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Ragusa R, Caselli C. Focus on cardiac troponin complex: From gene expression to cardiomyopathy. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101263. [PMID: 39211905 PMCID: PMC11357864 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2024.101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The cardiac troponin complex (cTn) is a regulatory component of sarcomere. cTn consists of three subunits: cardiac troponin C (cTnC), which confers Ca2+ sensitivity to muscle; cTnI, which inhibits the interaction of cross-bridge of myosin with thin filament during diastole; and cTnT, which has multiple roles in sarcomere, such as promoting the link between the cTnI-cTnC complex and tropomyosin within the thin filament and influencing Ca2+ sensitivity of cTn and force development during contraction. Conditions that interfere with interactions within cTn and/or other thin filament proteins can be key factors in the regulation of cardiac contraction. These conditions include alterations in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, direct changes in cTn function, and triggering downstream events that lead to adverse cardiac remodeling and impairment of heart function. This review describes gene expression and post-translational modifications of cTn as well as the conditions that can adversely affect the delicate balance among the components of cTn, thereby promoting contractile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosetta Ragusa
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Chiara Caselli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
- Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
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2
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deFilippi C, McCallum S, Zanni MV, Fitch KV, Diggs MR, Bloomfield GS, Fichtenbaum CJ, Aberg JA, Malvestutto CD, Pinto-Martinez A, Stapleton A, Duggan J, Robbins GK, Taron J, Karady J, Foldyna B, Lu MT, Ribaudo HJ, Douglas PS, Grinspoon SK. Association of Cardiac Troponin T With Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Primary Prevention People With HIV. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:101206. [PMID: 39253712 PMCID: PMC11381782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Coronary plaque is common among people with HIV (PWH) with low-to-moderate traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the association of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels with coronary plaque characteristics and evaluate if hs-cTnT improves identification of these features beyond traditional ASCVD risk factors among PWH. Methods Among PWH receiving stable antiretroviral therapy with low-to-moderate ASCVD risk and no known history of ASCVD, hs-cTnT levels and measures of plaque by coronary computed tomography angiography were assessed. Primary outcomes included the association of hs-cTnT level with the presence of any plaque, vulnerable plaque, coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, and Leaman score. Assessment of model discrimination of hs-cTnT for plaque characteristics was also performed. Results The cohort included 708 U.S. participants with a mean age of 51 ± 6 years, 119 (17%) females, a median ASCVD risk score of 4.4% (Q1-Q3: 2.5%-6.6%), and a median hs-cTnT level of 6.7 ng/L (detectable level ≥6 ng/L in 61%). Any plaque was present in 341 (48%), vulnerable plaque in 155 (22%), CAC>100 in 68 (10%), and a Leaman score >5 in 105 (15%). After adjustment for ASCVD risk score, participants with hs-cTnT >9.6 ng/L (highest category) versus an undetectable level (<6 ng/L) had a greater relative risk for any plaque (1.37, 95% CI: 1.12-1.67), vulnerable plaque (1.47, 95% CI: 1.16-1.87), CAC>100 (2.58, 95% CI: 1.37-4.83), and Leaman score >5 (2.13, 95% CI: 1.32-3.46). The addition of hs-cTnT level modestly improved the discrimination of ASCVD risk score to identify critical plaque features. Conclusions In PWH without known ASCVD, hs-cTnT levels were strongly associated with and improved prediction of subclinical coronary plaque. (Evaluating the Use of Pitavastatin to Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in HIV-Infected Adults [REPRIEVE]; NCT02344290).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara McCallum
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Markella V Zanni
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen V Fitch
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marissa R Diggs
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerald S Bloomfield
- Department of Medicine, Duke Global Health Institute and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carl J Fichtenbaum
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carlos D Malvestutto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Ann Stapleton
- Eisenhower Health Center at Rimrock, Eisenhower Health, Rancho Mirage, California, USA
| | - Joan Duggan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Gregory K Robbins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jana Taron
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julia Karady
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Borek Foldyna
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael T Lu
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heather J Ribaudo
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pamela S Douglas
- Duke University Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven K Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Polishchuk A, Cilleros-Mañé V, Balanyà-Segura M, Just-Borràs L, Forniés-Mariné A, Silvera-Simón C, Tomàs M, Jami El Hirchi M, Hurtado E, Tomàs J, Lanuza MA. BDNF/TrkB signalling, in cooperation with muscarinic signalling, retrogradely regulates PKA pathway to phosphorylate SNAP-25 and Synapsin-1 at the neuromuscular junction. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:371. [PMID: 39044222 PMCID: PMC11265447 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein kinase A (PKA) enhances neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), which is retrogradely regulated by nerve-induced muscle contraction to promote Acetylcholine (ACh) release through the phosphorylation of molecules involved in synaptic vesicle exocytosis (SNAP-25 and Synapsin-1). However, the molecular mechanism of the retrograde regulation of PKA subunits and its targets by BDNF/TrkB pathway and muscarinic signalling has not been demonstrated until now. At the NMJ, retrograde control is mainly associated with BDNF/TrkB signalling as muscle contraction enhances BDNF levels and controls specific kinases involved in the neurotransmission. Neurotransmission at the NMJ is also highly modulated by muscarinic receptors M1 and M2 (mAChRs), which are related to PKA and TrkB signallings. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that TrkB, in cooperation with mAChRs, regulates the activity-dependent dynamics of PKA subunits to phosphorylate SNAP-25 and Synapsin-1. METHODS To explore this, we stimulated the rat phrenic nerve at 1Hz (30 minutes), with or without subsequent contraction (abolished by µ-conotoxin GIIIB). Pharmacological treatments were conducted with the anti-TrkB antibody clone 47/TrkB for TrkB inhibition and exogenous h-BDNF; muscarinic inhibition with Pirenzepine-dihydrochloride and Methoctramine-tetrahydrochloride for M1 and M2 mAChRs, respectively. Diaphragm protein levels and phosphorylation' changes were detected by Western blotting. Location of the target proteins was demonstrated using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS While TrkB does not directly impact the levels of PKA catalytic subunits Cα and Cβ, it regulates PKA regulatory subunits RIα and RIIβ, facilitating the phosphorylation of critical exocytotic targets such as SNAP-25 and Synapsin-1. Furthermore, the muscarinic receptors pathway maintains a delicate balance in this regulatory process. These findings explain the dynamic interplay of PKA subunits influenced by BDNF/TrkB signalling, M1 and M2 mAChRs pathways, that are differently regulated by pre- and postsynaptic activity, demonstrating the specific roles of the BDNF/TrkB and muscarinic receptors pathway in retrograde regulation. CONCLUSION This complex molecular interplay has the relevance of interrelating two fundamental pathways in PKA-synaptic modulation: one retrograde (neurotrophic) and the other autocrine (muscarinic). This deepens the fundamental understanding of neuromuscular physiology of neurotransmission that gives plasticity to synapses and holds the potential for identifying therapeutic strategies in conditions characterized by impaired neuromuscular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Polishchuk
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Víctor Cilleros-Mañé
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Balanyà-Segura
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Laia Just-Borràs
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Anton Forniés-Mariné
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
| | - Carolina Silvera-Simón
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Tomàs
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Meryem Jami El Hirchi
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Erica Hurtado
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Tomàs
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Maria A Lanuza
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. c/ Sant Llorenç 21, Reus, 43201, Spain.
