cell energy metabolism were reviewed. Then, the influencing factors associated with T cell energy metabolism were introduced. In addition, T cell energy metabolism in cancer immunotherapy was summarized, which highlighted its potential significance in enhancing T cell function and therapeutic outcomes. In summary, energy exhaustion of T cells leads to functional exhaustion, thus resulting in immune evasion by cancer cells. A better understanding of reprogramming of T cell energy metabolism may enable immunotherapy to combat cancer and holds promise for optimizing and enhancing existing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Xuekai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chu Jian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Song Yifei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Wu Xinyue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhang Wenyuan
- Department of Gynecology, Heyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heyuan, China
| | - Han Shuwen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
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Jin Q, Feng J, Yan Y, Kuang Y. Prognostic and immunological role of adaptor related protein complex 3 subunit mu2 in colon cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:483. [PMID: 38177168 PMCID: PMC10767120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The expression levels and prognostic role of AP3M2 in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC) have yet to be fully unveiled. Our study comprehensively investigated the clinical significance of AP3M2 in colorectal cancer through an extensive bioinformatics data mining process (TCGA, GEO, GEPIA, Timer, Ualcan, ROCPLOT, and David), followed by experimental validation. We found AP3M2 is a cancer gene, which can be used to distinguish between colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, colorectal polyp. Higher AP3M2 expression levels were associated with longer overall survival in colon adenocarcinoma. AP3M2 might be the primary biomarker for oxaliplatin in colon cancer and an acquired resistance biomarker for oxaliplatin and 5-fu. AP3M2 was positively associated with CD274, CTLA4. AP3M2 might be associated with T-cell, NF-kappaB transcription factor activity, and response to hypoxia. AP3M2 could predict chemotherapy effectiveness and prognosis for colon cancer patients. AP3M2 might inhibit tumor growth via influencing tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the context of Tumor microenvironment. AP3M2 plays as an oncogene in CRAC and is suggested as a new potential biotarget for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiahao Feng
- Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yang Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Kuang
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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6
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Chen C, Jiang X, Zhao Z. Inhibition or promotion, the potential role of arginine metabolism in immunotherapy for colorectal cancer. ALL LIFE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2163306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Wang QH, Yan PC, Shi LZ, Teng YJ, Gao XJ, Yao LQ, Liang ZW, Zhou MH, Han W, Li R. PABPN1 functions as a predictive biomarker in colorectal carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:40. [PMID: 38158471 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE PABPN1 acts as a modulator of poly(A) tail length and alternative polyadenylation. This research was aimed to explore the role of PABPN1 in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Public databases were performed to analyze expression, location, roles of prognosis and tumor immunity and interaction with RNAs and proteins of PABPN1. To investigate PABPN1 expression in tissues, 78 CRC specimens were collected to conduct IHC, and 30 pairs of frozen CRC and corresponding adjacent normal tissues were used to conduct qRT-PCR and WB. In addition, in vitro experiments were then carried out to identify the role of PABPN1 in CRC. RESULTS Compared with normal tissues, PABPN1 expression was significant higher in CRC. Its high level predicted poor outcome of CRC. Th1 and Treg had significant negative relationships not only with PABPN1 expression, but also with six molecules interacting with PABPN1, including IFT172, KIAA0895L, RECQL4, WDR6, PABPC1 and NCBP1. In addition, PABPN1 had negative relationships with quite a few immune markers, such as CSF1R, IL-10, CCL2 and so on. In cellular experiments, silencing PABPN1 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in HCT-116 CRC cells. CONCLUSION In summary, PABPN1 might become a novel biomarker and correlate with tumor immunity in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ci Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Zhou Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jie Teng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Gao
- Department of Pathology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qian Yao
- Department of Pathology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wei Liang
- Central Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of General Surgery, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Griffith BD, Lazarus J, McGue J, Krishnan S, D’Angelica MI, Shia J, Dobrosotskaya I, Shi J, Edwards J, Rao A, Frankel TL. Unique characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment in young patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1289402. [PMID: 38152402 PMCID: PMC10751347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1289402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains a common and highly morbid disease, with a recent increase in incidence in patients younger than 50 years. There is an acute need to better understand differences in tumor biology, molecular characteristics, and other age-related differences in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Methods 111 patients undergoing curative-intent resection of colorectal liver metastases were stratified by age into those <50 years or >65 years old, and tumors were subjected to multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry (mfIHC) to characterize immune infiltration and cellular engagement. Results There was no difference in infiltration or proportion of immune cells based upon age, but the younger cohort had a higher proportion of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)+ expressing antigen presenting cells (APCs) and demonstrated decreased intercellular distance and increased cellular engagement between tumor cells (TCs) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and between TCs and APCs. These trends were independent of microsatellite instability in tumors. Discussion Age-related differences in PD-L1 expression and cellular engagement in the tumor microenvironment of patients with mCRC, findings which were unrelated to microsatellite status, suggest a more active immune microenvironment in younger patients that may offer an opportunity for therapeutic intervention with immune based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D. Griffith
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jenny Lazarus
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jake McGue
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Santhoshi Krishnan
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael I. D’Angelica
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jinru Shia
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Irina Dobrosotskaya
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jaiqi Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jacob Edwards
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Arvind Rao
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Timothy L. Frankel
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Parvez A, Choudhary F, Mudgal P, Khan R, Qureshi KA, Farooqi H, Aspatwar A. PD-1 and PD-L1: architects of immune symphony and immunotherapy breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1296341. [PMID: 38106415 PMCID: PMC10722272 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1296341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PD-1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein-1) and PD-L1 (Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1) play a crucial role in regulating the immune system and preventing autoimmunity. Cancer cells can manipulate this system, allowing them to escape immune detection and promote tumor growth. Therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have transformed cancer treatment and have demonstrated significant effectiveness against various cancer types. This study delves into the structure and signaling dynamics of PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1/PD-L2, the diverse PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and their efficacy, and the resistance observed in some patients. Furthermore, this study explored the challenges associated with the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment approach. Recent advancements in the combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical procedures to enhance patient outcomes have also been highlighted. Overall, this study offers an in-depth overview of the significance of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy and its future implications in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Parvez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Furqan Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyal Mudgal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahila Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia, Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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10
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Zeting Y, Shuli M, Yue L, Haowei F, Jing S, Yueping Z, Jie W, Teng C, Wanli D, Zhang K, Peihao Y. Tissue adhesive indocyanine green-locking granular gel-mediated photothermal therapy combined with checkpoint inhibitor for preventing postsurgical recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10576. [PMID: 38023716 PMCID: PMC10658503 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing effective therapy to inhibit postoperative recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is challenging and significant to reduce mortality and morbidity. Here, a granular hydrogel, assembled from gelatin microgels by dialdehyde starch and interpenetrated with in situ polymerized poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) (P(SBMA-co-NIPAM)), is prepared to load and lock Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved indocyanine green (ICG) with definite photothermal function and biosafety for photothermal therapy (PTT) combining with checkpoint inhibitor. The presence of P(SBMA-co-NIPAM) endows granular hydrogel with high retention to water-soluble ICG, preventing easy diffusion and rapid scavenging of ICG. The ICG-locking granular hydrogel can be spread and adhered onto the surgery site at wet state in vivo, exerting a persistent and stable PTT effect. Combined with αPD-L1 treatment, ICG-locking granular hydrogel-mediated PTT can eradicate postsurgery residual and metastatic tumors, and prevent long-term tumor recurrence. Further mechanistic studies indicate that combination treatment effectively promotes dendritic cells maturation in lymph nodes, enhances the number and infiltration of CD8+ T and CD4+ T cells in tumor tissue, and improves memory T cell number in spleen, thus activating the antitumor immune response. Overall, ICG-locking gel-mediated PTT is expected to exhibit broad clinical applications in postoperative treatment of cancers, like CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zeting
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine & Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiP. R. China
| | - Ma Shuli
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine & Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
| | - Li Yue
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine & Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Fang Haowei
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Shang Jing
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine & Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiP. R. China
| | - Zhan Yueping
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine & Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Wang Jie
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Chen Teng
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Deng Wanli
- Department of Oncology, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Kunxi Zhang
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine & Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yin Peihao
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine & Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiP. R. China
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11