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNeurob), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
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Lai Y, Ramírez-Pardo I, Isern J, An J, Perdiguero E, Serrano AL, Li J, García-Domínguez E, Segalés J, Guo P, Lukesova V, Andrés E, Zuo J, Yuan Y, Liu C, Viña J, Doménech-Fernández J, Gómez-Cabrera MC, Song Y, Liu L, Xu X, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Esteban MA. Multimodal cell atlas of the ageing human skeletal muscle. Nature 2024; 629:154-164. [PMID: 38649488 PMCID: PMC11062927 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy and functional decline (sarcopenia) are common manifestations of frailty and are critical contributors to morbidity and mortality in older people1. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia has major implications for understanding human ageing2. Yet, progress has been slow, partly due to the difficulties of characterizing skeletal muscle niche heterogeneity (whereby myofibres are the most abundant) and obtaining well-characterized human samples3,4. Here we generate a single-cell/single-nucleus transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility map of human limb skeletal muscles encompassing over 387,000 cells/nuclei from individuals aged 15 to 99 years with distinct fitness and frailty levels. We describe how cell populations change during ageing, including the emergence of new populations in older people, and the cell-specific and multicellular network features (at the transcriptomic and epigenetic levels) associated with these changes. On the basis of cross-comparison with genetic data, we also identify key elements of chromatin architecture that mark susceptibility to sarcopenia. Our study provides a basis for identifying targets in the skeletal muscle that are amenable to medical, pharmacological and lifestyle interventions in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Lai
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ignacio Ramírez-Pardo
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joan Isern
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Juan An
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Antonio L Serrano
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jinxiu Li
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Esther García-Domínguez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jessica Segalés
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pengcheng Guo
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Vera Lukesova
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Andrés
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jing Zuo
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanyu Liu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - José Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Doménech-Fernández
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova y Hospital de Liria and Health Care Department Arnau-Lliria, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gómez-Cabrera
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yancheng Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longqi Liu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA.
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Esteban
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China.
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China.
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University-BGI Research Center for Integrative Biology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Perazza LR, Wei G, Thompson LV. Fast and slow skeletal myosin binding protein-C and aging. GeroScience 2023; 45:915-929. [PMID: 36409445 PMCID: PMC9886727 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with skeletal muscle strength decline and cardiac diastolic dysfunction. The structural arrangements of the sarcomeric proteins, such as myosin binding protein-C (MyBP-C) are shown to be pivotal in the pathogenesis of diastolic dysfunction. Yet, the role of fast (fMyBP-C) and slow (sMyBP-C) skeletal muscle MyBP-C remains to be elucidated. Herein, we aimed to characterize MyBP-C and its paralogs in the fast tibialis anterior (TA) muscle from adult and old mice. Immunoreactivity preparations showed that the relative abundance of the fMyBP-C paralog was greater in the TA of both adult and old, but no differences were noted between groups. We further found that the expression level of cardiac myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C), an important modulator of cardiac output, was lowered by age. Standard SDS-PAGE along with Pro-Q Diamond phosphoprotein staining did not identify age-related changes in phosphorylated MyBP-C proteins from TA and cardiac muscles; however, it revealed that MyBP-C paralogs in fast skeletal and cardiac muscle were highly phosphorylated. Mass spectrometry further identified glycogen phosphorylase, desmin, actin, troponin T, and myosin regulatory light chain 2 as phosphorylated myofilament proteins in both ages. MyBP-C protein-bound carbonyls were determined using anti-DNP immunostaining and found the carbonyl level of fMyBP-C, sMyBP-C, and cMyBP-C to be similar between old and adult animals. In summary, our data showed some differences regarding the MyBP-C paralog expression and identified an age-related reduction of cMyBP-C expression. Future studies are needed to elucidate which are the age-driven post-translational modifications in the MyBP-C paralogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. R. Perazza
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - G. Wei
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - L. V. Thompson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
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Polishchuk A, Cilleros-Mañé V, Just-Borràs L, Balanyà-Segura M, Vandellòs Pont G, Silvera Simón C, Tomàs M, Garcia N, Tomàs J, Lanuza MA. Synaptic retrograde regulation of the PKA-induced SNAP-25 and Synapsin-1 phosphorylation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:17. [PMID: 36869288 PMCID: PMC9985302 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bidirectional communication between presynaptic and postsynaptic components contribute to the homeostasis of the synapse. In the neuromuscular synapse, the arrival of the nerve impulse at the presynaptic terminal triggers the molecular mechanisms associated with ACh release, which can be retrogradely regulated by the resulting muscle contraction. This retrograde regulation, however, has been poorly studied. At the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), protein kinase A (PKA) enhances neurotransmitter release, and the phosphorylation of the molecules of the release machinery including synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) and Synapsin-1 could be involved. METHODS Accordingly, to study the effect of synaptic retrograde regulation of the PKA subunits and its activity, we stimulated the rat phrenic nerve (1 Hz, 30 min) resulting or not in contraction (abolished by µ-conotoxin GIIIB). Changes in protein levels and phosphorylation were detected by western blotting and cytosol/membrane translocation by subcellular fractionation. Synapsin-1 was localized in the levator auris longus (LAL) muscle by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Here we show that synaptic PKA Cβ subunit regulated by RIIβ or RIIα subunits controls activity-dependent phosphorylation of SNAP-25 and Synapsin-1, respectively. Muscle contraction retrogradely downregulates presynaptic activity-induced pSynapsin-1 S9 while that enhances pSNAP-25 T138. Both actions could coordinately contribute to decreasing the neurotransmitter release at the NMJ. CONCLUSION This provides a molecular mechanism of the bidirectional communication between nerve terminals and muscle cells to balance the accurate process of ACh release, which could be important to characterize molecules as a therapy for neuromuscular diseases in which neuromuscular crosstalk is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Polishchuk
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Víctor Cilleros-Mañé
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Laia Just-Borràs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Balanyà-Segura
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Genís Vandellòs Pont
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Carolina Silvera Simón
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Tomàs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Neus Garcia
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Tomàs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.
| | - Maria A Lanuza
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.
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Dowling P, Gargan S, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Fiber-Type Shifting in Sarcopenia of Old Age: Proteomic Profiling of the Contractile Apparatus of Skeletal Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2415. [PMID: 36768735 PMCID: PMC9916839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and concomitant reduction in contractile strength plays a central role in frailty syndrome. Age-related neuronal impairments are closely associated with sarcopenia in the elderly, which is characterized by severe muscular atrophy that can considerably lessen the overall quality of life at old age. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomic surveys of senescent human skeletal muscles, as well as animal models of sarcopenia, have decisively improved our understanding of the molecular and cellular consequences of muscular atrophy and associated fiber-type shifting during aging. This review outlines the mass spectrometric identification of proteome-wide changes in atrophying skeletal muscles, with a focus on contractile proteins as potential markers of changes in fiber-type distribution patterns. The observed trend of fast-to-slow transitions in individual human skeletal muscles during the aging process is most likely linked to a preferential susceptibility of fast-twitching muscle fibers to muscular atrophy. Studies with senescent animal models, including mostly aged rodent skeletal muscles, have confirmed fiber-type shifting. The proteomic analysis of fast versus slow isoforms of key contractile proteins, such as myosin heavy chains, myosin light chains, actins, troponins and tropomyosins, suggests them as suitable bioanalytical tools of fiber-type transitions during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bonn, D53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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Lackner I, Weber B, Pressmar J, Odwarka A, Lam C, Haffner-Luntzer M, Marcucio R, Miclau T, Kalbitz M. Cardiac alterations following experimental hip fracture - inflammaging as independent risk factor. Front Immunol 2022; 13:895888. [PMID: 36131923 PMCID: PMC9484325 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.895888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac injuries following trauma are associated with a worse clinical outcome. So-called trauma-induced secondary cardiac injuries have been recently described after experimental long bone fracture even in absence of direct heart damage. With the progressive aging of our society, the number of elderly trauma victims rises and therefore the incidence of hip fractures increases. Hip fractures were previously shown to be associated with adverse cardiac events in elderly individuals, which have mainly been attributed to pre-conditioned cardiac diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hip fractures on the heart in healthy young and middle-aged mice. Materials and Methods Young (12-week-old) and middle-aged (52-week-old) female C57BL/6 mice either received an intramedullary stabilized proximal femur fracture or sham treatment. The observation time points included 6 and 24 h. Systemic levels of pro-inflammatory mediators as well as local inflammation and alterations in myocardial structure, metabolism and calcium homeostasis in left ventricular tissue was analyzed following hip fracture by multiplex analysis, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Results After hip fracture young and middle-aged mice showed increased systemic IL-6 and KC levels, which were significantly elevated in the middle-aged animals. Furthermore, the middle-aged mice showed enhanced myocardial expression of HMGB1, TLR2/4, TNF, IL1β and NLRP3 as well as considerable alterations in the myocardial expression of glucose- and fatty acid transporters (HFABP, GLUT4), calcium homeostasis proteins (SERCA) and cardiac structure proteins (desmin, troponin I) compared to the young animals following hip fracture. Conclusion Young and middle-aged mice showed local myocardial alterations, which might predispose for the development of secondary cardiac injury following hip fracture. Age and the age-associated phenomenon of ‘inflammaging’ seemed to be an independent risk factor aggravating and accelerating cardiac alterations following hip fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Lackner
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Traumatology, Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Birte Weber
- Department of Traumatology, Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jochen Pressmar
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Traumatology, Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Odwarka
- Department of Traumatology, Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Charles Lam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Melanie Haffner-Luntzer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralph Marcucio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Theodore Miclau
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Miriam Kalbitz
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Traumatology, Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Miriam Kalbitz,
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9
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Cardiac troponin T and autoimmunity in skeletal muscle aging. GeroScience 2022; 44:2025-2045. [PMID: 35034279 PMCID: PMC9616986 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related muscle mass and strength decline (sarcopenia) impairs the performance of daily living activities and can lead to mobility disability/limitation in older adults. Biological pathways in muscle that lead to mobility problems have not been fully elucidated. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) infiltration in muscle is a known marker of increased fiber membrane permeability and damage vulnerability, but whether this translates to impaired function is unknown. Here, we report that IgG1 and IgG4 are abundantly present in the skeletal muscle (vastus lateralis) of ~ 50% (11 out of 23) of older adults (> 65 years) examined. Skeletal muscle IgG1 was inversely correlated with physical performance (400 m walk time: r = 0.74, p = 0.005; SPPB score: r = - 0.73, p = 0.006) and muscle strength (r = - 0.6, p = 0.05). In a murine model, IgG was found to be higher in both muscle and blood of older, versus younger, C57BL/6 mice. Older mice with a higher level of muscle IgG had lower motor activity. IgG in mouse muscle co-localized with cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and markers of complement activation and apoptosis/necroptosis. Skeletal muscle-inducible cTnT knockin mice also showed elevated IgG in muscle and an accelerated muscle degeneration and motor activity decline with age. Most importantly, anti-cTnT autoantibodies were detected in the blood of cTnT knockin mice, old mice, and older humans. Our findings suggest a novel cTnT-mediated autoimmune response may be an indicator of sarcopenia.
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Abdel-Hamid M, Yang P, Mostafa I, Osman A, Romeih E, Yang Y, Huang Z, Awad AA, Li L. Changes in Whey Proteome between Mediterranean and Murrah Buffalo Colostrum and Mature Milk Reflect Their Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Value. Molecules 2022; 27:1575. [PMID: 35268677 PMCID: PMC8912021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk represents an integrated meal for newborns; its whey protein is rich in many health beneficial components and proteins. The current study aimed to investigate the differences between colostrum and mature milk from Mediterranean and Murrah buffaloes using labeled proteomics and bioinformatics tools. In the current work, LC-MS/MS analysis led to identification of 780 proteins from which 638 were shared among three independent TMT experiments. The significantly changed proteins between the studied types were analyzed using gene ontology enrichment and KEGG pathways, and their interactions were generated using STRING database. Results indicated that immunological, muscular development and function, blood coagulation, heme related, neuronal, translation, metabolic process, and binding proteins were the main terms. Overall, colostrum showed higher levels of immunoglobulins, myosins, actin, neurofascin, syntaxins, thyroglobulins, and RNA-binding proteins, reflecting its importance in the development and activity of immunological, muscular, cardiac, neuronal, and thyroid systems, while lactoferrin and ferritin were increased in mature milk, highlighting its role in iron storage and hemoglobin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdel-Hamid
- Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530001, China; (M.A.-H.); (P.Y.); (Z.H.)
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (E.R.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Pan Yang
- Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530001, China; (M.A.-H.); (P.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Islam Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Ehab Romeih
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (E.R.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Yongxin Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
| | - Zizhen Huang
- Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530001, China; (M.A.-H.); (P.Y.); (Z.H.)
| | - Awad A. Awad
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (E.R.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Ling Li
- Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530001, China; (M.A.-H.); (P.Y.); (Z.H.)