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Cheng Y, Chang F, Gong Y, Lu P. A Study on the Clinical Significance of Blood Exosomal PD-L1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients and its Correlation with PD-L1 in Tumor Tissues. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:788-793. [PMID: 37459865 DOI: 10.1055/a-2110-7497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Exosomal programmed cell-death ligand 1 (ePD-L1) can influence immune inhibition and dysfunction. We were dedicated to unearthing the relation between ePD-L1 in blood and pathological characteristics as well as PD-L1 in tumor tissues. We recruited 65 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients for exosome extraction and detected the blood ePD-L1 expression in these patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Besides, the correlation between blood ePD-L1 and patients' pathological characteristics was also analyzed. The expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues was tested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and its correlation with blood ePD-L1 expression level was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient. No significant correlation was observed in PD-L1 expression levels between blood-derived exosome and tumor tissue. Altogether, high blood ePD-L1 expression was relevant to NSCLC progression, while no such relevance to PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanxi Jishan County People's Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Feiyun Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanmei Gong
- Department of Oncology, Shanxi Yuncheng Center Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy Head and Neck Comprehensive Ward, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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12
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Li J, Ji Y, Chen N, Dai L, Deng H. Colitis-associated carcinogenesis: crosstalk between tumors, immune cells and gut microbiota. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:194. [PMID: 37875976 PMCID: PMC10594787 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. One of the main causes of colorectal cancer is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), intestinal mesenchymal cells (IMCs), immune cells, and gut microbiota construct the main body of the colon and maintain colon homeostasis. In the development of colitis and colitis-associated carcinogenesis, the damage, disorder or excessive recruitment of different cells such as IECs, IMCs, immune cells and intestinal microbiota play different roles during these processes. This review aims to discuss the various roles of different cells and the crosstalk of these cells in transforming intestinal inflammation to cancer, which provides new therapeutic methods for chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and microbial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junshu Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke Yuan Road 4, No. 1 Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Ji
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke Yuan Road 4, No. 1 Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke Yuan Road 4, No. 1 Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke Yuan Road 4, No. 1 Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hongxin Deng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Ke Yuan Road 4, No. 1 Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Moreta-Moraleda C, Queralt C, Vendrell-Ayats C, Forcales S, Martínez-Balibrea E. Chromatin factors: Ready to roll as biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer? Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106924. [PMID: 37709185 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer globally and stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities in 2020. Survival rates for metastatic disease have slightly improved in recent decades, with clinical trials showing median overall survival of approximately 24-30 months. This progress can be attributed to the integration of chemotherapeutic treatments alongside targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Despite these modest improvements, the primary obstacle to successful treatment for advanced CRC lies in the development of chemoresistance, whether inherent or acquired, which remains the major cause of treatment failure. Epigenetics has emerged as a hallmark of cancer, contributing to master transcription regulation and genome stability maintenance. As a result, epigenetic factors are starting to appear as potential clinical biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment response in CRC.In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the influence of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodelers on responses to chemotherapeutic treatments. While there is accumulating evidence indicating their significant involvement in various types of cancers, the exact relationship between chromatin landscapes and treatment modulation in CRC remains elusive. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the most pertinent and extensively researched epigenetic-associated mechanisms described between 2015 and 2022 and their potential usefulness as predictive biomarkers in the metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moreta-Moraleda
- Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08917 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Group of Inflammation, Immunity and Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute ( IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals 3a Planta, Av. Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Queralt
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Carla Vendrell-Ayats
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CARE Program, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Sonia Forcales
- Serra Húnter Programme, Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08917 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Group of Inflammation, Immunity and Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute ( IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals 3a Planta, Av. Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Eva Martínez-Balibrea
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CARE Program, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain.
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14
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Pi H, Liang S, Liu H, Lu S, Huang L. Anti-PD-1 therapy for advanced colorectal cancer based on intestinal microecology. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23438. [PMID: 37421170 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effects of anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) therapy on advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) based on the intestinal microecology. Ninety-two patients with advanced CRC were selected. Patients were treated with Apatinib alone or anti PD-1 treatment combined with Apatinib. The lactulose/mannitol (L/M) value of the urine was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The changes of intestinal microflora were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The risk factors were analyzed through multivariate logistic regression analysis. The curative effect of anti PD-1 treatment combined with the Apatinib treatment (82.61%) was much higher than that of the Apatinib treatment alone (63.04%, p < 0.05). After treatment, the contents of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus faecalis were higher with lower levels of Escherichia coli in the observation group than the control (p < 0.05). The level of D-lactic acid and urinary L/M value of the urine in the observation group was lower than that in control after treatment (p < 0.001). The patients had a 3-year survival rate of 91.30%. Age >60 years old, histological types of mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma, vascular tumor thrombus, nerve invasion, TNM stage of Ⅲ-Ⅳ were independent risk factors, and anti PD-1 treatment was the protective factor (p < 0.05). In advanced CRC patients receiving anti PD-1 treatment combined with the Apatinib treatment, the progression of advanced CRC was effectively controlled by maintaining the intestinal microflora balance. Anti PD-1 therapy can improve the living quality of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongquan Pi
- Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulan Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengxiang Lu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Libing Huang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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15
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Yi J, Lin P, Li Q, Zhang A, Kong X. A new strategy for treating colorectal cancer: Regulating the influence of intestinal flora and oncolytic virus on interferon. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 30:254-274. [PMID: 37701850 PMCID: PMC10493895 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest incidence and the second highest mortality in the world, which seriously affects human health, while current treatments methods for CRC, including systemic therapy, preoperative radiotherapy, and surgical local excision, still have poor survival rates for patients with metastatic disease, making it critical to develop new strategies for treating CRC. In this article, we found that the gut microbiota can modulate the signaling pathways of cancer cells through direct contact with tumor cells, generate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress through interactions between the innate and adaptive immune systems, and produce diverse metabolic combinations to trigger specific immune responses and promote the initiation of systemic type I interferon (IFN-I) and anti-viral immunity. In addition, oncolytic virus-mediated immunotherapy for regulating oncolytic virus can directly lyse tumor cells, induce the immune activity of the body, interact with interferon, inhibit the anti-viral effect of IFN-I, and enhance the anti-tumor effect of IFN-II. Interferon plays an important role in the anti-tumor process. We put forward that exploring the effects of intestinal flora and oncolytic virus on interferon to treat CRC is a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Peizhe Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qingbo Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xianbin Kong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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16
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He X, Lan H, Jin K, Liu F. Can immunotherapy reinforce chemotherapy efficacy? a new perspective on colorectal cancer treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1237764. [PMID: 37790928 PMCID: PMC10543914 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the main threats to human life (the fourth most dangerous and prevalent cancer), colorectal cancer affects many people yearly, decreases patients' quality of life, and causes irreparable financial and social damages. In addition, this type of cancer can metastasize and involve the liver in advanced stages. However, current treatments can't completely eradicate this disease. Chemotherapy and subsequent surgery can be mentioned among the current main treatments for this disease. Chemotherapy has many side effects, and regarding the treatment of this type of tumor, chemotherapy can lead to liver damage, such as steatohepatitis, steatosis, and sinus damage. These damages can eventually lead to liver failure and loss of its functions. Therefore, it seems that other treatments can be used in addition to chemotherapy to increase its efficiency and reduce its side effects. Biological therapies and immunotherapy are one of the leading suggestions for combined treatment. Antibodies (immune checkpoint blockers) and cell therapy (DC and CAR-T cells) are among the immune system-based treatments used to treat tumors. Immunotherapy targets various aspects of the tumor that may lead to 1) the recruitment of immune cells, 2) increasing the immunogenicity of tumor cells, and 3) leading to the elimination of inhibitory mechanisms established by the tumor. Therefore, immunotherapy can be used as a complementary treatment along with chemotherapy. This review will discuss different chemotherapy and immunotherapy methods for colorectal cancer. Then we will talk about the studies that have dealt with combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua Wenrong Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fanlong Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Chen S, Zhang L, Wang K, Huo J, Zhang S, Zhang X. The Potential Dual Role of H2.0-like Homeobox in the Tumorgenesis and Development of Colorectal Cancer and Its Prognostic Value. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023:5521544. [PMID: 37719132 PMCID: PMC10505080 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5521544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background H2.0-like homeobox (HLX) is highly expressed in several hematopoietic malignancies. However, the role of HLX in the carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients has rarely been reported. Methods In this study, the data were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The diagnostic value of HLX was analyzed by the R package "pROC." The overall survival was estimated using the "survival" and "survminer" packages. A nomogram was established to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival of CRC patients. The CIBERSORT software was employed to calculate the relative proportions of 22 immune cells. Results HLX expression was downregulated in CRC patients. Remarkably, HLX expression was increased with stage (stage I-stage III) of CRC, and the CRC patients with high HLX expression exhibited a poor prognosis. The promoter methylation level of HLX was prominently increased in CRC samples compared to paracancerous samples. We also found that the six miRNAs target HLX genes, leading to its downregulation, and HLX expression had a negative correlation with its downstream target gene BRI3BP in both CRC and normal samples. Finally, we found that the 12 immune infiltrating cells were observably different between high and low HLX expression groups. The HLX had a significant positive correlation with 8 immune checkpoints (PD-1 (PDCD1), CTLA4, PDL-1 (CD274), PDL-2 (PDCD1LG2), CD80, CD86, LAG3, and TIGIT) expressions. Conclusion HLX probably played a carcinostasis role in the early stages of CRC but exhibited a cancer-promoting effect in the advanced stages. Meanwhile, HLX could serve as a reliable prognostic indicator for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Jizhen Huo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Army Hospital of the 80th Group, Weicheng District, Weifang 261021, Shandong, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300074, China
| | - Xipeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China
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18
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Dai X, Ding W, He Y, Huang S, Liu Y, Wu T. Refractory microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer with ERBB2/ERBB3 mutation may be preferred population for regorafenib plus PD-1 inhibitor therapy: a real-world study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1227644. [PMID: 37681031 PMCID: PMC10482431 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1227644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) has been referred to as the "cold tumor" because of almost no response to anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody. A recent REGONIVO trial showed that regorafenib plus nivolumab had an encouraging efficacy in MSS metastatic CRC (mCRC). However, only a small subset of patients may benefit from the combination therapy. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety data of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with regorafenib in refractory MSS mCRC and to discover biomarkers that can effectively stratify the beneficial patient population. Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients with MSS mCRC who received regorafenib combined with anti-PD-1 antibody therapy. The objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and status of gene mutation were reviewed and evaluated. Results Twenty-one patients received combination treatment. At a median treatment duration of 4 months, one patient achieved complete response, three patients achieved partial response, and two patients achieved stable disease as the best response. The ORR and DCR were 19% and 28.5% in the overall population, respectively. The median PFS was 4 months, and the median OS was 25 months. Only erbb2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2/erbb3 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (ERBB2/ERBB3) mutation status was confirmed to be a potential predictive factor for effective treatment. In patients with ERBB2/ERBB3 mutation, ORR, DCR, and PFS exhibited significant improvements in comparison with that in wild-type patients. Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events occurred in three patients (14.3%). Conclusions Regorafenib in combination with PD-1 inhibitor provides a feasible treatment regimen for refractory MSS mCRC with tolerated toxicity. Patients with ERBB2/ERBB3 mutation may be the preferred population for this combination regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yun Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingyu Wu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen J, Zhu T, Jiang G, Zeng Q, Li Z, Huang X. Target delivery of a PD-1-TREM2 scFv by CAR-T cells enhances anti-tumor efficacy in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:131. [PMID: 37563723 PMCID: PMC10413520 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) -T cell therapy is an efficient therapeutic strategy for specific hematologic malignancies. However, positive outcomes of this novel therapy in treating solid tumors are curtailed by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), wherein signaling of the checkpoint programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 directly inhibits T-cell responses. Although checkpoint-targeted immunotherapy succeeds in increasing the number of T cells produced to control tumor growth, the desired effect is mitigated by the action of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the TME. Previous studies have confirmed that targeting triggering-receptor-expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) on TAMs and MDSCs enhances the outcomes of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. METHODS We constructed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific CAR-T cells for colorectal cancer (CRC)-specific antigens with an autocrine PD-1-TREM2 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) to target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, MDSCs and TAMs. RESULTS We found that the PD-1-TREM2-targeting scFv inhibited the activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. In addition, these secreted scFvs blocked the binding of ligands to TREM2 receptors present on MDSCs and TAMs, reduced the proportion of MDSCs and TAMs, and enhanced T-cell effector function, thereby mitigating immune resistance in the TME. PD-1-TREM2 scFv-secreting CAR-T cells resulted in highly effective elimination of tumors compared to that achieved with PD-1 scFv-secreting CAR-T therapy in a subcutaneous CRC mouse model. Moreover, the PD-1-TREM2 scFv secreted by CAR-T cells remained localized within tumors and exhibited an extended half-life. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results indicate that PD-1-TREM2 scFv-secreting CAR-T cells have strong potential as an effective therapy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianchuan Zhu
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanmin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Foshan, 528000, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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20
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Du HX, Hong CX, Yu T. Carrilizumab for treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: Short-term efficacy and impact on immune function and PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2023; 31:647-654. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v31.i15.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumours in China, and chemotherapy is the main treatment modality for patients with advanced colorectal cancer, which results in toxic side effects and reduces patients' quality of life. Since the occurrence of toxic side effects is related to patients' immunity and other factors, it is important to study whether the combined injection of carrilizumab with chemotherapy can positively affect patients' conditions by influencing the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) signalling pathway.
AIM To investigate the possible mechanism of carrilizumab for injection to improve immune function in advanced colorectal cancer, and to analyze its regulatory effect on the PD-1/ PD-L1 signaling pathway.
METHODS A prospective randomised controlled study (RCT) was performed to include 127 patients with advanced colorectal cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to October 2021, and they were divided into a control group (n = 63) and a study group (n = 64) using the computerised random number method. The control group was given oxaliplatin + capecitabine, and the study group was given oxaliplatin + capecitabine + carrilizumab for injection. The therapeutic effect, toxicity and side effects, survival status, PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, tumor markers [carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242), thymidine kinase 1 (TK1), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)], and nutritional status indicators [albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (HGB), prealbumin (PA), transferrin (TF), and patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA)] before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS After four cycles of treatment, the disease control rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05); the mRNA and protein levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); serum ALB, PA, and TF levels and PG-SGA scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05); and serum CA125, CA242, TK1, and CEA in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of toxic and side effects or survival rate between the two groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION Camrelizumab for injection combined with oxaliplatin and capecitabine in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer can improve the disease control rate, may reduce the impact of chemotherapy drugs on the nutritional status of the body by inhibiting the activation of PD-1/PD-L1 signal pathway, thus improving the immune function of the body, and has good safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xu Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Chun-Xia Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China
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21
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Angulo-Aguado M, Orjuela-Amarillo S, Mora-Jácome JF, Córdoba LP, Gallego-Ortiz A, Gaviria-Sabogal CC, Contreras N, Figueroa C, Ortega-Recalde O, Morel A, Fonseca-Mendoza DJ. Functional analysis of CTLA4 promoter variant and its possible implication in colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1160368. [PMID: 37601778 PMCID: PMC10436101 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1160368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent cancer, ranking as the third most common. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular causes of this disease have highlighted the crucial role of tumor immune evasion in its initiation and progression. CTLA4, a receptor that acts as a negative regulator of T cell responses, plays a pivotal role in this process, and genetic variations in CTLA4 have been linked to CRC susceptibility, prognosis, and response to therapy. Methods We conducted a case-control study involving 98 CRC patients and 424 controls. We genotyped the CTLA4 c.-319C > T variant (rs5742909) and performed an association analysis by comparing allele frequencies between the patients and controls. To assess the potential functional impact of this variant, we first performed an In Silico analysis of transcription factor binding sites using Genomatix. Finally, to validate our findings, we conducted a luciferase reporter gene assay using different cell lines and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results The case-control association analysis revealed a significant association between CTLA4 c.-319C > T and CRC susceptibility (p = 0.023; OR 1.89; 95% CI = 1.11-3.23). Genomatix analysis identified LEF1 and TCF7 transcription factors as specific binders to CTLA4 c.-319C. The reporter gene assay demonstrated notable differences in luciferase activity between the c.-319 C and T alleles in COS-7, HCT116, and Jurkat cell lines. EMSA analysis showed differences in TCF7 interaction with the CTLA4 C and T alleles. Conclusion CTLA4 c.-319C > T is associated with CRC susceptibility. Based on our functional validation results, we proposed that CTLA4 c.-319C > T alters gene expression at the transcriptional level, triggering a stronger negative regulation of T-cells and immune tumoral evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Angulo-Aguado
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sarah Orjuela-Amarillo
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julián Francisco Mora-Jácome
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lea Paloma Córdoba
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Antonio Gallego-Ortiz
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Cristian Camilo Gaviria-Sabogal
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nora Contreras
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Figueroa
- Departamento de Coloproctología, Hospital Universitario Mayor-Méderi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar Ortega-Recalde
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adrien Morel
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Dora Janeth Fonseca-Mendoza
- Universidad Del Rosario, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), Institute of Translational Medicine (IMT), Bogotá, Colombia
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22