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11
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Bi J, Jing H, Zhou C, Gao P, Han F, Li G, Zhang S. Regulation of skeletal myogenesis in C2C12 cells through modulation of Pax7, MyoD, and myogenin via different low-frequency electromagnetic field energies. Technol Health Care 2022; 30:371-382. [PMID: 35124612 PMCID: PMC9028610 DOI: 10.3233/thc-thc228034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A low-frequency electromagnetic field (LF-EMF) exerts important biological effects on the human body. OBJECTIVE: We previously studied the immunity and atrophy of gastrocnemius muscles in rats with spinal cord injuries and found that LF-EMF with a magnetic flux density of 1.5 mT exerted excellent therapeutic and preventive effects on reducing myotubes and increasing spatium intermusculare. However, the effects of LF-EMF on all stages of skeletal myogenesis, such as activation, proliferation, differentiation, and fusion of satellite cells to myotubes as stimulated by myogenic regulatoryfactors (MRFs), have not been fully elucidated. METHODS: This study investigated the optimal LF-EMF magnetic flux density that exerted maximal effects on all stages of C2C12 cell skeletal myogenesis as well as its impact on regulatory MRFs. RESULTS: The results showed that an LF-EMF with a magnetic flux density of 2.0 mT could activate C2C12 cells and upregulate the proliferation-promoting transcription factor PAX7. On the other hand, 1.5 mT EMF could upregulate the expression of MyoD and myogenin. CONCLUSION: LF-EMF could prevent the disappearance of myotubes, with different magnetic flux densities of LF-EMF exerting independent and positive effects on skeletal myogenesis such as satellite cell activation and proliferation, muscle cell differentiation, and myocyte fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Bi
- Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Emergency Department, SongBei Hospital of The Fourth Hospital Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Jing
- Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - ChenLiang Zhou
- Emergency Department, SongBei Hospital of The Fourth Hospital Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Gao
- The First Department of General Surgery, Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fujun Han
- Emergency Department, SongBei Hospital of The Fourth Hospital Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gang Li
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Yichun, Yichun, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shiwei Zhang
- Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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12
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Rodrigues ACZ, Messi ML, Wang ZM, Bonilla HJ, Freeman WM, Delbono O. Long-term, induced expression of Hand2 in peripheral sympathetic neurons ameliorates sarcopenia in geriatric mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:1908-1924. [PMID: 34546662 PMCID: PMC8718059 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of adrenoceptors, which mediate the effects of the sympathetic nervous system neurotransmitter norepinephrine on specific tissues, sparked the development of sympathomimetics that have profound influence on skeletal muscle mass. However, chronic administration has serious side effects that preclude their use for muscle-wasting conditions such as sarcopenia, the age-dependent decline in muscle mass, force, and power. Devising interventions that can adjust neurotransmitter release to changing physiological demands will require understanding how the sympathetic nervous system affects muscle motor innervation and muscle mass, which will prevent sarcopenia-associated impaired mobility, falls, institutionalization, co-morbidity, and premature death. Here, we tested the hypothesis that prolonged heart and neural crest derivative 2 (Hand2) expression in peripheral sympathetic neurons (SNs) ameliorates sympathetic muscle denervation, motor denervation, and sarcopenia in geriatric mice. METHODS We delivered either a viral vector encoding the transcription factor Hand2 or an empty vector (EV) driven to SNs by the PRSx8 promoter by injecting the saphenous vein in 16-month-old C57BL/6 mice that were sacrificed 10-11 months later. Studies relied on sympathetic and muscle immunohistochemistry analysed by confocal microscopy, nerve and muscle protein expression assessed by immunoblots, nerve-evoked and muscle-evoked maximal muscle contraction force, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle RNA sequencing, SN real-time PCR, and tests of physical performance using an inverted-cling grip test and in an open-arena setting. RESULTS Examining the mice 10-11 months later, we found that inducing Hand2 expression in peripheral SNs preserved (i) the number of neurons (EV: 0.32 ± 0.03/μm2 , n = 6; Hand2: 0.92 ± 0.08/μm2 , n = 7; P < 0.0001) and size (EV: 279 ± 18 μm2 , n = 6; Hand2: 396 ± 18 μm2 , n = 7; P < 0.0001); (ii) lumbricalis muscle sympathetic innervation (EV: 1.4 ± 1.5 μm/μm2 , n = 5; Hand2: 12 ± 1.8 μm/μm2 , n = 5; P < 0.001); (iii) tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, EDL, and soleus muscles weight and whole-body strength (EV: 48 ± 6.4 s, n = 6; Hand2: 102 ± 6.8 s, n = 6; P < 0.001); (iv) EDL type IIb, IIx, and II/IIx and soleus type I, IIa, IIx, IIa/IIx, and IIb/IIx myofibre cross-sectional area; (v) nerve-evoked (EV: 16 ± 2.7 mN; Hand2: 30 ± 4.4 mN; P < 0.001) and muscle-evoked (EV: 24 ± 3.8 mN, n = 5; Hand2: 38 ± 3.0 mN, n = 8; P < 0.001) muscle force by 150 Hz-3 s pulses; and (vi) motor innervation assessed by measuring presynaptic/postsynaptic neuromuscular junction area overlay. CONCLUSIONS Preserving Hand2 expression in SNs from middle-aged to very old mice attenuates decreases in muscle mass and force by (i) maintaining skeletal muscle sympathetic and motor innervation, (ii) improving membrane and total acetylcholine receptor stability and nerve-evoked and muscle-evoked muscle contraction, (iii) preventing the elevation of inflammation and myofibrillar protein degradation markers, and (iv) increasing muscle autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Carolina Zaia Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,The Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - María Laura Messi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zhong-Min Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Henry Jacob Bonilla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Osvaldo Delbono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,The Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,The Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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13
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BI JIAQI, JING HONG, ZHOU CHENLIANG, GAO PENG, HAN FUJUN, LI GANG, SHI DONGFANG. EFFECT OF LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETICS (LFE) ON MUSCLE SATELLITE CELLS DIFFERENTIATION AND IMMUNE SYSTEM IN RAT. J MECH MED BIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519421400546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological disease. Although surgery within 8[Formula: see text]h after SCI can substantially reduce paraplegia, most patients still suffer from hypomusculariasis after neuron recovery, which results in insufficient lower limb muscles to support bodyweight. Currently, there is no effective method to prevent muscle atrophy. Previous studies have shown that low-frequency electromagnetics (LFE) can stimulate the differentiation, proliferation and fusion of muscle satellite cells, however, the optimal electromagnetic strength and effects on the immune system have not been established. Here, we investigated the influence of LFE at different electromagnetic strengths on muscle cell recovery and assessed the impact of chronic LFE on the immune system of SCI rats. The rat immune system was rapidly activated after SCI. High-energy LFE provoked intensive immune responses, while low-energy LFE did not affect immune responses. Simultaneously, LFE effectively prevented myotube reduction and atrophy in SCI rats. The mRNA and protein levels of Pax7 and MyoD were increased after LFE at both high and low electromagnetic strengths, with the latter leading to more robust increases. Indeed, LFE remarkably induced muscle cell fusion. Together, our results demonstrated that LFE activates muscle satellite cells via stimulating myogenic factors. Chronic low-energy LFE is a safe therapy with no adverse impact on the immune system of SCI rats. LFE with 1.5 mT energy should be considered as an optimal therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- JIAQI BI
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin 150010, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - HONG JING
- Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin 150010, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - CHENLIANG ZHOU
- Emergency Department, SongBei Hospital of The Fourth Hospital, Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150021, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - PENG GAO
- The First Department of General Surgery, Harbin Children’s Hospital, Harbin 150010, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - FUJUN HAN
- Emergency Department, SongBei Hospital of The Fourth Hospital, Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150021, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - GANG LI
- The Second Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Yichun Yichun, 153000, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - DONGFANG SHI
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
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14