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Ji Z, Shen J, Lan Y, Yi Q, Liu H. Targeting signaling pathways in osteosarcoma: Mechanisms and clinical studies. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e308. [PMID: 37441462 PMCID: PMC10333890 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly prevalent bone malignancy among adolescents, accounting for 40% of all primary malignant bone tumors. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb-preserving surgery has effectively reduced patient disability and mortality, but pulmonary metastases and OS cells' resistance to chemotherapeutic agents are pressing challenges in the clinical management of OS. There has been an urgent need to identify new biomarkers for OS to develop specific targeted therapies. Recently, the continued advancements in genomic analysis have contributed to the identification of clinically significant molecular biomarkers for diagnosing OS, acting as therapeutic targets, and predicting prognosis. Additionally, the contemporary molecular classifications have revealed that the signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT3, Hippo, Notch, PD-1/PD-L1, MAPK, and NF-κB, have an integral role in OS onset, progression, metastasis, and treatment response. These molecular classifications and biological markers have created new avenues for more accurate OS diagnosis and relevant treatment. We herein present a review of the recent findings for the modulatory role of signaling pathways as possible biological markers and treatment targets for OS. This review also discusses current OS therapeutic approaches, including signaling pathway-based therapies developed over the past decade. Additionally, the review covers the signaling targets involved in the curative effects of traditional Chinese medicines in the context of expression regulation of relevant genes and proteins through the signaling pathways to inhibit OS cell growth. These findings are expected to provide directions for integrating genomic, molecular, and clinical profiles to enhance OS diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Ji
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Jianlin Shen
- Department of OrthopaedicsAffiliated Hospital of Putian UniversityPutianFujianChina
| | - Yujian Lan
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
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23
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Sampaio-Ribeiro G, Ruivo A, Silva A, Santos AL, Oliveira RC, Gama J, Cipriano MA, Tralhão JG, Paiva A. Innate Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of Liver Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer: Contribution to a Comprehensive Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3222. [PMID: 37370832 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent type of cancer, and liver metastasis is the most common site of metastatic development. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), various innate immune cells are known to influence cancer progression and metastasis occurrence. CD274 (PD-L1) and CD206 (MRC1) are proteins that have been associated with poor prognosis and disease progression. We conducted a study on tumoral and non-tumoral biopsies from 47 patients with CRC liver metastasis, using flow cytometry to phenotypically characterize innate immune cells. Our findings showed an increase in the expression of CD274 on classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes when comparing tumor with non-tumor samples. Furthermore, tumor samples with a desmoplastic growth pattern exhibited a significantly decreased percentage of CD274- and CD206-positive cells in all monocyte populations compared to non-desmoplastic samples. We found a correlation between a lower expression of CD206 or CD274 on classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes and increased disease-free survival, which points to a better prognosis for these patients. In conclusion, our study has identified potential new targets and biomarkers that could be incorporated into a personalized medicine approach to enhance the outcome for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Sampaio-Ribeiro
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Ruivo
- Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Silva
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Lúcia Santos
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Caetano Oliveira
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Germano de Sousa-Centro de Diagnóstico Histopatológico CEDAP, 3000-377 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre of Investigation on Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical and Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Gama
- Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Augusta Cipriano
- Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Guilherme Tralhão
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Surgery Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre of Investigation on Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical and Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Paiva
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Ciências Biomédicas Laboratoriais, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
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Tramontano C, De Stefano L, Rea I. Diatom-Based Nanomedicine for Colorectal Cancer Treatment: New Approaches for Old Challenges. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050266. [PMID: 37233460 DOI: 10.3390/md21050266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the most prevalent and lethal cancers globally. To address this emergency, countries have developed diffuse screening programs and innovative surgical techniques with a consequent decrease in mortality rates in non-metastatic patients. However, five years after diagnosis, metastatic CRC is still characterized by less than 20% survival. Most patients with metastatic CRC cannot be surgically treated. For them, the only option is treatment with conventional chemotherapies, which cause harmful side effects in normal tissues. In this context, nanomedicine can help traditional medicine overcome its limits. Diatomite nanoparticles (DNPs) are innovative nano-based drug delivery systems derived from the powder of diatom shells. Diatomite is a porous biosilica largely found in many areas of the world and approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for pharmaceutical and animal feed formulations. Diatomite nanoparticles with a size between 300 and 400 nm were shown to be biocompatible nanocarriers capable of delivering chemotherapeutic agents against specific targets while reducing off-target effects. This review discusses the treatment of colorectal cancer with conventional methods, highlighting the drawbacks of standard medicine and exploring innovative options based on the use of diatomite-based drug delivery systems. Three targeted treatments are considered: anti-angiogenetic drugs, antimetastatic drugs, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tramontano
- Institute of Applied Science and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy-Naples Unit, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Institute of Applied Science and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy-Naples Unit, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rea
- Institute of Applied Science and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council of Italy-Naples Unit, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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25
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Kula A, Dawidowicz M, Mielcarska S, Kiczmer P, Skiba H, Krygier M, Chrabańska M, Piecuch J, Szrot M, Robotycka J, Ochman B, Strzałkowska B, Czuba Z, Świętochowska E, Waniczek D. Overexpression and Role of HHLA2, a Novel Immune Checkpoint, in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065876. [PMID: 36982953 PMCID: PMC10057377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate correlations between HHLA2 levels and parameters, including microsatellite instability (MSI) status, CD8+ cells, and histopathological features: budding, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), TNM scale, grading, cytokines, chemokines, and cell signaling moleculesin colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, the immune infiltration landscape and HHLA2-related pathways in colorectal cancer using available online datasets were analyzed. The study included 167 patients diagnosed with CRC. Expression of HHLA2 was detected by immunohistochemistry method (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IHC was used to evaluate the MSI and CD8+ status. The budding and TILs were measured using a light microscope. The concentrations of cytokines, chemokines, and cell signaling molecules were measured to analyze the data by the Bio-Plex Pro Human cytokine screening panel, 48 cytokine assay, and principal component analysis (PCA). Geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify HHLA2-related pathways. The biological function of HHLA2 was predicted by Gene Ontology (GO). Analysis of the immune infiltration landscape of HHLA2 in colorectal cancer was made by the web-based tool Camoip. High HHLA2 expression was detected in CRC tumor tissues compared to the adjacent noncancerous tissues. The percentage of HHLA2-positive tumors was 97%. GSEA and GO showed that HHLA2 upregulation correlated with cancer-related pathways and several biological functions. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes score correlated positively with IHC HHLA2 expression level percentage. There was a negative correlation between HHLA2, anti-tumor cytokines and pro-tumor growth factors. This study provides a valuable insight into the role of HHLA2 in CRC. We reveal the role of HHLA2 expression as well as a stimulatory and inhibitory immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer. Further research may verify the therapeutic values of the HHLA2-KIR3DL3/TMIGD2 pathway in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kula
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Miriam Dawidowicz
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sylwia Mielcarska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Paweł Kiczmer
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Hanna Skiba
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krygier
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chrabańska
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jerzy Piecuch
- Department of General and Bariatric Surgery and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Szrot
- Department of General and Bariatric Surgery and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Julia Robotycka
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Błażej Ochman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Strzałkowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Zenon Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Świętochowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dariusz Waniczek
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
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Construction of a Prognostic Model for Predicting Colorectal Cancer Prognosis and Response to Immunotherapy Based on Cuproptosis-Associated lncRNAs. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:2733232. [PMID: 36968641 PMCID: PMC10033210 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2733232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and highly lethal gastrointestinal malignancy. Immunotherapy has shown positive efficacy in the treatment of CRC; however, only a minority of patients benefit from immunotherapy. The aim of this study is to construct a cuproptosis-related lncRNA (CRLs) risk score model to predict the prognosis and immune infiltration of CRC patients. Firstly, we synthetically analyzed 19 cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) from CRC samples derived from the TCGA and obtained 33 CRLs that were significantly associated with prognosis. Next, we defined three cuproptosis modification patterns via consensus clustering analysis (C1, C2, and C3). Further analysis showed that there were significant differences in the abundance of B cells, NK cells, fibroblasts, monocytes, CD8+ cells, bone marrow dendritic cells, and cytotoxic lymphocytes in different clusters. In addition, the LASSO regression screened out 6 individual CRLs (AC009315.1, PLS3-AS1, ZEB1-AS1, AC007608.3, AC010789.2, and AC010207.1) closely related to the prognosis of CRC. We found that the low-risk group had better survival prognoses in patients. Furthermore, the high-risk group had lower immune scores and exhibited lower CD8+ T cell infiltration. Moreover, the low-risk group had lower immune exclusion, immune dysfunction and TIDE scores than the high-risk group. Interestingly, the lncRNAs in our risk model were positively associated with most immune checkpoints. CD274 (PD-L1), CTLA4, and HAVCR2 (TIM3) were positively correlated with risk scores. Moreover, MSI-H patients had lower risk scores than MSI-L patients, and IPS scores were significantly higher in the low CRLs score group. In conclusion, we constructed a novel risk score model with6 lncRNAs related to cuproptosis, which may be a potential biomarker for evaluating the prognosis and immune treatment for CRC.
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Babar Q, Saeed A, Murugappan S, Dhumal D, Tabish T, Thorat ND. Promise of dostarlimab in cancer therapy: Advancements and cross-talk considerations. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103577. [PMID: 37004983 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, immunotherapy for cancer treatment using monoclonal antibodies has shown clinical success, particularly with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Dostarlimab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, interacts with adaptive immunity by binding to human PD-1, inhibiting PD-L1 and PD-L2 interactions, and cross-talk with adaptive immunity. Recent clinical trials have shown that dostarlimab is effective in treating mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) in endometrial cancer patients, leading to its approval in the United States and the European Union in 2021. This article provides a comprehensive overview of dostarlimab, its therapeutic ability, and the different indications for which it is being used. Dostarlimab could serve as a potential alternative to many cancer treatments that frequently have severe consequences on patients' quality of life. Teaser The comprehensive story behind dostarlimab is how it cured all 18 cancer patients who took part in the experimental clinical trial, ultimately leading to its approval by the US FDA.
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28
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Alimohammadi R, Mahmoodi Chalbatani G, Alimohammadi M, Ghaffari-Nazari H, Rahimi A, Mortaz E, Mossafa N, Boon L, Jalali SA. Dual blockage of both PD-L1 and CD47 enhances the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin and FOLFOX in CT-26 mice tumor model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2472. [PMID: 36774400 PMCID: PMC9922272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a poorly immunogenic. Such property can be reverted by using ICD. However, ICD inducers can also induce the expression of inhibitory checkpoint receptors CD47 and PD-L1 on tumor cells, making CRC tumors resistant to mainly CD8 T cell killing and macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. In this study, we examined the therapeutic effect of Oxaliplatin and FOLFOX regimen in combination with blocking antibodies against CD47 and PD-L1. FOLFOX and Oxaliplatin treatment lead to an increase in CD47 and PD-L1 expression on CT-26 cells invitro and invivo. Combining blocking antibodies against CD47 and PD-L1 with FOLFOX leads to a significant increase in survival and a decrease in tumor size. This triple combining regimen also leads to a significant decrease in Treg and MDSC and a significant increase in CD8 + INF-γ + lymphocytes and M1/M2 macrophage ratio in the tumor microenvironment. Our study showed triple combining therapy with FOLFOX, CD47 and PD-L1 is an effective treatment regimen in CT-26 mice tumor model and may consider as a potential to translate to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198571-7443, Iran
| | - Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani
- Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment (TIME) Group, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Masoumeh Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Ghaffari-Nazari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arezou Rahimi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Mortaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198571-7443, Iran
| | - Nariman Mossafa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198571-7443, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Amir Jalali
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198571-7443, Iran.
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Zhu Y, Li X. Advances of Wnt Signalling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030447. [PMID: 36766788 PMCID: PMC9913588 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a high mortality rate despite the decreasing incidence and new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. CRC arises from both epidemiologic and molecular backgrounds. In addition to hereditary factor and genetic mutations, the strongly varying incidence of CRC is closely linked to chronic inflammatory disorders of the intestine and terrible dietary habits. The Wnt signalling pathway is a complex regulatory network that is implicated in many CRC physiological processes, including cancer occurrence, development, prognosis, invasion, and metastasis. It is currently believed to include classical Wnt/β-catenin, Wnt/PCP, and Wnt/Ca2+. In this review, we summarise the recent mechanisms and potential regulators of the three branches of the Wnt signalling pathway in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Zhu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
- Shandong Kelun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Binzhou 256600, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0531-8838-2612
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Hajibabaei S, Sotoodehnejadnematalahi F, Nafissi N, Zeinali S, Azizi M. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of miR-335 and miR-145 is involved in breast cancer PD-L1 overexpression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1003. [PMID: 36653507 PMCID: PMC9849328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PD-L1 is one of the most important immune checkpoint molecules in breast cancer that plays an important role in suppressing the immune system when confronted with tumor cells and is regulated by various microRNAs. Among them, microRNA-335-3p and microRNA-145-5p, regulated by DNA methylation, have tumor suppressor activities. We studied the role of miR-335 and -145 on PD-L1 suppression in breast cancer. The expression of miR-355 and miR-145 was significantly downregulated in BC tissues and cell lines compared to their controls, and their downregulation was negatively correlated with PD-L1 overexpression. In-silico and luciferase reporter systems confirmed that miR-335 and -145 target PD-L1. In BC tissues and cell lines, cancer-specific methylation was found in CpG-rich areas upstream of miR-335 and-145, and up-regulation of PD-L1 expression was connected with hypermethylation (r = 0.4089, P = 0.0147, and r = 0.3373, P = 0.0475, respectively). The higher levels of miR-355 and -145 in BC cells induced apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle, and reduced proliferation significantly. In summary, we found that miR-335 and -145 are novel tumor suppressors inactivated in BC, and these miRs may serve as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hajibabaei
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Nafissi
- Breast Surgery Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69th Pasteur Street, Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Azizi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69th Pasteur Street, Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen Y, Chen M, Deng K. Blocking the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway to treat colorectal cancer: Strategies to improve current therapies (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 62:24. [PMID: 36579676 PMCID: PMC9854240 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumor types occurring in the digestive system. The incidence of CRC has exhibits yearly increases and the mortality rate among patients with CRC is high. The Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, which is associated with carcinogenesis, is abnormally activated in CRC. Most patients with CRC have adenomatous polyposis coli mutations, while half of the remaining patients have β‑catenin gene mutations. Therefore, targeting the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway for the treatment of CRC is of clinical value. In recent years, with in‑depth research on the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, inhibitors have been developed that are able to suppress or hinder the development and progression of CRC. In the present review, the role of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway in CRC is summarized, the research status on Wnt/β‑catenin pathway inhibitors is outlined and potential targets for inhibition of this pathway are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,The Laboratory of Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Tibetan Chengdu Branch Hospital of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Department of Gerontology, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Professor Mo Chen, Department of Gerontology, Tibetan Chengdu Branch Hospital of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 20 Ximianqiao Cross Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,The Laboratory of Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Kai Deng, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Jian L, Zhicheng H, shubai L. Polysaccharide Peptide Induced Colorectal Cancer Cells Apoptosis by Down-Regulating EGFR and PD-L1 Expression. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2022; 21:e123909. [PMID: 36942063 PMCID: PMC10024323 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-123909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequent death-causing disease in the world. The Trametes versicolor mushroom, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used as anti-cancer medicine with long history. Its cultured mycelia extracts, namely polysaccharide peptide (PSP) as the major active component in Trametes versicolor, is widely used in eastern countries to stimulate the immune system and treat deadly cancers, including CRC. Methods This study aimed to explore the mechanism through which PSP inhibits CRC cells proliferation. In vitro, cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of PSP were assessed using human CRC cell lines (HCT116 and HT29). The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence methods were used to examine the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), c-Jun, and NF-κB in the PSP treated CRC cells. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which were activated with CD3/CD28/CD2 T cell activator and interleukin 2 (IL-2), were co-cultured with HCT116, which was pre-treated with PSP to reduce PD-L1 expression. The synergic effect of T-cells killing was evaluated using the terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. Results Polysaccharide peptide significantly inhibited proliferation of HCT116 and HT29 cell line in vitro. Polysaccharide peptide strongly reduced the expression and phosphorylation level of EGFR. In addition, PSP pretreatment significantly decreased the expression of downstream molecules PD-L1 and EGFR signaling pathways (c-Jun and STAT3) in HCT116. Polysaccharide peptide pretreatment enhanced the T-cells killing effect induced by co-culture PBMC on HCT116 cells. Conclusions Polysaccharide peptide may be used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent against CRC via down-regulating PD-L1 and EGFR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources inWest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - He Zhicheng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources inWest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu shubai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources inWest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding Author: State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P. O. Box 650201, Yunnan, China. Tel: +86-871-6522 3309,
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Zhou W, Zhou W, Bi Y, Zhou Z, Liu Y, Ye J, Lin Z, Xie G, Yuan G, Lian Z, Yao G. Integrative Analysis of Necroptosis-Related Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Osteosarcoma.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2241039/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common and malignant bone tumor among children and adolescents worldwide. Over decades, clinical treatment for osteosarcoma has proven to be intractable. Novel approaches, such as immunotherapy, face immune escape. Thus, exploring potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma is an urgent need.
Method
Gene expression data and clinical information were downloaded from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic necroptosis-related genes (NRGs). A non-negative matrix factorization algorithm (NMF) was used to cluster patients into various molecular subgroups with NRGs. We dealt with multi-collinearity with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Multivariate Cox regression was used to construct the prediction model that divided OS patients into two risk groups. The model's validity was assessed by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Different expression genes (DEGs) between these two groups were conducted for functional analysis, including gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA). Eight algorithms were carried out to evaluate the tumor microenvironment. These marker genes on the single-cell transcriptome were further labeled to explore whether their expression was cell-specific.