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Rasmussen M, Jin JP. Troponin Variants as Markers of Skeletal Muscle Health and Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:747214. [PMID: 34733179 PMCID: PMC8559874 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.747214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2 +-regulated contractility is a key determinant of the quality of muscles. The sarcomeric myofilament proteins are essential players in the contraction of striated muscles. The troponin complex in the actin thin filaments plays a central role in the Ca2+-regulation of muscle contraction and relaxation. Among the three subunits of troponin, the Ca2+-binding subunit troponin C (TnC) is a member of the calmodulin super family whereas troponin I (TnI, the inhibitory subunit) and troponin T (TnT, the tropomyosin-binding and thin filament anchoring subunit) are striated muscle-specific regulatory proteins. Muscle type-specific isoforms of troponin subunits are expressed in fast and slow twitch fibers and are regulated during development and aging, and in adaptation to exercise or disuse. TnT also evolved with various alternative splice forms as an added capacity of muscle functional diversity. Mutations of troponin subunits cause myopathies. Owing to their physiological and pathological importance, troponin variants can be used as specific markers to define muscle quality. In this focused review, we will explore the use of troponin variants as markers for the fiber contents, developmental and differentiation states, contractile functions, and physiological or pathophysiological adaptations of skeletal muscle. As protein structure defines function, profile of troponin variants illustrates how changes at the myofilament level confer functional qualities at the fiber level. Moreover, understanding of the role of troponin modifications and mutants in determining muscle contractility in age-related decline of muscle function and in myopathies informs an approach to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rasmussen
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Jian-Ping Jin
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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15
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Khodabukus A, Kaza A, Wang J, Prabhu N, Goldstein R, Vaidya VS, Bursac N. Tissue-Engineered Human Myobundle System as a Platform for Evaluation of Skeletal Muscle Injury Biomarkers. Toxicol Sci 2021; 176:124-136. [PMID: 32294208 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional serum biomarkers used to assess skeletal muscle damage, such as activity of creatine kinase (CK), lack tissue specificity and sensitivity, hindering early detection of drug-induced myopathies. Recently, a novel four-factor skeletal muscle injury panel (MIP) of biomarkers consisting of skeletal troponin I (sTnI), CK mass (CKm), fatty-acid-binding protein 3 (Fabp3), and myosin light chain 3, has been shown to have increased tissue specificity and sensitivity in rodent models of skeletal muscle injury. Here, we evaluated if a previously established model of tissue-engineered functional human skeletal muscle (myobundle) can allow detection of the MIP biomarkers after injury or drug-induced myotoxicity in vitro. We found that concentrations of three MIP biomarkers (sTnI, CKm, and Fabp3) in myobundle culture media significantly increased in response to injury by a known snake venom (notexin). Cerivastatin, a known myotoxic statin, but not pravastatin, induced significant loss of myobundle contractile function, myotube atrophy, and increased release of both traditional and novel biomarkers. In contrast, dexamethasone induced significant loss of myobundle contractile function and myotube atrophy, but decreased the release of both traditional and novel biomarkers. Dexamethasone also increased levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -3 in the culture media which correlated with increased remodeling of myobundle extracellular matrix. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates that tissue-engineered human myobundles can provide an in vitro platform to probe patient-specific drug-induced myotoxicity and performance assessment of novel injury biomarkers to guide preclinical and clinical drug development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Khodabukus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-90281
| | - Amulya Kaza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-90281
| | - Jason Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-90281
| | - Neel Prabhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-90281
| | | | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Drug Research and Development, Pfizer, Groton, Connecticut 06340
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-90281
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16
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The emerging role of the sympathetic nervous system in skeletal muscle motor innervation and sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101305. [PMID: 33610815 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Examining neural etiologic factors'role in the decline of neuromuscular function with aging is essential to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia, the age-dependent decline in muscle mass, force and power. Innervation of the skeletal muscle by both motor and sympathetic axons has been established, igniting interest in determining how the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) affect skeletal muscle composition and function throughout the lifetime. Selective expression of the heart and neural crest derivative 2 gene in peripheral SNs increases muscle mass and force regulating skeletal muscle sympathetic and motor innervation; improving acetylcholine receptor stability and NMJ transmission; preventing inflammation and myofibrillar protein degradation; increasing autophagy; and probably enhancing protein synthesis. Elucidating the role of central SNs will help to define the coordinated response of the visceral and neuromuscular system to physiological and pathological challenges across ages. This review discusses the following questions: (1) Does the SNS regulate skeletal muscle motor innervation? (2) Does the SNS regulate presynaptic and postsynaptic neuromuscular junction (NMJ) structure and function? (3) Does sympathetic neuron (SN) regulation of NMJ transmission decline with aging? (4) Does maintenance of SNs attenuate aging sarcopenia? and (5) Do central SN group relays influence sympathetic and motor muscle innervation?
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Zequan X, Yonggang S, Guangjuan L, Shijun X, Li Z, Mingrui Z, Yanli X, Zirong W. Proteomics analysis as an approach to understand the formation of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) pork. Meat Sci 2021; 177:108353. [PMID: 33721680 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated ten pale, soft, and exudative (PSE), and ten normal meat samples from pig carcasses. The meat quality at 0, 5, 12, and 24 h post-mortem and the key enzyme activities at 0 and 24 h post-mortem were determined. We selected three PSE and three normal samples for proteomics analysis at 0 h and 24 h post-mortem. No remarkable differences in pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were observed between samples at 0 h post-mortem; however, creatine kinase (CK) activity was significantly higher in PSE meat. Hexokinase (HK) activity in PSE samples was higher than that in normal samples at 24 h post-mortem. Bioinformatics analysis of the proteome showed that PSE was related to glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, muscle tissue structure, signal transduction, and molecular chaperones. This research found that proteins such as troponin T slow skeletal muscle isoform X, GADPH, L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain, and gamma-enolase isoform X1 might be responsible for PSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zequan
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China; Tecon Biology Ltd, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shao Yonggang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Liu Guangjuan
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xing Shijun
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhang Li
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhu Mingrui
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xu Yanli
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wang Zirong
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutics, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China.
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18
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Straka T, Schröder C, Roos A, Kollipara L, Sickmann A, Williams MPI, Hafner M, Khan MM, Rudolf R. Regulatory Function of Sympathetic Innervation on the Endo/Lysosomal Trafficking of Acetylcholine Receptor. Front Physiol 2021; 12:626707. [PMID: 33776791 PMCID: PMC7991846 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.626707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that neuromuscular junctions are co-innervated by sympathetic neurons. This co-innervation has been shown to be crucial for neuromuscular junction morphology and functional maintenance. To improve our understanding of how sympathetic innervation affects nerve–muscle synapse homeostasis, we here used in vivo imaging, proteomic, biochemical, and microscopic approaches to compare normal and sympathectomized mouse hindlimb muscles. Live confocal microscopy revealed reduced fiber diameters, enhanced acetylcholine receptor turnover, and increased amounts of endo/lysosomal acetylcholine-receptor-bearing vesicles. Proteomics analysis of sympathectomized skeletal muscles showed that besides massive changes in mitochondrial, sarcomeric, and ribosomal proteins, the relative abundance of vesicular trafficking markers was affected by sympathectomy. Immunofluorescence and Western blot approaches corroborated these findings and, in addition, suggested local upregulation and enrichment of endo/lysosomal progression and autophagy markers, Rab 7 and p62, at the sarcomeric regions of muscle fibers and neuromuscular junctions. In summary, these data give novel insights into the relevance of sympathetic innervation for the homeostasis of muscle and neuromuscular junctions. They are consistent with an upregulation of endocytic and autophagic trafficking at the whole muscle level and at the neuromuscular junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Straka
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Schröder
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Roos
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.,Medizinische Fakultät, Medizinische Proteom-Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Mathias Hafner
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Muzamil Majid Khan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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Rodrigues ACZ, Wang ZM, Messi ML, Bonilla HJ, Liu L, Freeman WM, Delbono O. Heart and neural crest derivative 2-induced preservation of sympathetic neurons attenuates sarcopenia with aging. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:91-108. [PMID: 33258279 PMCID: PMC7890150 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia, or age-dependent decline in muscle force and power, impairs mobility, increasing the risk of falls, institutionalization, co-morbidity, and premature death. The discovery of adrenoceptors, which mediate the effects of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) neurotransmitter norepinephrine on specific tissues, sparked the development of sympathomimetics that have profound influence on skeletal muscle mass. However, chronic administration has serious side effects that preclude their use for muscle-wasting conditions. Interventions that can adjust neurotransmitter release to changing physiological demands depend on understanding how the SNS affects neuromuscular transmission, muscle motor innervation, and muscle mass. METHODS We examined age-dependent expression of the heart and neural crest derivative 2 (Hand2), a critical transcription factor for SN maintenance, and we tested the possibility that inducing its expression exclusively in sympathetic neurons (SN) will prevent (i) motor denervation, (ii) impaired neuromuscular junction (NMJ) transmission, and (iii) loss of muscle mass and function in old mice. To test this hypothesis, we delivered a viral vector carrying Hand2 expression or an empty vector exclusively in SNs by vein injection in 16-month-old C57BL/6 mice that were sacrificed 6 months later. Techniques include RNA-sequencing, real-time PCR, genomic DNA methylation, viral vector construct, tissue immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, confocal microscopy, electrophysiology, and in vivo mouse physical performance. RESULTS Hand2 expression declines throughout life, but inducing its expression increased (i) the number and size of SNs, (ii) muscle sympathetic innervation, (iii) muscle weight and force and whole-body strength, (iv) myofiber size but not muscle fibre-type composition, (v) NMJ transmission and nerve-evoked muscle force, and (vi) motor innervation in old mice. Additionally, the SN controls a set of genes to reduce inflammation and to promote transcription factor activity, cell signalling, and synapse in the skeletal muscle. Hand2 DNA methylation may contribute, at least partially, to gene silencing. CONCLUSIONS Selective expression of Hand2 in the mouse SNs from middle age through old age increases muscle mass and force by (i) regulating skeletal muscle sympathetic and motor innervation; (ii) improving acetylcholine receptor stability and NMJ transmission; (iii) preventing inflammation and myofibrillar protein degradation; (iv) increasing autophagy; and (v) probably enhancing protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Carolina Zaia Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zhong-Min Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - María Laura Messi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Henry Jacob Bonilla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Osvaldo Delbono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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20
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Aquila G, Re Cecconi AD, Forti M, Frapolli R, Bello E, Novelli D, Russo I, Licandro SA, Staszewsky L, Martinelli GB, Talamini L, Pasetto L, Resovi A, Giavazzi R, Scanziani E, Careccia G, Vénéreau E, Masson S, Latini R, D’Incalci M, Piccirillo R. Trabectedin and Lurbinectedin Extend Survival of Mice Bearing C26 Colon Adenocarcinoma, without Affecting Tumor Growth or Cachexia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082312. [PMID: 32824440 PMCID: PMC7463843 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trabectedin (ET743) and lurbinectedin (PM01183) limit the production of inflammatory cytokines that are elevated during cancer cachexia. Mice carrying C26 colon adenocarcinoma display cachexia (i.e., premature death and body wasting with muscle, fat and cardiac tissue depletion), high levels of inflammatory cytokines and subsequent splenomegaly. We tested whether such drugs protected these mice from cachexia. Ten-week-old mice were inoculated with C26 cells and three days later randomized to receive intravenously vehicle or 0.05 mg/kg ET743 or 0.07 mg/kg PM01183, three times a week for three weeks. ET743 or PM01183 extended the lifespan of C26-mice by 30% or 85%, respectively, without affecting tumor growth or food intake. Within 13 days from C26 implant, both drugs did not protect fat, muscle and heart from cachexia. Since PM01183 extended the animal survival more than ET743, we analyzed PM01183 further. In tibialis anterior of C26-mice, but not in atrophying myotubes, PM01183 restrained the NF-κB/PAX7/myogenin axis, possibly reducing the pro-inflammatory milieu, and failed to limit the C/EBPβ/atrogin-1 axis. Inflammation-mediated splenomegaly of C26-mice was inhibited by PM01183 for as long as the treatment lasted, without reducing IL-6, M-CSF or IL-1β in plasma. ET743 and PM01183 extend the survival of C26-bearing mice unchanging tumor growth or cachexia but possibly restrain muscle-related inflammation and C26-induced splenomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Aquila
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (A.D.R.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.M.)
| | - Andrea David Re Cecconi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (A.D.R.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.M.)
| | - Mara Forti
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (A.D.R.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.M.)
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (R.F.); (E.B.); (S.A.L.); (R.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Ezia Bello
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (R.F.); (E.B.); (S.A.L.); (R.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Deborah Novelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (D.N.); (I.R.); (L.S.); (S.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Ilaria Russo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (D.N.); (I.R.); (L.S.); (S.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Simonetta Andrea Licandro
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (R.F.); (E.B.); (S.A.L.); (R.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Lidia Staszewsky
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (D.N.); (I.R.); (L.S.); (S.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Giulia Benedetta Martinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (A.D.R.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.M.)
| | - Laura Talamini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (L.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Pasetto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (L.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Andrea Resovi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (R.F.); (E.B.); (S.A.L.); (R.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Mouse and Animal Pathology Lab (MAPLab), Fondazione UniMi, Università di Milano, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Careccia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (E.V.)
| | - Emilie Vénéreau
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (E.V.)
| | - Serge Masson
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (D.N.); (I.R.); (L.S.); (S.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (D.N.); (I.R.); (L.S.); (S.M.); (R.L.)
| | - Maurizio D’Incalci
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (R.F.); (E.B.); (S.A.L.); (R.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Rosanna Piccirillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (G.A.); (A.D.R.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-39014371
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21
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Cilleros-Mañé V, Just-Borràs L, Tomàs M, Garcia N, Tomàs JM, Lanuza MA. The M 2 muscarinic receptor, in association to M 1 , regulates the neuromuscular PKA molecular dynamics. FASEB J 2020; 34:4934-4955. [PMID: 32052889 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902113r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1 subtype (M1 ) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 2 subtype (M2 ) presynaptic muscarinic receptor subtypes increase and decrease, respectively, neurotransmitter release at neuromuscular junctions. M2 involves protein kinase A (PKA), although the muscarinic regulation to form and inactivate the PKA holoenzyme is unknown. Here, we show that M2 signaling inhibits PKA by downregulating Cβ subunit, upregulating RIIα/β and liberating RIβ and RIIα to the cytosol. This promotes PKA holoenzyme formation and reduces the phosphorylation of the transmitter release target synaptosome-associated protein 25 and the gene regulator cAMP response element binding. Instead, M1 signaling, which is downregulated by M2 , opposes to M2 by recruiting R subunits to the membrane. The M1 and M2 reciprocal actions are performed through the anchoring protein A kinase anchor protein 150 as a common node. Interestingly, M2 modulation on protein expression needs M1 signaling. Altogether, these results describe the dynamics of PKA subunits upon M2 muscarinic signaling in basal and under presynaptic nerve activity, uncover a specific involvement of the M1 receptor and reveal the M1 /M2 balance to activate PKA to regulate neurotransmission. This provides a molecular mechanism to the PKA holoenzyme formation and inactivation which could be general to other synapses and cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Cilleros-Mañé