Results
Based on the model constructed by 5 NRGs (TLR4, STAT5A, IFNGR1, PYGM, CHMP4C), the patients were divided into two risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group suffered a poorer prognosis than those in the low-risk group. The nomogram was constructed and integrated with clinical features and gene signatures, demonstrating better predictive ability in training and testing cohorts. Immune cell infiltrations were highly associated with the risk score generated by Multivariate Cox. All 5 NRGs can be successfully marked on the feature plot of single-cell RNA-Seq, and two NRGs were associated with cell-specific genes of osteosarcoma pluripotency with statistical significance.
Conclusion
This study can provide a reference for diagnosing molecular subtyping and treating patients with OS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gang Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
| | - Guixin Yuan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
| | - Zhen Lian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
| | - Guanfeng Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
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Tang W, Liu H, Li X, Ooi TC, Rajab NF, Cao H, Sharif R. Efficacy of zinc carnosine in the treatment of colorectal cancer and its potential in combination with immunotherapy in vivo. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8688-8699. [DOI: 10.18632/aging.204380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Tang
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanyuan Liu
- General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Theng Choon Ooi
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hongyong Cao
- General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Razinah Sharif
- Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Biocompatibility Laboratory, Centre for Research and Instrumentation, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Zheng X, Ma Y, Bai Y, Huang T, Lv X, Deng J, Wang Z, Lian W, Tong Y, Zhang X, Yue M, Zhang Y, Li L, Peng M. Identification and validation of immunotherapy for four novel clusters of colorectal cancer based on the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:984480. [PMID: 36389763 PMCID: PMC9650243 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.984480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing year by year. The accurate classification of CRC can realize the purpose of personalized and precise treatment for patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the malignant progression and immunotherapy of CRC. An in-depth understanding of the clusters based on the TME is of great significance for the discovery of new therapeutic targets for CRC. We extracted data on CRC, including gene expression profile, DNA methylation array, somatic mutations, clinicopathological information, and copy number variation (CNV), from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (four datasets—GSE14333, GSE17538, GSE38832, and GSE39582), cBioPortal, and FireBrowse. The MCPcounter was utilized to quantify the abundance of 10 TME cells for CRC samples. Cluster repetitive analysis was based on the Hcluster function of the Pheatmap package in R. The ESTIMATE package was applied to compute immune and stromal scores for CRC patients. PCA analysis was used to remove batch effects among different datasets and transform genome-wide DNA methylation profiling into methylation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (MeTIL). We evaluated the mutation differences of the clusters using MOVICS, DeconstructSigs, and GISTIC packages. As for therapy, TIDE and SubMap analyses were carried out to forecast the immunotherapy response of the clusters, and chemotherapeutic sensibility was estimated based on the pRRophetic package. All results were verified in the TCGA and GEO data. Four immune clusters (ImmClust-CS1, ImmClust-CS2, ImmClust-CS3, and ImmClust-CS4) were identified for CRC. The four ImmClusts exhibited distinct TME compositions, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), functional orientation, and immune checkpoints. The highest immune, stromal, and MeTIL scores were observed in CS2, in contrast to the lowest scores in CS4. CS1 may respond to immunotherapy, while CS2 may respond to immunotherapy after anti-CAFs. Among the four ImmClusts, the top 15 markers with the highest mutation frequency were acquired, and CS1 had significantly lower CNA on the focal level than other subtypes. In addition, CS1 and CS2 patients had more stable chromosomes than CS3 and CS4. The most sensitive chemotherapeutic agents in these four ImmClusts were also found. IHC results revealed that CD29 stained significantly darker in the cancer samples, indicating that their CD29 was highly expressed in colon cancer. This work revealed the novel clusters based on TME for CRC, which would guide in predicting the prognosis, biological features, and appropriate treatment for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zheng
- Department of Digestion, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yajie Ma
- Department of Medical Affair, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Department of Digestion, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhongquan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenping Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yalin Tong
- Department of Digestion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Affair, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Yue
- Department of Digestion, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Digestion, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mengle Peng, ; Lifeng Li,
| | - Mengle Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mengle Peng, ; Lifeng Li,
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Noti L, Galván JA, Dawson H, Lugli A, Kirsch R, Assarzadegan N, Messenger D, Krebs P, Berger MD, Zlobec I. A combined spatial score of granzyme B and CD68 surpasses CD8 as an independent prognostic factor in TNM stage II colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:987. [PMID: 36114487 PMCID: PMC9482175 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous assessments of peritumoral inflammatory infiltrate in colorectal cancer (CRC) have focused on the role of CD8+ T lymphocytes. We sought to compare the prognostic value of CD8 with downstream indicators of active immune cell function, specifically granzyme B (GZMB) and CD68 in the tumour microenvironment. Methods Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed for CD8, GZMB, CD68 and CD163 on next-generation tissue microarrays (ngTMAs) in a primary cohort (n = 107) and a TNM stage II validation cohort (n = 151). Using digital image analysis, frequency of distinct immune cell types was calculated for tumour proximity (TP) zones with varying radii (10 μm-100 μm) around tumour cells. Results Associations notably of advanced TNM stage were observed for low density of CD8 (p = 0.002), GZMB (p < 0.001), CD68 (p = 0.034) and CD163 (p = 0.011) in the primary cohort. In the validation cohort only low GZMB (p = 0.036) was associated with pT4 stage. Survival analysis showed strongest prognostic effects in the TP25μm zone at the tumour centre for CD8, GZMB and CD68 (all p < 0.001) in the primary cohort and for CD8 (p = 0.072), GZMB (p = 0.035) and CD68 (p = 0.004) in the validation cohort with inferior prognostic effects observed at the tumour invasive margin. In a multivariate survival analysis, joint analysis of GZMB and CD68 was similarly prognostic to CD8 in the primary cohort (p = 0.007 vs. p = 0.002) and superior to CD8 in the validation cohort (p = 0.005 vs. p = 0.142). Conclusion Combined high expression of GZMB and CD68 within 25 μm to tumour cells is an independent prognostic factor in CRC and of superior prognostic value to the well-established CD8 in TNM stage II cancers. Thus, assessment of antitumoral effect should consider the quality of immune activation in peritumoral inflammatory cells and their actual proximity to tumour cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10048-x.