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Laia Just-Borràs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Tomàs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Neus Garcia
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Tomàs
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria Angel Lanuza
- Unitat d'Histologia i Neurobiologia (UHNEUROB), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
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22
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Pellerin D, Aykanat A, Ellezam B, Troiano EC, Karamchandani J, Dicaire MJ, Petitclerc M, Robertson R, Allard-Chamard X, Brunet D, Konersman CG, Mathieu J, Warman Chardon J, Gupta VA, Beggs AH, Brais B, Chrestian N. Novel Recessive TNNT1 Congenital Core-Rod Myopathy in French Canadians. Ann Neurol 2020; 87:568-583. [PMID: 31970803 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recessive null variants of the slow skeletal muscle troponin T1 (TNNT1) gene are a rare cause of nemaline myopathy that is fatal in infancy due to respiratory insufficiency. Muscle biopsy shows rods and fiber type disproportion. We report on 4 French Canadians with a novel form of recessive congenital TNNT1 core-rod myopathy. METHODS Patients underwent full clinical characterization, lower limb magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), muscle biopsy, and genetic testing. A zebrafish loss-of-function model using morpholinos was created to assess the pathogenicity of the identified variant. Wild-type or mutated human TNNT1 mRNAs were coinjected with morpholinos to assess their abilities to rescue the morphant phenotype. RESULTS Three adults and 1 child shared a novel missense homozygous variant in the TNNT1 gene (NM_003283.6: c.287T > C; p.Leu96Pro). They developed from childhood very slowly progressive limb-girdle weakness with rigid spine and disabling contractures. They suffered from restrictive lung disease requiring noninvasive mechanical ventilation in 3 patients, as well as recurrent episodes of rhabdomyolysis triggered by infections, which were relieved by dantrolene in 1 patient. Older patients remained ambulatory into their 60s. MRI of the leg muscles showed fibrofatty infiltration predominating in the posterior thigh and the deep posterior leg compartments. Muscle biopsies showed multiminicores and lobulated fibers, rods in half the patients, and no fiber type disproportion. Wild-type TNNT1 mRNA rescued the zebrafish morphants, but mutant transcripts failed to do so. INTERPRETATION This study expands the phenotypic spectrum of TNNT1 myopathy and provides functional evidence for the pathogenicity of the newly identified missense mutation. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:568-583.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pellerin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Asli Aykanat
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Benjamin Ellezam
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emily C Troiano
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jason Karamchandani
- Department of Pathology, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Dicaire
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Petitclerc
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis, Lévis, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rebecca Robertson
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xavier Allard-Chamard
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denis Brunet
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital de l'Enfant Jésus, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Jean Mathieu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.,Neuromuscular Disease Clinic, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Jonquière, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jodi Warman Chardon
- Department of Neurosciences, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vandana A Gupta
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bernard Brais
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Neuromuscular Disease Clinic, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Jonquière, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chrestian
- Department of Child Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval et Centre Mère-Enfant Soleil, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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23
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Juraschek SP, Daya N, Appel LJ, Miller ER, Matsushita K, Michos ED, Windham BG, Ballantyne CM, Selvin E. Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease and Fall Risk in Older Adults: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:1795-1802. [PMID: 31493355 PMCID: PMC6733582 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Falls are frequent and often devastating events among older adults. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with greater fall risk; however, it is unknown if pathways that contribute to CVD, such as subclinical myocardial damage or wall strain, are related to future falls. We hypothesized that elevations in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), measured in older adults, would be associated with greater fall risk. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants without known coronary heart disease, heart failure, or stroke. MEASUREMENTS We measured hs-cTnT or NT-proBNP in 2011 to 2013. Falls were identified from hospital discharge International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9), codes or Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services claims. We used Poisson models adjusted for age, sex, and race/study center to quantify fall rates across approximate quartiles of hs-cTnT (less than 8, 8-10, 11-16, and 17 or greater ng/L) and NT-proBNP (less than 75, 75-124, 125-274, and 275 or greater pg/mL). We used Cox models to determine the association of cardiac markers with fall risk, adjusted for age, sex, race/center, and multiple fall risk factors. RESULTS Among 3973 participants (mean age = 76 ± 5 years, 62% women, 22% black), 457 had a subsequent fall during a median follow-up of 4.5 years. Incidence rates across quartiles of hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP were 17.1, 20.0, 26.2, and 36.4 per 1000 person-years and 12.8, 22.2, 28.7, and 48.4 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Comparing highest vs lowest quartiles of either hs-cTnT or NT-proBNP demonstrated a greater than two-fold higher fall risk, with hazard ratios of 2.17 (95% confidence interval {CI} = 1.60-2.95) and 2.34 (95% CI = 1.73-3.16), respectively. In a joint model, the relationships of hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP with falls were significant and independent. CONCLUSION Subclinical elevations of cardiac damage and wall strain were each associated with a higher fall risk in older adults. Further research is needed to determine whether interventions that lower hs-cTnT or NT-proBNP also lower fall risk. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1795-1802, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Juraschek
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Natalie Daya
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, and Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, and Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Edgar R Miller
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, and Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kunihiro Matsushita
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, and Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Erin D Michos
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, and Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - B Gwen Windham
- Department of Medicine and Center of Biostatistics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Landim-Vieira M, Schipper JM, Pinto JR, Chase PB. Cardiomyocyte nuclearity and ploidy: when is double trouble? J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2019; 41:329-340. [PMID: 31317457 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-019-09545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Considerable effort has gone into investigating mechanisms that underlie the developmental transition in which mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs) switch from being able to proliferate during development, to essentially having lost that ability at maturity. This problem is interesting not only for scientific curiosity, but also for its clinical relevance because controlling the ability of mature CMs to replicate would provide a much-needed approach for restoring cardiac function in damaged hearts. In this review, we focus on the propensity of mature mammalian CMs to be multinucleated and polyploid, and the extent to which this may be necessary for normal physiology yet possibly disadvantageous in some circumstances. In this context, we explore whether the concept of the myonuclear domain (MND) in multinucleated skeletal muscle fibers might apply to cardiomyocytes, and whether cardio-MND size might be related to the transition of CMs to become multinuclear. Nuclei in CMs are almost certainly integrators of not only biochemical, but also-because of their central location within the myofibrils-mechanical information, and this multimodal, integrative function in adult CMs-involving molecules that have been extensively studied along with newly identified possibilities-could influence both gene expression as well as replication of the genome and the nuclei themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maicon Landim-Vieira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Joslyn M Schipper
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.,Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - J Renato Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - P Bryant Chase
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. .,Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Biology Unit One Room 206, 81 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4370, USA.