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Lee HS, Lee IH, Park SI, Jung M, Yang SG, Kwon TW, Lee DY. A Study on the Mechanism of Herbal Drug FDY003 for Colorectal Cancer Treatment by Employing Network Pharmacology. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221126964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) originates from the uncontrolled growth of epithelial cells in the colon or rectum. Annually, 1.9 million new CRC cases are being reported, causing 0.9 million deaths worldwide. The suppressive effects of the herbal prescription FDY003, a mixture of Cordyceps militaris, Lonicera japonica Thunberg, and Artemisia capillaris Thunberg, against CRC have previously been reported. Nonetheless, the multiple compound-multiple target mechanisms of FDY003 in CRC cells have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used network pharmacology (NP) to analyze the polypharmacological mechanisms of action of FDY003 in CRC treatment. FDY003 promoted the suppression of viability of CRC cells and strengthened their sensitivity to anticancer drugs. The NP study enabled the investigation of 17 pharmaceutical compounds and 90 CRC-related genes that were targets of the compounds. The gene ontology terms enriched with the CRC-related target genes of FDY003 were those involved in the control of a variety of phenotypes of CRC cells, for instance, the decision of apoptosis and survival, growth, stress response, and chemical response of cells. In addition, the targeted genes of FDY003 were further enriched in various Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways that coordinate crucial pathological processes of CRC; these are ErbB, focal adhesion, HIF-1, IL-17, MAPK, PD-L1/PD-1, PI3K-Akt, Ras, TNF, and VEGF pathways. The overall analysis results obtained from the NP methodology support the multiple-compound-multiple-target-multiple-pathway pharmacological features of FDY003 as a potential agent for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sung Lee
- The Fore, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hee Lee
- The Fore, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Minho Jung
- Forest Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Dae-Yeon Lee
- The Fore, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wang X, Li S, Yan S, Shan Y, Wang X, Jingbo Z, Wang Y, Shan F, Griffin N, Sun X. Methionine enkephalin inhibits colorectal cancer by remodeling the immune status of the tumor microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109125. [PMID: 35988519 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that methionine enkephalin (MENK), an opioid peptide, promotes anti-tumor immune responses. In this study, the effect of MENK on colorectal cancer (CRC) and its mechanisms of action were examined in vivo. The intraperitoneal administration of 20 mg/kg MENK effectively inhibited MC38 subcutaneous colorectal tumor growth in mice. MENK inhibited tumor progression by increasing the immunogenicity and recognition of MC38 cells. MENK down-regulated the oncogene Kras and anti-apoptotic Bclxl and Bcl2, suppressed Il1b, Il6, iNOS, and Arg1 (encoding inflammatory cytokines), and increased Il17a and Il10 levels. MENK promoted a tumor suppressive state by decreasing the immune checkpoints Pd-1, Pd-l1, Lag3, Flgl1, and 2b4 in CRC. MENK also altered the immune status of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). It increased the infiltration of M1-type macrophages, CD8+T cells, and CD4+T cells and decreased the proportions of G-MDSCs, M-MDSCs, and M2-type macrophages. MENK accelerated CD4+TEM and CD8+TEM cell activation in the TIME and up-regulated IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17A in CD4+T cells and Granzyme B in CD8+T cells. In addition, analyses of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression indicated that MENK promoted the anti-tumor immune response mediated by effector T cells. Finally, OGFr was up-regulated at the protein and mRNA levels by MENK, and the inhibitory effects of MENK on tumor growth were blocked by NTX, a specific blocker of OGFr. These finding indicate that MENK remodels the TIME in CRC to inhibit tumor progression by binding to OGFr. MENK is a potential therapeutic agent for CRC, especially for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Shunlin Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Siqi Yan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuanye Shan
- Immune Therapeutics Inc., 2431 Aloma Ave #124 Winter Park, FL 32792, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Zhai Jingbo
- Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fengping Shan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Noreen Griffin
- Immune Therapeutics Inc., 2431 Aloma Ave #124 Winter Park, FL 32792, USA
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Does Elevated Pre-Treatment Plasma PD-L1 Level Indicate an Increased Tumor Burden and Worse Prognosis in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164815. [PMID: 36013050 PMCID: PMC9410536 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have been reported as possibly favorable prognostic factors in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, their longitudinal effect is unknown. Methods: A pilot study was performed to investigate whether baseline PD-1/PD-L1 levels are associated with further laboratory changes and/or shorter survival. Results: A total of 506 laboratory measurements from 37 metastatic CRC patients were analyzed. The baseline plasma PD-1 and PD-L1 levels were 27.73 ± 1.20 pg/mL and 16.01 ± 1.09 pg/mL, respectively. Disease progression (p = 0.0443) and baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.0011), aspartate transaminase (p = 0.0253), alanine transaminase (p = 0.0386), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (p = 0.0103) were associated with higher PD-L1 levels. Based on the baseline PD-1/PD-L1 levels, low and high PD-1/PD-L1 groups were created. Constant, pathological levels of complete blood count values, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum albumin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lactate dehydrogenase were characteristic for patients with high baseline PD-L1. High PD-L1 levels were significantly associated with increased tumor burden. Disease-specific survival and progression-free survival were significantly shorter in patients with high PD-L1. Conclusions: Abnormal levels of laboratory parameters and intensified tumor burden can be expected if elevated baseline plasma PD-1/PD-L1 levels are found.
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Chen Y, Bai B, Ying K, Pan H, Xie B. Anti-PD-1 combined with targeted therapy: Theory and practice in gastric and colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Hassanian H, Asadzadeh Z, Baghbanzadeh A, Derakhshani A, Dufour A, Rostami Khosroshahi N, Najafi S, Brunetti O, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938063. [PMID: 35967381 PMCID: PMC9367471 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a disease with the highest disease-associated burden worldwide, cancer has been the main subject of a considerable proportion of medical research in recent years, intending to find more effective therapeutic approaches with fewer side effects. Combining conventional methods with newer biologically based treatments such as immunotherapy can be a promising approach to treating different tumors. The concept of "cancer immunoediting" that occurs in the field of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is the aspect of cancer therapy that has not been at the center of attention. One group of the role players of the so-called immunoediting process are the immune checkpoint molecules that exert either co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory effects in the anti-tumor immunity of the host. It involves alterations in a wide variety of immunologic pathways. Recent studies have proven that conventional cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of them, i.e., chemoradiotherapy, alter the "immune compartment" of the TME. The mentioned changes encompass a wide range of variations, including the changes in the density and immunologic type of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the alterations in the expression patterns of the different immune checkpoints. These rearrangements can have either anti-tumor immunity empowering or immune attenuating sequels. Thus, recognizing the consequences of various chemo(radio)therapeutic regimens in the TME seems to be of great significance in the evolution of therapeutic approaches. Therefore, the present review intends to summarize how chemo(radio)therapy affects the TME and specifically some of the most important, well-known immune checkpoints' expressions according to the recent studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Hassanian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- McCaig Insitute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- McCaig Insitute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi” University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Novoa Díaz MB, Martín MJ, Gentili C. Tumor microenvironment involvement in colorectal cancer progression via Wnt/β-catenin pathway: Providing understanding of the complex mechanisms of chemoresistance. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3027-3046. [PMID: 36051330 PMCID: PMC9331520 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i26.3027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be one of the main causes of death from cancer because patients progress unfavorably due to resistance to current therapies. Dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a fundamental role in the genesis and progression of several types of cancer, including CRC. In many subtypes of CRC, hyperactivation of the β-catenin pathway is associated with mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli gene. However, it can also be associated with other causes. In recent years, studies of the tumor microenvironment (TME) have demonstrated its importance in the development and progression of CRC. In this tumor nest, several cell types, structures, and biomolecules interact with neoplastic cells to pave the way for the spread of the disease. Cross-communications between tumor cells and the TME are then established primarily through paracrine factors, which trigger the activation of numerous signaling pathways. Crucial advances in the field of oncology have been made in the last decade. This Minireview aims to actualize what is known about the central role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CRC chemoresistance and aggressiveness, focusing on cross-communication between CRC cells and the TME. Through this analysis, our main objective was to increase the understanding of this complex disease considering a more global context. Since many treatments for advanced CRC fail due to mechanisms involving chemoresistance, the data here exposed and analyzed are of great interest for the development of novel and effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Novoa Díaz
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - María Julia Martín
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INQUISUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-INBIOSUR (CONICET-UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
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Hsieh RCE, Krishnan S, Wu RC, Boda AR, Liu A, Winkler M, Hsu WH, Lin SH, Hung MC, Chan LC, Bhanu KR, Srinivasamani A, De Azevedo RA, Chou YC, DePinho RA, Gubin M, Vilar E, Chen CH, Slay R, Jayaprakash P, Hegde SM, Hartley G, Lea ST, Prasad R, Morrow B, Couillault CA, Steiner M, Wang CC, Venkatesulu BP, Taniguchi C, Kim YSB, Chen J, Rudqvist NP, Curran MA. ATR-mediated CD47 and PD-L1 up-regulation restricts radiotherapy-induced immune priming and abscopal responses in colorectal cancer. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabl9330. [PMID: 35687697 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl9330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) of colorectal cancer (CRC) can prime adaptive immunity against tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-expressing CRC cells systemically. However, abscopal tumor remissions are extremely rare, and the postirradiation immune escape mechanisms in CRC remain elusive. Here, we found that irradiated CRC cells used ATR-mediated DNA repair signaling pathway to up-regulate both CD47 and PD-L1, which through engagement of SIRPα and PD-1, respectively, prevented phagocytosis by antigen-presenting cells and thereby limited TAA cross-presentation and innate immune activation. This postirradiation CD47 and PD-L1 up-regulation was observed across various human solid tumor cells. Concordantly, rectal cancer patients with poor responses to neoadjuvant RT exhibited significantly elevated postirradiation CD47 levels. The combination of RT, anti-SIRPα, and anti-PD-1 reversed adaptive immune resistance and drove efficient TAA cross-presentation, resulting in robust TAA-specific CD8 T cell priming, functional activation of T effectors, and increased T cell clonality and clonal diversity. We observed significantly higher complete response rates to RT/anti-SIRPα/anti-PD-1 in both irradiated and abscopal tumors and prolonged survival in three distinct murine CRC models, including a cecal orthotopic model. The efficacy of triple combination therapy was STING dependent as knockout animals lost most benefit of adding anti-SIRPα and anti-PD-1 to RT. Despite activation across the myeloid stroma, the enhanced dendritic cell function accounts for most improvements in CD8 T cell priming. These data suggest ATR-mediated CD47 and PD-L1 up-regulation as a key mechanism restraining radiation-induced immune priming. RT combined with SIRPα and PD-1 blockade promotes robust antitumor immune priming, leading to systemic tumor regressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney Cheng-En Hsieh
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Akash R Boda
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arthur Liu
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Winkler
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wen-Hao Hsu
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven Hsesheng Lin
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chuan Chan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Krithikaa Rajkumar Bhanu
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anupallavi Srinivasamani
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Yung-Chih Chou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Gubin
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eduardo Vilar
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chao Hsien Chen
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ravaen Slay
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priyamvada Jayaprakash
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shweta Mahendra Hegde
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Genevieve Hartley
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Spencer T Lea
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rishika Prasad
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brittany Morrow
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Madeline Steiner
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chun-Chieh Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bhanu Prasad Venkatesulu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cullen Taniguchi
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yon Son Betty Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nils-Petter Rudqvist
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Curran
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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STR Profiling Reveals Tumor Genome Instability in Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3449-3459. [PMID: 35621668 PMCID: PMC9139229 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29050278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is the only non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma variant responding to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, approximately in half of the cases; however, no molecular markers predicting a response to ICI therapy in PMBCL have been described so far. In this study, we assessed the incidence of the loss of heterozygosity (LOH), elevated microsatellite alteration at selected tetranucleotides (EMAST), and microsatellite instability (MSI) in the tumor genomes of 72 patients with PMBCL undergoing high-dose chemotherapy treatment at the National Research Center for Hematology (Moscow, Russia). Tumor DNA was isolated from biopsy samples taken at diagnosis. Control DNA was isolated from the blood of patients in complete remission or from buccal epithelium. STR-profiles for LOH and EMAST were assessed by PCR with COrDIS Plus multiplex kit (Gordiz Ltd., Moscow, Russia). LOH was detected in 37 of 72 patients (51.4%). EMAST was found in 40 patients (55.5%); 24 had a combination of EMAST with LOH. MSI-high was not found, while MSI-low was detected only in one patient. The association of certain genetic lesions with the clinical outcome in patients receiving treatment according to the standard clinical protocol R-Da-EPOCH-21 has been estimated (58 patients out of 72) and no associations with the worst overall or event-free survival were found.