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25
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Rodrigues ACZ, Messi ML, Wang ZM, Abba MC, Pereyra A, Birbrair A, Zhang T, O’Meara M, Kwan P, Lopez EIS, Willis MS, Mintz A, Files DC, Furdui C, Oppenheim RW, Delbono O. The sympathetic nervous system regulates skeletal muscle motor innervation and acetylcholine receptor stability. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13195. [PMID: 30269419 PMCID: PMC7224611 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Symptoms of autonomic failure are frequently the presentation of advanced age and neurodegenerative diseases that impair adaptation to common physiologic stressors. The aim of this work was to examine the interaction between the sympathetic and motor nervous system, the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in neuromuscular junction (NMJ) presynaptic motor function, the stability of postsynaptic molecular organization, and the skeletal muscle composition and function. METHODS Since muscle weakness is a symptom of diseases characterized by autonomic dysfunction, we studied the impact of regional sympathetic ablation on muscle motor innervation by using transcriptome analysis, retrograde tracing of the sympathetic outflow to the skeletal muscle, confocal and electron microscopy, NMJ transmission by electrophysiological methods, protein analysis, and state of the art microsurgical techniques, in C57BL6, MuRF1KO and Thy-1 mice. RESULTS We found that the SNS regulates motor nerve synaptic vesicle release, skeletal muscle transcriptome, muscle force generated by motor nerve activity, axonal neurofilament phosphorylation, myelin thickness, and myofibre subtype composition and CSA. The SNS also modulates the levels of postsynaptic membrane acetylcholine receptor by regulating the Gαi2 -Hdac4-Myogenin-MuRF1pathway, which is prevented by the overexpression of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gαi2 (Q205L), a constitutively active mutant G protein subunit. CONCLUSION The SNS regulates NMJ transmission, maintains optimal Gαi2 expression, and prevents any increase in Hdac4, myogenin, MuRF1, and miR-206. SNS ablation leads to upregulation of MuRF1, muscle atrophy, and downregulation of postsynaptic AChR. Our findings are relevant to clinical conditions characterized by progressive decline of sympathetic innervation, such as neurodegenerative diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C. Z. Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Maria L. Messi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Zhong-Min Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Martin C. Abba
- Basic and Applied Immunological Research Center (CINIBA), School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Pereyra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Meaghan O’Meara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ping Kwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Elsa I. S. Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Monte S. Willis
- Department of Pathology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - D. Clark Files
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Cristina Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ronald W. Oppenheim
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Osvaldo Delbono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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26
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Suzuki T, Palus S, Springer J. Skeletal muscle wasting in chronic heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2018; 5:1099-1107. [PMID: 30548178 PMCID: PMC6300810 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from chronic heart failure (CHF) show an increased prevalence (~20% in elderly CHF patients) of loss of muscle mass and muscle function (i.e. sarcopenia) compared with healthy elderly people. Sarcopenia, which can also occur in obese patients, is considered a strong predictor of frailty, disability, and mortality in older persons and is present in 5–13% of elderly persons aged 60–70 years and up to 50% of all octogenarians. In a CHF study, sarcopenia was associated with lower strength, reduced peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2, 1173 ± 433 vs. 1622 ± 456 mL/min), and lower exercise time (7.7 ± 3.8 vs. 10.22 ± 3.0 min, both P < 0.001). Unfortunately, there are only very limited therapy options. Currently, the main intervention remains resistance exercise. Specialized nutritional support may aid the effects of resistance training. Testosterone has significant positive effects on muscle mass and function, and low endogenous testosterone has been described as an independent risk factor in CHF in a study with 618 men (hazard ratio 0.929, P = 0.042). However, the use of testosterone is controversial because of possible side effects. Selective androgen receptor modulators have been developed to overcome these side effects but are not yet available on the market. Further investigational drugs include growth hormone, insulin‐like growth factor 1, and several compounds that target the myostatin pathway. The continuing development of new treatment strategies and compounds for sarcopenia, muscle wasting regardless of CHF, and cardiac cachexia makes this a stimulating research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Palus
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jochen Springer
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
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27
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Lena A, Coats AJ, Anker MS. Metabolic disorders in heart failure and cancer. ESC Heart Fail 2018; 5:1092-1098. [PMID: 30570226 PMCID: PMC6300808 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In an aging population, the number of patients affected by heart failure and cancer is constantly increasing and together these two conditions account for more than 50% of all deaths worldwide. Both diseases share similar risk factors including smoking, obesity, and hypertension. Presenting symptoms may also be similar, with patients frequently complaining of dyspnea, fatigue, and anorexia. Many affected patients, especially those with more advanced heart failure or cancer, suffer also from metabolic disorders. These can lead eventually to muscle wasting, sarcopenia, and cachexia. These complications are associated with increased morbidity, a poorer quality of life, a worse prognosis and indeed they represent an independent risk factor for the advancement of the underlying disease itself. Very few therapeutic options have been established to treat these co-morbidities. For sarcopenia the only validated treatment is resistance training. Moreover, there is currently no guideline recommended therapy for the treatment of cachexia. New treatment strategies are urgently needed to prevent and treat muscle and wasting disorders in patients with chronic diseases such as cancer and chronic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Lena
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism, Department of Cardiology, CharitéBerlinGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT)BerlinGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner siteBerlinGermany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlinGermany
| | | | - Markus S. Anker
- Division of Cardiology and Metabolism, Department of Cardiology, CharitéBerlinGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT)BerlinGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner siteBerlinGermany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Campus Benjamin FranklinBerlinGermany
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28
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Johnston JR, Chase PB, Pinto JR. Troponin through the looking-glass: emerging roles beyond regulation of striated muscle contraction. Oncotarget 2017; 9:1461-1482. [PMID: 29416706 PMCID: PMC5787451 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Troponin is a heterotrimeric Ca2+-binding protein that has a well-established role in regulating striated muscle contraction. However, mounting evidence points to novel cellular functions of troponin, with profound implications in cancer, cardiomyopathy pathogenesis and skeletal muscle aging. Here, we highlight the non-canonical roles and aberrant expression patterns of troponin beyond the sarcomeric milieu. Utilizing bioinformatics tools and online databases, we also provide pathway, subcellular localization, and protein-protein/DNA interaction analyses that support a role for troponin in multiple subcellular compartments. This emerging knowledge challenges the conventional view of troponin as a sarcomere-specific protein exclusively involved in muscle contraction and may transform the way we think about sarcomeric proteins, particularly in the context of human disease and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Johnston
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4300, USA
| | - P Bryant Chase
- Department of Biological Science, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4370, USA
| | - Jose Renato Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4300, USA
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29
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Xu Z, Feng X, Dong J, Wang ZM, Lee J, Furdui C, Files DC, Beavers KM, Kritchevsky S, Milligan C, Jin JP, Delbono O, Zhang T. Cardiac troponin T and fast skeletal muscle denervation in ageing. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:808-823. [PMID: 28419739 PMCID: PMC5659053 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing skeletal muscle undergoes chronic denervation, and the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the key structure that connects motor neuron nerves with muscle cells, shows increased defects with ageing. Previous studies in various species have shown that with ageing, type II fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibres show more atrophy and NMJ deterioration than type I slow-twitch fibres. However, how this process is regulated is largely unknown. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle fibre-type specific denervation at the NMJ could be critical to identifying novel treatments for sarcopenia. Cardiac troponin T (cTnT), the heart muscle-specific isoform of TnT, is a key component of the mechanisms of muscle contraction. It is expressed in skeletal muscle during early development, after acute sciatic nerve denervation, in various neuromuscular diseases and possibly in ageing muscle. Yet the subcellular localization and function of cTnT in skeletal muscle is largely unknown. METHODS Studies were carried out on isolated skeletal muscles from mice, vervet monkeys, and humans. Immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry were used to analyse protein expression, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure gene expression, immunofluorescence staining was performed for subcellular distribution assay of proteins, and electromyographic recording was used to analyse neurotransmission at the NMJ. RESULTS Levels of cTnT expression in skeletal muscle increased with ageing in mice. In addition, cTnT was highly enriched at the NMJ region-but mainly in the fast-twitch, not the slow-twitch, muscle of old mice. We further found that the protein kinase A (PKA) RIα subunit was largely removed from, while PKA RIIα and RIIβ are enriched at, the NMJ-again, preferentially in fast-twitch but not slow-twitch muscle in old mice. Knocking down cTnT in fast skeletal muscle of old mice: (i) increased PKA RIα and reduced PKA RIIα at the NMJ; (ii) decreased the levels of gene expression of muscle denervation markers; and (iii) enhanced neurotransmission efficiency at NMJ. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac troponin T at the NMJ region contributes to NMJ functional decline with ageing mainly in the fast-twitch skeletal muscle through interfering with PKA signalling. This knowledge could inform useful targets for prevention and therapy of age-related decline in muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zherong Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Juan Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zhong-Min Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jingyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cristina Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Clark Files
- Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine and the Critical Illness Injury and Recovery Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kristen M Beavers
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephen Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carolanne Milligan
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jian-Ping Jin
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Osvaldo Delbono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatic Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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