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Cui G. Towards a precision immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer: Strategies and perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112923. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Liquid Biopsy as a Source of Nucleic Acid Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Management of Lynch Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084284. [PMID: 35457101 PMCID: PMC9029375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant inherited cancer predisposition disorder, which may manifest as colorectal cancer (CRC), endometrial cancer (EC) or other malignancies of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract as well as the skin and brain. Its genetic cause is a defect in one of the four key DNA mismatch repair (MMR) loci. Testing of patients at risk is currently based on the absence of MMR protein staining and detection of mutations in cancer tissue and the germline, microsatellite instability (MSI) and the hypermethylated state of the MLH1 promoter. If LS is shown to have caused CRC, lifetime follow-up with regular screening (most importantly, colonoscopy) is required. In recent years, DNA and RNA markers extracted from liquid biopsies have found some use in the clinical diagnosis of LS. They have the potential to greatly enhance the efficiency of the follow-up process by making it minimally invasive, reproducible, and time effective. Here, we review markers reported in the literature and their current clinical applications, and we comment on possible future directions.
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Karami Fath M, Babakhaniyan K, Zokaei M, Yaghoubian A, Akbari S, Khorsandi M, Soofi A, Nabi-Afjadi M, Zalpoor H, Jalalifar F, Azargoonjahromi A, Payandeh Z, Alagheband Bahrami A. Anti-cancer peptide-based therapeutic strategies in solid tumors. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:33. [PMID: 35397496 PMCID: PMC8994312 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, conventional medical treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy cannot cure all types of cancer. A promising approach to treat solid tumors is the use of tumor-targeting peptides to deliver drugs or active agents selectively. Result Introducing beneficial therapeutic approaches, such as therapeutic peptides and their varied methods of action against tumor cells, can aid researchers in the discovery of novel peptides for cancer treatment. The biomedical applications of therapeutic peptides are highly interesting. These peptides, owing to their high selectivity, specificity, small dimensions, high biocompatibility, and easy modification, provide good opportunities for targeted drug delivery. In recent years, peptides have shown considerable promise as therapeutics or targeting ligands in cancer research and nanotechnology. Conclusion This study reviews a variety of therapeutic peptides and targeting ligands in cancer therapy. Initially, three types of tumor-homing and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are described, and then their applications in breast, glioma, colorectal, and melanoma cancer research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Babakhaniyan
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zokaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beyza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Beyza, Iran
| | - Azadeh Yaghoubian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Akbari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Khorsandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asma Soofi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of biological science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- American Association of Kidney Patients, Tampa, FL, USA.,Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Jalalifar
- School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Armina Alagheband Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mueller AL, Brockmueller A, Fahimi N, Ghotbi T, Hashemi S, Sadri S, Khorshidi N, Kunnumakkara AB, Shakibaei M. Bacteria-Mediated Modulatory Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040832. [PMID: 35453581 PMCID: PMC9026499 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide, with a higher rate of distant metastases than other malignancies and with regular occurrence of drug resistance. Therefore, scientists are forced to further develop novel and innovative therapeutic treatment strategies, whereby it has been discovered microorganisms, albeit linked to CRC pathogenesis, are able to act as highly selective CRC treatment agents. Consequently, researchers are increasingly focusing on bacteriotherapy as a novel therapeutic strategy with less or no side effects compared to standard cancer treatment methods. With multiple successful trials making use of various bacteria-associated mechanisms, bacteriotherapy in cancer treatment is on its way to become a promising tool in CRC targeting therapy. In this study, we describe the anti-cancer effects of bacterial therapy focusing on the treatment of CRC as well as diverse modulatory mechanisms and techniques that bacteriotherapy offers such as bacterial-related biotherapeutics including peptides, toxins, bacteriocins or the use of bacterial carriers and underlying molecular processes to target colorectal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Mueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (A.-L.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (A.-L.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Niusha Fahimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Tahere Ghotbi
- Department of Nursing, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran;
| | - Sara Hashemi
- Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1955847881, Iran;
| | - Sadaf Sadri
- Department of Microbiology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 4741613534, Iran;
| | - Negar Khorshidi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1913674711, Iran;
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (A.-L.M.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-98-2180-72624
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49
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Anaya-Ruiz M, Perez-Santos M. Small-molecule inhibitor PD-1/PD-L1 interaction for colorectal cancer treatment. Pharm Pat Anal 2021; 10:245-250. [PMID: 34875853 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2021-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a target for the development of new therapies. US10710986 patent describes a small molecule that targets PDL-1/PD-1 interactions and triggers antitumor activity against colorectal cancer. However, it does not describe biological assays that allow us to suppose that this small molecule may be active in other types of cancer. So far, there are no reports of clinical trials to evaluate the safety, toxicity and efficacy, but it will be of great interest to analyze in the future if this compound surpasses the action of therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricruz Anaya-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, CP 74360, México
| | - Martin Perez-Santos
- Dirección de Innovación y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, CP 72570, México
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Yuan Z, Fan G, Wu H, Liu C, Zhan Y, Qiu Y, Shou C, Gao F, Zhang J, Yin P, Xu K. Photodynamic therapy synergizes with PD-L1 checkpoint blockade for immunotherapy of CRC by multifunctional nanoparticles. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2931-2948. [PMID: 34023507 PMCID: PMC8530932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, have been shown to be extraordinarily effective, but their durable response rate remains low, especially in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies have shown that photodynamic therapy (PDT) could effectively enhance PD-L1 blockade therapeutic effects, although the reason is still unclear. Here, we report the use of multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with photosensitized mTHPC (mTHPC@VeC/T-RGD NPs)-mediated PDT treatment to potentiate the anti-tumor efficacy of PD-L1 blockade for CRC treatment and investigate the underlying mechanisms of PDT enhancing PD-L1 blockade therapeutic effect in this combination therapy. In this study, the mTHPC@VeC/T-RGD NPs under the 660-nm near infrared (NIR) laser could kill tumor cells by inducing apoptosis and/or necrosis and stimulating systemic immune response, which could be further promoted by the PD-L1 blockade to inhibit primary and distant tumor growth, as well as building long-term host immunological memory to prevent tumor recurrence. Furthermore, we detected that mTHPC@VeC/T-RGD NP-mediated PDT sensitizes tumors to PD-L1 blockade therapy mainly because PDT-mediated hypoxia could induce the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway that upregulates PD-L1 expression in CRC. Taken together, our work demonstrates that mTHPC@VeC/T-RGD NP-mediated PDT is a promising strategy that may potentiate the response rate of anti-PD-L1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapies in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeting Yuan
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Guohua Fan
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Honglei Wu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chaolian Liu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yueping Zhan
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yanyan Qiu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chenting Shou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3005 Wahl Hall East, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Peihao Yin
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Ke Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicinel, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China; Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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